[Senate Report 106-104]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
Calendar No. 201
106th Congress Report
SENATE
1st Session 106-104
_______________________________________________________________________
LOOK, LISTEN, AND LIVE STAMP ACT
__________
R E P O R T
of the
COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENTAL AFFAIRS
UNITED STATES SENATE
together with
MINORITY VIEWS
to accompany
S. 712
TO AMEND TITLE 39, UNITED STATES CODE, TO ALLOW POSTAL PATRONS TO
CONTRIBUTE TO FUNDING FOR HIGHWAY-RAIL GRADE CROSSING SAFETY THROUGH
THE VOLUNTARY PURCHASE OF CERTAIN SPECIALLY ISSUED UNITED STATES
POSTAGE STAMPS
July 8, 1999.--to be printed
Filed under authority of the order of the Senate of June 29, 1999
__________
U.S. GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE
69-010 WASHINGTON : 1999
COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENTAL AFFAIRS
FRED THOMPSON, Tennessee, Chairman
WILLIAM V. ROTH, Jr., Delaware JOSEPH I. LIEBERMAN, Connecticut
TED STEVENS, Alaska CARL LEVIN, Michigan
SUSAN M. COLLINS, Maine DANIEL K. AKAKA, Hawaii
GEORGE V. VOINOVICH, Ohio RICHARD J. DURBIN, Illinois
PETE V. DOMENICI, New Mexico ROBERT G. TORRICELLI, New Jersey
THAD COCHRAN, Mississippi MAX CLELAND, Georgia
ARLEN SPECTER, Pennsylvania JOHN EDWARDS, North Carolina
JUDD GREGG, New Hampshire
Hannah S. Sistare, Staff Director and Counsel
Dan G. Blair, Senior Counsel
Michael L. Loesch, Counsel, International Security,
Proliferation and Federal Services Subcommittee
Joyce A. Rechtschaffen, Minority Staff Director and Counsel
Peter A. Ludgin, Minority Professional Staff Member
Nanci E. Langley, Minority Deputy Staff Director, International
Security,
Proliferation and Federal Services Subcommittee
Darla D. Cassell, Administrative Clerk
Calendar No. 201
106th Congress Report
SENATE
1st Session 106-104
======================================================================
LOOK, LISTEN, AND LIVE STAMP ACT
_______
July 8, 1999.--Ordered to be printed
Filed under authority of the order of the Senate of June 29, 1999
Mr. Thompson, from the Committee on Governmental Affairs, submitted the
following
R E P O R T
[To accompany S. 712]
The Committee on Governmental Affairs, to which was
referred the bill (S. 712) to amend title 39, United States
Code, to allow postal patrons to contribute to funding for
highway-rail grade crossing safety through the voluntary
purchase of certain specially issued United States postage
stamps.
CONTENTS
Page
I. Purpose..........................................................1
II. Background.......................................................2
III. Legislative history..............................................3
IV. Section-by-section analysis......................................3
V. Regulatory Impact Statement......................................4
VI. CBO cost estimate................................................4
VII. Executive Communications.........................................5
VIII.Minority Views...................................................8
IX. Changes to existing law.........................................11
I. Purpose
The purpose of S. 712, the ``Look, Listen, and Live Stamp
Act'' is to direct the United States Postal Service to
establish a specially-issued postage stamp to allow postal
patrons the opportunity to contribute to funding for highway-
rail grade crossing safety through the voluntary purchase of
these stamps.
II. Background
S. 712 would authorize the U.S. Postal Service to establish
a special-rate postage stamp, commonly known as a ``semi-
postal'' stamp, to promote highway-rail grade crossing safety.
There are approximately 150,000 public crossings in the
U.S. today, the majority of which are equipped with only
passive warning devices. In 1998, there were 3,446 grade-
crossing collisions involving motor vehicles resulting in 1,950
serious injuries and 422 deaths.
These grade-crossing deaths are preventable. Unfortunately,
the cost of separating or eliminating all of these crossings
would impose tremendous costs on railways and railway users as
well as Federal, state, and local governments. While all these
entities are working to reduce the number of grade-crossings
and improving safety features at others, the process will take
decades to complete.
The intent of this semi-postal stamp is to provide funding
to enhance public safety by educating citizens on the hazards
and proper methods for crossing a railroad track. The stamp and
its display are intended to serve as a reminder and heighten
public awareness for the need to exercise safety when crossing
a railroad track. The proceeds from the revenues generated
through the sale of the stamp would provide an additional
source of revenue to the Department of Transportation to fund
Operation Lifesaver programs. Operation Lifesaver is a non-
profit, nationwide public education program dedicated to
reducing collisions, injuries, and fatalities at intersections
where roadways meet railways and along railroad rights-of-way.
Operation Lifesaver currently is authorized to receive federal
funding in the amount of $500,000 annually through 2003.
Specifically, the bill authorizes the U.S. Postal Service
to sell this semi-postal stamp at a rate not to exceed 25
percent above the regular rate of the first-class postage
stamp. The purchase and use of these stamps would be voluntary.
The amounts received by the Postal Service from the sale of
such stamps, after the deduction of any additional
administrative expenses associated with the production, sale,
and purchase of these stamps, would be paid in semiannual
payments to the Department of Transportation for Operation
Lifesaver.
The bill expresses the sense of Congress that the proceeds
should not cause a decrease in other federal funding for
Operation Lifesaver or affect regular postage rates. The semi-
postal stamps would be made available to the public within 12
months of enactment. The Postal Service's annual report is to
provide information concerning the amount of proceeds and
administrative expenses. The stamp would be issued for a period
of two years.
The ``Look, Listen, and Live'' semi-postal stamp would be
the second semi-postal stamp authorized by Congress. Currently,
the Postal Service has available for public sale the ``Breast
Cancer Research'' stamp. This stamp was authorized pursuant to
P.L. 105-41 and directed the Postal Service to issue a special
postage stamp at a rate not to exceed 25 percent of the price
of the first-class stamp, with the additional revenues, less
administrative costs, being contributed to the National
Institutes of Health and the Department of Defense for breast
cancer research. ThePostal Service reports that as of June
1999, it had issued payments to the National Institutes of Health and
the Department of Defense, totaling more than $6.9 million, after
withholding nearly $200,000 for expenses. P.L. 105-41 requires the
Postal Service to recoup its costs associated with the printing, sale
and distribution of the ``Stamp Out Breast Cancer Stamp'' and the
Committee expects the Postal Service to adhere to this requirement.
This semi-postal stamp was issued in July 1998 for a period of two
years. The legislation further required the General Accounting Office
to report on the operations of the Postal Service in offering this
semi-postal stamp by July 2000.
The Committee is aware of the increased interest in semi-
postal stamps and their potential for fundraising for
charitable purposes. However, the Committee hopes to defer
further consideration of legislation authorizing semi-postal
stamps until Congress has had the opportunity to evaluate the
reports by the General Accounting Office on the operations of
the ``Look, Listen, and Live Stamp'' and the ``Stamp Out Breast
Cancer Act.''
III. Legislative History
S. 712 was introduced on March 24, 1999 by Senator Lott,
for himself, and Senators Hutchison, Breaux and Wyden and
referred to the Committee on Governmental Affairs. On April 2,
1999, the bill was referred to the Subcommittee on
International Security, Proliferation, and Federal Services.
On May 10, 1999, the Subcommittee on International
Security, Proliferation, and Federal Services reported S. 712
to the Full committee by polling letter. On May 20, the
Committee held a business meeting at which S. 712 was
considered.
During discussion on the bill, Senator Stevens stated his
intention to offer modifications to the bill, but the text of
his proposal was not available at the time of the markup.
Senator Stevens
stated he would offer his amendment when the legislation is
brought up for consideration by the full Senate.
Following further discussion on the bill, the Committee
ordered S. 712 to be favorably reported without amendment by a
vote of 14 Yeas (Senators Roth, Stevens, Collins, Voinovich,
Domenici, Cochran, Specter, Gregg, Lieberman, Akaka, Durbin,
Cleland, Edwards and Thompson) to 2 Nays (Senators Levin and
Torricelli).
IV. Section-by-Section Analysis
Section 1. Provides the citation, ``Look, Listen, and Live
Stamp Act.''
Section 2(a). Would add a new section 414a to title 39,
United States Code, directing the Postal Service to issue
special postage stamps to afford the public a convenient
opportunity to contribute to funding for highway-rail grade
crossing safety. The rate of first-class postage for such
stamps would be not more than 25 percent above the regular
rate, and the use of suchstamps would be voluntary. The amount
received by the Postal Service from the sale of such stamps, after the
deduction of expenses, would be paid in semiannual payments to the
Department of Transportation for Operation Lifesaver. The bill
expresses the sense of Congress that the proceeds should not cause a
decrease in funding for Operation Lifesaver or affect regular postage
rates. The special postage stamps would be made available to the public
within 12 months of enactment. The Postal Service's annual report is to
provide information on the amount of proceeds and administrative
expenses. The new section 414a would cease to be effective two years
after the special stamps first become available to the public.
Section 2(b). Would require the Comptroller General to
report to Congress no later than three months before the end of
the two-year sale period regarding the effectiveness and
appropriateness of this method of fundraising and regarding the
monetary and other resources required of the Postal Service in
carrying out this program.
Section 2(c). Would update the table of sections of title
39, United States Code, accordingly.
V. Regulatory Impact Statement
Enactment of this legislation will have no significant
regulatory impact. S. 712 contains no intergovernmental or
private-sector mandates as defined in the Unfunded Mandates
Reform Act and would impose no costs on the budgets of state,
local, or tribal governments.
VI. Congressional Budget Office Cost Estimate
U.S. Congress,
Congressional Budget Office,
Washington, DC, June 7, 1999.
Hon. Fred Thompson,
Chairman, Committee on Governmental Affairs,
U.S. Senate, Washington, DC.
Dear Mr. Chairman: The Congressional Budget Office has
prepared the enclosed cost estimate for S. 712, the Look,
Listen, and Live Stamp Act.
If you wish further details on this estimate, we will be
pleased to provide them. The CBO staff contact is Mark
Grabowicz.
Sincerely,
Barry B. Anderson
(For Dan L. Crippen, Director).
Enclosure.
congressional budget office cost estimate
S. 712--Look, Listen, and Live Stamp Act
CBO estimates that enacting S. 712 would result in changes
in direct spending of less than $1 million in each of fiscal
years 2000 through 2003 and a net change of zero over the 2000-
2003 period. Because enactment of the bill would affect direct
spending, pay-as-you-go procedures would apply. Implementing
this legislation also would increase discretionary spending by
about $250,000 over the 2001-2002 period, assuming
appropriation of the necessary amounts. S. 712 contains no
intergovernmental or private-sector mandates as defined in the
Unfunded Mandates Reform Act and would impose no costs on the
budgets of state, local, or tribal governments.
S. 712 would direct the United States Postal Service to
issue a special postage stamp for first-class mail that would
cost participating customers up to 25 percent above the regular
rate. Any amounts collected from the special stamp (called a
semipostal), after accounting for the Postal Service's
administrative costs, would be paid to the Department of
Transportation (DOT) for safety programs for highway-rail grade
crossings. The Postal Service would have 12 months after
enactment to make the semipostal available to the public, and
the program would terminate two years thereafter. In addition,
the bill would direct the General Accounting Office (GAO) to
prepare a report on this semipostal program.
Payments of amounts above the regular first-class postage
rate (currently 33 cents) would constitute a donation to the
federal government and would normally be classified as
governmental receipts. The surcharges on the breast cancer
semipostal issued in 1998, however, were treated as offsetting
collections, that is, negative outlays. Assuming enactment of
S. 712 near the end of fiscal year 1999, CBO expects that the
semipostal would not be available for sale until late in fiscal
year 2000. Therefore, CBO estimates that any changes in
offsetting collections would be less than $500,000, in fiscal
year 2000. We estimate that the increase in such collections
would be about $1 million in each of 2001 and 2002. Spending of
such collections, including anticipated spending by the DOT,
would be less than $500,000 in fiscal years 2000 and 2001,
about $1 million in 2002, and less than $500,000 in2003. The
changes in spending would equal the changes in collections over the
2000-2003 period but generally would occur somewhat later. Net outlays
over the 2000-2003 period would be zero.
S. 712 would direct GAO to prepare a report on the
semipostal's effectiveness as a fundraising tool and on its
financial impact on the Postal Service. Based on information
from GAO, we estimate that the report would cost about $250,000
over the fiscal years 2001 and 2002, assuming appropriation of
the necessary amounts.
Because cash flows of the Postal Service are categorized as
off-budget, only the spending by DOT under S. 712 would be
subject to pay-as-you-go procedures. The only year in which
such spending would not be less than $500,000 is fiscal year
2002. The bill's pay-as-you-go effects are summarized in the
following table.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
By fiscal year, in millions of dollars
-----------------------------------------------------------
1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Changes in outlays.................................. 0 0 0 1 0 0
Changes in receipts................................. Not applicable
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
The CBO staff contact for this estimate is Mark Grabowicz.
This estimate was approved by Paul N. Van de Water, Assistant
Director for Budget Analysis.
VII. Executive Communications
In an effort to develop a full and complete record on semi-
postal stamps, the Committee requested the views of Postmaster
General William Henderson on S. 712, as well as preliminary
information on the revenues and costs associated with the sale
and distribution of the ``Stamp Out Breast Cancer'' semi-postal
stamp. The following letter by Postmaster General William
Henderson is in response to this request.
U.S. Postal Service,
Washington, DC, June 25, 1999.
Hon. Fred Thompson,
Chairman, Committee on Governmental Affairs,
U.S. Senate, Washington, DC.
Dear Mr. Chairman: This is in response to your June 11
letter, cosigned by Senators Cochran, Lieberman, and Akaka,
concerning information regarding the breast cancer research
semipostal stamp.
I appreciate your interest in the status of the breast
cancer stamp. As you know, on August 13, 1997, the President
signed into law the Stamp Out Breast Cancer Act that mandated
the Postal Service to issue within 12 months a special first-
class postage stamp with a differential, not to exceed 25
percent or 8 cents. To date, over 92 million of the breast
cancer semipostal stamps have been sold.
While the Postal Service has developed guidelines for
tracking costs, we have not yet fully defined which incremental
costs associated with the stamp will be offset against revenue.
We have, however, issued payments to the National Institutes of
Health (NIH) and the Department of Defense (DOD), as intended
by the law, totaling over $6.9 million, after withholding
nearly $200 thousand for expenses.
In accordance with our memoranda of understanding with NIH
and DOD, payments are made semi-annually. Two payments have
been made to date, November 1998 and April 1999. Three
additional payments are scheduled, on or before November 1999,
on or before April 15, 2000, and a final payment within 120
days subsequent to July 29, 2000.
Total printing costs, to date, equal about $2.1 million. In
addition, packaging costs for vending machines and other
specialized sales venues was about $786,000. Further costs may
be forthcoming.
The Postal Service faced several challenges in meeting the
legislatively mandated one-year lead time. Our Stamp Services
Department normally completes the design and development of our
annual program two to three years prior to the year in which it
is issued. Accordingly, there were logistical issues associated
with the shortened lead time.
In addition, we had to determine to what extent the
vehicles through which we would advertise this stamp, and what
type of partnering/sponsorship opportunities were appropriate.
Further, we needed to redesign and reprogram our accounting
systems to track the sales of the Breast Cancer Research Stamp
separate from the sales of other issues. It was also necessary
to train clerk and carrier personnel regarding the purpose and
special nature of the stamp.
However, as the Congress expressed itself so strongly on
this issue, the Postal Service has enthusiastically embraced
the breast cancer semipostal stamp. To ensure the success of
stamp sales, the Postal Service developed a comprehensive
advertising and promotions plan to support the national launch
of the Breast Cancer Research Stamp. The promotional
initiatives include post office sales kits, television/radio
interviews, a video news release featuring First-Day-of-Issue
ceremony, postal communications to all our employees, and press
kits to major media and health organizations.
With regard to S. 712, the Stop, Listen and Live Stamp Act,
the Postal Service would prefer that no additional semipostal
stamps be authorized until the sales period of the Breast
Cancer Research Stamp has expired and GAO has completed its
audit. We are concerned that a competing semipostal stamp would
have a negative effect on sales and ultimate success of the
Breast Cancer Research Stamp. We believe the success and cost
of the stamp should be fully evaluated before another
semipostal stamp is authorized in order to determine the value
this type of stamp brings to charitable fundraising.
Thank you for the opportunity to clarify our position on
this issue. If I may be of assistance in other postal matters,
please let me know.
Sincerely,
William J. Henderson.
VIII. Minority Views of Senator Levin
For over 40 years, the U.S. Postal Service has relied on
the Citizens' Stamp Advisory Committee (CSAC) to review and
select stamp subjects that are interesting and educational.
CSAC chooses the subjects of U.S. stamps using as its criteria,
12 major guidelines, established about the time of the Postal
Reorganization Act. These 12 criteria for stamp subject
selection have guided the CSAC in its decisionmaking function
for decades.
The tenth criteria guiding CSAC's subject selection makes
reference to semi-postal stamps, the type of stamp that the
Postal Service would be required to issue if the Look, Listen,
Live Stamp Act were enacted. With respect to semi-postals, the
guidelines state, ``Stamps or postal stationary items with
added values, referred to as `semi-postals,' shall not be
issued. Due to the vast number of worthy fund-raising
organizations in existence, it would be difficult to single out
specific ones to receive such revenue. There also is a strong
U.S. tradition of private fund-raising for charities, and the
administrative costs involved in accounting for sales would
tend to negate the revenues derived.'' This position was also
reflected in the June 15, 1999 letter from Postmaster General
William Henderson. The Postmaster General stated that the
Postal Service has made it a policy not to issue any stamp with
a surtax on the regular postage rate with the extra revenue
earmarked for a designated charity because it would be too
difficult to choose one particular organization or cause over
another and because it would be perceived as a public
solicitation or intrusion.
Congress has mandated the issuance of a semi-postal stamp
only once before. The Breast Cancer Research semi-postal stamp,
was authorized by Congress in 1997 and was issued by the Postal
Service in July of 1998 for a two-year period. At the end of
this period, the stamp will be subject to evaluation by GAO,
for purposes of determining the effectiveness and the
appropriateness of the stamp as a means of fundraising, and for
identifying the costs incurred by the Postal Service in
carrying out the Breast Cancer Research stamp.
The Breast Cancer Research Stamp has not even completed its
first year. Congress should, at minimum, wait until the two-
year period for the Breast Cancer Research Stamp has expired,
and the GAO has prepared a tally of which costs associated with
the stamp will be offset by revenue. In addition, even with
information on the Breast Cancer stamp, the results of the two
stamps may not be comparable, because it is very possible that
the Look, Listen and Live Stamp will not generate the same
amount of support. Breast cancer is an affliction that kills
some 44,000 women a year and affects millions of women and
their families. Although highway-rail grade crossing accidents
are a serious transportation safety problem and tragically
claim the lives of hundreds each year, they may not generate
the same amount of public concern and support.
In his June 15, 1999 letter, the Postmaster General stated,
``With regard to S. 712, the Stop, Listen and Live Stamp Act,
introduced by Senator Lott, the Postal Service would prefer
that no additional semipostal stamps be authorized until the
sales period of the Breast Cancer Research Stamp has expired
and GAO has completed its audit. We are concerned that a
competing semipostal stamp would have a negative effect on
sales and ultimate success of the Breast Cancer Research Stamp.
We believe the success and cost of the stamp should be fully
evaluated before another semipostal stamp is authorized in
order to determine the value this type of stamp brings to
charitable fundraising.''
There are additional concerns. There are already four semi-
postal bills pending, one that would generate funds for
diabetes research, another for Alzheimer's research, and the
third for AIDS research and education. If Congress passes S.
712, there's no telling how many semi-postal stamps will be
issued. Congress and the Postal Service should be careful
before going down that path. Fundraising for charitable causes
is a great American tradition, and one that Congress should and
does support. However, the process for stamp selection, which
was created as an effort to remove politics from stamp
issuance, should remain separate.
Finally, I am concerned that the proceeds under the bill
are turned over to a private organization. As fine an
organization as Operation Lifesaver no doubt is, it is unwise
for the Postal Service to collect funds for a private
organization, even a nonprofit one. In the battle against
diseases and in many other causes, there are often competing
nonprofit organizations. We should not be selecting private
groups for the receipt of federal funds without some criteria.
Carl Levin.
U.S. Postal Service,
Washington, DC, June 15, 1999.
Hon. Carl Levin,
U.S. Senate, Washington, DC.
Dear Senator Levin: This is in response to your May 11
letter concerning information regarding the breast cancer
research semipostal stamp.
As you know, on August 13, 1997, the President signed into
law the Stamp Out Breast Cancer Act that mandated the Postal
Service to issue within 12 months a special first-class postage
stamp with a differential, not to exceed 25 percent or 8 cents.
On July 29, 1998, the stamp was issued and will be available to
the public for two years. The Act provides that before the end
of the two-year period, the General Accounting Office will
perform an audit on the Breast Cancer Research Stamp operation.
The Postal Service historically believed that as America
already has a philanthropic tradition unmatched by other
nations, semipostals would be perceived as yet another
solicitation and a public intrusion in an area where private
initiative and generosity have had very beneficial results. We
also believed that were the Postal Service to issue semipostal
stamps, either we or the Congress would be placed in the very
difficult position of determining which organizations should be
funded and which should not.
However, as the Congress expressed itself so strongly on
this issue, the Postal Service has enthusiastically embraced
the breast cancer semipostal stamp. To ensure the success of
stamp sales, the Postal Service developed a comprehensive
advertising and promotions plan to support the national launch
of the Breast Cancer Research Stamp. The promotional
initiatives include post office sales kits, television/radio
interviews, a video news release featuring First Day of Issue
ceremony, postal communications to all our employees, and press
kits to major media and health organizations. To date, over 92
million of the breast cancer semipostal stamps have been sold.
While the Postal Service has developed guidelines for
tracking costs, we have not yet fully defined which incremental
costs associated with the stamp will be offset against revenue.
We have, however, issued payments to the National Institutes of
Health and Department of Defense, as intended by the law,
totaling over $6.9 million, after expenses.
With regard to S. 712, the Stop, Listen, and Live Stamp
Act, introduced by Senator Lott, the Postal Service would
prefer that no additional semipostal stamps be authorized until
the sales period of the Breast Cancer Research Stamp has
expired and GAO has completed its audit. We are concerned that
a competing semipostal stamp would have a negative effect on
sales and ultimate success of the Breast Cancer Research Stamp.
We believe the success and cost of the stamp should be fully
evaluated before another semipostal stamp is authorized in
order to determine the value this type of stamp brings to
charitable fundraising.
Thank you for the opportunity to clarify our position on
this issue. If I may be of assistance in other postal matters,
please let me know.
Sincerely,
William J. Henderson.
IX. Changes to Existing Law
In compliance with paragraph 12 of rule XXVI of the
Standing Rules of the Senate, changes in existing law made by
S. 712 as reported are shown as follows (existing law proposed
to be omitted is enclosed in brackets, new matter is printed in
italic, and existing law in which no change is proposed is
shown in roman):
TITLE 39--POSTAL SERVICE
PART I--GENERAL
CHAPTER 4--GENERAL AUTHORITY
Sec. 414. Special postage stamps
* * * * * * *
Sec. 414a. Special Postage stamps for highway-rail grade crossing
safety
(a) In order to afford the public a convenient way to
contribute to funding for highway-rail grade crossing safety,
the Postal Service shall establish a special rate of postage
for first-class mail under this section.
(b) The rate of postage established under this section--
(1) shall be equal to the regular first-class rate of
postage, plus a differential of not to exceed 25
percent;
(2) shall be set by the Governors in accordance with
such procedures as the Governors shall by regulation
prescribe (in lieu of the procedures under chapter 36);
and
(3) shall be offered as an alternative to the regular
first-class rate of postage.
(c) The use of the special rate of postage established
under this section shall be voluntary on the part of postal
patrons.
(d)(1) Amounts becoming available for highway-rail grade
crossing safety under this section shall be paid by the Postal
Service to the Department of Transportation for Operation
Lifesaver. Payments under this section shall be made under such
arrangements as the Postal Service shall by mutual agreement
with the Department of Transportation establish in order to
carry out the purposes of this section, except that, under
those arrangements, payments to the Department of
Transportation shall be made at least twice a year.
(2) For purposes of this section, the term ``amounts
becoming available for highway-rail grade crossing safety under
this section'' means--
(A) The total amounts received by the Postal Service
that the Postal Service would not have received but for
the enactment of this section, reduced by
(B) an amount sufficient to cover reasonable costs
incurred by the Postal Service in carrying out this
section, including those attributable to the printing,
sale, and distribution of stamps under this section, as
determined by the Postal Service under regulations that
it shall prescribe.
(e) It is the sense of Congress that nothing in this
section should--
(1) directly or indirectly cause a net decrease in
total funds received by the Department of
Transportation for Operation Lifesaver below the level
that would otherwise have been received but for the
enactment of this section; or
(2) affect regular first-class rates of postage or
any other regular rates of postage.
(f) Special postage stamps under this section shall be made
available to the public beginning on such date as the Postal
Service shall by regulation prescribe, but in no event later
than 12 months after the enactment of this section.
(g) The Postmaster General shall include in each report
rendered under section 2402 with respect to any period during
any portion of which this section is in effect information,
concerning the operation of this section, except that, at a
minimum, each report shall include--
(1) the total amount described in subsection
(d)(2)(A) which was received by the Postal Service
during the period covered by such report; and
(2) of the amount under paragraph (1), how much (in
the aggregate and by category) was required for the
purposes described in subsection (d)(2)(B).
(h) This section shall cease to be effective at the end of
the 2-year period beginning on the date on which special
postage stamps under this section are first made available to
the public.
* * * * * * *
TITLE 39--POSTAL SERVICE
PART I--GENERAL
CHAPTER 4--GENERAL AUTHORITY
Sec.
401. General Powers of the Postal Service.
402. Delegation of authority.
403. General duties.
404. Specific powers.
405. Printing of illustrations of United States postage stamps.
406. Postal Services at Armed Forces installations.
407. International money-order exchanges.
409. Suits by and against the Postal Service.
410. Application of other laws.
411. Cooperation with other Government agencies.
412. Nondisclosure of lists of names and addresses.
413. Postal services at diplomatic posts.
[414. Special postage stamps.]
TITLE 39--POSTAL SERVICE
PART I--GENERAL
CHAPTER 4--GENERAL AUTHORITY
Sec.
401. General Powers of the Postal Service.
402. Delegation of authority.
403. General duties.
404. Specific powers.
405. Printing of illustrations of United States postage stamps.
406. Postal Services at Armed Forces installations.
407. International money-order exchanges.
409. Suits by and against the Postal Service.
410. Application of other laws.
411. Cooperation with other Government agencies.
412. Nondisclosure of lists of names and addresses.
413. Postal services at diplomatic posts.
414. Special postage stamps for breast cancer research.
414a. Special postage stamps for highway-rail grade crossing safety.
* * * * * * *
[Sec. 414. Special postage stamps]
Sec. 414. Special postage stamps for breast cancer research