[Senate Report 105-6]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]



105th Congress                                                   Report
                                 SENATE

 1st Session                                                      105-6
_______________________________________________________________________

                                     

 
      REPORT ON THE ACTIVITIES OF THE COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES

                          UNITED STATES SENATE

                             104TH CONGRESS

                       FIRST AND SECOND SESSIONS


                                     


                                     

               February 26, 1997.--Ordered to be printed

                      COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES
                     (105th Congress, 1st Session)
           STROM THURMOND, South Carolina, Chairman
CARL LEVIN, Michigan                 JOHN W. WARNER, Virginia
EDWARD M. KENNEDY, Massachusetts     JOHN McCAIN, Arizona
JEFF BINGAMAN, New Mexico            DAN COATS, Indiana
JOHN GLENN, Ohio                     BOB SMITH, New Hampshire
ROBERT C. BYRD, West Virginia        DIRK KEMPTHORNE, Idaho
CHARLES S. ROBB, Virginia            JAMES M. INHOFE, Oklahoma
JOSEPH I. LIEBERMAN, Connecticut     RICK SANTORUM, Pennsylvania
MAX CLELAND, Georgia                 OLYMPIA J. SNOWE, Maine
                                     PAT ROBERTS, Kansas
               Romie L. Brownlee, Staff Director
       David S. Lyles, Staff Director for the Minority
                                 ______

                      COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES
                     (104th Congress, 1st Session)
           STROM THURMOND, South Carolina, Chairman
SAM NUNN, Georgia                    JOHN W. WARNER, Virginia
J. JAMES EXON, Nebraska              WILLIAM S. COHEN, Maine
CARL LEVIN, Michigan                 JOHN McCAIN, Arizona
EDWARD M. KENNEDY, Massachusetts     TRENT LOTT, Mississippi
JEFF BINGAMAN, New Mexico            DAN COATS, Indiana
JOHN GLENN, Ohio                     BOB SMITH, New Hampshire
ROBERT C. BYRD, West Virginia        DIRK KEMPTHORNE, Idaho
CHARLES S. ROBB, Virginia            KAY BAILEY HUTCHISON, Texas
JOSEPH I. LIEBERMAN, Connecticut     JAMES M. INHOFE, Oklahoma
RICHARD H. BRYAN, Nevada             RICK SANTORUM, Pennsylvania
               Richard L. Reynard, Staff Director
     Arnold L. Punaro, Staff Director for the Minority
                                 ______

                      COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES
                      (104th Congress, 2d Session)
              STROM THURMOND, South Carolina, Chairman
SAM NUNN, Georgia                    JOHN W. WARNER, Virginia
J. JAMES EXON, Nebraska              WILLIAM S. COHEN, Maine
CARL LEVIN, Michigan                 JOHN McCAIN, Arizona
EDWARD M. KENNEDY, Massachusetts     DAN COATS, Indiana
JEFF BINGAMAN, New Mexico            BOB SMITH, New Hampshire
JOHN GLENN, Ohio                     DIRK KEMPTHORNE, Idaho
ROBERT C. BYRD, West Virginia        KAY BAILEY HUTCHISON, Texas
CHARLES S. ROBB, Virginia            JAMES M. INHOFE, Oklahoma
JOSEPH I. LIEBERMAN, Connecticut     RICK SANTORUM, Pennsylvania
RICHARD H. BRYAN, Nevada             SHEILA FRAHM,\1\ Kansas
                 Romie L. Brownlee, Staff Director
        Arnold L. Punaro, Staff Director for the Minority

\1\ NOTE: Senator Sheila Frahm, of Kansas, was sworn in as a United 
States Senator on June 11, 1996 to fill the vacancy of Senator Robert 
Dole, of Kansas, who resigned June 11, 1996. On June 12, 1996 Senator 
Trent Lott, of Mississippi, was elected to serve as Majority Leader of 
the United States Senate, to fill the vacancy of Senator Robert Dole, 
Majority Leader. On June 20, 1996 the Senate passed S. Res. 267, 
removing Senator Trent Lott from the Senate Committee on Armed 
Services, in order that he might serve as Majority Leader, and 
appointing Senator Sheila Frahm to the Senate Committee on Armed 
Services for the 104th Congress.
Senator Trent Lott served on the Senate Committee on Armed Services 
from February 2, 1989 until June 20, 1996.


                         LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL

                              ----------                              

                                       U.S. Senate,
                               Committee on Armed Services,
                                  Washington, DC, February 25, 1997
Hon. Albert Gore, Jr.,
President of the Senate,
Washington, DC.
    Dear Mr. President: Senate Rule XXVI.8(b) requires the 
submission by March 31 of this year of a report of activities 
of the Committee for the previous Congress.
    In accordance with the requirements, I am submitting the 
report of the activities of the Senate Committee on Armed 
Services during the 104th Congress. This report outlines the 
most noteworthy legislative and other achievements of our 
Committee.
            Sincerely,
                                          Strom Thurmond, Chairman.


                            C O N T E N T S

                               __________
                                                                   Page

Letter of transmittal............................................   iii
Jurisdiction.....................................................     1
Membership of the committee......................................     2
Subcommittee appointments........................................     3
Relationship of annual authorization to Department of Defense 
  appropriations.................................................     6
Activities of the Armed Services Committee during the 104th 
  Congress (1995 and 1996).......................................    10
Action on nominations referred to the committee..................    15
Nominations for promotions in the Armed Forces...................    19
Investigations, hearings, and other matters not directly 
  pertaining to legislation before the committee.................    20
Committee staff..................................................    26
Rules of procedure...............................................    28
Publications:
    Hearings.....................................................    32
    Nominations..................................................    34
    Reports......................................................    34
Information regarding appointment of Boards of Visitors to the 
  U.S. Military, Naval, and Air Force Academies..................    36


                              JURISDICTION
                              ----------                              

    The Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 (Public Law 601 
of the Seventy-ninth Congress, approved Aug. 2, 1946, amended 
by Public Law 91-510 approved Oct. 26, 1970) in Part I created 
the standing committees of the Senate and provided that the 
Committee on Armed Services should consist of 13 Senators: 
amended by S. Res. 18 of the 82d Congress (1953) to consist of 
15 Senators; amended by S. Res. 24 of the 86th Congress (1959) 
to consist of 17 Senators; amended by S. Res. 11 of the 90th 
Congress (1967) to consist of 18 Senators; amended by P.L. 91-
510 (1970) to consist of 15 Senators; amended by S. Res. 15, of 
the 92d Congress to consist of 16 Senators; amended by S. Res. 
10 of the 93d Congress (1973) to consist of 15 Senators; 
amended by S. Res. 17 of the 94th Congress (1975) to consist of 
16 Senators; further amended by S. Res. 4, and subsequently by 
S. Res. 82, 95th Congress (1977) to consist of 18 Senators; 
further amended by S. Res. 14, 100th Congress (1987) to consist 
of 20 Senators, further amended by S. Res. 130, 103d Congress 
(1993) to consist of 22 Senators; and further amended by S. 
Res. 14, 104th Congress (1995) to consist of 21 Senators; and 
that to said committee shall be referred all proposed 
legislation, messages, petitions, memorials and other matters 
relating to the following subjects (Rule XXV(c) (1) and (2) of 
the Standing Rules of the Senate):
          (1) 1. Aeronautical and space activities peculiar to 
        or primarily associated with the development of weapons 
        systems or military operations.
          2. Common defense.
          3. Department of Defense, the Department of the Army, 
        the Department of the Navy, and the Department of the 
        Air Force, generally.
          4. Maintenance and operation of the Panama Canal, 
        including administration, sanitation, and government of 
        the Canal Zone.
          5. Military research and development.
          6. National security aspects of nuclear energy.
          7. Naval petroleum reserves, except those in Alaska.
          8. Pay, promotion, retirement, and other benefits and 
        privileges of members of the Armed Forces, including 
        overseas education of civilian and military dependents.
          9. Selective Service system.
          10. Strategic and critical materials necessary for 
        the common defense.
          (2) Such committee shall also study and review, on a 
        comprehensive basis, matters relating to the common 
        defense policy of the United States, and report thereon 
        from time to time.


                      COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES

                             104th Congress

                              ----------                              

               STROM THURMOND, South Carolina, Chairman
                          January 14, 1959*
JOHN W. WARNER, Virginia            SAM NUNN, Georgia                
    January 23, 1979*                   January 4, 1973*             
WILLIAM S. COHEN, Maine             J. JAMES EXON, Nebraska          
    January 23, 1979*                   January 23, 1979*            
JOHN McCAIN, Arizona                CARL LEVIN, Michigan             
    January 6, 1987*                    January 23, 1979*            
DAN COATS, Indiana                  EDWARD M. KENNEDY, Massachusetts 
    February 2, 1989*                   January 3, 1983*             
BOB SMITH, New Hampshire            JEFF BINGAMAN, New Mexico        
    February 5, 1991*                   January 3, 1983*             
DIRK KEMPTHORNE, Idaho              JOHN GLENN, Ohio                 
    January 7, 1993*                    February 21, 1985*           
KAY BAILEY HUTCHISON, Texas         ROBERT C. BYRD, West Virginia    
    July 1, 1993*                       February 2, 1989*            
JAMES M. INHOFE, Oklahoma           CHARLES S. ROBB, Virginia        
    January 4, 1995*                    January 7, 1993*             
RICK SANTORUM, Pennsylvania         JOSEPH I. LIEBERMAN, Connecticut 
    January 4, 1995*                    January 7, 1993*             
SHEILA FRAHM, Kansas                RICHARD H. BRYAN, Nevada         
    June 20, 1996*                      July 15, 1993*               
                               __________
*Date of appointment to Senate Committee on Armed Services.

Note: Senator Sheila Frahm, of Kansas, was sworn in as a United States 
Senator on June 11, 1996 to fill the vacancy of Senator Robert Dole, of 
Kansas, who resigned June 11, 1996. On June 12, 1996 Senator Trent 
Lott, of Mississippi, was elected to serve as Majority Leader of the 
United States Senate, to fill the vacancy of Senator Robert Dole, 
Majority Leader. On June 20, 1996, the Senate passed S. Res. 267, 
removing Senator Trent Lott from the Senate Committee on Armed 
Services, in order that he might serve as Majority Leader, and 
appointing Senator Sheila Frahm to the Senate Committee on Armed 
Services for the 104th Congress.
Senator Trent Lott served on the Senate Committee on Armed Services 
from February 2, 1989 until June 20, 1996.

    The Senate Committees on Military Affairs, on the Militia, 
and Naval Affairs were established on December 10, 1816. The 
Committee on the Militia was merged with the Committee on 
Military Affairs in 1858 to form the Military Affairs and 
Militia Committee. However, in 1872 the Committee dropped 
"Militia" from its name. The Military Affairs and Naval Affairs 
Committees existed until 1947 when they were combined by the 
Legislative Reorganization Act of 1946 into a new standing 
committee, the current Armed Services Committee.
      
      

          SUBCOMMITTEES OF THE SENATE ARMED SERVICES COMMITTEE

                  (February 9, 1995 to July 8, 1996)*

      Democratic Members                    Republican Members  

                    Subcommittee on Strategic Forces
Senator Exon, Ranking Member         Senator Lott, Chairman
Senator Levin                        Senator Warner
Senator Bingaman                     Senator Cohen
Senator Glenn                        Senator Smith
Senator Bryan                        Senator Kempthorne
                                     Senator Hutchison

                       Subcommittee on Readiness
Senator Glenn, Ranking Member        Senator McCain, Chairman
Senator Bingaman                     Senator Cohen
Senator Robb                         Senator Coats
Senator Bryan                        Senator Inhofe
                                     Senator Santorum

                       Subcommittee on Personnel
Senator Byrd, Ranking Member         Senator Coats, Chairman
Senator Kennedy                      Senator McCain
Senator Robb                         Senator Lott
                                     Senator Santorum

             Subcommittee on Acquisition and Technology
Senator Bingaman, Ranking Member     Senator Smith, Chairman
Senator Levin                        Senator Kempthorne
Senator Kennedy                      Senator Hutchison
                                     Senator Inhofe

                       Subcommittee on Seapower
Senator Kennedy, Ranking Member      Senator Cohen, Chairman
Senator Exon                         Senator Warner
Senator Robb                         Senator McCain
Senator Lieberman                    Senator Lott
                                     Senator Smith

                    Subcommittee on AirLand Forces
Senator Levin, Ranking Member        Senator Warner, Chairman
Senator Exon                         Senator Cohen
Senator Glenn                        Senator Coats
Senator Byrd                         Senator Kempthorne
Senator Lieberman                    Senator Hutchison
Senator Bryan                        Senator Inhofe
                                     Senator Santorum

                               __________
Note: Senator Thurmond and Senator Nunn, as Chairman and Ranking 
Minority Member of the Armed Services Committee, serve as ex officio 
(non-voting) members of all Subcommittees.

*[On June 12, 1996 Senator Trent Lott, of Mississippi, was elected to 
serve as Majority Leader of the United States Senate, to fill the 
vacancy of Senator Robert Dole, of Kansas, who resigned June 11, 1996. 
On June 20, 1996 the Senate passed S. Res. 267, removing Senator Lott 
from the Senate Committee on Armed Services and appointing in his place 
Senator Sheila Frahm of Kansas. Modifications to Committee on Armed 
Services Subcommittee assignments necessitated by these changes in 
Committee Membership follow.]
      
      

          SUBCOMMITTEES OF THE SENATE ARMED SERVICES COMMITTEE

                     (July 9, 1996 to Jan. 3, 1997)

      Democratic Members                    Republican Members  

                Subcommittee on Strategic Forces
Senator Exon, Ranking Member         Senator Warner, Chairman
Senator Levin                        Senator Cohen
Senator Bingaman                     Senator Smith
Senator Glenn                        Senator Kempthorne
Senator Bryan                        Senator Hutchison
                                     Senator Inhofe

                    Subcommittee on Readiness
Senator Glenn, Ranking Member        Senator McCain, Chairman
Senator Bingaman                     Senator Cohen
Senator Robb                         Senator Coats
Senator Bryan                        Senator Inhofe
                                     Senator Santorum

                    Subcommittee on Personnel
Senator Byrd, Ranking Member         Senator Kempthorne, Chairman
Senator Kennedy                      Senator McCain
Senator Robb                         Senator Coats
                                     Senator Frahm

            Subcommittee on Acquisition and Technology
Senator Bingaman, Ranking Member     Senator Smith, Chairman
Senator Levin                        Senator Hutchison
Senator Kennedy                      Senator Inhofe
                                     Senator Frahm

                     Subcommittee on Seapower
Senator Kennedy, Ranking Member      Senator Cohen, Chairman
Senator Exon                         Senator Warner
Senator Robb                         Senator McCain
Senator Lieberman                    Senator Smith
                                     Senator Santorum

                  Subcommittee on AirLand Forces
Senator Levin, Ranking Member        Senator Coats, Chairman
Senator Exon                         Senator Warner
Senator Glenn                        Senator Cohen
Senator Byrd                         Senator Kempthorne
Senator Lieberman                    Senator Hutchison
Senator Bryan                        Senator Santorum
                                     Senator Frahm

                               __________
Note: Senator Thurmond and Senator Nunn, as Chairman and Ranking 
Minority Member of the Armed Services Committee, serve as ex officio 
(non-voting) members of all Subcommittees.


     RELATIONSHIP OF ANNUAL AUTHORIZATION TO DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE 
                             APPROPRIATIONS

          History of Section 114, Title 10, United States Code

    The jurisdiction of the committee so far as specific annual 
authorizations are concerned was increased significantly in 
1959 by the enactment of section 412(b) of Public Law 86-149 
which required annual congressional authorization of 
appropriations for the procurement of aircraft, missiles and 
naval vessels. That law was amended and expanded as follows:
    In 1962 (Public Law 88-436) to require similar 
authorization of appropriations for research, development, 
test, or evaluation associated with aircraft, missiles and 
naval vessels;
    In 1963 (Public Law 88-174) to require similar 
authorization of appropriations for all research, development, 
test, or evaluation carried on by the Department of Defense;
    In 1965 (Public Law 89-37) to require authorization of 
appropriations for the procurement of tracked combat vehicles;
    In 1967 (Public Law 90-168) to require annual authorization 
of the personnel strengths of each of the Selected Reserves of 
the Reserve components as a prior condition for the 
appropriation of funds for the pay and allowances for the 
Reserve components;
    In 1969 (Public Law 91-121) to require authorization of 
appropriations for the procurement of other weapons to or for 
the use of any armed force of the United States. (Essentially, 
heavy, medium, and light artillery, anti-aircraft artillery, 
rifles, machine-guns, mortars, small arms weapons, and any 
crew-fired piece using fixed ammunition);
    In 1970 (Public Law 91-441) to require authorization of 
appropriations to or for the use of the Navy for the 
procurement of torpedoes and related support equipment; and to 
require authorization of the average annual active duty 
personnel strength for each component of the Armed Forces as a 
condition precedent to the appropriation of funds for this 
purpose;
    In 1971 (Public Law 92-436) to require annual authorization 
for the average military training student loads for each 
component of the Armed Forces, and modified the provision 
relating to authorization for active duty personnel strength;
    In 1973 (Public Law 93-155) to require authorization for 
end strength civilian employment for each component of the 
Defense Department in each fiscal year;
    In 1975 (Public Law 94-106) to require the annual 
authorization of military construction of ammunition 
facilities;
    In 1980 (Public Law 96-342) to require the annual 
authorization of appropriations of funds for the operation and 
maintenance of any armed force of the activities and agencies 
of the Department of Defense (other than the military 
departments) for fiscal years beginning after September 30, 
1981; and
    In 1982 (Public Law 97-86) to require the annual 
authorization of appropriations of funds for procurement of 
ammunition or other procurement for any armed force or for 
agencies of the Department of Defense (other than military 
departments).
    Also, in 1973 these enactments were codified by section 
803(a) of Public Law 93-155 into Title 10, United States Code, 
as section 138. Section 138 was amended on several occasions 
and has been redesignated as section 114 of Title 10, United 
States Code. The law today reads as follows:

Sec. 114. Annual authorization of appropriations

    (a) No funds may be appropriated for any fiscal year to or 
for the use of any armed force or obligated or expended for--
        (1) procurement of aircraft, missiles, or naval 
        vessels;
        (2) any research, development, test, or evaluation, or 
        procurement or production related thereto;
        (3) procurement of tracked combat vehicles;
        (4) procurement of other weapons;
        (5) procurement of naval torpedoes and related support 
        equipment;
        (6) military construction;
        (7) the operation and maintenance of any armed force or 
        of the activities and agencies of the Department of 
        Defense (other than the military departments);
        (8) procurement of ammunition; or
        (9) other procurement by any armed force or by the 
        activities and agencies of the Department of Defense 
        (other than the military departments);
unless funds therefor have been specifically authorized by law.
    (b) In subsection (a)(6), the term ``military 
construction'' includes any construction, development, 
conversion, or extension of any kind which is carried out with 
respect to any military facility or installation (including any 
Government-owned or Government-leased industrial facility used 
for the production of defense articles and any facility to 
which section 2353 of this title applies), any activity to 
which section 2807 of this title applies, any activity to which 
chapter 1803 of this title applies, and advances to the 
Secretary of Transportation for the construction of defense 
access roads under section 210 of title 23. Such term does not 
include any activity to which section 2821 or 2854 of this 
title applies.
    (c)(1) The size of the Special Defense Acquisition Fund 
established pursuant to chapter 5 of the Arms Export Control 
Act (22 U.S.C. 2795 et seq.) may not exceed $1,070,000,000.
    (2) Notwithstanding section 37(a) of the Arms Export 
Control Act (22 U.S.C. 2777(a)), amounts received by the United 
States pursuant to subparagraph (A) of section 21(a)(1) of that 
Act (22 U.S.C. 2761(a)(1))--
        (A) shall be credited to the Special Defense 
        Acquisition Fund established pursuant to chapter 5 of 
        that Act (22 U.S.C. 2795(b)(1)), but subject to the 
        limitation in paragraph (1) and other applicable law, 
        and
        (B) to the extent not so credited, shall be deposited 
        in the Treasury as miscellaneous receipts as provided 
        in section 3302(b) of title 31.
    (d) Funds may be appropriated for the armed forces for use 
as an emergency fund for research, development, test, and 
evaluation, or related procurement or production only if the 
appropriation of the funds is authorized by law after June 30, 
1966.
    (e) In each budget submitted by the President to Congress 
under section 1105 of title 31, amounts requested for 
procurement of equipment for the reserve components of the 
armed forces (including the National Guard) shall be set forth 
separately from other amounts requested for procurement for the 
armed forces.
    (f) In each budget submitted by the President to Congress 
under section 1105 of title 31, amounts requested for 
procurement of ammunition for the Navy and Marine Corps, and 
for procurement of ammunition for the Air Force, shall be set 
forth separately from other amounts requested for procurement.

Sec. 115. Personnel strengths: requirement for annual authorization

    (a) Congress shall authorize personnel strength levels for 
each fiscal year for each of the following:
        (1) The end strength for each of the armed forces 
        (other than the Coast Guard) for (A) active-duty 
        personnel who are to be paid from funds appropriated 
        for active-duty personnel, and (B) active-duty 
        personnel and full-time National Guard duty personnel 
        who are to be paid from funds appropriated for reserve 
        personnel.
        (2) The end strength for the Selected Reserve of each 
        reserve component of the armed forces.
    (b) No funds may be appropriated for any fiscal year to or 
for--
        (1) the use of active-duty personnel or full-time 
        National Guard duty personnel of any of the armed 
        forces (other than the Coast Guard) unless the end 
        strength for such personnel of that armed force for 
        that fiscal year has been authorized by law; or
        (2) the use of the Selected Reserve of any reserve 
        component of the armed forces unless the end strength 
        for the Selected Reserve of that component for that 
        fiscal year has been authorized by law.
    (c) Upon determination by the Secretary of Defense that 
such action is in the national interest, the Secretary may--
        (1) increase the end strength authorized pursuant to 
        subsection (a)(1)(A) for a fiscal year for any of the 
        armed forces by a number equal to not more than 1 
        percent of that end strength; and
        (2) increase the end strength authorized pursuant to 
        subsection (a)(1)(B) for a fiscal year for any of the 
        armed forces by a number equal to not more than 2 
        percent of that end strength.
    (d) In counting active-duty personnel for the purpose of 
the end-strengths authorized pursuant to subsection (a)(1), 
persons in the following categories shall be excluded:
        (1) Members of the Ready Reserve ordered to active duty 
        under section 12302 of this title.
        (2) Members of the Selected Reserve of the Ready 
        Reserve ordered to active duty under section 12304 of 
        this title.
        (3) Members of the National Guard called into Federal 
        service under section 12406 of this title.
        (4) Members of the militia called into Federal service 
        under chapter 15 of this title.
        (5) Members of reserve components on active duty for 
        training.
        (6) Members of reserve components on active duty for 
        180 days or less to perform special work.
        (7) Members on full-time National Guard duty for 180 
        days or less.
        (8) Members of the Selected Reserve of the Ready 
        Reserve on active duty for more than 180 days to 
        support programs described in section 1203(b) of the 
        Cooperative Threat Reduction Act of 1993 (title XII of 
        Public Law 103-160; 22 U.S.C. 5952(b)).
    (e) The authorized strength of the Navy under subsection 
(a)(1) is increased by the authorized strength of the Coast 
Guard during any period when the Coast Guard is operating as a 
service in the Navy.
    [(f) Repealed. P.L. 104-106, Sec. 1061(c)(3), Feb. 10, 
1996, 110 Stat. 442.]
    (g) Congress shall authorize for each fiscal year the end 
strength for military technicians for each reserve component of 
the Army and Air Force. Funds available to the Department of 
Defense for any fiscal year may not be used for the pay of a 
military technician during that fiscal year unless the 
technician fills a position that is within the number of such 
positions authorized by law for that fiscal year for the 
reserve component of that technician. This subsection applies 
without regard to section 129 of this title.
ACTIVITIES OF THE COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES DURING THE 104TH CONGRESS 
                            (1995 AND 1996)

    The following summarizes the activities of the Committee on 
Armed Services during the 104th Congress.
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1996
    The Committee conducted its first substantive hearing for 
the 104th Congress on January 19, 1995 with an overview hearing 
on the condition of the armed services. The Committee called 
witnesses from a broad range of experiences and perspectives in 
order to obtain a sensing of the concerns of our men and women 
in uniform, the challenges they face in the current 
environment, and trends that may be developing. This was 
followed by an extensive series of hearings on the defense 
budget request for fiscal year 1996.
    The leadership of the Department of Defense and senior 
defense officials testified before the Committee in order to 
review the defense budget request. Witnesses included Secretary 
of Defense William Perry and Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of 
Staff General John Shalikashvili, the unified and specified 
commanders, the Service Secretaries, and the Chiefs of Staff of 
the Services. The defense budget request submitted by President 
Clinton would have authorized a total of $257.7 billion in 
budget authority for the National Defense function of the 
Federal budget.
    The Committee and the six subcommittees received the 
testimony of 154 witnesses in 35 hearings prior to markup of 
the authorization bill. The hearings focused on the details of 
the budget request and examined numerous matters pertaining to 
defense policy and national security.
    The Committee began its markup of the authorization bill on 
June 28, 1995, and reported S. 1026 to the Senate on July 12. 
The Committee agreed that modernization of the forces was a 
compelling problem that had to be addressed immediately. 
Responding to the shortfalls in the procurement and research 
and development accounts, identified by witnesses during the 
hearings, the Committee recommended increases in funding of 
$5.3 billion and $1.7 billion, respectively. These recommended 
increases would achieve savings and efficiencies by 
accelerating programs and procurements that had already been 
approved by the Department of Defense.
    The Committee recommended the deployment of a multiple-site 
National Missile Defense system by the year 2003 and succeeded 
in doubling the available funding for National Missile Defense, 
thus allowing for an accelerated, more robust program. The 
Committee also recommended a provision that would provide the 
Department of Defense with the direction, flexibility, and 
legislative relief necessary to develop and execute a 
comprehensive, efficient policy for the performance of depot-
level maintenance and repair during fiscal year 1996.
    The Committee recommended a total of $264.7 billion for 
fiscal year 1996, which was consistent with the fiscal year 
1996 Budget Resolution.
    The House of Representatives approved the bill proposed by 
the Committee on National Security (H.R. 1530) on June 15. The 
Senate began consideration of its version of the bill (S. 1026) 
on August 2, and approved the bill on September 6 by a vote of 
64 to 34. During the Senate's 49 hours of debate on the bill, 
115 amendments were offered and 20 roll call votes were 
recorded.
    Conferees from the Senate and the House began the process 
of reconciling the differences between the two bills. The 
conferees completed their work, and on December 13 the 
conference report was filed in the House. The House passed the 
conference report on December 15, and the Senate passed the 
report on December 19.
    The President vetoed H.R. 1530 on December 28 and conferees 
returned to work to address the President's concerns. The 
President objected to the specific requirement to deploy a 
National Missile Defense system by a date certain. Although the 
provision to which he objected was dropped in this conference, 
the debate on the issue led the Department of Defense to make 
National Missile Defense a major defense acquisition program.
    The House passed the revised conference report on January 
24, 1996, and the Senate passed the report on January 26. The 
President signed the bill into law on February 10 (Public Law 
104-106).
National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1997
    The Committee began its review of the President's defense 
budget request for fiscal year 1997 at a hearing on March 5, 
1996, when Secretary of Defense William Perry and Chairman of 
the Joint Chiefs of Staff General John Shalikashvili testified 
on the budget request. A total of 80 witnesses testified before 
the Committee in 23 hearings.
    The Committee began its markup on May 1, 1996 and reported 
to the Senate S. 1745, the National Defense Authorization Act 
for Fiscal Year 1997, on May 13. The bill as reported would 
authorize $267.3 billion in budget authority for the National 
Defense function of the Federal budget. As reported by the 
Committee to the Senate, S. 1745 sought to:

    --Guarantee our national security and the status of the 
United States as the preeminent military power;
    --Protect the quality of life of our military personnel and 
their families;
    --Revitalize the readiness of our Armed Forces;
    --Ensure U.S. military superiority by funding a more 
robust, progressive modernization program to provide required 
capabilities for the future;
    --Accelerate the development and deployment of a missile 
defense system.

    The Senate began consideration of S. 1745 on June 18. After 
19 roll call votes, the consideration of 159 amendments, and 64 
hours of debate, the Senate passed the bill on July 10 by a 
vote of 68 to 31.
    The conference to reconcile the House and Senate versions 
of the bill formally began on July 10, 1996. The House passed 
the conference report on August 1 and the Senate passed the 
report on September 10. The conferees recommended $265.6 
billion in budget authority for fiscal year 1997. Although this 
was an increase of $11.2 billion over the amount requested by 
the President, it represented a $7.4 billion decline in the 
inflation-adjusted level from fiscal year 1996.
    The principal funding increases addressed the well-
established need to modernize the Armed Forces. They included 
$6.0 billion for the procurement of aircraft, ships, and 
tactical systems, and $3.0 billion for research and 
development.
    The bill authorized a 3.0 percent increase in pay for 
members of the uniformed services, and a 4.6 percent increase 
in the quarters allowance. The bill also authorized $10.0 
million for research into any relationship between the possible 
exposure of Gulf War veterans to hazardous substances and the 
incidence of congenital birth defects and catastrophic illness 
among their children.
    The Senate had unanimously adopted, and the conferees 
subsequently retained in the bill, the Nunn-Lugar-Domenici 
Defense Against Weapons of Mass Destruction Act of 1996. The 
Act addressed, in a comprehensive manner, the Nation's 
preparedness to deal with threatened or actual use of nuclear, 
chemical, biological, or radiological weapons against our 
cities.
    The Department of Defense did not submit a satisfactory 
proposal for a policy on the performance of depot-level 
maintenance and repair; the conferees therefore chose not to 
change current law.
    The Senate passed the conference report on September 10, 
1996, by a vote of 73 to 26. The President signed the National 
Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 1997 into law on 
September 23, 1996 (Public Law 104-201).
Nominations Considered by the Committee
    During the 104th Congress, the committee considered 28 
statutory nominations for senior positions in the Department of 
Defense, nominees to be Members of the Defense Base Closure and 
Realignment Commission, the Administrator of the Panama Canal 
Commission, and a Judge of the United States Court of Appeals 
for the Armed Forces. As in previous years, the Committee 
followed a set of procedures that specifies the information and 
requirements that each nominee must fulfill as part of the 
Committee's confirmation process. Careful review was given to 
each nominee's FBI background report, financial disclosure 
statement and general qualifications for these important 
positions.
    A total of 77,528 military nominations were considered by 
the Committee during the 104th Congress. Among those considered 
were a reappointment as Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, 
a new appointment to be Vice Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of 
Staff, a new Commandant of the Marine Corps, a new Chief of 
Naval Operations, and several appointments to unified, 
specified, and combatant commander positions. The Committee 
also considered thousands of field-grade and junior officer 
promotions. These promotions of the men and women, who conduct 
and support all our military operations, were a high priority 
and of the utmost importance to the Committee.
    A number of military nominations were controversial and 
required especially close scrutiny by the Committee.
    In 1996 the Committee modified the previous standing 
requirement that the Department of Defense notify the Committee 
of any nominee who attended Tailhook and was identified as 
``potentially implicated'' by the post-Tailhook investigations.
    Accordingly, once a nominee who is identified to the 
Committee as being ``potentially implicated'' by a post-
Tailhook investigation has received the advice and consent of 
the Senate, then further certification is not required upon 
subsequent nomination of that individual. Notification will 
still be required, however, for any information which has not 
been previously reported to the Committee that meets the 
certification requirement.
    Further, the Committee directed that the Department of the 
Navy ensure all officers who would be subject to Tailhook 
certification, but who have not yet been nominated for an 
appointment requiring advice and consent of the Senate, be 
informed of all information held by the Department of the Navy 
relating to their activities during Tailhook '91. These 
officers would then be permitted to submit information on their 
behalf.
    Additionally, the Committee agreed there would be no 
requirement for the Department of Defense to provide a Tailhook 
certification pertaining to those officers who were not yet on 
active duty in September 1991.
    The Committee notes that with these modifications to the 
Tailhook certification requirement, the Department of Defense 
will no longer be required to provide a Tailhook certification 
for every nomination. The Committee believes this is a positive 
step toward concluding this chapter in the history of the 
Department of the Navy.

------------------------------------------------------------------------
                                                104th Congress          
                                     -----------------------------------
                                          1st                           
                                        Session   2d Session     Total  
------------------------------------------------------------------------
National Defense Authorization:                                         
  Days in markup....................           2           2           4
  Days on floor.....................           6           8          14
  Amendments........................         115         159         274
  Roll call votes...................          20          19          39
  Hours of debate...................          49          64         113
                                     ===================================
Hearings/Meetings:                                                      
  Full Committee....................          64          61         125
  Strategic Forces Subcommittee.....           6           6          12
  Readiness Subcommittee............           5           4           9
  Personnel Subcommittee............           5           4           9
  Acquisition and Technology                                            
   Subcommittee.....................           7           4          11
  Seapower Subcommittee.............           5           6          11
  AirLand Subcommittee..............           7           3          10
  Joint Session (Readiness and                                          
   Personnel).......................           1  ..........           1
                                     -----------------------------------
    Total...........................         100          88         188
                                     ===================================
Statutory Nominations...............          16          12          28
                                     ===================================
Military nominations:                                                   
  Army..............................      12,345      11,024      23,369
  Navy..............................      12,106       7,186      19,292
  Marine Corps......................       2,841       2,340       5,181
  Air Force.........................      18,521      11,165      29,686
                                     -----------------------------------
    Total...........................      45,813      31,715      77,528
------------------------------------------------------------------------


            1995 ACTION ON NOMINATIONS REFERRED TO COMMITTEE            
------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Date(s) of                                                          
    Committee          Date(s) of       Date of Senate       Nominee/   
    Hearing(s)      Committee Action     Confirmation        Position   
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Jan. 31, 1995....  Feb. 2, 1995.....  Feb. 23, 1995....  Hill, Eleanor, 
                                                          of Virginia,  
                                                          to be         
                                                          Inspector     
                                                          General,      
                                                          Department of 
                                                          Defense, vice 
                                                          Susan J.      
                                                          Crawford      
                                                          (NOTE: By     
                                                          unanimous     
                                                          consent on    
                                                          January 31,   
                                                          1995 the      
                                                          nomination,   
                                                          when reported 
                                                          by the Armed  
                                                          Services      
                                                          Committee, was
                                                          referred to   
                                                          the           
                                                          Governmental  
                                                          Affairs       
                                                          Committee for 
                                                          not to exceed 
                                                          20 days. On   
                                                          February 22,  
                                                          1995 the      
                                                          Governmental  
                                                          Affairs       
                                                          Committee was 
                                                          discharged    
                                                          from further  
                                                          consideration 
                                                          of the        
                                                          nomination.)  
Feb. 15, 1995....  Feb. 16, 22, 1995  Mar. 2, 1995.....  Cornella, Alton
                                                          W., of South  
                                                          Dakota, to be 
                                                          a Member of   
                                                          the Defense   
                                                          Base Closure  
                                                          and           
                                                          Realignment   
                                                          Commission for
                                                          a term        
                                                          expiring at   
                                                          the end of the
                                                          first session 
                                                          of the 104th  
                                                          Congress, vice
                                                          Peter B.      
                                                          Brown, term   
                                                          expired.      
Feb. 15, 1995....  Feb. 16, 22, 1995  Mar. 2, 1995.....  Cox, Rebecca   
                                                          G., of        
                                                          California, to
                                                          be a Member of
                                                          the Defense   
                                                          Base Closure  
                                                          and           
                                                          Realignment   
                                                          Commission for
                                                          a term        
                                                          expiring at   
                                                          the end of the
                                                          first session 
                                                          of the 104th  
                                                          Congress.     
                                                          (Reappointment
                                                          .)            
Feb. 15, 1995....  Feb. 16, 22, 1995  Mar. 2, 1995.....  Davis, General 
                                                          James B.,     
                                                          United States 
                                                          Air Force,    
                                                          Retired, of   
                                                          Florida, to be
                                                          a Member of   
                                                          the Defense   
                                                          Base Closure  
                                                          and           
                                                          Realignment   
                                                          Commission for
                                                          a term        
                                                          expiring at   
                                                          the end of the
                                                          first session 
                                                          of the 104th  
                                                          Congress, vice
                                                          Beverly       
                                                          Butcher Byron,
                                                          term expired. 
Feb. 15, 1995....  Feb. 16, 22, 1995  Mar. 2, 1995.....  Kling, S. Lee, 
                                                          of Maryland,  
                                                          to be a Member
                                                          of the Defense
                                                          Base Closure  
                                                          and           
                                                          Realignment   
                                                          Commission for
                                                          a term        
                                                          expiring at   
                                                          the end of the
                                                          first session 
                                                          of the 104th  
                                                          Congress, vice
                                                          Hansford T.   
                                                          Johnson, term 
                                                          expired.      
Feb. 15, 1995....  Feb. 16, 22, 1995  Mar. 2, 1995.....  Montoya,       
                                                          Benjamin F.,  
                                                          of New Mexico,
                                                          to be a Member
                                                          of the Defense
                                                          Base Closure  
                                                          and           
                                                          Realignment   
                                                          Commission for
                                                          a term        
                                                          expiring at   
                                                          the end of the
                                                          first session 
                                                          of the 104th  
                                                          Congress, vice
                                                          Arthur Levitt,
                                                          Jr., term     
                                                          expired.      
Feb. 15, 1995....  Feb. 16, 22, 1995  Mar. 2, 1995.....  Steele, Wendi  
                                                          Louise, of    
                                                          Texas, to be a
                                                          Member of the 
                                                          Defense Base  
                                                          Closure and   
                                                          Realignment   
                                                          Commission for
                                                          a term        
                                                          expiring at   
                                                          the end of the
                                                          first session 
                                                          of the 104th  
                                                          Congress, vice
                                                          Harry C.      
                                                          McPherson,    
                                                          Jr., term     
                                                          expired.      
Feb. 28, 1995....  Mar. 2, 1995.....  Mar. 2, 1995.....  Robles, Josue, 
                                                          Jr., of Texas,
                                                          to be a Member
                                                          of the Defense
                                                          Base Closure  
                                                          and           
                                                          Realignment   
                                                          Commission for
                                                          a term        
                                                          expiring at   
                                                          the end of the
                                                          first session 
                                                          of the 104th  
                                                          Congress, vice
                                                          Robert D.     
                                                          Stuart, Jr.,  
                                                          term expired. 
Feb. 28, 1995....  Mar. 2, 1995.....  Mar. 7, 1995.....  Cheston,       
                                                          Sheila, of the
                                                          District of   
                                                          Columbia, to  
                                                          be General    
                                                          Counsel of the
                                                          Department of 
                                                          the Air Force,
                                                          vice Gilbert  
                                                          F. Casellas.  
                   Mar. 2, 1995.....  Mar. 7, 1995.....  Challenor,     
                                                          Herschelle, of
                                                          Georgia, to be
                                                          a Member of   
                                                          the National  
                                                          Security      
                                                          Education     
                                                          Board for a   
                                                          term of four  
                                                          years, vice   
                                                          Steven Muller.
                                                          (NOTE: The    
                                                          nominee did   
                                                          not appear.)  
                   Mar. 2;..........  Aug. 11, 1995....  Ryan, Vincent  
                   June 21, 1995                          Reed, Jr., of 
                                                          Texas, to be a
                                                          Member of the 
                                                          Board of      
                                                          Directors of  
                                                          the Panama    
                                                          Canal         
                                                          Commission,   
                                                          vice Walter J.
                                                          Shea. (NOTE:  
                                                          The nominee   
                                                          did not       
                                                          appear.)      
May 2, 1995......  May 19, 1995.....  May 23, 1995.....  Krulak,        
                                                          Lieutenant    
                                                          General       
                                                          Charles C.,   
                                                          USMC, to be   
                                                          Commandant of 
                                                          the Marine    
                                                          Corps, and for
                                                          appointment to
                                                          the grade of  
                                                          general.      
May 2, 1995......  May 19, 1995.....  May 23, 1995.....  Reimer, General
                                                          Dennis J.,    
                                                          USA, to be    
                                                          Chief of Staff
                                                          of the Army,  
                                                          and for       
                                                          reappointment 
                                                          to the grade  
                                                          of general.   
June 13, 1995....  June 15, 1995....  June 21, 1995....  White, John P.,
                                                          of            
                                                          Massachusetts,
                                                          to be Deputy  
                                                          Secretary of  
                                                          Defense, vice 
                                                          John M.       
                                                          Deutch.       
                   Sept. 21, 1995...  Sept. 29, 1995...  Conway, John   
                                                          T., of New    
                                                          York, to be a 
                                                          Member of the 
                                                          Defense       
                                                          Nuclear       
                                                          Facilities    
                                                          Safety Board  
                                                          for a term    
                                                          expiring      
                                                          October 18,   
                                                          1999          
                                                          (Reappointment
                                                          ). (NOTE: The 
                                                          nominee did   
                                                          not appear.)  
Sept. 21, 1995...  Sept. 26, 1995...  Sept. 29, 1995...  Shalikashvili, 
                                                          General John  
                                                          M., USA, to be
                                                          reappointed as
                                                          Chairman of   
                                                          the Joint     
                                                          Chiefs of     
                                                          Staff and     
                                                          reappointed to
                                                          the grade of  
                                                          general.      
Sept. 29, 1995...  Sept. 29, 1995...  Oct. 27, 1995....  Douglass, John 
                                                          W., of        
                                                          Virginia, to  
                                                          be Assistant  
                                                          Secretary of  
                                                          the Navy for  
                                                          Research,     
                                                          Development   
                                                          and           
                                                          Acquisition,  
                                                          vice Nora     
                                                          Slatkin,      
                                                          resigned.     
Nov. 14, 1995....  Nov. 28, 1995....  Jan. 26, 1996....  Money, Arthur  
                                                          L., of        
                                                          California, to
                                                          be Assistant  
                                                          Secretary of  
                                                          the Air Force 
                                                          for           
                                                          Acquisition,  
                                                          vice Clark G. 
                                                          Fiester.      
Dec. 13, 1995....  Jan. 26, 1996....  Jan. 26, 1996....  Lancaster, H.  
                                                          Martin, of    
                                                          North         
                                                          Carolina, to  
                                                          be Assistant  
                                                          Secretary of  
                                                          the Army      
                                                          (Civil Works),
                                                          vice Nancy    
                                                          Patricia Dorn,
                                                          resigned.     
------------------------------------------------------------------------


            1996 ACTION ON NOMINATIONS REFERRED TO COMMITTEE            
------------------------------------------------------------------------
    Date(s) of                                                          
    Committee          Date(s) of       Date of Senate       Nominee/   
    Hearing(s)      Committee Action     Confirmation        Position   
------------------------------------------------------------------------
                   .................  .................  Money, Arthur  
                                                          L., (NOTE: See
                                                          1995 Action on
                                                          Nominations   
                                                          Referred to   
                                                          Committee.)   
                   .................  .................  Lancaster, H.  
                                                          Martin, (NOTE:
                                                          See 1995      
                                                          Action on     
                                                          Nominations   
                                                          Referred to   
                                                          Committee.)   
Jan. 26, 1996....  Jan. 26, 1996....  Jan. 26, 1996....  Ralston,       
                                                          General Joseph
                                                          W., USAF to be
                                                          Vice Chairman 
                                                          of the Joint  
                                                          Chiefs of     
                                                          Staff and for 
                                                          reappointment 
                                                          to the grade  
                                                          of general.   
Jan. 26, 1996....  Jan. 26, 1996....  Jan. 30, 1996....  Prueher,       
                                                          Admiral Joseph
                                                          W., USN to be 
                                                          Commander in  
                                                          Chief, U.S.   
                                                          Pacific       
                                                          Command and   
                                                          for           
                                                          reappointment 
                                                          to the grade  
                                                          of admiral.   
Feb. 1, 1996.....  Feb. 1, 1996.....  Feb. 1, 1996.....  Habiger,       
                                                          Lieutenant    
                                                          General Eugene
                                                          E., USAF to be
                                                          Commander-in- 
                                                          Chief, U.S.   
                                                          Strategic     
                                                          Command and   
                                                          for           
                                                          appointment to
                                                          the grade of  
                                                          general.      
Feb. 1, 1996.....  Feb. 1, 1996.....  Feb. 1, 1996.....  Shelton,       
                                                          Lieutenant    
                                                          General Henry 
                                                          H., USA to be 
                                                          Commander-in- 
                                                          Chief, U.S.   
                                                          Special       
                                                          Operations    
                                                          Command and   
                                                          for           
                                                          appointment to
                                                          the grade of  
                                                          general.      
                   Mar. 27, 1996....  Mar. 28, 1996....  DiNunno, Joseph
                                                          J., of        
                                                          Maryland, to  
                                                          be a Member of
                                                          the Defense   
                                                          Nuclear       
                                                          Facilities    
                                                          Safety Board  
                                                          for a term    
                                                          expiring      
                                                          October 18,   
                                                          2000.         
                                                          (Reappointment
                                                          ). (NOTE: The 
                                                          nominee did   
                                                          not appear.)  
Mar. 7, 1996.....  Mar. 27, 1996....  Mar. 28, 1996....  Bacon, Kenneth 
                                                          H., of the    
                                                          District of   
                                                          Columbia, to  
                                                          be Assistant  
                                                          Secretary of  
                                                          Defense for   
                                                          Public Affairs
                                                          (New          
                                                          Position).    
Mar. 7, 1996.....  Mar. 27, 1996....  Mar. 28, 1996....  Kramer,        
                                                          Franklin D.,  
                                                          of the        
                                                          District of   
                                                          Columbia, to  
                                                          be Assistant  
                                                          Secretary of  
                                                          Defense for   
                                                          International 
                                                          Security      
                                                          Affairs, vice 
                                                          Joseph Nye.   
Mar. 7, 1996.....  Mar. 12, 1996....  May 2, 1996......  Alm, Alvin L., 
                                                          of Virginia,  
                                                          to be         
                                                          Assistant     
                                                          Secretary of  
                                                          Energy        
                                                          (Environmental
                                                          Management),  
                                                          vice Thomas P.
                                                          Grumbly.      
                                                          (NOTE:        
                                                          Pursuant to an
                                                          order of the  
                                                          Senate of June
                                                          29, 1990, the 
                                                          nomination was
                                                          referred      
                                                          jointly to the
                                                          Committees on 
                                                          Armed Services
                                                          and Energy and
                                                          Natural       
                                                          Resources. On 
                                                          March 13, 1996
                                                          the Energy and
                                                          Natural       
                                                          Resources     
                                                          Committee     
                                                          reported the  
                                                          nomination.)  
                   May 2, 1996......  May 24, 1996.....  Marinakis,     
                                                          Markos K., of 
                                                          New York, to  
                                                          be a Member of
                                                          the Board of  
                                                          the Panama    
                                                          Canal         
                                                          Commission,   
                                                          vice John J.  
                                                          Danilovich.   
                                                          (NOTE: The    
                                                          nominee did   
                                                          not appear.)  
                   June 6, 1996.....  June 11, 1996....  Anderson,      
                                                          Robert E., of 
                                                          Minnesota, to 
                                                          be a Member of
                                                          the Board of  
                                                          Regents of the
                                                          Uniformed     
                                                          Services      
                                                          University of 
                                                          the Health    
                                                          Sciences for a
                                                          term expiring 
                                                          June 20, 2001,
                                                          vice Clarence 
                                                          S. Avery, term
                                                          expired.      
                                                          (NOTE: The    
                                                          nominee did   
                                                          not appear.)  
                   June 6, 1996.....  June 11, 1996....  Bristow, Lonnie
                                                          R., of        
                                                          California, to
                                                          be a Member of
                                                          the Board of  
                                                          Regents of the
                                                          Uniformed     
                                                          Services      
                                                          University of 
                                                          the Health    
                                                          Sciences for a
                                                          term expiring 
                                                          June 20, 2001,
                                                          vice Gopal    
                                                          Sivaraj Pal,  
                                                          term expired. 
                                                          (NOTE: The    
                                                          nominee did   
                                                          not appear.)  
                   June 6, 1996.....  June 11, 1996....  Jones, Shirley 
                                                          Ledbetter, of 
                                                          Arkansas, to  
                                                          be a member of
                                                          the Board of  
                                                          Regents of the
                                                          Uniformed     
                                                          Services      
                                                          University of 
                                                          the Health    
                                                          Sciences for a
                                                          term expiring 
                                                          May 1, 2001,  
                                                          vice George   
                                                          Tyron Harding,
                                                          IV, term      
                                                          expired.      
                                                          (NOTE: The    
                                                          nominee did   
                                                          not appear.)  
June 11, 1996....  June 13, 1996....  June 28, 1996....  Tilelli,       
                                                          General John  
                                                          H., Jr., USA, 
                                                          for           
                                                          reappointment 
                                                          to the grade  
                                                          of general and
                                                          to be         
                                                          Commander in  
                                                          Chief, United 
                                                          Nations       
                                                          Command/      
                                                          Combined      
                                                          Forces Command/
                                                          Commander,    
                                                          United States 
                                                          Forces Korea. 
June 11, 1996....  June 13, 1996....  June 20, 1996....  Clark,         
                                                          Lieutenant    
                                                          General Wesley
                                                          K., USA, to be
                                                          general and to
                                                          be Commander  
                                                          in Chief,     
                                                          United States 
                                                          Southern      
                                                          Command.      
June 11, 1996....  June 13, 1996....  June 20, 1996....  Kross,         
                                                          Lieutenant    
                                                          General       
                                                          Walter, USAF, 
                                                          to be general 
                                                          and to be     
                                                          Commander in  
                                                          Chief, United 
                                                          States        
                                                          Transportation
                                                          Command and   
                                                          Commander, Air
                                                          Mobility      
                                                          Command.      
                   June 13, 1996....  June 26, 1996....  Hechinger, John
                                                          W., Sr., of   
                                                          the District  
                                                          of Columbia,  
                                                          to be a Member
                                                          of the        
                                                          National      
                                                          Security      
                                                          Education     
                                                          Board for a   
                                                          term of four  
                                                          years, vice   
                                                          John P. Roche.
                                                          (NOTE: The    
                                                          nominee did   
                                                          not appear.)  
July 9, 1996.....  July 10, 11, 1996  July 12, 1996....  Effron, Andrew 
                                                          S., of        
                                                          Virginia, to  
                                                          be a Judge of 
                                                          the United    
                                                          States Court  
                                                          of Appeals for
                                                          the Armed     
                                                          Forces for the
                                                          term of       
                                                          fifteen years 
                                                          to expire on  
                                                          the date      
                                                          prescribed by 
                                                          law, vice     
                                                          Robert E.     
                                                          Wiss.         
                   July 31, 1996....  Aug. 2, 1996.....  Aleman, Alberto
                                                          Zubieta, a    
                                                          citizen of the
                                                          Republic of   
                                                          Panama, to be 
                                                          Administrator 
                                                          of the Panama 
                                                          Canal         
                                                          Commission,   
                                                          vice Gilberto 
                                                          Guardia       
                                                          Fabrega,      
                                                          resigned.     
                                                          (NOTE: The    
                                                          nominee did   
                                                          not appear.)  
                   July 31, 1996....  Aug. 2, 1996.....  Alvarez,       
                                                          Everett, Jr., 
                                                          of Maryland,  
                                                          to be a Member
                                                          of the Board  
                                                          of Regents of 
                                                          the Uniformed 
                                                          Services      
                                                          University of 
                                                          the Health    
                                                          Sciences for a
                                                          term expiring 
                                                          May 1, 1999.  
                                                          (Reappointment
                                                          ). (NOTE: The 
                                                          nominee did   
                                                          not appear.)  
July 31, 1996....  July 31, 1996....  Aug. 2, 1996.....  Estes,         
                                                          Lieutenant    
                                                          General Howell
                                                          M. III, USAF, 
                                                          for           
                                                          appointment to
                                                          the grade of  
                                                          general and to
                                                          be Commander  
                                                          in Chief,     
                                                          United States 
                                                          Space Command/
                                                          Commander in  
                                                          Chief, North  
                                                          American      
                                                          Aerospace     
                                                          Defense       
                                                          Command.      
July 31, 1996....  June 6;..........  Aug. 2, 1996.....  Johnson,       
                   July 31, 1996                          Admiral Jay   
                                                          L., USN, for  
                                                          reappointment 
                                                          to the grade  
                                                          of admiral and
                                                          to be Chief of
                                                          Naval         
                                                          Operations.   
------------------------------------------------------------------------

             NOMINATIONS FOR PROMOTIONS IN THE ARMED FORCES

    The Committee considered nominations for promotions in the 
armed services. Nominations submitted to the Senate by the 
President for confirmation resulted in the following:

                             First Session

                January 4, 1995 through January 3, 1996

Air Force nominations, totaling 18,521, disposed of as follows:
    Confirmed.....................................................13,569
    Unconfirmed................................................... 4,952
Army nominations, totaling 12,345, disposed of as follows:
    Confirmed.....................................................10,041
    Unconfirmed................................................... 2,304
Navy nominations, totaling 12,106, disposed of as follows:
    Confirmed.....................................................12,077
    Unconfirmed...................................................    21
    Returned at Sine Die Adjournment..............................     8
Marine Corps nominations, totaling 2,841, disposed of as follows:
    Confirmed..................................................... 2,832
    Unconfirmed...................................................     8
    Withdrawn.....................................................     1

                             Second Session

                January 3, 1996 through October 3, 1996

 (Second Session, 104th Congress, commenced at 12:00 noon Jan. 3, 1996)

Air Force nominations, totaling 11,165, (including 4,952 
  nominations carried over from the first session), disposed of as 
  follows:
    Confirmed.....................................................11,159
    Unconfirmed...................................................     6
Army nominations, totaling 11,024 (including 2,304 nominations 
  carried over from the first session), disposed of as follows:
    Confirmed.....................................................11,018
    Unconfirmed...................................................     6
Navy nominations, totaling 7,186 (including 21 nominations carried 
  over from the first session), disposed of as follows:
    Confirmed..................................................... 7,175
    Unconfirmed...................................................    11
Marine Corps nominations, totaling 2,340 (including 8 nominations 
  carried over from the first session) disposed of as follows:
    Confirmed..................................................... 2,339
    Unconfirmed...................................................     1
      
INVESTIGATIONS, HEARINGS, AND OTHER MATTERS NOT DIRECTLY PERTAINING TO 
                    LEGISLATION BEFORE THE COMMITTEE

                (Date of Hearing and Person or Subject)

                              ----------                              


January 10, 1995

Committee met to discuss committee organization. Executive; not 
    printed.

January 12, 1995

Committee met to receive a briefing on current operations 
    abroad and the current situation in Bosnia, North Korea, 
    Haiti and Somalia. Closed. Printed with security deletions.

January 17, 1995

Committee met to receive a briefing on the worldwide threat to 
    the United States from the Central Intelligence Agency and 
    the Defense Intelligence Agency. Open and closed. Printed 
    with security deletions.

January 19, 1995

Committee met to receive testimony on the condition of the 
    Armed Forces and future trends. Open. Printed.

January 24, 1995

Committee met to receive testimony on the requirements for 
    ballistic missile defenses. Open. Printed.

January 26, 1995

Committee met to receive testimony on the security implications 
    of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Agreement with North 
    Korea. Open. Printed.

January 31, 1995

Committee met to receive an intelligence briefing on the 
    smuggling of nuclear material and the role of international 
    crime organizations; and on the proliferation of cruise and 
    ballistic missiles. Closed. Printed with security 
    deletions.

February 2, 1995

Committee met to receive testimony from Henry A. Kissinger on 
    the foundations of U.S. National Security Strategy. Open. 
    Printed.

February 7, 1995

Committee met to receive testimony on U.S. National Security 
    Strategy. Open. Printed.

March 7, 1995

Committee and Members of the Foreign Relations Committee met 
    informally with the Defence Committee of the British House 
    of Commons to discuss NATO, the Bosnian crisis, and 
    security matters of mutual concern. Executive; not 
    recorded.

March 8, 1995

Committee and Members of the Foreign Relations Committee met 
    informally with Mr. Willy Claes, Secretary General of NATO. 
    Executive; not recorded.

March 22, 1995

Committee and Members of the Foreign Relations Committee met 
    informally with Members of the Russian Federation Council's 
    Committee on Security and Defense. Executive; not recorded.

March 29, 1995

Committee met to consider certain pending military nominations. 
    Executive; not printed.

May 10, 1995

Committee met to receive a briefing on current operations and a 
    situation update on Bosnia, North Korea, Haiti and the 
    Caribbean. (Witnesses: Lieutenant General Howell M. Estes 
    III, USAF and Rear Admiral (lower half) Thomas R. Wilson, 
    USN). Closed. Printed with security deletions.

May 11, 1995

Committee met to receive testimony on national security 
    implications of lowered export controls on dual-use 
    technologies and U.S. defense capabilities. Open. Printed.

May 17, 1995

Committee met to receive testimony on the national security 
    implications of U.S. ratification of the Strategic Arms 
    Reduction Treaty--START II. Open. Printed.

May 23, 1995

Committee met to discuss certain pending military nominations. 
    Executive; not printed.

May 26, 1995

Committee met to receive a briefing on OPLAN 40104, withdrawal 
    from Bosnia. (Witnesses: Walter B. Slocombe, Lieutenant 
    General Wesley K. Clark, USA, Lieutenant General Howell M. 
    Estes III, USAF, and John Kornblum). Closed; not printed.

June 7, 1995

Committee met to receive testimony on the situation in Bosnia. 
    (Witnesses: William J. Perry and General John M. 
    Shalikashvili, USA). Open. Printed.

June 8, 1995

Committee met to continue to receive testimony on the situation 
    in Bosnia. (Witness: General Alexander M. Haig, Jr., USA 
    (Ret.)). Open. Printed.

June 14, 1995

Committee met to continue to receive testimony on the situation 
    in Bosnia. (Witnesses: Former President of the United 
    States Jimmy Carter and General John R. Galvin, USA (Ret.), 
    Former Supreme Allied Commander-Europe). Open. Printed.

June 15, 1995

Committee met to receive testimony on the current situation and 
    U.S. policy options in Bosnia. (Witnesses: James R. 
    Schlesinger, Richard L. Armitage, and Colonel Harry G. 
    Summers, Jr., USA (Ret.)). Open. Printed.

July 13, 1995

Committee met to receive a briefing on the F-16 shootdown in 
    Bosnia and current operations. (Witnesses: Walter B. 
    Slocombe, Lieutenant General Wesley K. Clark, USA, Major 
    General Patrick M. Hughes, USA, Rear Admiral Charles W. 
    Moore, Jr., USN and Lieutenant General Howell M. Estes III, 
    USAF). Closed. Printed with security deletions.

July 26, 1995

Committee met to consider certain pending military nominations. 
    Executive; not printed.

September 18, 1995

Committee met to consider and act on the Committee's 
    recommendation for the Reconciliation Bill. Executive; not 
    printed.

September 29, 1995

Committee met to receive a briefing on the status of the Bosnia 
    peace agreement and potential use of U.S. military forces 
    in an implementation force. (Witnesses: John P. White, 
    Walter B. Slocombe, Admiral William A. Owens, USN and John 
    Kornblum). Closed. Printed with security deletions.

October 17, 1995

Committee met to receive testimony on U.S. policy on Bosnia and 
    the use of U.S. military forces to implement a peace 
    agreement. (Witnesses: Warren M. Christopher, William J. 
    Perry and General John M. Shalikashvili, USA). Open. 
    Printed.

October 25, 1995

Committee met to consider certain pending military nominations. 
    Executive; not printed.

November 28, 1995

Committee met to receive testimony on the use of U.S. military 
    forces to enforce the Bosnian peace agreement and the role 
    of NATO and other foreign nations in the implementation 
    force. (Witnesses: Brent Scowcroft, James R. Schlesinger, 
    and Paul D. Wolfowitz). Open. Printed.

December 6, 1995

Committee met to receive testimony on the Bosnian Peace 
    Agreement, the North Atlantic Council military plan and the 
    proposed mission for U.S. military forces deployed with the 
    Implementation Force (IFOR). (Witnesses: William J. Perry, 
    Richard C. Holbrooke, and General John M. Shalikashvili, 
    USA). Open. Printed.

January 23, 1996

Committee met informally with The Right Honorable Michael 
    Portillo, Secretary of State for Defence of the United 
    Kingdom to discuss U.S./U.K. relations and issues of mutual 
    concern. Executive; not recorded.

January 31, 1996

Committee met to receive a briefing and update on the civilian 
    and military implementation in Bosnia. (Witnesses: Walter 
    B. Slocombe, Major General Patrick M. Hughes, USA, 
    Lieutenant General Howell M. Estes III, USAF and 
    Christopher Lamb). Closed; not printed.

February 28, 1996

Committee met to review the role of the Department of Defense 
    Joint Requirements Oversight Council (JROC). (Witness: 
    Admiral William A. Owens, USN). Open. Printed

February 29, 1996

Committee met to receive a briefing on current operations and 
    intelligence in Bosnia. (Witnesses: Walter B. Slocombe, 
    William D. Montgomery, Rear Admiral Thomas R. Wilson, USN, 
    Rear Admiral Charles W. Moore, Jr., USN, and Raymond 
    Converse). Closed; not printed.

March 6, 1996

Committee met to receive testimony on the 1996 Ballistic 
    Missile Defense Update Review. (Witnesses: Paul G. Kaminski 
    and Lieutenant General Malcolm R. O'Neill, USA). Open. 
    Printing pending.

March 7, 1996

Committee met to consider certain pending military nominations. 
    Executive; not printed.

March 12, 1996

Committee met to consider Tailhook and related nominations. 
    Executive; not printed.

March 13, 1996

Committee met to continue to consider Tailhook and related 
    nominations. Executive; not printed.

March 26, 1996

Committee met to receive testimony on Atomic Energy Defense 
    Activities under the purview of the Acting Under Secretary, 
    Department of Energy. (Witness: Thomas P. Grumbly). Open. 
    Printing pending.

April 16, 1996

Committee met to discuss and vote on a reprogramming of funds 
    for the summer Olympics. Executive; not recorded.

May 14, 1996

Committee met to consider certain pending military nominations. 
    Executive; not printed.

June 6, 1996

Committee met informally with Members of the Standing Committee 
    of the National People's Congress, People's Republic of 
    China. Executive; not recorded.

July 9, 1996

Committee met in morning and afternoon sessions to receive a 
    report on the bombing of U.S. military facilities in Saudi 
    Arabia on June 25, 1996. (Witnesses: William J. Perry, 
    General John M. Shalikashvili, USA and General J. H. 
    Binford Peay III, USA). Open. Printing pending. (Witnesses 
    from the Central Intelligence Agency, Defense Intelligence 
    Agency and National Security Agency). Closed; not printed. 
    Members also met with Prince Bandar Bin Sultan Bin Abdul 
    Aziz, Ambassador of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to the 
    United States. Closed; not printed.

July 31, 1996

Committee met to consider certain pending military nominations. 
    Executive; not printed.

August 1, 1996

Committee met to receive an update on U.S. participation in the 
    NATO Implementation Force Mission in Bosnia. (Witnesses: 
    Walter B. Slocombe, Rear Admiral Charles W. Moore Jr., USN 
    and Lieutenant General Patrick M. Hughes, USA). Open. 
    Printing pending.

September 3, 1996

Committee met to receive a briefing on the United States 
    missile attack on Iraq. (Witnesses: Vice Admiral Thomas R. 
    Wilson, USN and Major General John A. Van Alstyne, USA). 
    Closed; not recorded.

September 5, 1996

Committee met to consider certain pending military nominations. 
    Closed; not printed.

September 10, 1996

Committee met to consider certain pending military nominations. 
    Executive; not printed.

September 11, 1996

Committee met to receive a briefing on the situation in Iraq. 
    (Witnesses: Major General James C. King, USA, Lieutenant 
    General Peter Pace, USMC and Bruce O. Riedel). Closed, not 
    printed.

September 12, 1996

Committee met to receive testimony on the situation in Iraq. 
    (Witnesses: James A. Baker, Former Secretary of State and 
    Anthony H. Cordesman, Center for Strategic and 
    International Studies). Open. Printing pending.

September 18, 1996

Committee met to receive testimony on the report of the Downing 
    Assessment Task Force on the Bomb Attack on Khobar Towers 
    in Saudi Arabia, and other issues related to U.S. policy in 
    the Middle East. (Witnesses: William J. Perry, General John 
    M. Shalikashvili, USA and General Wayne A. Downing, USA 
    (Ret.)). Open. Printing pending.

September 24, 1996

Committee met to consider certain pending military nominations. 
    Executive; not printed.

October 2, 1996

Committee met to receive testimony on the impact of the Bosnian 
    elections and the deployment of U.S. military forces to 
    Bosnia and the Middle East. (Witness: Admiral Leighton W. 
    Smith Jr., USN (Ret.), former Commander of Implementation 
    Forces in Bosnia and former Commander of Allied Forces in 
    Southern Europe). Open. Printing pending.

October 3, 1996

Committee met to receive testimony on the U.S. military forces 
    in Bosnia and President Clinton's decision to send an 
    additional 5,000 troops. (Witnesses: William J. Perry and 
    General John M. Shalikashvili, USA). Open. Printing 
    pending.

November 14, 1996

Committee met to receive a briefing on the situation in Zaire. 
    (Witnesses: William J. Perry, John P. White, Walter B. 
    Slocombe, General John M. Shalikashvili, USA, Major General 
    James C. King, USA and Major General John A. Van Alstyne, 
    USA.). Closed; not recorded.
                     ARMED SERVICES COMMITTEE STAFF

Romie L. Brownlee, Staff Director
Arnold L. Punaro, Staff Director for the Minority
Charles S. Abell, Professional Staff Member
Patricia L. Banks, Staff Assistant
John R. Barnes, Professional Staff Member
Lucia M. Chavez, Professional Staff Member
Christine K. Cimko, Communications Director
Christine E. Cowart, Special Assistant
Richard D. DeBobes, Counsel
Marie Fabrizio Dickinson, Deputy Chief Clerk
Shawn H. Edwards, Staff Assistant
Jonathan L. Etherton, Professional Staff Member
Pamela L. Farrell, Research Assistant
Richard W. Fieldhouse, Professional Staff Member
Cristina W. Fiori, Staff Assistant
Mickie Jan Gordon, Staff Assistant
Creighton Greene, Professional Staff Member
Patrick T. Henry, Professional Staff Member
Larry J. Hoag, Printing and Documents Clerk
William E. Hoehn Jr., Professional Staff Member
Melinda M. Koutsoumpas, Chief Clerk
Lawrence J. Lanzillotta, Professional Staff Member
George W. Lauffer, Deputy Staff Director
Peter K. Levine, Minority Counsel
Paul M. Longsworth, Professional Staff Member
David S. Lyles, Deputy Staff Director for the Minority
Christopher J. MacNaughton, Receptionist
Stephen L. Madey Jr., Professional Staff Member
Michael J. McCord, Professional Staff Member
John Reaves McLeod, Staff Assistant
John H. Miller, Professional Staff Member
Ann M. Mittermeyer, Assistant Counsel
Bert K. Mizusawa, Professional Staff Member
Frank Norton Jr., Professional Staff Member
Cindy Pearson, Security Manager
Sharen E. Reaves, Staff Assistant
Julie K. Rief, Professional Staff Member
Moultrie D. Roberts, Staff Assistant
Steven C. Saulnier, Professional Staff Member
Cord A. Sterling, Professional Staff Member
Scott W. Stucky, General Counsel
Eric H. Thoemmes, Professional Staff Member
James R. Thompson III, Research Assistant
Roslyne D. Turner, Systems Manager
Jennifer L. Wallace, Staff Assistant

    Appointments: Thomas G. Moore appointed January 3, 1995. Eric H. 
Thoemmes appointed January 4, 1995. Pamela L. Farrell appointed January 
6, 1995. Roslyne D. Turner appointed January 12, 1995. Mary Deas Boykin 
Wagner appointed January 24, 1995. Sharen E. Reaves appointed January 
27, 1995. Ann M. Mittermeyer appointed February 21, 1995. Connie B. 
Rader appointed March 13, 1995. Gregory J. D'Alessio appointed March 
20, 1995. Lawrence J. Lanzillotta appointed March 20, 1995. Jason A. 
Rossbach appointed March 28, 1995. Lucille R. Myers appointed May 17, 
1995. Alec M. Bierbauer appointed June 1, 1995. David Mcleod Stone 
appointed June 6, 1995. Jennifer L. Wallace appointed June 13, 1995. 
Patricia L. Banks appointed August 21, 1995. Shawn H. Edwards appointed 
August 26, 1995. Franklin H. Turner appointed October 10, 1995. Bert K. 
Mizusawa appointed November 13, 1995. Daniel B. Ginsberg appointed 
January 5, 1996. James R. Thompson III appointed January 5, 1996. Lind 
B. Morris appointed February 12, 1996. John Reaves McLeod appointed 
February 13, 1996. Paul M. Longsworth appointed May 5, 1996. Cristina 
W. Fiori appointed May 8, 1996. Larry J. Hoag, appointed June 3, 1996. 
John R. Barnes appointed June 13, 1996. Andrew B. Fulford appointed 
June 17, 1996. David S. Lyles appointed July 22, 1996. Peter K. Levine 
appointed August 1, 1996. June W. Vaughan appointed August 5, 1996. 
Christopher J. MacNaughton appointed October 8, 1996. Cord A. Sterling 
appointed October 16, 1996. Richard W. Fieldhouse appointed December 1, 
1996. Scott W. Stucky appointed December 1, 1996. Moultrie D. Roberts 
appointed December 5, 1996.

    Resignations: Pamela C. Kidd, Research Assistant, resigned January 
2, 1995. George L. Sealy, Staff Assistant, resigned January 3, 1995. 
David W. Fuchs, System Manager, resigned January 8, 1995. Christina D. 
Still, Staff Assistant, resigned January 10, 1995. Bond H. Almand, 
Receptionist, resigned February 5, 1995. Thomas K. McConnell, 
Professional Staff Member, resigned February 5, 1995. Richard D. Finn, 
Jr., Professional Staff Member, resigned February 28, 1995. Jeffrey 
Record, Professional Staff Member, resigned February 28, 1995. Kathryn 
E. Bognovitz, Staff Assistant, resigned March 3, 1995. J. Menge 
Crawford, Staff Assistant, resigned March 29, 1995. Kathleen M. 
Paralusz, Staff Assistant, resigned June 16, 1995. Thomas G. Moore, 
Professional Staff Member, resigned July 23, 1995. Lucille R. Myers, 
Receptionist, resigned August 13, 1995. Alec M. Bierbauer, Staff 
Assistant, resigned August 20, 1995. Jason A. Rossbach, Staff 
Assistant, resigned August 31, 1995. David Mcleod Stone, Staff 
Assistant, resigned October 3, 1995. John W. Douglass, Professional 
Staff Member, resigned October 28, 1995. Richard E. Combs, Jr., 
Professional Staff Member, resigned November 30, 1995. Shelley G. 
Lauffer, Staff Assistant, resigned December 15, 1995. Richard E. 
Caswell, Printing and Documents Clerk, resigned January 9, 1996. Connie 
B. Rader, Staff Assistant, resigned January 12, 1996. Richard L. 
Reynard, Staff Director, resigned March 30, 1996. Gregory J. D'Alessio, 
Professional Staff Member, resigned June 3, 1996. Franklin H. Turner, 
Staff Assistant, resigned May 29, 1996. Andrew S. Effron, Minority 
Counsel, resigned July 31, 1996. Andrew B. Fulford, Research Assistant, 
resigned August 9, 1996. Lind B. Morris, Receptionist, resigned August 
4, 1996. June W. Vaughan, Receptionist, resigned October 11, 1996. 
Daniel B. Ginsberg, Research Assistant, resigned October 15, 1996. Mary 
Deas Boykin Wagner, Research Assistant, resigned November 1, 1996. 
Donald A. Deline, General Counsel, resigned November 8, 1996. Joseph G. 
Pallone, Professional Staff Member, resigned December 31, 1996.

    Title Changes: Marie Fabrizio Dickinson from Assistant Chief Clerk 
to Deputy Chief Clerk, effective January 4, 1995. Melinda M. 
Koutsoumpas from Staff Assistant to Chief Clerk, effective January 4, 
1995. George W. Lauffer from Professional Staff Member to Deputy Staff 
Director, effective January 4, 1995. Cindy Pearson from Staff Assistant 
to Security Manager, effective January 4, 1995. Sharen E. Reaves from 
Receptionist to Staff Assistant, effective May 17, 1995. Pamela L. 
Farrell from Staff Assistant to Research Assistant, effective September 
1, 1995. Romie L. Brownlee from Professional Staff Member to Staff 
Director, effective March 1, 1996. Mary Deas Boykin Wagner from Staff 
Assistant to Research Assistant, effective April 1, 1996. Christine K. 
Cimko, from Press Secretary to Communications Director, effective April 
1, 1996.
              ARMED SERVICES COMMITTEE RULES OF PROCEDURE

                       (Adopted January 10, 1995)

    1. Regular Meeting Day and Time. In accordance with Senate 
rules, the Committee shall meet at least once a month. Regular 
meeting day of the committee shall be Tuesday and Thursday at 
9:30 a.m., unless the chairman directs otherwise.
    2. Additional Meetings. The chairman may call such 
additional meetings as he deems necessary.
    3. Special Meetings. Special meetings of the committee may 
be called by a majority of the members of the committee in 
accordance with paragraph 3 of Rule XXVI of the Standing Rules 
of the Senate.
    4. Open Meetings. Each meeting of the committee, or any 
subcommittee thereof, including meetings to conduct hearings, 
shall be open to the public, except that a meeting or series of 
meetings by the committee or a subcommittee thereof on the same 
subject for a period of no more than fourteen (14) calendar 
days may be closed to the public on a motion made and seconded 
to go into closed session to discuss only whether the matters 
enumerated below in clauses (a) through (f) would require the 
meeting to be closed, followed immediately by a record vote in 
open session by a majority of the members of the committee or 
subcommittee when it is determined that the matters to be 
discussed or the testimony to be taken at such meeting or 
meetings--

          (a) will disclose matters necessary to be kept secret 
        in the interests of national defense or the 
        confidential conduct of the foreign relations of the 
        United States;
          (b) will relate solely to matters of committee staff 
        personnel or internal staff management or procedure;
          (c) will tend to charge an individual with a crime or 
        misconduct, to disgrace or injure the professional 
        standing of an individual, or otherwise to expose an 
        individual to public contempt or obloquy or will 
        represent a clearly unwarranted invasion of the privacy 
        of an individual;
          (d) will disclose the identity of any informer or law 
        enforcement agent or will disclose any information 
        relating to the investigation or prosecution of a 
        criminal offense that is required to be kept secret in 
        the interests of effective law enforcement;
          (e) will disclose information relating to the trade 
        secrets or financial or commercial information 
        pertaining specifically to a given person if--

                  (1) an Act of Congress requires the 
                information to be kept confidential by 
                Government officers and employees; or
                  (2) the information has been obtained by the 
                Government on a confidential basis, other than 
                through an application by such person for a 
                specific Government financial or other benefit, 
                and is required to be kept secret in order to 
                prevent undue injury to the competitive 
                position of such person; or

          (f) may divulge matters required to be kept 
        confidential under other provisions of law or 
        Government regulations.

    5. Presiding Officer. The chairman shall preside at all 
meetings and hearings of the committee except that in his 
absence the ranking majority member present at the meeting or 
hearing shall preside unless by majority vote the committee 
provides otherwise.
    6. Quorum. (a) A majority of the members of the committee 
are required to be actually present to report a matter or 
measure from the committee. (See Standing Rules of the Senate 
26.7(a)(1).
    (b) Except as provided in subsections (a) and (c), and 
other than for the conduct of hearings, seven members of the 
committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of such 
business as may be considered by the committee.
    (c) Three members of the committee, one of whom shall be a 
member of the minority party, shall constitute a quorum for the 
purpose of taking sworn testimony, unless otherwise ordered by 
a majority of the full committee.
    (d) Proxy votes may not be considered for the purpose of 
establishing a quorum.
    7. Proxy Voting. Proxy voting shall be allowed on all 
measures and matters before the committee. The vote by proxy of 
any member of the committee may be counted for the purpose of 
reporting any measure or matter to the Senate if the absent 
member casting such vote has been informed of the matter on 
which he is being recorded and has affirmatively requested that 
he be so recorded. Proxy must be given in writing.
    8. Announcement of Votes. The results of all roll call 
votes taken in any meeting of the committee on any measure, or 
amendment thereto, shall be announced in the committee report, 
unless previously announced by the committee. The announcement 
shall include a tabulation of the votes cast in favor and votes 
cast in opposition to each such measure and amendment by each 
member of the committee who was present at such meeting. The 
chairman may hold open a roll call vote on any measure or 
matter which is before the committee until no later than 
midnight of the day on which the committee votes on such 
measure or matter.
    9. Subpoenas. Subpoenas for attendance of witnesses and for 
the production of memoranda, documents, records, and the like 
may be issued by the chairman or any other member designated by 
him, but only when authorized by a majority of the members of 
the committee. The subpoena shall briefly state the matter to 
which the witness is expected to testify or the documents to be 
produced.
    10. Hearings. (a) Public notice shall be given of the date, 
place, and subject matter of any hearing to be held by the 
committee, or any subcommittee thereof, at least 1 week in 
advance of such hearing, unless the committee or subcommittee 
determines that good cause exists for beginning such hearings 
at an earlier time.
    (b) Hearings may be initiated only by the specified 
authorization of the committee or subcommittee.
    (c) Hearings shall be held only in the District of Columbia 
unless specifically authorized to be held elsewhere by a 
majority vote of the committee or subcommittee conducting such 
hearings.
    (d) Witnesses appearing before the committee shall file 
with the clerk of the committee a written statement of their 
proposed testimony prior to the hearing at which they are to 
appear unless the chairman and the ranking minority member 
determine that there is good cause not to file such a 
statement. Witnesses testifying on behalf of the Administration 
shall furnish an additional 50 copies of their statement to the 
Committee. All statements must be received by the Committee at 
least 48 hours (not including weekends or holidays) before the 
hearing.
    (e) Confidential testimony taken or confidential material 
presented in a closed hearing of the committee or subcommittee 
or any report of the proceedings of such hearing shall not be 
made public in whole or in part or by way of summary unless 
authorized by a majority vote of the committee or subcommittee.
    (f) Any witness summoned to give testimony or evidence at a 
public or closed hearing of the committee or subcommittee may 
be accompanied by counsel of his own choosing who shall be 
permitted at all times during such hearing to advise such 
witness of his legal rights.
    (g) Witnesses providing unsworn testimony to the committee 
may be given a transcript of such testimony for the purpose of 
making minor grammatical corrections. Such witnesses will not, 
however, be permitted to alter the substance of their 
testimony. Any question involving such corrections shall be 
decided by the chairman.
    11. Nominations. Unless otherwise ordered by the committee, 
nominations referred to the committee shall be held for at 
least seven (7) days before being voted on by the committee. 
Each member of the committee shall be furnished a copy of all 
nominations referred to the committee.
    12. Real Property Transactions. Each member of the 
committee shall be furnished with a copy of the proposals of 
the Secretaries of the Army, Navy, and Air Force, submitted 
pursuant to 10 U.S.C. 2662 and with a copy of the proposals of 
the Director of the Federal Emergency Management Agency, 
submitted pursuant to 50 U.S.C. App. 2285, regarding the 
proposed acquisition or disposition of property of an estimated 
price or rental of more than $50,000. Any member of the 
committee objecting to or requesting information on a proposed 
acquisition or disposal shall communicate his objection or 
request to the chairman of the committee within thirty (30) 
days from the date of submission.
    13. Legislative Calendar. (a) The clerk of the committee 
shall keep a printed calendar for the information of each 
committee member showing the bills introduced and referred to 
the committee and the status of such bills. Such calendar shall 
be revised from time to time to show pertinent changes in such 
bills, the current status thereof, and new bills introduced and 
referred to the committee. A copy of each new revision shall be 
furnished to each member of the committee.
    (b) Unless otherwise ordered, measures referred to the 
committee shall be referred by the clerk of the committee to 
the appropriate department or agency of the Government for 
reports thereon.
    14. Except as otherwise specified herein, the Standing 
Rules of the Senate shall govern the actions of the committee. 
Each subcommittee of the committee is part of the committee, 
and is therefore subject to the committee's rules so far as 
applicable.
    15. Powers and Duties of Subcommittees. Each subcommittee 
is authorized to meet, hold hearings, receive evidence, and 
report to the full committee on all matters referred to it. 
Subcommittee chairmen shall set dates for hearings and meetings 
of their respective subcommittees after consultation with the 
chairman and other subcommittee chairmen with a view toward 
avoiding simultaneous scheduling of full committee and 
subcommittee meetings or hearings whenever possible.
                              PUBLICATIONS

                      104th Congress--1st Session

                                Hearings

    1. Current Operations Abroad--Bosnia, North Korea, Haiti 
and Somalia. (S. Hrg. 104-219) January 12, 1995; pages 1-52.
    2. Worldwide Threat to the United States. (S. Hrg. 104-236) 
January 17, 1995; pages 1-93.
    3. Requirements for Ballistic Cruise Missile Defenses. (S. 
Hrg. 104-7) January 24, 1995; pages 1-69.
    4. Security Implications of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation 
Agreement With North Korea. (S. Hrg. 104-188) January 26, 1995; 
pages 1-95.
    5. Intelligence Briefing on Smuggling of Nuclear Material 
and the Role of International Crime Organizations, and on the 
Proliferation of Cruise and Ballistic Missiles. (S. Hrg. 104-
35) January 31, 1995; pages 1-33.
    6. Condition of the Armed Forces and Future Trends. (S. 
Hrg. 104-297) January 19, 1995; pages 1-79.
    7. National Security Implications of Lowered Export 
Controls on Dual-Use Technologies and U.S. Defense 
Capabilities. (S. Hrg. 104-300) May 11, 1995; pages 1-62.
    8. Peace Operations. (S. Hrg. 104-301) (Hearing before the 
Subcommittee on Airland Forces.) May 3, 1995; pages 1-87.
    9. U.S. National Security Strategy. (S. Hrg. 104-314) 
February 2 and 7, 1995; pages 1-80.
    10. The Future of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization 
(NATO). (S. Hrg. 104-343) (Hearing before the Subcommittee on 
Airland Forces.) April 5, 1995; pages 1-54.
    11. Current Operations in Bosnia, North Korea, Haiti, and 
the Caribbean. (S. Hrg. 104-383) May 10, 1995; pages 1-41.
    12. National Security Implications of U.S. Ratification of 
the Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty--START II. (S. Hrg. 104-
382) May 17, 1995; pages 1-46.
    13. Department of Defense Authorization for Appropriations 
for Fiscal Year 1996 and the Future Years Defense program. (S. 
Hrg. 104-387) Hearings on S. 1026:
    Part 1: Military Posture; Unified Commands; Service 
Secretaries; Service Chiefs; Department of Energy; Ballistic 
Missile Defense. February 9, 14, 16, 23; March 2, 7, 9; April 
4; May 4, 1995; pages 1-832.
    Part 2: Seapower. (Hearings before the Subcommittee on 
Seapower.) April 4; May 9, 16, 18, 1995; pages 1-364.
    Part 3: Readiness. (Hearings before the Subcommittee on 
Readiness.) (Joint Hearing--May 15--Readiness and Personnel 
Subcommittees.) April 27; May 11, 15, 16, 1995; pages 1-656.
    Part 4: Airland Forces. (Hearings before the Subcommittee 
on Airland Forces.) March 15, 29; May 10, 1995; pages 1-172.
    Part 5: Acquisition and Technology. (Hearings before the 
Subcommittee on Acquisition and Technology.) March 14, 28, 30; 
April 6; May 5, 17, 1995; pages 1-354.
    Part 6: Personnel. (Hearings before the Subcommittee on 
Personnel.) March 16, 23, 30; April 5, 1995; pages 1-662.
    Part 7: Strategic Forces. (Hearings before the Subcommittee 
on Strategic Forces.) March 28; April 25; May 2, 16, 18, 1995; 
pages 1-427.
    14. Briefing on the F-16 Shootdown in Bosnia and Current 
Operations. (S. Hrg. 104-421) July 13, 1995; pages 1-58.
    15. Military Capabilities and Readiness. (S. Hrg. 104-471) 
(Hearing before the Subcommittee on Readiness.) March 21, 1995; 
pages 1-31.
    16. Situation in Bosnia. (S. Hrg. 104-587) June 7, 8, 14, 
15; September 29; October 17; November 28; December 6; pages 1-
403.

                       104th Congress--2d Session

    17. Department of Defense Joint Requirements Oversight 
Council (JROC). Feb. 28, 1996; pages 1-42.
    18. 1996 Ballistic Missile Defense Update Review. Mar. 6, 
1996; pages 1-xxx.
    19. Atomic Energy Defense Activities under the purview of 
the Acting Under Secretary, Department of Energy. Mar. 26, 
1996; pages 1-xxx.
    20. Receive a report on the bombing of U.S. military 
facilities in Saudi Arabia on June 25, 1996. July 9, 1996; 
pages 1-xxx.
    21. U.S. participation in the NATO Implementation Force 
Mission in Bosnia. August 1, 1997; pages 1-xxx.
    22. Situation in Iraq. September 12, 1996; pages 1-xxx.
    23. Report of the Downing Assessment Task Force on the Bomb 
Attack on Khobar Towers in Saudi Arabia and other issues 
related to U.S. policy in the Middle East. September 18, 1996; 
pages 1-xxx.
    24. Impact of the Bosnian elections and deployment of U.S. 
military forces in Bosnia and the Middle East. October 2, 1996; 
pages 1-xxx.
    25. Department of Defense Authorization for Appropriations 
for Fiscal year 1997 and the Future Years Defense Program 
hearings on S. 1745:
Part 1: Military Posture; Unified Commands; Service 
        Secretaries; Service Chiefs; Department of Energy. 
        March 5, 12, 13, 14, 19, 21, 28; April 16; May 7, 1996; 
        pages 1-xxx.
Part 2: Seapower. (Hearings before the Subcommittee on 
        Seapower.) March 19, 21, 26, 27, 28, 1996; pages 1-289.
Part 3: Readiness. (Hearings before the Subcommittee on 
        Readiness.) March 14, 21; April 17, 1996; pages 1-xxx.
Part 4: AirLand Forces. (Hearings before the Subcommittee on 
        Airland Forces.) March 15, 29, 1996; pages 1-156.
Part 5: Acquisition and Technology. (Hearings before the 
        Subcommittee on Acquisition and Technology.) March 15, 
        20, 27, 1996; pages 1-298.
Part 6: Personnel. (Hearings before the Subcommittee on 
        Personnel.) March 13, 20, 1996; pages 1-302.
Part 7: Strategic Forces. (Hearings before the Subcommittee on 
        Strategic Forces.) March 6, 13, 20, 25, 29, 1996; pages 
        1-497.

                        Hearings on Nominations

                             First Session

    26. Nominations Before the Senate Armed Services Committee, 
First Session, 104th Congress. (S. Hrg. 104-669) January 31; 
February 2, 15, 28; May 2; June 13, 29; September 21, 29; 
November 14, 28; December 13, 1995; pages 1-439.
  Eleanor J. Hill (January 31, February 2); Rebecca G. Cox 
        (February 15); Gen. James B. Davis USAF (retired) 
        (February 15); Rear Adm. Benjamin F. Montoya USN 
        (February 15); S. Lee Kling (February 15); Alton W. 
        Cornella (February 15); Wendi Louise Steele (February 
        15); Ms. Sheila Cheston (February 28); Maj. Gen. Josue 
        Robles, Jr, USA (February 28); Gen. Dennis J. Reimer, 
        USA (May 2); Lt. Gen. Charles C. Krulak, USMC (May 2); 
        Dr. John P. White (June 13); Lt. Gen. Richard E. 
        Hawley, USAF (June 29); Gen. John Shalikashvili, USA 
        (September 21); John T. Conway (September 21); John W. 
        Douglass (September 29); Arthur L. Money (November 14, 
        28); H. Martin Lancaster (December 13).

                             Second Session

    27. Nominations before the Senate Armed Services Committee, 
Second Session 104th Congress, Gen. Joseph W. Ralston, USAF 
(January 26); Adm. Joseph W. Prueher, USN (January 26); Lt. 
Gen. Eugene E. Habiger, USAF (February 1); Lt. Gen. Henry H. 
Shelton, USA (February 1); Kenneth H. Bacon (March 7); Franklin 
D. Kramer (March 7); Alvin L. Alm (March 7); Gen. John H. 
Tilelli, Jr., USA (June 11); Lt. Gen. Wesley K. Clark, USA 
(June 11); Lt. Gen. Walter Kross, USAF (June 11); Andrew S. 
Effron (July 9); Lt. Gen. Howell M. Estes, III, USAF (July 31); 
Adm. Jay L. Johnson, USN (July 31).
                              ----------                              


                                 Reports                                
104-18                                Report on the Activities of the   
                                       Committee on Armed Services, 103d
                                       Congress, First and Second       
                                       Sessions; March 24, 1995; 37     
                                       pages.                           
104-112                               National Defense Authorization Act
                                       for Fiscal Year 1996; July 12,   
                                       1995; pages 1-422.               
104-127                               Authorizing Appropriations for    
                                       Fiscal Year 1996 for Intelligence
                                       and Intelligence-Related         
                                       Activities of the United States  
                                       Government and the Central       
                                       Intelligence Agency Retirement   
                                       and Disability System, and for   
                                       Other Purposes; August 4, 1995; 3
                                       pages.                           
104-267                               National Defense Authorization for
                                       Fiscal Year 1997; May 13, 1996;  
                                       455 pages.                       
104-277                               Authorizing Appropriations for    
                                       Fiscal Year 1997 for Intelligence
                                       and Intelligence-Related         
                                       Activities of the United States  
                                       Government and the Central       
                                       Intelligence Agency Retirement   
                                       and Disability System, and for   
                                       other purposes; June 6, 1996; 6  
                                       pages.                           
                                                                        

INFORMATION REGARDING APPOINTMENT OF BOARDS OF VISITORS TO THE 
     UNITED STATES MILITARY, NAVAL AND AIR FORCE ACADEMIES

    Public Law 816 of the 80th Congress, now codified in Title 
10, U.S.C., provides a uniform procedure for the appointment of 
members of the Boards of Visitors of the Military and Naval 
Academies, and provides that there shall be appointed on or 
before the last day of every year Boards of Visitors to each of 
the Academies to be constituted as follows:

    Senate:

        Chairman of the Armed Services Committee or his 
        designee.
        *1 Senator.
        *2 members of the Senate Appropriations Committee.
                *(To be appointed by the Vice President)

    House:

        Chairman of the Armed Services Committee or his 
        designee.
        **2 Congressmen.
        **2 members of the House Appropriations Committee.
                **(To be appointed by the Speaker of the House)

    Presidential:

        6 persons, to serve for a 3-year term, 2 new members 
        appointed each year. Each Board to visit respective 
        Academy once annually.

    Boards of Visitors to the

     Military Academy: (Title 10, U.S.C., sec 4355(a).)
          1995.--Hutchison (Armed Services), Cochran 
        (Appropriations), Reid (Appropriations)
          1996.--Hutchison (Armed Services), Cochran 
        (Appropriations), Kohl (Appropriations), Levin (at 
        large)
    Naval Academy: (Title 10, U.S.C., sec. 6968(a).)
          1995.--McCain (Armed Services), Hatfield 
        (Appropriations), Mikulski (Appropriations), Sarbanes 
        (at large)
          1996.--McCain (Armed Services), Hatfield 
        (Appropriations), Mikulski (Appropriations), Sarbanes 
        (at large)
    Air Force Academy: (Title 10, U.S.C., sec. 9355(a).)
          1995.--Kempthorne (Armed Services), Burns 
        (Appropriations), Hollings (Appropriations), Exon (at 
        large)
          1996.--Kempthorne (Armed Services), Burns 
        (Appropriations), Hollings (Appropriations), Exon (at 
        large)

                               
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