[Senate Report 104-322]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
Calendar No. 497
104th Congress Report
SENATE
2d Session 104-322
_______________________________________________________________________
WATER RECYCLING PROJECTS
_______
July 16, 1996.--Ordered to be printed
_______________________________________________________________________
Mr. Murkowski, from the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources,
submitted the following
R E P O R T
[To accompany S. 901]
The Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, to which was
referred the bill (S. 901) to amend the Reclamation Projects
Authorization and Adjustment Act of 1992 to authorize the
Secretary of the Interior to participate in the design,
planning, and construction of certain water reclamation and
reuse projects and desalination research and development
projects, and for other purposes, having considered the same,
reports favorably thereon with amendments and recommends that
the bill, as amended, do pass.
The amendments are as follows:
1. On page 4, after line 2, insert the following:
(I) The City of West Jordan Water Reuse Project to
recycle and reuse water in their service area from the
South Valley Water Reclamation Facility Discharge
Waters in Utah.
(J) The Toole Wastewater Treatment and Reuse project
to reclaim and reuse water in the service area of Toole
City Sewer District, Toole, Utah.
(K) The Central-East and West-South Water Recycling
projects to reclaim and reuse water from the San
Antonio Water system Leon Creek Wastewater Treatment
Plant, San Antonio, Texas.
2. On page 4, line 5, delete ``cost.'' and insert in lieu
thereof ``cost, except that the Secretary may provide up to 50
percent of the cost of any feasibility study.''
3. At the end of the bill insert the following new section:
SEC. 3. LIMITATION ON FUNDING.
No funds may be appropriated for the construction of any
project authorized under this Act until a feasibility study has
been completed and the Secretary has determined that the
nonfederal project sponsor is financially capable of funding
the non-federal share of the project's costs. The Secretary
shall notify the Committees on Resources and Appropriations of
the House of Representatives and the Committees on Energy and
Natural Resources and Appropriations of the Senate within 120
days of a request by the non-federal sponsor of a project for a
determination of financial capability of his determination:
Provided, That, failure to make such notification within 120
days shall be deemed to constitute a determination that the
sponsor is financially capable.
Purpose of the Bill
The purpose of S. 901 is to authorize the Secretary of the
Interior to participate in 12 water reclamation and reuse
projects and 2 desalination projects.
Background and Need
Title XVI of the Reclamation Projects Authorization and
Adjustment Act of 1992 (P.L. 102-575, 106 Stat. 4006)
authorized a program of wastewater reclamation and reuse
feasibility and demonstration projects within the Reclamation
States. The Federal share of the costs was limited to 50
percent. In addition, several individual studies were directed
as well as 5 projects (San Jose, Phoenix, San Diego, Los
Angeles, and San Gabriel Basin) for which funding was limited
to 25 percent. The legislation was directed at reuse of
existing supplies and did not address desalination although
title XI did authorize a program to research and demonstrate
methods for control of salinity at Salton Sea, California with
50 percent Federal cost-sharing.
The use of reclaimed water in the arid West is significant,
especially in areas experiencing groundwater overdraft or
facing reduced freshwater supplies. While municipal uses are
the primary beneficiaries of the program, there can be
significant indirect benefits to other consumptive uses, such
as agriculture, and non-consumptive uses, such as augmenting
in-stream flows or reducing depletions.
The projects proposed in the legislation are as follows:
North San Diego County Area Water Recycling Project
Participants: Leucadia County Water District, Leucadia,
California; San Elijo Joint Powers Authority, Cardiff,
California; Olivenhain Municipal Water District, California;
City of Carlsbad, California.
The North San Diego County Area Water Recycling Project is
a regional response to the water supply problems facing
northern San Diego County, which is almost completely dependent
upon imported water from northern California and the Colorado
River. The 16,800 acre feet (AF) per year of recycled water
produced by this project will be used for landscaping, golf
courses, schools, nurseries, agricultural irrigation, and
industrial applications. The use of recycled water for these
non-potable applications will greatly reduce the demands on
scarce drinking water supplies, while also promising area
businesses a more reliable water supply, especially in times of
drought or earthquakes.
The total cost of constructing the North San Diego County
Area Water Recycling Project is expected to be about $98
million. S. 901 will authorize the Secretary of the Interior to
contribute up to 25 percent of this amount.
Calleguas Municipal Water District Recycling Project
Participants: Calleguas Municipal Water District, Thousand
Oaks, California; City of Oxnard, California.
The Calleguas Municipal Water District Water Recycling
Project, also referred to locally as the Oxnard Reclaimed Water
Project, will recycle up to 15,000 AF of water per year. This
water, which is currently discharged into the Pacific Ocean,
will instead be used to recharge the groundwater aquifers of
the Oxnard Plain Basin. The project will increase the
reliability of water supply from the currently overdrafted
Basin, while also creating a barrier to seawater intrusion,
which is currently threatening the water quality in the Basin.
The total cost of constructing the Calleguas Municipal
Water District Water Recycling Project is expected to be $80
million. S. 901 will authorize the Secretary of the Interior to
contribute up to 25 percent of this amount.
Central Valley Water Recycling Project
Participants: Salt Lake County Water Conservancy District
(SLCWCD), West Jordan, Utah; Central Valley Water Reclamation
Facility (CVWRF), Salt Lake City, Utah; Central Utah Water
Conservancy District (CUWCD), Orem, Utah.
The Central Valley Water Recycling Project will initially
recycle up to 26,700 AF per year of effluent from the Central
Valley Water Reclamation Facility. This treated effluent,
normally discharged into Mill Creek/Jordan River, will instead
receive additional treatment then be pumped to irrigation
canals for agricultural use during the warm months, and for
discharge into the Great Salt Lake during the winter. The use
of this recycled water will reduce by an equal amount water
normally acquired from Utah Lake, making 26,700 AF of water
available for conservation purposes in the Utah Lake/Jordan
River system. The conserved water will also result in relief
for CUWCD and SLCWCD from Central Utah Project (CUP) debt
repayments to the federal government.
The total cost of constructing the Central Valley Water
Recycling Project is expected to be $35 million. S. 901 will
authorize the Secretary of the Interior to contribute up to 25
percent of this amount.
St. George Area Water Recycling Project
Participants: City of St. George, Utah.
The St. George Area Water Recycling Project will initially
recycle 6700 AF of water per year, with an expected capacity of
over 15,000 AF per year as the supply of treated wastewater
increase along with the rapidly growing population of St.
George. The recycling project will initially serve four golf
courses, two schools, three city parks, and a city cemetery.
The total cost of the project is expected to be $10
million. S. 901 will authorize the Secretary of the Interior to
contribute up to 25 percent of this total.
Watsonville Area Water Recycling Project
Participant: City of Watsonville, California.
The Watsonville Area Water Recycling Project will recycle
up to 10,000 AF per year of effluent from the city's wastewater
treatment plant to be used for golf courses, Caltrans
applications and agriculture irrigation. Portions of the
recycled water will also be used for groundwater recharge and
to create a seawater intrusion barrier to protect the currently
threatened agricultural economy of the region. This water
recycling project will also serve to reduce current discharges
into Monterey Bay, a National Marine Estuary.
The total cost of constructing the Watsonville Area Water
Recycling Project will be $14 million. S. 901 will authorize
the Secretary of the Interior to contribute 25 percent of that
amount.
Southern Nevada Water Recycling Project
Participants: Clark County Sanitation District; Las Vegas
Valley Water District.
Las Vegas Valley is one of the fastest growing areas in the
United States. The recycling project would obtain lesser
quality water from the Clark County Sanitation District's
wastewater Treatment Plant to reduce the use of potable water
supplies. The project consists of two parts each estimated at a
total cost of $27.5 million. The Eastern project is estimated
to provide 8.5 million gallons per day (mgd) of reclaimed
water, while the Western Facility would provide 7.5 mgd.
The total cost for the two projects would be approximately
$55 million with a Federal contribution of 25 percent.
Albuquerque Metropolitan Area Water Reclamation and Reuse Study
Participant: City of Albuquerque, New Mexico.
The city is working with two major semiconductor companies,
Philips and Intel, to implement wastewater reuse programs. The
Intel project would inject reclaimed wastewater into an aquifer
and the Philips project will reuse wastewater for irrigation
and industrial uses. The city is beginning a feasibility study
in cooperation with Intel for the reinjection project and in
the design phase with Philips for reuse by agricultural and
industrial sectors. The total amount of wastewater reclaimed
daily could be as much as 6 mgd.
The capital costs associated with the Intel project would
be $37 million and $3 million for the 1 mgd Philips project. S.
901 would authorize the Secretary of the Interior to contribute
up to 25 percent of these costs. Two additional projects raised
at the Subcommittee hearing by the city are a demonstration
project to reclaim water from a city well from naturally
occurring arsenic that could cost about $3 million, and a full-
scale municipal wastewater reclamation and aquifer reinjection
to meet zero discharge standards imposed by EPA that could cost
$700 million. The Federal share would be 25 percent.
El Paso Water Reclamation and Reuse Project
Participant: El Paso Water Utilities Public Service Board,
El Paso, Texas
The El Paso Water Utilities Public Service Board recently
began design of a five-phase reclaimed water distribution
system for the Utilities' Northwest Wastewater Treatment Plant.
It has a capacity of 17.5 mgd. Design work is being completed
on the first two phases of the project to deliver treated and
filtered wastewater from the Northwest plant to industry,
parks, golf courses and school grounds on the west side of El
Paso. Some of the potable water conserved by the project will
be provided to colonias in the upper valley. The wastewater
reuse plan for the northwest side of the city calls for dual
piping to residential areas.
The total cost for the El Paso Water Reclamation and Reuse
Project is expected to be $15 million. S. 901 would authorize
the Secretary of the Interior to contribute up to 25 percent of
this amount.
Long Beach Desalination Research and Development Project
Participants: Central Basin Municipal Water District;
Southern California Edison Company; City of Long Beach Water
Department; Metropolitan Water District of Southern California;
Water Replenishment District of Southern California.
The proposed 5 mgd sea water desalination system will be
sited at southern California Edison's Alamitos Generating
Station in Long Beach. This cooperative demonstration project
is aimed at testing new plant designs that will lead to cost-
effective desalination technology.
The total cost of the Long Beach Desalination Research and
Development Project is expected to be $27 million. S. 901 would
authorize the Secretary of the Interior to contribute up to 50
percent of this total amount.
Las Vegas Area Shallow Aquifer Desalination Research and Development
Project
Participants: Clark County Sanitation District; Las Vegas
Valley Water District.
This project would address the potential to relieve the
sewer system of shallow groundwater flows and identify ways to
recover the saline groundwater for reuse purposes and reduce
the salinity of effluent being discharged into Lake Mead. The
reclaimed water is estimated to be suitable for groundwater
recharge as well as direct reuse by industry and agriculture.
The total cost for the project is estimated at
approximately $23 million with the Federal share authorized at
50 percent.
The Committee added four additional projects during
consideration of this legislation (two of which are combined as
the San Antonio project). Those projects are:
City of West Jordan Water Refuse Project
Participant: City of West Jordan, Utah.
This project would consist of the construction of the
facilities to treat and distribute reclaimed water for the
irrigation of public and, possibly, private properties. The
project is estimated to cost approximately $6.24 million. The
overall system would include piping, a main pump station, a
booster pump station, a storage reservoir, and polishing
filters. Reclaimed water could be pumped to the high end of the
system throughout the day and night. During periods of
irrigation, the overall demand would be met from both the
reservoir and the pump stations. The main pipeline would
connect the South Valley Water Reclamation Facility (a regional
wastewater treatment facility) to a storage reservoir near Old
Bingham Highway. The main pipeline would be located primarily
in a railroad right-of-way and consist of 24,, diameter PVC
pipe while lateral lines ranging from 6,, to 18,, diameter
would connect the main pipeline to the irrigated areas.
The reuse project would reduce the City of West Jordan's
need to obtain potable water from Salt Lake County Water
Conservancy District, which currently provides almost half of
West Jordan's supply, the balance coming from wells. The reuse
project would permit West Jordan to use reclaimed water for
non-potable needs, thereby reducing its dependence on
additional acquisitions from Salt Lake County. S. 901 would
authorize Federal sharing of 25 percent of the cost of the
project.
Toole Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Project
Participant: City of Toole, Utah.
This project consists of a treatment facility, storage
ponds for irrigation and pumping, interceptor, and other
facilities. The major costs are associated with a new
interceptor, oxidation ditches, sludge storage and dewatering,
advanced treatment, and seasonal storage. The project sponsors
believe the project is capable of serving as a regional
facility should other nearby entities elect to participate in
the future. The total cost for the project are estimated at
slightly less than $15 million with a Federal share of 25
percent.
San Antonio Wastewater Reclamation and Reuse Project
Participant: San Antonio Water System, San Antonio, Texas.
Central-East Recycling Project
This project will recycle 13,000 acre feet of non-potable
water per year for uses in the central and eastern areas of San
Antonio. Of the 13,000 af/yr., 8,100 af/yr. (62 percent will be
used for in-stream releases and 4,900 af/yr. (38 percent will
be for consumptive uses. The water source will be from San
Antonio Water System Leon Creek Wastewater Treatment Plant and
will be conveyed by two 20 mgd. Pumping stations and twenty-
four miles of large diameter pipeline. This project is
currently under design with some construction activities. River
releases will be the San Antonio River to replace water
currently pumped from Edwards wells and the Salado Creek to
enhance stream flow.
West-South Water Recycling Project
This project will recycle 13,000 to 20,000 acre feet of
non-potable water for consumptive uses in the western and
southern areas of San Antonio. Kelly Air Force Base will
receive priority for service as part of the privatizing of the
facility operations. The water source will also be the Leon
Creek Treatment Plant.
The total cost for the Central-East project is estimated to
be $30 million while the estimated cost of the West-South
project is $45 million with a federal share of 25 percent.
The Committee added an amendment that would authorize not
to exceed 50 percent of the costs of feasibility studies for
each of the projects, consistent with the funding scheme in
title XVI of the 1992 Act.
The 1992 Act fully authorized certain projects while only
authorizing feasibility studies on others. The third amendment
adopted by the Committee requires that a feasibility study be
undertaken and the Secretary make a determination of financial
capability of the non-Federal sponsor prior to appropriation of
any construction funds. This amendment is designed to address
concerns that prior to construction, there should be
feasibility studies.
At the time of the hearing on S. 901, the Committee also
received testimony on S. 1169, legislation that would authorize
a watewater reclamation project at McCall, Idaho. Unlike the
projects considered in S. 901, the Bureau of Reclamation had
identified the situation at Cascade Reservoir as an opportunity
for wastewater reclamation under the existing authority of
title XVI of the Reclamation Projects Authorization and
Adjustment Act of 1992. The Department, in response to
questions posed during the hearing, stated that the operation
of Cascade Reservoir for salmon recovery, continued recreation,
and compliance with the Clean Water Act were ``compelling
Federal interests''. The Committee concurs in the assessment by
the Department of the importance of reclamation at McCall and
believes that the unique circumstances of Cascade Reservoir and
the involvement of the Bureau in assessing alternatives for
reuse at Cascade Reservoir qualify it as eligible for funding
as a demonstration project under section 1605 of the 1992 Act.
Legislative History
S. 901 was introduced by Senator Bennett on June 8, 1995
and the Subcommittee on Forests and Public Land Management
conducted a hearing on it on December 13, 1995. The Committee
considered and ordered H.R. 1823 favorably reported, with
amendments, at its business meeting on June 19, 1996.
Committee Recommendation and Tabulation of Votes
The Senate Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, in
open business session on June 19, 1996, by a majority vote of a
quorum present, a majority of the Members voting in favor of
the measure, recommends that the Senate pass S. 901 as amended.
Committee Amendments
The Committee adopted amendments that would add projects
for West Jordan and Toole, Utah and San Antonio, Texas to the
legislation. The Committee also added an amendment conforming
the cost-share for feasibility studies to the scheme previously
enacted as part of title XVI of the 1992 Reclamation Projects
Act, and an amendment requiring a feasibility study and finding
of financial capability prior to the appropriation of any funds
for construction. These amendments are described in the
Background section of the Report.
Section-by-Section Analysis
The measure is self explanatory.
Cost and Budgetary Considerations
The Congressional Budget Office estimate of the costs of
this measure has been requested but was not received at the
time the report was filed. When the report is available, the
Chairman will request that it be printed in the Congressional
Record for the advice of the Senate.
Regulatory Impact Evaluation
The bill is not a regulatory measure in the sense of
imposing Government established standards or significant
economic responsibilities on private individuals and
businesses.
No personal information would be collected in administering
the measure. Therefore, there would be no impact on personal
privacy.
Little, if any, additional paperwork would result from the
enactment of S. 901.
Executive Communications
On October 19, 1995, the Committee on Energy and Natural
Resources requested legislative reports from the Department of
the Interior and the Office of Management and Budget setting
forth executive views on S. 901. These reports had not been
received at the time the report on S. 901 was filed. When the
reports become available, the Chairman will request that they
be printed in the Congressional Record for the advice of the
Senate. During the hearing by the Subcommittee, the Department
of the Interior testified on S. 901. A copy of their prepared
testimony follows:
Statement of Neil Stessman, Regional Director, Great Plains
Region, Bureau of Reclamation, Department of the Interior
Thank you for the opportunity to present the
Administration's views on S. 901 and S. 1169,
legislation to authorize the Secretary of the Interior
to participate in the design, planning, and
construction of certain water reclamation and reuse
projects, and for other purposes.
The Administration strongly supports wastewater
reclamation and reuse efforts, such as municipal,
industrial, domestic, and agricultural wastewater reuse
and recycling. By sharing its strong technical
expertise and its knowledge of emerging critical
technologies surrounding those efforts, the Bureau of
Reclamation can assist States and local communities in
solving contemporary water supply problems. In
effecting its mission as a water resources management
agency, Reclamation is charged with developing and
implementing innovative solutions, in cooperative
arrangements with others, which ``encourage
conservation and improvements in the efficiency of use
of already developed water and hydroelectric
supplies.''
S. 901 would expand the Secretary of the Interior's
existing authority in Title XVI of Public Law 102-575
to undertake a reclamation wastewater program by
directing him to participate in eight additional site-
specific projects in California, Utah, Nevada, New
Mexico, and Texas. The Federal government would
contribute up to 25 percent of the design, planning and
construction costs for each project. In addition, S.
901 authorizes the Secretary to fund as much as 50
percent of the design, planning and construction costs
for desalination projects in Los Angeles and Clark
Counties, in California and Nevada, respectively.
S. 1169 would authorize the Secretary to participate
in the planning, design and construction of facilities
to reclaim and reuse wastewater from the McCall
Wastewater Treatment Plan in Idaho. The Federal share
for the costs of the facilities may not exceed 50
percent of the total costs.
Although the Administration believes that wastewater
reclamation and reuse projects should be part of the
solution for many communities in the western United
States, we are concerned about undertaking a new, major
Federal funding commitment without a careful
examination of the need for Federal funding of
additional construction. Because S. 901 and S. 1169
would expand the Federal government's role in funding
new construction, they could impede efforts by the
Administration and the Congress to reduce the deficit.
As drafted, the Administration cannot support S. 901
and S. 1169. S. 901 would authorize the expenditures of
hundreds of millions of Federal dollars for projects
requiring multi-year funding commitments. Under S. 901,
the Federal government would fund up to 50 percent of
the costs of the two desalting plants and up to 25
percent of the costs of the eight recycling and reuse
projects. There are no limits on the total costs of any
of the projects. Given the current budget climate and
competing demands within our reduced construction
budget, the Department of the Interior and Bureau of
Reclamation cannot justify authorizing funding for an
expansion of the wastewater reclamation and reuse
construction program within our reduced construction
program without having been directly involved in the
assessment of the need for, and alternatives to, the
proposed projects.
S. 1169 directs the Secretary to fund up to 50
percent of the planning, design, and construction costs
of the Idaho wastewater reclamation and reuse facility.
Public Law 102-575 provided for Federal participation
up to 25 percent of the total planning, designing and
construction costs of the projects authorized in Title
XVI. Again, the current budgetary climate will not
support an increase in the Federal cost share for any
new construction of Title XVI projects.
To date, we have not completed construction of any of
the wastewater reclamation and reuse projects
authorized in Public Law 102-575. In fiscal year 1995,
Reclamation spent $19 million to fund four construction
projects authorized in Public Law 102-575--San Jose
Area Water Reclamation and Reuse Program, San Diego
Area Water Reclamation Program, Los Angeles Area Water
Reclamation and Reuse Project and the San Gabriel
Demonstration Project. We anticipate additional
spending in fiscal years 1996 and 1997 for these
projects.
Reclamation also has funded a number of studies
authorized in Public Law 102-575. For example,
Reclamation anticipates completion of the Southern
California Comprehensive Water Reclamation and Reuse
Study in fiscal year 1998. This study will outline a
long-range water supply and reclaimed water management
program for the southern California coastal and inland
valley area. The study will focus on more efficiently
using existing water resources, including the use of
reclaimed water, to meet community water needs.
The San Francisco Area Water Reclamation Study is
examining the feasibility of using reclaimed water
produced in the San Francisco Bay area for export and
reuse elsewhere in California. This study will be
completed in fiscal year 1997. Reclamation also
anticipates completing the Tucson/Phoenix Water
Conservation and Exchange Study this fiscal year.
Because desalting technology is fairly well-
established, future Federal investment in this
technology is questionable. We believe the private
sector or local governmental agencies should fund any
additional desalting facilities.
Mr. Chairman, the Department believes that Title XVI
of Public Law 102-575 gives the Secretary adequate
authority to identify opportunities for water
reclamation and reuse projects. The Federal government
should be involved in the assessment of alternative
approaches to resolving growing water demands, such as
water reuse and recycling programs, where a compelling
Federal interest has been identified. At this time we
simply do not know which additional projects, if any,
the Federal government should fund. At a minimum we
urge Congress to amend S. 901 to authorize feasibility
studies to determine whether these particular projects
may warrant Federal funding, to develop objective
criteria to establish Federal priorities among them,
and to limit the scope of the proposed projects.
Similarly, we would urge Congress to amend S. 1169 to
cap the Federal contribution to the costs of planning,
designing and constructing the wastewater reclamation
and reuse facilities at 25 percent. Otherwise, given
out severe budget constraints, we believe S. 901 and S.
1169, if enacted in their current form, may raise
unrealistic expectations on the part of State and local
communities.
Thank you for the opportunity to testify. I am
pleased to answer any of your questions.
Changes in Existing Law
In compliance with paragraph 12 of rule XXVI of the
Standing Rules of the Senate, changes in existing law made by
the bill, S. 901, as ordered reported, are shown as follows
(existing law proposed to be omitted is enclosed in black
brackets, new matter is printed in italic, existing law in
which no change is proposed is shown in roman):
[Public Law 102-575, 102d Congress]
AN ACT To authorize additional appropriations for the construction of
the Buffalo Bill Dam and Reservoir, Shoshone Project, Pick-Sloan
Missouri Basin Program, Wyoming.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of
the United States of America in Congress assembled,
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``Reclamation Projects
Authorization and Adjustment Act of 1992''.
SEC. 2. DEFINITION AND TABLE OF CONTENTS.
For purposes of this Act, the term ``Secretary'' means the
Secretary of the Interior.
* * * * * * *
TITLE XVI--RECLAMATION WASTEWATER AND GROUNDWATER STUDIES
SEC. 1601 SHORT TITLE.
This title may be referred to as the ``Reclamation
Wastewater and Groundwater Study and Facilities Act''.
SEC. 1602. GENERAL AUTHORITY.
(a) The Secretary of the Interior (hereafter
``Secretary''), acting pursuant to the Reclamation Act of 1902
(Act of June 17, 1902, 32 Stat. 388) and Acts mandatory thereof
and supplementary thereto (hereafter ``Federal reclamation
laws''), is directed to undertake a program to investigate and
identify opportunities for reclamation and reuse of municipal,
industrial, domestic, and agricultural wastewater, and
naturally impaired ground and surface waters, for the design
and construction of demonstration and permanent facilities to
reclaim and reuse wastewater, and to conduct research,
including desalting, for the reclamation of wastewater and
naturally impaired ground and surface waters.
(b) Such program shall be limited to the States and areas
referred to in section 1 of the Reclamation Act of 1902 (Act of
June 17, 1902, 32 Stat. 388) as amended.
(c) The Secretary is authorized to enter into such
agreements and promulgate such regulations as may be necessary
to carry out the purposes and provisions of this title.
(d) The Secretary shall not investigate, promote or
implement, pursuant to this title, any project intended to
reclaim and reuse agricultural wastewater generated in the
service area of the San Luis Unit of the Central Valley
Project, California, except those measures recommended for
action by the San Joaquin Valley Drainage Program in the report
entitled ``A Management Plan for Agricultural Subsurface
Drainage and Related Problems on the Westside San Joaquin
Valley'' (September 1990).
(e) Participation in Certain Projects.--
(1) In general.--The Secretary, in cooperation with
the appropriate State and local authorities, is
authorized to participate in the design, planning, and
construction of the following water reclamation and
reuse projects:
(A) The North San Diego County Area Water
Recycling Project, consisting of projects to
reclaim and reuse water in the service areas of
the San Elijo Joint Powers Authority, the
Leucadia County Water District, and the
Olivenhain Municipal Water District,
California.
(B) The Calleguas Municipal Water District
Water Recycling Project to reclaim and reuse
water in the service area of the Calleguas
Municipal Water District in Ventura,
California.
(C) The Central Valley Water Recycling
Project to reclaim and reuse water in the
service areas of the Central Valley Reclamation
Facility and the Salt Lake County Water
Conservancy District in Utah.
(D) The St. George Area Water Recycling
Project to reclaim and reuse water in the
service area of the Washington County Water
Conservancy District in Utah.
(E) The Watsonville Area Water Recycling
Project, in cooperation with the city of
Watsonville, California, to reclaim and reuse
water in the Pajaro Valley in Santa Cruz
County, California.
(F) The Southern Nevada Water Recycling
Project to reclaim and reuse water in the
service area of the Southern Nevada Water
Authority in Clark County, Nevada.
(G) The Albuquerque Metropolitan Area Water
Reclamation and Reuse Study, in cooperation
with the city of Albuquerque, New Mexico, to
reclaim and reuse industrial and municipal
wastewater and reclaim and use naturally
impaired ground water in the Albuquerque
metropolitan area.
(H) The El Paso Water Reclamation and Reuse
Project to reclaim and reuse wastewater in the
service area of the El Paso Water Utilities
Public Service Board.
(I) The City of West Jordan Water Reuse
Project to recycle and reuse water in their
service area from the South Valley Water
Reclamation Facility Discharge Waters in Utah.
(J) The Toole Wastewater Treatment and Reuse
project to reclaim and reuse water in the
service area of Toole City Sewer District,
Toole, Utah.
(K) The Central-East and West-South Water
Recycling projects to reclaim and reuse water
from the San Antonio Water system Leon Creek
Wastewater Treatment Plant, San Antonio, Texas.
(2) Federal share.--The Federal share of the cost of
a project described in paragraph (1) shall not exceed
25 percent of the total cost, except that the Secretary
may provide up to 50 percent of the cost of any
feasibility study.
(3) No funding for operation and maintenance.--The
Secretary shall not provide funds for the operation or
maintenance of a project described in paragraph (1).
* * * * * * *
SEC. 1605. RESEARCH AND DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS.
[The Secretary] (a) In General.--The Secretary is
authorized to conduct research and to construct, operate, and
maintain cooperative demonstration projects for the development
and demonstration of appropriate treatment technologies for the
reclamation of municipal, industrial, domestic, and
agricultural wastewater, and naturally impaired ground and
surface waters. The Federal share of the costs of demonstration
projects shall not exceed 50 percent of the total cost
including operation and maintenance. Rights to inventions
developed pursuant to this section shall be governed by the
provisions of the Stevenson-Wydler Technology Innovation Act of
1980 (Pub. L. 96-480) as amended by the Technology Transfer Act
of 1986 (Pub. L. 99-502).
(b) Long Beach Desalination Research and Development
Project.--
(1) In general.--The Secretary, in cooperation with
the city of Long Beach, the Central Basin Municipal
Water District, and the Metropolitan Water District of
Southern California, may participate in the design,
planning, and construction of the Long Beach
Desalination Research and Development Project in Los
Angeles County, California.
(2) Federal share.--The Federal share of the cost of
the project described in paragraph (1) shall not exceed
50 percent of the total.
(3) No funding for operation and maintenance.--The
Secretary shall not provide funds for the operation or
maintenance of the project described in paragraph (1).
(c) Las Vegas Area Shallow Aquifer Desalination Research
and Development Project.--
(1) In general.--The Secretary, in cooperation with
the Southern Nevada Water Authority, may participate in
the design, planning, and construction of the Las Vegas
Area Shallow Aquifer Desalination Research and
Development Project in Clark County, Nevada.
(2) Federal share.--The Federal share of the cost of
the project described in paragraph (1) shall not exceed
50 percent of the total.
(3) No funding for operation and maintenance.--The
Secretary shall not provide funds for the operation or
maintenance of the project described in paragraph (1).
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