[House Report 104-363]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]



104th Congress                                                   Report
                        HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

 1st Session                                                    104-363
_______________________________________________________________________


 
               THURGOOD MARSHALL UNITED STATES COURTHOUSE

                                _______


 November 28, 1995.--Referred to the House Calendar and ordered to be 
                                printed

_______________________________________________________________________


 Mr. Shuster, from the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, 
                        submitted the following

                              R E P O R T

                        [To accompany H.R. 653]

      [Including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office]

    The Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, to whom 
was referred the bill (H.R. 653) to designate the United States 
courthouse under construction in White Plains, New York, as the 
``Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse'', having 
considered the same, report favorably thereon without amendment 
and recommend that the bill do pass.
    Thurgood Marshall was born in Baltimore, Maryland, July 2, 
1908. His father, William C. Marshall, was a club steward and 
his mother Norma A. Marshall, was a primary school teacher. In 
1930 he graduated cum laude from Lincoln University in Chester, 
Pennsylvania. Three years later, he graduated at the top of his 
class from the Howard University School of Law, having been 
denied, by virtue of his race, access to the Maryland law 
school he originally wished to attend.
    As a graduate of college and professional school during the 
Great Depression, Thurgood Marshall was a member of the black 
elite, a term defined by W.E.B. Dubois as the ``talented 
tenth.'' However, he was constrained by a social structure 
which tended to frustrate the aspirations of black people. At 
the time Justice Marshall graduated from law school, fewer than 
one percent of all attorneys in the country were of African 
decent.
    Upon graduation from law school, Justice Marshall embarked 
on a legal career with the National Association for the 
Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). In 1940, he became the 
head of the newly formed NAACP Legal Defense and Education 
Fund, a post that he held for twenty years. It was during this 
tenure as Chief Counsel that Justice Marshall organized efforts 
to end segregation in voting, housing, public accommodations, 
and education. These efforts led to a series of cases grouped 
under the title of Brown v. Board of Education, in which 
Marshall argued and convinced the Supreme Court to declare 
segregation in public schools unconstitutional.
    In 1961, Marshall was appointed to the Second Circuit Court 
of Appeals by President John F. Kennedy. Four years after he 
received appointment to the appeals court, President Lyndon B. 
Johnson chose Justice Marshall to be the nation's first black 
solicitor general.
    Two years later, on June 13, 1967, President Johnson chose 
Marshall to become the first black justice of the Supreme Court 
where he served with distinction until his retirement in 1991. 
He died in 1993.
    It is fitting to name a courthouse in honor of this 
American who believed in equal justice for all Americans, and 
devoted his life to obtaining the values which we all hold 
dear.

                        compliance with rule xi

    Will respect to the requirements of clause 2(l)(3) of rule 
XI of the Rules of the House of Representatives:
    (1) The Committee held hearings on this legislation on June 
15, 1995.
    (2) The requirements of section 308(a)(1) of the 
Congressional budget Act of 1974 are not applicable to this 
legislation since it does not provide new budget authority or 
new or increased tax expenditures.
    (3) The Committee has received no report from the Committee 
on Government Reform and Oversight of oversight findings and 
recommendations arrived at under clause 4(C)(2) of rule X of 
the Rules of the House of Representatives.
    (4) With respect to clause 2(l)(3)(C) of rule XI of the 
Rules of the House of Representatives and section 403 of the 
Congressional Budget Act of 1974, a cost estimate by the 
Congressional Budget Office was received by the Committee. The 
report follows:

                                     U.S. Congress,
                               Congressional Budget Office,
                                 Washington, DC, November 20, 1995.
Hon. Bud Shuster,
Chairman, Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, House of 
        Representatives, Washington, DC.
    Dear Mr. Chairman: The Congressional Budget Office has 
reviewed H.R. 653, a bill to designate the United States 
courthouse under construction in White Plains, New York, as the 
``Thurgood Marshall United States Courthouse.'' The bill was 
ordered reported by the House Committee on Transportation and 
Infrastructure on November 16, 1995.
    We estimate that enacting this bill would result in no 
significant cost to the federal government and in no cost to 
state or local governments. The bill would not affect direct 
spending or receipts. Therefore, pay-as-you-go procedures would 
not apply.
    If you wish further details on this estimate, we will be 
pleased to provide them. The CBO staff contact is John R. 
Righter.
            Sincerely,
                                              James L. Blum
                                   (For June E. O'Neill, Director).

                     inflationary impact statement

    Under (2)(l)(4) of rule XI of the Rules of the House of 
Representatives, the Committee on Transportation and 
Infrasturcture estimates that the enactment of H.R. 653 will 
have no significant inflationary impact on prices and costs in 
the operation of the national economy.

                          cost of legislation

    Clause 7(a) of rule XIII of the Rules of the House of 
Representatives requires a statement of the estimated cost to 
the United States which will be incurred in carrying out H.R. 
653, as reported, in fiscal year 1996, and each of the 
following 5 years. The implementation of this legislation is 
not expected to result in any increased costs to the United 
States.

                       committee action and vote

    In compliance with clause (2)(l)(2) (A) and (B) of rule XI 
of the Rules of the House of Representatives, at a meeting of 
the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure on November 
16, 1995, a quorum being present, H.R. 653 was unanimously 
approved by voice vote and ordered reported.