[Congressional Record (Bound Edition), Volume 162 (2016), Part 2]
[House]
[Page 2506]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]




            UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON THE LAW OF THE SEA

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair recognizes the gentleman from 
Connecticut (Mr. Courtney) for 5 minutes.
  Mr. COURTNEY. Mr. Speaker, in a few moments this morning, I will be 
introducing a House resolution, a bipartisan House resolution, with 
Congressman Don Young from the State of Alaska calling on the Senate 
to, once and for all, ratify the U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea 
Treaty.
  Mr. Speaker, this is a treaty which was negotiated by the Reagan 
administration back in the late 1980s. It is a treaty which has been 
endorsed by Democratic Presidents, Republican Presidents, Condoleeza 
Rice, and military leadership of all stripes, to create a system of 
rules of the road in terms of maritime disputes.
  As I said, the military leadership of this country has been adamant 
and consistent year in and year out about the need for our country to 
join 166 other countries in the world in terms of ratifying this 
treaty. As Marine General Joe Dunford said a short time ago, the 
Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff: ``We undermine our leverage by 
not signing up to the same rule book by which we are asking other 
countries to accept.''
  Today, as this map shows, all the purple countries are those that 
have ratified the treaty, and the blue countries are those that have 
not. The United States joins the following company in terms of refusing 
to ratify this treaty: North Korea, Iran, Syria, Libya, and Venezuela.
  Now, again, this is a measure which has been debated over the years, 
and it has been, I would argue, sort of a Washington, D.C., parlor game 
in terms of the theoretical impact that it may or may not have; but in 
recent months, the need to do this has become much sharper and clearer.
  This past week at the House Committee on Armed Services, which I 
serve on, and I am the ranking member of the Subcommittee on Seapower 
and Projection Forces, Admiral Harry Harris testified. He is our 
commander of PACOM. He has all of Asia-Pacific, the region of the world 
where China today is blatantly violating maritime law by creating 
islands out of nothing, creating landing strips and militarizing those 
new land masses in a clear attempt to, again, violate the U.N. 
Convention on the Law of the Sea Treaty by creating an economic zone 
that is going to interfere with the free passage of commercial traffic. 
Ninety-five percent of the world's commodities go by sea. Their 
intentions are crystal clear.
  Admiral Harris, when he testified the other day, made it also very 
clear that ``acceding to the convention''--the Law of the Sea Treaty--
``gives us the moral high ground to criticize those countries that 
would seek to inhibit freedom of maneuver in the oceans and airspace 
around the world, including the Asia-Pacific region.''
  Interestingly, the following day, General Philip Breedlove, the 
commander of NATO, European Command for the U.S., came in and without 
any prompting testified to exactly the same policy position because 
what he is seeing in his region of the world is that a resurgent Russia 
is militarizing the Arctic Circle, that they are using this, again, 
melting of the ice cap as an opportunity to militarize that region of 
the world and try and control what is going to be a maritime passage, 
where both military assets and commercial traffic are going to move 
back and forth.
  General Breedlove, again, made exactly the same point: we need to get 
into the game. This was made crystal clear just a few months ago. The 
Government of the Philippines, to its credit, has challenged China. 
They filed an application before The Hague, citing the Law of the Sea 
Treaty, that what they are doing in the South China Sea blatantly 
violates international law.
  The United States asked not to participate directly as a party, 
because we haven't ratified the treaty, but simply to be an observer, 
to be a friend of the court to be able to contribute ideas and data--
which our Navy has more than any other Navy in the world--and we were 
denied observer status because we have not ratified this treaty.
  So right now people are hard at work in The Hague writing the rules 
of the road in terms of maritime issues that are going to determine 
budgets. And, again, I am the ranking member of the Subcommittee on 
Seapower and Projection Forces, so this is driving a lot of decisions 
about building submarines and surface ships and stronger munitions 
because of what is happening in the South China Sea.
  It is also going to be driving the outcomes of what is happening with 
resurgent Russia. Putin is not kidding around in terms of what he is 
doing in the Arctic Circle or in the North Atlantic. General Breedlove 
made that very clear. We are playing, right now, zone defense in terms 
of what is happening in that region of the world.
  It is time for the Congress to listen, if nothing else, to our 
military leadership and recognize the international Law of the Sea 
Treaty, which 166 nations in the world have ratified. It is time for 
the U.S. to get in the game, get off the bleachers, and be able to set 
those rules because it is going to determine, for decades to come, 
decisions that this body is going to be stuck with if we are not part 
of that process.
  Again, our military leadership, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of 
Staff, our CNO of the Navy, the head of the Coast Guard, they have all 
been very clear and public about the fact that it is time for this 
Nation to get into the game and endorse the international Law of the 
Sea Treaty.
  I am very pleased that Congressman Young is joining me in this 
effort. I urge all Members to support this resolution which will be 
filed this morning.

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