[Congressional Record (Bound Edition), Volume 161 (2015), Part 4]
[House]
[Pages 4583-4586]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]




                   CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY STATEMENT

  Pursuant to clause 7 of rule XII of the Rules of the House of 
Representatives, the following statements are submitted regarding the 
specific powers granted to Congress in the Constitution to enact the 
accompanying bill or joint resolution.

            By Mr. GUTHRIE:
       H.R. 1641.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 3
       To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the 
     several States, and with the Indian Tribes;
            By Mr. JONES:
       H.R. 1642.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 4, Section 3, Clause 2
       Article 1, Section 8, Clause 17
            By Mr. SMITH of Texas:
       H.R. 1643.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 of the U.S. Constitution--
     known as the Commerce Clause, and Section 5 of the Fourteenth 
     Amendment.
            By Mr. MOONEY of West Virginia:
       H.R. 1644.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, clause 18
            By Mr. VEASEY:
       H.R. 1645.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Commerce Clause (Art. 1. sec. 8 cl. 3)
       Necessary and Proper Clause (Art.1 Sec. 8 cl. 18)
            By Mrs. WATSON COLEMAN:
       H.R. 1646.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       The U.S. Constitution including Article 1, Section 8.
            By Mr. FLORES:
       H.R. 1647.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 4, Section 3, Clause 2
            By Mr. LAMBORN:
       H.R. 1648.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 1 Section 8 and Article IV, Section 3.
           By Mr. LAMBORN:
       H.R. 1649.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Section 8 of article 1 of the Constitution
            By Mr. TOM PRICE of Georgia:
       H.R. 1650.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Medicare is a health care program under current law that is 
     operated by the federal government. This bill would improve 
     the efficiency, accessibility and fairness of the operations 
     of this federal program, especially the purchase of services 
     and freedom to contract between doctors and Medicare 
     recipients. This bill directly affects interstate commerce, 
     which Congress has the power to regulate under Article I, 
     Section 8, Clause 3.
            By Mr. NEWHOUSE:
       H.R. 1651.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article IV, Section 3, Clause 2: ``The Congress shall have 
     power to dispose of and make all needful rules and 
     regulations respecting the territory or other property 
     belonging to the United States; and nothing in this 
     Constitution shall be so construed as to prejudice any claims 
     of the United States, or of any particular state.''
           By Mr. CARTWRIGHT:
       H.R. 1652.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 2: The Congress shall have 
     power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises, 
     to pay the debts and provide for the common defense and 
     general welfare of the United States; but all duties, imposts 
     and excises shall be uniform throughout the United States;
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 3: To regulate commerce with 
     foreign nations, and among the several states, and with the 
     Indian tribes;
            By Mrs. DINGELL:
       H.R. 1653.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I Section 8.
            By Mr. ROYCE:
       H.R. 1654.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution
            By Mr. FITZPATRICK:
       H.R. 1655.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 1
            By Mr. GOODLATTE:
       H.R. 1656.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       The authority to enact this bill is derived from, but may 
     not be limited to, Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 of the 
     United States Constitution.
            By Mr. MARCHANT:
       H.R. 1657.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       U.S. Constitution Art. I Sec. 8 cl. 1, under the ``Power To 
     lay and collect Taxes'';
       Amd. 16, under the ``power to lay and collect taxes on 
     incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment 
     among the several States, and without regard to any census or 
     enumeration'';
       Art. I Sec. 8 cl. 4, under the power ``To establish an 
     uniform Rule of Naturalization''; and
       Art. I Sec. 8 cl. 18, under the power to ``To make all Laws 
     which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into 
     Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested 
     by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, 
     or in any Department or Officer thereof.''
            By Mr. JODY B. HICE of Georgia:
       H.R. 1658.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 of the Constitution states 
     ``To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the 
     several States, and with the Indian Tribes.''
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 18 of the Constitution states 
     ``To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for 
     carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other 
     Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the 
     United States or in any Department or Officer thereof''
            By Mr. FINCHER:
       H.R. 1659.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 1, Section 8, Clause 3
           By Mr. ROTHFUS:
       H.R. 1660.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 of the Constitution of the 
     United States ``[t]o regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, 
     and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes.''
            By Mr. ROTHFUS:
       H.R. 1661.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 of the Constitution of the 
     United States ``[t]o regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, 
     and among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes.''
           By Mr. ELLISON:
       H.R. 1662.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 7, Clause 1 and Section 8, Clause 1.

[[Page 4584]]


            By Mr. MURPHY of Pennsylvania:
       H.R. 1663.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       This bill is enacted pursuant to the power granted to the 
     Congress under Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 of the United 
     States Constitution, and Article IV, Section 3, Clause 2 of 
     the United States Constitution.
            By Mr. CULBERSON:
       H.R. 1664.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       The 10th Amendment to the United States Constitution.
            By Mr. YOUNG of Indiana:
       H.R. 1665.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 1
       The Congress shall have the Power to lay and collect Taxes, 
     Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debt and provide for 
     the common Defense and general Welfare of the United States; 
     but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform 
     throughout the United States.
            By Mr. GRAVES of Missouri:
       H.R. 1666.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 1 Section 8
       ``. . . and provide for the . . . general welfare of the 
     United States . . . ''
       ``. . . to make all Laws which shall be necessary and 
     proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers . . 
     .''
       This legislation seeks to reform federal government 
     contracting procedures under Section 3309 of title 41, U.S. 
     Code.
            By Mrs. LUMMIS:
       H.R. 1667.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, clause 18 of the United States 
     Constitution: To make all Laws which shall be necessary and 
     proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and 
     all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the 
     Government of the United States, or in any Department or 
     Officer thereof.
            By Mr. McCLINTOCK:
       H.R. 1668.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article IV, Section 3, Clause 2 (the Property Clause), 
     which confers on Congress the power to make all needful Rules 
     and Regulations respecting the property belonging to the 
     United States.
            By Mr. STEWART:
       H.R. 1669.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 1 Section 8 of the Constitution gives Congress the 
     authority to enact this legislation.
           By Mr. LYNCH:
       H.R. 1670.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 1 section 8 Clause 18 of the United States 
     Constitution.
            By Mr. MULVANEY:
       H.R. 1671.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       The authority to enact this bill is derived from, but may 
     not be limited to, Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 of the 
     United States Constitution.
            By Mr. FATTAH:
       H.R. 1672.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Pursuant to Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 of the United 
     States Constitution, the Congress shall have the power ``[t]o 
     regulate commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several 
     states, and with the Indian tribes.''
            By Mrs. BLACKBURN:
       H.R. 1673.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8: To make all Laws which shall be 
     necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the 
     foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this 
     Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in 
     any Department or Officer thereof.
            By Mr. COHEN:
       H.R. 1674.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8
           By Mr. HULTGREN:
       H.R. 1675.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 3, as this legislation 
     regulates commerce between the states.
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 18, providing Congress with 
     the authority to enact legislation necessary to execute one 
     of its enumerated powers, such as Article I, Section 8, 
     Clause 3.
            By Ms. TITUS:
       H.R. 1676.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       The bill is enacted pursuant to the power granted to 
     Congress under Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 of the United 
     States Constitution.
            By Mr. GOSAR:
       H.R. 1677.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       This legislation is being introduced in order to amend 
     ERISA--which was passed based on a combination of Article 1 
     Section 8 Clause 3 (commerce clause) and Article 1 Section 8 
     Clause 18 (the necessary and proper clause).
            By Mr. GARAMENDI:
       H.R. 1678.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 1, Section 8 of the United States Constitution.
            By Mr. GARAMENDI:
       H.R. 1679.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 1, Section 8 of the United States Constitution.
            By Ms. BROWN of Florida:
       H.R. 1680.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       The United States Constitution:
       Article I Section VIII
           By Mr. COFFMAN:
       H.R. 1681.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 1, Section 8 of the United States Constitution.
            By Mr. CONYERS:
       H.R. 1682.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Art. I Sec. 8
            By Mr. COURTNEY:
       H.R. 1683.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 1, Section 8: Congress shall have the Power to . . 
     . coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign 
     Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights and Measures . . .
            By Mr. CURBELO of Florida:
       H.R. 1684.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 3: Commercial Activity 
     Regulation
            By Mr. RODNEY DAVIS of Illinois:
       H.R. 1685.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Under Article I, Section 8, Clause 18, the Necessary and 
     Proper Clause. The bill is constitutionally authorized under 
     the Necessary and Proper Clause, which supports the expansion 
     of congressional authority beyond the explicit authorities 
     that are directly discernible from the text.
            By Ms. DeGETTE:
       H.R. 1686.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 1, section 8, clauses 3 and 18.
            By Ms. DeLAURO:
       H.R. 1687.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 1
       The Congress shall have Power to lay and collect Taxes, 
     Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for 
     the common Defense and general Welfare of the United States; 
     but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform 
     throughout the United States.
            By Mr. DENHAM:
       H.R. 1688.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution of the United 
     States.
            By Mr. DeSANTIS:
       H.R. 1689.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 1
            By Mr. MICHAEL F. DOYLE of Pennsylvania:
       H.R. 1690.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 17 of the United States 
     Constitution: To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases 
     whatsoever, over such District (not exceeding ten Miles 
     square) as may, by Cession of Particular States, and the 
     Acceptance of Congress, become the Seat of the Government of 
     the United States, and to exercise like Authority over all 
     Places purchased by the Consent of the Legislature of the 
     State in which the Same shall be, for the Erection of Forts, 
     Magazines, Arsenals, dock-Yards, and other needful Buildings
           By Mr. DUFFY:
       H.R. 1691.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 1, Section 8: To make all Laws which shall be 
     necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the 
     foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by the 
     Constitution in the Government of the United States or in any 
     Department or Officer thereof
            By Ms. EDWARDS:
       H.R. 1692.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Congress is authorized to enact this legislation under the 
     Commerce Clause, Article I, Section 8, Clause 3, ``to 
     regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several 
     States, and with the Indian Tribes.'' Additionally, Congress 
     has the authority to enact

[[Page 4585]]

     this legislation pursuant to the Preamble of the 
     Constitution, ``to promote the general welfare.''
           By Mrs. ELLMERS of North Carolina:
       H.R. 1693.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 1, Section 8, Clauses 1 and 18:
       ``The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, 
     Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for 
     the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; 
     but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform 
     throughout the United States:''
       To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for 
     carry into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other 
     Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the 
     United States or in any Department or Officer thereof.
           By Mr. FITZPATRICK:
       H.R. 1694.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 1, Section 8, Clause 18
           By Mr. GOHMERT:
       H.R. 1695.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 1, Section 8, Clause 3: ``The Congress shall have 
     power . . . To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and 
     among the several States.'' The Parental Notification and 
     Intervention Act specifically establishes a federal nexus in 
     that it applies to ``any person or organization in or 
     affecting interstate commerce.''
       Article I, Section 9, Clause 7: ``No Money shall be drawn 
     from the Treasury but in Consequence of Appropriations made 
     by Law.''
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 18: ``The Congress shall have 
     Power . . . To make all Laws which shall be necessary and 
     proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and 
     all other Powers vested by the Constitution in the Government 
     of the United States, or in any Department or Officer 
     thereof.''
       The Parental Notification and Intervention Act also 
     establishes a federal nexus in that it specifically applies 
     ``any person or organization . . . who solicits or accepts 
     federal funds.'' The power to appropriate money and make laws 
     to execute this power, gives Congress the authority to make 
     laws affecting persons or entities that accept federal funds.
           By Ms. GRAHAM:
       H.R. 1696.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8
           By Ms. HAHN:
       H.R. 1697.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       According to Article 1: Section 8: Clause 18: of the United 
     States Constitution, seen below, this bill falls within the 
     Constitutional Authority of the United States Congress.
       Article 1: Section 8: Clause 18: To make all Laws which 
     shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the 
     foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this 
     Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in 
     any Department or Officer thereof.
           By Mr. HUIZENGA of Michigan:
       H.R. 1698.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 1, Section 8--To coin Money, regulate the Value 
     thereof, and of foreign Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights 
     and Measures
           By Mr. HUIZENGA of Michigan:
        H.R. 1699.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 1, Section 8, Clause 3--To regulate Commerce with 
     foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the 
     Indian Tribes.
       Amendment X--Nothing in the Constitution authorizes the 
     Federal government to do anything other than those things 
     enumerated (coin money, enter into treaties, conduct a 
     Census--which are inherently governmental). Thus, under 
     Amendment X, the right to carry out commercial activities is 
     reserved to the States, respectively, or to the people.
           By Mr. JEFFRIES:
       H.R. 1700.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clauses 4 and 18 of the United States 
     Constitution.
           By Mr. JORDAN:
       H.R. 1701.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       This bill is enacted pursuant to the power granted to 
     Congress under Article I, Section 8, Clause 17 of the United 
     States Constitution.
           By Mr. KING of New York:
       H.R. 1702.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       The Congress shall have Power . . . To make all Laws which 
     shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the 
     foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this 
     Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in 
     any Department or Officer thereof.
           By Mr. LANGEVIN:
       H.R. 1703.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, section 8 of the Constitution of the United 
     States grant Congress the authority to enact this bill.
           By Mr. LANGEVIN:
       H.R. 1704.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       clause 3 of section 8 of article I of the Constitution.
           By Mr. LATTA:
       H.R. 1705.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 3
       The Congress shall have Power to regulate Commerce with 
     foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with the 
     Indian Tribes
           By Ms. LEE:
       H.R. 1706.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       This bill is enacted pursuant to the power granted to 
     Congress under Article I of the United States Constitution 
     and its subsequent amendments, and further clarified and 
     interpreted by the Supreme Court of the United States.
           By Mr. LOEBSACK:
       H.R. 1707.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 18 of the Constitution.
           By Mrs. CAROLYN B. MALONEY of New York:
       H.R. 1708.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8. Clause 3, which reads: to regulate 
     Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several States, 
     and within Indian Tribes.
           By Mr. McNERNEY:
       H.R. 1709.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, section 8 of the United States Constitution.
           By Mr. McNERNEY:
       H.R. 1710.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, section 8 of the United States Constitution.
           By Mr. MEADOWS:
       H.R. 1711.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 1, Section 8, Clause 3 of the Constitution, which 
     states, ``The Congress shall have the power to regulate 
     Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the several states, 
     and with the Indian Tribes.''
            By Mr. MOONEY of West Virginia:
       H.R. 1712.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 & Article 1, Section 8, 
     Clause 18
           By Mr. PETERS:
       H.R. 1713.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 1, Section 8 of the US Constitution
           By Mr. PITTS:
       H.R. 1714.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 3: The Congress shall have
       Power to regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among 
     the several States, and with the Indian tribes.
           By Mr. RATCLIFFE:
       H.R. 1715.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 1, section 8 of the Constitution provides that 
     Congress shall have power to ``establish a uniform rule of 
     naturalization.''
           By Mr. ROHRABACHER:
       H.R. 1716.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 of the United States 
     Constitution.
           By Ms. ROYBAL-ALLARD:
       H.R. 1717.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 18
           By Mr. SESSIONS:
       H.R. 1718.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 1
       The Congress shall have the power to lay and collect Taxes, 
     Duties, Imposts, and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide 
     for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United 
     States; but all Duties, imposts and Excises shall be uniform 
     throughout the United States
            By Mr. SIMPSON:
       H.R. 1719.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Clause 2 of section 3 of article IV of the Constitution 
     (``The Congress shall have the Power of Congress to dispose 
     of and make all

[[Page 4586]]

     needful Rules and Regulations respecting the Territory or 
     other Property belonging to the United States . . .'').
           By Ms. SINEMA:
       H.R. 1720.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I. Section 8.
           By Ms. SLAUGHTER:
       H.R. 1721.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Clause 18 of Section 8 of Article I of the Constitution.
            By Mr. TAKANO:
       H.R. 1722.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 1, Section 8 of the Constitution of the United 
     States.
            By Mrs. WAGNER:
       H.R. 1723.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       The Congress shall have Power * * * To regulate Commerce 
     with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with 
     the Indian Tribes.
           By Mr. WESTERMAN:
       H.R. 1724.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 1, Section 8, Clause 7
           By Mr. WHITFIELD:
       H.R. 1725.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, clause 3
       The Congress shall have Power * * * To regulate Commerce 
     with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with 
     the Indian Tribes.
            By Mr. WHITFIELD:
       H.R. 1726.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, clause 1
       The Congress shall have Power to lay and collect Taxes, 
     Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for 
     the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; 
     but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform 
     throughout the United States.
       AND
       Article I, Section 8, clause 3
       The Congress shall have Power * * * To regulate Commerce 
     with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with 
     the Indian Tribes.
           By Mr. WHITFIELD:
       H.R. 1727.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, clause 3
       The Congress shall have Power * * * To regulate Commerce 
     with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with 
     the Indian Tribes.
           By Mr. YOUNG of Alaska:
       H.R. 1728.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 1, Section 8, Clause 3
            By Mr. YOUNG of Alaska:
       H.R. 1729.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 3
            By Mr. YOUNG of Alaska:
       H.R. 1730.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 1, Section 8, Clause 3
            By Mr. MARINO:
       H.J. Res. 39.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article V of the United States Constitution: The Congress, 
     whenever two thirds of both houses shall deem it necessary, 
     shall propose amendments to this Constitution . . . which . . 
     . shall be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of this 
     Constitution, when ratified by the legislatures of three 
     fourths of the several states, or by conventions in three 
     fourths thereof.
           By Mr. MARINO:
       H.J. Res. 40.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article V of the United States Constitution: The Congress, 
     whenever two thirds of both houses shall deem it necessary, 
     shall propose amendments to this Constitution . . . which . . 
     . shall be valid to all intents and purposes, as part of this 
     Constitution, when ratified by the legislatures of three 
     fourths of the several states, or by conventions in three 
     fourths thereof.
           By Mr. RATCLIFFE:
       H.J. Res. 41.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article V of the Constitution, which grants Congress the 
     authority, whenever two thirds of both Houses deem it 
     necessary, to propose amendments to the Constitution.

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