[Congressional Record (Bound Edition), Volume 160 (2014), Part 3]
[House]
[Pages 3283-3285]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]




                          MAKING IT IN AMERICA

  The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Stewart). Under the Speaker's announced 
policy of January 3, 2013, the gentleman from California (Mr. 
Garamendi) is recognized for 60 minutes as the designee of the minority 
leader.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. Mr. Speaker, I am delighted to be back on the floor 
once again. I won't take a whole hour here, but I wanted just to talk 
about something that is so very important to America and, really, to 
the future of this country.
  I like to start these discussions with what are we all about? What 
should we really be thinking about?
  I find myself often going back to Franklin Delano Roosevelt during a 
very difficult time in America's history, the Great Depression. He put 
forth a principle, if you would, a values statement of what he was 
about and really what this country could and should be about.
  He said the test of our progress is not whether we add more to the 
abundance of those who have much; it is whether we provide enough for 
those who have too little.
  It is a values statement. It is a statement of what I like to believe 
I am here for, to deal with this profound, important issue in this, 
another period of stress for the American family.
  We often find ourselves here on the floor, and I do this almost all 
the time, talking about this subject, the subject of Making It in 
America. This is a manufacturing strategy for America, and in this 
strategy there are many elements that we spend time on the floor 
talking about and legislation that we push here dealing with how to 
revive the manufacturing sector, and in doing so, give the American 
family, the American middle class, an opportunity that it once had: to 
find a good-paying job, to be able to make it in America with their 
family, to provide for a home, for food, for clothing, for education, 
vacations, sort of the American Dream, to be able to do those things. 
They knew that if they would work hard they would be able to make it.
  Well, one way of achieving that is with this strategy of rebuilding 
the American manufacturing sector to make it in America, whether that 
is manufacturing food, as occurs in my district--it is a big 
agricultural district--or some of the new technologies of 
biotechnologies of one sort or another.
  The high-tech industry, the automotive industry is coming back, and 
indeed, for a variety of reasons, some of it had to do with on our 
legislative agenda. We are seeing the revival of the American 
manufacturing sector. Good, wonderful. That is where the middle class 
jobs will largely come from.
  There are various pieces of this. There is the trade policy, and 
there is much debate here on the floor now and in the months ahead 
about the Trans-Pacific Partnership, a new trade deal. Is it going to 
be fair trade or free trade?
  We don't need free trade. What we need is fair trade.
  The tax policies--certainly we see this in the kind of tax breaks 
that are out there. Does the oil industry need additional tax breaks?
  Their incomes, which are the largest profits in the world, do they 
need to be supplemented with American taxpayer money?
  Right now they are, the Big Five: $6 billion a year of American 
taxpayer money going to them.
  We talk about tax policy, talk energy policy, but I want to really 
focus this evening on these two issues, labor and education.

                              {time}  1930

  We will leave aside the research issues--which are fundamental to 
future economic growth because you have to be out ahead, and that is 
where research comes in--and the infrastructure, which I will weave 
into this.
  But I really want to focus on labor and education. And I want to 
focus on a very important part of this equation, this very important 
part about the middle class and those who want to be in the middle 
class.
  Specifically, I want to talk about women, and I want to talk about a 
women's economic agenda, about why this is critically important not 
just to women and their children and the families, but also to America 
and to America's future.
  We know that the American family has changed. We know that, over the 
years, more and more families are raised by a single parent, and in 
most cases, that is a single mother. And so a women's economic agenda 
is critical for those children.
  It is also critical for the American economy because, when women 
succeed, America succeeds. This is a theme we are going to spend a lot 
of time talking about. We are going to talk about women in the American 
economy and their success.
  And here are three of the principles that we need to talk about. 
America's success is dependent upon the success of women because women 
are a major part of our workforce today, and they are a major part of 
the poverty issue in America.
  One in three women in America are living in poverty or are teetering 
on the brink of poverty. That is 42 million women, plus the 28 million 
children who depend upon them.
  And the American family has changed. Today, only one in five families 
has a homemaker, a mom that is a stay-at-home mom, and a working dad. 
Two out of three families depend on the wages of the working mom. Two 
out of three families depend upon the wages of the working mom who is 
struggling to balance caregiving as well as breadwinning.
  The average woman continues to be paid just 77 cents for every dollar 
that a man working in the same job, the same skill sets, and the same 
amount of time at that job earns, so the living wage and equal pay for 
equal work is critical.

[[Page 3284]]

  The average African American woman earns 64 cents compared to a man 
doing that same work, and an average Latina earns 55 cents. This is a 
huge problem for those individuals. It is also a huge problem for the 
American economy because a large portion of the American workforce is 
held back by simple discrimination, obviously discrimination based on 
race.
  An African American woman, a Latina woman, 55 percent of the wage 
that a man would earn in that same job, or 64 percent for an African 
American woman. It is discrimination, for which there ought to be no 
place in America.
  Closing the wage gap between men and women would cut the poverty rate 
in half. Closing the wage gap for an African American woman, for a 
Latina woman, for a European woman would reduce the poverty rate in 
America by 50 percent.
  Is this on the agenda for America? Is poverty on the agenda? You 
would think so, listening to the debate on the floor of the House of 
Representatives. How do you close the gap? End wage discrimination. 
That is how you do it.
  This is not a new issue. This is an issue that has been with us at 
least for the last 60 years. President Kennedy talked about this in the 
early part of his all-too-short Presidency.
  Women make up nearly two-thirds of the minimum wage workers in 
America, and a vast majority of these workers receive no paid sick 
days, not one, not one paid sick day; yet these are the mothers, these 
are the mothers that have the children, and these are the children that 
get sick.
  So what is that mother to do? She might very well lose her job. Even 
though she is earning less than a man, she might very well lose her job 
when she does what every mother wants to do, and that is to care for 
their sick child.
  More than half of the babies born to women under the age of 30 are 
born to unmarried mothers; and most of those mothers are White, a 
single-parent family and a woman, a White woman earning 77 cents doing 
a job that a man is paid a full dollar.
  There is something wrong with this, and this is something that the 
House of Representatives and the Senate must deal with, and I am sure 
the President would sign that bill.
  Nearly two-thirds of Americans and 85 percent of the millennials 
believe that the government should adapt to the reality of single-
parent families and use its resources to help children and mothers 
succeed, regardless of their familial status.
  An overwhelming 96 percent of single mothers say paid leave in the 
workplace policy would be the most help to them, and 80 percent of all 
Americans say that the government should expand access to high-quality, 
affordable child care.
  A living wage, equal pay for equal work, paid family and medical 
leave, and affordable child care, this is an agenda. This is the 
Democratic agenda; this ought to be the Republican agenda; and it 
surely ought to be the American agenda, because when women succeed, 
America succeeds.
  Three things that have been on the agenda for America for a long time 
and that are obviously not yet done. A living wage, this is the minimum 
wage issue. This is swirling around the congressional debate. Should 
there be a living wage, a minimum wage, a minimum wage of $10.10 for 
every American? What would it mean to women? It would mean that half of 
the women in poverty would no longer be there.
  When you couple it with equal pay for equal work, suddenly, you have 
an American agenda where we can go after poverty, where the great 
debate about the equality of opportunity in America is addressed, where 
the equality and the wage disparity is addressed, where we can make 
some real progress in dealing not only with poverty, but also dealing 
with the well-being of our children.
  We are in America, where one out of four American children go to bed 
hungry. You want to deal with that issue? Then you deal with a living 
wage and the minimum wage issue, $10.10, which is actually just about 
equal to what the minimum wage was when Ronald Reagan was Governor of 
California, long before he became President, and then you pay equal for 
equal work. This is an agenda that ought to be the American agenda.
  Here is a little bit more on it. The challenge, the gender pay gap, 
where an African American woman earns 64 percent, or 64 cents, of what 
a male would be paid for in that same job, where a Latina earns 55 
cents for what a man would earn doing that same job, and where, on 
average, across this Nation, it is 77 cents, the gender pay gap.
  The Paycheck Fairness Act, H.R. 377, raise the minimum wage, H.R. 
1010--which, by the way, ought to be $10.10--these bills have been 
introduced. These bills have strong Democratic support. These bills are 
not heard in those committees that our Republican colleagues control.
  It is time for these bills to be taken up. It is time for America to 
end the gender pay gap with H.R. 377. It is time for the minimum wage 
to become, once again, equal to what it was in purchasing power when 
Ronald Reagan was Governor of the State of California in the 1960s, 
H.R. 1010, $10.10 an hour for every worker in America, wherever they 
are, whether they are a woman or a man.
  Working family, how is a parent to care for their children? If you 
care about family values, this is important. This is important if you 
care about family values. What is a working mother to do? Remember, 
roughly half of the American families are now headed by a single woman.
  If that child gets sick, in many places across America, that mother 
is faced with a terrible quandary. Are they going to go to work and 
leave the child at home sick? Or are they not going to go to work, lose 
a day of pay or, quite possibly, lose the job, which is not uncommon in 
America?
  So we put forth H.R. 1286, the paid sick leave act, something that is 
common, in fact, in every European country, advanced economies around 
the world understand family values, like ours should, too. They 
understand that parents, man and woman, husband and wife, single father 
or single mother want to take care of their children.
  We have six children. We have raised those children. We have 11 
grandchildren. And we understand that those kids are little petri 
dishes that collect germs and get sick. We understand what it takes to 
care for a child. It takes the attention, the full attention, of the 
husband or the mother or the single mother or the single father.
  H.R. 1286 is languishing in the committees controlled by our 
Republican colleagues. We talk a lot about family values around here. 
If you really care about them, then you would let that parent have a 
paid sick leave so they can care for their child.
  Children, oh, we spend a lot of time talking about children, our 
future, the destiny of America, children. What can we do now to help 
every child in America? What can we do now to help every family in 
America?
  Well, I would suggest that we take a look at H.R. 769, the Permanent 
Child Tax Credit Act. We have a child tax credit. It bounces up and 
down, depending upon the whims of Congress and the Senate and the 
President.
  This would permanently increase the child tax credit so that every 
working family, from the top down to the bottom, those people that are 
on the edge of poverty, those people are not now earning $10.10 an 
hour, that are at just above the now minimum wage at the Federal level, 
say $7 an hour, so that those people would be able to at least have a 
little more income with the permanent child care tax credit.
  How long have we known that, if you could give a child early 
education, pre-K, prekindergarten education, that that child, in the 
formative years of their brain development, would advance faster and 
longer in the development of their mind and their capabilities to 
address the challenges that they will have out ahead?
  We have known this for decades. We know that, if you can get your 
child into pre-K, into early childhood education, that that child can 
be advancing faster, be better able to handle first grade, second 
grade, and on, all the way through college.

[[Page 3285]]

  This is not just an American issue. Around the world, countries that 
want to advance their economy, countries that want to have social 
justice, countries that want their families to have economic 
opportunity, they want early childhood education.

                              {time}  1945

  So we put forth H.R. 3461, the universal pre-K education act. 
Universal pre-K, can we afford it? Of course, we can. When you consider 
the benefit to this Nation and when you consider the benefit to that 
individual child, you would say of course we can afford it, and, 
alternatively, we cannot afford not to do it. We cannot allow a large 
percentage of our children to not succeed in school, to not be able to 
keep up, to go into a classroom ill-prepared, whether it is 
kindergarten or first grade, to begin behind on the first day of 
school. It is not uncommon--I don't know, the percentage is probably 
somewhere less than 25 percent of the children in America are able to 
get pre-K education.
  But I will tell you who is able to get it: those families that have 
the upper income, those families that are not worried about the gender 
pay gap, and those families that are not worried about the minimum 
wage. Those families are able to send their kids to early childhood 
education courses of all kinds. And so when those children enter 
kindergarten, when those children begin the first grade, they are the 
ones ahead. They are the ones that are likely to stay ahead. And for 
those children that don't have this opportunity, they are the ones that 
are behind. They are the ones that are going to fail. They are the ones 
that will drop out and likely to become the troublemakers of the 
future.
  So why not give every child in America an equal opportunity to 
succeed? Can we afford it? You bet. We cannot afford to not do this. 
This is critical. This is our agenda. When women succeed, America 
succeeds. This is a family value agenda. This is an agenda where, if 
you care about the American family, if you care about its success, if 
you care about its health, then these are the issues that we ought to 
be pushing: the gender pay gap, equal pay for equal work, the Paycheck 
Fairness Act, H.R. 377; raise the minimum wage, H.R. 1010.
  I would ask our Republican colleagues who care deeply about family 
values--and I know they do--to consider these two pieces of 
legislation. And if you don't want a Democratic author, find a 
Republican author and we will support it. We don't care who carries the 
bill. We just want paycheck fairness, equal pay for equal work. We just 
want the minimum wage to provide enough for a family to at least 
survive and thrive.
  If you care about family values, then you will want to talk about 
paid sick leave so that a mother or father doesn't have to make a 
choice between their job and their child's health.
  H.R. 1286, let's give every family a chance. Let's give this a 
hearing. Let's give this bill a hearing in committee.
  And, finally, all of us will stand here on the floor and we will talk 
for hours about our children, but are we willing to actually do 
something? Are we really actually willing to fund early childhood 
education? And are we willing to make permanent a tax break, a child 
tax credit? Or are we just willing to yap and talk?
  Here is something positive. Here is something real. Take up H.R. 769, 
the Permanent Child Tax Credit Act. Take up universal pre-K education, 
H.R. 3461. If you are not willing to take these bills up, if you are 
not willing to introduce something similar to address these issues, 
then it is all talk. It is just a lot of hot air, for which there is 
justifiable belief that that is most of what is done around here.
  Give the American family a chance. Give American women the 
opportunity to succeed. Let's do it. And we can. So this is our agenda. 
This is part of the Make It In America agenda when we talk about labor, 
when we talk about education, we talk about women in the workforce, and 
we talk about their opportunity. We can Make It In America. We can make 
things. We can make locomotives, we can make solar cells, and we can 
make windmills. But if we want the American people to make it, if we 
want them to be able to take care of their families, if we want 
children to thrive, and if we really want the American family to make 
it, then we had better be thinking about women, and we had better 
remember that when women succeed, then this country will succeed.
  With that, Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time.

                          ____________________