[Congressional Record (Bound Edition), Volume 160 (2014), Part 10]
[House]
[Pages 14780-14809]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]




               CONTINUING APPROPRIATIONS RESOLUTION, 2015

  Mr. ROGERS of Kentucky. Mr. Speaker, pursuant to House Resolution 
722, I call up the joint resolution (H.J. Res. 124) making continuing 
appropriations for fiscal year 2015, and for other purposes, and ask 
for its immediate consideration.
  The Clerk read the title of the joint resolution.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Marchant). Pursuant to House Resolution 
722, the amendment printed in part A of House Report 113-600 is 
adopted, and the joint resolution, as amended, is considered read.
  The text of the joint resolution, as amended, is as follows:

                             H.J. Res. 124

       Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
     United States of America in Congress assembled, That the 
     following sums

[[Page 14781]]

     are hereby appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not 
     otherwise appropriated, and out of applicable corporate or 
     other revenues, receipts, and funds, for the several 
     departments, agencies, corporations, and other organizational 
     units of Government for fiscal year 2015, and for other 
     purposes, namely:
       Sec. 101. (a) Such amounts as may be necessary, at a rate 
     for operations as provided in the applicable appropriations 
     Acts for fiscal year 2014 and under the authority and 
     conditions provided in such Acts, for continuing projects or 
     activities (including the costs of direct loans and loan 
     guarantees) that are not otherwise specifically provided for 
     in this joint resolution, that were conducted in fiscal year 
     2014, and for which appropriations, funds, or other authority 
     were made available in the following appropriations Acts:
       (1) The Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug 
     Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2014 
     (division A of Public Law 113-76).
       (2) The Commerce, Justice, Science, and Related Agencies 
     Appropriations Act, 2014 (division B of Public Law 113-76).
       (3) The Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2014 
     (division C of Public Law 113-76).
       (4) The Energy and Water Development and Related Agencies 
     Appropriations Act, 2014 (division D of Public Law 113-76).
       (5) The Financial Services and General Government 
     Appropriations Act, 2014 (division E of Public Law 113-76).
       (6) The Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 
     2014 (division F of Public Law 113-76).
       (7) The Department of the Interior, Environment, and 
     Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2014 (division G of 
     Public Law 113-76).
       (8) The Departments of Labor, Health and Human Services, 
     and Education, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2014 
     (division H of Public Law 113-76).
       (9) The Legislative Branch Appropriations Act, 2014 
     (division I of Public Law 113-76).
       (10) The Military Construction and Veterans Affairs, and 
     Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2014 (division J of 
     Public Law 113-76).
       (11) The Department of State, Foreign Operations, and 
     Related Programs Appropriations Act, 2014 (division K of 
     Public Law 113-76).
       (12) The Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and 
     Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2014 (division L of 
     Public Law 113-76).
       (b) The rate for operations provided by subsection (a) is 
     hereby reduced by 0.0554 percent.
       Sec. 102. (a) No appropriation or funds made available or 
     authority granted pursuant to section 101 for the Department 
     of Defense shall be used for: (1) the new production of items 
     not funded for production in fiscal year 2014 or prior years; 
     (2) the increase in production rates above those sustained 
     with fiscal year 2014 funds; or (3) the initiation, 
     resumption, or continuation of any project, activity, 
     operation, or organization (defined as any project, 
     subproject, activity, budget activity, program element, and 
     subprogram within a program element, and for any investment 
     items defined as a P-1 line item in a budget activity within 
     an appropriation account and an R-1 line item that includes a 
     program element and subprogram element within an 
     appropriation account) for which appropriations, funds, or 
     other authority were not available during fiscal year 2014.
       (b) No appropriation or funds made available or authority 
     granted pursuant to section 101 for the Department of Defense 
     shall be used to initiate multi-year procurements utilizing 
     advance procurement funding for economic order quantity 
     procurement unless specifically appropriated later.
       Sec. 103.  Appropriations made by section 101 shall be 
     available to the extent and in the manner that would be 
     provided by the pertinent appropriations Act.
       Sec. 104.  Except as otherwise provided in section 102, no 
     appropriation or funds made available or authority granted 
     pursuant to section 101 shall be used to initiate or resume 
     any project or activity for which appropriations, funds, or 
     other authority were not available during fiscal year 2014.
       Sec. 105.  Appropriations made and authority granted 
     pursuant to this joint resolution shall cover all obligations 
     or expenditures incurred for any project or activity during 
     the period for which funds or authority for such project or 
     activity are available under this joint resolution.
       Sec. 106.  Unless otherwise provided for in this joint 
     resolution or in the applicable appropriations Act for fiscal 
     year 2015, appropriations and funds made available and 
     authority granted pursuant to this joint resolution shall be 
     available until whichever of the following first occurs: (1) 
     the enactment into law of an appropriation for any project or 
     activity provided for in this joint resolution; (2) the 
     enactment into law of the applicable appropriations Act for 
     fiscal year 2015 without any provision for such project or 
     activity; or (3) December 11, 2014.
       Sec. 107.  Expenditures made pursuant to this joint 
     resolution shall be charged to the applicable appropriation, 
     fund, or authorization whenever a bill in which such 
     applicable appropriation, fund, or authorization is contained 
     is enacted into law.
       Sec. 108.  Appropriations made and funds made available by 
     or authority granted pursuant to this joint resolution may be 
     used without regard to the time limitations for submission 
     and approval of apportionments set forth in section 1513 of 
     title 31, United States Code, but nothing in this joint 
     resolution may be construed to waive any other provision of 
     law governing the apportionment of funds.
       Sec. 109.  Notwithstanding any other provision of this 
     joint resolution, except section 106, for those programs that 
     would otherwise have high initial rates of operation or 
     complete distribution of appropriations at the beginning of 
     fiscal year 2015 because of distributions of funding to 
     States, foreign countries, grantees, or others, such high 
     initial rates of operation or complete distribution shall not 
     be made, and no grants shall be awarded for such programs 
     funded by this joint resolution that would impinge on final 
     funding prerogatives.
       Sec. 110.  This joint resolution shall be implemented so 
     that only the most limited funding action of that permitted 
     in the joint resolution shall be taken in order to provide 
     for continuation of projects and activities.
       Sec. 111. (a) For entitlements and other mandatory payments 
     whose budget authority was provided in appropriations Acts 
     for fiscal year 2014, and for activities under the Food and 
     Nutrition Act of 2008, activities shall be continued at the 
     rate to maintain program levels under current law, under the 
     authority and conditions provided in the applicable 
     appropriations Act for fiscal year 2014, to be continued 
     through the date specified in section 106(3).
       (b) Notwithstanding section 106, obligations for mandatory 
     payments due on or about the first day of any month that 
     begins after October 2014 but not later than 30 days after 
     the date specified in section 106(3) may continue to be made, 
     and funds shall be available for such payments.
       Sec. 112.  Amounts made available under section 101 for 
     civilian personnel compensation and benefits in each 
     department and agency may be apportioned up to the rate for 
     operations necessary to avoid furloughs within such 
     department or agency, consistent with the applicable 
     appropriations Act for fiscal year 2014, except that such 
     authority provided under this section shall not be used until 
     after the department or agency has taken all necessary 
     actions to reduce or defer non-personnel-related 
     administrative expenses.
       Sec. 113.  Funds appropriated by this joint resolution may 
     be obligated and expended notwithstanding section 10 of 
     Public Law 91-672 (22 U.S.C. 2412), section 15 of the State 
     Department Basic Authorities Act of 1956 (22 U.S.C. 2680), 
     section 313 of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, 
     Fiscal Years 1994 and 1995 (22 U.S.C. 6212), and section 
     504(a)(1) of the National Security Act of 1947 (50 U.S.C. 
     3094(a)(1)).
       Sec. 114. (a) Each amount incorporated by reference in this 
     joint resolution that was previously designated by the 
     Congress for Overseas Contingency Operations/Global War on 
     Terrorism pursuant to section 251(b)(2)(A) of the Balanced 
     Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 or as being 
     for disaster relief pursuant to section 251(b)(2)(D) of such 
     Act is designated by the Congress for Overseas Contingency 
     Operations/Global War on Terrorism pursuant to section 
     251(b)(2)(A) of such Act or as being for disaster relief 
     pursuant to section 251(b)(2)(D) of such Act, respectively.
       (b) The reduction in section 101(b) of this joint 
     resolution shall not apply to--
       (1) amounts designated under subsection (a) of this 
     section; or
       (2) amounts made available by section 101(a) by reference 
     to the second paragraph under the heading ``Social Security 
     Administration--Limitation on Administrative Expenses'' in 
     division H of Public Law 113-76.
       (c) Section 6 of Public Law 113-76 shall apply to amounts 
     designated in subsection (a) for Overseas Contingency 
     Operations/Global War on Terrorism.
       Sec. 115.  During the period covered by this joint 
     resolution, discretionary amounts appropriated for fiscal 
     year 2015 that were provided in advance by appropriations 
     Acts shall be available in the amounts provided in such Acts, 
     reduced by the percentage in section 101(b).
       Sec. 116.  Notwithstanding section 101, amounts are 
     provided for ``Department of Agriculture--Domestic Food 
     Programs--Food and Nutrition Service--Commodity Assistance 
     Program'' at a rate for operations of $275,701,000, of which 
     $208,682,000 shall be for the Commodity Supplemental Food 
     Program.
       Sec. 117.  For ``Department of Health and Human Services--
     Food and Drug Administration--Salaries and Expenses'', 
     amounts shall be made available by this joint resolution as 
     if ``outsourcing facility fees authorized by 21 U.S.C. 379j-
     62,'' were included after ``21 U.S.C. 381,'' in the second 
     paragraph under such heading in division A of Public Law 113-
     76.
       Sec. 118.  Amounts made available by section 101 for 
     ``Department of Commerce--National Oceanic and Atmospheric 
     Administration--Procurement, Acquisition and Construction'' 
     may be apportioned up to the rate

[[Page 14782]]

     for operations necessary to maintain the planned launch 
     schedules for the Joint Polar Satellite System and the 
     Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite system.
       Sec. 119.  Notwithstanding any other provision of law, 
     except sections 106 and 107 of this joint resolution, for 
     ``Department of Defense--Overseas Contingency Operations--
     Operation and Maintenance--Operation and Maintenance, Army'', 
     up to $50,000,000, to be derived by reducing the amount 
     otherwise made available by section 101 for such account, may 
     be used to conduct surface and subsurface clearance of 
     unexploded ordnance at closed training ranges used by the 
     Armed Forces of the United States in Afghanistan: Provided, 
     That such funds may only be used if the training ranges are 
     not transferred to the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan for 
     use by its armed forces: Provided further, That the authority 
     provided by this section shall continue in effect through the 
     earlier of the date specified in section 106(3) of this joint 
     resolution or the date of the enactment of an Act authorizing 
     appropriations for fiscal year 2015 for military activities 
     of the Department of Defense: Provided further, That such 
     amount is designated as provided under section 114 for such 
     account.
       Sec. 120.  The following authorities shall continue in 
     effect through the earlier of the date specified in section 
     106(3) of this joint resolution or the date of the enactment 
     of an Act authorizing appropriations for fiscal year 2015 for 
     military activities of the Department of Defense:
       (1) Section 1004 of the National Defense Authorization Act 
     for Fiscal Year 1991 (Public Law 101-510; 10 U.S.C. 374 
     note).
       (2) Section 1215 of the National Defense Authorization Act 
     for Fiscal Year 2012 (Public Law 112-81; 10 U.S.C. 113 note).
       (3) Section 127b of title 10, United States Code, 
     notwithstanding subsection (c)(3)(C) of such section.
       (4) Subsection (b) of section 572 of the National Defense 
     Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2006 (20 U.S.C. 7703b(b)), 
     notwithstanding paragraph (4) of such subsection.
       Sec. 121. (a) Funds made available by section 101 for 
     ``Department of Energy--Energy Programs--Uranium Enrichment 
     Decontamination and Decommissioning Fund'' may be apportioned 
     up to the rate for operations necessary to avoid disruption 
     of continuing projects or activities funded in this 
     appropriation.
       (b) The Secretary of Energy shall notify the Committees on 
     Appropriations of the House of Representatives and the Senate 
     not later than 3 days after each use of the authority 
     provided in subsection (a).
       Sec. 122. (a) Funds made available by section 101 for 
     ``Department of Energy--Environmental and Other Defense 
     Activities--Defense Environmental Cleanup'' for the Waste 
     Isolation Pilot Plant may be obligated at a rate for 
     operations necessary to assure timely execution of activities 
     necessary to restore and upgrade the repository.
       (b) The Secretary of Energy shall notify the Committees on 
     Appropriations of the House of Representatives and the Senate 
     on each use of the spending rate authority provided in this 
     section that exceeds customary apportionment allocations.
       Sec. 123.  Notwithstanding any other provision of this 
     joint resolution, except section 106, the District of 
     Columbia may expend local funds under the heading ``District 
     of Columbia Funds'' for such programs and activities under 
     title IV of H.R. 5016 (113th Congress), as passed by the 
     House of Representatives on July 16, 2014, at the rate set 
     forth under ``District of Columbia Funds--Summary of 
     Expenses'' as included in the Fiscal Year 2015 Budget Request 
     Act of 2014 (D.C. Act 20-370), as modified as of the date of 
     the enactment of this joint resolution.
       Sec. 124.  Notwithstanding section 101, amounts are 
     provided for ``Office of Special Counsel--Salaries and 
     Expenses'' at a rate for operations of $22,939,000.
       Sec. 125.  The third proviso under the heading ``Small 
     Business Administration--Business Loans Program Account'' in 
     division E of Public Law 113-76 is amended by striking 
     ``$17,500,000,000'' and inserting ``$18,500,000,000'': 
     Provided, That amounts made available by section 101 for such 
     proviso under such heading may be apportioned up to the rate 
     for operations necessary to accommodate increased demand for 
     commitments to general business loans under section 7(a) of 
     the Small Business Act: Provided further, That this section 
     shall become effective upon enactment of this joint 
     resolution.
       Sec. 126.  Sections 1101(a) and 1104(a)(2)(A) of the 
     Internet Tax Freedom Act (title XI of division C of Public 
     Law 105-277; 47 U.S.C. 151 note) shall be applied by 
     substituting the date specified in section 106(3) of this 
     joint resolution for ``November 1, 2014''.
       Sec. 127.  Section 550(b) of Public Law 109-295 (6 U.S.C. 
     121 note) shall be applied by substituting the date specified 
     in section 106(3) of this joint resolution for ``October 4, 
     2014''.
       Sec. 128.  The authority provided by section 831 of the 
     Homeland Security Act of 2002 (6 U.S.C. 391) shall continue 
     in effect through the date specified in section 106(3) of 
     this joint resolution.
       Sec. 129. (a) Amounts made available by section 101 for the 
     Department of Homeland Security for ``U.S. Customs and Border 
     Protection--Salaries and Expenses'', ``U.S. Customs and 
     Border Protection--Border Security Fencing, Infrastructure, 
     and Technology'', ``U.S. Customs and Border Protection--Air 
     and Marine Operations'', ``U.S. Customs and Border 
     Protection--Construction and Facilities Management'', and 
     ``U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement--Salaries and 
     Expenses'' shall be obligated at a rate for operations as 
     necessary to respectively--
       (1) sustain the staffing levels of U.S. Customs and Border 
     Protection officers and Border Patrol agents in accordance 
     with the provisos under the heading ``U.S. Customs and Border 
     Protection--Salaries and Expenses'' in division F of Public 
     Law 113-76;
       (2) sustain border security and immigration enforcement 
     operations;
       (3) sustain necessary Air and Marine operations; and
       (4) sustain the staffing levels of U.S. Immigration and 
     Customs Enforcement agents, equivalent to the staffing levels 
     achieved on September 30, 2014, and comply with the fifth 
     proviso under the heading ``U.S. Immigration and Customs 
     Enforcement--Salaries and Expenses'' in division F of Public 
     Law 113-76.
       (b) The Secretary of Homeland Security shall notify the 
     Committees on Appropriations of the House of Representatives 
     and the Senate on each use of the authority provided in this 
     section.
       Sec. 130.  Section 810 of the Federal Lands Recreation 
     Enhancement Act (16 U.S.C. 6809) shall be applied by 
     substituting ``on the date that is 1 year after the date 
     specified in section 106(3) of the Continuing Appropriations 
     Resolution, 2015'' for ``10 years after the date of the 
     enactment of this Act''.
       Sec. 131. (a) The authority provided by subsection (m)(3) 
     of section 8162 of the Department of Defense Appropriations 
     Act, 2000 (40 U.S.C. 8903 note; Public Law 106-79) shall 
     continue in effect through the date specified in section 
     106(3) of this joint resolution.
       (b) For the period covered by this joint resolution, the 
     authority provided by the provisos under the heading ``Dwight 
     D. Eisenhower Memorial Commission--Capital Construction'' in 
     division E of Public Law 112-74 shall not be in effect.
       Sec. 132.  Activities authorized under part A of title IV 
     and section 1108(b) of the Social Security Act (other than 
     under section 413(h) of such Act) shall continue through the 
     date specified in section 106(3) of this joint resolution, in 
     the manner authorized for fiscal year 2014 (except that the 
     amount appropriated for section 403(b) of such Act shall be 
     $598,000,000, and the requirement to reserve funds provided 
     for in section 403(b)(2) of such Act shall not apply with 
     respect to this section), and out of any money in the 
     Treasury of the United States not otherwise appropriated, 
     there are hereby appropriated such sums as may be necessary 
     for such purpose. Grants and payments may be made pursuant to 
     this authority through the applicable portion of the first 
     quarter of fiscal year 2015 at the pro rata portion of the 
     level provided for such activities through the first quarter 
     of fiscal year 2014.
       Sec. 133.  Amounts allocated to Head Start grantees from 
     amounts identified in the seventh proviso under the heading 
     ``Department of Health and Human Services--Administration for 
     Children and Families--Children and Families Services 
     Programs'' in Public Law 113-76 shall not be included in the 
     calculation of the ``base grant'' in fiscal year 2015, as 
     such term is used in section 640(a)(7)(A) of the Head Start 
     Act (42 U.S.C. 9835(a)(7)(A)).
       Sec. 134.  The first proviso under the heading ``Department 
     of Health and Human Services--Administration for Children and 
     Families--Low Income Home Energy Assistance'' in division H 
     of Public Law 113-76 shall be applied to amounts made 
     available by this joint resolution by substituting ``2015'' 
     for ``2014''.
       Sec. 135.  Amounts provided by this joint resolution for 
     ``Department of Health and Human Services--Administration for 
     Children and Families--Refugee and Entrant Assistance'' may 
     be apportioned up to the rate for operations necessary to 
     maintain program operations at the level provided in fiscal 
     year 2014.
       Sec. 136.  In addition to the amount otherwise provided by 
     this joint resolution for ``Department of Health and Human 
     Services--Office of the Secretary--Public Health and Social 
     Services Emergency Fund'', there is appropriated $58,000,000 
     for an additional amount for fiscal year 2015, to remain 
     available until September 30, 2015, for expenses necessary to 
     support acceleration of countermeasure and product advanced 
     research and development pursuant to section 319L of the 
     Public Health Service Act for addressing Ebola.
       Sec. 137.  In addition to the amount otherwise provided by 
     this joint resolution for ``Department of Health and Human 
     Services--Centers for Disease Control and Prevention--Global 
     Health'', there is appropriated $30,000,000 for an additional 
     amount for fiscal year 2015, to remain available until 
     September 30, 2015, for expenses necessary to support the 
     responses of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 
     (referred to in this section as the ``CDC') to the outbreak 
     of Ebola virus in Africa: Provided, That such funds shall be 
     available for transfer by the Director of the CDC to other 
     accounts of the CDC for such support: Provided further, That

[[Page 14783]]

     the Director of the CDC shall notify the Committees on 
     Appropriations of the House of Representatives and the Senate 
     not later than 30 days after the date of any transfer under 
     the preceding proviso.
       Sec. 138.  Amounts made available by this joint resolution 
     for ``Department of Education--Rehabilitation Services and 
     Disability Research'', ``Department of Education--
     Departmental Management--Program Administration'', and 
     ``Department of Health and Human Services--Administration for 
     Community Living--Aging and Disability Services Programs'' 
     may be obligated in the account and budget structure set 
     forth in section 491 of the Workforce Innovation and 
     Opportunity Act (42 U.S.C. 3515e).
       Sec. 139.  Of the unobligated balance of amounts provided 
     by section 108 of Public Law 111-3, $4,549,000,000 is 
     rescinded.
       Sec. 140.  Section 113 of division H of Public Law 113-76 
     shall be applied by substituting the date specified in 
     section 106(3) for ``September 30, 2014''.
       Sec. 141. (a) Notwithstanding section 101, amounts are made 
     available for accounts in title I of division J of Public Law 
     113-76 at an aggregate rate for operations of $6,558,223,500.
       (b) Not later than 30 days after the date of enactment of 
     this joint resolution, the Secretary of Defense shall submit 
     to the Committees on Appropriations of the House of 
     Representatives and the Senate a report delineating the 
     allocation of budget authority in subsection (a) by account 
     and project.
       Sec. 142.  Notwithstanding section 101, amounts are 
     provided for ``Department of Veterans Affairs--Departmental 
     Administration--General Operating Expenses, Veterans Benefits 
     Administration'' at a rate for operations of $2,524,254,000.
       Sec. 143.  Notwithstanding section 101, amounts are 
     provided for ``Department of Veterans Affairs--Departmental 
     Administration--Office of Inspector General'' at a rate for 
     operations of $126,411,000.
       Sec. 144.  Section 209 of the International Religious 
     Freedom Act of 1998 (22 U.S.C. 6436) shall be applied by 
     substituting the date specified in section 106(3) of this 
     joint resolution for ``September 30, 2014''.
       Sec. 145.  Amounts made available by section 101 for 
     ``Broadcasting Board of Governors--International Broadcasting 
     Operations'', ``Bilateral Economic Assistance--Funds 
     Appropriated to the President--Economic Support Fund'', 
     ``International Security Assistance--Department of State--
     International Narcotics Control and Law Enforcement'', 
     ``International Security Assistance--Department of State--
     Nonproliferation, Anti-terrorism, Demining and Related 
     Programs'', and ``International Security Assistance--Funds 
     Appropriated to the President--Foreign Military Financing 
     Program'' shall be obligated at a rate for operations as 
     necessary to sustain assistance for Ukraine and independent 
     states of the Former Soviet Union and Central and Eastern 
     Europe to counter external, regional aggression and 
     influence.
       Sec. 146.  Section 7081(4) of division K of Public Law 113-
     76 shall be applied to amounts made available by this joint 
     resolution by substituting the date specified in section 
     106(3) of this joint resolution for ``September 30, 2014''.
       Sec. 147.  The Export-Import Bank Act of 1945 (12 U.S.C. 
     635 et seq.) shall be applied through June 30, 2015, by 
     substituting such date for ``September 30, 2014'' in section 
     7 of such Act.
       Sec. 148. (a) Section 44302(f) of title 49, United States 
     Code, is amended by striking ``September 30, 2014'' and 
     inserting ``the date specified in section 106(3) of the 
     Continuing Appropriations Resolution, 2015''.
       (b) Section 44303(b) of title 49, United States Code, is 
     amended by striking ``September 30, 2014'' and inserting 
     ``the date specified in section 106(3) of the Continuing 
     Appropriations Resolution, 2015''.
       (c) Section 44310(a) of title 49, United States Code, is 
     amended by striking ``September 30, 2014'' and inserting 
     ``the date specified in section 106(3) of the Continuing 
     Appropriations Resolution, 2015''.
        This joint resolution may be cited as the ``Continuing 
     Appropriations Resolution, 2015''.

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The joint resolution shall be debatable for 
1 hour, equally divided and controlled by the chair and ranking 
minority member of the Committee on Appropriations. After 1 hour of 
debate on the joint resolution, as amended, it shall be in order to 
consider the further amendment printed in part B of House Report 113-
600, if offered by the gentleman from California (Mr. McKeon) or his 
designee, shall be considered read, shall be separately debatable for 6 
hours equally divided and controlled by the gentleman from California 
(Mr. McKeon) and the gentleman from Washington (Mr. Smith) or their 
respective designees.
  The gentleman from Kentucky (Mr. Rogers) and the gentlewoman from New 
York (Mrs. Lowey) each will control 30 minutes.
  The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Kentucky.


                             General Leave

  Mr. ROGERS of Kentucky. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that all 
Members may have 5 legislative days in which to revise and extend their 
remarks and include extraneous material on H.J. Res. 124.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the 
gentleman from Kentucky?
  There was no objection.
  Mr. ROGERS of Kentucky. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I 
may consume.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise today to present H.J. Res. 124, a short-term 
continuing resolution to keep the doors of the Federal Government open 
after the end of the fiscal year on September 30.
  H.J. Res. 124 is a critical measure that ensures that hardworking 
Americans continue to have access to the government programs and the 
services they rely on and helps avoid the unnecessary uncertainty and 
economic harm caused by the threat of a government shutdown.
  The bill continues government operations at the current rate of 
$1.012 trillion into the next fiscal year and lasts until December 11, 
2014. That level is in line with the Ryan-Murray budget agreement that 
this House approved last year.
  My committee sought to draft a responsible, restrained bill that does 
not include controversial riders and does not seek to change existing 
Federal policies; however, it does make several very limited 
adjustments to prevent catastrophic or irreversible damage to critical 
government programs to address pressing global crises that have 
surfaced in recent months or to ensure good government.
  These are changes I believe all of my colleagues can and should 
support. These include provisions, Mr. Speaker, that, one, increase 
funding at the Department of Veterans Affairs to help deal with the 
disability claims backlog and further investigations into wait-list 
allegations; two, to boost funding for Ebola research and response; 
three, to provide some funding flexibility within CBP and ICE to meet 
border security needs; and, four, to continue a surge in funding for 
State Department programs that help counter regional aggression against 
Ukraine and other former Soviet states. Each of these provisions is 
funded within the total discretionary funding level of $1.012 trillion.
  The CR will also extend authority for certain laws currently in place 
such as the Internet Tax Freedom Act for the duration of the CR and the 
Export-Import Bank through June 30 of next year.
  Later, the chairman of the House Armed Services Committee will offer 
an amendment to this bill to address the President's request for the 
authority to train and equip Syrian rebels to fight ISIL. This critical 
amendment will address an issue of great importance to our national 
security, and attaching it to this continuing resolution will allow its 
enactment within a swift timeframe.
  It does not involve any new or additional funding for these 
activities. I hope that my colleagues in the House will support the 
adoption of that amendment.
  Mr. Speaker, this is a good bill, but we cannot address each and 
every aspect of Federal agency budgets within the scope of a continuing 
resolution like this one. These line-by-line budget decisions must be 
made in full-year regular appropriations legislation.
  I am very proud, Mr. Speaker, that the House made great strides 
toward completing this vital work, which is our constitutional duty, by 
approving 11 out of 12 appropriations bills in committee and seven of 
them on the floor of the House, all before the August recess, dealing 
with some 400 amendments to those seven bills on the House floor.
  The House made a good faith effort to complete all of these bills, 
but, unfortunately, the Senate has failed to approve a single 
appropriations bill which is why we are at this point today in trying 
to pass a continuing resolution.
  It is high time that the Senate leadership allows us to complete 
critical

[[Page 14784]]

legislation to fund the entire Federal Government in an up-to-date, 
line-by-line way in regular order.
  This continuing resolution will allow us the time, hopefully, to do 
just that; however, as we move forward, we cannot and should not 
continue to fall back on stopgap funding bills like this one.
  These lurching short-term bills only postpone the tough budget 
decisions, heighten our Nation's mistrust of Congress, and cause 
uncertainty within our Federal agencies and the economy.
  At this point, though, the best way to avoid causing serious damage 
to the country is to pass this continuing resolution. It is our most 
clear path forward. It allows us the time we need to draft bicameral 
pieces of legislation that reflect our real and urgent budgetary 
requirements and utilize our Nation's taxpayer dollars in the most 
responsible, representative way.

                              {time}  1430

  Before I close these remarks, Mr. Speaker, I would like to 
acknowledge the service and hard work of the staff of the committee on 
both sides of the aisle, but I especially want to acknowledge the 
service and hard work of the clerk of the Defense Subcommittee, Tom 
McLemore.
  Over his years on this committee he has been an integral member of 
the staff, no more so than his time as Defense clerk. Sadly, this will 
be his last bill before he moves on to greener pastures, and we will 
miss him a great deal. So I want to thank Tom for his service to this 
committee and to the Nation.
  With that said, Mr. Speaker, we have just under 2 weeks left until 
the end of the fiscal year on September 30, so I ask that the House 
pass H.J. Res. 124 today without delay. I also urge the Senate to pass 
this bill and submit it to the President for his signature as soon as 
possible.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
  While it was my sincere hope that we could have completed action on 
all 12 appropriation bills before the end of the fiscal year, I 
understand Chairman Rogers' desire to quickly pass the CR and prevent 
another disastrous government shutdown.
  This continuing resolution gives the House and Senate Appropriations 
Committees roughly 3 months to reach agreement on each of the 
discretionary bills and the important programs they fund. Of great 
importance in these negotiations will be the funding levels in the 
Labor, Health and Human Services and Education bill. Unfortunately, it 
has the dubious distinction of being the only one not even brought to 
the full committee for markup, denying Members on both sides of the 
aisle the opportunity to offer amendments and have a full, open debate 
about these critical programs.
  Yesterday, Ranking Member DeLauro and all the Democratic members of 
that subcommittee introduced our version of the bill that we hope will 
help clarify our priorities for the process in the coming months.
  The CR portion of this legislative package contains much-needed 
funding to address urgent crises, including the spread of Ebola, 
ensuring critical work continues to develop and manufacture treatment 
therapies, as well as work on a vaccine.
  However, I do regret that the majority's proposed CR resorts to one 
of the worst legislative mechanisms to reduce scoring, an across-the-
board cut. This type of provision shirks one of the most fundamental 
responsibilities of this committee, making difficult decisions about 
program levels. Worse still, it is misleading to the public and creates 
an illusion that program levels remain at last year's level, when they 
are, in fact, lower.
  I also have concerns with the length of the extension of the Export-
Import Bank.
  The President spoke forcefully about the threat of ISIL last week. 
There is a clear need for an international coalition to execute an 
aggressive, targeted strategy aimed at degrading ISIL, and later this 
afternoon, the House will begin debate on the administration's request 
for narrow title 10 authority.
  Lastly, the rules of this CR added three technical changes to the 
underlying text that were needed and which I support. Additional 
language was needed on the Ebola funding, on the LIHEAP money, and on 
recreation fees.
  Mr. Speaker, obviously, no appropriator ever wants a CR, but none of 
us want to repeat last year's shutdown. It is my sincere hope that if 
this CR is enacted we can use the coming months wisely to craft 
agreement on all 12 bills by December 11. There is absolutely no reason 
to punt our responsibilities into the new year and the new Congress.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. ROGERS of Kentucky. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the 
gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Frelinghuysen), the chairman of the 
Appropriations Subcommittee on Defense.
  Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. Mr. Speaker, I thank the chair of the full 
committee for yielding, and I rise in support of the continuing 
resolution.
  We must pass this continuing resolution to keep the Federal 
Government open and operating for taxpayers. Mr. Speaker, as you know, 
this legislation continues funding to pay our troops, for the 
Department of Defense operations, and for defense and maintenance, 
research and development, and procurement at fiscal year 2014 levels.
  But a word of caution to my colleague. We have had a great deal of 
talk lately from some quarters about eventually extending this 
continuing resolution to September of next year, 2015. That would be a 
very bad idea for the Department of Defense and many other important 
agencies and programs. While this approach might hold the line on 
spending in other agencies and programs, a yearlong continuing 
resolution has proven to be terribly costly for the Department of 
Defense.
  Funding under a CR promotes budget uncertainty that makes defense 
planning and managing programs nearly impossible. It is damaging to our 
men and women in uniform, our military readiness, our defense 
industrial base, and our defense posture as we face challenges around 
the world, in the Middle East, the Pacific, Africa, Europe, and 
considered additional actions in Iraq and also Syria.
  Three months ago, our full committee and our Defense Subcommittee 
produced a strong, bipartisan fiscal year 2015 Defense Appropriations 
bill. We hope the Senate will now join us to complete the process, 
allowing us to fulfill our responsibilities under the Constitution for 
a strong national defense.
  Mr. Chairman, I commend your strong efforts and that of the staff and 
urge support of the resolution.
  But before I conclude, may I also join with Chairman Rogers in 
saluting Tom McLemore, the clerk to the Defense Subcommittee on 
Appropriations, for his years of hard work on behalf of all Members, 
Republicans and Democrats, his strong work on behalf of a strong 
national defense, for his work with me in my brief tenure as chairman, 
but for the many years of loyal support he gave to our late chairman, 
Congressman Bill Young of Florida.
  Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the 
gentlewoman from California (Ms. Lee), a member of the Labor, HHS, and 
Foreign Operations Subcommittees of Appropriations.
  Ms. LEE of California. Mr. Speaker, let me thank our ranking member 
for her unwavering leadership on our committee on so many issues.
  Thank you, Congresswoman Lowey.
  Let me thank also our chairman for continuing to try to help us work 
in a bipartisan way to bring a real Labor, HHS bill to the floor.
  This continuing resolution contains, yes, critical and much-needed 
funding to address the Ebola crisis in Africa. It also, though, 
includes across-the-board cuts which will negatively impact my 
congressional district, all of our congressional districts, and 
countless households across America.
  For example, this CR includes two different cuts to the Temporary 
Assistance for Needy Families program. It includes a $14 million 
reduction in the TANF contingency fund and a $15 million reduction that 
will eliminate

[[Page 14785]]

TANF research funds, funds that are used, mind you, by the Department 
of Health and Human Services to evaluate the effectiveness of TANF 
programs and to develop approaches for improving employment outcomes 
among TANF recipients.
  These cuts are unnecessary and come at a time when people are 
literally living on the edge. It is unacceptable that at a time when we 
are passing short-term funding bills that underfund public health and 
workforce training programs we are now providing over $80 billion in 
war funding. The American people expect Congress to create jobs, to 
strengthen our economy, and to ensure that our security funds are 
wisely spent. With sequester cuts looming, it is time that we focus our 
spending here at home.
  Finally, let me just address the upcoming debate and vote on funding 
to arm and train Syrian rebels. This should not be an amendment to the 
continuing resolution. National security issues should not be an 
afterthought to funding the government.
  Now, not a single person in this body thinks that the United States 
should stand idle while ISIS wreaks havoc in the Middle East, but this 
is a sectarian civil war where the use of force and arming and training 
rebels will place us in the middle of a war where most recognize there 
is no military solution. So, before we expand the airstrikes in Iraq 
and vote to provide weapons and training to rebels in Syria, Congress 
must have a thorough and robust debate on the long-term implications of 
taking such actions.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of the gentlewoman has expired.
  Mrs. LOWEY. I yield the gentlewoman an additional 30 seconds.
  Ms. LEE of California. I have grave concerns about the specific 
proposal to arm and train the Free Syrian Army, which will be voted on 
tomorrow by this House, and I intend to address this further during the 
debate on the McKeon amendment.
  How can we ensure that U.S. weapons and training don't end up in the 
wrong hands?
  How in the world will we know when our objectives have been met and 
when ISIS has been contained or eliminated?
  How will we avoid getting embroiled in the civil war?
  Congress must weigh all of the options before us, not just the 
military ones, before we make any decision on committing the U.S. to 
yet another long-term war. This is the type of debate that we failed to 
have in the wake of 9/11 and which resulted in the passage of an overly 
broad authorization that continues to be used today.
  So we must ask the hard questions, not only about the current 
proposal to arm and train Syrian rebels, but about the entire strategy.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of the gentlewoman has again 
expired.
  Mrs. LOWEY. I yield the gentlewoman an additional 10 seconds.
  Ms. LEE of California. Finally, let me just say, we cannot become 
embroiled in another war. The cost and the consequences to our national 
security, to our brave men and women in uniform, and to our ability to 
continue to nation-build here at home must be laid out to the public. 
That is our constitutional duty and responsibility. Unfortunately, we 
get a pass with this continuing resolution.
  Mr. ROGERS of Kentucky. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my 
time.
  Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 5 minutes to the 
distinguished gentleman from Indiana (Mr. Visclosky), ranking member of 
the Defense Appropriations Subcommittee.
  Mr. VISCLOSKY. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentlewoman for yielding and 
also want to add my voice to those who are complimenting Mr. McLemore 
on his dedication to public service and his retirement as clerk of the 
Defense Subcommittee.
  I would tell my colleagues that, despite the strong leadership and 
very best efforts of Chairman Rogers and Ranking Member Lowey, I am 
abjectly disappointed that we again find ourselves in the position of 
considering another continuing resolution. Continuing resolutions are 
no way to run a nation. We cannot expect good government if we are 
incapable of providing appropriations in a timely and predictable 
manner.
  As importantly, I am greatly concerned about providing another 
authority for conducting military operations in the Middle East.
  In letters to Congress, the President has cited the powers granted to 
him in Article II of the United States Constitution as the legal basis 
for some of the actions already taken. In recent briefings and public 
statements, the administration also indicates that the authorized use 
of military force resolutions passed in 2001 and 2002 remain the legal 
foundation for current operations. However, these authorities were 
approved by the Congress in a different time and for different 
conflicts and with a very different membership.
  The time has come to rationalize the authorities with the needs of 
the current conflict and for the current legislative body to weigh in 
on this matter of war and peace rather than to rely on authorities 
intended for Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Laden.
  I appreciate the President's honesty in pointing out that the efforts 
to combat ISIL will extend into the next administration. So why, after 
3 years of civil war in Syria, are we including this authority in a 
continuing resolution that will be in effect for less than 3 months, 
providing a fleeting authority for what we all anticipate will be a 
protracted effort? Further, this approach fails to take into 
consideration the long-term financial costs of conducting this mission, 
which has been estimated to cost up to $500 million a year.
  I also believe that there is an inherent flaw in this strategy, 
training and equipping nonstate actors as the main effort in combating 
a threat to the region and our national security.

                              {time}  1445

  The United States invested lives and innumerable injuries, as well as 
a great deal of national treasure, to train and equip the Iraqi Army, 
only to see the result of that professional force collapse in the midst 
of serious conflict. Why then do we expect the next force we train to 
behave differently? We must also ask ourselves if we can truly vet 
these rebel groups beyond their known affiliations and ensure that we 
are not arming the next extremist threat to the region.
  I would note that, recently, some of our allies and partners in the 
region have made commitments of equipment, training areas, and 
financial resources. I believe far more will ultimately be required of 
them, including leadership and troops of their own, to truly degrade 
and defeat ISIL.
  The task of fighting ISIL is complicated. I am gravely concerned with 
the complexities we face while ensuring the safety of our forces. It is 
for these reasons that I am opposed to the amendment that will be 
offered by Chairman McKeon.
  Mr. ROGERS of Kentucky. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the 
gentleman from Florida (Mr. Diaz-Balart), a member of the Foreign 
Operations Subcommittee on Appropriations, a very hardworking member.
  Mr. DIAZ-BALART. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise to support this short-term continuing resolution.
  This CR simply keeps the government funded at the current fiscal year 
rate, which is, by the way, in line with the Ryan-Murray budget 
agreement that was passed by Congress last year under the steadfast 
leadership of Chairman Rogers, of our subcommittee chairmen and 
chairwomen, and of the ranking members.
  The House is doing its work. The House has done its work. We have 
passed 11 of the 12 bills out of the full committee, and seven of those 
appropriations bills, under regular order and through immense debate, 
have actually passed the floor of the House. Yet the Senate has passed 
how many appropriations bills? Mr. Speaker, not even one. That is why 
we are here, once again, with this continuing resolution. Our record 
very clearly shows that, unlike the Senate, the House is committed to 
actually doing the hard work--to going line by line to fund the

[[Page 14786]]

vital programs and looking at opportunities to eliminate waste and to 
reduce spending.
  Again, we have done our work. Now we need a willing partner, Mr. 
Speaker, on the other side, in the Senate, to do their part so then we 
can go to conference and negotiate the differences, but that is not in 
our hands. That is in the hands of the American people.
  We are now at the end of this fiscal year, as the chairman said--just 
a couple of weeks away. The key is to pass this continuing resolution 
to keep the government running. I look forward to working with my 
colleagues in the weeks ahead and continuing to go line by line, agency 
by agency, looking for waste, making sure that we are doing what has to 
be done. I also know that the House will do its job.
  Mr. Speaker, I commend the chairman and the members of the 
Appropriations Committee. Let's get this done.
  Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 5 minutes to the 
gentleman from Virginia (Mr. Moran), the ranking minority member of the 
Interior Appropriations Subcommittee and a senior member of the Defense 
Subcommittee.
  Mr. MORAN. I thank my very good friend, the ranking member of our 
committee.
  I want to join with Chairman Rogers and Chairman Frelinghuysen in the 
shout-out to Tom McLemore. I trust, as Chairman Rogers said, that he is 
going on to greener pastures. He deserves to.
  Mr. Speaker, the Congress is an imperfect body. Our constituents 
remind us of that on an almost daily basis. We certainly know that this 
is an imperfect process within which we have to operate, and the bill 
before us is an imperfect bill from our perspective and, I suspect, 
from the majority's perspective, but that is the world we live in. We 
have to choose the best option oftentimes among a host of difficult 
options, so this is the best option--to vote ``yes'' on this continuing 
resolution. It is the most responsible thing to do. To vote ``no'' 
would say that we are willing to let the government be shut down, 
unfunded. So we don't have a responsible option but to vote ``yes'' on 
this continuing resolution.
  I appreciate the work that Chairman Rogers, Ranking Member Lowey, and 
the chairs of the committees and of the subcommittees have put in to 
making it as good as we could under the circumstances.
  We also have an imperfect option with regard to the Ex-Im Bank. It 
ought to be extended for an additional 5 more years. It generates a lot 
of money for the United States, and we offer fewer subsidies than our 
allies do to multinational corporations, but to not extend it at least 
until June 30 is irresponsible. Again, it is the best option we have 
before us.
  Similarly, Mr. Speaker, with regard to the McKeon amendment, which 
would provide $500 million to train and equip Syrian soldiers to fight 
ISIS, I don't think we have a better option. I find it difficult to 
disagree with my colleagues, particularly with colleagues who I am so 
fond of, such as the gentleman from Indiana, but if we are going to 
vote ``no,'' we ought to have an alternative.
  What would we do under the circumstances? I don't know what better 
alternative there is.
  Are we going to ignore what ISIS is doing in Iraq? Are we going to 
ignore the fact that the death toll over the last year has been almost 
10,000 people--9,826--excluding deaths from the Syrian civil war? 
17,000 have been executed in Tikrit, and 650 were executed in Mosul 
just because they were non-Arabs or non-Sunni Muslims. It was ethnic 
cleansing on an historic scale. Now 20 journalists are missing in 
Syria. Many of them are held by the Islamic State. The U.N. estimates 
that more than a million people have been displaced by violence in Iraq 
in this year alone.
  It is serious given what they have done and particularly given the 
fact that ISIS is growing exponentially. I remember we got a figure of 
about 12,000, and then, last week, it was about 20,000. This week, it 
is estimated that there are over 30,000. They are recruited from all 
over the world--15,000 foreign fighters, 2,000 of whom are westerners 
who hold passports where there is a visa waiver and they might be able 
to get into the United States. Some of them are Americans. They are 
making millions of dollars a day in revenue from oil and kidnapping and 
so on. Their assets are estimated at about $2 billion. This is the 
wealthiest, most lethal, extremist terrorist group that has yet to 
present itself on the planet.
  Can we turn around and do nothing?
  The reality is, since the United States has the largest, most capable 
military--larger and more capable than all of the other militaries in 
the world combined--the responsibility falls on our shoulders to lead. 
What we are doing is leading by training, by seeing to it that, while 
there will be boots on the ground, there won't be primarily Americans 
in those boots. It will be people who know the territory, who know the 
language, who know the culture, and who have been vetted. We will 
provide intelligence and air support. This is the best of a long list 
of bad options.
  Mr. Speaker, I think we need to vote ``aye'' and allow the President 
to proceed on this policy.
  Mr. ROGERS of Kentucky. Mr. Speaker, I want to associate myself with 
the remarks of the gentleman from Virginia, who made an excellent 
presentation.
  May I inquire of the time remaining?
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Kentucky has 18\1/2\ 
minutes remaining. The gentlewoman from New York has 15\1/4\ minutes 
remaining.
  Mr. ROGERS of Kentucky. Mr. Speaker, I continue to reserve the 
balance of my time.
  Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished 
gentleman from Texas (Mr. Cuellar), a member of the Homeland Security 
and Foreign Operations Subcommittees.
  Mr. CUELLAR. I thank Ranking Member Lowey for yielding.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of passing this legislation before us.
  First, I want to thank Chairman Rogers, and I certainly want to thank 
the ranking member, Mrs. Lowey, for working together to produce this 
continuing resolution. This continuing resolution will maintain vital 
funding for the Federal agencies that provide services to taxpayers.
  Congress has two major responsibilities, which are to pass a budget 
and to pay our bills on time. This bill would ensure that, while the 
House and the Senate will pass these appropriations bills probably in 
the form of an omnibus bill at the end of the year, we need to pass 
this CR. Additionally, this CR will contain much-needed funds to 
respond to the Ebola outbreak, to the reauthorization authority for the 
Export-Import Bank, and to provide the administration funding 
flexibility to deal with unaccompanied minors at the border.
  Tomorrow, we will also have an amendment to help fight the ISIS 
threat, and we must stand together with our President to fight that 
threat. I know it is a complicated situation, but doing nothing is 
certainly not an option. Last year, our failure to uphold the basic 
responsibilities of Congress resulted in a government shutdown, and we 
must not let that happen again. We do need the CR, but we must get back 
to regular order--pass full appropriations bills, go to conference, and 
get our job done. I think, if we are able to do that, we will be able 
to make sure that we do the hard job that we were sent up here to do. 
We were not sent up here to make the easy decisions. These are 
difficult decisions, but this is the responsibility of Congress.
  Again, I do want to thank the chairman, and I do want to thank the 
ranking member. I stand in support of the CR and of the amendment that 
will be coming in tomorrow to fight the threat that we see with ISIS.
  Mr. ROGERS of Kentucky. Mr. Speaker, I continue to reserve the 
balance of my time.
  Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 3 minutes to the 
gentlewoman from Ohio (Ms. Kaptur), ranking member of the Energy and 
Water Appropriations Subcommittee.
  Ms. KAPTUR. I thank our very capable ranking member, Mrs. Lowey of 
New York, for yielding me this time.

[[Page 14787]]

  Mr. Speaker, I echo the disappointment already expressed that, once 
again, the end of the fiscal year has come, and rather than this House 
completing its work on the 12 appropriations bills, we are scrambling 
to pass now another continuing resolution.
  This is a classic definition of ``dysfunction''--kicking the can down 
the road, shirking our responsibility to address the priorities of our 
Nation through precise 2015 departmental funding levels and with 
decisiveness. We get the reverse of that--uncertainty, a 3 month kick 
the can. It hurts job growth. It hurts economic recovery. We must 
reverse this regression and inertia. Congress must make the difficult 
choices that allow our Republic to function with certainty and dispatch 
again.
  On the Energy and Water Subcommittee, we took great strides to set 
such a path forward. While I did not agree with some parts of the bill, 
our subcommittee did its job to fund critical job creation in water 
resource projects, to support science activities necessary for American 
competitiveness and economic growth, to fund work on critical national 
defense priorities, nuclear nonproliferation, and our cleanup efforts. 
Unfortunately, this continuing resolution stalls that work. Contracts 
cannot be let, and it keeps us mired in the past.
  While our bill addresses a limited number of immediate needs, 
including flexibility for the Department of Energy to continue ongoing 
cleanup at the Portsmouth Gaseous Diffusion Plant, America surely needs 
a firmer path forward, and I plead with the leadership of this 
institution to do that. It is my sincere hope that this short-term 
continuing resolution provides the necessary time to pass full-year 
appropriations so that Congress measures up to what the American people 
expect of us, and that is to do our job. 2015 funding levels should 
match the requirements of reality, not political stunts 6 weeks before 
an election.

                              {time}  1500

  Mr. ROGERS of Kentucky. Mr. Speaker, may I inquire of my colleague if 
she has further requests for time?
  Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Speaker, having no further requests for time, I yield 
back the balance of my time.
  Mr. ROGERS of Kentucky. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself the balance of my 
time.
  I think, as has been said here numerous times by people on both sides 
of the aisle, we regret that we are having to bring a continuing 
resolution to the floor to continue the government over the end of the 
fiscal year. But that is because we attempted on the House side, on 
both sides of the aisle, to pass all 12 of these individual 
appropriations bills. And we were on our way to passing all of them 
until the Senate decided they weren't going to take any of them up, and 
they haven't. So it left us no choice but to ask for a continuing 
resolution to keep the government's lights on until December 11, by 
which time, hopefully, we will be able to cobble together an omnibus 
appropriations bill for all of the government for all of next year.
  So that is where we are. We really have no choice. I don't think 
either side wants to shut down the government. Certainly on this side, 
we do not. So the necessity is that we pass this bill.
  Now, the amendment coming up, on giving the President the authority 
to establish training bases and equip fighters in Syria, is all 
important, an amendment that I certainly support and welcome into the 
appropriations bill.
  So, Mr. Speaker, I want to thank my colleague from New York (Mrs. 
Lowey) for her hard work on these bills all year long, and all of the 
staff and all of the members of the committee on both sides of the 
aisle. We are a committee that abhors continuing resolutions, yet we 
are faced with no choice but to try to pass one.
  So I urge my colleagues to support the continuing resolution, and I 
yield back the balance of my time.
  Mr. RYAN of Wisconsin. Mr. Speaker, this continuing resolution (H.J. 
Res. 124) ensures that there will be no government shutdown and that 
the men and women of America's armed forces and diplomatic service will 
have the resources they need in Afghanistan and beyond to protect the 
nation from the dangers of terrorism. This resolution continues funding 
on a temporary basis at fiscal year 2014 levels, but it does not 
provide the final, full-year spending levels for the government. For 
war-related spending, the resolution provides for an interim rate of 
spending that is over $26 billion more than the President's June 26, 
2014 amended request for these purposes for fiscal year 2015. At this 
stage, there is a great deal of uncertainty about the precise needs for 
these activities.
  The Budget Committee has jurisdiction over the use of the statutory 
authority that permits for spending in excess of the discretionary caps 
for funding designated for Overseas Contingency Operations/Global War 
on Terrorism. On a bipartisan basis, the Budget Committee has expressed 
concern that the OCO/GWOT budget has been misused by both this 
Administration and the previous Administration. In addition, Congress 
has generally gone along with using these funds for purposes outside of 
OCO/GWOT requirements. The Committee highlighted this concern in the 
report accompanying the FY 2015 budget resolution.
  While I support this interim funding measure and want to ensure our 
armed forces have the resources they need for these purposes, together 
with the Committee's ranking Democratic member Mr. Van Hollen, I will 
work to ensure that the final full-year appropriation for these 
purposes funds only those requirements that are closely related to the 
incremental, non-enduring costs of our overseas engagement in 
Afghanistan and the broader Middle East.
  Mr. VAN HOLLEN. Mr. Speaker, to keep the government open, the House 
is considering a continuing resolution (H.J. Res. 124) that permits 
government agencies to continue spending at the 2014 level through 
December 11, 2014. As a result, it allows a rate of overseas 
contingency operations spending at the Department of Defense, 
Department of State, and other agencies that if sustained over the 
entire fiscal year would total $92 billion. This sum exceeds what the 
Administration requested for overseas contingency operations for 2015 
by $26 billion. Budget Committee Chairman Paul Ryan and I agree that 
this bill should not be interpreted as endorsing the expansion of 
overseas contingency operations spending above what our military 
commanders say is needed to support our troops engaged in war 
operations. Congress will revisit the full-year funding needs for 
overseas contingency operations at a future date, including whatever 
resources may be necessary to counter emerging threats, including those 
ISIL poses. Over the course of the CR period, the Administration should 
spend OCO funding at a rate that will still allow for full-year funding 
at no higher than the level military commanders say is needed for 2015.
  The OCO budget has been misused to get around discretionary funding 
caps over the years. Billions of dollars of non-war related activities 
have been funded in the OCO budget. For 2014, Congress shifted $9 
billion of non-war activities into the OCO budget so it could free up 
funds within the budget caps. Over 2001 through 2014, Pentagon OCO cost 
reports indicate that $71 billion of non-war funding was provided 
through war appropriations.
  This is a problem that both Chairman Ryan and I have been looking at 
in the Budget Committee. We both agree that the OCO budget should only 
be used to fund those requirements that are related to the transitory, 
non-recurring costs of war activities. In fact, the Budget Committee 
adopted report language as part of the budget resolution affirming that 
goal. It says, ``Abuse of the OCO/GWOT cap adjustment is a backdoor 
loophole that undermines the integrity of the budget process. The 
Budget Committee will exercise its oversight responsibilities with 
respect to the use of the OCO/GWOT designation in the FY 2015 budget 
process, and it will oppose increases above the levels the 
Administration and our military commanders say are needed to carry out 
operations unless it can be clearly demonstrated that such amounts are 
war-related.''
  We should provide our military and diplomatic corps all the resources 
they need to carry out the important missions the country gives them. 
However, we should not use the OCO budget as a back-door mechanism to 
get around discretionary funding caps. The continuing resolution gives 
the Administration the spending authority needed to keep the government 
open and to give the necessary resources to support those engaged in 
operations overseas. It does not give the Administration a blank check 
to finance non-war activities.

[[Page 14788]]

  In the coming months when the House considers the final full-year 
appropriation for overseas contingency operations, I am committed to 
working with Chairman Ryan to ensure that funds appropriated in the OCO 
budget will only be used for war-related costs.
  Mr. MILLER of Florida. Mr. Speaker, I support the inclusion of 
additional funding for the United States Office of Special Counsel, 
``OSC'' in section 124 of H.J. Res. 124. There is a critical need for 
ongoing oversight of the Department of Veterans Affairs, ``VA.'' This 
section of the Continuing Resolution recognizes that need by providing 
an increase in funding for the OSC.
  OSC protects whistleblowers government-wide who expose waste, fraud, 
abuse, and mismanagement. Since the House Committee on Veterans' 
Affairs discovered the use of unofficial, unlawful scheduling lists at 
the Phoenix VA Health Care System, VA employees across the country have 
stepped forward to report allegations of further misconduct and threats 
to Veterans' health care. Whistleblowers have been at the heart of 
exposing misconduct and promoting accountability at the VA. Many of 
them have faced retaliation and threats from VA management. This has a 
chilling and crippling effect on our efforts to restore confidence in 
the VA.
  OSC has been inundated with claims of retaliation and disclosures 
from VA employees. OSC's numbers are at record-setting levels. In the 
aftermath of the initial exposure of the VA scandal, cases from VA 
employees comprise over 29 percent of all OSC's cases, which covers the 
entire Federal government. This year, OSC will receive over 300 more 
cases from VA whistleblowers than in the previous year. This is a 
massive increase for a tiny Federal agency like OSC. In testimony 
before the House Committee on Veterans' Affairs, Special Counsel 
Carolyn Lerner told us that OSC had to establish a new priority intake 
system for VA cases. OSC also reallocated much of its small staff to 
deal with the VA increase.
  Despite its small size, OSC's efforts are making a tremendous 
difference. Its work has already resulted in relief for courageous VA 
employees who were retaliated against for speaking out about wait lists 
and improper care. OSC's review of the VA Office of Medical Inspector 
led to an overhaul of the internal oversight structure at the VA.
  However, OSC cannot keep up with the influx of claims and respond to 
them in a timely and responsible manner. The funding increase will 
provide the additional staff and related expenses necessary to support 
ongoing investigations of misconduct and whistleblower reprisal. It 
will promote accountability and better administration of the VA.
  I thank Chairman Rogers for his work to help clean up the problems at 
the VA through increased funding of the OSC in section 124 of H.J. Res. 
124.
  Mr. WENSTRUP. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the President's 
request to train vetted, moderate Syrian rebels, as I believe it is 
only one step in the right direction and it's supported by military 
experts.
  Tremendous oversight is going to be necessary in this effort. And 
unfortunately I fear, as do many experienced generals and military 
personnel, that it's part of a strategy that's insufficient to secure 
America's national security.
  The President's stated objective is to destroy ISIL. However, I 
believe that this overall strategy, and the means requested, are not 
enough to meet this objective.
  The current strategy relies on U.S. airpower in support of local 
forces. This is not a counterterrorism effort, and to destroy ISIL, 
it's necessary to have strong coordinated ground troops.
  The local ground forces the President is planning to rely on appear 
currently unready and they will need to operate with a strong central 
command and control.
  The President's strategy does not provide for U.S. Special Forces and 
the backing of our grounds troops, even though our military leaders 
have repeatedly suggested the exact recommendation.
  Our security is too important to base military strategy on political 
calculations. Our strategy must be firmly rooted in what is necessary 
in order to complete the mission and to ensure our security. From 
Clausewitz to Powell, military leaders have preached the necessity of 
decisive force.
  I served in Iraq. We heeded this wisdom and committed to win with 
decisive force. We acted on military reality and not political risk.
  We can do this again and fulfill the American objective to destroy 
ISIL, but we must commit ourselves to do what is necessary. Not only 
what it takes, but whatever it takes.
  Mr. VAN HOLLEN. Mr. Speaker, I support the core pillars of the 
President's plan to fight ISIS--the use of American surveillance, 
intelligence assets and air power to support the ground operations of 
the Iraqi army and Kurdish fighters in Iraq, and to strike ISIS 
military equipment, troop concentrations, and command and control in 
Syria. I also believe we should supply weapons to those groups in 
Syria, such as the Syrian Kurds, who have consistently fought ISIS, and 
whose priority is to defeat ISIS. I welcome the opportunity to work 
with my colleagues to revise the existing 2001 Authorization to Use 
Military Force to more clearly support these objectives, but to also 
ensure that U.S. ground forces are not engaged in combat in Iraq or 
Syria.
  My one concern with the Administration's plan relates to the proposal 
to arm the so-called ``moderate'' Syrian opposition. I believe that it 
is a well-intentioned proposal that will have unintended negative 
consequences that will not serve our ultimate goal of defeating ISIS.
  First, the primary objective of these Sunni Islamist fighters is the 
defeat of Assad and his Alawite dominated regime--not the defeat of 
ISIS. Since the start of the war there have been shifting alliances 
among these Sunni Islamist forces that include the al-Qaeda affiliate, 
Jabhat al-Nusra, different elements of the Free Syrian Army, the 
Islamist Front, Ahrar al-Sham and ISIS, among others. Their common 
cause and overriding objective is defeating Assad. Indeed, the 
commander of the Syria Revolutionaries' Front, Jamal Maarouf, one of 
the most militarily proficient commanders of the FSA, recently said 
that, ``It's clear that I'm not fighting against al-Qaeda. This is a 
problem outside of Syria's border, so it's not our problem. I don't 
have a problem with anyone who fights against the regime inside 
Syria.''
  While there is no doubt that Assad is a brutal dictator, he does not 
pose the same threat to the United States as ISIS, and his forces have 
recently been battling ISIS. At this point, arming fighters whose 
primary purpose is to weaken Assad has one unintended result--
strengthening ISIS. Indeed, I fear that the arms we provide to the so-
called Syrian opposition are more likely to end up in ISIS hands than 
to be used against ISIS terrorists.
  There is one group within Syria that has been battling ISIS from the 
start, and that is the Syrian Kurds. We should provide material support 
to these Kurdish fighters in Syria.
  We should also continue our efforts to get the Sunni tribesmen in 
Iraq and Syria to take up the fight against ISIS. The President and his 
team deserve great credit for helping to push former Prime Minister 
Maliki from power. He ruled Iraq, not as a nationalist Iraqi leader, 
but as a Shia strongman. That sectarian approach alienated the Sunni 
population in Iraq, and made them more open to tolerating the rise of 
ISIS.
  With the emergence of a more inclusive Iraqi government, we must work 
with all parties to assure Sunni tribesman that their interests are 
better served by a united Iraq than by ISIS. That is why the 
President's emphasis on a political component to this strategy is so 
important.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Meadows). All time for debate on the 
joint resolution has expired.


  Amendment Printed in Part B of House Report 113-600 Offered by Mr. 
                                 McKeon

  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, I have an amendment at the desk.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Clerk will designate the amendment.
  The text of the amendment is as follows:

       At the end of the joint resolution (before the short 
     title), insert the following:
       Sec. _. (a) The Secretary of Defense is authorized, in 
     coordination with the Secretary of State, to provide 
     assistance, including training, equipment, supplies, and 
     sustainment, to appropriately vetted elements of the Syrian 
     opposition and other appropriately vetted Syrian groups and 
     individuals for the following purposes:
       (1) Defending the Syrian people from attacks by the Islamic 
     State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), and securing territory 
     controlled by the Syrian opposition.
       (2) Protecting the United States, its friends and allies, 
     and the Syrian people from the threats posed by terrorists in 
     Syria.
       (3) Promoting the conditions for a negotiated settlement to 
     end the conflict in Syria.
       (b) Not later than 15 days prior to providing assistance 
     authorized under subsection (a) to vetted recipients for the 
     first time--
       (1) the Secretary of Defense, in coordination with the 
     Secretary of State, shall submit to the appropriate 
     congressional committees and leadership of the House of 
     Representatives and Senate a report, in unclassified form 
     with a classified annex as appropriate, that contains a 
     description of--
       (A) the plan for providing such assistance;
       (B) the requirements and process used to determine 
     appropriately vetted recipients; and

[[Page 14789]]

       (C) the mechanisms and procedures that will be used to 
     monitor and report to the appropriate congressional 
     committees and leadership of the House of Representatives and 
     Senate on unauthorized end-use of provided training and 
     equipment and other violations of relevant law by recipients; 
     and
       (2) the President shall submit to the appropriate 
     congressional committees and leadership of the House of 
     Representatives and Senate a report, in unclassified form 
     with a classified annex as appropriate, that contains a 
     description of how such assistance fits within a larger 
     regional strategy.
       (c) The plan required in subsection (b)(1) shall include a 
     description of--
       (1) the goals and objectives of assistance authorized under 
     subsection (a);
       (2) the concept of operations, timelines, and types of 
     training, equipment, and supplies to be provided;
       (3) the roles and contributions of partner nations;
       (4) the number of United States Armed Forces personnel 
     involved;
       (5) any additional military support and sustainment 
     activities; and
       (6) any other relevant details.
       (d) Not later than 90 days after the Secretary of Defense 
     submits the report required in subsection (b)(1), and every 
     90 days thereafter, the Secretary of Defense, in coordination 
     with the Secretary of State, shall provide the appropriate 
     congressional committees and leadership of the House of 
     Representatives and the Senate with a progress report. Such 
     progress report shall include a description of--
       (1) any updates to or changes in the plan, strategy, 
     vetting requirements and process, and end-use monitoring 
     mechanisms and procedures, as required in subsection (b)(1);
       (2) statistics on green-on-blue attacks and how such 
     attacks are being mitigated;
       (3) the groups receiving assistance authorized under 
     subsection (a);
       (4) the recruitment, throughput, and retention rates of 
     recipients and equipment;
       (5) any misuse or loss of provided training and equipment 
     and how such misuse or loss is being mitigated; and
       (6) an assessment of the effectiveness of the assistance 
     authorized under subsection (a) as measured against 
     subsections (b) and (c).
       (e) For purposes of this section, the following definitions 
     shall apply:
       (1) The term ``appropriately vetted'' means, with respect 
     to elements of the Syrian opposition and other Syrian groups 
     and individuals, at a minimum, assessments of such elements, 
     groups, and individuals for associations with terrorist 
     groups, Shia militias aligned with or supporting the 
     Government of Syria, and groups associated with the 
     Government of Iran. Such groups include, but are not limited 
     to, the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), Jabhat 
     al Nusrah, Ahrar al Sham, other al-Qaeda related groups, and 
     Hezbollah.
       (2) The term ``appropriate congressional committees'' 
     means--
       (A) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on 
     Foreign Affairs, the Committee on Appropriations, and the 
     Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of 
     Representatives; and
       (B) the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on 
     Foreign Relations, the Committee on Appropriations, and the 
     Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate.
       (f) The Department of Defense may submit a reprogramming or 
     transfer request to the congressional defense committees for 
     funds made available by section 101(a)(3) of this joint 
     resolution and designated in section 114 of this joint 
     resolution to carry out activities authorized under this 
     section notwithstanding sections 102 and 104 of this joint 
     resolution.
       (g) The Secretary of Defense may accept and retain 
     contributions, including assistance in-kind, from foreign 
     governments to carry out activities as authorized by this 
     section which shall be credited to appropriations made 
     available by this joint resolution for the appropriate 
     operation and maintenance accounts, except that any funds so 
     accepted by the Secretary shall not be available for 
     obligation until a reprogramming action is submitted to the 
     congressional defense committees: Provided, That amounts made 
     available by this subsection are designated by the Congress 
     for Overseas Contingency Operations/Global War on Terrorism 
     pursuant to section 251(b)(2)(A) of the Balanced Budget and 
     Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985: Provided further, That 
     such amounts shall be available only if the President so 
     designates such amounts and transmits such designations to 
     the Congress.
       (h) The authority provided in this section shall continue 
     in effect through the earlier of the date specified in 
     section 106(3) of this joint resolution or the date of the 
     enactment of an Act authorizing appropriations for fiscal 
     year 2015 for military activities of the Department of 
     Defense.
       (i) Nothing in this section shall be construed to 
     constitute a specific statutory authorization for the 
     introduction of United States Armed Forces into hostilities 
     or into situations wherein hostilities are clearly indicated 
     by the circumstances.
       (j) Nothing in this section supersedes or alters the 
     continuing obligations of the President to report to Congress 
     pursuant to section 4 of the War Powers Resolution (50 U.S.C. 
     1543) regarding the use of United States Armed Forces abroad.

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to House Resolution 722, the 
gentleman from California (Mr. McKeon) and the gentleman from 
Washington (Mr. Smith) each will control 3 hours.
  The Chair recognizes the gentleman from California.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
  I rise to offer an amendment to House Joint Resolution 124 to provide 
authority to train and equip appropriately vetted elements of the 
Syrian opposition in order to defend the Syrian people from attacks by 
ISIL and to protect the United States and our friends and allies.
  ISIL is a clear and present threat to our allies across the Middle 
East and to the United States. In this time of crisis, the President 
has asked for this authority because none of the existing Department of 
Defense train-and equip-programs fit the circumstances. Specifically, 
the President has requested the authority to train and equip 
nongovernmental entities fighting in the non-U.S.-led operation in 
Syria.
  There is no doubt that any strategy to defeat ISIL must contain a 
Syria component. I believe that there are options to defeat ISIL in 
Syria short of a major U.S.-led combat operation. But the window of 
opportunity is closing. That is why I am supporting the President's 
request and have agreed to draft an amendment to the continuing 
resolution based on a modified version of the administration's initial 
proposal.
  My amendment would allow the Secretary of Defense to provide 
assistance, including training, equipment, supplies, and the 
sustainment of the vetted opposition. The provision is intended to 
authorize activities necessary to facilitate such training and 
equipping activities, including the appropriate modification of 
existing facilities and the establishment of expeditionary facilities 
suitable for such training and accommodation, as well as payment of 
stipends to trainees.
  The President's request did not specify the amount of funding that 
would be required for this effort and contained few oversight 
requirements. Therefore, my amendment would strengthen congressional 
oversight by requiring detailed reports, including progress reports on 
the plan, the vetting process, and the procedures for monitoring the 
end use of the training and equipment. It would also require the 
President to report on how this authority fits within a larger regional 
strategy.
  This amendment does not authorize additional funds. However, it would 
allow the Department of Defense to submit reprogramming requests to 
Congress should the President require funds to execute this authority. 
It also permits the Secretary of Defense to accept foreign 
contributions.
  Lastly, the amendment would state that nothing in this bill be 
construed to constitute a specific statutory authorization for the 
introduction of the United States Armed Forces into hostilities. There 
may be a time when we need to have an AUMF debate, but this is not it. 
The President has not asked for such an authority.
  My amendment is narrowly focused on training and equipping Syrian 
opposition fighters to counter ISIL. This language was drafted in 
collaboration with the chairs of the national security committees and 
shared with the minority. Additionally, the language for this authority 
has been reviewed by the Department of Defense and the National 
Security Council.
  Lastly, let me emphasize that this train-and-equip authority is a 
necessary part--but only one part--of what should be a larger strategy. 
It must be part of a larger effort in Syria, in Iraq, and across the 
region.
  Let's also remember that it will be our men and women in uniform who 
will be conducting this training. We continue to ask more and more of 
our military, yet their funding continues to be cut. This is not 
sustainable and must be addressed.
  Again, ISIL is a clear and present threat to the United States and 
our interests. My amendment is a necessary step to support what should 
be a larger

[[Page 14790]]

strategy by the President to defeat ISIL.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. SMITH of Washington. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I 
may consume.
  I too rise in support of this amendment. As the chairman laid out, 
there is no question that ISIL is a clear threat to our interests, and 
they are a threat in two clear ways. Number one, a large number of 
foreign fighters are going over to Syria and Iraq to support them. Some 
of those foreign fighters--estimates are somewhere in the 100 range--
have come from the U.S., and thousands have come from Western Europe. 
Many of those have returned to that home country, and they present a 
clear threat. As long as ISIS or ISIL is there to threaten us, the 
fighters that fight with them will become a threat to the rest of us.
  But in a broader sense, if ISIL is able to control territory in Iraq 
and in Syria and have a safe and secure haven, they will, without 
question, plot and plan attacks against the West. They have already 
said that is their plan, and that is exactly what happened when al 
Qaeda had safe haven in Afghanistan. So denying ISIL safe haven is 
clearly in the United States' interests.
  I think a humanitarian aspect of this is also worth stating. As was 
noted by some earlier speakers on the CR debate, you cannot imagine a 
more violent and dangerous and just hedonistic group of people. The 
number of folks that they have brutally murdered in Iraq and Syria 
solely because they refused to pledge allegiance to ISIS and their 
twisted view of their religion is staggering. This is a group that must 
be stopped.
  Now, the sad fact is, the United States military cannot stop them on 
our own. This has to be primarily a local fight. The folks in the 
region have to take up this battle.
  And I believe that they have started to in Iraq, but we need to open 
a front in Syria. Because the problem is, if ISIS can hold themselves 
out as an organization that is fighting against Western imperialism, 
that brings supporters to them. If, on the other hand, they are, as 
they clearly are, just a group of murderous thugs that are killing more 
Muslims than anybody has killed in a very long time, then we can build 
support from the local population, from the Sunni population, to oppose 
them.
  Now, we have already seen some success on this in Iraq. And I think 
the President was absolutely right to take his time in Iraq and wait 
for a coalition to work with. If the U.S. had simply come in over the 
top right off the bat and had started bombing ISIS, we would have been 
perceived as choosing the Shia side in the Shia-Sunni civil war. And in 
so doing, we would have strengthened ISIS. By insisting that Prime 
Minister Maliki be replaced, by insisting that Iraq begin to at least 
start some sort of power sharing arrangement with the Sunnis, we were 
able to build a stronger coalition by also building support from the 
Kurds, a Sunni group. We could then be in support of them fighting ISIS 
and pushing them out.
  Now, the great flaw in this theory is, the border between Iraq and 
Syria is nonexistent, as far as ISIS is concerned, and they can go back 
and forth across it.

                              {time}  1515

  If we don't have any way to get at them in Syria, it gives them an 
enormous advantage in continuing to press the fight in Iraq and 
potentially elsewhere, but the challenge is: How do we open that front? 
Because we face the same dilemma in Syria that we faced in Iraq.
  The dominant issue that started everything in Syria was opposition to 
the Assad regime, a regime very much worth opposing. As the President 
and many on the floor here have said, Assad must go. He is an 
illegitimate leader.
  If we were simply to come in and appear to be playing the role of 
Assad's air force in Syria, again, that would strengthen ISIS. That 
would drive Sunnis and the anti-regime elements in Syria into their 
arms.
  Mr. Speaker, we need a partner in Syria that we can support that is 
an alternative to Assad and is an alternative to ISIS. The problem is 
that right now we don't really have one.
  We have a small group of people that we have been supporting in a 
variety of different ways, but we need that group to grow. We need to 
have a partner to support if we are ever going to hope to contain ISIS 
in Syria in Iraq. The only way to do that is to start.
  I have heard a number of complaints. People say, ``But, gosh, are 
there really any moderates out there? Are there enough to make a 
difference? What if they switch sides?''
  There are all kinds of problems, but the bottom line is if you 
believe that we have to open a front in Syria to stop ISIS--and I don't 
see how you can believe otherwise--to give them Syria and say, ``We are 
not going to challenge you there,'' I think makes it impossible to even 
significantly degrade them and, certainly, to ever defeat them; so we 
need to open a front.
  How do you do that, Mr. Speaker? Well, you can't open a front unless 
you start the process, and that is what Mr. McKeon's amendment does. It 
starts the process. It gives the ability to train and equip a force 
that will be opposed to Assad and opposed to ISIS.
  Now, I don't think we should have any illusions, and I know 
Americans--I would prefer this as well--we would say, Look, we are 
going to win this war, and we are going to win it in 100 days, and here 
is what we--this is going to be a long process. This is not something 
that is going to happen quickly.
  It is simply the nature of the conflict in that part of the world 
that it is going to take time to find the people, train them, and equip 
them, but, if we do not try, Mr. Speaker, then ISIS is going to sit in 
Syria unchallenged, continuing to brutally murder civilians of all 
stripes and continuing to spread their unique ideology of hatred and 
violence. We have to start somewhere, and I think this amendment gives 
us the opportunity to start somewhere.
  I also want to note that I like the fact that the amendment is only 
effective until the end of the CR and says that this should be 
contained in the National Defense Authorization Act. This is an 
authorizing action, and it should be done in an authorizing bill.
  Now, we have got to get started, and we don't have time. Regrettably, 
the Senate has not acted, so we don't have the NDAA yet, but we will in 
the next month or two. I think we can then put this language into the 
NDAA and make it more long term in terms of the authorization; so I 
appreciate that.
  I also feel, as the chairman does, that Congress should do a broader 
AUMF on the fight against ISIS, on what we are doing in Iraq and Syria. 
We have launched, I think, well in the hundreds, now, of bombing 
missions against ISIS. This is something where Congress should act.
  Mr. Speaker, the only area of disagreement I have is I keep hearing 
colleagues say, ``Well, the President ought to ask for it. We are the 
legislative branch.'' I hear all the time, ``Gosh, the President is 
overstepping our authorities, always telling us what to do, and he is 
ignoring the law.''
  Why does he have to ask? If this is what we want to do--we are the 
United States Congress. The legislative branch ought to act.
  I think the President is right in saying he is going to do what he 
believes he has the right to do under article II to protect this 
country, but Congress should act; so we should act. We shouldn't wait 
for him to ask. We should put together an AUMF to more broadly 
authorize this, and that is something that should be appropriately done 
as well.
  In the short term, we need to start a front against ISIS in Syria, 
and the only way to do that is to build a legitimate local force that 
can begin that fight. Train and equip is the first step, I believe, and 
then this process that regrettably will not be quick.
  With that, Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the distinguished 
gentleman from Kentucky (Mr. Rogers),

[[Page 14791]]

my friend and colleague, the chairman of the Committee on 
Appropriations.
  Mr. ROGERS of Kentucky. Mr. Speaker, I thank and congratulate the 
chairman and Mr. Smith for their work on this issue.
  I rise in support of this amendment. It has become urgent, Mr. 
Speaker, that we make serious strides against ISIL, and we must act 
quickly to curb their influence and to fight back against terrorism of 
the most brutal sort.
  Chairman McKeon's amendment which provides the authority to train and 
equip Syrian rebels to fight ISIL is the right approach, and I support 
its inclusion on this continuing resolution.
  Over the past week, the House has done due diligence to ensure that 
this amendment language is appropriate, supporting limited yet adequate 
efforts to degrade and destroy ISIL.
  While providing our Commander in Chief with the tools he has 
requested for the near term, language is also included to prevent an 
open-ended blank check for these efforts.
  This will help ensure that Congress maintains funding authority and 
oversight over taxpayer dollars and the use of our military forces. Mr. 
Speaker, I want to associate myself with the remarks of Mr. Smith who 
just spoke who gave a very eloquent and full explanation of where we 
are, and I support his statement.
  I encourage my colleagues to support this critical amendment and then 
the underlying resolution today or tomorrow.
  Mr. SMITH of Washington. I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from 
Virginia (Mr. Moran).
  Mr. MORAN. Mr. Speaker, I thank my friend from Washington State, and 
I want to associate myself with his remarks, as well as the remarks of 
the chairman of our Armed Services Committee and the chairman of our 
Appropriations Committee.
  All three leaders have played a consequential role over the last many 
years in establishing the United States military as the largest, most 
capable, and best-funded military in the world, in fact, larger than 
all the other militaries combined; so it is no wonder that the rest of 
the world turns to us for leadership.
  That is not the major reason they turn to us for leadership, Mr. 
Speaker. They turn to us because they understand our profound belief 
and respect for human rights, democratic governance, and inclusive 
society.
  Now, ISIS violates everything we believe in. They are opposed to 
respect for human rights. They are opposed to democratic governance 
and, certainly, to an inclusive society. That is not the reason why we 
support this amendment--because there are other people like that--but, 
in the judgment of our military, ISIS is expanding at a rate that 
cannot be ignored, and that has to be stopped.
  ISIS is expanding in numbers exponentially. They are worth $2 
billion. They are, now, the best-funded, most lethal terrorist 
organization that we have ever seen in modern history; so we cannot 
turn our backs on this. We know that we have substantial assets and, 
particularly, personnel in Baghdad. They will be targeting Baghdad as 
soon as they are capable of it.
  We have to protect the capital of Iraq. We need to contribute to 
stability in that region because it is not going to stay static. It is 
only going to get worse, or it is going to get better.
  The proposal before us is not to put American boots on the ground, 
but to use American intelligence, to use American trainers, to use 
American equipment, and to prepare Syrians, particularly, to do the job 
that needs to be done in their region of the world.
  They know the geography, they know the language, and they understand 
the cultures. We are going to prepare them to be the best equipped and 
best trained to carry out a mission that they must share with us.
  ISIS, if it is not confronted, will grow. It will become a greater 
threat. That is what we hear from our military. It seems to me, Mr. 
Speaker, that our military has earned respect for their judgment. They 
know how to provide the kind of security that so many Americans are 
able to take for granted.
  If they say this is the right thing to do at this point in time, it 
seems to me the Congress needs to show support for them; so I stand in 
support of the McKeon amendment.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, I yield 4 minutes to the gentleman from 
California (Mr. Royce), my friend and colleague, the chairman of the 
Committee on Foreign Affairs.
  Mr. ROYCE. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of this amendment. 
Today, we face, as we know, a great and growing threat from ISIL. Never 
has a terrorist organization controlled so much territory, a safe 
haven, as well, to plan future attacks.
  Never has one had access to vital natural resources. Never has a 
terrorist organization possessed the ready cash, the heavy weaponry, 
and the personnel that ISIL possesses.
  We are late in responding. At least 2 years ago, the President had a 
proposal on his desk to arm those under threat inside Syria. It was 
backed by his Secretary of State, backed by his Defense Secretary, and 
backed by General Petraeus, then head of the CIA.
  If the President had accepted this recommendation coming from his 
entire national security team years ago, we might be in a different 
position right now, but we are where we are.
  The question is Syria continues to spiral out of control, Assad has 
hung to power, and ISIL has risen from a terrorist group to a terrorist 
army. That is where we are.
  Caught in the middle has been the civil society types, those who are 
trying to defend--in Aleppo--defend themselves from the barrel bombs 
coming down from above from Assad while at the same time trying to 
defend themselves from ISIL attacks on the ground. They have been left 
to fend on their own.
  These are the individuals--I will remind you for those who remember 
the tapes, who remember the programming at the time--chanting 
``peaceful, peaceful'' as they were protesting the Assad regime.
  Assad's soldiers opened up with automatic weapons fire on them in the 
streets of Damascus. After Assad began this slaughter, they took up 
arms to defend themselves.
  The question is: Will we give them the wherewithal to fight back 
against the ISIL attacks that are, right now, on the borders of Aleppo?
  In July, the Foreign Affairs Committee heard unprecedented testimony 
from a Syrian Army defector named ``Caesar.'' He showed our committee 
pictures of the atrocities--tens of thousands of people tortured, men, 
women, and children--by Assad. Assad has killed over 200,000 people 
now. The fact is that Assad is a protector of no one except himself. 
That is the bottom line.
  Where ISIL operates, they have gone on a horrifying rampage, killing 
and beheading. Some of you have heard about the crucifixions there. In 
the meantime, Assad is no fool.
  His regime has pursued a strategy to avoid confrontation with ISIL, 
focusing his efforts on wiping out these rebels in Aleppo that we are 
talking about supporting who are fighting ISIL; indeed, the Assad 
regime continues to purchase crude oil from ISIL, giving them ready 
cash, an average of $2 million daily for that terrorist group. His 
strategy is to present the world with a choice between the regime and 
the ISIL extremists.
  Friends, we do not have to play his game. What we can do--what this 
amendment would do--is give the Syrian opposition what they desperately 
need, training and equipment. We are looking to aid these individuals 
who have risked their lives to combat the Assad region and to combat 
the ISIL terrorists that they are fighting today, but, Mr. Speaker, 
these fighters aren't starting from scratch.
  They have been in the fight for several years. Out of sheer 
commitment and determination, they have hung on, but, with greater U.S. 
training and supplies, they will be bolstered. As an ultimate boost, 
this force would be supported by U.S. and coalition airpower, and that 
puts real spine into a fighting force which will be needed to confront

[[Page 14792]]

and defeat ISIL. Our military has provided this type of training around 
the world for decades.
  Mr. Speaker, let's do it here. Let's go on offense against ISIL. I 
ask for support for this amendment.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair would remind all Members to direct 
their remarks to the Chair.
  Mr. SMITH of Washington. I yield 4 minutes to the gentleman from 
California (Mr. Schiff).
  Mr. SCHIFF. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding.
  Mr. Speaker, ISIL poses a threat of extraordinary significance to the 
United States. In its size, its wealth, and its barbarity, it is, in 
fact, a threat to all of civilization.
  This week, we will be voting to fund one piece of the ongoing effort 
to rid the world of the cancer that is ISIL, and that is the training 
and equipping of the opposition in Syria. Whether to support the rebels 
is an important decision, but it pales in comparison to the larger 
question facing Congress and the Nation, and that is: Should we 
authorize the President to use our Armed Forces in Syria and Iraq?
  Unfortunately, Mr. Speaker, it appears that we will not be 
considering that larger question before we leave town in advance of the 
election. This is, I believe, a mistake of constitutional dimension. 
The administration has acknowledged that the military campaign we are 
about to embark upon amounts to war and will likely last years.
  If Congress' power to declare war is to mean anything, it must compel 
us to act under circumstances such as these. If we sit on our hands, we 
set a precedent for future administrations that they may wage war 
without Congress' approval, and the declaration clause is no more than 
excess verbiage in our Constitution from a bygone era.

                              {time}  1530

  The President has broad authority as Commander in Chief to defend the 
Nation, but that authority is not without limit. As one former 
constitutional law professor and then Senator named Barack Obama said 
in 2007:

       The President does not have power under the Constitution to 
     unilaterally authorize a military attack in a situation that 
     does not involve stopping an actual or imminent threat to the 
     Nation.

  The administration has acknowledged that ISIL does not yet pose an 
imminent threat; nonetheless, it has asserted that it has the authority 
to act based on the 2001 authorization to use military force against al 
Qaeda passed in the days immediately following September 11. This 
reasoning is tenuous as best. That authorization addressed to a 
different enemy, at a different time, and at a different place does not 
provide the legal foundation for a war on ISIL, an organization that 
itself is at war with al Qaeda.
  Today I have introduced a tailored and narrow authorization for the 
use of force in Iraq and Syria. My resolution specifies the enemy and 
explicitly does not authorize the large-scale deployment of ground 
troops to fight in either country. The resolution includes an 18-month 
sunset clause so that Congress can insist on its oversight role. It 
also immediately repeals the 2002 resolution to use force in Iraq and 
provides the same 18-month sunset for the 2001 authorization to use 
force, to harmonize the legal authority we provide to wage war against 
any foe and to ensure that no future President can claim to use it as a 
basis for unilateral action.
  In matters of war, Congress is not some suitor that needs to be asked 
by the President to dance. Requested or not, Congress must exercise its 
responsibility to decide whether to send the Nation's sons and 
daughters to war. We should not go to war, let alone adjourn, without a 
vote.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume 
just to respond to my good friend from California, we have adjoining 
districts and we agree on many things, we disagree on a few things, but 
I would like to say that I agree with you. This is something that the 
Congress should address.
  For 20 years--I have been here 22 years--whenever a President has 
asked for this, we have addressed it. We have not addressed it without 
having the request from the President.
  This is something we had quite a debate a few weeks ago about what 
previous Presidents have done or not done and what authorities they 
have and what they don't have, and some of it just has not yet been 
decided by the Supreme Court. The President says he has the authority. 
He says he needs this additional authority to help in Syria. That is 
the question we are addressing here today. I think that we are bound to 
have this discussion. I know the Speaker wants to have it. Mr. Smith 
said he wants to have it. I want to have it.
  I think one thing that we should really probably consider in all of 
this, this is not going to be a 1-month or a 2-month or probably even a 
1-year or 2-year commitment that we are making here. ISIL is very 
serious about this, and we are going to be in this fight, as we have 
seen in the past, for a long time. And it is a new commitment. So I am 
thinking that, as close as we are to the election, there are going to 
be a lot of new Members here that are going to be living with this 
discussion, this debate, this vote, potentially for a long time. And I 
think those are the people that probably should make that decision in 
January or as close as they feel comfortable to having that debate.
  Mr. Speaker, at this time I yield 4 minutes to the distinguished 
gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Frelinghuysen), my friend and colleague, 
the chairman of the Defense Appropriations Subcommittee.
  Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the McKeon 
amendment, but with serious reservations, reservations that have 
nothing to do with the substance of the amendment.
  I applaud Chairman McKeon for his very diligent work to craft an 
amendment that responds to our Commander in Chief's proposal to address 
the very real, serious threat we face in a thoughtful and responsible 
manner while preserving Congress' constitutional authority and 
oversight in these matters.
  Let me be clear, the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria poses a clear 
and present danger to the United States, our homeland, our friends and 
partners in the Middle East and around the world.
  The President has proposed that he be granted the authority to train 
and equip Syrian opposition groups in hopes that they will use their 
training and turn their weapons on ISIS, a truly savage and cruel cult 
of extremists.
  We all watched the President's television address last week. That 
address left this Member and many constituents with more questions than 
answers.
  The strategy the President announced is not so much a strategy as a 
continuation of a counterterrorism policy that relies on others to be 
on the front line to protect United States national security interests 
when their motivations, interests, and capabilities may or may not 
align with our interests.
  I have to state here and now that I am concerned that the President's 
plan is, first of all, very late; secondly, may be based on unrealistic 
assumptions.
  We have been told that there is a comprehensive strategy and a 
multinational coalition of the willing to fight the terrorists who have 
gained massive amounts of ground in both Syria and Iraq. To date, 
neither the Congress nor the American people have been told all of the 
details on that strategy or how it will be implemented.
  The President has repeatedly proclaimed that there will be no 
American boots on the ground, but our constituents should not be 
misled. There are American boots on the ground currently in Iraq, and 
there is a strong likelihood there may be boots on the ground in Syria 
and, in the skies above, planes, and those who fight will remain in 
harm's way.
  The White House is relying on so-called moderate rebel groups to 
fight ISIS, groups that do not and will not exist in any great numbers 
and whose primary target is the Syrian dictator, President Assad. How 
do you reconcile those competing goals?
  Indeed, there are many complicated questions in a complicated region 
of

[[Page 14793]]

the world with ever-shifting alliances and loyalties, but this is where 
the terrorists who want to do us harm have taken hold.
  Despite reservations and questions, we must take action. The threat 
is real, and ISIS must be confronted now. I support the McKeon 
amendment because it will provide the experts and the Department of 
Defense the authority they need to put together a clearly defined, 
realistic strategy and address unanswered questions for both this 
Congress and our constituents.
  That, however, does not and must not mean that Congress will cede its 
constitutional obligations. We must exercise our responsibilities and 
not give the President a blank fiscal check.
  I commend Chairman McKeon for recognizing that Congress must be 
informed and a full partner with the administration. This amendment 
does not provide the administration with the blank check they 
originally sought.
  In this measure, we provide authority for a limited train-and-equip 
program with strong congressional oversight. This amendment does not 
allow any funds, be they appropriated funds or foreign-partner funds, 
without prior notification and approval to congressional defense 
committees in accordance with standard reprogramming procedures.
  This amendment does not--I repeat, does not--provide an authorization 
for the use of military force. Indeed, the amendment includes language 
that makes it explicitly clear that this train-and-equip authority is 
not an authorization for the use of military force.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of the gentleman has expired.
  Mr. McKEON. I yield the chairman an additional minute.
  Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. Mr. Speaker, I support this amendment. ISIS needs 
to be confronted, and sooner rather than later. However, in the weeks 
and months to come, this House must use its oversight powers under the 
Constitution to monitor this strategy and demand changes when and if it 
falters.
  Mr. SMITH of Washington. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the 
gentleman from California (Mr. Garamendi).
  Mr. GARAMENDI. Mr. Speaker, I listened with considerable interest to 
the exposition just given by our colleague. I find myself in agreement 
with much of what was said, particularly the concerns, the unknowns, 
and the fact that this amendment is going to wind up in a CR, and we 
are going to be voting on the CR and the amendment, whether we like the 
amendment or not, or we shut down government. That causes me great 
concern.
  My real concern is beyond just this amendment, limited as it is. And 
I thank the chairman for making this as limited--it ends sometime in 
December, I think December 11; that is good. The fact that the 
reporting is there; that is good. The fact that we are knowingly going 
to find ourselves right smack in the middle of a civil war that has 
gone on for 3 years and the previous 3 we couldn't figure out which 
side we wanted to be on and who we wanted to work with, apparently we 
now know who we want to work with, or at least we will find out who we 
want to work with. A lot of unknowns here, a lot of concerns.
  The big concern is this, and that is that the administration 
presently does not intend to have the Congress of the United States 
carry out its constitutional responsibility to declare a war or not. 
They have figured out a way to avoid having the Congress deal with the 
most fundamental of issues.
  They claim that the 2001-2002 authorization to use force in 
Afghanistan and in Iraq is sufficient to carry on what may be an 
unending war in Iraq and, quite possibly, in Syria. The War Powers Act 
has been pushed aside. We don't need to worry about that, says the 
administration. We don't have to vote because they have these other two 
authorizations to use force still in effect.
  This is not right. This is a new war, a continuation of the problem 
that has existed in this area for more than 1400 years. So now it is in 
for a dime; we are going to be in for many, many dollars and many, many 
people.
  My plea to the Congress, my plea to all my colleagues is this is not 
the step. This is but one small, little movement towards a much larger. 
And will we have the courage to carry out our constitutional 
responsibility and take up the larger issue of what to do with 
airstrikes and beyond?
  For me, we ought to be voting on that larger issue. I believe the 
administration is dead wrong in saying they don't need to come back to 
Congress for a larger issue of an authorization to use force.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the distinguished 
gentleman from Texas (Mr. Thornberry), my friend and colleague, the 
vice chairman of the Committee on Armed Services.
  Mr. THORNBERRY. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the chairman's 
amendment.
  I am very much in sympathy with the comments that have been expressed 
here on the floor that we should have a larger debate about the 
Authorization for Use of Military Force. That is not, however, what is 
before us with the chairman's amendment. And I understand some people 
would like for it to be.
  But what we have before us here is a specific request that the 
President has made for train-and-equip authority for certain Syrians to 
help provide ground forces against ISIL.
  I think, just for perspective, it is important to remember that the 
United States has been involved in training and equipping security 
forces in over 40 countries. We haven't gotten into a war in all of 
those. This is something we know how to do, and we do it competently 
all around the world.
  But I completely agree with those who say this is a very complex, 
volatile situation, and there are considerable doubts about whether the 
President's approach is going to be successful. There are especially 
doubts about whether his policy will be carried out with a seriousness 
of purpose and a perseverance that is required against such a 
formidable opponent. I confess, I share those doubts.
  But, at the same time, two facts seem clear to me. One is that ISIL 
is a significant threat. It is not the junior varsity. It is the best-
equipped, best-trained, best-financed terror organization and has 
several thousand people with Western passports that are a part of it.
  Secondly, is that a threat like this will not be eliminated from the 
air. And so what that means is you are going to have to have some sort 
of forces from the ground. Now, some of them need to be the Kurds; some 
of them need to be the Iraqis. But you need to have some sort of 
competent ground force in Syria as well or else it becomes a safe 
haven. So that is where this train-and-equip authority to help develop 
that competent ground force inside from Syria is important. But it is 
only--and I think everybody acknowledges this--it is only one small 
part of what needs to be a much broader strategy.

                              {time}  1545

  Mr. Speaker, despite all the doubts and concerns, having a competent 
ground force inside Syria with whom we can talk, with whom we can work, 
whatever the course of events there, has got to be a useful thing.
  But for the moment, between now and December 11 or so, giving the 
President this authority that he has asked for so he can take advantage 
of some offers from other countries, so he can begin the preparations 
for this training, seems to me to make sense. We give him this 
authority with all the checks and oversights that have been described 
and are very important. We give him this authority, and, Mr. Speaker, 
it is up to the President to make it work.
  Mr. SMITH of Washington. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the 
gentleman from New York (Mr. Rangel).
  Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, let me thank you so very much for giving me 
this opportunity to address the House.
  I think today and tomorrow may be recorded in history as one of the 
most serious decisions that this Congress has had to make. Personally, 
I don't

[[Page 14794]]

know enough to see where the President needs authority to do what we 
are about to allow him to do because of a threat to the United States 
of America.
  I have talked with everyone that is willing to listen to me in my 
congressional district and they have given me a whole lot of things 
that they are concerned about. But I haven't come close, as much as 
they love this President of the United States, in convincing them that 
training people overseas that we don't know to fight ISIS is in their 
best national interest.
  The point that I asked to come to the floor is that it is so easy to 
try to bring justice to a situation if it doesn't cause you anything or 
any inconvenience. Already we have lost trillions of dollars and over 
6,000 lives in this area, and I don't think we have yet to declare war.
  What I am suggesting on drafting legislation is that if it does reach 
the time that this honorable body is prepared to discuss all of the 
issues and determine whether or not any enemy is a threat to the United 
States and that we are going to go to war with them, that we should 
attach to that two provisions that would force every American to 
evaluate whether or not they believe that they are prepared to make 
sacrifices.
  One of them, of course, is a war tax. These last wars, the only 
people who have suffered were those people who had boots on the ground 
or those people who know people or those people who went to the 
funerals. Certainly those that have gained profit because we needed 
their services overseas, they haven't made any sacrifices.
  When it comes down to discretionary spending, what I consider a 
threat to the United States of America is our failure to provide money 
for research, for development, for education, for jobs, for 
infrastructure. But if we attach the two things to any bill where we 
are prepared to debate and determine whether our great Nation is being 
threatened, then I don't think it is asking too much of Americans to be 
able to say, yes, we are willing to pay taxes for it, and, yes, we are 
ready to have mandatory recruitment of young men and women who are 
prepared to say that if our Nation is in trouble we all should be doing 
something.
  But all these people that are willing to fight with other people's 
kids I think is not the standard that this august body should have.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the distinguished 
gentleman from Virginia (Mr. Wittman), my friend and colleague, the 
chairman of the Armed Services Subcommittee on Readiness.
  Mr. WITTMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of today's amendment to 
authorize the training and equipping of appropriately vetted elements 
of Syrian opposition to combat the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria, 
better known as ISIS.
  I have been to the border of Turkey and Syria and met with opposition 
leaders and refugees, which now total more than 2 million people, and I 
have seen the ramifications of standing on the sidelines of this 
conflict, such as increased risk to our national security and 
interests, regional instability, and immense human suffering.
  ISIS poses a serious and grave threat to the United States and it 
must be destroyed. This action alone will not topple ISIS, but it is a 
foundational element of any broad effort to root out this barbaric 
terrorist army and prevent its followers from taking further hold in 
the Middle East and one day, as they have threatened to do, bring their 
brutality here to our homeland.
  Ongoing efforts by the brave men and women of our U.S. military, in 
coordination with regional partners, have blunted ISIS's territorial 
gains in Iraq and have granted some reprieve to persecuted Christians 
and other ethnic minorities.
  But fully destroying ISIS will require striking at its center of 
gravity, which includes eliminating safe havens and bases of operation 
in Syria. Supporting those in Syria who are also committed to this 
fight is a necessary step.
  I believe today's amendment does establish strict parameters and 
rigorous oversight to ensure that training and equipping Syrian 
opposition forces does not aid the Assad regime or undermine the 
mission to destroy ISIS.
  Recent events have reminded us all that barbarity, evil, and 
uncertainty still exists in the world. ISIS is the latest front in 
civilization's struggle against radical extremists, and now is the time 
to act.
  I want to make sure, too, that we bring to bear the weight and might 
of our strong Nation in cooperation with our partners to destroy ISIS 
and the threat it poses, understanding that we must continue to request 
and receive more specifics on how these efforts will be prosecuted.
  This resolution, I must remind folks, does not authorize the use of 
military force, only the training and equipping of these forces. It is 
the first step of many steps in which Congress must be involved in 
addressing this threat. That is our constitutional responsibility. 
Today's effort is that first step. But we must not forget that we have 
to continue to remain involved as a Congress in the future efforts this 
Nation takes against this extremist threat and others around the world.
  Mr. SMITH of Washington. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I 
may consume.
  The subject of boots on the ground came up, and I think this is a 
really important point for why this debate has been so divisive. So 
many people are concerned about this action.
  I think what we all want to do is we want to confront the threat that 
is ISIS, which has been well described. The violence that this group 
has perpetrated on people in their region and foreigners is 
unimaginable. Make no mistake about it: if they are allowed to spread, 
that violence will spread as well.
  But there is concern about the U.S. getting again engaged in that 
part of the world because of Iraq and Afghanistan. A number of my 
colleagues have raised the issue of: Well, gosh, we put 150,000 U.S. 
troops into Iraq, we left, and 2 years later it had all fallen apart. 
We are in Afghanistan, there is still a raging violence of a war going 
on there. Here we go again, basically. Have we not learned our lessons?
  I believe the boots on the ground comment shows in an odd way that we 
have learned our lesson. We are not going to do a full-scale military 
commitment to Iraq. Now, I think a lot of people are against ISIS. I 
think a lot of people mistake that we are not going to do that, not so 
much because it wouldn't work, but because we just don't want to do 
that. We don't want to spend the money and risk the lives.
  That is not really the case. The reason we are not going to do a 
full-scale U.S. military commitment is because a lesson that we have 
learned in the last 12 years is the limitations of the ability of the 
U.S. military to bend cultures in this part of the world to their will. 
It doesn't work. That is why we are not going to send in the U.S. 
military.
  Because then you set up a situation where you have a fight between, 
in the minds of the people in that part of the world, the evil West and 
Islam. If you set up that dynamic, we cannot win.
  Now, that means that we can't do the full-scale military commitment. 
But what we can do is we can enable partners. I know there is 
considerable concern about the fact that we spent a lot of money, 
supposedly enabling partners in Iraq, and when ISIS came rolling across 
the border of Syria they simply melted away.
  Now, two things:
  Number one, I would submit to you that they melted away because of 
what the Maliki government had done to alienate the entire Sunni 
population. It wasn't that they couldn't fight; it is that they chose 
not to because they did not want to fight on behalf of what was 
essentially a sectarian corrupt Shia government. The Sunnis would not 
fight on behalf of them.
  But also I want to point out, we have successfully trained militaries 
around the world. If you look at the Horn of Africa and the threat that 
we faced in Somalia, we have trained Ethiopia and Kenya and Uganda.
  They have been incredibly effective fighting forces. Across the Red 
Sea in Yemen, we have trained the Yemenis as they confront al Qaeda in 
the Arabian Peninsula. Not as clearly effective

[[Page 14795]]

as we have had in the Horn of Africa, but, nonetheless, they have 
contained the threat.
  I was, on a much smaller scale, in the Philippines a number of years 
back where we trained the Filipino authorities to try to contain 
various terrorist threats down there.
  It has been effective. Just because it wasn't effective in Iraq 
doesn't mean that it can't be effective to train an indigenous force to 
effectively fight the fight that we want them to fight. But it can't be 
just the U.S. military.
  Now, the final point on the boots on the ground issue that I think is 
a bit misleading: we are all searching for that clear-cut way to say: 
We will do this but we won't do that; we won't go too far, we won't 
take that step that makes us too big a U.S. military engagement.
  The problem is there is no black-and-white line here. There is no way 
to define that. There is no way to say: Well, okay, if we step across 
this line then there is no going back. In fact, I have heard the 
concern raised we are sending in advisers, and, gosh, everybody knows 
that when you send in advisers the next thing you know you have got 
500,000 troops and 70,000 U.S. soldiers dead. That is what happened in 
Vietnam. That is not what happens every time you send in advisers from 
the cases that I cited a moment ago. It doesn't have to be that way.
  The boots on the ground issue is, I think, effectively simple and 
straightforward. We have already had boots on the ground, but we are 
not going to make this a U.S. military-led fight because it cannot be. 
It would not be successful if it was. This is going to be an effort to 
train and equip and advise, to build a force that can confront ISIS. 
Because right now in Syria, it is a choice between Assad and ISIS for 
too many people. A good number of those people would love to have 
another option.
  Don't read into the fact that some people are joining ISIS the belief 
that somehow they are absolutely aligned with them. They oppose Assad; 
ISIS is, in many cases, the only game in town. We need to give them 
another option: a Sunni-led indigenous force that we train and equip to 
help begin the process of getting to the point where they can be a 
legitimate force. It will not be a short process. It just won't. It is 
going to take time. But ISIS needs to be confronted. This is the first 
necessary step in doing that. We can't do it without local partners 
taking the lead. This is a way to get those local partners the 
capability to get there.
  I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
  Mr. Speaker, there are many who support this amendment. There are 
many who feel like it is not enough.
  I would like to just relay a couple of instances.
  I just returned from the Middle East. I met with leaders of Israel, 
Jordan, Egypt, Morocco. And one of the things that I think needs to be 
addressed, and the people--the people--need to understand this: who 
ISIL is. In about 600 AD, people moved--Arab people--moved into the 
area that they called Levant. They controlled that area--it took them 
about 50 years to conquer it--and they controlled it from about 650 AD 
to about 1500 AD, when they were defeated by the Ottoman Empire.

                              {time}  1600

  That area comprised what we now know as part of Egypt, Israel, 
Lebanon, Jordan, Iraq, Iran. It was a huge area. ISIL wants to go back 
to that same area. They want to control that same area. They want to 
set up a caliphate so that they can then export terrorism around the 
world, and they are going to be brutal about it. They have great 
designs. They are willing to do anything it takes to win.
  I don't know why it seems like, when the President talks, the first 
thing he says is, ``No boots on the ground.'' As was just mentioned by 
the ranking member, there are boots on the ground. We have a force of 
over a thousand right now in Iraq. As he explained, their army kind of 
wilted for the reasons that he gave.
  I talked to General Petraeus the other day, and he said their army 
will fight, but there are certain things that they need that only we 
can provide, and that is what we can provide without entering into the 
combat, without putting in divisions, without putting in what I guess 
is the reference to boots on the ground, which is a certain number--and 
I don't know what that number is--but we are not going to do that. That 
is not what we are talking about.
  Saying we are not going to have boots on the ground is just kind of 
not being totally truthful with the American people. There are and will 
continue to be boots on the ground. They will provide training. They 
will provide leadership. They will provide ISR.
  They will provide the intelligence and the things necessary for the 
Iraqis to be successful in pushing ISIL out of the ground that they 
have conquered and taken. They will be able to take it back.
  What we are talking about is the ability to go in and train Syrian 
forces so they will be able to take back territory that they have lost 
in Syria and, by doing so, that will deprive ISIL of having a safe 
haven so, as they are pushed out of Iraq, they won't be able to go into 
Syria.
  We need to envelop them and end their mission right there. Don't let 
them get into Lebanon and Jordan and these other countries. Don't let 
them squeeze out into those countries. We need to stop them now. The 
leaders in that area told me how big this threat was. They said, 
``Don't think the oceans are going to protect you now. They will not.''
  We all know that one of the big threats over there is foreign 
fighters entering into this fight. A lot of them have passports and 
will be able to enter back into Europe and come to this country and do 
a lot of serious things that we don't want to see happen. We would 
rather fight them there than here. That is the purpose of this 
amendment and the thing that we are talking about right now.
  ISIL is a dangerous threat right now, and we need to address them 
right now. They are going very rapidly. They are very well-funded and 
well-led. They are fighting as an army, not as a little ragtag 
terrorist group. We need to address them that way.
  With that, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Arizona (Mr. 
Franks), my good friend and a member of the Armed Services Committee.
  Mr. FRANKS of Arizona. I thank the gentleman for yielding, and I rise 
in support of his amendment.
  Mr. Speaker, last January, ISIS retook Fallujah. Eight months later, 
President Barack Obama told Americans, ``We don't have a strategy 
yet.''
  It was 7 years ago, Mr. Speaker, that George Bush warned:

       To begin withdrawing before our commanders tell us we are 
     ready would mean surrendering the future of Iraq.

  Mr. Speaker, he could not have been more right.
  If you delete all the things Mr. Obama so very unwisely said he would 
not do, most of what remains of his plan is in keeping with the Bush 
doctrine.
  Mr. Speaker, I sincerely believe President Obama owes George Bush an 
apology, along with the men and women who freed Iraq and then watched 
their blood-bought gains evaporate while this administration stood by 
as women and children were beheaded, crucified, raped, and sold into 
slavery.
  We must make no mistake about it, Mr. Speaker. It was the vacillation 
and the tepid and inept leadership of President Obama that brought us 
where we are today, and, now, even though this administration is still 
inexplicably unwilling to admit it, we do, indeed, face a jihadist 
enemy that is more dangerous than ever, and it is now more vital than 
ever that this Congress, the President of the United States, and the 
American people commit ourselves to doing whatever is necessary to 
destroy this enemy before its insidious hand reaches into the heartland 
of America.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, at this time, I yield 3 minutes to the 
gentleman from Colorado (Mr. Lamborn), my friend and colleague and a 
member of the Committee on Armed Services.

[[Page 14796]]


  Mr. LAMBORN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in strong support of the 
McKeon amendment to authorize the training and equipping of 
appropriately vetted members of the Syrian opposition.
  I believe that Chairman McKeon has crafted language which strikes the 
appropriate balance between giving the President the authority he is 
requesting while also ensuring that Congress maintains oversight of our 
efforts to combat ISIL.
  However, let me be clear. We are only here today because of President 
Obama's weak and failed leadership. My criticism of the President is 
not about party politics or about his style of leadership but is based, 
simply, on his failed foreign policy.
  Syria is a case study in Obama's failed policy. He drew an arbitrary 
red line and spectacularly failed to enforce it. We also lost the 
opportunity to support moderate dissidents in Syria when it would have 
done the most good.
  Next door, in Iraq, President Obama raced for the exit for political 
reasons instead of recognizing that the threat from Islamic extremists 
could quickly return without some sort of counterweight. He didn't end 
the war in Iraq; he merely abandoned it.
  The bottom line is that ISIL was a regional threat that has 
metastasized into a threat to our allies in the region, including 
Israel, and to us here at home.
  Unfortunately, the President's failed foreign policy is not isolated 
to ISIL. The President's reset with Russia was worthless. Obama's 
``leading from behind'' intervention in Libya has created another haven 
for terrorists there.
  Our allies in Europe are threatened by Russia, and our allies in Asia 
are threatened by China. Iran does not seem to be slowing its efforts 
to destroy Israel. None of these are easy problems, but President Obama 
has failed to provide clear and strong American leadership in each 
case, and, in each case, America and the world are worse off as a 
result.
  Let's provide training to moderates who will fight ISIL and hope the 
President's slowness of action hasn't made it too late.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from 
Georgia (Mr. Johnson).
  Mr. JOHNSON of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, today is a very important day. 
Today, the House is debating on a continuing resolution and also an 
amendment to that resolution which would authorize under title 10 the 
expenditure of $500 million to train moderate Syrian opposition forces.
  This is not an authorization for the use of military force. It is 
just simply for the limited purpose which I just stated, but I feel 
compelled to go a little bit further as to why it is necessary that we 
be in favor of that amendment to the CR as well as the CR itself.
  If we do nothing against the ISIL threat, if we choose to be 
isolationists and take a wait-and-see attitude, the chances are great 
that the situation will get worse. When it gets worse, that means ISIL 
gets more powerful. They have been on the run lately, and they have 
gotten more powerful now.
  I know people on the other side of the aisle will say that it is the 
President's fault that ISIL got this strong, but ISIL would not have 
gotten this strong had it not been for the instability that we created 
ourselves when we went into Iraq and went to war for an illegitimate 
purpose, and so we disrupted the stability in that region, and we are 
still recovering from it now.
  What do we do now? I would much rather have a President that is 
thoughtful, deliberate, careful, and moderate in terms of the use of 
military force than to have a trigger-happy, shoot first, ask questions 
later type of President. We have seen what that got us.
  Our President has taken a very reasonable, modest approach. We have 
not put massive amounts of armaments in Syria that could now be used 
against us. He was smart enough not to do that; but, now, we have the 
situation where, due to a number of forces outside of our control, ISIL 
has gotten bigger, has gotten more menacing, has gotten stronger, and 
it is a distant threat to our homeland, but it is a threat.
  What do you do when the wolf is barking out, saying, ``I'm coming to 
get you,'' what do you do?
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of the gentleman has expired.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. Mr. Speaker, I yield the gentleman an additional 1 
minute.
  Mr. JOHNSON of Georgia. What do you do when the wolf is in front of 
the door? Do you move back from the door and then kneel down and pray 
and hope that everything is okay? Or do you take some action?
  In this kind of situation, the wolf is not at the door yet, but the 
wolf is coming. The wolf has told you that he is coming. There is a lot 
of logic into taking preemptive measures to make sure that the wolf 
does not come to the door.
  I would rather have the fight there than have it here. The limited 
fight that we are going to do is the use of our air power, once we 
train what is called moderate Syrians--opposition.
  I don't know how that is going to turn out, but I do know that we 
have no choice but to do something. We must build up the ground forces 
over there with our partner nations to enter the fight on the ground. 
We support them.
  I support this resolution offered by the chairman of the HASC 
Committee.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from 
Alabama (Mr. Byrne), my friend and colleague and a member of the 
Committee on Armed Services.
  Mr. BYRNE. Mr. Speaker, I want to thank the chairman for yielding and 
for his continued leadership on this issue of grave importance to our 
Nation.
  I support the chairman's amendment because I believe we must do 
everything we can to defeat this vile enemy known as ISIL. Time is of 
the essence here. With each passing day, ISIL continues to get 
stronger.
  The President has finally asked for a very limited authorization, not 
of force, but for training and supplying. Based upon the information 
that I have received, I believe that arming and training Syrian rebels 
is an important first step.
  Just a few weeks ago, I joined Chairman McKeon and a few other 
colleagues on a trip to the Middle East. While there, we met with 
numerous foreign leaders and defense officials. One thing became very 
clear: there is regional interest and support for defeating ISIL, but 
they are waiting on our leadership.
  I believe arming and training the Syrian rebels to be a necessary 
step, but I do not believe it alone will be sufficient. Just this 
morning, the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, General Martin 
Dempsey, expressed more action will likely be needed.
  Our enemy should not just be degraded or contained. Our enemy must be 
defeated.

                              {time}  1615

  In order to accomplish that objective, more action will be needed, 
including overt help from Sunni Muslims in the region and air attacks 
from the United States.
  It is also important to note the safeguards Chairman McKeon has 
written into this amendment. This amendment requires that each fighter 
be thoroughly vetted by the Department of Defense and that regular 
progress reports be provided to Congress.
  I firmly believe that a new Authorization for the Use of Military 
Force is needed to specifically address ISIL and new action in Syria. 
The current AUMFs from 2001 and 2002 are simply not applicable to this 
conflict, and I hope the President will recognize the article I, 
section 8 powers of this Congress, which are exclusive, and ask us for 
a new AUMF. That is why this resolution explicitly states that it does 
not give President Obama authority to send new U.S. forces into combat 
in Syria.
  I urge my colleagues to support this amendment.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from 
Virginia (Mr. Connolly).
  Mr. CONNOLLY. I thank my dear friend from California.

[[Page 14797]]

  Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of this amendment. The President 
has laid out a bold and decisive strategy to lead a multilateral 
operation designed to degrade and ultimately defeat ISIL.
  This is a threat the United States, sooner or later, must address. I 
prefer sooner. ISIL's acts of genocide are undermining the stability of 
Iraq, threatening our partners in the Kurdistan region, and reversing 
gains made by moderate forces in Syria.
  I believe Congress has a constructive and collaborative role to play 
here in the effort to eliminate the ISIL threat. I appreciate that the 
measure before us takes a step in that direction while addressing many 
concerns that have been raised about the effort to train and equip the 
moderate Syrian opposition.
  First, the amendment provides for careful congressional oversight. 
The Department of Defense must report to Congress on the vetting 
process for trainees 15 days prior to providing any such assistance. 
The President must report to Congress on how this operation fits within 
our overall regional strategy, and the Department of Defense must 
submit a report every 90 days updating Congress on the status of this 
operation. These are prudent measures and consistent with the 
constitutional role of congressional oversight.
  Second, this amendment does not provide a blank check for military 
operations. No additional funds are provided by this measure, and the 
Department of Defense must submit any reprogramming requests to this 
Congress.
  Third, this is not an open-ended commitment. The limited activities 
authorized by this amendment will remain in effect until the earlier of 
the date of the expiration of the CR or the enactment of the 2015 
National Defense Authorization Act.
  Almost 1 year ago, in response to the President's consultation with 
Congress on the deepening crisis in Syria, I introduced a resolution 
authorizing the President to carry out airstrikes against the Assad 
regime. In that case, Congress chose to demur. Today I hope we act not 
only on this resolution, but ultimately on a new Authorization for Use 
of Military Force allowing the President to carry out airstrikes 
against ISIL. The 2001 AUMF has gone stale, and it is time for a new, 
focused AUMF targeting ISIL.
  I believe the President would find bipartisan support here in 
Congress for airstrikes in Iraq and Syria. This tactic, thus far, has 
effectively bolstered our partners on the ground, protected American 
assets, and facilitated the humanitarian missions.
  But instead of taking up this charge and debating issues of war and 
peace, we are about to break for another recess. While I support the 
measure before us today, I hope Congress will do more to assert its 
constitutional role and responsibility and act as a stakeholder in the 
fight against this terrorist threat.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the distinguished 
gentleman from New York (Mr. Gibson), my friend and colleague, a member 
of the Committee on Armed Services.
  Mr. GIBSON. Mr. Speaker, I thank the chairman for his strong 
leadership of our committee.
  I rise in opposition to the amendment. Certainly, the Islamic State 
is an evil organization and a threat to our country. There is no 
question on that. I saw that firsthand leading paratroopers in Iraq, al 
Qaeda in Iraq executing, at close range, Iraqis who were working with 
us just to provide for a better day for their people. This evil 
organization has to be defeated. The question is: How?
  Well, first of all, we always reserve the right to act in self-
defense. If we learn of specific intelligence that the enemy is 
preparing, planning an attack on us, we always reserve that right. We 
will take action to protect our people. But, as the President reported 
when he spoke to the American people last week, the intelligence 
community, we do not have that specific intelligence at this moment 
that they are going to be able to strike our country. So then the 
question occurs again: What is the smartest way to deal with this 
threat?
  I maintain, based on my experience, escalating in Syria right now is 
not the best approach. We should instead implement a three-point plan.
  Number one, empowering the Iraqi Armed Forces and the Kurdish forces 
to defeat the Islamic State. We have seen in recent days, with our 
help, they have been begun to reverse some advances of the Islamic 
State, and they have a capacity.
  As was mentioned earlier, the big issue that they have is they 
weren't willing to fight and die for that Prime Minister. They didn't 
have the will to stand up because they didn't believe. Now we have had 
a new election. They are rallying around, attendant to their 
constitution, a new government, and they do need our support, and we 
should be standing there with them.
  Why is it so important that we do it that way?
  Well, our enemy, the Islamic State, is trying to frame this struggle 
as one, in their words, between the believers and the nonbelievers. 
There is certainly an element here, but it goes much broader than that.
  In the main, what is really at stake is what is happening to the 
mainstream Muslims in Iraq and Syria. Why this is so important is, when 
we help the Iraqi Army and the Kurdish forces to defeat militarily the 
Islamic State, that also lessens the ability of the Islamic State to 
recruit and to fundraise internationally. Long-term, that is what is 
key to success here.
  So, number one, empower the Iraqi Armed Forces and the Kurdish 
forces.
  Number two, we have not set the conditions for actions in Syria. 
There is no credible partner there. There is no political partner 
there, and that is really the issue.
  What we should be doing is working to compel--working with our 
friends and our neighbors in the region, other nations across the 
world, to compel the Government of Syria to get to some brokered 
agreement with the rebel forces, including what we would call the Free 
Syrian Army. From that foundation, we will be in a stronger place to 
complete the final destruction of the Islamic State.
  Here is the issue, the big idea that the administration is advancing 
right now. The big idea is that we need a ground element to support 
airstrikes.
  Now, given my military experience, I understand that and I actually 
agree with that point. But here is the point: What they are advancing 
today, what we have learned, is that, at the earliest, we would see a 
ground force in 6 to 8 months.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Thompson of Pennsylvania). The time of 
the gentleman has expired.
  Mr. GIBSON. Mr. Speaker, evidently I am not going to get any more 
time. I ask the gentleman from California (Mr. Garamendi) for 1 minute.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. Mr. Speaker, I yield an additional 1 minute to the 
gentleman from New York.
  Mr. GIBSON. So the issue is that here it is, the administration 
saying that they need a ground partner to conduct these air attacks, 
but we are not even going to have a ground partner for 6 to 8 months, 
and they are talking about launching airstrikes within a month. This is 
a problem.
  The other problem is these forces on the ground have not shown 
themselves to be militarily competent nor politically trustworthy. We 
should work politically in Syria. That is the second point.
  The third point is we ought to secure our borders, commonsense point. 
But look, they have expressed the desire to attack our country, and we 
need to protect ourselves from that.
  So empower the Iraqi Armed Forces and the Kurds, work politically to 
get a partner in Syria, and secure our borders. And reject this 
amendment, with all due respect.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to my colleague from 
California (Mr. McNerney).
  Mr. McNERNEY. Mr. Speaker, taking military action is the gravest 
responsibility of our government, and I take my role in helping to 
decide our Nation's policies very seriously.
  I support the current plan to engage and ultimately destroy ISIL, but 
it won't be successful unless we can enlist an alliance of nations 
within the region

[[Page 14798]]

that are fully and demonstrably committed to true democratic inclusion 
and are willing to fight for their own freedom. Mr. Speaker, I don't 
see how we can ally ourselves with nations that turned a blind eye to 
having their citizens send money to the very terrorists we are about to 
engage.
  This effort will take time and should include training potential 
allied military units in nonbattlefield locations and providing 
appropriate arms to competent and reliable allied military units. 
Meanwhile, the President must demonstrate America's commitment to the 
region by using very limited American airpower in conjunction with 
local military units to help prevent additional ISIL territorial gains.
  I do not support the involvement of American ground troops beyond 
their training mission or the excessive use of American airpower. Both 
of these are not needed and would likely be counterproductive in the 
end.
  While I support this amendment and I thank the chairman for proposing 
this amendment, I want to urge my colleagues to consider the long-term 
effects of authorizing force to our soldiers, to the innocent 
civilians, and to the sustained stability in the Middle East.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished 
gentleman from Florida (Mr. Diaz-Balart), my friend and colleague.
  Mr. DIAZ-BALART. Mr. Speaker, I rise to speak in favor of the McKeon 
amendment to train and equip vetted Syrian opposition groups.
  ISIL is a terrorist group, organization, that threatens our allies, 
savagely murders Americans and others. It threatens our national 
security interests, and it must be destroyed. It must be destroyed, 
including in Syria.
  Now, however, Mr. Speaker, I have serious reservations about the 
President's plan. It is no lie that there is a trust gap with this 
President. Unfortunately, the President has consistently ignored what 
was clear to just about everyone else. The President must start 
listening to the advice and the guidance of our senior military 
commanders. Against the advice of his generals, the President 
prematurely withdrew from Iraq so he could claim a political victory. 
Unfortunately, the enemy continued to fight. There is a trust gap.
  More recently, according to press reports, the President has already 
dismissed some of the preferred recommendations of his generals in 
favor of a more limited role for our Armed Forces. Mr. Speaker, there 
is a trust gap. We know that airstrikes and training and equipping and 
vetting the Syrian opposition groups are necessary, but as we have 
heard, it is not sufficient.
  Will the President do what is sufficient, what is necessary? There is 
a trust gap.
  What President are we supposed to believe and trust, the one who, in 
August, said that those Syrian opposition forces were, frankly, not a 
real thing, or the one who now says that they are the ones who are 
going to defeat ISIS? There is a trust gap.
  Unfortunately, the President has refused to lead until the opinion 
polls kind of pushed him to it. So that is why I am so grateful, Mr. 
Chairman, for the language that you have to have robust oversight and 
increased transparency and that the administration must keep Congress 
up to speed on planning and logistics.
  Mr. Speaker, I hope that we can stop repeating the mistakes of the 
past. It is time for the President to treat this threat like what it 
is--a national security threat to the United States--and that he 
listens to his generals.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished 
gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Shuster), my friend and colleague, the 
chairman of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure, and a 
member of the Committee on Armed Services.
  Mr. SHUSTER. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of the McKeon 
amendment to train and equip vetted Syrian opposition groups and to 
confront the threat posed to our Nation by ISIL.
  ISIL are thugs, murderers. They are monsters, and they must be 
stopped. Their trail of destruction and slaughter of innocent men, 
women, and children must be stopped.
  ISIL has laid out their goals and their strategy, and that is to 
reestablish a caliphate and death to anyone who stands in their way, 
or, to use their motto, ``convert or die.'' They must be destroyed.
  Now is the time for the United States to make clear our goals and our 
strategy, that we will not stand by idly. We will not watch and wait 
for the slaughtering of more innocent civilians.
  I am pleased that the President has finally committed to some action. 
It should have happened months ago, if not a year ago.

                              {time}  1630

  The President has been timid for far too long. It is time to act. By 
coming together as a unified body to take this important step, we will 
tell the world that America stands together in opposition to global 
terrorism and to the monsters of ISIL.
  This amendment to train and equip vetted Syrian opposition groups 
sends a clear signal to our European allies that we are committed to 
eradicating ISIL and that we hope they will join us in this effort. It 
sends a message to moderate Arabs and Muslims in the region and around 
the world that we stand with them against terrorism.
  This amendment strengthens the Commander in Chief's request for 
ensuring that Congress has oversight and greater transparency, which is 
our constitutional duty. We must do all we can on every front to ensure 
these killers do not gain one more inch of ground in their pursuit of a 
terrorist state. With this amendment, we send a firm message that 
America is not going to allow this cancer to spread.
  Congress must act now. For that reason, I strongly support this 
amendment, and I urge my colleagues to join me in voting ``yes'' to 
send a clear, strong, overwhelming message that a bipartisan Congress 
stands with the President to defeat ISIL and all evil everywhere.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. Mr. Speaker, I yield 4 minutes to the gentleman from 
Minnesota (Mr. Nolan).
  Mr. NOLAN. Mr. Speaker, we have to applaud the President and the Vice 
President for using all means at their disposal to track down the 
killers of the journalists, but it can be and should be done in the 
same way we tracked down Osama bin Laden--using our intelligence, using 
our selective capabilities, and making sure that these murderers and 
these killers have no safe refuge.
  Having said that, launching airstrikes on another country by any 
standard, by any definition, is an act of war. Now, whether you think 
it is a good idea or not, it requires this Congress to step up and 
assume its responsibility and make that declaration. Have we not had 
enough of imperial Presidencies doing whatever they like anywhere in 
the world? When are we going to step up and assume our responsibility?
  Now, with regard to this amendment, make no mistake about it: we have 
been on the side of every side in this conflict going back to al Qaeda. 
That was the Mujahedeen. We armed them because they were the enemy of 
our enemy. Then we supported Saddam Hussein. Oh, no. Wait a minute. 
Let's overthrow him, and let's put the Shiites in power. Then we said 
no, no, no. Wait a minute. They are not being nice to the Sunnis; so 
let's give arms and money to the Sunnis. And we refer to this Free 
Syrian Army as moderates?
  Read the paper. I can't talk about what we saw and heard in our 
briefings, but that is the Muslim Brotherhood. Did you hear the latest 
news? It just came out over the wire. I would bet you guys haven't 
heard it. The founder of the Free Syrian Army, the one we are going to 
give $5 billion to, Riad al-Asaad--he just said we are not going to use 
that money to fight ISIS. No, no, no. We are fighting Assad. Oh, wait a 
minute. We were going to attack Assad last year, and now we want to 
fight people who are going to keep Assad in power? What are we doing?
  The definition of ``insanity'' is doing the same thing over and over 
and over

[[Page 14799]]

and over again and expecting different results. In this case, make no 
mistake about it, we have given arms to every element in this conflict, 
with the notion that somehow the enemy of our enemy is our friend. At 
the end of the day, we have no friends in this conflict. Either 
directly or inadvertently, they end up using the arms and the weapons 
that we have supplied against--yes, you guessed who--us.
  It is time to wake up. It is time to put an end to it. It is time for 
this Congress to step up. It is so much responsibility that the 
Constitution could not be more clear on who declares war. It is the 
Congress of the United States, not the President of the United States.
  My fellow colleagues, please, I beg you--I plead with you--to step 
up. Assume our obligations here. If there is a declaration to be made, 
let's make it. Most importantly, right now, let us reject this 
amendment and stop pouring money into this conflict that goes back 
thousands of years and can only be resolved by the people in that 
region and a part of that conflict.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, at the President's request and in the 
amendment that we are debating--we got a little bit far afield there--
there is no request for money. The President says he doesn't need any 
additional moneys to carry this out. All he needs is the authority to 
go into Saudi Arabia and take their offer of training the Syrians to be 
able to go home and defend their homeland.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from North Carolina 
(Mr. Jones), my friend and colleague and a member of the Committee on 
Armed Services.
  Mr. JONES. Mr. Speaker, I want to thank the chairman for his 
leadership on this amendment even though I cannot support it. All I can 
say is, here we go again, committing our resources--both troops and 
money--to a conflict that can easily become a war without end.
  ISIS is more an immediate threat to the Middle East than to our 
Nation. Where is the greater Middle East commitment to combat this 
threat? Why are they not providing the greater commitment of resources 
to defend their own countries? Is it not ridiculous that the United 
States borrows money to buy friendship, to buy arms, and to train those 
who could today be our friends but tomorrow be our enemies?
  A former commandant of the Marine Corps recently asked me this 
question, and I now ask the House of Representatives: Are we simply 
arming and training another Taliban? That is from a former commandant 
of the Marine Corps.
  We all agree this is a difficult and challenging issue, but a 
strategy with no end state is a failed strategy, and I am concerned 
that the commitment we make today will become an ongoing commitment for 
which we truly do not grasp its consequences until it is too late. That 
is what my concern is and the concern of the American people.
  I think about the $1.7 trillion we spent in Afghanistan and Iraq. I 
think about the 4,000 Americans who gave their lives, the 30,000 
wounded, the 100,000 Iraqis who were killed--and here we go again. I 
don't care if the President is a Democrat or a Republican. This is a 
failed policy, and it will be proven to be a failed policy.
  I close with this, Mr. Speaker. I listened to Mr. Rangel very 
carefully. This is a quote from Pat Buchanan: Is it not an act of 
senility to borrow from the world to defend the world?
  It is absolute senility.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. Mr. Speaker, I yield 5 minutes to my friend from 
California (Mr. Sherman).
  Mr. SHERMAN. Mr. Speaker, we ought to focus on what is the 
appropriate foreign policy and what is the appropriate role in 
Congress.
  I rise in support of this amendment.
  In fact, the amendment is quite similar to the Free Syria Act, which 
was introduced by several of us, under the leadership of Eliot Engel, a 
year and a half ago. That approach of vetting appropriate Syrian forces 
and of providing training was a good but difficult policy then. It is a 
good and even more difficult policy now.
  We have to vet those we train, and it should only be certain elements 
of the Free Syrian Army in that we should only cooperate with those who 
are not only going to stand up for the Sunni majority but protect the 
Christian and Alawite minorities, and we have to arm only those who are 
strong enough and careful enough not to lose the weapons we give them 
to more extremist forces.
  This arming of the Syrian rebels is part of an overall plan that will 
include American military action. There is general agreement of no 
boots on the ground or at least of no boots on the front lines, but let 
us speak honestly to the American people. The American people are 
asking for a guaranteed, successful plan that would provide the 
immediate and total destruction of ISIS, with very few or no American 
casualties. Such a plan cannot be created. Instead, the policy that 
this amendment is part of will contain and weaken and punish ISIS and 
keep limited American casualties, and hopefully avoid them altogether.
  We must remember that the enemies of ISIS are nearly as evil and are 
probably more dangerous than ISIS itself. Those enemies include Assad, 
who has killed well over 100,000 of his own people and gassed many of 
them until he faced world pressure; Iran and Hezbollah, which have 
killed many hundreds, if not thousands, of Americans; and the Iraqi 
Shiite militias, including Mr. Maliki, who created the situation on the 
ground in Iraq which led to the creation of ISIS.
  What is the role of Congress?
  We look at article I and article II of the Constitution, with 
different roles for the President of the United States and Congress in 
military policy. Thomas Jefferson determined it was necessary to get 
the approval from Congress before he deployed marines to the shores of 
Tripoli--our first non-declared war, our first intervention in the 
Middle East. That wisdom is reflected in the War Powers Act, adopted in 
1973. That act, I think, is a fair, constitutional, and reasonable 
clarification of the interaction of article I and article II--the war 
powers of the Congress and the Commander in Chief power of the 
President.
  Now, under some questioning, the President and his administration 
have finally come up with their theory as to why Congress has already 
authorized the military action he anticipates. And that is, this 
Congress, in 2001, authorized every effort to go after al Qaeda. The 
forces of ISIS are a group that joined al Qaeda after 2001 and left al 
Qaeda a year ago or so. Does this mean you can leave al Qaeda, or are 
you always part of al Qaeda? Do we have several al Qaedas? How many 
angels can dance on the head of a pin?
  The President's authority to engage in this war is questionable. The 
fact that he is stretching the 2001 War Powers Act resolution is not 
commendable, but this Congress has also failed to play its role. We 
wrote a resolution in 2001. Instead of revising it, we leave it there, 
and then some of us are upset that the President stretches it or 
applies it to circumstances not then anticipated. We should be revising 
and repealing the War Powers Resolutions of 2001 and 2002, and we as a 
Congress should indicate what we think is the appropriate foreign and 
military policy. Instead, we focus only on the narrowest part of the 
President's policy. In doing so, we join with several administrations 
in being part of the multidecade decline of the role of Congress.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of the gentleman has expired.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. I yield the gentleman an additional 1 minute.
  Mr. SHERMAN. By our failure to repeal and replace the War Powers Act 
resolution, which no longer fits current circumstances, we are 
complicit with many administrations in the multidecade decline of the 
role of this Congress in shaping American foreign policy.
  I look forward to restoring the balance provided by our Founders, to 
following the policies followed in the Jefferson administration, in 
following the War Powers Act, and in crafting a resolution applicable 
to today's circumstances rather than abdicating our responsibility and 
sitting back as the

[[Page 14800]]

President stretches words that were never intended to apply to the 
situation we face in Iraq today.

                              {time}  1645

  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished 
gentleman from Utah (Mr. Stewart), my friend and colleague.
  Mr. STEWART. I thank the chairman for yielding the time.
  Mr. Speaker, I had the privilege of serving for 14 years as a pilot 
in the Air Force, flying both combat rescue helicopters and the B-1, an 
aircraft which, by the way, has dropped a disproportionate amount of 
the ordnance on Afghanistan and Iraq.
  I have spent weeks traveling through the area, meeting with various 
leaders. I have listened to this debate, and I have tried to weigh all 
sides while we look for a solution to a very difficult problem in an 
impossibly difficult part of the world, and, even now, it is with 
reluctance that I am willing to stand and take a stance in support of 
this amendment, but I have simply reached the conclusion that we have 
no other choice.
  In meeting with President el-Sisi or Prime Minister Netanyahu or King 
Abdullah or Foreign Ministers and military leaders, what we heard was 
nearly universal: Where is the United States? Can we count on you to 
stand by your allies and your friends?
  This fight, this battle against ISIS that our President so 
reluctantly calls a war is a generational battle. I believe it is the 
defining battle of our lifetime. We cannot afford to waffle. We have 
been doing that for far too long now.
  Yes, this is a terrible situation. There are no good options. All we 
have are messy and conflicted options, each of which has their own 
dangers, but this much is true: there is one very worse option, and 
that is to do nothing.
  We may not trust some of the Syrian rebels. I distrust ISIS even 
more. We may not like some of the leaders we have to align with. Some 
of them may prove to be unreliable, but nothing and no one represents 
more of a threat.
  To those who are unwilling to support this amendment, I would ask 
you: How can you justify doing nothing? That is the only option that we 
have been given. Do nothing, or do this.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of the gentleman has expired.
  Mr. McKEON. I yield the gentleman an additional 1 minute.
  Mr. STEWART. I thank the chairman.
  Mr. Speaker, we owe it to our friends and our allies in the region to 
step up and lead. After months, even years of inaction, the President 
is finally doing that.
  I wish that we were doing more. I wish that we were doing more, but 
this is the only option that we have been given, and we must at least 
do this.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished 
gentleman from Florida (Mr. Ross), my friend and colleague.
  Mr. ROSS. I thank Chairman McKeon for his leadership on this 
amendment.
  Mr. Speaker, prior to September 11, 2001, terrorist groups had a much 
different strategy. They remained virtually invisible, and their 
strategies were unpredictable.
  Today, the terrorist threat to America and the free world is on the 
rise, the enemy is expanding, and that enemy is ISIL. This is an enemy 
that commits human atrocities and distributes video footage showing 
brutal human torture.
  It is now very clear what threats America and all of the 
international community face if ISIL is not destroyed.
  Two Americans and one British citizen have tragically fallen victim 
to ISIL's radical terrorist actions. These barbarians are the face of 
pure evil, and they must be crushed.
  We have heard Secretary of State John Kerry call American military 
actions against ISIL ``significant counterterror'' operations. This is 
a pitifully weak way to motivate the men and women of our Armed Forces, 
Mr. Speaker. This is war, and the United States and the free world must 
be victorious.
  The House's action today calls to mind a discussion I recently had 
with a mother in my district of Bartow, Florida. Aileen Payne is a Gold 
Star Mother. She is the mother of Corporal Ronald Payne, Jr., the first 
marine who was killed in combat in Afghanistan.
  When we met last week, she exuded a passion for ensuring that 
Congress has a thoughtful debate on providing the President the 
authority required by our Constitution to take the fight to ISIL. She 
understands, perhaps more than most Americans, the significance of 
putting the lives of American soldiers at risk.
  Her son's death came with a very high price, the price of freedom, 
the price of national security, and the price of victory. She, nor I, 
want the loss of her son to be in vain.
  The amendment we are deliberating today is a step in the right 
direction. While I support this amendment, I believe the words of this 
Gold Star Mother must be heard and considered. If we do not develop and 
implement a strategy, a winning strategy to eradicate ISIL, we will be 
taking for granted the very freedoms that we have been afforded and 
defended by our brave troops, now and throughout the history of our 
country.
  Corporal Payne would want us to defend American freedom and defeat 
terrorism worldwide. He gave his life for that cause.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of the gentleman has expired.
  Mr. McKEON. I yield the gentleman an additional 30 seconds.
  Mr. ROSS. I thank the chairman.
  Mr. Speaker, while this amendment does not represent my ideal 
military strategy against ISIL, I believe that Congress is fulfilling 
its constitutional duty today, and I stand in support of its efforts.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from 
Rhode Island (Mr. Langevin).
  Mr. LANGEVIN. I thank the gentleman for yielding.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the amendment offered by Chairman 
McKeon, and I want to be very clear about what is at stake here today.
  The terrorist group ISIL poses a direct threat to our allies and 
friends in the Middle East; and, of equal importance, left unchecked, 
their nihilistic vision could pose a direct threat to the United 
States, particularly given the number of individuals fighting with ISIL 
who have American and Western passports.
  I am gravely concerned that those individuals could return home and 
carry out acts of violence against the homeland. We have a clear 
imperative to act.
  These terrorists have brutally murdered two unarmed American 
journalists and an aid worker from the United Kingdom. They have 
slaughtered thousands of innocent Muslims, killed children, and 
committed unspeakable atrocities against women and religious 
minorities.
  ISIL and its agents operate without regard to international borders, 
and any strategy to degrade and defeat these terrorists must 
acknowledge this reality. In Iraq, the United States and its allies are 
operating in support and at the request of the sovereign Government of 
Iraq, as well as Kurdish forces. We have friendly boots on the ground 
and U.S. advisers in place, but, in Syria, we lack that clear 
partnership.
  I believe the President has rightly committed to an approach that 
does not involve U.S. combat troops fighting on foreign soil, but the 
opposition needs training and equipment that the U.S. and its allies 
are able to provide.
  Our commitment, however, needs to be matched by that of other 
countries in the region, including Sunni countries with whom the United 
States has a rich history of partnership. After all, ISIL is not just a 
problem for the United States. It is also a problem for the many 
Western countries with citizens fighting overseas.
  It is a problem for our NATO allies, for whom Syria is a neighbor, 
and it is a problem for the safety, security, and the stability of the 
entire region.
  We can't simply kill terrorists and expect to see democracy flourish. 
We must carefully consider the full range

[[Page 14801]]

of possible outcomes in Syria and what risks we may incur in a nation 
and region already riven by years of civil war, the use of weapons of 
mass destruction, and a terrible humanitarian crisis.
  This is an exceedingly complex task but one that we must address. If 
we do not act, we face a darker, more uncertain future. Congress and 
the administration must do their parts. Today's amendments are only a 
down payment on what will assuredly be years of difficult oversight, 
debate, and discussion.
  It is far from a blank check. It will require a great deal of hard 
work, and there are many legitimate questions that remain unanswered, 
but we need to act, and I believe that this amendment represents a 
prudent first step.
  I urge my colleagues to support the McKeon amendment.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from 
Texas (Mr. Conaway), my friend and colleague who is a member of the 
Committee on Armed Services.
  Mr. CONAWAY. I thank the chairman for yielding.
  Mr. Speaker, first of all, I want to thank the leadership for this 
extended debate. This is an important conversation we should be having, 
and to have an unprecedented almost 6 hours of debate just reflects how 
great we do, in fact, consider this.
  I also want to thank the leadership for allowing two different votes, 
a vote on this amendment and then a vote on the CR and not trying, 
somehow, to combine those two because I think that would have also 
lessened the gravity of what is going on.
  Mr. Speaker, I support this amendment, but I do so with grave 
reservations, and, in fact, in the speech of the Intelligence 
Committee, I would give this low confidence that this mission will, in 
fact, be successful.
  Mr. Speaker, there are no Boy Scouts in Syria. There is not anybody 
over there fighting that you would want to live next door to you in 
your neighborhood; but, with that said, we will go through under this 
President's stated plans a vetting process that will try to find those 
Syrian opposition teams--people, individuals, and/or groups that are 
secular that are not Islamic jihadist and they are not a part of the 
Assad regime--in order to create this force that they are talking 
about.
  Mr. Speaker, this will not be in all likelihood the last time we will 
come to this Chamber and discuss the fight against radical Islam or 
this fight in Syria. Those discussions may very well be, as General 
Dempsey said today, involving the deployment of U.S. military assets 
other than just fighting this thing from the air.
  I want to be able at that point in time to say to the American 
people, ``We have explored every other opportunity, every other way of 
getting at this, of creating ground forces in Syria, short of sending 
American troops into harm's way again.'' I think it is what we deserve.
  We clearly want to train these Syrians to be able to defend their own 
country. That is the most successful model. We have had a long 
experience with doing that, a checkered past in some instances; but, 
nevertheless, the best alternative, as we see today, is to make that 
happen.
  I would also point out to my colleagues that by December 11, when 
this authorization expires, we will know a whole lot more than we do 
today.
  Today, we are looking at this whole issue from about 10,000 feet, so 
to speak. By December 11, if this plan is put into place, we will know 
what the President specifically has in place. We will know how the 
President intends to vet. We will know how the President--where and how 
these training camps will be set up.
  We will have the military's evaluation of how that process will work. 
We will just simply know a whole lot more then than we know today.
  With that, Mr. Speaker, I would urge my colleagues to get us to that 
point. Help us understand the additional facts that we don't have in 
the Record today in order to do that, but, to do that, you will have to 
support this amendment.
  With that, Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to support the McKeon 
amendment to get us in this overall group a better sense of 
understanding of what might or what might not be accomplishable by this 
December date, whether it is through a new CR or the omnibus or the 
NDAA so that, at that point in time, we will make a much more informed 
decision than we will today.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, at this time, I yield 3 minutes to the 
distinguished gentleman from South Carolina (Mr. Sanford), my friend 
and colleague.
  Mr. SANFORD. Mr. Speaker, first off, I would just say thank you to 
Chairman McKeon for his work and for the leadership's work and, indeed, 
for providing this time for debate.
  As was just stated by my colleague from Texas, I don't think that 
there is a more sacred vote out there for Members of Congress than on 
issues of war. I mean, in its balance hangs life and death. In its 
balance hangs all kinds of financial and life considerations. In its 
balance hangs how allies are going to view our actions going forward. 
This is an incredibly important subject, and, indeed, I thank Chairman 
McKeon for his work and the committee's work on this matter.
  That having been said, I rise, though, in respectful opposition not 
to the committee's work but to the actions of the President because I 
think his approach has been fundamentally flawed. I say that, first 
off, because I think that step one of an issue of war has to be 
congressional approval, and I think it is so important based on what 
the Constitution said for the President, indeed, to come to the 
Congress to ask for a declaration of war, and he has, quite simply, not 
done so.
  I would then say, ``Okay. On what basis does he move forward?'' If 
you look at what he and others have said, they hang a large part of 
their hat on the authorization of 2001, and I think what is interesting 
here is what the President, himself, said just 2 years ago.
  He said, ``The AUMF is now nearly 12 years old. Unless we discipline 
our thinking, our definitions, our actions, we may be drawn into more 
wars we don't need to fight or continue to grant Presidents unbound 
powers more suited for traditional armed conflict between nation 
states.''
  I think that the President was right. I agree with the President; yet 
members of the administration have been coming to Capitol Hill.
  They have been, basically, making the case that with that AUMF they 
have the authorization to go, in essence, another 25 years. I think 
that that, again, is mistaken. These are not blank checks. Each war and 
each war effort needs to be debated in isolated form based on that 
effort.

                              {time}  1700

  I would thirdly say that I think that this effort is fundamentally 
flawed because what von Clausewitz talked about with regard to war. I 
don't think, at the end of the day, we are going to affect the military 
center of gravity of our opponent because, if you look at the center of 
gravity, I would argue it is their faith, it is their willpower, and it 
is their motivation.
  As we saw with the Nazis and the bombings on London, bombing alone 
will not change will, and, in some cases, it strengthens resolve. What 
you are left with is, in the void that is created with bombings, boots 
on the ground, but, in this case, we are leaving that precious job of 
boots on the ground to what are described as ``moderate rebels,'' 
whatever that is, and an example, that we have to look back in what 
just happened.
  Mr. Speaker, if you look at the activities of this spring, 1,000 ISIS 
soldiers routed 30,000 trained soldiers after we spent $25 billion in 
that process. I think there are a whole host of mistakes and errors in 
this plan and would respectfully rise in opposition to it.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. I yield 5 minutes to the gentleman from New York (Mr. 
Engel), the ranking member of the Foreign Relations Committee.
  Mr. ENGEL. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding to me.

[[Page 14802]]

  My colleagues, there are only bad choices left in Syria and Iraq, 
but, in my opinion, the worst choice of all would be to do nothing. 
This is an attempt to do something. I want to commend Chairman McKeon.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of the McKeon amendment which 
would authorize a train-and-equip mission for the vetted moderate 
Syrian opposition. Again, the worst choice would be to do nothing. This 
is an attempt to do something. It is urgent that we do it now.
  Every day we wait is a day longer that ISIS gets stronger and the 
opposition gets weaker. Now, I think it should be plainly stated that 
this is a separate issue from an AUMF. This is separate. This is 
talking about aiding and abetting the vetted Syrian opposition.
  Now, I was in favor of doing this 2 years ago. For 2 years, I have 
been working to assist the moderate opposition. In early 2013, I 
introduced the Free Syria Act to provide the Syrian opposition with the 
weapons they need to fight the Syrian regime and the extremists that 
now control large parts of Syria and Iraq.
  This is authorizing a train-and-equip mission for the vetted moderate 
Syrian opposition. It isn't perfect, but it is a step forward, and it 
is far, far better than doing nothing.
  Mr. Speaker, since I introduced that legislation, the situation in 
Syria has gotten much worse. More than 200,000 people have died, and 
millions have been driven from their homes.
  Now, it is impossible to know the answers to the what-if questions. 
What if we had trained the moderate opposition 2 years ago? What if 
they had been able to hold territory against Assad and ISIS? What if 
and what if? We have to deal with what we have now. What might have 
been, no one will ever know. Right now, this is a very, very important 
thing for us to do.
  Mr. Speaker, I understand that my colleagues are war-weary. I am war-
weary. I understand the American people are war-weary. I am war-weary, 
but, again, I think doing nothing would invite something very similar 
that happened to my city, New York City, on that fateful day of 
September 11, 2001.
  We kicked the Russians--or the world kicked the Russians out of 
Afghanistan when that happened; so what happened was we took our eye 
off the prize; and so we allowed Afghanistan to become a safe haven. We 
allowed the Taliban to welcome in al Qaeda, and al Qaeda had a safe 
haven to plot and plan attacks against the U.S. homeland.
  That is replicating itself right now in Syria and in Iraq, and, if we 
do nothing, ISIS will plot and plan, and we will have many more 
September 11s in the United States, in Europe, and in the Middle East. 
That is why this is in the national interests, the U.S. national 
interests, and it is something that we really need to do.
  The Foreign Affairs Committee held a hearing last month with the 
Syrian defector ``Caesar,'' a military photographer who smuggled 
thousands of images out of Syria to demonstrate the atrocities of the 
Assad regime. The gruesome photographs of Christians and Muslims--men, 
women, and children--starved, tortured, and killed by the regime 
demonstrate the true brutality of Assad and his cronies.
  Last month, the American people and the world woke up to the 
brutality of ISIS which has beheaded two American journalists and 
murdered countless Christians and other minorities and most recently 
beheaded someone from the United Kingdom.
  A self-financed terrorist group with highly-trained fighters willing 
to die, ISIS represents an immediate threat to our interests and allies 
and, if left unchecked, the U.S. homeland.
  Terrorism, wherever it rears its ugly head--they are all the same. 
Whether it is ISIS or ISIL or al Qaeda or Hamas or Hezbollah, they are 
all terrorists, and they all want to use terror to achieve their 
political goals.
  I see Assad and ISIS as two sides of the same coin. Fighting one must 
not empower the other. Only fighting Assad would allow ISIS to 
flourish, but only fighting ISIS would leave Assad in power, and he is 
the biggest magnet drawing foreign fighters to ISIS. Believe it or not, 
they have this symbiotic relationship from all around the globe.
  This crisis does not end unless the moderate opposition is empowered 
to show the Syrian people that they can fight ISIS and win and, later 
on, they will fight Assad and win. Through this strategy, the moderate 
opposition can gain leverage and create the conditions on the ground to 
compel a political solution.
  Now, Mr. Speaker, we have the opportunity to change course in Syria 
and the region. This authorization can give new hope to the Syrian 
people and to the people of the region that the United States will 
stand with them against terrorism.
  Like many of my colleagues, I have attended a number of briefings on 
these matters, and I have noticed a persistent theme.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Messer). The time of the gentleman has 
expired.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. Mr. Speaker, I yield the gentleman an additional 1 
minute.
  Mr. ENGEL. Mr. Speaker, I hope to correct this persistent theme. I 
have heard from some Members that Syrian Christians would prefer to 
live under Assad than the moderate opposition. This is a complete 
mischaracterization, in my opinion, of the situation in Syria.
  Assad may profess to protect Christians, but, in reality, he buys his 
oil from ISIS; thereby bankrolling them and their massacres of 
Christians. ISIS would not be able to fund their operations without the 
Assad regime.
  The moderate opposition has publicly stated their acceptance and 
tolerance of Christians, and the Syrian Christian community has 
welcomed the U.S. call to degrade and destroy ISIS terrorists and the 
efforts of moderate Syrians to defend their communities.
  I understand the reticence of some of my colleagues to get involved. 
Again, we have no great choices here, but the worst choice is to do 
nothing.
  Mr. Speaker, I want to again thank Congressman McKeon. Chairman Royce 
and I conduct the Foreign Affairs Committee in a very bipartisan 
fashion. We pride ourselves in being one of the most bipartisan 
committees.
  Foreign policy should be bipartisan. Issues like this should be 
bipartisan. I think we can all be proud to be Members of Congress. This 
is being done in a bipartisan way. I certainly support this resolution.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, I would like to thank the previous gentleman 
for his comments. He is the ranking member on the Foreign Affairs 
Committee. He understands this situation very well, and the only thing 
I would say is the reason we say ISIS/ISIL--I would just say ISIL 
because they are the same. We need to let the American people know who 
the enemy is. It is that group, ISIL, and they are the worst of all, in 
my opinion.
  Secondly, the reason we are doing this now is twofold. The President 
asked for it. We only have one Commander in Chief at a time. I didn't 
vote for him, but he is our Commander in Chief. He asked for this. We 
are responding to that request as he asked us as Commander in Chief.
  Secondly, and I think this is very important, Saudi Arabia stepped up 
and said not to keep this secret, but: we overtly will open up our 
territories and give you training facilities to train these Syrians.
  That sends a message to people in that part of the world that this is 
not the big, bad Satan America against the world. This is moderate 
Arabs, Kurds, Sunnis, and Shi'a all joining together against terrorism 
that is out to destroy the world.
  I think that opened up this possibility for the President to ask for 
this, and I am hopeful that we will be able to give him that authority.
  Mr. Speaker, at this time, I yield 2\1/2\ minutes to the 
distinguished gentleman from Nebraska (Mr. Fortenberry), my friend and 
colleague, a member of the Committee on Appropriations.
  Mr. FORTENBERRY. Mr. Speaker, I thank the chairman for his hard work 
on this very difficult subject.

[[Page 14803]]

  Mr. Speaker, several months ago, our best CIA analyst could not have 
predicted that large swaths of Iraq and Syria would be overrun, 
conquered, by a group called ISIL, the Islamic State of Iraq and the 
Levant.
  ISIL is better financed, better armed, commands more territory, and 
boasts a larger army than al Qaeda ever has in its dark history. Its 
twisted form of religion is eighth century barbarism wielding 21st 
century weaponry.
  Mr. Speaker, they kill, they behead, they crucify, they rape, and 
they fly a black banner of death wherever they go.
  Of late, appropriate American leadership has stopped their advance 
and prevented further humanitarian catastrophe. Now, the question is 
what to do next. At this point, we are debating a narrow amendment to 
authorize President Obama to train and arm so-called moderate Syrian 
rebels.
  Mr. Speaker, several months ago, I offered an amendment to stop any 
potential arms from flowing to the Syrian opposition. At that time, 
there was no broad strategy. Weaponizing moderate rebels, in a 
battleground of shifting loyalties and no guarantee of victory, was an 
ad hoc idea that could have made the situation much worse.
  Now, this new amendment is narrowly tailored with appropriate 
benchmarks and aggressive oversight; yet, in reality, we are trying to 
manage very low expectations, and I remain concerned. Unfortunately, 
this distracts us from a more complete discussion of the overall 
strategy as outlined by the President.
  One thing has to be clear and must continually be made clear: this is 
the world's problem, not America's problem alone. The international 
coalition must be truly robust, not symbolic, and include regional 
Sunni Muslim nations who must fight for their own protection.
  The broader answer here is a regeneration of Iraqi forces who must 
also fight for themselves; plus the Kurds must be truly empowered to 
defeat ISIL near their homes and to set up protective zones for 
neighboring minority and vulnerable communities. Finally, cutting off 
the financing and support for ISIL, hopefully, ensures that this 
rampage will be short-lived.
  Mr. Speaker, action has risks, but the consequences of inaction are 
too grave. ISIL is a threat to all innocent persons and a threat to 
civilization itself.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 minute to my colleague from New 
York (Mr. Owens).
  Mr. OWENS. Thank you, Mr. Garamendi.
  Mr. Speaker, this is a difficult decision, a difficult choice, and 
likely one that does not have a good or better outcome than what we can 
propose today. I think the American people need to understand that, as 
we act today, many of us do with reluctance.
  I will vote in support of Mr. McKeon's amendment, but I do so very 
reluctantly. I have fear that what we face is a situation in which we 
will arm folks who subsequently will take negative action against us; 
however, when weighing the consequences of taking no action, as many of 
my colleagues have indicated, I think we have no choice but to move 
forward as this amendment is recommending and the President has 
requested.
  I also believe that we are taking back in Congress power that has 
drifted over many years to the President, irrespective of what party he 
is in--or she may be in, in the future--and I think that this is an 
important constitutional step that we should all support.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished 
gentleman from New York (Mr. King), my friend and colleague.
  Mr. KING of New York. I thank the chairman for yielding. I thank him 
for his effort in putting together this amendment, and, before he 
leaves the floor, I would like to commend my friend, Mr. Engel from New 
York, for the very vigorous bipartisan speech that he gave here today 
because this is what this issue warrants. Chairman McKeon has shown it, 
and I think all of us have to come together to the extent we can to 
support the President.
  Now, Mr. Speaker, I have been critical of the President. I believe 
that action should have been taken earlier against ISIS, but we can 
have these debates. That is all in the past.

                              {time}  1715

  The fact is that ISIS is a real threat to the United States. As 
someone who comes from a district that lost over 150 people on 9/11, I 
never, ever want to go through that again.
  I can say right now that ISIS is more powerful than al Qaeda was on 
9/11. They have more financing. They have more weapons. They have more 
members. They have more of their fighters who have passports that will 
enable them to come into the United States. And we know that they are 
committed to destroying Western civilization, so it is essential that 
we take action against ISIS and take it quickly and take it 
emphatically.
  I believe the President has the constitutional and statutory power to 
act, but I also think it is important for Congress to work with the 
President. The President has asked for this power to train moderate 
Syrians, and now I am not certain if that would work. I think it is 
going to be difficult to vet a sufficient number. It will be difficult 
to find them, to work with them.
  Having said that, as Commander in Chief, the President is entitled, I 
believe. That is his prerogative, and we should stand with him on that, 
because if we can put together an effective fighting force on the 
ground, that would make our airpower all that more effective.
  It is also important that we try to put together a coalition, and I 
believe Congress standing together as one, by showing strong support 
for the President, that will encourage other countries to join with us. 
They will realize we are in this for real, that we are not just making 
empty gestures. It is important for Congress to come forward at this 
time.
  Now, having said that, I also believe that the President should be 
more open with the American people and say this is going to be tough. 
And I believe that there are going to be boots on the ground. Now, I 
don't believe we have to have combat troops, per se. This is not going 
to be easy.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of the gentleman has expired.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, I yield the gentleman an additional 1 
minute.
  Mr. KING of New York. Mr. Speaker, we have to realize that no matter 
how well a war is planned, no matter how specific our strategy is, the 
fact is that there are going to be tough days ahead. This is going to 
be very rough. This is not going to be easy. And we have to condition 
the American people, prepare them for that and be honest with them.
  We as Republicans, I believe, have an obligation not just to be 
critical, but to stand with the President if we believe overall that 
ISIS has to be stopped, and we have to support our Commander in Chief 
in doing that.
  So what happened in the past is in the past. I don't want the past to 
be prolonged, but we can work constructively and positively and to make 
sure that the job gets done because too many lives are dependent on it.
  I am not in this for Iraq. I am not in this for Afghanistan. Yes, 
that is important. I am in this for the people in the United States, 
people who never, ever should be attacked again, and our forces 
overseas who are in harm's way. That is our main obligation, and that 
is who I am voting for today when I vote for the chairman's amendment.
  Again, I thank him for the outstanding job he has done; and since 
this may be my last time, to also commend him for the great job he has 
done as chairman over the last several years.
  With that, I urge a ``yes'' vote.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from 
North Carolina (Mr. Price), my friend.
  Mr. PRICE of North Carolina. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of 
the McKeon amendment, which would permit the administration to train 
and equip Syrian opposition forces to confront the deadly threat posed 
to them and their country by ISIL.
  This measure is limited, at least for another day the broader 
question of authorizing the use of force against ISIL.

[[Page 14804]]

It extends only until December 11, the expiration date of the 
continuing resolution that it amends; but it is necessary if our 
country is to get underway the training of forces that are essential, 
if the Syrian component of the President's plan to degrade and defeat 
ISIL is to succeed.
  The President has no intention of introducing ground combat forces 
into this conflict, but our strategy does depend on indigenous forces 
in Iraq and Syria fighting for their own countries, forces capable of 
taking advantage of the air and other support we will provide.
  Getting such forces up to speed in Syria is one of the most difficult 
aspects of the challenges we face. Many speakers today have stressed 
these uncertainties and risks. I doubt there is a single one of them 
that the President hasn't recognized and considered in devising his 
strategy. But he has also done what we must now do: consider the 
consequences of letting the threat of ISIL go unchecked.
  The continued spread of ISIL and its version of violent jihad present 
a grave threat to our national security and that of our allies in the 
region and around the world. The United States must work with allies to 
ensure that militant extremists do not further destabilize an already 
volatile region or establish a staging ground for terrorist activities 
aimed at American personnel and assets both at home and abroad.
  So we have a grave responsibility, Mr. Speaker, to weigh the costs 
and benefits of our actions or of inaction or of this resolution being 
defeated. This is not a time, if I may say so, for Members to vote 
``no'' and then hope the resolution, nonetheless, passes. We don't have 
the luxury of holding out for a perfect or assured outcome. We must 
make the best decision we can, countering the threat, but in a careful 
and measured way that maximizes the chances for success and that gives 
this body the ability to monitor and oversee the process so as to make 
course corrections when necessary.
  I believe the resolution before us meets these tests, and I urge its 
adoption.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from 
Louisiana, Dr. Charles Boustany, my friend and colleague.
  Mr. BOUSTANY. Mr. Speaker, I want to put this in strategic context. 
We are seeing a once-in-a-century upheaval in the Middle East, and the 
most virulent manifestation of that is occurring in Syria today with a 
very complex civil war raging over several years.
  On one side you have the brutal Assad regime aligned with Iran and 
Hezbollah, another terrorist group, and on the other side a panoply of 
Sunni groups of which the worst, the most barbaric, is ISIL. It is in 
America's national interest, our national security interest, to defeat 
and destroy ISIL, period, hands down.
  This is going to require American unity, American resolve. And I can 
tell you, never, never in recent times has American leadership been 
more in demand. This is the time for us to step up. It will take a lot 
of work. It is going to take merging the fighting capabilities of the 
Kurdish Peshmerga with the Iraqi forces; and, yes, it will take the 
U.S. training and vetting moderate Syrian forces to deal with this.
  This is a necessary first step, and that is why I support this 
amendment. It is necessary. It is not sufficient. Again, we need a 
broader strategy that is going to involve a coalition. This first step 
will show that American resolve to friends and foes alike as well as 
those who are on the sideline. We will demonstrate that and pull this 
coalition together.
  This will help the President have the necessary leverage to do this 
and put this coalition in place to defeat this threat of ISIL, but also 
to get to a broader political settlement in the region, because what is 
going on in Syria, even beyond ISIL, is a national security threat to 
the United States. That is why this country, all Americans, must speak 
with a unified voice. A strong vote on this amendment is essential as a 
first step to putting this in place.
  My colleagues, Mr. Speaker, I urge the President--I urge the 
President--to put all diplomatic efforts into putting together a strong 
coalition and to ask for very specific deliverables on each of these 
countries, whether it is Turkey or Qatar or the Saudis. These countries 
have to step up if we are going to have a successful strategy in the 
long run.
  The President needs leverage. This gives him the first step. I would 
hope that he will come to the Congress for a broader authorization for 
the use of military force because I do believe that will give him all 
the leverage he needs to complete this diplomatic task in putting a 
coalition together, along with the military strategy with these allies 
in the region, to defeat the immediate threat of ISIL and to eliminate 
this major problem we are seeing with a failed state in Syria that has 
allowed ISIL and some of these other extremist groups to arise.
  This is the time for unity. This is the time for American leadership. 
This is a time that we step up.
  Mr. SMITH of Washington. Mr. Speaker, I yield 4 minutes to the 
gentlewoman from Ohio (Ms. Kaptur).
  Ms. KAPTUR. I thank the ranking member, Mr. Smith, for yielding.
  Mr. Speaker, the resolution before us is a fateful one. If operations 
planning is not executed properly, it will result in the United States 
becoming embroiled in a modern version of the Hundred Years' War.
  Over the past decade, and indeed since the bombing of our Marine 
barracks in Lebanon three decades ago, our Nation's blood and treasure 
have been expended in growing numbers to influence Middle East foreign 
policy. Most recently, the result has shifted Iraq from a Sunni-led 
dictatorship under Saddam Hussein to be replaced by a corrupt, 
unrepresentative Shi'a-leaning regime led by Nouri al-Maliki. Both 
corrupt regimes thwarted democratic advancement, and now a new, 
untested government has been set in place in Baghdad, but its 
effectiveness is unknown. Its connectivity to its own people across its 
provinces is uneven and undemocratic.
  Meanwhile, we witness the rise of ISIL, a barbaric Sunni force 
largely composed of foreign fighters from other nations that manifests 
the discontent of the Sunnis. ISIL's leader had been a leader inside al 
Qaeda Iraq.
  Recognize for the most part, Iraq's huge Sunni population has been 
vastly ignored and purposefully excluded in Iraq's al-Maliki-led 
government. There is a huge chasm between Baghdad's politically 
unrepresentative government and the reality of the Sunni tribes not 
affiliated with ISIL that have dug in for the long haul and exist in 
key provinces in Iraq.
  It is to America's peril if we miscalculate and fail to understand 
their importance. It is to America's peril if we underestimate who the 
enemy is, what ISIL is fighting for and against, and what it will take 
to defeat ISIL.
  America must stand at liberty's side but never place our military 
between two warring factions whose hatred for one another is legendary 
and lethal. If America is pulled into a civil war on the lands of Iraq 
and Syria, perceived as having taken sides with the Shi'a against the 
Sunnis, we will be on the wrong side of history.
  Our military has already lost over 6,000 valorous Americans, with 
50,000 more brave wounded or incapacitated. Our Nation has spent over a 
trillion dollars, including training over 800,000 Iraqis to defend 
their own nation.
  But legions of Iraq's Army that our government trained, at the first 
test of their mettle against ISIL, tore off their uniforms and fled. It 
is not disputed that an important reason for this is that the former 
Prime Minister of Iraq, Maliki, purposefully weakened his own Iraqi 
Army by putting his incompetent cronies in charge of units that 
ultimately were underequipped and could not fight.
  To win, America cannot and must not make the mistake of ignoring the 
legitimate concerns of Sunni native tribal leaders in Iraq who have 
been summarily cut out of the decisions being made by a Baghdad 
government so unrepresentative and so utterly calculated against Sunni 
representation. This exclusion will imperil success in

[[Page 14805]]

any coalition effort to rid the regime of ISIL's barbarism.
  It has come to my attention that the exclusion of Iraq's four main 
Sunni-Arab tribal groups from contact with decisionmakers in Baghdad 
and elsewhere continues. The current government in Baghdad, led by 
Prime Minister Haider Abadi, does not engender nor seek their 
confidence. There is no contact between, for example, historic Sunni 
tribes and the Iraqi Government nor our government. What a gaping 
omission. The four main tribes are the Al-bu Khalifah, Al-bu Mar'i, the 
Al-bu Fahd, and the Al Sulayman. It has also come to my attention that 
if any Iraqi claims to speak for them in Baghdad, he does not, or he 
does so fraudulently.
  Before I can vote on any resolution that might potentially embroil 
our military in taking sides in a major Shi'a-Sunni civil war across 
that vast region, I would seek assurances that our government has been 
in direct contact with the native Sunni tribes in Iraq whose mettle was 
proven in the first awakening.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of the gentlewoman has expired.
  Ms. KAPTUR. Mr. Speaker, might I ask for an additional 30 seconds.
  Mr. SMITH of Washington. I yield the gentlelady an additional 30 
seconds.
  Ms. KAPTUR. To fail to understand their importance or their 
systematic exclusion from the machinations in Baghdad is to play a war 
game of chess with half the board empty.
  Be aware, if certain key decisionmakers in our own government as well 
as Baghdad's didn't recognize that Mosul could be taken by ISIL, why 
depend on those same advisers to plot a forward strategy now? Our 
policy should be to leave no chessmen off the table.
  Today, very, very, very reluctantly, I will support this resolution, 
but with great misgivings. I hold the sincere hope the administration 
will hear my pleas to measure up to the full task at hand. Leave no 
major Sunni interests absent from the daunting political and military 
coalition that must be forged to be successful in this venture.

                              {time}  1730

  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished 
gentleman from Louisiana (Mr. McAllister), my friend and colleague.
  Mr. McALLISTER. Mr. Speaker, I thank the chairman for all his hard 
work on getting this amendment before us today.
  Mr. Speaker, I am very frustrated that I stand before you today and 
we can wage a war on Ebola, yet we sit back for hours and allow ISIL to 
wage a war against us.
  A ``no'' vote is the easiest vote to cast. We cannot stand back and 
do nothing while ISIL continues to threaten our national security and 
terrorizes the Middle East.
  Everyone wants to be a general, but now is not the time to argue 
amongst ourselves. Back home, people think all we do is argue about 
petty politics and get nothing accomplished. Now is the time to take 
action and stand unified behind House leadership and deal with this 
serious threat.
  We are dealing with one of the most barbaric terrorist organizations 
we have seen in years and the American people cannot afford to have 
Congress go home without authorizing an effective strategy to 
annihilate ISIL.
  This resolution does not appropriate new funding; it simply gives 
congressional approval to act in the best interest of our national 
security without acting unilaterally.
  It would be a disservice to American citizens and our allies if we 
continue bickering while ISIL mobilizes and recruits new members. 
Destroying ISIL requires a coordinated effort to arm and train those 
fighting our enemies.
  As a veteran, I do not want to see my brothers in arms' blood shed 
and them die in vain for where we have not completed a mission.
  Mr. Speaker, 9/11 is a reminder that terrorism does not recognize 
boundaries. We are the United States. We must stand united to defeat 
all enemies, both foreign and domestic, when appropriate, on their soil 
and not ours.
  I urge my colleagues to act now and pass this amendment.
  Mr. SMITH of Washington. Mr. Speaker, I yield 4 minutes to the 
gentlewoman from California (Ms. Lee).
  Ms. LEE of California. Mr. Speaker, I want to thank the gentleman for 
yielding and for his very deliberative work in leading our minority.
  I am glad that we are debating the President's proposal to arm and 
train the Syrian rebels. But, Mr. Speaker, I am totally disappointed 
that a debate on something that could have such broad implications on 
the United States' national security and the region is being included 
as an amendment to the continuing resolution. When I became a member of 
the Appropriations Committee, the first rule I was taught was that you 
don't authorize on an appropriations bill.
  Yet this is another instance of Congress taking a pass on its solemn 
constitutional obligations to weigh in on matters of war and peace.
  I am reminded of the failure to have a thorough and robust debate in 
the wake of 9/11 and the resulting overly broad authorization which I 
could not vote for because it was a blank check for perpetual war, and 
it still is on the books and it is being used as the authority for the 
strikes that are taking place now. This resolution should be repealed.
  And it was the rush to war against Iraq in 2002 that led us to where 
we are today. ISIS did not exist until the unnecessary and ill-begotten 
war in Iraq, which created sectarian violence and a civil war.
  We should be clear what the United States is committing itself to in 
Iraq and Syria. The U.S. has conducted nearly 3,000 missions and more 
than 150 airstrikes, and has deployed more than 1,000 troops already. 
In a speech about the United States' mission against ISIS, the 
President said: ``I don't think we're going to solve this problem in 
weeks. This is going to take some time.''
  I ask today: Does this amendment begin to help us contain ISIS or to 
dismantle ISIS? And what are we getting ourselves into? It is more 
complex than just an up-or-down vote on arming and training the members 
of the Free Syrian Army.
  The consequences of this vote will be--whether it is written into the 
amendment or not--a further expansion of a war currently taking place 
and our further involvement in a sectarian war. That is the consequence 
of this amendment.
  As I said earlier, no one in this body believes that we should stand 
by while ISIS wreaks havoc across the region. And the brutal nature of 
ISIS and who they are, we understand very clearly, and we must address 
ISIS in a big way now. No one believes that we should not deal with 
ISIS.
  But let me just tell you, a military solution, as the President said, 
is not the way we are going to dismantle or disable or stop ISIS. I 
supported the President's plan to protect U.S. personnel and to prevent 
genocide. But any expansion of the military strikes and what took place 
during that terrible period really requires a full debate and an 
authorization of the use of force here on this floor, and that is not 
what we are doing today.
  Also, what is missing from this debate are the nonmilitary solutions 
and options to this crisis. The President and his national security 
experts have stated repeatedly that there is no military solution. Yet 
here we are today once again only discussing more arms and more 
airstrikes.
  There are too many unanswered questions for me to support this 
amendment. How will we avoid embroiling the United States in a 
sectarian conflict--in a deeper involvement, actually, in a sectarian 
conflict--in Iraq and Syria? How do we ensure different outcomes than 
when we spent U.S. tax dollars, mind you, to train and equip the Iraqi 
army?
  The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Rodney Davis of Illinois). The time of 
the gentlewoman has expired.
  Mr. SMITH of Washington. Mr. Speaker, I yield the gentlewoman an 
additional 1 minute.
  Ms. LEE of California. How will we ensure that the United States 
weapons

[[Page 14806]]

that we are providing to Syrian rebels won't get into the wrong hands, 
as they did with the rebels when we supported them in Libya? How will 
we ensure that what we are doing now won't further destabilize the 
region? And how will we ensure that we do not stand here years from now 
debating on how to stop another ISIS--ISIS II?
  Mr. Speaker, what is missing from this debate is the political, 
economic, and diplomatic and regionally-led solutions that will 
ultimately be the tools for security in the region and for any 
potential future threats to the United States.
  These are significant questions that must be answered before Congress 
should vote on a proposal, no matter how limited, to intervene 
militarily once again in a region that is very complicated and that is 
very dangerous. We should not act in haste, and we must heed the 
lessons of the past. We must also live up to our constitutional 
obligation to debate authorization of the use of military force rather 
than authorize to send arms to Syrian rebels on a continuing resolution 
to keep the government open. That is why I will vote ``no'' on this 
amendment.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from 
Louisiana, Dr. Fleming, my friend and colleague, a member of the Armed 
Services Committee.
  Mr. FLEMING. Mr. Speaker, I thank my good friend, the chairman.
  Mr. Speaker, I am opposed to the President's vague and inadequate 
strategy for dealing with ISIS; and, therefore, I rise in opposition to 
this amendment.
  In his haste to claim credit for withdrawing our troops from Iraq, 
President Obama left the door open to exactly the kind of crisis that 
has exploded throughout the region. Instead of working hard to renew a 
status of forces agreement with a sufficient number of American troops 
to preserve the peace, President Obama was anxious to use withdrawal 
from Iraq as a campaign slogan in 2012. We are now reaping the 
whirlwind sown by that reckless policy.
  This new policy is little more than an incremental strategy, not 
unlike the one used in Vietnam. History warns of the dangers of such 
approaches. By moving hesitantly, in piecemeal fashion, the enemy has 
more time to learn, adapt, and get stronger. This is a recipe for 
stalemate and failure.
  There is another obvious lesson in all of this: almost since taking 
office, the Obama administration has been working to reduce our 
military. President Obama has directed over $1 trillion in cuts to the 
U.S. military since he took office. Under his planned cuts, senior Army 
leaders have testified that the Army would be unable to repeat its 
performance over the last decade in Iraq and Afghanistan.
  And, finally, the President has acted as if dangerous and avowed 
enemies are either not serious threats--like the JV team of global 
terrorism--or he has acted as though they are reasonable enemies who 
are willing to negotiate peace.
  Neither is true with ISIS. If we are going to degrade and destroy 
them it will not happen through an indecisive strategy that relies on 
unreliable and largely unknown help from Syrian rebels, whose own 
motivations and goals are mixed, and almost impossible to be certain 
of.
  In addition, recent history has taught us that the weapons and 
resources we commit to other forces could easily fall into the hands of 
even worse enemies, like ISIS.
  Mr. SMITH of Washington. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my 
time.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from 
California (Mr. Rohrabacher), my friend and colleague.
  Mr. ROHRABACHER. Mr. Speaker, I rise in opposition to this amendment.
  I support President Obama's authority as Commander in Chief, but his 
game plan is flawed. It will lead to failure and will put us in more 
danger.
  The President's approach of using American air power and local ground 
troops is wise. It worked in Afghanistan and it worked in Kosovo.
  However, President Obama is choosing the wrong locals to support. 
With this vote, Congress approves the arming and training of the Free 
Syrian Army, which is riddled with radical Muslims. In short, we may 
again be arming insurgents who will end up our enemy.
  We are told that the Free Syrian Army has been vetted and that we can 
trust them. This is wishful thinking, not realistic planning.
  The President wants to send more equipment and supplies and weapons 
to the Kurds. That is certainly a good concept, but proposes to send 
our assistance via the Iraqi Government in Baghdad. Rest assured, 
Baghdad will pass on whatever it doesn't want to keep for itself. And 
remember, they wasted most of what we have already given them. Arming 
radical Islamists is bad enough; depending on Baghdad to distribute our 
military equipment to the right people makes even less sense.
  We should arm the Kurds directly; then, instead of relying on an 
unknown and perhaps radical force, we should instead reach out to the 
Assad regime and enlist his support in a fight against the common 
enemy. Perhaps we should consult President Putin in Russia about this 
issue rather than consult the mullahs in Iran.
  The President's proposal will not work. I will not support it. Yet 
another infusion of American troops into this never-ending conflict in 
the Middle East is a wrong move. It is wrong for the people of the 
United States and will not succeed.
  I ask my colleagues to vote ``no'' on this amendment.
  Mr. SMITH of Washington. Mr. Speaker, I, again, reserve the balance 
of my time.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished 
gentleman from North Carolina (Mr. Pittenger), my friend and colleague.
  Mr. PITTENGER. Mr. Speaker, I thank the chairman. Mr. Chairman, I 
acknowledge the tremendous leadership that you have given to this 
Nation. I am grateful for what you have done as a servant in our 
Congress to protect this Nation, to provide the security that is 
needed, and I admire you greatly for your work.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of this amendment.
  This amendment is critical to begin the needed process to destroy 
ISIS. Yes, it is limited in scope of what the President has designated 
the Congress to approve, but it is necessary. We must convey to the 
world our commitment to destroy ISIS, the gravest threat that we have 
ever seen in the history of this country.
  But a grave threat, Mr. Speaker, requires a commitment, a thorough 
commitment, to make sure the job is done. What we are doing today is 
limited in scope, but yet it is very important. We cannot, however, 
have a commitment that is limited, we cannot have the mindset of a 
Neville Chamberlain, who never recognized the threat and the force of 
Adolf Hitler in Germany.
  We have an enormous threat before us today. The President gratefully 
acknowledges the threat. However, he has been long in coming to that 
reality of what we face in the world today.

                              {time}  1745

  Yes, he did stand down on missile defense in Poland and 
Czechoslovakia. Yes, he did stand down our military to the lowest 
levels since World War II. Yes, he has appeased the Iranians and given 
them additional time to build up their economy, to build up their 
nuclear capacity.
  He has a scope of the world and understanding that is foreign to me. 
There are real adversaries out there. Gratefully, he understands the 
adversaries that we have in ISIS today. They are but yet a part of the 
dimension of what we are forced to encounter. It must be done, and it 
must be done with this initial amendment. We will need to come back. We 
will need to be honest with the American people of what is required to 
secure this country.
  Mr. SMITH of Washington. Mr. Speaker, I continue to reserve the 
balance of my time.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from 
Texas (Mr. Williams), my friend and colleague.

[[Page 14807]]


  Mr. WILLIAMS. Mr. Chairman, thank you for your leadership.
  The Obama administration is so out of touch with reality, it is 
disturbing. Just last year, President Obama said the war on terror is 
over. Last month, the official White House spokesperson said Obama's 
policies have enhanced the world's tranquility, even though there are 
serious growing conflicts in Gaza, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Ukraine, and 
China.
  Today, Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff Martin Dempsey publicly 
recommended deploying U.S. combat troops to Iraq should the President's 
coalition-building efforts fail to curb the threat of ISIS.
  If there ever was a time to ensure that America's military was well-
prepared, highly trained, and fully equipped, it would be right now. 
Our enemies are growing stronger, our allies aren't stepping up, and 
the President's sequester has strained our military's ability to plan 
and prepare for all potential threats.
  The President was caught off guard, leaving our troops underfunded. 
He must have a clearly defined strategy that fully funds and equips our 
military.
  My district, the 25th District of Texas, is home to Fort Hood, the 
largest military base in America and home to some of the greatest young 
men and women the country has ever known. These soldiers and all who 
wear the uniform need to have the full support of their Congress and 
their President.
  They need adequate funding, training, and the best armored trucks, 
planes, weapons, and ammunition in the whole wide world. We need to 
have an unbeatable military readiness and the highest quality of life 
for the greatest military in the history of the world.
  Before President Obama takes any more actions to combat our terrorist 
enemies, he must work with Congress to roll back his sequester cuts and 
provide our troops with the support and resources they need and 
deserve.
  In God we trust.
  Mr. SMITH of Washington. Mr. Speaker, I continue to reserve the 
balance of my time.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, might I inquire how much time we have 
remaining on both sides?
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from California has 1 hour and 
50 minutes remaining. The gentleman from Washington has 1 hour and 55 
minutes remaining.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
  A lot has been said today on both sides of this issue. As I have 
listened carefully to all of the arguments, it seems to me that the 
main argument, as I have heard it, against acting on this amendment at 
this time is that it doesn't go far enough or we don't know for sure if 
it would be successful.
  I have been in this body now for 22 years. I wish that I had the 
foresight every time we come to this floor to know exactly what is 
going to happen after we take action, but it seems to me that none of 
us really has that foresight.
  We can think about it, we can project, but we really don't know what 
is going to happen if we take action. Sometimes, we know what is going 
to happen if we don't take action. I think that is probably what we 
ought to be thinking a little bit about today.
  There were some comments made about Iraq and Syria. One thing that I 
think hasn't been mentioned that I think we know is that we left Iraq 
precipitously. We can talk about blame. We can place it on President 
Obama.
  I could criticize him for a lot of things, but I sure wouldn't want 
his job, and I think, because we did leave early, we didn't leave any 
residual force behind. Maliki did some things that we probably all 
would have changed.
  Saddam Hussein, who was a Sunni--Sunnis are the minority in Iraq--
oppressed the Shi'a; so, when Maliki came in, a Shi'a, he oppressed the 
Sunnis. I think one thing that we do know is that the new Prime 
Minister, Haider al-Abadi, is really making an effort to reach out to 
the Sunnis, the Shi'a, and the Kurds to bring a legitimate government 
that will look out for all of its people.
  I think that has given us the opportunity to go into Iraq. The 
President has put over a thousand of our troops in there, bucked them 
up, and helped them with the things that they need to be successful in 
fighting off the terrorists, ISIL, and I think that there are things 
that they cannot do that we can help them with.
  They need intelligence. They need ISR. They need logistics. They need 
air support. If we provide those things and they see that they are 
getting good support from their government and that it is not a fight 
between different sects or different regions and yet they can actually 
fight together as Iraqis, they will be successful in pushing ISIL back 
which would be a good thing. They can retake the territory that has 
been lost.
  In the meantime, if we vote for this amendment, we give the President 
the authority to train Syrians that are thoroughly vetted in Saudi 
Arabia and then put them back into the fight.
  These people are fighting for their homeland. These are people that 
are fighting for their villages, and they are fighting for their 
families. Are they perfect? We don't know, but I was talking to one of 
our retired generals who has been in the fight, and he told me that, 
sometimes, you have to work with people that are willing to fight the 
same enemy that you are willing to fight.
  In this case, these people that we are looking at are willing to 
fight ISIL. If they have the help that we can provide, they can be 
successful, and then the people that we train can go back into the 
fight in Syria, and we can squeeze ISIL in between Syria and Iraq and 
keep them from entering into other nations where we do not wish to 
fight at this time.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from Texas (Mr. 
Gohmert), my friend and colleague.
  Mr. GOHMERT. Mr. Speaker, I do appreciate all the time and energy 
that our House Republican leaders have put into this issue, trying to 
work with the President, but the truth is that, if you look back under 
this President as Commander in Chief, we trained people in Libya. We 
provided weapons to Libya that were then used against us in Benghazi.
  There are Americans dead because this administration felt compelled 
to go in and take out Qadhafi. Sure, it was under the guise of NATO, 
but we did it. This administration saw to the bombing of Qadhafi. It 
refused to allow him to leave peacefully, and it has cost us.
  Because Libya fell, so did Algeria and Tunisia, and it jump-started, 
as I have said before, the new Ottoman Empire, the new caliphate that 
the Muslim brothers and so many of the radicals are saying they are 
going for.
  One of the big problems, too, when we go in and train, as this 
President wants to do for the Syrians, they learn our tradecraft. They 
use it against us, as they did at Benghazi.
  Al Qaeda today has indicated that all jihadists must combine 
together. That pressure is going to get greater and greater. Also, 
today, the Muslim Brotherhood cleric who had been kicked out of Qatar--
I believe he is now in Turkey--is calling for an all-out Muslim 
Brotherhood opposition to the United States.
  Yusuf al-Qaradawi, the head of the Muslim Brotherhood, is likewise 
begging jihadists to combine together in their fight against the United 
States.
  Where is al-Qaradawi? He is in Turkey. Yes, that is the Turkey that 
this President says we are going to count on as one of our allies, and 
yet Turkey has announced last week that they will not allow the U.S. to 
conduct air strikes against ISIS from Turkish air bases.
  We are in big trouble here. Our action will unify radicals against 
us. It has already been announced that Colonel Riad al-Asaad, the 
leader of the Free Syrian Army, has said it would not join the alliance 
against the Islamic State unless it receives assurances on toppling the 
Syrian regime. That was reported by Anadolu, the Turkish news agency, 
just in the last few days.
  This is serious stuff. We are uniting the jihadists of the world to 
come

[[Page 14808]]

against us. Why? Because there is nothing lower to these jihadists than 
infidels that help invade what they consider to be a Muslim country.
  We are about to ask for more than this administration knows. Why? 
Because it continues to purge our training material. They are not 
allowed to understand what it is we are up against.
  When you lose The New York Times, as this administration has, you are 
in big trouble if you are President Obama.
  Mr. SMITH of Washington. Mr. Speaker, I continue to reserve the 
balance of my time.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, let me just say again that most of the 
arguments I have heard are, ``Don't do this.'' I haven't heard an 
alternative.
  I think what we need to remember--and we hear it a lot around here--
is let's not make the perfect the enemy of the good. The President, the 
Commander in Chief, has asked for this authority. Saudi Arabia is 
willing to work with us on this. We need to develop the coalition. We 
are working hard to make that happen.
  At this time, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. SMITH of Washington. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I 
may consume.
  I agree very strongly with Chairman McKeon on one point. You can 
raise all manner of different questions, but there are no guarantees. 
If you are trying to figure out how to vote on this and you won't vote 
in favor until we are guaranteed nothing can go wrong, then save 
yourself the argument and just vote ``no.'' This is a very dangerous 
part of the world, and, in any part of the world, something can always 
go wrong. We cannot guarantee that there will be no bad outcomes.
  I think one of the things that has been lost in all this is that 
train and equip has been equated simply with Iraq and Afghanistan and 
has been deemed a failure. I really want to point out to people that 
the U.S. military--and the U.S. Government more broadly--has engaged in 
many very successful train-and-equip missions.
  In fact, this is the way out of Iraq and Afghanistan, the way out of 
committing over 100,000 U.S. troops to a battle to try to fundamentally 
change a country. You build partnerships, and those partners in those 
local areas are the ones that do the fighting and pursue the interests.
  In Somalia, we have a very significant problem with al-Shabaab. We 
have not, I believe, lost a U.S. life in that region. We have trained 
and equipped Ethiopia, Kenya, and Uganda. They have helped take the 
fight to al-Shabaab in Somalia in a very successful manner.

                              {time}  1800

  We are working with the Yemeni Government right now to help defeat al 
Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula within Yemen. And believe me, the 
country of Yemen is not a model of anything. It has all manner of 
different challenges in terms of its governance. And you certainly 
could have looked at that and said, Wow, we are going to work with 
those guys?
  But we did not want al Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula to continue to 
grow and continue to threaten us, where at least two terror attacks 
against the U.S. were launched, so we trained and have worked with the 
Yemen Government in a way that has helped contain AQAP. Train and equip 
absolutely is a policy that can work, and that is what we are going to 
try and do in Syria.
  So backing up to the policy there, there are several steps to this.
  First of all, should we confront ISIS? I mean, that is an initial 
decision. And I suppose you can decide that it is way across the world. 
You have got Sunnis fighting Shi'as. You have got Syria. You have got 
Iran. You have got all manner of different people all mixed up in this. 
Let's just wash our hands of it and hope it works out.
  The problem with that is ISIS has made it clear that they will kill 
Americans and that they will threaten us. And if they continue to grow 
and continue to hold territory, they will absolutely plan and plot 
attacks against the United States. So simply allowing ISIS to go 
forward doesn't strike me as a good option, which brings us to the 
second question.
  Okay, if you want to try to contain them, how do you do it? And I 
completely agree with the cautionary notes that have been cited about 
just sending in the U.S. military to do it. I think the risks there are 
enormous, and it would not be successful because it would unite all--
not all, but would unite a fair number of Sunnis and radicals against 
us.
  So the option on the table is to train and equip local partners to do 
the fighting. We have done it successfully with the Kurds. We are 
making progress now with Iraq now that we have got Maliki out as Prime 
Minister and we have a new government that at least gives the Sunnis 
some hope that they will be included in the Iraqi Government.
  In Syria, we will have to work with the Free Syria movement. Now, we 
have already been working with a lot of these folks. We have already 
been providing humanitarian assistance and some other assistance as 
well, so it is not like we don't have anybody over there. We do know 
some folks and we should work with them, because the alternative is 
allowing Syria to be divided up between Assad and ISIS, and that 
alternative is unacceptable.
  Lastly, I want to say that I fully understand the concerns about 
mission creep. I fully understand the concerns about open-ended 
warfare, but this is not what we are talking about.
  As the chairman and many others have said, we should have a debate 
about an AUMF on this floor. This is not an AUMF. This in no way 
authorizes any U.S. military action against anybody. All it does is it 
authorizes the Department of Defense to train and equip other forces. 
Our forces will be hundreds of miles from the battlefield, training and 
equipping other forces.
  So I agree, there is a much larger debate to have if an AUMF is put 
out on the floor, and we have to think about will this be taken and 
interpreted way too broadly. We have seen that happen with the 2001 
AUMF, for instance. So that will be a worthy debate.
  That is not what we are doing here. In fact, this is something that 3 
years ago many people suggested that the U.S. Government should do. But 
we cannot do it unless Congress authorizes the Department of Defense to 
do it.
  So I think this is much more narrow in scope than the broader debate, 
and the broader debate is one we should have. But here we are talking 
about a very narrow approach of train and equip that, frankly, can help 
limit U.S. action.
  I have heard some of my colleagues say, well, you know, we understand 
the bombing. We need to do the bombing because ISIS is a threat and all 
that. But we don't want to do the train and equip which, to me, is just 
completely backwards.
  If you are concerned about mission creep, if you are concerned about 
the U.S. getting too involved, then direct military action is certainly 
a heck of a lot more involvement than training and equipping others in 
the region to lead the fight.
  I think that is an appropriate policy. I applaud the chairman for his 
work in putting this together.
  We do have more work to do. This only authorizes this until the CR 
runs out, December 11, I believe, so we will have to do this in the 
National Defense Authorization Act. But I think it is a modest and 
appropriate step, and whatever criticism you have of all manner of 
different mistakes, perceived and actual, that the President may have 
made before, please don't let that color what is an incredibly 
important policy decision as we try to decide how to confront a very 
real threat in ISIS.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to clause 1(c) of rule XIX, further 
consideration of H.J. Res. 124 is postponed.

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