[Congressional Record (Bound Edition), Volume 157 (2011), Part 8]
[Senate]
[Pages 11516-11520]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]




          STATEMENTS ON INTRODUCED BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS

      By Mr. LEVIN (for himself and Mr. Begich):
  S. 1390. A bill to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to 
simplify, modernize, and improve public notice of and access to tax 
lien information by providing for a national, Internet accessible, 
filing system for Federal tax liens, and for other purposes; to the 
Committee on Finance.
  Mr. LEVIN. Mr. President, as Congress continues to debate ways to 
reduce our national deficit, some Members of Congress are taking the 
time to reflect on the state of the Federal tax system and consider how 
we can simplify it and make it more efficient and fair. Today, as part 
of that effort, I along with my colleague Senator Begich are 
introducing legislation aimed at simplifying and modernizing the 
existing system for filing Federal tax liens, a key tool used by the 
Treasury to collect unpaid taxes. The bill has been endorsed by 
Citizens for Tax Justice, Tax Justice Network, Public Citizen, US 
Public Interest Research Group, and the FACT Coalition, an organization 
of public interest and business groups concerned with tax fairness.
  It has been 45 years since Congress has made any significant changes 
to the laws regulating how the Internal Revenue Service, IRS, files 
Federal tax liens. Right now, outdated laws are forcing the IRS to 
waste taxpayer dollars on an old-fashioned, inefficient, and burdensome 
paper-based filing system spread out over 4,000 locations that should 
be replaced by a modernized electronic filing system capable of 
operating at a fraction of the cost. It is time to bring the Federal 
tax lien system into the 21st century. The Tax Lien Simplification Act, 
which we are introducing today, will simplify the process of recording 
tax liens at an estimated ten-year cost savings of $150 million, while 
at the same time improving taxpayer service by making it easier to 
verify lien information and speed up the release of liens after taxes 
are paid.
  Tax liens are a principal way to collect payment from persons who are 
delinquent in paying their taxes. By law, Federal tax liens arise 
automatically ten days after a taxpayer's failure to pay an assessed 
tax. The lien automatically attaches to the taxpayer's real and 
personal property and remains in effect until the tax is paid. However, 
the tax lien is not effective against other creditors owed money by the 
same taxpayer, until a notice of the Federal tax lien is publicly 
recorded. Generally, between competing creditors, the first to file 
notice has priority, so the filing of tax lien notices is very 
important to the Government and to the taxpaying public if taxes are to 
be collected from persons owing taxes.
  Current law requires the IRS to file public notices of Federal tax 
liens on paper in State, county, or city recording offices around the 
country, to ensure other creditors receive notice of the government's 
claim. There are currently more than 4,100 of these recording offices, 
many of which have developed specific rules regulating how such liens 
must be formatted and filed in their jurisdictions. This patchwork 
system developed more by default than by plan, as different offices 
developed procedures for filing a variety of legal documents affecting 
title to real and personal property.
  In 1966, to help the IRS comply with a proliferating set of filing 
rules for Federal tax liens, Congress passed the Tax Lien Act to 
standardize certain practices. This act provided, for example, that 
liens against real estate had to be filed where the property was 
located, and required each State to designate a single place to file 
Federal tax liens applicable to personal property. Most States 
subsequently adopted a version of the Uniform Tax Lien Filing Act, 
enabling the IRS to file a notice of tax lien in each locality where 
the taxpayer's real estate is located, and a single notice where the 
taxpayer resides to reach any personal property. For corporations, 
States typically require the IRS to file a notice to attach real estate 
in each locality where the real estate is located, and a separate 
notice, usually at the State level, to attach other types of property. 
There are often additional rules for trusts and partnerships. The end 
result of the law was to reduce some but not all of the multiple sets 
of rules regulating the filing of Federal tax liens.
  The bottom line today is that, in most cases, tax liens have to be 
physically filed in one of over 4,000 recording offices. In most cases, 
that filing is accomplished by mail, using paper documents. Some 
jurisdictions also allow electronic filings, but those jurisdictions 
are few and far between. The same is true if a lien has to be 
corrected, or a related certificate of discharge, subordination, or 
nonattachment needs to be filed, or when a tax liability has been 
resolved and the IRS wants to release a lien. Each action usually 
requires a paper filing in one or more recording offices and requires 
the additional involvement of third parties. If a paper filing is lost 
or misplaced, the IRS often has to send an

[[Page 11517]]

employee in person to deal with the problem, adding travel costs to 
other administrative expenses.
  The paper filing system imposes similar burdens on other persons 
dealing with the tax lien system. Any person who is the subject of a 
tax lien, for example, or who is a creditor trying to locate a tax 
lien, is required to make a physical trip to one or more recording 
offices, which may not even be in the same State as the taxpayer, to 
search the documents, see if a lien has been filed, and verify or 
examine the information. Currently, there is no single database of tax 
liens that can be accessed by any taxpayer that is the subject of a 
federal tax lien, by any creditor, or by any member of the public. Not 
even IRS personnel have access to such a tax lien database. It does not 
exist.
  The result is an inefficient, costly, and burdensome paper filing 
system that can and should be completely revamped. Businesses across 
the country learned long ago that electronic filing systems outperform 
paper; they save personnel costs, material costs, time, and 
aggravation. Government agencies have learned the same thing as they 
have moved to electronic databases and recordkeeping, including systems 
made available to the public on the Internet. Among the many examples 
of government-sponsored, Internet-based systems currently in operation 
are the contractor registry operated by the General Services 
Administration to allow persons to register to bid on federal 
contracts, the license registry operated by the Federal Communications 
Commission to allow the public to search radio licenses, and the 
registry operated by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office to allow the 
public to search currently registered patents and trademarks. Each of 
these systems has saved taxpayer money, while improving service to the 
public.
  Just as government agencies gave up the horse and buggy for the 
automobile, it is time for the IRS to move from a decentralized, paper-
based tax lien filing system to an electronic national tax lien 
registry. But the IRS' hands are tied, until Congress changes the laws 
holding back modernization of the federal tax lien filing system.
  The bill we are introducing today would make the changes necessary to 
enable the IRS to take immediate steps to simplify and modernize the 
federal tax lien filing system. The operative provisions would require 
the establishment of a national registry for the filing of tax lien 
notices as an electronic database that is Internet accessible and 
searchable by the public at no cost. It would mandate the use of this 
system in place of the existing system of paper filings. It would 
establish the priority of federal tax liens according to the date and 
time that the relevant notice was filed in the national registry, in 
the same way that priorities are currently established from the date 
and time of a paper filing. The bill would also shorten the time 
allowed to release a tax lien, after the related tax liability has been 
resolved, from 30 days to 20 days.
  To establish this new electronic filing system, the bill would give 
the Treasury Secretary express authority to issue regulations or other 
guidance governing the establishment and maintenance of the registry. 
Among other obligations, Treasury would be required to ensure that the 
registry was secure and prevent data tampering. Treasury would also be 
required to work with industry and other potential users of the 
registry to develop accurate search criteria to identify persons who 
are the subject of a tax lien. In addition, prior to the implementation 
of the national registry, the Treasury Secretary would be required to 
review the information currently included in public tax lien filings to 
determine whether any of that information should be excluded from 
disclosure on the Internet. For example, the Treasury Secretary would 
end disclosure of social security numbers that are currently included 
in some tax lien filings. While such identifying information could 
continue to be included in a tax lien filing to ensure that the filing 
is directed toward the correct person, the registry could be 
constructed to prevent such information from being disclosed publicly 
and instead provide such information only upon request from appropriate 
persons involved in the enforcement of the tax lien or collection of 
the tax debt. By requiring this information review prior to 
implementing the national tax lien registry, the bill would provide 
greater privacy protections for taxpayer information than occurs in 
current tax lien filings.
  To ensure a successful transition to the new system, the bill would 
require the Treasury Secretary to establish one or more pilot projects 
to be carried out within 2 years of enactment of the bill, and require 
a successful nationwide test of the tax lien registry before it can be 
made operational. The bill would also allow the IRS to continue to use 
the existing paper-based tax lien filing system, in parallel with the 
new system, for an appropriate period to ensure a smooth transition.
  Moving to an electronic tax lien filing system using an Internet-
based national registry of tax liens, would accomplish at least three 
objectives. It would save taxpayer dollars, streamline the process for 
filing, correcting, and releasing tax liens, and improve taxpayer and 
public access to tax lien information.
  The IRS estimates that moving from a paper-based tax lien system to 
an Internet-based, Federal tax lien registry would save about $150 
million over 10 years. These savings would come from the elimination of 
State filing fees, paper and mailing costs, IRS administrative and 
travel costs related to paper filing problems, and the cost of lost 
taxes whenever the IRS makes an error or a tax lien filing is misplaced 
or delayed. Filing fees, for example, vary widely from State to State, 
but typically cost at least $10 per filing, and in some States cost as 
much as $150. If a taxpayer has real estate in multiple jurisdictions, 
those costs multiply. A Federal tax lien system would standardize costs 
for all taxpayers, and require only one filing across all 
jurisdictions.
  In addition, right now, an IRS service center is currently charged 
with filing tax liens nationwide and complying with the myriad filing 
rules in effect in the 4,100 recording offices across the country. 
Eliminating the paper filing system would free virtually that entire 
service center for other taxpayer services and enforcement work.
  Electronic filing would not only save money, it would improve 
taxpayer service. Taxpayers who are the subject of a tax lien filing, 
for example, would benefit from an electronic registry in several ways. 
First, taxpayers would be able to review their liens as soon as they 
are filed online, without having to make a physical trip to one or more 
recording offices. Second, taxpayers would have an easy way to look up 
their liens on multiple occasions, identify problems, and correct any 
errors. A single tax lien registry would be particularly useful for 
taxpayers who move during the ten years that a tax lien can be in 
effect and have to look up liens in jurisdictions where they no longer 
live.
  Third, once the underlying tax liability is resolved, the IRS would 
be required to release the tax lien in 20 days, instead of the 30 days 
allowed under current law. The longer 30-day period is necessitated by 
the current complexities associated with filing a paper lien in one or 
more offices across the country, requiring the action of multiple 
parties in different jurisdictions. These complexities would be 
eliminated by the establishment of an electronic registry. The registry 
would also enable taxpayers, after they pay their taxes, to make sure 
their liens have been lifted.
  Creditors who need to research Federal tax liens would also benefit 
from a single electronic registry. Lenders, security holders and 
others, for example, would be able to use a simplified search process 
that could take place online and would not require procedures that, 
ultimately, require physical trips to multiple locations. A single tax 
lien registry would make it easier to locate tax liens for persons who 
have moved from the jurisdictions where the liens were first filed. 
Simplifying the search process would also provide greater certainty 
that all tax liens were found.

[[Page 11518]]

The ability to research Federal tax liens remotely and instantaneously 
should be of particular benefit to larger lenders and to creditors of 
taxpayers with assets in more than one county or State.
  Tax liens are not a topic that normally excites the public's 
interest. But sound tax administration requires attention to efficient, 
effective and low-cost filing systems. Saving taxpayer dollars is more 
important than ever as Congress looks for ways to tackle the deficit.
  Federal law is currently impeding development of a more efficient, 
cost effective tax lien filing system. Amending the law as indicated in 
the Tax Lien Simplification Act to streamline the tax lien filing 
system, moving it from a paper-based to an electronic-based system, 
would not only advance the more efficient, effective tax system we all 
want, it would also save taxpayer money. At the same time, it would 
make the system work better for individual taxpayers by reducing the 
possibility for mistakes and speeding up the release of liens for 
taxpayers who have paid. Modernizing our tax lien filing system makes 
sense in every way. I urge our colleagues to join us in enacting this 
bill into law this year.
                                 ______
                                 
      By Ms. COLLINS (for herself, Mr. Wyden, Mr. Alexander, Ms. 
        Landrieu, Mr. Toomey, and Mr. Pryor):
  S. 1392. A bill to provide additional time for the Administrator of 
the Environmental Protection Agency to issue achievable standards for 
industrial, commercial, and institutional boilers, process heaters, and 
incinerators, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Environment 
and Public Works.
  Ms. COLLINS. Mr. President, I rise today to introduce the EPA 
Regulatory Relief Act of 2011. I am pleased to be joined in this effort 
by my colleagues Senators Wyden, Alexander, Landrieu, Pryor, and 
Toomey. Our legislation is straight forward: it would allow the EPA the 
time it needs, by its own estimate, to adequately consider and propose 
a reasonable, workable rule that affects boilers.
  Our bill includes four key provisions. First, it provides the EPA 
with the 15 months it requested to properly analyze the best methods 
for implementing the application of the Clean Air Act to certain 
boilers. Second, it will give businesses adequate time to comply with 
any requirements the EPA adopts by extending the compliance deadline 
from 3 years to 5 years. Third, our bill will direct the EPA, when 
developing the new rules, to ensure that renewable and carbon-neutral 
materials remain classified as fuel and not solid waste. Fourth, our 
legislation will help ensure that the rules are achievable by real-
world standards consistent with the President's directive to improve 
Federal regulations.
  At a time when manufacturers are struggling to retain jobs, it is 
essential that this rule not jeopardize thousands of jobs in 
manufacturing, particularly in the forest products industry, by 
imposing billions of dollars of new costs. Our legislation provides 
common sense solutions to the challenges the EPA is facing in 
attempting to draft and implement these complicated rules, which if 
written without proper data, analysis, and consideration, would cost 
the industry billions of dollars and potentially thousands of jobs.
  To be sure, the EPA performs some vital functions in helping to 
ensure that the air we breathe is clean and the water we drink is safe. 
We need, however, to make sure that as the EPA issues new regulations, 
it does not create so many roadblocks to economic growth that it 
discourages private investment, which is the key to maintaining and 
creating jobs.
  The EPA's proposed ``boiler MACT'' rules, which would affect tens of 
thousands of boilers, have been an issue of great concern to many of my 
constituents in Maine. The forest products industry, in particular, is 
the economic backbone of many rural areas in our country, including in 
Maine. Mill managers and workers in Maine have expressed their concern 
to me about the impact of imposing excessively costly regulations on 
their mills at this time of economic hardship.
  Since these rules were first proposed in April 2010, I have been very 
troubled that the cost of implementation would be far greater than EPA 
originally estimated. According to industry estimates, this rule could 
cost Maine businesses alone hundreds of millions of dollars and put 
many jobs at risk, when less expensive approaches could be used to 
address emissions from boilers. This is simply unacceptable in this 
economic climate.
  Furthermore, these rules might force some of our mills in Maine to 
stop using biomass, a source of renewable energy, and instead dump the 
biomass in landfills and switch to fossil fuels. This makes no sense. 
As the President has stated, biomass is an important renewable energy 
source that our nation should promote in working to reduce our 
dependence on foreign oil. Converting to fossil fuels alone would also 
cost mills hundreds of millions of dollars.
  My colleagues and I have been concerned about this issue since the 
EPA proposed these new boiler MACT rules in April 2010. Last year, 40 
of my Senate colleagues, including 17 Democrats, wrote to the EPA 
expressing our deep concern that the boiler MACT regulations would 
impose onerous burdens on U.S. manufacturers. We asked the EPA to set 
emissions standards based on what real-world, best-performing units 
actually can achieve. This letter reflected the widespread bipartisan 
concern about the proposed boiler MACT rules.
  It is important to remember that, under The Clean Air Act, a Maximum 
Achievability Control Technology rule, or ``MACT'' rule, is designed to 
reduce emissions to an achievable degree while also considering the 
economic impact on businesses. The MACT rule must also set its standard 
according to the best performing practices existing facilities. 
However, in the case of the boiler MACT rule, the EPA cherry-picked 
data without considering the real world operating practices of the 
facilities that will be affected by this rule.
  In March 2011, I also asked Administrator Jackson at a hearing to 
explain why the EPA is not considering alternative standards for 
emissions since the MACT limits may be far more stringent than 
necessary to protect public health. Additionally, I have pressed 
officials at the Office of Management and Budget, such as Administrator 
of the Office of Regulatory Affairs, Cass Sunstein, about the very 
negative impacts EPA's Boiler MACT rules would have on the forest 
products industry.
  In 2010, the EPA did request more time from the court to analyze and 
prepare the boiler MACT rules after it received thousands of comments 
that raised technical and cost concerns the agency had not originally 
considered. In response, the EPA appealed for an additional 15 months 
to implement the rule, noting that the public interest would be best 
served if it could obtain additional input from the public on these 
complex rules. Unfortunately, this plea was rejected by the D.C. 
District Court, and the agency was forced to re-propose the rule in a 
mere 30 days.
  The stakes are too high for the EPA to be forced to rush a complex, 
multi-step process that could cost thousands of American jobs. Our bill 
will provide a balance that will help the EPA protect the environment 
and public health while ensuring that businesses in Maine and 
throughout the country are not faced with needlessly onerous burdens.
  The EPA has claimed that the cost of the final rule has been lowered 
by 50 percent since the proposed rule last year; however, this is 
little comfort to manufacturers because the initial rule, according to 
industry estimates, was approximately $4 billion in capital costs to 
the forest industry and over $14 billion for all industrial sectors 
nationwide. The industry experts that I've talked with are very 
concerned that the standards are being set so high that they are going 
to have to make a massive new investment at a time when they can least 
afford it.
  The EPA is making progress in reducing the costs and coming up with a 
more practical approach to the boiler

[[Page 11519]]

MACT rules, and I believe we can achieve the health benefits that we 
desire without putting thousands of people out of work. This bill will 
help ensure that result.
  I look forward to working with my colleagues on both sides of the 
aisle to ensure that the EPA has sufficient time to propose a well 
thought-out rule that minimizes the negative effect on the economy, 
while helping to protect public health and the environment.
  Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that a letter of support be 
printed in the Record.
  There being no objection, the material was ordered to be printed in 
the Record, as follows:

                                                    July 20, 2011.
     Hon. Susan Collins,
     U.S. Senate, Washington, DC.
     Hon. Ron Wyden,
     U.S. Senate, Washington, DC.
       Dear Senators: We are writing to express our united and 
     strong support for legislation you are introducing today and 
     for H.R. 2250, the ``EPA Regulatory Relief Act of 2011,'' 
     bipartisan legislation to address the serious concerns that 
     remain with EPA's Boiler MACT rules. As they exist today, the 
     final Boiler MACT rules will have serious economic impacts on 
     a vast array of facilities across the industrial, commercial 
     and institutional sectors. These rules place at risk tens of 
     thousands of high-paying manufacturing jobs that our nation 
     cannot afford to lose.
       As finalized, the Boiler MACT rules are unaffordable, just 
     as the proposed rules were. The rules are not achievable for 
     real-world boilers across the range of fuels and operating 
     conditions. EPA also has created a presumption that materials 
     commonly used as fuels are wastes subject to the extremely 
     costly and stigmatizing incinerator standards. This would not 
     only impose billions of dollars in unreasonable costs, but it 
     also would cause millions of tons of valuable materials to be 
     diverted to landfills and replaced with fossil fuel--a bad 
     result for the environment.
       As EPA has acknowledged, the rules were finalized with 
     serious flaws because EPA was forced to meet a strict court-
     ordered deadline. The final Boiler MACT rule alone would cost 
     over $14 billion in capital for the manufacturing sector, 
     plus billions more in annual operating costs. Complying with 
     the incinerator standards could cost several billion dollars 
     more in capital.
       Legislation is needed to resolve serious uncertainties and 
     vulnerabilities, including to: ensure the rules are stayed 
     for an adequate and certain period, as EPA's current 
     administrative stay is being challenged in court; allow EPA 
     adequate time to re-propose the rules and get them right, 
     including time for stakeholders to conduct more emissions 
     testing and to avoid mistakes that occur when rulemakings of 
     this scope and importance are rushed and become vulnerable to 
     legal challenge; provide direction and support for EPA to use 
     the discretion it already has under the Clean Air Act and 
     Executive Order 13563 to add flexibility and make the rules 
     achievable; clarify that using non-hazardous materials as 
     fuels does not result in boilers being treated as 
     incinerators; and give facilities more time to comply with 
     the complex and capital-intensive requirements of the rules.
       If enacted, the ``EPA Regulatory Relief Act'' will provide 
     the much-needed certainty and time for EPA to get the rules 
     right and for businesses that will be investing billions of 
     dollars to rationally plan for the capital expenses. This 
     legislation will preserve jobs and the competitiveness of the 
     U.S. manufacturing sector while protecting the environment.
       Thank you for your leadership on this issue of great 
     importance to our industries and our workers.
           Sincerely,
         American Forest & Paper Association, American Chemistry 
           Council, American Home Furnishings Alliance, American 
           Petroleum Institute, American Wood Council, Association 
           of American Railroads, Biomass Power Association, Brick 
           Industry Association, Business Roundtable, Cement Kiln 
           Recycling Coalition, Composite Panel Association, 
           Construction Materials Recycling Association, Corn 
           Refiners Association, and Council of Industrial Boiler 
           Owners.
         Hardwood Plywood and Veneer Association, International 
           Falls Chamber of Commerce (MN), National Association of 
           Manufacturers, National Federation of Independent 
           Business, National Oilseed Processors Association, 
           National Solid Wastes Management Association, NORA, An 
           Association of Responsible Recyclers (formerly the 
           National Oil Recyclers Association), Rubber 
           Manufactures Association, Society of Chemical 
           Manufacturers and Affiliates, The International 
           Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers, The 
           United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of 
           America, Treated Wood Council, U.S. Chamber of 
           Commerce, and Virginia Forestry Association.

  Mr. WYDEN. Mr. President, biomass energy development is not only a 
great economic opportunity for Oregon, it is an essential piece of the 
forest health puzzle. Biomass energy helps create a market and a way to 
pay for forest thinning and hazardous fuels programs. It is also a way 
for keeping local timber and wood products mills in business at a time 
when the industry, like many in the U.S. is going through hard times. 
Biomass also provides an important renewable energy option for the 
Nation as a substitute for coal and other fossil fuels. Every region of 
the country has biomass energy opportunities even if the exact nature 
of the biomass that would be used varies from region to region. Today, 
I am joining my colleague from Maine, Senator Collins, and a bipartisan 
group of Senators, in introducing legislation to make sure that the 
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency can, and will, issue regulations 
under the Clean Air Act and the Solid Waste Disposal Act that ensure 
that the owners of these mills and biomass energy plants can continue 
to invest in them and maintain and create the jobs that are so badly 
needed.
  Pending Environmental Protection Agency regulations governing boilers 
and incinerators will make it very difficult for biomass energy to be 
used in the U.S. To its credit, EPA recognizes this fact and has 
repeatedly proposed to rewrite those regulations to address the 
concerns of biomass energy users, the forest products industry, and 
other industries. The legislation being introduced today is aimed at 
making sure that EPA can collect the necessary data and reissue its 
regulations in an orderly process that preserves biomass energy as a 
national energy option and allows economically hard pressed timber and 
forest products mills to remain in operation.
  On December 7, 2010, EPA, which was under court order to issue new 
Clean Air Act regulations for boilers and incinerators, filed a request 
with the Federal Court overseeing the boiler emissions rules asking for 
a delay in the court-ordered deadline for issuing the rules by 15 
months so that EPA could reevaluate its own proposed rules and address 
the problems raised by the forest products industry and others. 
However, the Federal judge hearing the case rejected EPA's request and 
gave EPA just a month to fix the rule. In February 2011, EPA met that 
deadline, but continuing to recognize the flaws in its regulations, it 
immediately triggered an administrative process known as 
reconsideration to allow affected industries to provide more 
information and for the agency to revise its regulations. In May, EPA 
agreed with industry comments that the rule needed to be reviewed and 
it agreed to stay, or delay, the implementation of the existing Clean 
Air Act rules for boilers and incinerators. Unfortunately, EPA did not 
issue a stay of a related rule which defines which materials can be 
burned in those boilers and which need to be burned in incinerators. 
EPA has now proposed a schedule, which it confirmed in letters to me 
and several other Senators, to consider additional comments by industry 
and others and develop new Clean Air Act rules.
  Unfortunately, this is not the end of the story. Stays can be lifted 
by the courts. This legislation would statutorily affirm the EPA's stay 
of the Clean Air Act rules. And it would affirm EPA's proposal to issue 
new regulations by a date certain. That date would be 15 months from 
the date of enactment, the same period of time EPA claimed was 
necessary to draft a new rule. The goal here, which I believe EPA 
shares, is to issue Clean Air Act regulations that make sense, not to 
do away with Clean Air Act regulations for boilers and incinerators.
  On the other hand, by not agreeing to make changes to the ``what's a 
fuel and what's not'' rule, EPA has made it very likely that many 
widely used boiler fuels can no longer be used, like wood scrap from 
door and window mills. And some results of the rule make little 
practical sense. For example, scrap tires that are picked up at a tire 
shop can continue to be burned as a fuel. Scrap tires that are picked 
up at a landfill cannot. EPA has indicated that

[[Page 11520]]

it will try to develop regulatory guidance to help industry navigate 
the regulatory confusion it has created.
  I appreciate the fact that EPA recognizes that there is a problem 
with the fuel-or-waste rule and that they are offering to try to fix it 
by issuing regulatory guidance. However, I am not convinced that EPA 
can fix the problems with the rule by just by issuing guidance. This 
legislation will direct EPA to establish new rules on what materials 
can be burned as boiler fuel, and which cannot, and give EPA clear 
statutory direction on what can be included. This direction limits 
allowable fuels to a specific list so that there are no surprises or 
backdoor exceptions. EPA can add to the list only after notice and 
comment so the public knows what, if any, additions are being made.
  This process for defining which fuels can be burned in a boiler and 
which cannot is very important to me. While it makes sense to continue 
to allow many materials that the wood products industry and others have 
used as boiler fuels for generations, I do not think that it's 
appropriate to simply decide that any fuel that was used in a boiler in 
the past should be grandfathered in. The provisions in this bill 
defining what materials can be burned in a boiler ensure that will not 
be the case. This was a major issue in litigation surrounding earlier 
versions of these rules and I do not think it is wise to ignore this 
fact. Congress has the opportunity to try to address the legitimate 
concerns about what is being burned in these boilers and it should.
  Finally, the bill would extend the normal 3 year period for boilers 
to come into compliance to 5 years. It is my hope that once there a 
final regulations and industry knows what it has to do that it will not 
take that long. However, there some 2000 boilers in the U.S. that would 
all have to upgrade or replace their units all at the same time and 
coincident with similar rules going into effect for electric utility 
company boilers. This extra time will mean that there will be no excuse 
for not meeting the final standards.
  Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that letters of support be 
printed in the Record.
  There being no objection, the material was ordered to be printed in 
the Record, as follows:

                                                U.S. Environmental


                                            Protection Agency,

                                    Washington, DC, June 27, 2011.
     Hon. Ron Wyden,
     U.S. Senate,
     Washington, DC.
       Dear Senator Wyden: I appreciate the opportunity to meet 
     with you on June 16, 2011, regarding the Environmental 
     Protection Agency's (EPA) Non-Hazardous Secondary Materials 
     (NHSM) rule, the Boiler Maximum Achievable Control Technology 
     (MACT) rule, and the Commercial and Industrial Solid Waste 
     Incinerators (CISWI) rule. Thank you for your constructive 
     engagement on these priority issues. We are currently 
     exploring various pathways under existing authority to 
     address your concerns.
       As you know, the Boiler MACT and CISWI standards are 
     currently subject to an administrative stay. Today, as part 
     of a filing with the United States Court of Appeals for the 
     District of Columbia Circuit, the EPA announced the intended 
     schedule for reconsideration of the boilers and CISWI rules. 
     To ensure that the agency's standards are based on the best 
     available data and that the public is given ample opportunity 
     to provide additional input and information, the agency 
     intends to propose the reconsideration rule by the end of 
     October 2011 and issue a final rule by the end of April 2012. 
     This is the best approach to establish technically and 
     legally sound standards that will bring significant health 
     benefits to the American public.
       We believe that this stay and the reconsideration period 
     will provide ample time to administratively address the 
     issues raised by various stakeholders on these corresponding 
     rules.
       The NHSM rule, which we discussed in our meeting, aims to 
     ensure that the burning of solid waste is subject to 
     appropriate emission controls required under the Clean Air 
     Act and that exposure to harmful pollutants is minimized. We 
     understand that biomass derivatives have long been used for 
     energy purposes in the wood products industry and we believe 
     our rule allows such use to continue without being subject to 
     the CISWI standards, provided that criteria, referred to as 
     ``legitimacy'' criteria, are met.
       Since promulgation of our rule, questions have arisen about 
     how these criteria will be applied and our goal has been to 
     ensure that the flexibility provided by the rule is in fact 
     realized. To that end, we have held several meetings with 
     industry representatives to discuss and understand their 
     concerns and to review newly available data. In addition, on 
     June 21, 2011, my Assistant Administrator for Solid Waste and 
     Emergency Response, Mathy Stanislaus, met with 
     representatives of several industries that use biomass 
     derivatives and other non-hazardous secondary materials as 
     fuel to ensure that they understand the significant 
     flexibility already afforded by the rule, and to discuss the 
     EPA's concepts for further clarifying that flexibility.
       As part of that discussion, Mr. Stanislaus explained that 
     one of the options that EPA is considering is issuing 
     clarifying guidance regarding the Agency's legitimacy 
     criteria. Such guidance is a useful tool that is often used 
     under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) to 
     address these types of issues. The guidance could provide a 
     clear guidepost for comparing traditional fuels with 
     secondary materials. It potentially could clarify that 
     certain nonhazardous secondary materials would not be 
     considered solid waste when combusted and that the units 
     combusting those materials can continue to be used as fuels 
     without having to meet the CISWI standards. Mr. Stanislaus 
     requested that the industry representatives provide the 
     Agency with supporting data on traditional fuels that could 
     further inform the development of such guidance, and asked 
     for feedback on the approach he outlined. In addition to this 
     approach, the Agency is also exploring other options.
       We recognize that stakeholders have also raised other 
     issues with the NHSM rule. We are continuing to evaluate 
     those issues expeditiously.
       I believe we have made significant progress in addressing 
     the concerns raised by the industry. I will continue to watch 
     the issue closely and keep you informed. My goal is to bring 
     these issues to closure as soon as possible.
           Sincerely,
                                                  Lisa P. Jackson,
     Administrator.
                                  ____

         U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Solid 
           Waste and Emergency Response,
                                    Washington, DC, July 11, 2011.
     Hon. Ron Wyden,
     U.S. Senate,
     Washington, DC.
       Dear Senator Wyden: Thank you again for the constructive 
     dialogue regarding issues relating to EPA's Non-Hazardous 
     Secondary Materials (NHSM) rule, the Boiler Maximum 
     Achievable Control Technology (MACT) rule and the Commercial 
     and Industrial Solid Waste Incinerator (CISWI) rule. In the 
     Administrator's letter of June 27, 2011 she indicated that 
     the agency is exploring various pathways to address your 
     specific concerns regarding implementation of the NHSM rule. 
     EPA is committed to issuing guidance to assist industry in 
     applying the legitimacy criteria, and had requested that 
     industry representatives provide the agency with supporting 
     data to further inform the development of such guidance.
       We received additional information from industry and based 
     on this information and further discussions, we have 
     developed the enclosed concept paper for the development of 
     guidance. The paper identifies approaches to the guidance 
     that EPA continues to evaluate for determining whether 
     concentrations of contaminants in the NHSM are ``comparable'' 
     to concentrations of those same contaminants in traditional 
     fuels. These comparisons are important in ensuring that NHSM 
     are being legitimately recycled and are not solid wastes, as 
     well as recognizing the varied uses of such secondary 
     materials as product fuels.
       We are optimistic about our ability to develop guidance 
     that meaningfully addresses the industry concerns and we are 
     giving it the highest priority within the agency. We intend 
     to complete internal development of draft guidance based on 
     the concept paper by August 31, 2011. In addition, we 
     continue to evaluate all available options available to 
     address the issues raised.
       Please be assured that EPA will continue to keep you 
     informed of our progress in addressing the issues involved 
     with the NHSM rule, as well as the related Clean Air Act 
     rulemakings. If you or your staff have any questions 
     regarding the enclosed concept paper, please contact me or 
     your staff may call Carolyn Levine in EPA's Office of 
     Congressional and Intergovernmental Relations at (202) 564-
     1859.
           Sincerely,
                                                 Mathy Stanislaus,
     Assistant Administrator.

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