[Congressional Record (Bound Edition), Volume 157 (2011), Part 5]
[Senate]
[Pages 6823-6824]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]




                             FLORIDA VOTING

  Mr. NELSON of Florida. Mr. President, I want to call to the attention 
of the Senate the fact that a number of State legislatures, including 
our State legislature in Florida, have been enacting election law bills 
that severely constrict the right of the people to express their vote.
  This has just occurred in the State of Florida, with the legislature 
adjourning in the early morning hours of Saturday, enacting a bill that 
has been sent to the Governor that would make it harder for the people 
of Florida to vote, harder for them to have their vote counted, and 
harder for the people to be able to register to vote.
  Common sense would tell you what we ought to be doing is exactly the 
opposite--that we ought to be making things easier to vote, and 
especially in a State such as ours, which went through that awful 
experience in November of 2000, when there was so much chaos, not only 
in the voting in the Presidential election but then in the counting of 
the votes. Of course, we all know how that ended up--Bush v. Gore in 
the U.S. Supreme Court, which stopped the recount that was proceeding.
  Because of that experience, to the credit of the State legislature, 
they started to make voting easier. For example, instead of just voting 
on election day, they had a 2-week period for early voting--something 
that other States have been doing for some period of time, so that 
people could go to designated polling places prior to election day. It 
certainly made it a lot easier on the supervisors of elections, the 
very people who are charged with the responsibility of registering 
voters and counting votes, because it spread the amount of people 
coming in to vote over time, so that all of them weren't there just 
within a 12-hour period on election day. This has turned out to be so 
popular in Florida that half of the voters in the last two elections 
voted prior to election day.
  Well, can you believe that the State legislature has seen fit to cut 
the 14- day early vote period back to 8, under the guise, well, we are 
going to make the amount of hours the same by giving the supervisors of 
elections discretion so that they could increase the voting days on 
early votes from 8 to 12 hours? But that is a ruse, because that means 
the election supervisors are going to have to pay time and a half, and 
those election supervisors are under the same kind of fiscal 
constraints that all of the other levels of government are right now 
and, as a result, what is going to happen is the voting hours are not 
going to be extended, and the State legislature has just constricted 
the number of voting days from 14 down to 8--and, by the way, they 
didn't let it run right up to the day before the election; they

[[Page 6824]]

backed it off several days before the election, which would be the last 
day of early voting.
  Why, when we want to make it easier to vote? Well, doesn't the 
legislature--and I hope the Governor, who has this bill coming to him--
understand that it is a tremendous convenience to senior citizens to 
make it easier for them, instead of having to stand in a long line on 
election day, that over a 2-week period they can go and vote in a 
designated place?
  Is there some reason they are trying to make it harder for senior 
citizens to vote? Well, it could be a lot of politics in this, but the 
fact is they are making it harder to vote, when in fact it ought to be 
the opposite.
  I wish I could report to the Senate that that was the only thing they 
have done, but it is not. They made it harder to register to vote. As a 
matter of fact, well-respected organizations, such as the League of 
Women Voters, for years and years have taken it as their responsibility 
to go out and try to register people to vote. The League of Women 
Voters is a nonpartisan organization, which has as its sole goal to try 
to promote activities that promote our democracy. Here is what they 
did. They said if you go out and register people to vote, and under 
current law, there is a period of something like 1\1/2\ weeks to 2 
weeks that you can turn in the names you have registered--no, no.
  This time, what the legislature has done is said if you don't turn 
those new registration forms in within 48 hours, you are going to be 
subject to a fine and possibly a criminal penalty. And the President of 
the League of Women Voters of Florida, Diedre McNabb, has said, in 
effect, what that means is that they will not put that onus on their 
members of a fine and a criminal penalty and, in effect, they will stop 
registering people ahead of time.
  What the election laws ought to do is exactly the opposite. We ought 
to have laws that encourage the registration of voters and try to get 
more people to participate. But that is not what the Florida 
legislature has done. It has done exactly the opposite.
  I wish I could report to the Senate that was the only thing they have 
done. But they did more. For four decades, Florida has had a law, in a 
highly mobile society, if you have moved and you go on election day to 
cast your vote, and your registration address is different than the 
address that you show, for example, where you registered to vote years 
ago--maybe even a year ago--but in the meantime you have moved and your 
documentation--say, your driver's license--shows your new address, for 
four decades the law of Florida has said that a voter can change their 
address in the polling place to update that record, showing proper 
identification of who they are and that their signature matches.
  Not so now. The legislature of Florida has just changed the law that 
if your address or your name changes--what happens if you got married 
in the last year and now your name doesn't match your registration 
name, but you still want to vote? What has the legislature of Florida 
done? They are going to require that you not cast a ballot. You are 
going to have to cast a provisional ballot, and you are going to have 
to have your authenticity certified after the fact.
  The experience with provisional ballots in the last Presidential 
election in Florida, in 2008, was that of the over 35,000 ballots cast, 
17,000--half of them--were not counted.
  Who are the people who have been operating and have benefited by that 
law in Florida for four decades? They have been people who have gotten 
married and their name has changed. They have been people in the mobile 
society in which we live who have moved and bought a new house or moved 
into a new apartment. In other words, all of us--we and our neighbors.
  Who else especially might have been the reason for the legislature of 
Florida to change this four decades-old law? The last Presidential 
election, college students in Florida voted in record numbers because 
college students in Florida in the town of their college went down 
where they had their registration. Yet their identification showed 
their address as their parents' home, not the registration address they 
had registered in their college town.
  That is not making it easier to vote. That is not encouraging college 
students to vote. That is doing exactly the opposite. That is 
suppressing the vote.
  What I am reporting to the Senate has been widely commented on in 
Florida in almost every editorial page in the State of Florida, with 
the bottom-line conclusion of what I have just said: It is trying to 
suppress the vote by making it harder to vote, harder to register to 
vote, and harder to have one's vote counted as it was intended.
  I have written the Governor, and I have asked the Governor to 
consider all these things. It is widely commented in the Florida press 
that the Governor will sign the bill, thus constricting, restricting--
whatever word you want to use--the right of the people to vote. If the 
Governor does sign the bill or lets it go into law without his 
signature, then our only other mechanism at this point, since there are 
5 counties in Florida's 67 counties that are under a watch list under 
the civil rights legislation of the Voting Rights Act of 1965--it is my 
intention to encourage the Department of Justice, the Civil Rights 
Division, to examine this legislation with regard to the Voting Rights 
Act. Preparatory to that, I had sent a letter to Thomas Perez, the 
Assistant Attorney General of the Civil Rights Division of the 
Department of Justice, alerting him to this fact.
  I have quoted in that letter several supervisors of election, both 
Democrats and Republicans, who have said that cutting the early voting 
period from 14 days to 8 will shrink poll access by 50 percent and 
disenfranchise a significant number of voters. That is what the 
supervisors of election, the elected officials in each of the counties, 
were telling me.
  I wish to quote a Republican supervisor of election, Deborah Clark, 
in Pinellas County, which is the county of St. Petersburg and 
Clearwater, FL. This is what she said:

       Not allowing address or name change changes on election day 
     will create an undue burden on eligible voters.

  She continues:

       It will also result in long lines at the polls and 
     discourage many voters from voting.

  It is self-evident, and this is an assault upon our democracy that 
should not be tolerated. But it happened and it happened in the last 
week of the legislative session. I hope--I hope--there will be such an 
outcry that this legislative policy gets reversed.
  I yield the floor.
  The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Nebraska.

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