[Congressional Record (Bound Edition), Volume 157 (2011), Part 14]
[Senate]
[Pages 19227-19230]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]




          STATEMENTS ON INTRODUCED BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS

      By Ms. COLLINS (for herself and Mr. Coons):
  S. 1976. A bill to authorize educational assistance under the Armed

[[Page 19228]]

Forces Health Professions Scholarship program for pursuit of advanced 
degrees in physical therapy and occupational therapy; to the Committee 
on Armed Services.
  Ms. COLLINS. Mr. President, I rise today to introduce a bill to allow 
physical and occupational therapists to enroll in the Armed Forces 
Health Professionals Scholarship Program. I am pleased to be joined in 
this effort by my colleague, Senator Coons of Delaware. Our legislation 
provides tuition assistance to critical health care professionals in 
exchange for service as a commissioned medical officer.
  Unfortunately, while the need for physical therapists has grown 
during the last ten years of combat, neither the Department of Defense 
nor the military services have conducted a separate analysis of the 
current or future DoD workforce requirements for occupational and 
physical therapists, even though such an analysis was required by last 
year's Defense authorization bill.
  This legislation would allow the military services to extend the same 
kind of educational benefits to physical and occupational therapists 
that are already afforded to physicians, dentists, physician 
assistants, and even veterinarians.
  Physical and occupational therapists at the military's major medical 
centers serve approximately 600 wounded warriors every day on their 
road to recovery. More than 32,000 service members have been wounded in 
Iraq and Afghanistan, including many who have suffered very serious 
injuries and amputations. Physical and occupational therapists play a 
critical role in the prevention of injury, rehabilitation, and recovery 
of wounded warriors. They not only serve in medical facilities, but are 
also embedded with combat brigade teams on the battlefield. They use 
their medical training and skill to overcome impairments, regardless of 
the cause to enable service members to overcome disability and succeed 
in all aspects of life.
  The idea for this bill came directly from a visit I had with a 
wounded Marine from Maine at the National Military Medical Center in 
Bethesda, Maryland in November. He was severely wounded by an IED in 
Afghanistan. He lost part of one leg and his other leg contains 
shrapnel wounds. Both of his arms were wounded, and he has a traumatic 
brain injury as well. In short, he has very serious wounds that are 
going to require a very lengthy recovery period. But, his spirits are 
amazingly strong and upbeat.
  However, when I asked him if he had any concerns, while he praised 
the care he was receiving, he said there was a severe shortage of 
physical therapists and other trained clinical personnel to help him in 
what is going to be a very long recovery. He is expected to be at 
Bethesda for another nine months. It troubles me that he believes there 
are not a sufficient number of physical therapists to help him and the 
other wounded warriors who are hospitalized at Bethesda.
  While the Department of Defense reports that it does not face a 
shortage in these professions overall, both the Air Force and the Navy 
report shortages in physical therapists, physical therapy technicians, 
and occupational therapists. One out of every four physical therapist 
positions in the active duty Navy is currently unfilled. So including 
these medical professions in this existing educational program would 
help meet this need.
  This bill is also endorsed by both the American Physical Therapy 
Association and the American Occupational Therapy Association, who 
agree this effort will help curtail a possible shortage of these 
valuable professionals in the future.
  I wish to point out, we are not authorizing additional or new funding 
in this bill, it is simply an important insurance policy against a 
shortfall of these medical professions that will help the Navy and the 
Air Force fill vacancies. After all, it is these talented and committed 
professionals who are helping our wounded warriors return to living 
full and independent lives.
  Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that letters of support be 
printed in the Record.
  There being no objection, the material was ordered to be printed in 
the Record as follows:

                                                 American Physical


                                          Therapy Association.

     Senator Susan Collins,
     Dirksen Senate Office Building,
     Washington, DC.
       Dear Senator Collins: On behalf of the more than 77,000 
     members of the American Physical Therapy Association, I write 
     to thank you for your amendment to the National Defense 
     Authorization Act and your introduction of legislation to 
     include physical therapists in the Health Professions 
     Scholarship Program (HPSP).
       APTA commends your efforts to add physical therapists to 
     the HPSP. This legislation will enable more of these highly 
     qualified professionals to help treat our nation's wounded 
     warriors and ensure that there will be no shortage in the 
     future. There should never be any disruption in care for the 
     reason of inadequate personnel.
       As you know, physical therapists play a critical role in 
     the prevention of injury, rehabilitation, and recovery of 
     wounded warriors around the world. They not only serve at 
     medical facilities like the Walter Reed National Military 
     Medical Center (WRNMMC), but they are also found on the 
     battlefield with the Army Medical Specialist Corps and are 
     embedded with combat brigade teams. They aid in shortening 
     the recovery time of soldiers so they can return to service, 
     and are a necessary and integral part of the health care 
     structure of the armed forces.
       Thank you for your commitment to improving the 
     rehabilitation and well being of our wounded warriors. Please 
     contact Michael Hurlbut, Associate Director of Congressional 
     Affairs, at [email protected] or 703-706-3160, if you 
     have any questions or would like any additional information.
           Sincerely,
                                           R. Scott Ward, PT, PhD,
     President.
                                  ____

                                         The American Occupational


                                    Therapy Association, Inc.,

                                   Bethesda, MD, December 7, 2011.
     Hon. Susan Collins,
     U.S. Senate,
     Washington, DC.
       Dear Senator Collins: On behalf of the American 
     Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA), the national 
     professional association representing the interests of more 
     than over 140,000 occupational therapists, occupational 
     therapy assistants and students of occupational therapy, I am 
     writing to thank you for sponsoring legislation to promote 
     occupational therapy within the United States military. This 
     legislation seeks to authorize educational assistance under 
     the Armed Forces Health Professions Scholarship program for 
     the pursuit of advanced degrees in occupational therapy and 
     physical therapy.
       Occupational therapy is a skilled health, wellness and 
     rehabilitation service with the goal of improving function, 
     independence and quality of life so that individuals can lead 
     more productive and rewarding lives. Occupational therapists 
     work within the military from the frontlines in Combat Stress 
     Control teams throughout the continuum of care to long-term 
     rehabilitation and stateside community reintegration. While 
     occupational therapists are present in every branch of the 
     service the Army has the largest and most prominent role for 
     occupational therapy; using the professions unique focus on 
     overcoming impairments regardless of the cause to enable 
     soldiers to overcome disability and succeed in all aspects of 
     life.
       The current wars in Iraq and Afghanistan have dramatically 
     increased the demand for occupational therapy practitioners 
     within the military. The signature injuries of these 
     conflicts include traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic 
     stress disorder, traumatic amputation and poly-trauma. Within 
     both the military and the Veterans Administration 
     occupational therapists work as critical members of the 
     treatment teams to address each of these conditions.
       AOTA and our members in the civilian world and the military 
     appreciate your leadership and vision in promoting 
     occupational therapy education and training for service 
     members so that they can go on to meet the needs of fellow 
     soldiers and society as a whole. Both within the military and 
     the private sector, demand for occupational therapy is 
     expected to increase dramatically and your legislation can 
     help meet those needs.
       We look forward to working with you and your staff to enact 
     this legislation during this session of Congress so that more 
     occupational therapists are trained to meet the health care, 
     rehabilitation and reintegration needs of our service 
     members.
           Sincerely,
                                                   Tim Nanof, MSW,
                                      Director of Federal Affairs.
                                 ______
                                 
  By Mr. SANDERS (for himself and Mr. Begich):
  S.J. Res. 33. A joint resolution proposing an amendment to the 
Constitution of the United States to expressly exclude for-profit 
corporations from the rights given to natural persons by

[[Page 19229]]

the Constitution of the United States, prohibit corporate spending in 
all elections, and affirm the authority of Congress and the States to 
regulate corporations and to regulate and set limits on all election 
contributions and expenditures; to the Committee on the Judiciary.
  Mr. SANDERS. Mr. President, I am submitting a resolution to amend the 
U.S. Constitution. I do not do this lightly, nor have I ever done 
something such as this before. The U.S. Constitution is an 
extraordinary document which has served our country well for over 200 
years and, in my view, it should not be amended often.
  But in light of the disastrous Supreme Court's 5-to-4 decision in the 
Citizens United case, I see no alternative but a constitutional 
amendment. I should add that a similar resolution has been offered in 
the House by Congressman Ted Deutch of Florida. This constitutional 
amendment is supported by such grassroots organizations as Public 
Citizen, People for the American Way, and the Center for Media and 
Democracy.
  Let me go on record as strongly as I can, and as clearly as I can, in 
stating that I strongly disagree with the Supreme Court's Citizens 
United decision. In my view, a corporation is not a person. In my view, 
a corporation does not have first amendment rights to spend as much 
money as it wants, without disclosure, on a political campaign. In my 
view, corporations should not be able to go into their treasuries and 
spend millions and millions of dollars on a campaign in order to buy 
elections.
  I do not believe that is what American democracy is supposed to be 
about. I do not believe that is what the bravest of the brave from our 
country, fighting for democracy, fought and died to preserve. Almost 2 
years ago, in its now infamous Citizens United decision, the United 
States Supreme Court upended over a century of precedent, taking a 
somewhat narrow legal question and using it as an opportunity to 
radically change our political landscape, unleashing a tsunami of 
corporate spending on campaign ads that has just begun. Make no 
mistake, the Citizens United ruling has radically changed the nature of 
our democracy, further tilting the balance of power toward the rich and 
the powerful at a time when already the wealthiest people in this 
country have never had it so good.
  In my view, history will record that the Supreme Court's Citizens 
United decision is one of the worst decisions ever made by a Supreme 
Court in the history of our country. While there is no way of knowing 
for sure, since there are no disclosure requirements in place to track 
what was spent, it is no secret that already in the 2010 midterm 
elections, corporations and some very wealthy individuals spent a huge 
and unprecedented amount of money to further their political goals. 
There is no question this is just the beginning of their efforts. At a 
time when corporations have over $2 trillion in cash in their bank 
accounts and are making recordbreaking profits, the American people 
should be concerned when the Supreme Court says these corporations have 
a constitutionally protected right to spend, spend, spend shareholders' 
money to dominate an election as if they were real live persons. There 
will be no end to the impact corporate interests can have on our 
campaigns and our democracy if we do not end this Citizens United 
decision and its impact on our Nation.
  All of us in the Senate share one common characteristic. We all run 
for elections. We all live in the real political world. Let me speak 
for a moment what I think many of my colleagues in their heart of 
hearts know to be true; that is, that while the campaign finance system 
we had before Citizens United was, in my view, a disaster--there is no 
question it is a disastrous situation where candidates, Members of the 
Senate, spend huge amounts of time having to raise money, and I know 
that is distasteful not just for Democrats, it is distasteful to 
Republicans, it is distasteful for an Independent; that is what we do--
now, as a result of Citizens United, that bad situation has become much 
worse because infinitely more money is going to come into the political 
process through nondisclosed donations suddenly appearing on TV screens 
in our States.
  According to an October 10, 2011, article in Politico:

       The billionaire industrialist brothers David and Charles 
     Koch plan to steer more than $200 million--potentially much 
     more--to conservative groups ahead of Election Day [2012].

  What do we think? Do we think American democracy is about a couple of 
wealthy billionaires putting hundreds of millions of dollars into 
campaigns without disclosure? Is that the democracy Americans fought 
and died for in war after war? I think not.
  It clearly is not just Republican operatives. There will be Democrats 
doing the same. So more and more money comes into the system. We do not 
know where it comes from, and in order to defend ourselves candidates 
are going to have to raise more money and become more and more 
dependent on big money interests. Does anybody believe that is what 
American democracy is supposed to be about?
  Let's talk about the practical impacts. What happens on the floor of 
the Senate? The six largest banks on Wall Street have assets equal to 
over 65 percent of our GDP, over $9 trillion--six banks. When an issue 
comes up that impacts Wall Street--some of us, for example, think it 
might be a good idea to break up these huge banks. Members walk to the 
desk up there and they have to decide am I going to vote for this, am I 
going to vote against it--with full knowledge that if they vote against 
the interests of Wall Street, 2 weeks later, there may be ads coming 
down into their State attacking them. Every Member of the Senate, every 
Member of the House, in the back of their minds, will be thinking: Gee, 
if I cast a vote this way, if I take on some big money interests, am I 
going to be punished for that? Will a huge amount of money be unleashed 
in my State?
  Everybody here understands that is true. It is not just taking on 
Wall Street, maybe it is taking on the drug companies, maybe it is 
taking on the private insurance companies, maybe it is taking on the 
military-industrial complex. But whatever powerful and wealthy special 
interest we are prepared to take on, on behalf of the interest of the 
middle-class and working families of this country, when we walk to that 
desk and we cast that vote, we know in the back of our mind we may be 
unleashing a tsunami of money coming into our State, and we are going 
to think twice about how we cast that vote.
  I am a proud sponsor of a number of bills that would respond to 
Citizens United and begin to get a handle on the problem. I would like 
to acknowledge them very briefly. One is the Disclose Act, sponsored by 
Senator Schumer, which would force corporations spending money on 
campaign ads to disclose their identity, as candidates have to do. That 
is a good thing. I support it.
  Another is the Fair Elections Now Act, sponsored by Senator Durbin, 
which would move us to publicly financed elections. I think that is a 
very good idea. I support that.
  The third piece of legislation is a recent resolution for a campaign 
finance constitutional amendment, introduced by Senator Tom Udall of 
New Mexico, that would make it clear that Congress and the States have 
the authority to write laws to regulate campaign spending across the 
country and make sure our State and Federal elections are about what is 
right for our democracy, and I support Senator Udall's resolution. But 
even these excellent pieces of legislation are not enough.
  The Constitution of this country has served us well for more than 200 
years. But when the Supreme Court says--for purposes of the first 
amendment--corporations are people, that writing checks from the 
company's bank account is constitutionally protected speech, and that 
even attempts by the Federal Government and States to impose reasonable 
restrictions on campaign ads are unconstitutional, when that occurs, 
our democracy is in grave danger. Something more needs to be done. 
There needs to be something more fundamental and indisputable, 
something that cannot be turned on its

[[Page 19230]]

head by a 5-to-4 Supreme Court decision.
  We have to send a constitutional amendment to the States that says 
simply and straightforwardly what everyone--except five members of the 
U.S. Supreme Court--seems to understand; that is, corporations are not 
people. Bank of America is not a person. ExxonMobil is not a person.
  The resolution I am offering calls for an amendment to be sent to the 
States that would do that. It would make perfectly clear, No. 1, 
corporations are not persons with equal constitutional rights as real-
life, flesh-and-blood human beings; No. 2, corporations are subject to 
regulation by the people; No. 3, corporations may not make campaign 
contributions, which has been the law of the land for the last century; 
No. 4, Congress and States have the power to regulate campaign finance 
as Senator Udall's amendment would also say.
  This amendment is cosponsored by Senator Begich of Alaska, and I 
would urge all my colleagues to cosponsor this amendment which, in 
fact, does what its title suggests, saves American democracy.

                          ____________________