[Congressional Record (Bound Edition), Volume 157 (2011), Part 1]
[House]
[Pages 935-938]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]




                   CONSTITUTIONAL AUTHORITY STATEMENT

  Pursuant to clause 7 of rule XII of the Rules of the House of 
Representatives, the following statements are submitted regarding the 
specific powers granted to Congress in the Constitution to enact the 
accompanying bill or joint resolution.
           By Ms. HIRONO:
       H.R. 447.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clauses 3 and 8.
           By Ms. HIRONO:
        H.R. 448.
        Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clauses 3 and 8.
            By Ms. HIRONO:
       H.R. 449.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clauses 3 and 8.
           By Mr. REICHERT:
       H.R. 450.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       The constitutional authority of Congress to enact this 
     legislation is provided by Article I, Section 8 of the United 
     States Constitution, specifically Clause 1 (relating to 
     providing for the general welfare of the United States) and 
     Clause 18 (relating to the power to make all laws necessary 
     and proper for carrying out the powers vested in Congress), 
     and Article IV, Section 3, Clause 2 (relating to the power of 
     Congress to dispose of and make all needful rules and 
     regulations respecting the territory or other property 
     belonging to the United States).
           By Mr. SULLIVAN:
       H.R. 451.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 3: ``The Congress shall have 
     Power To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among 
     the several States, and with the Indian tribes.''

[[Page 936]]


           By Mr. ROE of Tennessee:
       H.R. 452.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       The repeal of this provision is consistent with the powers 
     that are reserved to the States and to the people as 
     expressed in Amendment X to the United States Constitution.
           By Mr. SHULER:
       H.R. 453.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 4, of the Constitution expressly 
     provides Congress with the power to enact laws governing the 
     time, place, and manner of elections for Members of the House 
     of Representatives. This express grant of power would appear 
     to permit Congress to limit the number of times states can 
     conduct congressional districting and to prescribe how such 
     districting is conducted.
           By Mr. ROE of Tennessee:
       H.R. 454.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 9, Clause 7, which states: ``No Money 
     shall be drawn from the Treasury but in Consequence of 
     Appropriations made by Law; and a regular Statement and 
     Account of the Receipts and Expenditures of all public Money 
     shall be published from time to time.''
           By Mr. COLE:
       H.R. 455.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       This bill makes specific changes to existing law in a 
     manner that returns power to the States and to the people, in 
     accordance with Amendment X of the United States 
     Constitution.
       This bill is enacted pursuant to the power granted to 
     Congress under Article I, Section 9, Clause 6 which prohibits 
     the regulation of commerce which favors one state over 
     another.
       This bill is enacted pursuant to Amendment IX of the United 
     States Constitution.
           By Mr. GONZALEZ:
       H.R. 456.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 1: ``The Congress shall have 
     Power to lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, 
     to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and 
     general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts 
     and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States.''
           By Mr. McKINLEY:
       H.R. 457.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       According to Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 of the 
     Constitution: The Congress shall have power to enact this 
     legislation to regulate commerce with foreign nations, and 
     among the several states, and with the Indian tribes.
           By Ms. SLAUGHTER:
       H.R. 458.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Clauses 1, 3, and 18 of Section 8 of Article I of the 
     Constitution.
           By Mr. PAUL:
       H.R. 459.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       This legislation is authorized by Article I, Section 8 of 
     the Constitution: ``To coin Money, regulate the Value 
     thereof, and of foreign Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights 
     and Measures'' and ``To provide for the Punishment of 
     counterfeiting the Securities and current Coin of the United 
     States''.
           By Mr. CHAFFETZ:
       H.R. 460.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       This bill is enacted pursuant to the powers granted to 
     Congress under Article 1, Section 8, Clause 2.
           By Mr. CHAFFETZ:
       H.R. 461.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       This bill is enacted pursuant to the powers granted to 
     Congress under the 10th Amendment.
           By Mr. GOODLATTE:
       H.R. 462.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Clause 1 Section 8 of Article 1 of the United States 
     Constitution and Amendment XVI of the United States 
     Constitution.
           By Mr. CHAFFETZ:
       H.R. 463.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       This bill is enacted pursuant to Article 1, Section 8, 
     Clause 1; Article 1, Section 8, Clause 2; and Article 1, 
     Section 8, Clause 18.
           By Mr. CHAFFETZ:
       H.R. 464.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       This bill is enacted pursuant to the powers granted to 
     Congress under Article 1, Section 8, Clauses 1 and 2.
           By Mr. ALEXANDER:
       H.R. 465.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Clause 1, Section 8, Article 1 of the Constitution, which 
     states, ``The Congress shall have Power to . . . provide for 
     the common Defense and general Welfare of the United States . 
     . .''
           By Mr. BACA:
       H.R. 466.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 of the U.S. Constitution.
           By Ms. BERKLEY:
       H.R. 467.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Sec. 8 of the United States Constitution.
           By Ms. BERKLEY:
       H.R. 468.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Sec. 8 of the United States Constitution.
            By Mr. BISHOP of New York:
        H.R. 469.
        Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Clauses 1, 3, and 18 of Section 8 of Article I of the 
     Constitution.
            By Mr. HECK:
       H.R. 470.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, section 8 of the Constitution of the United 
     States grants Congress the authority to enact this bill.
            By Mr. BOEHNER:
        H.R. 471.
        Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Clause 1 and Clause 17 of Section 8 of Article I of the 
     Constitution of the United States grants the Congress the 
     power to enact this law.
           By Mr. BOREN:
       H.R. 472.
        Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Clause 1 of Section 8 of Article I of the Constitution.
           By Mr. BOREN:
       H.R. 473.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Clause II, Section III, Article IV of the Constitution.
           By Mr. BOREN:
       H.R. 474.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Clause III, Section VIII, Article I of the Constitution.
           By Mr. BOREN:
       H.R. 475.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Clause I, Section VIII, Article I of the Constitution.
           By Mr. BRADY of Texas:
       H.R. 476.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 7: ``All Bills for raising Revenue shall 
     originate in the House of Representatives . . .''
       Article I, Section 8: ``The Congress shall have Power To 
     lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, . . .''
       Amendment XVI (16th Amendment): ``The Congress shall have 
     power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever 
     source derived, without apportionment among the several 
     States, and without regard to any census or enumeration.''
           By Mr. BRALEY of Iowa:
       H.R. 477.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       This bill is enacted pursuant to the power granted to 
     Congress under Article I, Section 8, Clause 18 of the United 
     States Constitution.
           By Mr. BUCHANAN:
       H.R. 478.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       The constitutional authority on which this resolution rests 
     is the power of Congress as enumerated in Article I, Section 
     8 of the United States Constitution.
           By Mr. BUTTERFIELD:
       H.R. 479.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 7 of the United States 
     Constitution.
           By Ms. CASTOR of Florida:
       H.R. 480.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause (1) and Clause (3).
           By Mr. CONNOLLY of Virginia:
       H.R. 481.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 1, Section 8, Clause 18.
           By Mr. COOPER:
       H.R. 482.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to its authority under Clause 3 of Section 8 of Article 1 of 
     the Constitution to regulate commerce among the several 
     states.

[[Page 937]]


           By Mr. DeFAZIO:
       H.R. 483.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 4, which states that Congress 
     has the power to establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization.
           By Mr. DEUTCH:
       H.R. 484.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       The First Amendment of the United States Constitution.
           By Mr. FRANKS of Arizona:
       H.R. 485.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 1, Section 8, Clause 1.
           By Mr. GARAMENDI:
       H.R. 486.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8:
       ``The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, 
     Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for 
     the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; 
     but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform 
     throughout the United States;
       ``To borrow Money on the credit of the United States;
       ``To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the 
     several States, and with the Indian Tribes;
       ``To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization, and 
     uniform Laws on the subject of Bankruptcies throughout the 
     United States;
       ``To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof and of foreign 
     Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights and Measures;
       ``To provide for the Punishment of counterfeiting the 
     Securities and current Coin of the United States;
       ``To establish Post Offices and post Roads;
       ``To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by 
     securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the 
     exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries;
       ``To constitute Tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court;
       ``To define and punish Piracies and Felonies committed on 
     the high Seas, and Offences against the Law of Nations;
       ``To declare War, grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal, and 
     make Rules concerning Captures on Land and Water;
       ``To raise and support Armies, but no Appropriation of 
     Money to that Use shall be for a longer Term than two Years;
       ``To provide and maintain a Navy;
       ``To make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the 
     land and naval Forces;
       ``To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the 
     Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections and repel 
     Invasions;
       ``To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining, the 
     Militia, and for governing such Part of them as may be 
     employed in the Service of the United States, reserving to 
     the States respectively, the Appointment of the Officers, and 
     the Authority of training the Militia according to the 
     discipline prescribed by Congress;
       ``To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases 
     whatsoever, over such District (not exceeding ten Miles 
     square) as may, by Cession of particular States, and the 
     Acceptance of Congress, become the Seat of the Government of 
     the United States, and to exercise like Authority over all 
     Places purchased by the Consent of the Legislature of the 
     State in which the Same shall be, for the Erection of Forts, 
     Magazines, Arsenals, dock-Yards, and other needful 
     Buildings;--And
       ``To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for 
     carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other 
     Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the 
     United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof.''
           By Mr. GARAMENDI:
       H.R. 487.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 1--The Legislative Branch, Section 8--Powers of 
     Congress:
       ``The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, 
     Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for 
     the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; 
     but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform 
     throughout the United States;
       ``To borrow money on the credit of the United States;
       ``To regulate Commerce with foreign Nations, and among the 
     several States, and with the Indian Tribes;
       ``To establish an uniform Rule of Naturalization, and 
     uniform Laws on the subject of Bankruptcies throughout the 
     United States;
       ``To coin Money, regulate the Value thereof, and of foreign 
     Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights and Measures;
       ``To provide for the Punishment of counterfeiting the 
     Securities and current Coin of the United States;
       ``To establish Post Offices and Post Roads;
       ``To promote the Progress of Science and useful Arts, by 
     securing for limited Times to Authors and Inventors the 
     exclusive Right to their respective Writings and Discoveries;
       ``To constitute Tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court;
       ``To define and punish Piracies and Felonies committed on 
     the high Seas, and Offenses against the Law of Nations;
       ``To declare War, grant Letters of Marque and Reprisal, and 
     make Rules concerning Captures on Land and Water;
       ``To raise and support Armies, but no Appropriation of 
     Money to that Use shall be for a longer Term than two Years;
       ``To provide and maintain a Navy;
       ``To make Rules for the Government and Regulation of the 
     land and naval Forces;
       ``To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the 
     Laws of the Union, suppress Insurrections and repel 
     Invasions;
       ``To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining, the 
     Militia, and for governing such Part of them as may be 
     employed in the Service of the United States, reserving to 
     the States respectively, the Appointment of the Officers, and 
     the Authority of training the Militia according to the 
     discipline prescribed by Congress;
       ``To exercise exclusive Legislation in all Cases 
     whatsoever, over such District (not exceeding ten Miles 
     square) as may, by Cession of particular States, and the 
     acceptance of Congress, become the Seat of the Government of 
     the United States, and to exercise like Authority over all 
     Places purchased by the Consent of the Legislature of the 
     State in which the Same shall be, for the Erection of Forts, 
     Magazines, Arsenals, dock-Yards, and other needful Buildings; 
     And
       ``To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for 
     carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other 
     Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the 
     United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof.''
           By Mr. GERLACH:
       H.R. 488.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       The Congress enacts this bill pursuant to Clause 18 of 
     Section 8 of Article I of the United States Constitution.
           By Mr. GOSAR:
       H.R. 489.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Sec. 8, to exercise exclusive legislation over 
     federal lands in addition to the Congressional power to 
     control obstructions to navigable waters, including dams, and 
     the historical doctrine recognizing that the States possess 
     dominion over the beds of all navigable streams within their 
     borders, and the servitude that Congress' power to regulate 
     commerce imposes upon such streams. United States v. 
     Chandler-Dunbar Co., 229 U.S. 53, 73 (U.S. 1913) (recognizing 
     Congressional authority over dams obstructing navigable 
     waters and the re-sale of hydroelectric water power). See 
     also Arizona v. California, 283 U.S. 423 (U.S. 1931) (Court 
     deferred to Congress for establishment of the Boulder Canyon 
     Project Act and reasoning that ``As the river is navigable 
     and the means which the Act provides are not unrelated to the 
     control of navigation . . . the erection and maintenance of 
     such dam and reservoir are clearly within the powers 
     conferred upon Congress. . . . And the fact that purposes 
     other than navigation will also be served could not 
     invalidate the exercise of the authority conferred, even if 
     those other purposes would not alone have justified an 
     exercise of congressional power.'' Finally, the Court has 
     construed Congressional regulation over navigable waters 
     broadly concluding that ``that authority is as broad as the 
     needs of commerce. United States v. Appalachian Power Co., 
     311 U.S., 407, 409-410 (U.S. 1940).
           By Mr. HEINRICH:
       H.R. 490.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       The constitutional authority of Congress to enact this 
     legislation is provided by Article IV, Section 3 of the 
     United States Constitution.
           By Mr. HEINRICH:
       H.R. 491.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       The constitutional authority of Congress to enact this 
     legislation is provided by Article IV, Section 3 of the 
     United States Constitution.
           By Mr. HOLT:
       H.R. 492.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I of the United States Constitution.
           By Mr. JONES:
       H.R. 493.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       The constitutional authority of Congress to enact this 
     legislation is provided by Article 1, Section 8 of the United 
     States Constitution (Clauses 12, 13, 14, and 16), which 
     grants Congress the power to raise and support an Army; to 
     provide and maintain a Navy; to make rules for the government 
     and regulation of the land and naval forces; and to provide 
     for organizing, arming, and disciplining the militia.
           By Ms. KAPTUR:
       H.R. 494.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       The constitutional authority of Congress to enact this 
     legislation is provided by Article I, Section 8 of the United 
     States Constitution, specifically Clause 1 (relating to

[[Page 938]]

     the power of Congress to provide for the general welfare of 
     the United States), Clause 3 (relating to the power to 
     regulate commerce among the several states), and Clause 18 
     (relating to the power to make all laws necessary and proper 
     for carrying out the powers vested in Congress), and Article 
     IV, Section 3, Clause 2 (relating to the power of Congress to 
     dispose of and make all needful rules and regulations 
     respecting the territory or other property belonging to the 
     United States).
           By Mr. KING of New York:
       H.R. 495.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 1: ``The Congress shall have 
     Power to lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, 
     to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and 
     general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts 
     and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States.''
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 18: ``The Congress shall have 
     Power to make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper 
     for carrying into Execution the forgoing Powers, and all 
     other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of 
     the United States or in any Department or Officer thereof.''
           By Mr. KING of New York:
       H.R. 496.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 1: ``The Congress shall have 
     Power to lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, 
     to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and 
     general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts 
     and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States.''
           By Mr. LATTA:
       H.R. 497.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Clause 6, Section 8, Article 1, which states ``The Congress 
     shall have the power . . . to coin Money, regulate the Value 
     thereof, and of foreign Coin, and fix the Standard of Weights 
     and Measures.''
           By Mr. LATTA:
       H.R. 498.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Amendment I to the United States Constitution, which states 
     ``Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of 
     religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or 
     abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the 
     right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition 
     the Government for a redress of grievances.''
           By Mr. LATTA:
       H.R. 499.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Clause 1 of Section 8 of Article I of the United States 
     Constitution, which states ``The Congress shall have Power to 
     lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay 
     the debts and provide for the common Defence and general 
     Welfare of the United States: but all Duties, Imposts and 
     Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States.''
       Amendment XVI to the United States Constitution, which 
     states ``The Congress shall have power to lay and collect 
     taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, without 
     apportionment among several States, and without regard to any 
     census or enumeration.''
           By Mr. LEVIN:
       H.R. 500.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       This bill makes changes to existing law relating to Article 
     1, Section 7 which provides that ``All bills for raising 
     Revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives.''
           By Mr. MARKEY:
       H.R. 501.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       The Constitutional authority of Congress to enact this 
     legislation is provided by Article IV, Section 3, which 
     provides that Congress shall have the power to dispose of and 
     make all needful Rules and Regulations respecting the 
     Territory or other Property belonging to the United States.
           By Ms. MATSUI:
       H.R. 502.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clauses 3 and 18.
           By Mr. GEORGE MILLER of California:
       H.R. 503.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Clauses 3 and 18 of Section 8, Article I, of the U.S. 
     Constitution.
           By Mrs. MYRICK:
       H.R. 504.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       The U.S. Constitution--Article 1, Section 8--``The Congress 
     shall . . . provide for the common defence and general 
     welfare of the United States . . .''
           By Mr. NADLER:
       H.R. 505.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Clauses 3 and 18 of Section 8 of Article I of the 
     Constitution.
           By Ms. NORTON:
       H.R. 506.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Clause 17 of Section 8 of Article I of the Constitution.
           By Mr. PETRI:
       H.R. 507.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 of the Constitution.
           By Mr. POSEY:
       H.R. 508.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       The Congress enacts this bill pursuant to Clause 1 of 
     Section 8 of Article I of the United States Constitution.
           By Mr. REHBERG:
       H.R. 509.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Clause 3 of Section 8 of Article I of the Constitution: 
     ``The Congress shall have Power . . . To regulate Commerce 
     with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with 
     the Indian Tribes.''
       The specific Constitutional Authority cited here is not 
     intended and should not be construed to be exclusive of any 
     other general or specific Constitutional Authority that is 
     otherwise applicable.
           By Mr. REHBERG:
        H.R. 510.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Clause 3 of Section 8 of Article I of the Constitution: 
     ``The Congress shall have Power . . . To regulate Commerce 
     with foreign Nations, and among the several States, and with 
     the Indian Tribes.''
       The specific Constitutional Authority cited here is not 
     intended and should not be construed to be exclusive of any 
     other general or specific Constitutional Authority that is 
     otherwise applicable.
           By Mr. ROONEY:
       H.R. 511.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article 1 Section 8: ``To regulate Commerce with foreign 
     Nations, and among the several States, and with Indian 
     Tribes;''
           By Mr. SABLAN:
        H.R. 512.
        Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Under Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 of the Constitution, 
     Congress has the power to collect taxes and expend funds to 
     provide for the general welfare of the United States. 
     Congress may also make laws that are necessary and proper for 
     carrying into execution their powers enumerated under Article 
     I.
           By Mr. SCHOCK:
        H.R. 513.
        Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       The constitutional authority on which this bill rests is 
     the power of Congress as stated in Article I, Section 8 and 
     Article I, Section 9 of the United States Constitution.
           By Mr. SENSENBRENNER:
       H.R. 514.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       The authority to enact this bill is derived from, but may 
     not be limited to, Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 of the 
     United States Constitution.
           By Mr. SMITH of New Jersey:
        H.R. 515.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       The constitutional authorities on which this bill rests are 
     those given in Article I, Section 5, Clause 2; Article I, 
     Section 8, Clause 1; Article I, Section 8, Clause 4; Article 
     I, Section 8, Clause 18.
            By Mr. WOLF:
        H.R. 516.
        Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       The constitutional authority on which this bill rests is 
     the power of Congress to regulate foreign and interstate 
     commerce, as enumerated in Article 1, Section 8, Clause 3 of 
     the United States Constitution.
           By Mr. YOUNG of Alaska:
       H.R. 517.
       Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       The constitutional authority on which this bill rests is 
     the power of Congress to make rules for the government and 
     regulate commerce, as enumerated in Article 1, Section 8, 
     Clause 3 of the United States Constitution.
            By Mr. YOUNG of Alaska:
        H.R. 518.
        Congress has the power to enact this legislation pursuant 
     to the following:
       Article I: Section 8: ``The Congress shall have Power To 
     lay and collect Taxes . . . [and] to regulate Commerce . . . 
     among the several States, and with the Indian Tribes.''

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