[Congressional Record (Bound Edition), Volume 155 (2009), Part 6]
[House]
[Pages 7637-7644]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]




                 CARBON TAX AND THE PRESIDENT'S BUDGET

  The SPEAKER pro tempore (Ms. Kosmas). Under the Speaker's announced 
policy of January 6, 2009, the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Shimkus) is 
recognized for 60 minutes.
  Mr. SHIMKUS. I come to the floor tonight--and I will be joined by a 
couple of my colleagues--to talk about the President's budget and the 
issue of the carbon tax proposed therein.
  Part of the President's budget submission is $686 billion raised by a 
carbon tax. This poses a serious number of questions, and I will 
highlight the history and then talk about how that addresses a concern 
from, really, a large part of this country, especially the Midwest.
  When the 1990 Clean Air Act passed and was signed into law, a mining 
operation in my congressional district, Peabody Mine #10, which is 
located right here, a big facility, very efficient, and the great thing 
about this facility was that right across the street and down the road 
was a coal-fired generating plant.
  So you have what you hear a lot of people talk about today, a mine 
mouth operation, where you have the coal located underground and you 
have the power plant on the surface. So you save in the aspect of 
transportation either by rail or by truck.
  What happened under the Clean Air Amendments of 1990 is what will 
happen as we move to a carbon-constrained regime when we monetize 
carbon, is that in this process there will be winners and losers. So I 
am coming

[[Page 7638]]

to the floor tonight to talk about who these people are and why are 
they in this debate. One of the most clearly identified losers in a 
cap-and-tax regime are the miners.

                              {time}  1815

  Now, we hear a lot about green jobs, but I can guarantee you that the 
green jobs created will in no way match the loss of the fossil fuel 
industry in this country. And when I say fossil fuel, I talk about all 
the fossil fuel regimes, from coal to crude oil to natural gas. And we 
could go, as we talked about last fall oil shale, we could talk about 
the tar sands, vast resources of energy which, through a climate change 
regime, through a cap-and-tax provision, we could lose.
  Well, these guys lost out and ladies. This one mine in southern 
Illinois that had over 1,200 miners was shut down, and it was shut down 
to meet the requirements of the 90 amendments to the Clean Air Act. So 
I find it very, very difficult when my colleagues say there will be no 
effect. And we have been very successful, I think, in this debate to 
highlight the reality that people will lose jobs as we move to address 
the climate regime. These guys and these ladies lost their jobs. This 
is one mine.
  I talked to an individual who was a business agent for the United 
Mine Workers who told me, at one time before these acts were passed 
there were about 16,000 bargain members of the United Mine Workers in 
southern Illinois. After this last legislation was passed, he was 
reorganized into a three-State region and he only was working for at 
that time 4,000 miners. So he went from 14,000 miners in southern 
Illinois to 4,000 United Mine Workers in a three-State region. There 
will be definitely be effects, and it is the blue-collar jobs, the 
working men and women who have mined our coals.
  The historical importance of coal mining is part of the reason why 
many immigrant families found jobs when they moved here. I am a fourth-
generation Lithuanian. My great grandfather came to this country and 
worked in the coal mine. That story is told over and over and over 
again and highlights the importance of this debate. So you go from this 
coal mine, this operation to nothing, you go to this job loss, and then 
you go to the last revenue for the county.
  Now, this is just one story that can be told over and over again in 
just my State, central Illinois, from central Illinois all the way down 
to the southern tip, that story of miners losing their jobs. So that is 
why we come to this debate. And we come fervently to talk about the 
challenges of a cap-and-trade regime.
  In this country, the portfolio of energy, again, in this chamber the 
electricity produced is by a coal-fired power plant just two blocks 
away from here. The electricity generated in this country is generated 
by 49 percent coal. So just imagine that you take coal out of the 
equation. Now you have current demand and you have less than half the 
amount of supply. And if you understand supply and demand, costs will 
then escalate. Who will that cost escalate to? Well, it escalates to 
everybody.
  We hear about the President is making work pay tax credit, the $300 
to $400 a year for an individual or the $700 for a couple, that is for 
95 percent of all Americans, as he promised. But what he hasn't been 
able to explain is how, as he passes this cap-and-tax on to the 
American public, he is going to tax everybody, 100 percent, because we 
will pay, the consumer will pay for the energy used across the board, 
because energy is used in everything that we touch, we eat, we consume 
in this country, and that cost will be passed on in higher costs.
  So now let's just talk about the manufacturing sector. If you think 
that the manufacturing sector that is in this economic malaise right 
now, you think it is better served with low energy costs or high energy 
costs? I think the answer is clear: It is better served with low energy 
costs. If our manufacturing sector is completing against the likes of 
India and China in the manufacturing sector, do you think our 
manufacturing sector is better served with higher costs versus the 
competitors of India and China? Of course they are not. But this 
Congress and this President is planning to threaten the economic 
vitality of this country on this cap-and-tax regime and put thousands 
and thousands of people employed either in the mines or in the power 
plants or in the manufacturing sector out of work.
  And I am just going to end with this story, and then I will yield to 
my colleague from Minnesota. People say, well, you know, America has 
got to lead. We have got to lead the folks from India and China. I was 
in a bipartisan meeting with senior Democrat leaders talking to a 
senior Chinese official; and I didn't ask the question, two of my 
democratic colleagues asked this question. The question was: Will China 
ever agree to an international cap-and-trade regime that is complied by 
the worldwide organization?
  After answering both questions for about 15 minutes, the answer was 
the same, and this is a paraphrase. He said: You know, the United 
States and Western Europe built their middle class by cheap fossil fuel 
use, and now it is our turn. Now it is our turn.
  So for anyone who thinks that they are going to comply just because 
we have now guttered ourselves and made ourselves less competitive and 
they are going to be goody two-shoes and going to join, they are wrong, 
and they are not understanding this other simple fact. I think in 
January, more automobiles were sold in China than in the United States. 
They are only starting their era of fossil fuel use. They are not going 
to stop their era of fossil fuel use. They are not going to comply with 
any international standards.
  So our pain, our job loss, our inability to get out of this recession 
or this economic malaise is going to be held hostage to the fact that 
China is going to do nothing. We are going to tell our blue-collar 
workers out there, yeah, we are going to shut down this coal mine in 
the hopes that we can encourage China to join us? Are they kidding me?
  So that is why we took to the floor. There is a lot more to talk 
about. I appreciate my colleague and friend from Minnesota for coming 
down, and I would like to yield time to her.
  Mrs. BACHMANN. I commend the gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. 
Shimkus) for all the work that he has done, the tremendous work on 
energy. The energy fight that we all participated in last summer when 
we talked about how we needed to adopt an all-of- the-above-energy 
standard so that we can increase America's energy supply, your 
leadership was exemplary on that effort.
  We all remember how much fun that was last July 4, when we were all 
paying $4 and more a gallon, thinking that we were on our way to paying 
$6 a gallon, $8 a gallon. We had no idea where it would lead, because 
what we are seeing was that the world was diminishing its supply, 
raising its prices. And here in the United States we adopted a policy 
that was to not produce more American energy, and that constricted and 
constrained the American public because they had less supply and they 
had to pay more money. This was not a scenario that the American people 
were very happy about, and we can see why.
  Now, it is curious that under President Obama's spending plan, and 
that is what we talked about last week on the floor, that the 
President's budget spends too much, it taxes too much, it borrows too 
much. All of this radical historical level of spending is mandating 
massive tax increases. Mandating.
  Just the stimulus plan alone, which we found doesn't do anything to 
stimulate, was over $1 trillion in spending. Then we saw after that a 
$410 billion budget bill which included almost 9,000 earmarks. And our 
President, who said he would not sign a bill with earmarks, signed a 
bill loaded with earmarks, and he did it behind a closed door where no 
cameras were present. And sandwiched in between all that massive 
spending was a fiscal responsibility summit. Now, that was a little 
humorous to me, but now here we are today talking about the budget.
  Moving forward. This historic level of spending, $3.7 trillion, where 
will the

[[Page 7639]]

money come? Where will the money come from to fund all of this massive 
spending? I can guarantee to the American people, there is no vault 
back here in the Capitol filled with wrapped $100 bills. There is no 
money here. There is no money tree out on the Capitol lawn that 
produces money every morning that we can shake and go gather that money 
up and spend on all these programs, socialized medicine, all the 
programs that the President is envisioning. So where will we go to get 
this money?
  To fuel this radical historic level of spending, we are looking at 
the system that Mr. Shimkus has spoken of so well, and it is the cap-
and-trade system, which we all know now is a subterfuge for an energy 
tax. This is a massive tax. And just as our President stood right here 
in this room several weeks ago and looked into the camera and said to 
the American people: 95 percent of the American people will pay no 
increase in taxation. And that absolutely is not true. We know it, 
because during the course of those remarks he said he wants to pass a 
cap-and-trade system.
  What will cap-and-trade do? It will increase the price of almost 
every product and service in the United States. Why? Because think of 
any commodity that somehow doesn't have energy attached to it. There 
isn't one.
  I hail from great State of Minnesota, Minnesota's Sixth District. I 
will tell you one thing. When October hits in Minnesota, you turn on 
your furnace, and your furnace stays on until April. Our furnace is 
still on in Minnesota. It stays on. Energy is a fact of life. And under 
this cap-and-tax system, we are looking at a minimum 40 percent 
increase in the monthly energy bill, the monthly electric bill, let 
alone the increase in the gas tax when you go to the gas station, let 
alone when you go to the grocery store the increase in taxation. We 
know this.
  As a matter of fact, we have some quotes from our President. We have 
a quote just a few days ago when the President said that he wants to 
pass this cap-and-tax system, but he said we may need to delay 
implementation until 2012. Why? Because our President said, in our 
current economic meltdown, we will not be able to afford a cap-and-tax 
system. Well, we know something about our economy. We engage in 
business cycles where we have good times and not so good times. What 
are we going to do, suspend this tax in not so good times? The 
President by his own words is admitting this will harm our economic 
future.
  In fact, when President Obama was running for President, he said, and 
I quote, ``What I said is that we would put a cap-and-trade system in 
place that is more, that is as aggressive if not more aggressive than 
anybody else's out there.'' So if somebody wants to build a coal 
powered plant, they can. It is just that they will bankrupt them, 
because they are going to be charged a huge sum for all that greenhouse 
gas that is being emitted.
  And then he want on to say, ``When I was asked earlier about the 
issue of coal, uh, you know, under my plan of a cap-and-trade system, 
electricity rates would necessarily skyrocket.''
  Coal is the number one energy electricity producer in the United 
States, and we have coal in abundance in this country. Coal isn't evil. 
Oil isn't evil. Natural gas isn't evil. It has given us the energy to 
fuel the greatest economy that has ever been known in the history of 
man. And I fear that what we will be seeing is the demise of the 
American economy if we tie cement blocks onto the coal, oil, and 
natural gas industry. And I fear even the biofuel industry will be 
negatively impacted, the solar and wind industries I think also will be 
negatively impacted, because we need to have money in private hands to 
be able to create these new, wonderful alternative forms of energy that 
we need to have in the United States. We want to see more nuclear 
powered plants, zero emissions.

                              {time}  1830

  Now, if the President is truly worried about the emissions problem 
into our atmosphere, why not embrace nuclear power? It produces zero 
emissions. We should be building nuclear power plants all across this 
country.
  I don't want to take up all the time here, and I would be happy to 
dialogue with my colleague. Again, I want to thank Mr. Shimkus, because 
Mr. Shimkus understands, unfortunately all too well personally in his 
own district, what the cost has been when government rolls the dice 
with people's lives and thinks that they have come up with some grand 
new idea, but that grand new idea, as we have already seen economists 
forecast, is a loss of at minimum 1 million jobs. How could America 
accommodate right now 1 million more job losses because of this new 
tax? I yield back.
  Mr. SHIMKUS. I think there is a group that will have jobs in this 
regime, and it is the Wall Street traders.
  Mrs. BACHMANN. That's right.
  Mr. SHIMKUS. The cap-and-tax regime, the cap-and-trade regime is 
predicated on the fact they are going to trade these carbon credits on 
a trading floor. So we are going to allow folks like Goldman Sachs and 
Bear Stearns--my colleague from Ohio just left the floor talking about 
the demise of the economy based upon shady actions. My colleagues on 
the other side who are on the floor are always throwing bombs at the 
New York Mercantile Exchange and these traders, the people who trade 
these instruments on the floor. This is a way for rich people to get 
richer, when you have a trading floor for carbon.
  If my colleagues on the other side were intellectually honest, and I 
don't think they are being intellectually honest, they would say, let's 
outright cap, let's tax carbon emissions. Let's put a monetary amount 
on the carbon emission, and let's make it transparent so the public 
understands how much they are going to pay to try to mitigate carbon 
use. But they can't go that route because they can't be intellectually 
honest in this debate because they know the public will not accept the 
increase in energy cost and the job losses that are going to incur. So 
what do they do? They package this cap-and-trade trading floor scheme. 
And the same people they vilify, the Wall Street traders, are the 
people they are holding up saying, oh, no, but this system is going to 
work fine.
  So, this carbon tax, I pulled this out, this is the President's 
``making work pay tax credit.'' I think we are being generous saying it 
is $800. I think it is about $700. The impact of a cap-and-tax 
provision as proposed in the budget is $1,600 per individual. So the 
net loss to the individual, the household and the family is $800. We 
are in the hole. We are not making money on this deal. We are behind.
  Who is going to determine where this money goes to? The story I like 
to tell is that it is like the bank robbers. They rob the bank. They go 
to the hideout. And they put the loot on the table. And where do the 
real fights begin? The fights begin as to how they are trying to split 
the proceeds. What is going on here in Washington now is my friends on 
the other side are trying to buy off votes to pass this regime 
promising this largess, which is a tax increase paid for by us, saying, 
``don't worry, you will get your share.'' It is just like the bank 
robbers. And that is why I'm so angry about it.
  I yield to my colleague from Minnesota.
  Mrs. BACHMANN. I thank you for yielding.
  When we are looking at the money and where all of this massive amount 
of money will be spent, again, the placeholder in the President's 
budget is $646 billion. But we are told that is maybe one-third of the 
true amount of revenue that will be generated. Now just think, that is 
between $1.5 and $2 trillion in new taxation. That is just one new 
taxation burden on the American people. And the President has already 
indicated that he may be using that money not to build new nuclear 
power plants, which would have zero emissions, but to redistribute the 
wealth, as he is wont to do, with paying for socialized medicine. So we 
are going to embrace a socialistic view of socialized medicine for the 
American people which will further be a burden on the American people.
  I just wanted to go back on your previous comments on China. There is 
an

[[Page 7640]]

article in today's Washington Times newspaper. Open up the inside of 
the paper. It said this regarding China, China made the comment that 
they will not be engaging in a cap-and-trade system. They won't be 
engaging in reducing their own emissions. Why? Because they said the 
United States are the consumers of products. Japan is the producers of 
products. They said, with a straight face, ``as the producers of 
products, we aren't the ones who are truly generating the emissions, it 
is the consumers.'' Now they are ignoring the fact that they probably 
have one of the largest pools of consumers in the world.
  They have no intention of paying this tax. And if you would give Al 
Gore and the people who are embracing the whole global warming 
narrative, if you would give them every aspect of what they believe, if 
you presume every premise they believe, and if the United States would 
implement all of their radical ideas, all of this cap and tax, let's 
say we did everything, gave it all to them, what would we produce in 
lowering emissions? By their own numbers, it shows that we would be 
reducing emissions by the year 2095--which is a long time from now--by 
less than 1 percent. That is a negligible amount. And we know that 
China is going to continue to grow as a manufacturer. India will 
continue to grow. Their emissions will overtake any savings the United 
States would possibly have.
  So we need to recognize the truth of what cap and tax is. Cap and 
tax, pure and simple, is a big government attempt to reach into 
Americans' pockets, pull more money out, bring it to Washington, DC, to 
empower the Federal Government so they can decide to do what they want 
to do with the American people's money.
  I would yield back.
  Mr. SHIMKUS. I appreciate that comment. That is really the irony of 
this whole debate. If all this money was going to go to mitigate carbon 
emissions or to help us adjust to this change, you may get some people, 
even though I still don't agree with it, who would say, okay, we know 
where it is going. But the fact that this money is going to go to grow 
government just shows you the problem they have with the real debate of 
what the real reason is that this cap-and-tax regime is being 
initiated.
  I'm happy to be joined by my colleague from Tennessee, Congresswoman 
Blackburn. Thanks for coming down.
  Mrs. BLACKBURN. It is so good to be with you. I thank the gentleman 
for his leadership on this issue. You have just been a stalwart on 
this.
  As we have looked at what it takes to address the energy needs of our 
Nation and how we should go about that, of course, we all know that one 
of the things we have to do is look at all of the above. And we began 
talking about this last year and spent some time talking about that we 
needed an all-of-the-above strategy to make certain that we addressed 
every component that was out there, every possibility that was going to 
be held. It is an honor to serve on the Energy and Commerce Committee 
with the gentleman from Illinois. It is also an honor to work with the 
Select Committee on Energy Independence. We know that this is a 
direction where we need to move towards energy independence. We know 
that we need to do this in a thoughtful way. We also know that we need 
to do this without raising taxes on the American people. Certainly that 
is possible.
  As the gentleman and my colleague from Minnesota were both saying, 
the taxes that are out there are of tremendous concern to us. I 
appreciate the poster that the gentleman has where it shows what it is 
going to cost every family for this cap-and-tax scheme that the 
Democrat leadership is wanting to put in place. The MIT researchers 
feel that this tax is going to end up being $3,100 per family. That is 
something that is going to far exceed even the $1,600 that we see 
there.
  It basically is a tax every time you turn on the light switch, every 
time you plug in the coffee pot and every time you turn on the 
computer. Every single time you go to use any energy source, you are 
going to be paying a tax. That means if you freeze your food, you're 
going to pay more. If you cook your food, you're going to pay more. 
Everything you use is going to end up costing you more, $3,128 per 
family per year. That is not my estimate. It is not Mr. Shimkus' 
estimate. That is the estimate from researchers at MIT as they look at 
this. And CBO, the Congressional Budget Office, also warns us of the 
burden that this is going to place on our middle income and our working 
families here in this country.
  Many of my constituents are saying, ``what in the world is a cap-and-
trade, or what is a cap-and-tax?'' And they are asking about how this 
would go about. And they can't believe that with the greenhouse gasses 
and the carbon emissions that you would have to go in and buy permits 
to use this. Indeed, our agricultural community is very concerned about 
this because what we are hearing from our friends across the aisle is 
that there would be a tax on every head of cattle. There would be a tax 
on every pig. What is that going to do? It is going to increase the 
cost of the food that you eat.
  We know that it doesn't stop there, and the taxing doesn't stop 
there. The gentleman has talked some about coal and clean coal 
technologies. He has talked about nuclear power and the importance of 
having that in our strategy of how we solve this problem. What is the 
best way to take action? Of course, we know that it is going to be more 
difficult for our electric power generators to generate the electricity 
that we are going to need. We know that for anyone that works or deals 
with hydrocarbons, it is going to drive their costs up. Certainly our 
trucking and logistics companies are going to see incredible increases 
in taxes. All of that doesn't get equated and rolled into the $3,128 
per family that this would cost. These are all additional costs that 
would be seen in the increased cost of commodities that everyone is 
going to have to pay.
  Now, one of the things that I have thought was, it's really quite 
curious, in all of this discussion, we all know that the best economic 
stimulus is a job. And you can't go anywhere right now without hearing 
about the economy. We all are worried about the recession and the 
length of the recession. We are worried about how we can energize this 
economy. We know the best economic stimulus is a job. And we know that 
the stimulus plans and the budget, all these ideas that have come from 
the Democrat side of the aisle, they tax too much, they borrow too 
much, and they spend too much. We all recognize this. But jobs growth 
is one of the things that we have focused on. Certainly with pushing 
the stimulus, we heard from the administration and the Democrat 
leadership, well, it was going to create 3 or 4 million new jobs. Well, 
as we have looked at this cap-and-tax proposal alone, just that portion 
of it, not looking at any other portion of it, we have seen that there 
are estimates that have come to us from CBO that the cap and tax could 
cost us as many as 3 or 4 million jobs. So putting this tax in place in 
the budget would negate all the jobs that they think they would create 
by going through the stimulus and the money that they have put out 
there in the form of spending.
  Also, I think that there has been much discussion about green jobs, 
and would this proposal create new green jobs? There is a good bit of 
study on this from Heritage Foundation and some others that say, no, 
such a proposal would actually reduce economic growth, reduce the gross 
domestic product and reduce employment opportunities. So for those of 
us who look at this as an issue of how we recover, what are the steps 
we take for this economy to recover, how do we reduce the tax burden, 
and then we look at the analysis not from you and me, but from outside 
entities, we see that this cap-and-tax scheme would be something that 
would be a jobs killer and a reduction in the gross domestic product of 
our Nation.
  And I yield back to the gentleman from Illinois.
  Mr. SHIMKUS. I wonder if my colleague would stay for a minute and

[[Page 7641]]

just go into a little dialogue as to in an economic decline, where we 
are fighting for every job, why would we put an additional burden on 
our manufacturing sector and the average American citizen in the aspect 
of raising taxes? Why? It just doesn't seem sensible when you need to 
get the jobs to get the economy moving again. What do you think is 
going on?

                              {time}  1845

  Mrs. BLACKBURN. Well, my constituents ask this regularly, and I have 
had an opportunity this week to meet with some of my constituents who 
are in the auto manufacturing industry and who work in logistics. Their 
question is always what in the world do people in Washington think they 
are doing? Are they that removed from what is happening in our 
communities? Do they not understand how jobs growth takes place?
  You've got to have some incentives there for jobs growth to take 
place. Certainly, it seems there is a disconnect here.
  My constituents know you cannot spend your way to recovery, and you 
cannot build recovery on a foundation of debt. They absolutely 
understand that. And they are very concerned that in the midst of this 
recession, which troubles us all, and as you look at the jobs loss that 
is taking place, the amount of jobs loss that has taken place the first 
quarter of this year, we know that to increase taxes, you can go back 
and look time and again at how things have taken place through our 
history. Certainly you can look at the late seventies. If you want a 
recent example, look at what transpired in 1977, 1978, 1979 and 1980, I 
was a young mom at that point in time, 13 percent mortgage on homes, 20 
percent inflation. Raising taxes in a recession does not work. We do 
know that lowering the rate of taxation and spurring economic growth is 
good for Main Street, it is good for the American people, and it is 
good for our GDP and for our government and our economy.
  Mr. SHIMKUS. I thank my colleague. I think the answer is they have 
got such a large majority on their side of the aisle that this is the 
time to pass it. It is a religion now. It doesn't have to be based on 
facts or the time that is at hand. We can impose an additional burden 
on business and manufacturing and electricity generation. We can impose 
an additional burden on the household, but that doesn't matter. But it 
is going to matter because even in the analysis of the Warner-Lieberman 
bill, we are talking about thousands of jobs. And that, by the Henry 
Waxman model, that is a moderate bill. An analysis was done on that 
bill, and it was summarily dismissed on the floor of the Senate. Why? 
Because it was a job killer, a job destroyer.
  So on this side we are rushing, like we are rushing all legislation, 
to move a cap-and-tax bill by Memorial Day which will be even more 
egregious than the Warner-Lieberman bill which projected thousands of 
jobs lost. It is a religion that has to have service now versus the 
needs of our citizens.
  You know, here is the tax increase. Here is the mine that was shut 
down. Here are the coal miners that lost their jobs. You were at the 
hearing. We had the Ohio Coal Association testify. When I talked about 
the environmental impact and the loss of these jobs, do you remember 
how many jobs Ohio lost? They lost 36,000 coal miner jobs in the State 
of Ohio. That is why some of my colleagues on the other side in the 
other body voted no.
  Fossil fuel, here are some basic facts. When we came on the floor 
during the energy debate, we said all of the above. In our Commerce 
hearing, there was a proposal given to one of the panelists, if we 
allowed the company to shut down the coal-fired power plant and they 
built a nuclear power plant, would they get some of these credits 
because they are going from emitting some to emitting none. The answer 
was no.
  We were looking around asking, Isn't that why you are proposing this? 
Don't you understand that we still need electricity, a 30 percent 
increase in the next 20 years. I have a teenage son. I have told the 
story numerous times. At home I go down to the basement, he is watching 
cable TV, he has his iPod in and he is surfing on the wireless 
Internet; three times the amount of electricity. That is what America 
is today.
  The demand is going up and we are going to stop the production of 
electricity, and then people talk about renewables. Let me quote the 
President, and I use this one quite a bit. This is from his inaugural 
address. ``We will harness the sun and the winds and the soil to fuel 
our cars and run our factories.'' No, we won't. There is no possible 
way.
  Mrs. BLACKBURN. If the gentleman would yield, I wish you would read 
that quote one more time because as we talk about renewables and the 
renewable standards that are being placed out there that would be so 
harmful to our electric power generators, I think this is very 
important.
  Mr. SHIMKUS. Before I read it again, the fact that in the renewable 
fuels debate, there is a debate upon calculation of the use of land 
which the EPA is going into. So if you are using bio-diesel, soy-
diesel, they want to say if you produce soybeans, that encourages the 
Brazilians to go into the rainforest and so we want to mitigate that 
loss of the ability to sequester carbon in the rain forest, so we are 
going to say no to renewable fuels.
  But here is from the inaugural address. ``We will harness the sun and 
the winds and the soil to fuel our cars and run our factories.'' Now I 
am a big renewable fuels guy. I like ethanol and I like bio-diesel. I 
think the thing that really stood out for me is ``run our factories.''
  The stats I use are this. I just ask for one steel mill. I take a 
steel mill that uses 545 million kilowatts a year. It would require 
roughly 138 wind turbines on roughly 12,443 acres of land for that 
total output. However, during peak load at the steel mill, it requires 
100,000 kilowatts. For that you would need roughly 825 turbines on 
33,000 acres of land to account for peak load. Now that is just one 
steel plant that may be close to me. Now add to that the second steel 
mill and add to that the refinery. What we are trying to do in this 
process is help educate the people. Right now 1.6 percent of our 
electricity is generated by renewables. So let's double it. That's a 
good goal. So 3.2 percent of the energy would then be by renewables. 
You are still going to have 50 percent coal, 20 percent nuclear, 20 
percent hydro. It is still going to be part of the electricity 
generation mix, and a critical part if we want low-cost energy.
  Mrs. BLACKBURN. If the gentleman will yield, I hope you will put 
those figures on the amount of space it would take for the wind 
turbines and other components to fuel one steel factory. I would 
imagine your research also shows that one steel factory probably has 
one power generation area, and it would be interesting to see the 
amount of acreage required for that. But I would encourage the 
gentleman to put this on his Website so that constituents of ours who 
are listening to this debate can pull those down because what we are 
hearing is as people have moved to growing corn and growing products to 
make renewable fuels and ethanol and the bio-diesels, but especially 
the ethanol, we are hearing of food shortages in some areas because 
corn is not being used for food. And certainly Haiti and some other 
countries that have food shortages, we have that documented evidence 
that shows that there is a need to move that production into the food 
arena and not necessarily into the ethanol area because of the food 
shortages that are existing in this world today. And certainly also 
because of the subsidies that are required to make ethanol affordable 
and to get the amount of energy that is used in producing a gallon of 
ethanol, to get that down.
  Certainly research and innovation will help us with the renewables, 
but we are not to the point where this can become the primary source of 
our electricity, or it is going to shut down our manufacturing, our 
productivity, the movement of our transportation fuels, the use of 
transportation fuels, the movement of products and commodities around 
our country, and the ability of people to be able to go from one area 
of the country to another in a reasonable amount of time.

[[Page 7642]]

  It is something that is of tremendous concern to us because as I said 
earlier, the best economic stimulus is a job. And all of the outside 
research and the data we have been able to compile shows that this is 
not going to create jobs, it is going to cost us, and there is going to 
be a negative impact on our GDP.
  I yield back to the gentleman.
  Mr. SHIMKUS. I thank my colleague from Tennessee for joining me. Many 
States have power companies. I am fortunate to have some that aren't 
for profit. They are rural electric coops, like the Illinois Municipal 
Electrical Association. So their ratepayers are their constituents, so 
the elected officials are running this electricity generating and 
operation and distribution system for the people who vote for them.
  They have made themselves pretty clear that this cap-and-tax regime 
will create a huge tax burden on the people who vote for them.
  I have some stats that were sent to me. The Illinois Municipal 
Electric Association revenue requirements, without allowances in 2015 
are approximately $320 million, or $60 per megawatt. The cost with 
allowances at $20 per ton is $510 million.
  This is additional cost incurred to the utility that has not been 
planned for. When you have an additional cost and you are providing a 
service or a good, business, whether it is profitable, for profit or 
not for profit, will cost will pass that cost on to the consumer. 
That's where we make this claim that a cap-and-tax regime will raise 
taxes on the individual and it will cost jobs.
  One of my colleagues talked about this article in the paper today, 
``China: Importers Need to Share Blame for Emissions,'' and it 
basically says that global warming would not require China to reduce 
emissions caused by goods manufactured there to meet demand elsewhere. 
The basic premise is that it is the people who are purchasing the goods 
who will pay for any burden increase.
  Another story, ``University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Study Could 
Realign Climate Change Theory,'' and I want to quote one paragraph.
  ```In climate, when this happens, the climate state changes. You go 
from a cooling regime to a warming regime or a warming regime to a 
cooling regime. This way we were able to explain all of the 
fluctuations in the global temperature trend in the past century,' 
Tsonis said. `The research team that sound the warming trend of the 
past 30 years has stopped and in fact global temperatures have leveled 
off since 2001.' The most recent climate shift probably occurred at 
about the year 2000.''
  That is why the climate-change activists and those who promote the 
carbon tax regime, that is why they are so befuddled and they want to 
move this quickly because what has happened to the temperatures over 
the last 7 years? Has it gone up? No, it hasn't. The average 
temperature has gone down, and since it has gone down, it has got them 
very frustrated on how they are going to sell this cap-and-tax regime 
to the public.

                              {time}  1900

  Madam Speaker, I would like to submit for the Record these two 
articles for submission with this Special Order.
  Madam Speaker, in the fall of last year, we really made a concerted 
effort to talk about the energy needs of this country, and we brought 
to the floor the basic debate that we wanted a more-of-the-above 
strategy. We wanted to incentivize coal, we wanted to incentivize 
nuclear power, we wanted to incentivize wind and solar, renewables, and 
we wanted them to compete for the public's demand based upon cost so 
that you would create jobs.
  I brought this chart to the floor numerous times over the last 
Congress to point out the fallacy of not having an all-of-the-above 
strategy. And why I bring this up now is that this cap-and-tax regime 
will not help this all-of-the-above strategy, will not broaden the 
portfolio of fuels that we are able to use and compete for. It will 
restrict them to a point where we are going to price ourselves out of 
the ability to use fuels.
  This chart is pretty clear; it just shows jobs being created in a--I 
wish it was a coal mine that is about 3,000 feet under the ground in 
southern Illinois, but it is an open mine probably in the Wyoming basin 
in Montana or Wyoming. And you see people working, recovering the coal. 
Recoverable coal.
  Then you take that mine and you move it to a coal-to-liquid refinery. 
The jobs to build this refinery would be good-paying, building trade 
jobs. We have an expansion of an oil refinery in my district. Right 
now, in this economic decline, 1,000 jobs are being created to expand 
this refinery. That's the type of jobs you could have by building a 
coal-to-liquid refinery.
  Then, wherever this refinery is located, you then develop a pipeline. 
I saw a natural gas pipeline being laid from my district last fall. It 
takes a lot of skilled labor, a lot of time, and a lot of patience to 
move a pipeline. And that is good-paying American jobs.
  Then, in this case, the coal-to-liquid debate is a national security 
issue. We have in the United States an Air Force base where coal-to-
liquid has been tested to be used in Air Force planes. This is what the 
Department of Defense wants for national security purposes to not be 
held captive to imported crude oil. This proposal, and proposals like 
this, are dead on arrival here in Washington. Why are they dead on 
arrival? They are dead on arrival because of this carbon tax provision, 
this carbon tax regime.
  Again, I want to be clear; if my colleagues on the other side want to 
be intellectually honest, let's just tax it, know how much we're going 
to receive, and watch the pure transparency of the money going from the 
payees to the government, who is going to pay up. It is not the best 
solution, but it is better than setting up a trading floor, like so 
many that have been demagogued on this floor, of the rich getting 
richer by working the trading floor markets--the Bear Stearns of the 
world, the Goldman Sachs of the world, the NYMEXs of the world. And 
hopefully this will not get passed and signed into law, but I know that 
if it will, my friends will be down here arguing and complaining about 
the people who are manipulating that market. And that manipulation is 
going to cause costs to increase. And there is going to be a lot of 
wealthy people making a lot of money on a carbon tax regime, and it is 
going to cost many thousands of people their jobs.
  In a slow economy, when you are trying to encourage job creation, job 
development, the best way to be competitive is to have low-cost energy. 
When only 1.6 percent of your electricity in this country is generated 
by renewables, you have to understand that you are not going to get to 
90 percent of your electricity being generated by renewables. If we are 
good, we may get to 3.2. If we are extremely good, we may get to five.
  So that begs the question of where the other electricity is being 
generated. If we want low-cost power, it has to be with the use of 
recoverable coal in our Midwest States and our northwestern mountainous 
States that have, arguably--this country has, arguably, 240 years of 
recoverable coal. That is coal that we can recover and use for 
practice. Now, we have a lot more, but that is the amount that we know 
that we can recover and still make money on it because their coal seams 
are big enough, you can engineer it and the like.
  Madam Speaker, I appreciate this opportunity. I have been talking 
about energy for many years now on the floor. In the Energy and 
Commerce Committee, we have had numerous hearings on climate change and 
how to address this.
  You will hear the terminology of cap-and-trade. Remember that the 
trading floor, which people will buy credits, those purchases of 
credits will raise the costs of people who use energy--whether they are 
truck drivers, whether they are people who manufacture goods and 
services and use a lot of electricity, you name it, you buy it, there 
is going to be an added cost to that good or that service based upon 
climate change. That money will then go to the table to be split up by 
legislation that we pass here.
  I would just hope that, first of all, we don't do that; but if we do, 
that that

[[Page 7643]]

money goes to mitigate the loss of jobs or the increased cost to the 
individual consumer, not to grow government, not to create new 
policies. That money has to go to transform this Nation. I fear it will 
not. I fear it will not do the job.
  My friend from Iowa is here. I only have a couple minutes. If he 
would like to join me, I would be happy to hear any comments he wants 
to add.
  Mr. KING of Iowa. I thank the gentleman from Illinois. I appreciate 
the recognition.
  I wanted to come down here and thank John Shimkus for leading on 
energy all summer long with an intense effort, and for standing up for 
the fuel that means so much to the parts of this country, this massive 
supply of coal that we have, as a big piece of the entire picture of 
energy that we need to do.
  What happens if they put this cap-and-tax on us? We are going to need 
more and more articulate voices to defend our values and to defend our 
economy. And the very idea that we can put a tax on energy is a tax on 
every consumer, it is a tax on our economy, it shrinks the American 
economy, and it lets the rest of the world out-compete us. And I just 
appreciate a minute to say so. I thank you. And congratulations to the 
gentleman from Illinois. I yield back.
  Mr. SHIMKUS. I thank my colleague. And I think even my colleagues on 
the other side will understand the kind of sincerity I bring to this 
debate. Because in 1992, I was at a rally to save these coal miner 
jobs. It was at the Christian County Fairgrounds. This mine was closed 
because of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. They shipped in 
western coal to meet the standards, and 1,200 miners lost their job.
  There was a rally that brought in a lot of politicians who said they 
were there to fight to save these jobs. One of them whom was there 
voted for the Clean Air Act that destroyed these jobs. I think that's a 
little hypocritical. If you pass legislation that is going to destroy 
these jobs, don't come crying and saying, shame on that company for 
closing that mine down.
  My job, through this whole cap-and-tax debate, is to make sure that, 
when all is said and done, this body, my constituents, will know that I 
did everything possible to save the remaining coal mining jobs in 
southern Illinois and I did everything possible to make sure that coal-
fired electricity generation is still part of our portfolio because it 
is a low-cost fuel, and it will help us in our competitive nature in 
this country.
  And so I want to walk away from this debate--hopefully I'll win, but 
I want to walk away from this debate saying, it is for these folks that 
I came down to fight. I know my colleagues on the other side, those who 
even disagree with the basic premise I think will appreciate the 
emotion and the fervor that I am going to bring to this.

              [From the Indianapolis Star, Mar. 16, 2009]

           China: Importers Need To Share Blame for Emissions

                          (By Dina Cappiello)

       Washington (AP).-- Countries buying Chinese goods should be 
     held responsible for the heat-trapping gases released during 
     manufacturing in China, one of its top officials said Monday.
       The argument could place an even greater burden on the U.S. 
     for reducing pollution blamed for global warming.
       Li Gao, China's chief climate negotiator, said that any 
     fair international agreement to curb the gases blamed for 
     global warming would not require China to reduce emissions 
     caused by goods manufactured there to meet demand elsewhere.
       China has surpassed the U.S. as the world's largest emitter 
     of greenhouse gases. But 15 to 25 percent of its emissions 
     are generated by manufacturing goods for export, Li said.
       ``As one of the developing countries, we are at the low end 
     of the production line for the global economy. We produce 
     products and these products are consumed by other countries. 
     . . . This share of emissions should be taken by the 
     consumers, but not the producers,'' Li said during a briefing 
     at the Capitol's visitor center.
       Li directs the climate changes department at the National 
     Development and Reform Commission and was in Washington, 
     along with negotiators from other countries, to meet with 
     Obama administration officials. President Barack Obama has 
     indicated a willingness to enter into a global agreement to 
     reduce greenhouse gases.
       But China's stance could be one of the stumbling blocks 
     facing the U.S., China's largest trading partner, when 
     negotiations to broker a new international treaty begin in 
     Copenhagen in December. Li said China was not alone in 
     thinking that emissions generated by the production of 
     exports should be dealt with by importing countries.
       Li also criticized proposals by the U.S. to place carbon 
     tariffs on goods imported from countries that do not limit 
     the gases blamed for global warming. Lawmakers on Capitol 
     Hill are considering it as they draft legislation to control 
     global warming pollution to ensure that U.S. goods can 
     compete with cheaper imports from countries without 
     regulation.
       ``If developed countries set a barrier in the name of 
     climate change for trade, I think it is a disaster,'' Li 
     said.
       Neither China nor the U.S. ratified the last agreement, the 
     Kyoto Protocol, which expires in 2012.
       China has long insisted that developed nations bear the 
     main responsibility for cutting emissions. As president, 
     George W. Bush refused to sign the Kyoto Protocol because he 
     said developing nations like India and China should not be 
     exempt.
       Negotiators from other governments at the Monday briefing, 
     including the European Union and Japan, said that they would 
     not support China's proposal to unload a portion of its 
     greenhouse gas emissions on importers.
       ``I think the issue here is we take full responsibility and 
     we . . . regulate all the emissions that come from our 
     territory,'' said Artur Runge-Metzger, who heads the climate 
     change strategy and international negotiations unit at the 
     European Commission. Runge-Metzger said that if China's 
     approach were adopted, it would require allowing other 
     countries to have jurisdiction and legislative powers to 
     control emissions outside their borders.
       Li was joined by Vice Chairman Xie Zhenhua of the National 
     Development and Reform Commission in his visit to Washington.
       Xie met with U.S. climate envoy Todd Stern at the State 
     Department on Monday. The talks in Copenhagen were among the 
     topics discussed, said State Department spokesman Robert 
     Wood.
       ``There's a willingness, particularly on the Chinese side, 
     to really engage on the subject of climate change, and we 
     welcome that,'' Wood said.
                                  ____


  UW--Milwaukee Study Could Realign Climate Change Theory--Scientists 
            Claim Earth Is Undergoing Natural Climate Shift

       Milwaukee.--The bitter cold and record snowfalls from two 
     wicked winters are causing people to ask if the global 
     climate is truly changing.
       The climate is known to be variable and, in recent years, 
     more scientific thought and research has been focused on the 
     global temperature and how humanity might be influencing it.
       However, a new study by the University of Wisconsin-
     Milwaukee could turn the climate change world upside down.
       Scientists at the university used a math application known 
     as synchronized chaos and applied it to climate data taken 
     over the past 100 years.
       ``Imagine that you have four synchronized swimmers and they 
     are not holding hands and they do their program and 
     everything is fine; now, if they begin to hold hands and hold 
     hands tightly, most likely a slight error will destroy the 
     synchronization. Well, we applied the same analogy to 
     climate,'' researcher Dr. Anastasios Tsonis said.
       Scientists said that the air and ocean systems of the earth 
     are now showing signs of synchronizing with each other.
       Eventually, the systems begin to couple and the synchronous 
     state is destroyed, leading to a climate shift.
       ``In climate, when this happens, the climate state changes. 
     You go from a cooling regime to a warming regime or a warming 
     regime to a cooling regime. This way we were able to explain 
     all the fluctuations in the global temperature trend in the 
     past century,'' Tsonis said. ``The research team has found 
     the warming trend of the past 30 years has stopped and in 
     fact global temperatures have leveled off since 2001.''
       The most recent climate shift probably occurred at about 
     the year 2000.
       Now the question is how has warming slowed and how much 
     influence does human activity have?
       ``But if we don't understand what is natural, I don't think 
     we can say much about what the humans are doing. So our 
     interest is to understand--first the natural variability of 
     climate--and then take it from there. So we were very excited 
     when we realized a lot of changes in the past century from 
     warmer to cooler and then back to warmer were all natural,'' 
     Tsonis said.
       Tsonis said he thinks the current trend of steady or even 
     cooling earth temps may last a couple of decades or until the 
     next climate shift occurs.

[[Page 7644]]



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