[Congressional Record (Bound Edition), Volume 155 (2009), Part 1]
[House]
[Pages 881-884]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]




                    LAST STAND FOR RAMOS AND COMPEAN

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under the Speaker's announced policy of 
January 6, 2009, the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Poe) is recognized for 
60 minutes as the designee of the minority leader.
  Mr. POE of Texas. Madam Speaker, in the dusty, arid plains of West 
Texas, where the tumbleweeds blow across the prairies, there's a small 
town called Fabens. Fabens, Texas, a population of about 8,000, mostly 
lower-income individuals, but they're doing what they can to eke out an 
income out of the land that they work.
  On February 17, 2005, almost 4 years ago, these events took place. A 
drug dealer by the name of Aldrete Davila came across from Mexico, 
which is six miles from Fabens, Texas, right here on the map. He's 
driving a van. He has about $750,000 worth of narcotics in that van. 
And of course, he's smuggling drugs into America; something that occurs 
along the entire Texas/Mexico border.
  He's confronted by one of our first responders, Border Security Agent 
Jose Compean. Border Agent Jose Compean does his job, and he gives 
chase to this drug smuggler in the van. Aldrete, the smuggler, turns 
his van around, tries to head back to Mexico with his cancer that he's 
going to try to sell in the United States. He abandons his vehicle. He 
gets down in the river bed between Mexico and Texas in the Rio Grande 
Valley, and he has a fight with Jose Compean.
  Another border agent by the name of Ignacio Ramos shows up and meets 
the call for help to stop this drug trafficker into the United States. 
Meanwhile, a fight ensues between the drug dealer and Border Agent 
Compean, and Compean is left in the river bed, bleeding, while the drug 
dealer runs back to Mexico.
  Ignacio Ramos, border agent, sees what's taking place. He sees the 
drug dealer, in his opinion, with a weapon, keeps turning back like 
this, and he fires his weapon.

                              {time}  1515

  And the drug dealer disappears.
  Unbeknownst to all of us, there was another vehicle on the other side 
of the border, waiting to pick him up and take him back to wherever he 
came from.
  Jose Compean and Ignacio Ramos, border agents, at the time they pick 
up the shells that are fired, they don't immediately report the events, 
and nothing occurs until the following takes place:
  The drug dealer goes back to Mexico. It turns out that he was 
wounded. He was shot in the buttocks. Without being too graphic, the 
bullet went in one cheek and came out the other cheek as if he were 
pointing his weapon when he got shot.
  But be that as it may, in some way, the U.S. Government gets 
involved. It goes to Mexico. It finds the drug dealer and says, ``Looky 
here. Have we got a deal for you. All you've got to do is come back to 
America and testify against those two border agents for a civil rights 
violation,'' or whatever we charged them with, ``and we will treat you 
for your wounds, and we will give you a pass to go back and forth 
across the border, and we will not prosecute you for bringing drugs 
into the United States.''
  So, months later, that immunity deal is struck, and the border 
trespasser--smuggler--gets a deal, a backroom deal, a deal to testify. 
In my experience as a former judge and prosecutor, unfortunately, when 
you make a deal with a criminal, you usually get the testimony you 
want.
  What happened was they were waiting to bring these two border agents 
to trial on numerous charges, but remember, all they did was fail to 
report the fact that they fired their weapons. Normally, under Border 
Patrol policy, that is an administrative punishment. You get days off--
5 days from what I understand. They could have been fired for that, but 
they were not. They were prosecuted in Federal court for numerous 
violations, mainly for shooting the drug smuggler. Of course, they both 
never knew they shot the drug smuggler until they were told by our 
government.
  In any event, unbeknownst to us, the trial gets postponed. We don't 
know why the trial is postponed. It's not tried right away, but it gets 
postponed. The reason it got postponed, which we all learned much, much 
later, was that, while the drug smuggler was out on his get-out-of-
jail-free card, thanks to our government, he was still smuggling drugs 
into the United States.
  In October of 2005, lo and behold, Aldrete brings another load of 
narcotics into the United States. At first, our government denied that 
they knew anything about that, but I ended up receiving a copy of the 
DEA report, which showed specifically that Aldrete was bringing in 
drugs while he was out on this get-out-of-jail-free card.
  So the trial takes place after it is postponed. In March of 2006, 
these two border agents are tried. They are convicted. The jury never 
knows that the star witness--the government's bought-and-paid-for 
witness--brought in another load of drugs. The U.S. Attorney's Office 
convinced that judge from keeping that testimony from the jury.
  Now, the main witness the government had against the two Border 
Patrol Agents was this witness, the drug smuggler who was given a deal 
to testify.
  Now I ask you, Madam Speaker: If you were on a jury and you had to 
decide if a person was telling the truth, wouldn't you want to know 
that, while they were waiting to testify after they were given 
immunity, they were still bringing drugs into the United States? 
Wouldn't you want to know that to judge whether or not this witness is 
telling you the truth or not?
  I think, probably, you would want to know that, and I think that's 
probably the reason the government kept that testimony from the jury, 
because they didn't want the jury to know the truth about their 
witness.
  In any event, the witness testifies. The border agents are convicted; 
they are found guilty, and are sent to the Federal penitentiary for 11 
and 12 years. Under Federal law, they will serve most of that time.
  This case sort of disappeared from the radar until people started 
talking. The news media even brought this case up. A reporter by the 
name of Sara Carter has been following this case since the trial. 
Thanks to her and to other people in our national media, this is still 
being discussed by not only Members of Congress but by the public 
throughout the country.
  Since I, really, have almost no life, I read the 3,000-page 
transcript of the trial, so I know what the jury heard. I read it. In 
September of 2006, long after the trial and the transcript was 
prepared, Members of Congress started asking questions about: Well, was 
this really the right thing to do, to prosecute the border agents? 
Maybe we were on the wrong side of the border war. Maybe we ought to 
have been prosecuting the smuggler, the drug dealer. Maybe we ought to 
have been doing that. So questions were being asked.
  Several of us met with the Department of Homeland Security's 
inspector general's office to try to find out exactly what happened 
down there in Fabens, Texas in February of 2005. The transcript hadn't 
been produced yet, so we couldn't read it. So we met with these 
individuals, and they told us the following:
  Well, these Border Patrol Agents are rogue cops. They're just bad 
guys, and they knew that the suspect was unarmed when they shot him. 
They went out that day, intending to shoot illegal aliens coming into 
the United States, and they didn't believe that this drug dealer was a 
threat to them when they fired.
  Now, that's a different kind of story than what I've just told you. 
So we took them at their word because you know you're not supposed to 
lie to Members of Congress. It's kind of against the law in the United 
States.
  After we got the transcript, after we did more investigation, we 
learned that Ramos and Compean, the border agents, did believe the drug 
smuggler was a threat. They did believe that he had a weapon, and they 
never said they went out that morning with the intent

[[Page 882]]

to shoot some illegal coming into the United States.
  Now, as a side note--a little rabbit trail here--that occurred in 
September of 2006. I and several others have asked our government to 
investigate those government officials who came to the Members of 
Congress and misled us. Of course, nothing has happened to those 
individuals. They just sort of went away, you know.
  But back to the case. Now that we had the transcript, now that we'd 
read the transcript of the trial and we'd found out exactly what had 
happened, many of us in Congress had felt that what had occurred in 
this trial wasn't the appropriate thing to do and that the way the two 
border agents were treated wasn't really the most appropriate way to be 
treated.
  So, in October of 2006, Ramos and Compean were sentenced to 11 and 12 
years in the Federal penitentiary. While in prison, Border Agent Ramos 
was assaulted. Both of these agents have spent much of their 2 years 
now--2 years--in solitary confinement. Solitary confinement in our 
Federal penitentiaries is reserved for the meanest criminals we have in 
our culture, in our society. Yet border agents go into solitary 
confinement for allegedly their own protection. Yeah, right.
  Anyway, they're serving their time, but this case does not go away. 
In July of 2007, because so many of us on both sides of the aisle were 
concerned about justice, I introduced legislation, saying exactly that 
no Federal funds will be used to incarcerate Ramos and Compean. In 
other words, the Federal penitentiary cannot use taxpayer money to 
incarcerate these border agents. That legislation passed this House 
unanimously in 2007 by voice vote. There was not one dissenter on 
either side of the aisle because Congress, the House portion of 
Congress, said it's just not right. They shouldn't be incarcerated.
  As all of you know, what we do when we pass legislation is we send it 
down to the Senate. That bill, like many other bills, never got voted 
on by the Senate, so both of the individuals stayed in prison.
  Before they ever got to trial, Ramos and Compean were offered a deal 
by our government. It's not unusual in criminal cases. They were told, 
if you plead guilty to these violations, we'll get you 1 year in the 
Federal penitentiary for what you did out there in Fabens, Texas. Now, 
if you don't plead guilty, well, we're going to go to trial, and we're 
going to try to get you more time in the penitentiary.
  So the Federal Government initially thought that the case was worth 1 
year in the Federal penitentiary, but because Ramos and Compean, 
citizens of the United States, exercised their right under the 
Constitution to have a jury trial, they were punished for the right to 
be tried before a jury. The Federal judge then gave them 11 and 12 
years after the jury convicted them.
  I don't think that people charged with crimes should be punished for 
exercising their right, their constitutional right, to ask for a jury 
trial. In any event, the case continues to this day.
  What has the effect of it been on our Border Patrol Agents? Well, let 
me tell you. I'll give you an example.
  Luis Aguilar, a Border Patrol Agent assigned to the Tucson office, 
was in California recently on border patrol, trying to catch the bad 
guys. Two vehicles, a Humvee and a pickup truck, come across the 
Mexican border into the United States. He and other Border Patrol 
Agents give chase to this Humvee and to this pickup truck. The Humvee 
and pickup truck see the good guys, and like they normally do, they try 
to run from the good guys. They turn their vehicles around and head to 
Mexico.
  Luis Aguilar from Tucson, Arizona, Border Patrol Agent, what he did 
was get in front of those vehicles at some distance and throw out these 
spikes--where if a car or a vehicle runs over the spikes, they blow out 
the tires--to stop the bad guys from going back to where they came 
from. Rather than go over the spikes, the guy in the Humvee jumps off 
the road and runs over and kills Luis Aguilar, Border Patrol Agent. 
Then he flees off, back into Mexico, along with the pickup truck. Where 
he is today, that individual, we know not.
  Now, you know, the Border Patrol Agents are nervous about using their 
weapons. The reason they're nervous about using their weapons to 
protect the dignity of our country and to capture the bad guys who come 
into the United States is due to cases like Ramos' and Compean's. When 
these Border Patrol Agents fired their weapons, they were prosecuted 
instead of the drug smuggler. So that makes Border Patrol Agents 
hesitate.
  I've heard that the Border Patrol policy is they can't fire their 
weapons unless fired upon. Now, anybody who has ever been in law 
enforcement, anybody who has ever been in the military knows that's a 
bad idea. I can't fire to defend myself unless somebody shoots at me? I 
can't stop someone who is pulling out a gun? Apparently not. Luis 
Aguilar is just one example.
  I've talked to Border Patrol Agents all the way from Brownsville, 
Texas, to San Diego, California, and they tell me, ``Hey, when we're in 
that situation, we really don't want to fire our guns even though we 
can, even though it is the right thing to do, because our government 
doesn't back us; they back the other side.''
  Sheriffs along this entire area here that I have mentioned--from 
Brownsville to San Diego--the Border Patrol Sheriff's Association, are 
of all races, and they're of both political parties, but to a sheriff, 
they are concerned about border security, and they tell me the same 
thing: ``We are hesitant to use our weapons in these cases even though, 
under State law or even Federal law, we're permitted to do it, because 
our government is not going to stand beside us. They're going to stand 
beside the drug dealer.'' So that's the chilling effect.
  But whatever happened to Aldrete, the drug smuggler? Remember, he got 
that second case, that second case when he brought drugs into the 
United States while he was waiting to testify. It's the one that the 
Federal Government denied, really, ever occurred until they finally had 
to admit it because we saw the evidence of the DEA report.
  Well, he ended up getting prosecuted for that. The U.S. Attorney's 
Office finally prosecuted him but not after the taxpayers of the United 
States treated his wounds in El Paso, Texas, not after he filed a $5 
million civil rights suit against the United States Government. He 
brings drugs in. He finally gets prosecuted. Now he is in a Federal 
penitentiary, ironically, doing less time than the Border Patrol 
Agents.

                              {time}  1530

  Who are these two individuals we're talking about? Well, these 
individuals are Compean and Ramos. These photographs were taken the day 
that they were hauled off to the Federal penitentiary. Those are the 
last photographs that I know of that were taken in public because 
they're still in the penitentiary at this time.
  Now, we've heard a lot about this case. A lot of Members of Congress 
have got involved, the American public has gotten involved. Over 
400,000 Americans have sent petitions to the White House asking for 
relief; 70,000 of those petitions are from the State of Texas where 
citizens are getting involved in what they believe is the unjust 
incarceration. And this has continued.
  When I go back to Texas, which I do every weekend, I still have 
people, regular folks, ``What's happened to those two Border Agents 
Ramos and Compean?'' And I'm surprised to some extent because the 
American attention span is about ``that'' long. You know, we hear 
something in the news and we move on, something else happens the next 
day. But this has been going on now for over 2\1/2\ years. And yet the 
American public is still very concerned. They still tell us about it.
  I don't know why these two Border Patrol agents were relentlessly 
prosecuted, but they were. I don't know why they made a backroom deal 
with the drug smuggler Aldrete, but it did happen.
  This is not a pleasant place to be on the southern border with our 
neighbors

[[Page 883]]

in Mexico. It is a violent place. It's violent because of the drug 
smugglers coming into the United States. We hear about all of the 
murders on both sides of the border because of the drug cartels, you 
know, people like Davila who brings in drugs into the United States. He 
and his comrades are the reason there is so much violence on this 
entire border.
  Good people on both sides of the border live in fear every day 
because of the drug cartels and the problem that occurs there.
  I was down recently on the Texas-Mexico border, and I was asking a 
Texas Ranger--I won't mention his name--I was asking a Texas Ranger, I 
said, ``What's it like down here on the Texas-Mexico border at night?''
  And he said, ``Congressman Poe, it gets western. It gets western down 
here.''
  Now, what he was saying was people start shooting. They start 
shooting at us on this side of the border. We know of incursions from 
the Mexican military that have come into the United States, supposedly 
rogue Mexican military helping the drug cartels move drugs into the 
United States. It's violent on the Texas-Mexico border, along the 
entire southern border, because of the drug cartels.
  So what we have done, as a culture--since we have a great appetite 
for, unfortunately, drugs in this country--we've sent some good people 
down there to protect us, the Border Patrol agents, and, of course, the 
local sheriffs. And they're doing what they can to protect us. And yet 
when they get in a fix, our government sides with the bad guys.
  So chilling effect on our border agents and our border protectors? 
You betcha. You betcha. Because those individuals who protect us are 
concerned about what happens to them if they, in a split-second 
decision, have to make a choice of what to do to protect us. And if 
they make the wrong choice--or at least the wrong choice in the eyes of 
our government--they're going to get prosecuted. That's very 
unfortunate.
  Don't get me wrong, Madam Speaker. I have no sympathy for criminals. 
I've always been in law enforcement. I spent 8 years prosecuting 
criminals in Houston, Texas, and then I was on the bench for 22 years 
prosecuting outlaws. And I tried a lot of cases. I heard about 25,000 
criminal cases during that time. And I tried people who shot police 
officers, and I tried police officers that unjustly shot citizens. So I 
have no stake in this except justice ought to occur in this case. I 
have no sympathy for criminals, police officers or otherwise.
  But in this case of Ramos and Compean, we've asked for a pardon. The 
President of the United States of America has the absolute right under 
our Constitution to pardon any individual. I carry this little pocket 
Constitution around with me, as most Members of Congress do, and read 
it from time to time. But there's a section here that I would like to 
put in the record: Article 2, section 2 of the U.S. Constitution 
talking about the power of the Presidents of the United States.
  ``He shall have the power to grant reprieves and pardons for offenses 
against the United States.''
  Now, you notice he doesn't have to get permission from some 
committee; he doesn't have to get approval from the Justice Department. 
Now, he certainly can get recommendations from anyone he chooses. He 
can have a committee make recommendations. But the Constitution doesn't 
give him that obligation. He can pardon anybody, and he doesn't ever 
have to tell the reason.
  Our President has not chosen to pardon these two individuals. I've 
known the President a good number of years. I respect him greatly. On 
this particular issue, I hope and would wish that he would exercise the 
power that he has under the Constitution. His reasons for not doing so 
are his own, and I respect that as well.
  So now we're asking that the President, before he leaves office in 
the next 5 days, commute the sentences of these two Border Patrol 
agents.
  Assume the facts, as presented by the government, are true because 
the case has gone through the appellate process and has been ruled on 
by other judges. Assume everything is true. They've served over 2 years 
in the Federal penitentiary, both of these individuals. I've talked to 
their wives, their kids, and it is time for these two Border Patrol 
agents to go home.
  So we're asking the President to reprieve the individuals, which, 
under our terminology, is to commute the sentences. Commute them for 
the time served and let them out of the Federal penitentiary and maybe 
we can get a photograph of them leaving instead of going into the 
penitentiary.
  And that's what we're asking the President, in all due respect, to 
do.
  And I would say this: I have been very outspoken on this issue. 
Members of Congress on both sides have been very outspoken on this 
issue. And I would hope that the President, if he's irritated at me or 
other Members of Congress who have been outspoken on this, that in all 
due respect he not take it out on them. Because we're the only voice 
these two individuals have: Members of Congress.
  So be mad at me, be irritated at me, but don't be taking it out on 
these two individuals. Commute these two sentences.
  Apparently I'm going to be the last Member of Congress that will 
speak on this House floor officially before President Bush leaves 
office next Tuesday. As I am speaking before this body, another member 
of the Texas delegation, John Culberson, is walking down Pennsylvania 
Avenue in this 28-degree weather and he's carrying a letter, one of 
similar letters that have been sent to the President by Members of 
Congress asking for a pardon or a commutation.
  This letter that will be hand delivered to the White House this 
afternoon by the time I finish speaking is signed by 30 members of the 
Texas delegation. And in the Texas delegation, as most people know, we 
cover all the political bases from the far right to the far left. But 
yet 30 of us, of the 32, have agreed these individuals need to be 
having their sentence commuted.
  Also signing this letter are the two U.S. Senators from the State of 
Texas asking that the President, in his compassion, commute the 
sentences of Ramos and Compean.
  You know, as I mentioned, I have the utmost respect for President 
Bush when he was a governor and his 8 years in office. But I hope he 
would give this case some extra thought and exercise his constitutional 
right. And why do I ask him to do that? Because it seems like it's the 
right thing to do. It seems like justice. And you know, justice is what 
we do in this country.
  After we cut through all of the smoke, at the end of the day we want 
justice to prevail in every situation because justice is the one thing 
we should always find in this country. Justice was allowed to be in the 
Constitution under the Pardon Clause giving the power to the President 
to make that decision, the clause to commute the sentence giving the 
power to the President because sometimes the President just needs to 
intervene to make sure justice, at the end of the day, is what we find.
  I hope the President considers this commutation, considers what 
Members of Congress and the thousands of Americans who have asked that 
this case be resolved in a way that these two individuals can be 
released and go back home to their families in a just way.
  And that's just the way it is.

                                Congress of the United States,

                                 Washington, DC, January 15, 2009.
     Hon. George W. Bush,
     The White House,
     Washington, D.C.
       Dear President Bush: As Members of the Texas Congressional 
     Delegation, we are writing to ask for your personal 
     intervention to commute the sentences of United States Border 
     Patrol Agents Ignacio Ramos and Jose Compean.
       As you are aware, these two agents were prosecuted and 
     convicted for shooting an illegal immigrant drug smuggler in 
     Texas near the border with Mexico and were each sentenced to 
     over 10 years in prison. Ramos and Compean have been 
     incarcerated since January 2007 and in that time, Ramos has 
     been assaulted in prison and both men have been placed in 
     solitary confinement because of the danger they face as a 
     result of their law enforcement backgrounds.
       Many of us have written to you over the past few years with 
     concerns about this case,

[[Page 884]]

     and as your administration comes to an end, we respectfully 
     request that you use the exclusive authority given to you 
     under Article II, Section 2 of the Constitution. We appeal to 
     your good reason and sound judgment as fellow Texans and ask 
     that you correct this injustice by commuting the sentences of 
     U.S. Border Patrol agents Ignacio Ramos and Jose Compean.
           Sincerely,
         John Culberson, John Cornyn, Kay Bailey Hutchison, 
           Michael McCaul, Kenny Marchant, Kevin Brady, Pete 
           Olson, Pete Sessions, Ralph Hall, John Carter, Bill 
           Archer, and Kay Granger.
         Ted Poe, Louie Gohmert, Gene Green, Lamar Smith, Sam 
           Johnson, Henry Bonicca, Mac Thornberry, Michael 
           Burgess, Michael Conaway, Randy Neugebauer, and Jeb 
           Hensarling.
         Eddie Bernice Johnson, Chet Edwards, Solomon Ortiz, Sam 
           Johnson, Joe Barton, Henry Cuellar, Ruben Hinojosa, 
           Sheila Jackson-Lee, Ciro Rodriguez, and Al Green.

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