[Congressional Record (Bound Edition), Volume 153 (2007), Part 19]
[Extensions of Remarks]
[Pages 26854-26855]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]




                   ETHIOPIA HUMAN RIGHTS ACT OF 2007

                                 ______
                                 

                       HON. CHRISTOPHER H. SMITH

                             of new jersey

                    in the house of representatives

                        Friday, October 5, 2007

  Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Madam Speaker, in the Ogaden region, the 
Ethiopian Government is fighting an insurgency but has carried the war 
to the innocent population. The Ethiopian Government has put the region 
under effective commercial blockade, prevented humanitarian assistance 
from reaching the suffering population, and expelled humanitarian NGOs. 
We have reports that troops have also raped women, burned villages, and 
confiscated livestock on a large scale.
  In Somalia we have reports that the Ethiopian army has raped and 
pillaged. Of course brutality is not limited to the Ethiopian army. It 
is rampant in the Ogaden and Somalia, where insurgents, warring clans, 
and terrorists all intentionally inflict misery on the land. The U.N. 
High Commissioner for Refugees has reported that nearly 500,000 people, 
almost one third of Mogadishu's population, have fled in recent months 
as conditions in the city have deteriorated.
  But the United States Government is the staunchest international 
supporter of the Ethiopian Government of Prime Minister Meles. Our 
government supplies Meles with over $100 million in aid every year, 
much of it military. We cannot do this and pretend that we don't share 
responsibility for the human rights abuses perpetrated by the Meles 
regime. We cannot do this and criticize China for supporting the 
barbarous Sudanese regime of Omar al-Bashir.
  We all know that the Ogaden region of Ethiopia and in Somalia is 
extremely complicated. Yet the moral imperative is not complicated. A 
good end cannot be justified by a bad means.
  While we want to deny jihadist terrorists any ``platform'' in the 
Horn of Africa, we must not protect ourselves--and our Allies--from 
terrorists by enabling the Ethiopian government to visit terror on the 
Ogaden region or Somalia. We can only work with the Meles government if 
we do everything possible to change its behavior.
  This means we have to be willing to do more than ``dialogue'' with 
President Meles. We have to be willing to withdraw aid if his 
government does not dramatically improve its human rights record.
  That is why I supported the Ethiopia Human Rights Act, H.R. 2003, 
which passed the House on October 2, 2007. This bill will withdraw 
certain forms of aid to the Ethiopian Government, including forms of 
military aid, if it does not meet certain human rights benchmarks, 
spelled out in the legislation.
  The reports from the Ogaden and Somalia are the latest in a long 
series of human rights outrages. In August 2005 I visited Ethiopia and 
met with some of those opposition figures imprisoned by Prime Minister 
Meles, including Hailu Shawel, the Chairman of the Coalition for Unity 
and Democracy, the largest democratic opposition party.
  I also met with Meles. I brought up the June 2005 slaughter of almost 
200 prodemocracy demonstrators in Addis, and the mass arrests that 
followed. I urged him to investigate that atrocity, to punish those 
responsible, and to release political prisoners. Meles told me, ``I 
have a file on all of them, they are all guilty of treason.''
  We should all be skeptical of the value of dialogue on human rights 
reform with a man who would make a comment like that.
  I believe that our government has not pushed Prime Minister Meles 
hard enough on human rights issues because it is satisfied that his 
government is cooperating with us in the war on terror. The war on 
terror is very, very important; but no regime that terrorizes people 
can be a reliable ally in the war on terror. Terrorism isn't just a 
military issue, it's also a human rights issue. Terrorists come from 
countries where governments failed to respect their human rights. In 
promoting human rights in Ethiopia, we are attacking terrorism at its 
roots.
  America's commitment to promote respect for human rights around the 
world demands

[[Page 26855]]

that we prevail upon Prime Minister Meles to respect human rights. I 
call upon our government to withdraw forms of aid and support to the 
Meles government to release its remaining political prisoners, to spare 
civilians in its counterinsurgency operations, and to permit 
humanitarian aid in the Ogaden.