[Congressional Record (Bound Edition), Volume 153 (2007), Part 11]
[House]
[Pages 15310-15317]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]




                           U.S. TRADE POLICY

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under the Speaker's announced policy of 
January 18, 2007, the gentleman from Maine (Mr. Michaud) is recognized 
for 60 minutes as the designee of the majority leader.
  Mr. MICHAUD. Madam Speaker, it's a great pleasure that we are talking 
this evening about an issue very important to a lot of us in this 
Congress, and a lot of folks throughout the United States of America, 
and that issue is trade.
  I would like to yield to a colleague of mine. We came in this 
Congress together, and she has been very active in the trade deal and 
has established with me the trade working group in this Congress, 
Congresswoman Linda T. Sanchez of California.
  Ms. LINDA T. SANCHEZ of California. Madam Speaker, I am pleased to 
join my colleagues in addressing the House and the American people 
regarding U.S. trade policy and its effect on working families.
  Let me start by saying, first of all, that I am committed to trade. 
That's right, I think that trade is good for America and its working 
families. If we do it the right way, trade can increase the 
availability of raw materials for production. Trade can also open 
markets for American goods and can bring exciting new products to 
American consumers. While I recognize the benefits of trade, not all 
trade agreements are created equal.
  On May 10, the administration and Members of this House announced a 
``new policy on trade.'' Well, it's about time. Democrats have been 
calling for a new direction in trade for years, and I am pleased that 
the administration has finally taken initial steps to improve its trade 
policy.
  But, alas, it is too little, too late. This new trade policy is 
little more than a rehash of the same failed NAFTA model that has been 
hurting U.S. families for more than a decade. According to the 
administration, the new additions to the Peru and Panama agreements 
would add long-sought labor and environmental protections to the basic 
NAFTA framework.

[[Page 15311]]

  Unfortunately, even the U.S. Chamber of Commerce says that these new 
worker and environmental protections can't be enforced. That's not very 
encouraging, is it? Supporting this new deal requires us to believe in 
two things: number one, the actual benefits of the NAFTA free trade 
model; and, number 2, the promises of the Bush administration.
  We are supposed to trust an administration that has demonstrated its 
commitment to anything but the truth. Having misled us on issues like 
domestic wire-tapping programs, the war in Iraq, global warming, and 
the firing of U.S. attorneys, it now seeks our trust. How are we 
supposed to trust a record like that?
  We have also learned some very hard lessons after more than 10 years 
of free trade failures. As we hear more familiar promise about the new 
trade deal, let's look at some of the old ones. NAFTA was supposed to 
solve illegal integration by developing a robust economy in Mexico that 
would allow hard-working people to provide for their families and stay 
at home. Well, that didn't work.
  CAFTA was supposed to include bold new safety and wage protections 
for workers, but these protections are disappointingly weak, allowing 
countries to downgrade their very own labor laws.
  In the Oman Free Trade Agreement, the administration actually 
negotiated a deal with a opportunity that, as our own State Department 
reported, was experiencing a forced labor problem--forced labor. How 
are our workers supposed to compete with people who are forced to toil?
  Free trade was supposed to increase economic opportunity for 
everybody, for big businesses, as well as working families at home and 
abroad. But it simply hasn't happened.
  Too many communities have been left to rot because corporations shut 
down U.S. plants to chase increasingly cheap labor and weak 
environmental protections abroad. After decades of living with NAFTA 
and its clones, real wages for American families are down. Our trade 
deficit is in the tens of billions of dollars, and our manufacturing 
base is falling apart.
  The American worker is now more productive than ever, but that 
increased productivity has not led to a corresponding increase in 
wages. The truth is that the NAFTA free trade model is designed to 
favor the wealthiest few and corporate bottom lines at the expense of 
small businesses, workers, families and communities.
  In the coming weeks, we will be asked to consider first two of the 
Bush administration's trade priorities, free trade agreements with Peru 
and Panama. Despite the long record of failed free trade agreements, 
the Bush administration and free traders are going to tell us that Peru 
and Panama agreements are less controversial than the administration's 
other priorities, free trade agreements with Colombia and Korea, and 
the renewal of the President's fast-track negotiating authority.
  This is a sign of how bad Peru and Panama trade deals are. Their only 
redeeming value, it seems, is that they are not as bad as the deals 
with Korea and Colombia. But that argument misses the point. Every bad 
trade agreement passed, makes it easier for another bad trade agreement 
to slip by.
  When they say ``not that bad,'' we should say ``not good enough.'' 
Let's keep our eyes on the ball.
  The Peru and Panama free-trade agreements are slippery slopes to 
other bad deals. Passing these deals makes it easier for the Bush 
administration to push through the Korea free-trade agreement which 
would gut the American car industry.

                              {time}  2000

  It would make it easier for the White House to push through fast 
track authority, which gives the President a blank check to create 
additional agreements that gut our communities and our economy.
  Passing the Peru and Panama Free Trade Agreements puts us on a 
slippery slope toward passing the Bush-Colombia Free Trade Agreement, a 
deeply flawed trade deal for working families in both countries.
  I just returned from Colombia, and this was my second trip in 7 
months. On these visits I talked with leaders from civil society, 
indigenous groups, organized labor and the political opposition.
  Colombia is a great country with wonderful people, a vibrant culture 
and a growing economy. However, Colombia remains the most dangerous 
country in the world for worker advocates. Despite recent progress, the 
Colombian Government has still been unable to protect labor organizers 
from being attacked or killed over any specific amount of time. The 
Bush-Colombia Free Trade Agreement will only exacerbate those problems. 
Without real enforceable worker protections, increasing numbers of 
Colombian workers will be forced into sweatshop conditions.
  The Bush-Colombia FTA will gut Colombia's legitimate agriculture 
sector. Colombian farmers will be forced to compete with subsidized 
crops from the United States. Many farmers will be forced to choose 
between leaving their farms and growing more lucrative drug crops, the 
very drug crops that we see sending drugs up to the United States.
  Free traders are going to say that denying Colombia a free-trade 
package, after giving similar agreements to its neighbors, will 
destabilize the Colombian Government and give a victory to Hugo Chavez. 
They are going to say that it sends a terrible message to an important 
ally that we still regard Colombia as a pariah state.
  They're going to say that if the worker and environmental protections 
were good enough for Peru and Panama, why not Colombia and Korea?
  Here's the bottom line. The Peru and Panama Free Trade Agreements are 
slippery slopes to more downward pressure on wages and benefits, both 
here and abroad.
  You want to hear the surest sign that the Bush Free Trade Agreement 
is flawed? He couldn't even pass them when his own party was in control 
of the Congress. The Peru free trade agreement was signed in April of 
2006, and yet the White House couldn't get the Republican majority to 
move it.
  Some might say, we can't afford not to sign free trade agreements. 
After all, they say, globalization is here to stay. Trade and 
globalization are here to stay. The question remains, however, can we 
make them work for working families? And I say, yes, we can.
  Trade can benefit our economy and the economist of our trading 
partners. We can negotiate deals that create new markets, bring new 
jobs and new prosperity. We can achieve significant new foreign market 
access and reduce our trade deficit. If we stand united for working 
Americans, we can deliver a real new deal on trade, not warmed-over 
promises masquerading as caviar.
  Minor adjustments to the NAFTA-style deals are just not good enough. 
No more agreements based on the failed NAFTA model, no more Fast Track 
promotion authority. We cannot give this administration, or future 
ones, a blank check on trade deals that devastate our communities at 
home.
  I urge my colleagues on both sides of the aisle to get off that 
slippery slope and get on the new path toward trade that promotes 
development and prosperity for all, not just for the wealthy few.
  And I thank my colleague, a real leader on this issue, Mr. Michaud, 
for yielding me time.
  Mr. MICHAUD. Thank you very much, Representative Sanchez. And you're 
absolutely right. These trade deals are a slippery slope, and we 
definitely have to make sure that we change that trade model.
  As you know, I spent over 28 years at Great Northern Paper Company in 
East Millinocket, Maine, like my father before me spent 43 years, my 
grandfather before him for 40 years.
  NAFTA has killed our community. We used to have over 4,500 jobs. It's 
little over 500 jobs. Small businesses have gone under because the 
economy has been devastated because of a trade deal. We had 
unemployment that was over 33 percent.
  We had individuals who are proud men and women who worked in the

[[Page 15312]]

mill, made good wages, good health care benefits, they ended up on the 
food line. They are so many people that went to the food bank that 
actually the food bank ran out of food. The whole State chipped in and 
brought food, churches, communities throughout the State to help the 
devastation.
  And it doesn't end there. If you go 30 miles south, another mill had 
closed its doors. Another 30 miles south of that, another mill closed 
its doors because of trade.
  Yes, they are getting trade assistance, but they want their jobs. And 
what are they getting trained for, if there's no jobs to get trained?
  So this definitely has caused a huge problem, these bad trade deals 
in the State of Maine, and people are upset, and rightfully so; and 
that's why it's important for this Congress to get off that slippery 
slope and head for a new direction, start a new direction; and that new 
direction is changing that flawed trade policy.
  And I agree 100 percent, it's more than just a couple of Band-Aids. 
We have to look at the broader aspect of trade.
  And I really appreciate your ongoing commitment to do what's right 
for workers, to do what's right for small businesses in this country, 
and it's the humanitary thing to do as well. So thank you very much, 
Representative Sanchez, for your leadership in this issue, and I'll 
look forward to working with you as we move forward to deal with these 
trade issues.
  I now would like to recognize a gentleman who I've really got to 
enjoy in this Congress, a gentleman who has really been a strong 
advocate for our veterans, who definitely has been a leader in that 
area on the Veterans Affairs Committee, but also a gentleman who is 
extremely interested in the trade issues, knowing what trade has done 
to his State in Illinois, Congressman Phil Hare.
  Thank you for coming to the floor this evening. I look forward to 
hearing your remarks as they relate to trade.
  Mr. HARE. Thank you very much. And I thank my friend from Maine for 
his leadership. And as you know, you're my subcommittee chairman on 
Veterans Health. And you lead and you do a wonderful job on that 
committee. And I'm just honored to be able to serve with you.
  I want to thank you, and I want to thank my colleague, Congresswoman 
Sanchez from California, for her great leadership on this whole issue 
of trade and protecting American workers and standing up for ordinary 
people.
  I don't have a prepared speech tonight, Madam Speaker. I came here 
tonight just to kind of have a dialogue for a few minutes and talk 
about some of these trade deals from the perspective of what I'm 
hearing back in my district from ordinary people who get up every day, 
worried whether or not they're going to keep their job.
  I think we take a look at Korea. Here we have a trade deal that they 
are asking us to take a look at and support. 700,000 vehicles entered 
this country from Korea, yet our automobile manufacturers were allowed, 
allowed to ship 2,500 cars to Korea. Now, someone tell me if that's 
remotely close to being a fair trade deal.
  I don't have a problem in the world with saying to the Korean 
government, look, I'm not asking for 700 to 700,000. But when we are 
only allowed to bring in 2,500 vehicles, compared to importing 700,000, 
that trade deal is dead on arrival as far as I'm concerned.
  Plus, if you look what they're doing to our beef production and in 
terms of importing beef from this country, that issue is basically 
dead. Oh, they say they'll talk to us about it. But talk is cheap. And 
the reality of it is we have yet seen this government be able to move 
on a trade deal that makes any sense.
  You look at Colombia. I was at a trade press conference the other day 
on Colombia. As you know, as my friend from Maine knows, Madam Speaker, 
I'm a union member, president, former president of my clothing and 
textile worker local.
  If I had been as vocal for my union in the 13 years that I served in 
that capacity in Colombia, I probably would have been shot. We've had 
thousands of people who have been murdered, imprisoned, tortured. This 
is a government that we're supposed to do business with. We're supposed 
to trade.
  Here we are, the United States, greatest democracy on this planet, 
and they want us to fashion some type of a trade deal with a country 
that has paramilitary people go out and assassinate trade unionists and 
their families. We can do a lot better than that.
  I notice the President of Colombia was here just last week, and I 
echo my colleague, Representative Schakowsky's remarks, Madam Speaker, 
when she said to President Uribe in her remarks saying, come back in a 
year. Come back in a year and prove to this Congress and prove to the 
American people that you're serious about these violations; that you're 
going to prosecute more than 39 people, which is all that's been 
prosecuted under this government.
  My colleague from Maine mentions the loss of textile jobs and paper 
jobs and steel jobs. I talked to one of my friends, Representative 
Butterfield, and he had, at one time, in one county, in one county in 
his Congressional district, he had 10,000 textile workers in one 
county. I said, how many do you have today? And he said, I have zero. 
They're all gone.
  We can do a lot better than this. My basic question to those people 
who want these trade deals is just simply this. I understand the 
environmental and the labor standards, and I think those are good 
frameworks. What I want to know is, in every trade deal, what is the 
ramifications for our manufacturing base, for our workers and for our 
farmers?
  I think it's a fair question to be able to ask anybody. When I do, 
I'm told by some folks, well, we're going to redo the trade 
readjustment for those folks who lose their jobs.
  That's little comfort to somebody like Dave Bevard from Galesburg, 
Illinois. 32 years at Maytag. His wife has cancer. Health care runs 
out.
  And one person suggested that I go back and talk to Dave Bevard and 
explain to him, if you can believe this, Madam Speaker, I'm supposed to 
explain to Dave Bevard that there's currency manipulation in China 
that's causing some of these problems.
  And I remember saying to that Member, well, when I do, when I go to 
Galesburg and say that to Dave Bevard, I'd better be putting a 
catcher's mask on because I think I'm going to get poked. We can't talk 
to our workers like that, justify this. Currency manipulation.
  I'll tell you why Dave Bevard lost his job; I'll tell you why Maytag 
went to Sonora, Mexico, because this Congress, under NAFTA, that passed 
NAFTA, helped those jobs to go to Sonora, Mexico, Madam Speaker. They 
outsourced those jobs, and this from a company that took $9 million in 
Illinois taxpayers' money; and the workers gave, not one, but two wage 
concessions.
  And guess what? The people in Sonora, Mexico can't afford those 
refrigerators that they're making. In fact, they're coming across the 
border illegally because they're not making enough money at that 
factory.
  So to my friends at Maytag I would say, thank you for nothing.
  Look, I'm a card-carrying capitalist. I've said this many times, 
Madam Speaker. I want to see businesses make money. But I also want to 
see a system of fairness in this whole trade thing.
  I think it's the minimum we can do is to expect this Congress, that 
when we negotiate a trade deal, and when we're looking at a trade deal, 
is to stand up for those very people whose jobs are on the line.
  These are veterans who fought and defended this country. These are 
people who want to put their kids through school. They want to see 
their kids get married and be able to afford a home. They want to spend 
some time and be able to retire with some dignity.
  Instead, we outsource their jobs. We give them a Trade Readjustment 
Act that isn't really worth the paper it's written on in the final 
analysis. It doesn't nearly make it up.
  Now I want to say one thing about that before I just conclude here. 
Some of the workers at Maytag were told,

[[Page 15313]]

well, we know you're losing your jobs to Mexico, but here's what you 
should do. Go into a thing like health care. Growing field. My 
colleague from Maine and I probably ought to take a look at that maybe 
some day.
  But they were told, you need to get into a growing field like health 
care. So 300 workers, displaced workers at Maytag did just that. That 
was the good news. They went to school for a year. The bad news was, 
there was only room for 30 of those workers, 30 of those workers to 
continue in practicums so that they could practice medicine.
  So what was the response to those 270 people who were left out?
  Have you thought of going into cosmetology?
  Well, that's a wonderful thing. That's a great way to treat workers.
  No, they don't think about cosmetology. What they think about is what 
should have been and what could have been. What should have been was 
this Congress, this House, should have said no to NAFTA.
  And when it did say yes, and I wish I was here, I could have voted 
against it, should have had a moral obligation to say to those workers, 
we're going to do everything we can to help you hold on. But it didn't.
  And I am saddened that some Members in my own caucus think that every 
trade deal that comes down is something that we ought to take a look 
at.
  Let me suggest this, and I will close by saying this. I ran on this 
issue for the United States Congress. I talked about it every candidate 
forum I had. I had four opponents in the primary, and I ran on this 
issue of trade.

                              {time}  2015

  I said I will support trade as long as it does not outsource our 
manufacturing base and that American agriculture has a seat at the 
table. I won that primary, and I went on to the general election, and I 
ran against someone who supported NAFTA, who supported GAT, CAFTA, 
supported all these Bush trade deals, and I walked out of that election 
with 57 percent of the vote. Part of that, I believe, is because the 
people of the 17th District of Illinois know what it is like. I had six 
clothing and textile plants in my district. I have three with one ready 
to go, soon to close.
  I say, as long as I am in this Chamber, and I don't know how long 
that will be, I am not going to vote for a trade deal that will 
outsource one American job, that will take one farmer for granted, that 
will tell people you really don't matter because you have to look at 
the whole picture. So I say this to Dave Bevard and to those people who 
may be watching tonight, from this freshman's perspective, and I can't 
thank Congressman Michaud enough for his leadership on this. I met him 
when I was running for Congress, and I remember one phone call I made 
to him when I was a candidate, and one of the first questions he asked 
was, ``Where are you on trade?'' And I told him and he said, ``What can 
I do to help?'' And he has been a wonderful leader on this issue.
  And this battle will go on. This hour will end, but the battle will 
go on. And I am not giving up, and the people that believe that our 
manufacturing base can be saved, we are not giving up. I am going to 
support the Patriot Corporation, which helps keep American jobs here 
and stops giving tax credits to companies that outsource overseas. I 
want fair trade. I will vote for any trade deal that comes down as long 
as it meets the criteria that it stands up for ordinary Americans.
  With that, I am just honored that I was allowed to participate this 
evening. Thank you, Congressman Michaud.
  Mr. MICHAUD. Thank you very much, Congressman Hare. I really 
appreciate your leadership in this whole trade debate. It is very 
important, very valuable that we hear freshmen class, and the freshmen 
class has definitely been pretty vocal on the trade deal.
  As I mentioned earlier, if you go anywhere in my district, you will 
see a lot of abandoned mills. What used to be vibrant, a lot of workers 
working there, they are no longer there today.
  The other issue that is very important, and Congresswoman Sanchez 
actually touched upon it, is immigration. I know the Senate has been 
talking about immigration quite a bit. We will be talking about it 
soon. But before I vote for any immigration bill, I will look to see if 
they are taking care of the fundamental problem in immigration, and 
that problem is trade.
  If you look at the reasons why a lot of undocumented immigrants are 
coming from Mexico to the United States, they are coming across the 
border to get a job. And the reason why they are coming across the 
border to get a job is because they are living in substandard 
conditions in Mexico.
  Let's go back a few years to when NAFTA was passed. One of the 
arguments why we should pass NAFTA was because all boats will rise here 
in the United States and in Mexico. And by raising the boats in Mexico, 
the workers that come across the border illegally will stay because 
they will have their jobs, they will earn good wages, and there is no 
need to come across the border. As a matter of fact, at the time 
Madeline Albright made comments and encouraged Congress to support 
NAFTA because it will help solve our illegal immigration problems, and 
she went on to say if it doesn't solve them or help solve them, then we 
know it is a failed policy.
  Well, it is a failed policy. It hasn't helped. It has gotten worse. 
And this is something, when we talk about immigration, we have to make 
sure we take care of that fundamental flaw, and that is with our trade 
deals. If it means voting against the rule when immigration comes up, I 
am prepared to do that because this issue is so important that we need 
to change the direction. We have got to get off this slippery slope if 
we are going to make this country continue to grow.
  It is now a great pleasure to introduce a colleague of mine who is 
very familiar with labor issues, who is definitely taking on a 
leadership role, along with Congressman Hare from Ohio. Congresswoman 
Sutton has been a true leader.
  I really appreciate very much, congresswoman, all that you have been 
doing. You are a tireless advocate for working people here in this 
country, small businesses here in this country, and I really appreciate 
the way that you have taken on this leadership role, and I look forward 
to continuing working with you on issues as it relates to trade and 
other issues.
  I yield to the gentlewoman.
  Ms. SUTTON. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding.
  First of all, I want to thank my colleagues Mr. Michaud and Ms. 
Sanchez and Mr. Hare. You have been leaders in this fight for a new 
U.S. trade policy for many years to benefit and to help our working men 
and women, our businesses, and our communities, and we appreciate your 
efforts. On behalf of the people of the 13th District of Ohio, I 
appreciate your efforts working to craft a new trade model that won't 
leave our businesses and our workers at a disadvantage.
  And, frankly, last November in the election, the American people cast 
votes that reflect their desire to put an end to the flawed trade model 
that has had a devastating impact on our families and businesses and 
workers and farmers and communities.
  And yet we recently heard about a new trade deal, and it has been 
mentioned here today, revolving around the Peru and Panama Free Trade 
Agreement. And that recent deal between some congressional leaders and 
the Bush administration seemingly provides that labor and environmental 
standards will be added to those two free trade agreements. However, 
shortly after that announcement was made, reports indicated that those 
standards might be put into side agreements or side letters, and those 
statements were made by those who represent the multinational interests 
who have been benefiting under our current failed trade policies. And 
they have boasted also about how those standards would not be enforced. 
And based on this administration's abominable record on enforcing free 
trade agreements, I think we can all agree that that is what will 
happen under this administration.

[[Page 15314]]

  It has been mentioned here today that there was a free trade 
agreement with Jordan that was entered into by this country, and there 
were many who support fair trade, like Mr. Michaud and Ms. Sanchez and 
Mr. Hare and me. Of those who support fair trade, some of them saw fit 
actually to support that free trade agreement with Jordan because it 
had environmental and labor standards in the agreement.
  Well, what we saw is that despite those standards, under this 
administration, despite records indicating documented cases of child 
sweatshop labor, among other things, there was no enforcement of the 
standards. So the fact that they are going to be on paper but not 
enforced really isn't what I believe the American people had in mind 
when they voted, and I certainly don't think it is all that we need to 
be doing in Congress to fix our broken trade system.
  Now, in an effort to shut down the debate, oftentimes those who are 
benefiting under the current trade system characterize those of us who 
are seeking to fix it as protectionists. They insinuate that we are 
really against trade and don't understand the realities of 
globalization. Well, that is incorrect. This isn't about being pro-
trade or antitrade. It is about the rules of trade and ensuring that 
they are fair and enforceable. We need a trade model that truly allows 
fair competition because we know that if provided that opportunity, we 
will excel in the global marketplace. And that is the trade model that 
we are fighting for. We are fighting for a trade model that will not 
reward companies for moving overseas or outsourcing jobs and will put 
an enforceable end to illegal foreign subsidies and currency 
manipulation. We are fighting for a policy that will provide incentives 
to help our businesses, workers, and communities thrive that will 
require reciprocity of market access and ensure products produced 
elsewhere are safe for consumption here.
  Now, we agree that we must invest in new technology, innovation, and 
workforce development, and we have to invest in research and 
development. But it is not an either/or proposition. Unless we also 
develop a new trade model, our workers, businesses, and communities 
will continue to be unfairly undercut, and we see that reflected in our 
soaring trade deficit.
  So why is it that the Bush administration and many Members of 
Congress find it acceptable that other nations engage in unfair trade 
practices at the expense of those who toil here, whether it is a lack 
of meaningful and enforceable labor and environmental standards or 
currency manipulation, tariff and nontariff barriers, value-added 
taxes, and we could go on and on about the tactics that are used and 
keep our businesses and workers at a disadvantage? But for some reason 
it seems that there are those in Washington here who seem to believe 
that we can continue our current trade policies and that other 
countries will change. But why would they? It is working for them. Just 
look at our trade deficit.
  Well, those politicians who think this is a good system that we have 
going should visit Ohio's 13th District. Come and see the places that I 
have the honor to represent because a lot of people there are hurting 
from the failed trade policies that have been thrust upon them. Ohio 
has lost 200,000 manufacturing jobs since 2000. Communities have been 
hurt and families struggle. Futures have been destroyed. There are kids 
out there who will not go to college. There are families out there 
where health care needs are not being met. And it is directly related 
to our failed trade policies. And unless we make meaningful changes by 
enacting a truly new trade model, we can't reverse this downward 
spiral.
  So while it is encouraging that these two free trade agreements 
seemingly provide for the possibility of stronger labor and 
environmental standards, any enforceability, as I said, relies on the 
Bush administration, and it appears that it may be a paper victory to 
have those standards in the agreement even if they find their way into 
the core part of the agreement, which we are not certain that we will 
actually see.
  One more thing or, I guess, it is the overarching thing: The 
Constitution of the United States rests responsibility for trade with 
the United States Congress. I think that we head down a slippery slope 
as we continue to cede responsibility to the President for trade. It 
should be understood, as was reflected in our recent elections, that 
Congress must reclaim its constitutional authority and responsibility 
and stop ceding its responsibility to the President. It is our job to 
ensure a vibrant and fair trade policy, and we have to focus our 
attention on this task before it is too late.
  So the inclusion of labor and environmental standards on paper, okay. 
But, truly, the American people expect more. Our needs are much greater 
than that. And we must develop a new trade model that is enforceable 
and comprehensive, not just on paper but in reality. And we have to do 
it immediately to keep the faith with the American people.

                              {time}  2030

  With that, I yield back to the gentleman from Maine.
  Mr. MICHAUD. Thank you very much, Congresswoman.
  I can see from your comments and from hearing your voice that you 
truly care about the people in your district. And that's what I think 
has been missing in this debate from some of our colleagues on both 
sides of the aisle. Some think, yes, we have a trade deal; if you don't 
like it, vote against it. Yes, that's the easy way out. What a lot of 
our colleagues do not understand is just what you have mentioned; these 
are people's lives. You've seen it firsthand, Congressman Hare has seen 
it firsthand, I've seen it firsthand, where people who have lost their 
jobs, who in a lot of cases are up there in age, 50, 55, 60, that now 
have to change their lives, they have to try to get retrained, try to 
find another job. In the meantime, I know in my district, where we have 
over 33 percent unemployment, we have seen alcoholism and rape 
increase, divorce increase. The fact that students at high school, 
their dreams were shattered because they no longer had the means to 
further their education. We actually had a high school in my district 
where the senior class did not know whether they were going to be able 
to graduate or not because the mill that closed its doors paid 80 
percent of the tax base, which they had not paid, so the accreditation 
was in jeopardy.
  These issues are extremely important to each and every citizen in the 
State of Maine, whether you're a Republican, Democratic, green or 
independent. But there are also issues that are issues we have to deal 
with collectively, they're not Republican issues or Democratic issues. 
No one is to blame. I think there is plenty of blame to go around. 
Actually, it was a Democratic administration that brought us NAFTA. Now 
it's a Democrat-controlled House and Senate, that hopefully we will 
change the model. And that's what it is about. And you hit the nail 
right on the head; it's not about being protectionists, it's about how 
do we want that trade model to look.
  I hope that the presidential candidates, as they go around this 
country, will start talking about trade. I am very pleased with a 
couple of the House Members, Congressman Kucinich, Congressman Hunter, 
a Republican, who has been very vocal on China currency manipulation. 
He has legislation dealing with China manipulation, along with 
Congressman Ryan. Congressman Hunter also has bipartisan legislation 
with myself and Congressman Pascrell, who is a lead sponsor, on the 
value-added tax. He is out there, out front.
  I want to know where the other candidates are standing because this 
upcoming election is going to be extremely crucial to where this 
country is heading. We have a lot of issues we have to deal with, the 
value-added tax, currency manipulation. When you look at the whole 
patent issue, what's happening with that. We have a huge trade 
imbalance. How are we going to bring that trade imbalance back into 
line? That's why, Congresswoman Sutton, I

[[Page 15315]]

am very pleased to work with you because we're not only working as 
Democrats, we're working with our Republican colleagues across the 
aisle, we're working with environmental groups, labor groups. The 
business community, the United States Business and Industry Council, 
which has an association of small manufacturing businesses here in this 
country, has been very vocal on these trade issues, which is important 
because you have that business community and labor working together. 
That's what it's all about. Definitely there are those large 
corporations who have operations in India and China. These trade deals 
are nothing but a bottom line for them, but that bottom line for some 
of them could ruin this country.
  We are heading for a perfect storm. We have the largest budgetary 
deficit in our history. We have the largest trade deficit in our 
history. We cannot sustain that type of deficit, either budgetary or 
trade, if we are to maintain our status, if we are to be a world 
leader. That is why it is very important for the American people to 
demand that those who are running for higher office, whether it's 
Congress or the Office of the United States President, they have to 
demand to know where they stand on these issues and be held 
accountable. Because so far, from what I have seen, there hasn't been 
much leadership in that particular area.
  If we are going to fund education, health care, issues with 
childcare, taking care of our veterans, maintaining our super power 
status of military, we have to have an economy that allows us to do 
that. We cannot have that economy if we continue to outsource our jobs 
overseas.
  I yield to the gentlewoman.
  Ms. SUTTON. The gentlewoman's points are well taken.
  I am glad you brought up the issue of how far-reaching the effects of 
our failed trade policies go. I mean, the reality is that when we lose 
these jobs due to our broken trade system and the unfair trade policies 
that others pursue and we don't stop, what happens is our communities 
sometimes crumble because when those employers pull out and the jobs 
are gone, the tax base is gone. And then the city can't deliver 
services, our schools can't fund our education for our children. So it 
has these multiple ill effects that are set in motion.
  You also raise a really important point, and I think it's worth 
emphasizing. Oftentimes, Congressman Michaud, when we have these 
discussions about trade, they like to say this is about business versus 
workers. And as you rightly point out, of course, the U.S. Business and 
Industry Council has been saying much of the same things that we've 
been saying here on the floor because they know that the window is 
closing, that there are many who want to literally ``make it in 
America,'' but because of the policies that we have in place, it is 
becoming all but impossible for them to do that. Once that window 
closes, I don't know how we get it back. So, we cannot allow that to 
happen.
  On that point, I think that while we are sort of focused on this new 
deal about the Peru and Panama Free Trade Agreements, which of course 
represent a very, very small, minute portion of trade with this 
country, we are focused on that and the fact that there will be, at 
least on paper, some environmental and labor standards. Of course we 
are all very much in support of environmental and labor standards. But 
when we know that they are not going to be enforced and they are then 
just going to result in two more trade agreements that will result in 
more jobs being lost in this country, it doesn't really seem like the 
right place for us to be focusing when we have such a short window of 
time.
  Again, you point out some very important pieces of legislation that 
are pending here in the House, including the Currency Manipulation bill 
that Congressman Ryan and Congressman Hunter have sponsored and I think 
we are probably cosponsors on. That is an important place that we could 
be focusing on that could make an important difference in the very near 
future if we could enact.
  The value-added tax, a similar situation. We could be focusing, as 
Congress is responsible for trade, on these matters that would really 
make a difference in the way trade plays out for the people who we 
represent in this country. I think that that would be a much better 
focus than to continue to cede responsibility to this administration.
  It is a critical time. I know that the people back in Ohio are 
counting on us. And Ohio is going to be in the center of the storm, if 
past history is any indication, in these upcoming presidential 
elections. And this is an issue, I can assure you, that will be front 
and center in the minds of those people in Ohio as it was last year 
when they cast their vote.
  With that, I will yield back to my good friend from Maine.
  Mr. MICHAUD. Thank you very much. This is, as you said, a very 
important issue. And we are on a slippery slope currently.
  When you look at Fast Track, Congress is giving up our responsibility 
as elected officials, as a co-equal branch of government if we pass 
Fast Track. Congress has no ability to amend trade deals under Fast 
Track, and I think it's taking the easy way out. I do not believe that 
Fast Track should pass. I will oppose Fast Track because it is not a 
good deal for Congress and it is not a good deal for the American 
people. We have to look at how we can change that model.
  We have talked, I heard earlier, about the issues of training. Well, 
if you look at what happens when a mill shuts down because of unfair 
trade deals, yes, they do get training, as I mentioned earlier, but 
what are they going to train for, particularly when you have mill after 
mill after mill close because of trade deals, there's not much you can 
train. But also, when you look at some of the benefits and some of the 
problems we have seen because of mill closures. In the Katahdin region, 
where I am from, when the mills shut down, a lot of individuals 
actually had to tap into their 401(k) plan just to survive. What 
happens when they file their income tax? They get penalized because 
they had to tap into their 401(k) plan. That's unfair. That's unjust. 
When they applied for unemployment, guess what? They're taxed on their 
unemployment. Now, if you want to talk about giving tax breaks to 
anyone, it's those who are unemployed who actually should have the tax 
breaks.
  You look at what has been talked about earlier as well, the labor and 
environmental standards that they say will be part of the cortex on 
Peru and Panama, that is yet to be seen. I think we have seen articles 
in the paper where the administration is starting to slip out of that 
deal to try to conjure up some other deal and say, well, we will put it 
in the side room and what have you. So it will be interesting to see 
what they finally come up with.
  But no matter what you do on labor standards, when you look at the 
Colombian trade deal, some of our colleagues say well, there are some 
labor violations. Well, I like the way that they talk about ``some 
labor violations.'' They are talking about assassinations of trade 
activitists. That's more than just a labor violation. And to say that 
well, we will put the standards in the trade deal, that is not going to 
solve the problem.
  I met with the President of Colombia and I told him right up front 
that I want to see results before I support anything. I don't want to 
see more verbiage in a trade deal to say that they will take care of 
the problem. If they want to stop these assassinations, they can do a 
lot more than what they are doing currently today. I met with several 
elected officials, individuals from Colombia, on a couple of different 
occasions. And when you look at how some of these people are being 
assassinated, on two separate occasions, with other Members of 
Congress, when I was talking to these individuals, what they have done 
is to set an example of someone who is a union activist. They have 
actually beheaded them in front of their neighbors, to set an example, 
and played soccer with their heads. And this is a country we are going 
to sign a

[[Page 15316]]

trade deal? That is outrageous, and it is just disgusting to see that 
sort of thing happen.
  Before I do anything on the Colombian trade deal, I want to see the 
number of trade unionist assassinations drop. I don't want to see 
writing, I want to actually see results. And that is what is so 
important, when you look at these trade deals; they are affecting 
people's lives. These people are more than just numbers on a paper. I 
wish some of our colleagues could really understand that. I don't think 
they do. Probably because they haven't been affected like your 
district, Congressman Hare, my district.
  I think it is important for the American people, also, to really 
focus on what is happening here in Congress. Just because it's a new 
Congress doesn't mean that we are going to change in a new direction 
when it comes to trade. They want to see results like we want to see 
results, and hopefully we will see results in this upcoming debate on 
trade.
  And there are some issues we can do right now without trade deals. We 
can pass the Currency Manipulation dealing with China, that can be done 
right now. We can pass the value-added tax issue, that is a 
disadvantage to businesses here in this country. That deficit alone is 
I believe $379 billion, a tax that is affecting companies here in the 
United States.

                              {time}  2045

  That is not fair. We have to deal with that.
  Madam Speaker, I yield to the gentleman from Illinois.
  Mr. HARE. Madam Speaker, the point is, if we're going to trust this 
administration to enforce labor standards and environmental standards, 
this is the same administration who hasn't even administered our own 
National OSHA program and has had one OSHA standard that they had to 
enforce, and that was because this administration was sued to get it.
  I would hope my colleagues wouldn't just listen to us this evening. I 
would hope they would listen to the American people. Poll after poll 
say, if the American people are asked across the country, north to 
south, east to west, they are asked about these trade deals, the 
American people want to see that American workers have a right to be 
competitive.
  I wrote down a list of some things: Steel, televisions, camcorders, 
clothing. The list goes on. It isn't that we don't have the workforce 
that can manufacture and make these things. They were quality products 
for years and years and years. Unfortunately, we have had a Government 
that felt that it was okay to take those jobs and to move them out.
  I would also remind some of our colleagues that not every person that 
gets out of school wants to sit behind a computer terminal. There is 
great strength in working as a welder. It is a great task to be a 
fitter. It is a great task to be able to do something with your hands. 
God didn't create all of us to sit behind a terminal. I am convinced of 
that, because I am computer illiterate. I am living proof. I cut lining 
for men's suits for 13 years, and I know this: I know that we 
manufactured a marvelous product. I know my cutting room was outsourced 
because you can't compete against 17 cents an hour.
  The unionized clothing worker back then was making a whopping $6.07 
per hour when I worked in this factory. So this nonsense about American 
workers pricing themselves out of jobs because of collective bargaining 
agreements, that dog, as they say, just isn't going to hunt.
  I would ask this body, this House, to pay attention to what the 
American people said last November. They sent us here to do something 
positive for them. I haven't met a worker yet who said, could you do me 
a favor, Phil? I hope you do the best you can when you get out there to 
make sure I can get some TRA funding and lose my job. People want us to 
stand up for them, and that is what we are here tonight for.
  I want to commend the Congresswoman from Ohio, Betty Sutton. She has 
been a tremendous force in this issue of bringing it forward, staying 
with it and not being afraid to take some lumps, because sometimes we 
can do that in this business.
  But let me tell you, this issue that we are talking about this 
evening is one of the most important issues this country faces. We are 
going to be at a crossroads with these trade agreements. We can either 
decide to stand up and be counted, or we can stand aside and watch 
these jobs go and bemoan the fact that they are gone down the road and 
try to solve this by throwing some money at a TRA program that not only 
needs to be reworked, it needs to be reworked because it isn't working, 
and it hasn't been working for a long time for American workers who 
have been displaced.
  I just want to close by saying this tonight: I am for trade. I have 
said it before. I am for any type of a fair trade agreement that works. 
But I will not vote for a single piece of legislation that comes to 
this floor that will outsource one more job, not just from the 17th 
District of Illinois, the 13th District of Ohio, a district in Maine.
  But from Maine to California, we have a responsibility. I am here 
because of the working men and women of my district. I am going to do 
the very best I can. And I will tell all of them that are watching, I 
would encourage them to talk to their Representative and to try to tell 
them just how important this issue is and what is at stake.
  Let me again thank my colleague from Maine for his leadership on this 
issue. He is probably one of the most forceful voices we have in this 
Chamber to stand up for American working men and women. I am honored to 
be here tonight, and I'm honored to serve with you, and I thank the 
gentleman for giving me this time.
  Mr. MICHAUD. Well, thank you, very much, Mr. Hare, for your 
compliments. But we are here as a team. We are here to do what is right 
for the American people, whether you are an employee, whether you are 
an employer, because that is very important.
  I know that you know as well as Congresswoman Sutton and a lot in the 
freshman class who actually ran on this issue, you have seen what it 
has done to your districts. You have seen what it is doing to our 
country. It is very important that those who are sitting here get out 
there and talk to the people who have been affected by this.
  It is not that we have to pass trade deals because you want to be 
good on business or vote against them because of labor. This isn't a 
business-labor issue. This is an American issue. It is an issue that is 
extremely important if we are to sustain our status in the world. We 
have to make sure that we have trade deals that are fair. It is not 
about being protectionist. It is about the rules of trade. That is what 
it is about, the rules of trade. And I think it is extremely important 
that the majority party and the minority party and the rank and file 
Members who are dealing with this issue look at it in a comprehensive 
manner.
  We have to do several things, as I mentioned earlier, and there is a 
lot we can do next week and the week after without any trade deal. The 
currency manipulation, there is legislation dealing with that. There is 
legislation in dealing with the value-added tax. If those people who 
are very interested in trade, the so-called free traders, we can pass 
these pieces of legislation this month to say, yes, we are serious 
about trade, and here is a start. Then we can start looking at some of 
these trade deals that have been negotiated, the Peru and Panama trade 
deal, what has happened with Korea, and see whether or not we should 
enact those. But we have to start, and we have to start today.
  We are a new Congress, a Congress to which the American people said 
that we want a new direction in this country. And we have to give them 
the new direction that they want, because I can guarantee you, in this 
upcoming election cycle, if we do not make changes in how we deal with 
the trade issues, we will be on a slippery slope. I don't want that to 
happen.
  I think the American people deserve better. The American people 
deserve

[[Page 15317]]

better, and the business community in this country deserves better. 
Hopefully we will be able to give them that.
  Once again I want to close by thanking you very much, Congressman 
Hare, for your strong leadership, and you, Congresswoman Sutton, both 
in the freshman class. You're a breath of fresh air here in this 
Congress. I look forward to working with you as we move forward in this 
debate.

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