[Congressional Record (Bound Edition), Volume 152 (2006), Part 14]
[House]
[Pages 19264-19269]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]




 URGING THE PRESIDENT TO APPOINT A PRESIDENTIAL SPECIAL ENVOY FOR SUDAN

  Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I move to suspend the rules and 
agree to the resolution (H. Res. 992) urging the President to appoint a 
Presidential Special Envoy for Sudan, as amended.
  The Clerk read as follows:

                              H. Res. 992

       Whereas in July 2004, the United States House of 
     Representatives and Senate declared that the atrocities in 
     the Darfur region of Sudan constitute genocide, and the Bush 
     administration reached the same conclusion in September 2004, 
     when then Secretary of State Colin Powell stated that ``the 
     evidence leads us to the conclusion that genocide has 
     occurred and may still be occurring in Darfur'';
       Whereas an estimated 300,000 to 400,000 people have been 
     killed by the Government of Sudan and its Janjaweed allies 
     since the crisis began in 2003, more than 2,000,000 people 
     have been displaced from their homes, and more than 250,000 
     people from Darfur remain in refugee camps in Chad;
       Whereas some rebel factions, which have targeted civilians 
     in the Darfur region, have intensified their attacks even 
     after the signing of the Darfur Peace Agreement in May 2006;
       Whereas the United Nations Under-Secretary General for 
     Humanitarian Affairs, Jan Egeland, in late August 2006 stated 
     that ``[i]nsecurity is at its highest level since 2004, 
     access at its lowest levels since that date, and we may well 
     be on the brink of a return to all-out war'';
       Whereas despite the signing of the Darfur Peace Agreement 
     in May 2006, violence against civilians, peacekeepers, and 
     humanitarian workers continues unabated; and an estimated 12 
     humanitarian workers have been killed in Darfur, including a 
     nurse in September 2006;
       Whereas in August 2006, the Government of Sudan began to 
     deploy thousands of government troops for a major offensive 
     in Darfur, once again threatening a major humanitarian 
     catastrophe and risking the safety and security of millions 
     of civilians;
       Whereas according to the Government of Sudan's plan, in a 
     document submitted to the United Nations Secretary-General 
     Kofi Annan, the Government of Sudan plans to deploy 
     approximately 26,500 additional troops and 7,050 additional 
     police to Darfur;
       Whereas the objectives of this deployment are ``to deal 
     with the threats posed by the activities of groups that have 
     rejected the Darfur Peace Agreement and to gain control over 
     the security situation and achieve stability in Darfur'';
       Whereas the United Nations Security Council passed a 
     resolution expanding the mandate of the United Nations 
     Mission in Sudan (UNMIS) for the additional deployment of 
     17,300 peacekeeping troops and 3,300 civilian police 
     personnel as well as 16 formed police units to Darfur;
       Whereas President Omar Bashir of Sudan has rejected the 
     deployment of a United Nations peacekeeping force to Darfur, 
     even as First Vice President Salva Kiir has publicly stated 
     his support for the deployment of a United Nations 
     peacekeeping mission to Darfur;
       Whereas implementation of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement 
     (CPA) between the Government of Sudan and the Sudan People's 
     Liberation Movement (SPLM) is slow, raising serious concern 
     about the commitment of the Government of Sudan to fulfill 
     its responsibilities;
       Whereas in July 2005, although the Abyei Boundary 
     Commission, established to define and demarcate the area of 
     the nine Ngok Dinka chiefdoms, finished its work and 
     submitted its report to President Bashir, the President has 
     yet to implement the conclusions of the Commission, as called 
     for in the Comprehensive Peace Agreement;
       Whereas the reconstruction and development of Southern 
     Sudan and other marginalized areas remains a major challenge, 
     while the return of refugees and displaced people to their 
     homes in Darfur will require major financial commitments and 
     the establishment of a secure and safe environment throughout 
     Darfur;
       Whereas in order to tackle these many and difficult 
     challenges, the appointment of a Presidential Special Envoy 
     for Sudan with a robust mandate and access to, and support 
     of, senior Administration officials, including the President, 
     is crucial;
       Whereas Members of Congress, leading foreign policy 
     experts, and many nongovernmental organizations have called 
     repeatedly for the appointment of a Presidential Envoy for 
     Sudan to effectively represent the United States Government 
     in heading off a further escalation of genocide in Darfur;
       Whereas United States Government officials have diligently 
     pursued peace agreements to end the North-South conflict and 
     the Darfur conflict and the United States Government has 
     provided more than $2 billion in assistance to help the 
     suffering people of Sudan; and
       Whereas during a speech before the United Nations General 
     Assembly on September 19, 2006, President George W. Bush 
     announced the appointment of Andrew Natsios to serve as 
     Presidential Special Envoy for Sudan: Now, therefore, be it
       Resolved,  That the House of Representatives--
       (1) commends the many years of tireless efforts of United 
     States officials who have helped secure the Comprehensive 
     Peace Agreement and the Darfur Peace Agreement;
       (2) strongly supports the appointment of an adequately 
     staffed Presidential Special Envoy for Sudan with a robust 
     mandate to develop and coordinate United States policy toward 
     Sudan with regular access to senior Administration officials; 
     and
       (3) strongly urges the mandate of the Presidential Special 
     Envoy for Sudan to include--
       (A) deterring a further escalation of violence and 
     humanitarian disaster in the Darfur region of Sudan while 
     ensuring civilians are adequately protected and the Darfur 
     Peace Agreement is fully implemented;
       (B) facilitating the development of an international 
     peacekeeping mission to Darfur with a mandate to protect 
     civilians and humanitarian workers;
       (C) ensuring implementation of the Comprehensive Peace 
     Agreement, which ended the 21-year civil war in Southern 
     Sudan, Nuba, Southern Blue Nile, and Abyei and helping secure 
     a just peace in Eastern Sudan;
       (D) coordination of reconstruction and development work in 
     Southern Sudan and other marginalized areas;
       (E) coordination and monitoring of the return of refugees 
     and displaced people to their homes in Darfur and southern 
     Sudan;
       (F) securing and consolidating peace in Northern Uganda by 
     working closely with the Government of South Sudan and the 
     Government of Uganda;
       (G) coordination of efforts to ensure implementation of the 
     transformation of the Sudan People's Liberation Army (SPLA) 
     into a professional armed force;
       (H) work toward achieving a peaceful, stable, and 
     democratic Sudan by ensuring that free and fair elections are 
     held, as called for in the Comprehensive Peace Agreement, by 
     coordinating and implementing programs necessary to achieve 
     these objectives; and
       (I) coordination of efforts to work toward achieving 
     accountability for the crimes committed in Darfur by working 
     closely with relevant individuals and entities engaged in 
     this area.


[[Page 19265]]


  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to the rule, the gentleman from New 
Jersey (Mr. Smith) and the gentleman from California (Mr. Lantos) each 
will control 20 minutes.
  The Chair recognizes the gentleman from New Jersey.


                             General Leave

  Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that 
all Members may have 5 legislative days within which to revise and 
extend their remarks and include extraneous material on the resolution.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the 
gentleman from New Jersey?
  There was no objection.
  Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I 
may consume.
  Mr. Speaker, the challenges we face today in Sudan are perhaps among 
the most difficult of our time. The interminable war between Khartoum 
and the rebels in the south claimed the lives of over 2 million people 
and was punctuated by brutalities that strain our credulity. The United 
States poured hundreds of millions of dollars into humanitarian relief 
for Sudan, but never bothered to effectively engage in a high-level 
effort to resolve the conflict until 2001 when President Bush appointed 
Senator John Danforth to serve as a Special Envoy to Sudan.
  With Senator Danforth's leadership, the Comprehensive Peace Agreement 
for Sudan was signed in January of 2005, presenting a historic 
opportunity for peace, economic development, and democratic aspirations 
in southern Sudan. Unfortunately, implementation of the peace agreement 
has been slow and many difficult challenges lie ahead.
  While the international community focused on resolving the war in the 
south, a genocidal campaign was unleashed by the government of Sudan in 
the Darfur region of western Sudan. As many as 400,000 people have died 
since 2004, and more than 2 million others have been forced from their 
homes. Once again, the U.S. Government provided millions of dollars to 
meet the immediate humanitarian needs of those most affected by the 
conflict, including more than $150 million to support the deployment 
and operations of the African Union peacekeepers in Darfur. This time, 
however, the U.S. immediately engaged at the highest levels to seek a 
resolution to the conflict.
  Two years of intense negotiations, with significant engagement by 
President Bush himself, finally yielded a peace agreement between the 
Government of Sudan and the largest rebel faction in Darfur, the SLA, 
in May of this year. Unfortunately, the agreement has not held and the 
Sudanese Government has launched military operations against its own 
civilian population in Darfur.
  Mr. Speaker, the United States has significant human rights and 
security interests at stake in Sudan. Recall that in 1996 the Sudanese 
Government made Osama bin Laden available to American law enforcement 
officials, a point that Salah Gosh reiterated to me with a great deal 
of sarcasm when I met with him 14 months ago in Khartoum. That offer, 
as we know, was refused.
  We cannot afford to repeat those mistakes of the past. The United 
States needs a rational, well coordinated policy towards Sudan that 
puts an end to the violence and terrorism and human rights abuses at 
the core of our relationship. It is in this context that I welcome, and 
we welcome as a body, the President's appointment of Andrew Natsios to 
serve as the Presidential Envoy for Sudan.
  The resolution before us today, authored by our good friend and 
colleague, Chairman Frank Wolf, H. Res. 992, strongly supports the 
appointment of the Special Envoy for Sudan and suggests a roadmap for 
the formation of a comprehensive responsible policy towards Sudan.
  It states that the Special Envoy's mandate should include all efforts 
to consolidate peace throughout Sudan, including by ensuring full 
implementation of the Darfur Peace Agreement and the Comprehensive 
Peace Agreement. The mandate should also include helping to secure a 
just and equitable peace in eastern Sudan, supporting reconstruction 
efforts and the return of displaced persons to the Darfur and southern 
Sudan and addressing the inextricably linked conflict in northern 
Uganda.
  In essence what will be the Special Envoy's responsibility to ensure 
that we do not repeat the mistakes of the past by focusing solely on 
the crisis in Darfur at the expense of solidifying the north-south 
peace accord and resolving the conflict in the east; by allowing the 
potential for peace in southern Sudan to blind us to the grave human 
rights tragedies continuing to unfold in Darfur; and by allowing the 
government of Sudan's reported cooperation in the war on terror to 
outweigh human rights concerns in the region. They must be paramount. 
And also to allow those same human rights concerns to compromise our 
ability to protect our own citizens.
  Again, this is a good resolution. I would note parenthetically that 
originally it called for the creation, this resolution by Mr. Wolf, of 
a Special Envoy. Thankfully, events have overcome the resolution and 
now we are congratulating the administration for doing just that, 
creating a Special Envoy for Sudan.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
  I rise in strong support of this resolution. I would first like to 
commend my good friend from Virginia, Congressman Frank Wolf, who 
serves with me as co-chair of the Congressional Human Rights Caucus, 
for introducing this most important measure. I also want to 
congratulate former USAID Administrator Andrew Natsios on his recent 
appointment as Presidential Special Envoy responsible for addressing 
the crisis in Darfur and for coordinating our policies towards Sudan.
  Mr. Natsios brings a remarkable lifetime of experience to this very 
challenging task. Throughout his career, he has faced many humanitarian 
and disaster situations, and he has performed brilliantly. The crisis 
in Darfur will require aggressive diplomacy for which Mr. Natsios is 
well suited.
  Mr. Speaker, 2 years ago this Congress found the atrocities taking 
place in Darfur were genocide. We thought that this declaration would 
trigger an outpouring of diplomatic efforts worldwide to rescue the 
victims of Khartoum's methodical madness. Rather than welcoming our 
clear-cut declaration, many around the world continued to wring their 
hands. Some even indulged in a specious debate as to whether the 
tragedy in Darfur was even a genocide. For too many the term 
``genocide'' created the specter of accountability, which few 
individual leaders and fewer governments and institutions were willing 
to contemplate.
  This same paralysis struck the international community, including our 
own government, in 1994, when the Rwandan genocide unfolded before us 
with lightning speed, 1 million people massacred in 100 days. In the 
aftermath of the genocide in Rwanda, leaders uttered the familiar 
phrase ``never again,'' never again would the world stand by and allow 
genocide to take place while we stood by and did nothing about it.
  But for 3 years, Mr. Speaker, genocide has been unfolding in Darfur, 
and the international community has been excruciatingly slow to act.
  Mr. Speaker, this Congress and the American people have not given up. 
Today we are voting on three separate measures that address the crisis 
in Darfur, including the one before us at the moment. The genocide must 
stop. Lives must be saved. The people of Darfur must be made whole 
again and a permanent and just peace must come to Darfur.
  Mr. Speaker, I support this resolution because sustained and 
intensive diplomatic efforts at the highest levels are needed. The 
Special Envoy must not only engage the parties to the conflict in 
Darfur. He also will need to galvanize the international community to 
bring lasting peace to Darfur.
  I strongly support this resolution and urge all of my colleagues to 
do so as well.

[[Page 19266]]

  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 5 minutes to the 
distinguished gentleman from Virginia, Chairman Frank Wolf, author of 
the resolution.
  (Mr. WOLF asked and was given permission to revise and extend his 
remarks.)
  Mr. WOLF. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding.
  Mr. Speaker, I stand in strong support of H. Res. 992, supporting the 
appointment of a Presidential Special Envoy; also, H. Res. 723, calling 
for the President to take immediate steps to improve the security 
situation in Darfur; and H.R. 3127, the Darfur Peace and Accountability 
Act.
  I want to commend and personally thank Chairman Hyde, Mr. Lantos, Mr. 
Payne, and Mr. Smith of New Jersey and their staffs for all the efforts 
that have gone into this.
  Last week at the United Nations, the President renewed our country's 
commitment to finding peace in Sudan by appointing Andrew Natsios as a 
Presidential Special Envoy for Sudan. Andrew has a big task ahead of 
him, but I am confident he goes into this position with the respect of 
the administration and determination to see peace in Sudan and somebody 
who understands the issue having been there on numerous occasions. We 
all support him in this endeavor.
  The people of Sudan, north, south, Darfur, all of Sudan, have 
suffered for too long. What is needed now is immediate action. The 
women and children are counting on us to end their nightmare. No human 
should ever have to live through and endure what these people are 
living through. I have seen through my own eyes during my latest trip 
to Sudan just 2 years ago the suffering people of Darfur. I visited 
five refugee camps, all sprawling tent cities jam-packed with thousands 
of displaced families. Also having visited Sudan in other cases, I have 
seen the suffering that went on in the north-south issue, people in the 
south and in the north.
  So as Mr. Smith said, this does not only deal with Darfur but also is 
to make sure that the north-south peace agreement continues to stay 
alive.
  I watched the barbarous Janjaweed militiamen, who are carrying out 
these attacks, sitting astride camels and horses just a short distance 
from where young and old sought what they had hoped would be a safe 
harbor.
  In the face of genocide, the international community has been 
paralyzed to act. The United States Government has led this effort in 
trying to bring peace in Sudan. Heroes like Roger Winter and others 
have dedicated their careers to the people of Sudan and should be 
commended.
  But, unfortunately, all of the diplomatic efforts that have been made 
over the last 3 years have failed to bring peace in Darfur. As we stand 
here, bombers are taking off, Antonov bombers, strafing villages. 
Soviet Hind helicopters fly in and attack the villages. Women and 
children are fleeing for their lives. The Janjaweed militia has 
continued to rape and kill, wiping out generations of people in Darfur. 
It is unacceptable, and the world must act.
  All three of these measures make it a priority to end the genocide 
and work to bring a lasting peace for the people of Sudan.
  I want to again commend the House for the strong stand. I want to 
commend Mr. Hyde, who has been a champion on these issues for so many, 
many times, in a bipartisan effort. I also want to thank Mr. Lantos. 
Every time one of these issues comes down on the floor, it is Lantos 
who is sitting over there.

                              {time}  1815

  And, lastly, I want to thank my good friend, Mr. Smith, who, quite 
frankly, on these issues of human rights and religious freedom over the 
26 years that I have served with him, he has done more I think than 
perhaps any other person that has ever served in this institution from 
the very, very beginning. But it is always Hyde, Lantos, Smith. It is 
almost like a baseball game and the three.
  And, also, I also want to thank Don Payne. Don Payne has been 
faithful, loyal, always there, always speaking out, always there. Has 
been there, I do not how many times, but also I want to thank Mr. 
Payne, and there are so many other Members.
  But these four, Hyde, Lantos, Payne and Smith, have been the ones 
that have really made a tremendous difference. And others again, I 
stipulate, care about this thing deeply. But it just seems that every 
time there is a human rights issue on the floor, they are the people 
that are down there.
  So I urge that we pass this thing with a majority vote and send a 
message to the government of Khartoum.
  Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I want to thank my friend from Virginia for 
his most generous comments, and I yield 3 minutes to the ranking member 
of the Africa Subcommittee, the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Payne), 
my good friend and distinguished colleague, who is our leader on issues 
relating to Africa.
  Mr. PAYNE. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of H.R. 3127, the 
Darfur Peace and Accountability Act, a bill which I have worked on for 
more than a year with many others. I am glad to see it come to the 
floor again for final passage.
  Let me just say that the bills that are being discussed today, H.R. 
3127, the Darfur Peace and Accountability Act of 2006; H.R. 723, 
calling for the President to take immediate steps to help improve the 
security in Darfur; and H. Res. 992, urging the President to appoint 
special envoys for Sudan; really speaks out that we are sick and tired 
of being sick and tired.
  We continue to say to Khartoum that they must stop the genocide. It 
will not be tolerated. President Bashir, the National Congress party 
officials, Janjaweed commanders and murderers, and others responsible 
for genocide must be held accountable and will be brought to justice. 
This bill is just the first step.
  I want to thank Chairman Hyde for working with our Democratic members 
of the Subcommittee on Africa, Global Human Rights and International 
Operations.
  I also would like to repeat what Congressman Wolf said, that 
Congressman Lantos has been a steadfast leader on issues of genocide. 
And as he being a genocide survivor, a Holocaust survivor, we know of 
his strong passion for this issue, and so we really appreciate his 
leadership.
  There are key provisions in this legislation, Section 7 and Section 
8. We want to first say that a peaceful resolution must happen in 
Darfur, and the Comprehensive Peace Agreement we think is a step 
towards that to happen.
  Section 8 of the legislation exempts the south and the three 
marginalized areas, deals with a number of issues that have been 
summarized in the bill.
  But let me just conclude by saying that there was an additional 
provision in the original bill, though, that I just would like to 
mention briefly, of Congresswoman Barbara Lee, which dealt with States 
having the ability to withhold pension funds from businesses that are 
operating in Sudan.
  Unfortunately, this was removed by the Senate. We hope to see this 
legislation, this language put back in, because we believe that States 
should have the right to divest from companies doing business, 
international companies doing business in Darfur; and we will continue 
to work towards that end.
  And so, Mr. Speaker, I thank the leadership for moving this bill 
forward.
  Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of our 
time.
  Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from 
California (Ms. Lee), always a strong voice on human rights.
  Ms. LEE. Mr. Speaker, let me thank the gentleman from California, our 
ranking member, for yielding and for your leadership. I also want to 
thank Chairman Smith. I want to thank Mr. Payne for your leadership and 
for helping to get this bill this far.
  This is a good step in a direction that I hope will ultimately stop 
the slaughter, stop the genocide, protect the people of Darfur and 
allow the people of Darfur to go home.

[[Page 19267]]

  Over 2 million people have been displaced. We hear upwards of 450,000 
people have been killed. This is a horrific genocide. We need the world 
community to say no, and we need to make sure that the young people who 
have been working and organizing throughout the country and raising 
their voices saying ``not on our watch'' that this is not on our watch 
and that we on our watch allow for the genocide to end.
  You do remember very clearly that over a million people were killed 
in Rwanda. And what we did, unfortunately, was sit back and say later 
that we were sorry. This should not ever happen again. Not on our watch 
will it happen again.
  So I think even with the difficulties we have had with the language 
remaining with regard to not preempting States in their divestment 
movements, this is, again, a good first start.
  I just want Members in this body to know, especially, that we are 
coming back on divestment, because it makes no sense to allow companies 
with holdings in the Sudan to continue to do this type of business. 
Pension funds should not have blood in their banks, and that is exactly 
what has happened.
  The people in the United States of America do not want genocide to 
take place with their money. That is what is taking place. And so we 
need to allow the wishes and the desires of people throughout the 
country, including in New Jersey, and today California signed its 
divestment legislation, Illinois, there are many States that are moving 
forward.
  So we are going to come back with our divestment legislation so that 
this Federal law will not preempt it.
  So thank you again, Mr. Lantos and Mr. Smith.
  Mr. Speaker, I would like to thank Chairman Chris Smith and Ranking 
Member Don Payne for their hard work on H.R. 3127, the Darfur Peace and 
Accountability Act but have concerns on versions emerging from the 
other body.
  We all agree that the systematic displacement, torture and slaughter 
of millions in Darfur must be stopped.
  However, the legislation before us today is not the same bipartisan 
bill that received almost unanimous support in the House of 
Representatives in April of this year--and then awaited consideration 
in the other body for nearly 6 months.
  Mr. Speaker, the original H.R. 3127 legislation that the House 
approved contained all the steps necessary to bring about peace and 
justice for the victims in Darfur and criminal penalties and financial 
sanctions against those who perpetrated the genocide.
  H.R. 3127 still contains many strong provisions including: 
immediately mobilizing support to expand the African Union mission, 
blocking assets and restricting travel of any individual the President 
determines is responsible for acts of genocide, war crimes, or crimes 
against humanity in the Darfur region; and offering U.S. support for 
the International Criminal Court's efforts to prosecute those 
responsible for acts of genocide in Darfur.
  However, Mr. Speaker, this bill falls short on the issue of 
divestment.
  The bill that came out of the House International Relations Committee 
and passed by the House included an amendment I authored on divestment.
  In particular, the language that was included in the House-passed 
bill provides pre-emptive protections for states and universities who 
are mounting divestment campaigns throughout our Nation.
  States and localities, and colleges and universities across the 
Nation have passed legislation mandating divestment of State funds from 
companies that conduct business in Sudan.
  Mr. Speaker, divestment works.
  The lessons from South Africa taught us that divestment is an 
effective tool--and clearly it's time we hit Khartoum where they'll 
feel it most, in their pocket books.
  We should not provide cover to businesses whose profits maintain 
Khartoum's systematic torture, rape, murder and displacement of 
millions.
  And moreover, I am profoundly disappointed at my colleagues in the 
other body.
  By removing this key provision, they are sending a message to states 
and universities nation-wide that stopping divestment is ultimately 
more import than stopping the genocide.
  Without the Lee Section 11 Divestment language a message is also 
going out to Khartoum and the companies that have been sheltered by the 
removal of this language--the message is ``With a wink and an eye your 
profits are more important than the Darfur people.
  I will support this bill. But, Mr. Speaker, I will also continue to 
fight to ensure preemption protections for states and communities and 
other bodies pursuing divestment strategies.
  That is why I introduced H.R. 6140, a bill that bars Federal 
contracts with firms doing business with Sudan but also protects 
states' ability to divest their pension funds from such companies.
  Mr. Speaker we have a moral responsibility to use every tool at our 
disposal to stop the genocide. And divestment is a powerful tool and 
should have been part of the legislation we are considering today.
  Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from 
Texas (Ms. Jackson-Lee).
  Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I thank the distinguished 
gentleman from California. There is certainly no doubt in your 
leadership on these issues.
  The chairman, Chairman Smith, and the members of the International 
Relations Committee, Members of this Congress, this is time for robust 
action. Frankly, it is time for rolling up the sleeves and the heavy 
lifting.
  Mr. Speaker, I want to congratulate the distinguished gentleman from 
New Jersey for his persistence on passing the accountability bill and 
the declaration of genocide. It has been a long journey. We passed it. 
We are back again. But the people of Darfur cannot take any more bumps 
in the road, the constant pain of the violence and abuse against women 
and children and men, the constant moving, the increasing number of 
refugees, the violence against refugees, the Janjaweed and others.
  The government is continuing to play the blame game. It is vital that 
the envoy have a robust mandate and be able to energize the 
negotiations that are going on or that are not going on. The President 
of Sudan has to be addressed and has to be admonished, and then we need 
NATO to be able to ensure that there is security and that they are much 
involved in pushing the Sudan.
  We need Egypt, we need Jordan, we need Algeria, we need Libya to 
encourage the president of Sudan to stand down. It is extremely 
important that we are reminded of the necessary humanitarian aid that 
is vital in the cause of saving lives.
  We need to save lives. Chad cannot take any more of a burden than 
what it already has. And having been to the camps in Chad, spoken to 
women who would not look you in the face because they had been raped 
over and over again, Mr. Speaker, this is a monumental crisis. We must 
not leave this place, the Senate must not leave the place, the 
President must not let this Congress go out without signing legislation 
so that the protection of those who are now under attack can be 
ensured.
  I hope that the presidential envoy will have the robust mandate to 
push the United Nations and the African Union and the United Nations 
peacekeepers to ensure peace in the region. I ask for support of these 
initiatives.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise today in strong support of H. Res. 992, which 
urges the President to appoint a Presidential Special Envoy for Sudan.
  The appointment of a Presidential Special Envoy for Sudan with a 
robust mandate and access to, and support of, senior administration 
officials, including the President, is crucial. Just a few months ago, 
we passed the Emergency Supplemental Act, which included $250,000 to 
appoint this special envoy. It is imperative that the President move 
rapidly to appoint this envoy, that envoy has now been appointed and 
his mandate must be vigorous and unyielding for peace and security in 
Darfur.
  The genocidal regime in Sudan has left 2.5 million people displaced 
and at least 400,000 people dead in Darfur. Due to increasing violence, 
15,000 innocent civilians continue to die each month. Genocide cannot 
continue on our watch; the United States must move towards effective 
action against this most terrible crime. The United Nations Secretary 
General has described the situation in Darfur as ``little short of hell 
on earth.'' Expert John Prendergast calls it ``Rwanda in slow motion.''

[[Page 19268]]

The United States Congress and administration are on record as 
declaring that the atrocities being committed in Darfur, Sudan are 
genocide.
  Until the security situation vastly improves, the people of Sudan 
will experience increasingly long-term adversity. Civilians can't plan 
on stability in the future. They can't grow crops, or raise livestock, 
if there is a likelihood--not a chance, a likelihood--that roving 
government-sponsored militias will beat, rape, or kill them if they 
wander outside the protection of makeshift camps. And these government-
sponsored criminals burn fields the people have managed to grow, and 
steal or slaughter the livestock the people have managed to keep.
  Over 400,000 people have died in the Darfur conflict since 2003, with 
3.5 million people driven into hunger, and another 2.5 million 
displaced due to violence. Imagine if the entire city of Las Vegas had 
perished at the hands of government-sponsored bandits, the population 
of Los Angeles was starving, and both the cities of Houston and Atlanta 
had all relocated due to conflict. The upheaval of the South after 
Hurricane Katrina is our closest reference to understanding the 
devastation Sudan is experiencing, and yet the scale in Sudan is 
overwhelming. We should all be quaking with anger.
  Human rights are not for any government to give and take--they are 
inherent, self-evident, and vital, as our founding fathers understood 
so well. We should not be complacent when such rights are violated or 
refused--we must use what power we have to ensure that people are free 
to live and thrive safely.
  We must work to deter any escalation of violence, and provide 
unwavering assistance to diffuse the current strife. I commend the 
tireless efforts of United States officials who have helped secure the 
Comprehensive Peace Agreement and the Darfur Peace Agreement. And yet 
there is much to be done, the welfare of a nation lies within our 
hands.
  Our role is clear, and we must do what we can to alleviate the 
desperation of the civilians caught in the mayhem in Sudan. I urge my 
colleagues to support this measure.
  Mr. RANGEL. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of H.R. 3127, H. Res. 723 
and H. Res. 992 and to call your attention to the rapidly deteriorating 
situation in Darfur. I join the sponsors of these bills in an effort to 
express our support of urgent action by the U.S. Government to 
intervene to stop the genocide which is now occurring. Since the 
conflict began in 2003 hundreds of thousands of people have died. 
Nearly 2,000,000 people have been internally displaced, more than 
3,000,000 people are dependant on international assistance to survive, 
and nearly 220,000 refugees are seeking protection in neighboring Chad. 
And although the U.N. has deployed nearly 13,000 humanitarian aid 
workers, the support offered to the region is not enough. In spite of 
the presence of African Union Mission in Sudan (AIMS) forces, the 
Sudanese government as well as militia men persists in flagrantly 
ignoring terms outlined in peace agreements resulting in continued 
genocidal violence and crimes against humanity. As reported by the 
International Commission of Inquiry on Darfur ``the extensive 
destruction and displacement have resulted in a loss of livelihood and 
the means of survival for countless women, men and children.'' Each day 
hundreds of innocent civilians are killed, raped, and forced to flee 
their homes. The world is failing Darfur. The United States is failing 
Darfur.
  Despite continued talk of the United States' commitment to liberate 
people from tyrannical dictators, spread democracy around the world, 
and fighting terrorism; we continue to tacitly permit the isolation, 
displacement, and murder of thousands of people throughout the region. 
We cannot continue to bear silent witness to the massacres. We must act 
now.
  How long will we allow a government which permits attacks and 
killings of so many of its citizens to refuse aid? How long will we 
watch as humanitarian aid workers are killed in the line of duty? How 
long will we continue to talk about genocide without responding? During 
a subcommittee on Africa, Global Human Rights and International 
Operations House International Relations Committee testimony, Roger P. 
Winter, former special representative on Sudan of the Deputy Secretary 
of State asserted ``Sudan's National Congress Party is controlled by an 
intellectually-capable, radically committed, conspiratorial and 
compassionless nucleus of individuals, long referred to as the National 
Islamic Front (NIF).'' Substantiating the fact that the Sudanese 
government is responsible for perpetuating the atrocities occurring 
throughout the Sudan, especially in Darfur, Mr. Winter's comments also 
underscore the necessity for both the United Nations and the United 
States to step up to the plate.
  Let us be clear. The situation is getting worse and it will continue 
to worsen should we stand idle. In violation of previous agreements, 
aerial bombings of villages using helicopter gunships have begun. 
Twelve humanitarian aid workers have been killed in the last two months 
and 25 humanitarian aid vehicles have been hijacked. The Sudanese 
government is still opposing a U.N. force, and has been threatening to 
throw out the AU if they transition into a U.N. force, and members of 
the Sudanese armed forces are disguising themselves and their vehicles 
to look like those of the AU. Something must be done to stop these 
atrocities.
  There are several steps that can be taken to begin to address some of 
the egregious wrongs occurring throughout Sudan, particularly in 
Darfur. We must work both collectively with other governments as well 
as independently to enforce the provisions outlined in H.R. 3127, the 
Darfur Peace and Accountability Act including: reinforcing the 
deployment and operations of an expanded AU peace keeping force; 
restricting travel of individuals and associates directly responsible 
for acts of genocide, war crimes, or crimes against humanity in Sudan; 
and withholding, from the Sudanese government, profits from and/or 
related to oil and oil related ventures. Immediate deployment of U.N. 
peacekeeping forces in accordance with U.N. SC Res 1706, and 
implementation of all previously passed U.N. SC resolutions such as a 
No Fly Zone and disarming the Janjaweed militia is needed.
  In accordance with H. Res. 723 we must take steps toward improving 
the security situation in Darfur particularly with regard to protecting 
civilian life. It is of critical importance that we immediately 
implement an interim civilian protection force that is both well 
trained and adequately equipped to protect civilians remaining in 
Darfur as well as those seeking refuge in Chad. In light of a report by 
Human Rights Watch we must ensure that cross-border raids initiated by 
Sudanese government forces and Janjaweed militias are countered by 
stalwart peacekeeping forces backed by stronger mandates. Similarly, 
appropriations must be made to support the implementation of these 
forces as well as to fund the missions of both AMIS and NATO in Darfur.
  We must also push for allies and other nations including China, 
India, Malaysia and Russia to extend their support for the Sudanese 
government. Echoing the sentiments of H. Res. 992 we must employ a 
special envoy to facilitate the development of an international 
peacekeeping force and ensuring the implementation of the Comprehensive 
Peace Agreement among other essential tasks.
  Moreover, we must encourage local authorities to exercise their legal 
right and moral obligation to exercise discretion in how they invest 
their money. Divesting is one of the many ways that we can send the 
clear message that we will no longer stand by while hundreds of 
thousands of innocent people suffer. Lastly, we must ensure that the 
recently established presidential envoy has a solid, strong mandate, 
adequate support, and clear channels of communication with the 
President.
  We cannot ignore the great responsibility resting upon our shoulders 
as a world leader. The people of Darfur can no longer afford to wait. 
We must hold true to our promises and to our convictions. We must stand 
up for humanity where human rights are being trampled, thousands are 
facing death.
  Ms. SCHAKOWSKY. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of H.R. 3127, 
the Darfur Peace and Accountability Act, H. Res. 723, which calls on 
President Bush to take immediate steps to help improve the security 
situation in Darfur, and H. Res. 992, which urges the President to 
appoint a Presidential Special Envoy for Sudan. I am proud to be a 
cosponsor of all three bills.
  Congress must act now to address what I believe to be the most 
disastrous humanitarian situation on the planet. We must make it an 
immediate priority--not just a legislative priority but a priority of 
conscience--to protect the lives of the men, women, and children who 
are suffering every day in Darfur, and in refugee camps just over the 
Sudanese border in Chad.
  The situation in Darfur has become exceedingly dire. In direct 
violation of the Darfur Peace Agreement (DPA) and numerous UN Security 
Council resolutions, the Sudanese government has begun to deploy some 
26,000 troops to the Darfur region. This has coincided with a sharp 
increase in attacks on civilians and humanitarian aid workers, renewed 
aerial bombardment, and the all but complete deterioration of the 
fragile DPA. The Congress must use every tool at our disposal to end 
the horror that continues in Darfur.
  The American people want us to act. From coast to coast, we have seen 
massive demonstrations on behalf of peace in Darfur. American Jewish 
groups, faith groups of all

[[Page 19269]]

denominations, the Save Darfur Coalition and others are far beyond this 
Congress in their awareness and attention to this critical situation. 
We must honor their hard work by passing H.R. 3127, H. Res. 723, and H. 
Res. 992 today.
  I was one of several members of Congress who worked to have the 
situation in Darfur officially classified a ``genocide'' by the United 
States Congress. I visited Darfur and I have seen the situation with my 
own eyes. I carry my experience in Darfur with me every day.
  The people of Darfur have suffered for far too long. After each 
genocide of the last century, Rwanda being the most recent, we vowed 
``never again.'' Yet, we have become witness to another genocide. The 
time to act is now.
  I encourage all of my colleagues to support H.R. 3127, H. Res. 723, 
and H. Res. 992.
  Mr. LANGEVIN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of H.R. 3127, the 
Sudan Darfur Peace and Accountability Act of 2006, which passed 
Congress on September 25, and H. Res. 992, which calls for the 
appointment of a presidential special envoy for Sudan and passed the 
House on September 26. H.R. 3127 addresses the ongoing violence and 
humanitarian disaster in the Darfur region by directing the president 
to impose sanctions on the Government of Sudan as well as freeze the 
assets of anyone responsible for acts of genocide, war crimes, or 
crimes against humanity in Sudan.
  H.R. 3127 also supports the United Nations and NATO to send a 
civilian protection force to assist the African Union Mission in Sudan. 
This is especially important since the Sudanese Government is currently 
refusing to allow U.N. troops into Sudan, which threatens a recent 
peace agreement and could lead to further violence. I am disappointed, 
however, that an earlier provision in H.R. 3127 that would have allowed 
States to make a decision to divest from Sudan was not included in the 
final version.
  This conflict has resonated with people all over the world who want 
this travesty to end. It is a shame that we have not learned from our 
mistakes in the past regarding genocide, but it is not too late to 
change the situation in Sudan. We must not stand by as the situation 
deteriorates in Darfur. It is our duty to end this human suffering, and 
I will continue to work to stop this conflict and promote peace in 
Sudan.
  Mr. HOLT. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in strong support of the decisive 
actions taken this week by the U.S. Congress to address the ongoing 
genocide and worsening humanitarian crisis in Darfur.
  I am pleased that the House of Representatives has again passed H.R. 
3127, The Darfur Peace and Accountability Act of 2006. The House 
originally considered this bill on April 5, 2006, but it took the 
Senate more than five months to pass it, finally doing so on September 
21st. This important bill would block the assets and deny visas and 
entry to any individual (or family member) responsible for acts of 
genocide, war crimes, or crimes against humanity in Sudan. H.R. 3127 
authorizes support for the African Union peacekeeping mission in 
Darfur. It prohibits U.S. assistance to a country in violation of U.N. 
Security Council embargo on military assistance to Sudan. It also urges 
a Security Council resolution supporting expanding the African Union 
peacekeeping mission. I look forward to the President signing this 
important measure into law.
  The House has also considered and agreed to H. Res. 723 and H. Res. 
992, both of which I am proud to cosponsor. These resolutions call on 
President Bush to take decisive action to respond to the ongoing crisis 
in the Sudan. In June, I joined with many of my colleagues to call on 
President Bush to appoint a Presidential Special Envoy for Sudan. 
Appointing a Special Envoy would demonstrate to the international 
community that the United States remains engaged and committed at the 
highest level to bring peace to Darfur. In his address to the United 
Nations last week, President Bush announced his appointment of former 
United States Agency for International Development Administrator Andrew 
Natsios as Special Envoy. I welcome and applaud this move and remain 
hopeful that this high-level official will be able to bring the 
resources and focus of the U.S. Government to bear on this crisis.
  As I have said before, for too long the world community turned its 
back to the ongoing genocide in the Sudan. But the actions of students, 
religious leaders, and concerned citizens in the United States and 
around the globe raised awareness about the horrors occurring in 
Darfur. I want to thank all who shared with me their concern about 
Darfur in town hall meetings, letters, phone calls, and e-mails over 
the last three years.
  Today, the Congress is answering their calls for action. Passing 
these bills is an important step to ending the genocide and beginning 
to hold those who are guilty accountable--but it cannot be our only 
step. Our commitment to end this conflict and to the people of the 
region must not begin and end today. We must remain focused and 
dedicated to ending the genocide and healing the wounds of a prolonged 
civil war. Justice must be served on those who perpetrated these 
heinous immoral crimes and we must help rebuild and restore the lives 
of the people who, through the grace of God, survive this hellish civil 
war.
  After the systematic genocide of the Holocaust, we said never again. 
After the horrors of Rwanda and the Kosovo we committed ourselves to 
preventing genocide before it surfaced elsewhere. Sadly, we are to 
adding Darfur to this list. It is long past time for the United Nations 
to become involved in Sudan. The U.N. needs to deploy a robust and 
sizable international mission to end the genocide and then work to 
bring peace to the Sudan. President Bush was right last week to suggest 
that it may be time to override the objections of the Sudanese 
government in order to send international peacekeepers into Darfur. 
After his speech to the U.N., Bush said, ``[T]here's genocide taking 
place in Sudan. . . . Now is the time for the U.N. to act.''
  I call on the President to continue to push for action on this issue 
with world leaders, internationalize the response, and advocate in the 
United Nations to end the genocide in Darfur. I pray that the suffering 
will soon end, and that we will not soon forget our brothers and 
sisters in Africa.
  Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, we have no additional requests for time, and 
we yield back the balance of our time.
  Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of our 
time as well.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Feeney). The question is on the motion 
offered by the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Smith) that the House 
suspend the rules and agree to the resolution, H. Res. 992, as amended.
  The question was taken.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. In the opinion of the Chair, two-thirds of 
those present have voted in the affirmative.
  Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and 
nays.
  The yeas and nays were ordered.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to clause 8 of rule XX and the 
Chair's prior announcement, further proceedings on this question will 
be postponed.

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