[Congressional Record (Bound Edition), Volume 152 (2006), Part 10]
[House]
[Pages 13680-13696]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]




     SUPPORTING INTELLIGENCE AND LAW ENFORCEMENT PROGRAMS TO TRACK 
                   TERRORISTS AND TERRORIST FINANCES

  Mr. OXLEY. Mr. Speaker, pursuant to House Resolution 896, I call up 
the resolution (H. Res. 895) supporting intelligence and law 
enforcement programs to track terrorists and terrorist finances 
conducted consistent with Federal law and with appropriate 
Congressional consultation and specifically condemning the disclosure 
and publication of classified information that impairs the 
international fight against terrorism and needlessly exposes Americans 
to the threat of further terror attacks by revealing a crucial method 
by which terrorists are traced through their finances, and ask for its 
immediate consideration.
  The Clerk read the title of the resolution.
  The text of the resolution is as follows:

                              H. Res. 895

       Whereas the United States is currently engaged in a global 
     war on terrorism to prevent future attacks against American 
     civilian and military interests at home and abroad;
       Whereas intelligence programs are essential to gathering 
     critical information necessary for identifying, disrupting, 
     and capturing terrorists before they carry out further 
     attacks;
       Whereas there is a national security imperative for 
     maintaining the secrecy of our intelligence capabilities from 
     our potential enemies;
       Whereas effective intelligence depends on cooperation with 
     foreign governments and individuals who trust the United 
     States to protect their confidences;
       Whereas the Commission on the Intelligence Capabilities of 
     the United States Regarding Weapons of Mass Destruction found 
     that ``the scope of damage done to our collection 
     capabilities from media disclosures of classified information 
     is well documented. Hundreds of serious press leaks have 
     significantly impaired U.S. capabilities against our hardest 
     targets'';
       Whereas the unauthorized disclosure of sensitive 
     intelligence information inflicts significant damage to 
     United States activities in the global war on terrorism by 
     assisting terrorists in developing countermeasures to evade 
     United States intelligence capabilities, costs the United 
     States taxpayers hundreds of millions of dollars in lost 
     capabilities, and ultimately endangers American lives;
       Whereas the 1998 disclosure of classified information 
     regarding efforts to monitor the communications of Usama bin 
     Laden eliminated a valuable source of intelligence 
     information on al Qaeda's activities, an example of the 
     significant damage caused by unauthorized disclosures;

[[Page 13681]]

       Whereas following the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, 
     Congress passed the USA PATRIOT ACT, which included anti-
     terrorist financing provisions that bolster Federal 
     Government and law enforcement capabilities to find and 
     disrupt the financiers of terrorist organizations;
       Whereas following the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks, 
     the President, with the support of Congress, directed the 
     Federal Government to use all appropriate measures to 
     identify, track, and pursue not only those persons who commit 
     terrorist acts here and abroad, but also those who provide 
     financial or other support for terrorist activity;
       Whereas consistent with this directive, the United States 
     Government initiated a lawfully classified Terrorist Finance 
     Tracking Program and the Secretary of the Treasury issued 
     lawful subpoenas to gather information on suspected 
     international terrorists through bank transaction 
     information;
       Whereas under the Terrorist Finance Tracking Program, the 
     United States Government only reviews information as part of 
     specific terrorism investigations and based on intelligence 
     that leads to targeted searches, such as searches of a 
     specific individual or entity;
       Whereas the Terrorist Finance Tracking Program is firmly 
     rooted in sound legal authority based on Executive Orders and 
     statutory mandates, including the International Emergency 
     Economic Powers Act of 1977 and the United Nations 
     Participation Act;
       Whereas the Terrorist Finance Tracking Program consists of 
     the appropriate and limited use of transaction information 
     while maintaining respect for individual privacy;
       Whereas the Terrorist Finance Tracking Program has rigorous 
     safeguards and protocols to protect privacy in that record 
     searches must identify a terrorism-related basis, and 
     regular, independent audits of the program have confirmed 
     that the United States Government has consistently observed 
     the established safeguards and protocols;
       Whereas appropriate Members of Congress, including the 
     members of the Committees on Intelligence of the Senate and 
     House of Representatives, have been briefed on the Terrorist 
     Finance Tracking Program and have conducted oversight of the 
     Program;
       Whereas the Terrorist Finance Tracking Program has 
     successfully provided vital intelligence in support of the 
     global war on terrorism, including information leading to the 
     capture of Hambali, the Operations Chief of Jemaah Islamiyah, 
     an al Qaeda affiliate, who masterminded the 2002 nightclub 
     bombing in Indonesia that killed over 200 people;
       Whereas the Terrorist Finance Tracking Program has helped 
     authorities uncover terrorist financiers worldwide and find 
     Uzair Paracha, an al Qaeda money launderer operating in the 
     United States;
       Whereas Congress has authorized the Secretary of the 
     Treasury to explore the implementation of systems to review 
     all cross-border wire transactions;
       Whereas the bipartisan 9/11 Commission recommended that 
     ``Vigorous efforts to track terrorist financing must remain 
     front and center in U.S. counterterrorism efforts'';
       Whereas persons in positions of trust and responsibility 
     granted access to highly sensitive intelligence programs 
     violated their solemn obligations not to disclose classified 
     information and made unauthorized disclosures regarding the 
     program;
       Whereas at some point before June 23, 2006, classified 
     information regarding the Terrorist Finance Tracking Program 
     was illegally and improperly disclosed to members of the news 
     media;
       Whereas beginning on June 23, 2006, certain media 
     organizations knowingly published details about a classified 
     program that the United States Government had legally and 
     with appropriate safeguards used to track the financing of 
     terrorism, including specific intelligence gathering methods;
       Whereas the Administration, Members of Congress, and the 
     bipartisan chairmen of the 9/11 Commission requested that 
     media organizations not disclose details of the Terrorist 
     Finance Tracking Program so that terrorists would not shift 
     their financing to channels in the international financial 
     system that are less easily observed by intelligence 
     agencies;
       Whereas the disclosure of the Terrorist Finance Tracking 
     Program has unnecessarily complicated efforts by the United 
     States Government to prosecute the war on terror and may have 
     placed the lives of Americans in danger both at home and in 
     many regions of the world, including active-duty armed forces 
     in Iraq and Afghanistan;
       Whereas persons who have access to classified information, 
     or who have classified information passed onto them, have a 
     responsibility to the people of the United States not to 
     endanger the populace through their exercise of the right to 
     freedom of speech; and
       Whereas Federal statutes criminalize the unauthorized 
     disclosure and publication of sensitive intelligence 
     information, regardless of the source: Now, therefore, be it
       Resolved, That the House of Representatives--
       (1) supports efforts to identify, track, and pursue 
     suspected foreign terrorists and their financial supporters 
     by tracking terrorist money flows and uncovering terrorist 
     networks here and abroad, including through the use of the 
     Terrorist Finance Tracking Program;
       (2) finds that the Terrorist Finance Tracking Program has 
     been conducted in accordance with all applicable laws, 
     regulations, and Executive Orders, that appropriate 
     safeguards and reviews have been instituted to protect 
     individual civil liberties, and that Congress has been 
     appropriately informed and consulted for the duration of the 
     Program and will continue its oversight of the Program;
       (3) condemns the unauthorized disclosure of classified 
     information by those persons responsible and expresses 
     concern that the disclosure may endanger the lives of 
     American citizens, including members of the Armed Forces, as 
     well as individuals and organizations that support United 
     States efforts; and
       (4) expects the cooperation of all news media organizations 
     in protecting the lives of Americans and the capability of 
     the government to identify, disrupt, and capture terrorists 
     by not disclosing classified intelligence programs such as 
     the Terrorist Finance Tracking Program.

                              {time}  1715

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to House Resolution 896, the 
gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Oxley) and the gentleman from Massachusetts 
(Mr. Frank) each will control 30 minutes.
  The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Ohio.
  Mr. OXLEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself 6 minutes.
  Mr. Speaker, today I am proud to present to the House for our 
consideration H. Res. 895, a resolution that expresses the sense of the 
House supporting intelligence and law enforcement programs that track 
terrorists and terrorist financing. Additionally, the resolution finds 
that the Terrorist Finance Tracking Program was conducted lawfully and 
with all due protections of civil liberties. The resolution condemns 
the unauthorized disclosure of classified information and states that 
the House expects the cooperation of news media organizations in these 
matters.
  Mr. Speaker, this is a resolution that every Member can and should 
support. We are at war. Thanks to the great job being done by our 
members of the U.S. military and law enforcement, Americans feel safe 
to go about their daily lives, but we are still in fact at war. We 
depend on classified programs and classified information in order to 
successfully prosecute that war.
  While there is the physical war that is being fought, of course 
another critical front in this war is terrorist financing, and that is 
where we focus our debate today. It is critical, because where 
terrorists place and spend their money is one of the best indicators 
about where the terrorists are located, who they are, and where they 
may strike again.
  The editors at the New York Times would do well to reread the 
editorial they published on September 24 about 2 weeks after September 
11, 2001. In part, it reads: ``The Bush administration is preparing new 
laws to help track terrorists through their money laundering activity 
and is readying an executive order freezing the assets of known 
terrorists. Much more is needed, including stricter regulations, the 
recruitment of specialized investigators, and greater cooperation with 
foreign banking authorities.'' The editorial concludes, ``If America is 
going to wage a new kind of war against terrorism, it must act on all 
fronts, including the financial one.''
  All of that activity that was recommended by the New York Times so 
soon after 9/11 was taking place and was being done with an 
extraordinary amount of international financial cooperation by the U.S. 
Treasury and its Terrorist Finance Tracking Program. The program was 
being conducted in accordance with current U.S. and international law, 
with executive orders, with outside audits, and with all proper care 
being given to individual liberty. I need to add that it was also being 
conducted with significant success.
  And part of that success was because this Congress passed the PATRIOT 
Act and our committee stepped forward with antimoney-laundering 
provisions that became a part of that PATRIOT Act, so important on the 
war against terror.
  However, the recent front-page story in the aforementioned New York 
Times

[[Page 13682]]

cut the legs out from under this program. Now the terrorists are well 
informed of the details of our methods and will find other ways to move 
money outside of the formal financial system. Now the terrorists will 
be driven further underground, and we will have to invest further years 
of work to uncover these new methods.
  Unfortunately, a one-day story in the New York Times can ruin years 
of careful work by those who work to map terrorist networks and the 
flow of terrorist money. Obviously, the editors of the New York Times 
are more concerned about their sagging circulation rates and about 
damaging the Bush administration than they are about disrupting 
terrorist financing.
  For those who may think we are overreacting, all you have to do is go 
back just a few days to the arrest of the seven terrorist suspects in 
Miami. That cell was looking to gain funding from al Qaeda to attack 
American targets. While law enforcement successfully broke that cell in 
plenty of time, we need to know about financial transactions like those 
while the attacks are in the planning stage.
  In a recent column, Morton Kondracke asked the question: ``Would 
newspapers in the midst of World War II have printed the fact that the 
U.S. had broken German and Japanese codes, enabling the enemy to secure 
its communications? Or would they have revealed how and where Nazi 
spies were being interrogated? Nowadays, newspapers win Pulitzer Prizes 
for such disclosures.''
  In the same column, Kondracke says: ``But the fundamental problem 
infecting much of Congress, the media, and the political class, 
especially those left of center, is that they are consumed with 
loathing for President Bush and all his works and are prepared to do 
anything to undermine him, even if it makes the country less safe.''
  Continuing to quote Kondracke: ``Everyone in Congress and the CIA 
should see the movie `United 93' as a reminder of what we are up 
against. Muslim fanatics will not only try to destroy the Capitol, but 
also explode a nuclear bomb, if they can.''
  Kondracke goes on: ``And people should heed the warning delivered by 
Princeton University Professor Bernard Lewis. Lewis cast the struggle 
with Islamic extremism in World War II terms. `It is 1937,' he said, 
`and we seem to be more in the mode of Chamberlain at Munich rather 
than Churchill.'''
  Kondracke, again quoting Lewis: ``Osama bin Laden and other would-be 
Hitlers,'' he said, ``consider the United States an effete, degenerate, 
pampered enemy incapable of real resistance. It's part of the pattern 
that we fight among ourselves as much as against our enemies. This is 
more than serious. It's dire.''
  These are the words of a well-respected journalist. A profound 
statement from Kondracke, but right on point.
  Another respected voice on the issue is Michael Barone. On 
USNews.com, Michael Barone recently said: ``Why do they hate us? Why 
does the New York Times print stories that put America more at risk of 
attack? They say that these surveillance programs are subject to abuse, 
but give no reason to believe that this concern is anything but 
theoretical. We have a press that is at war with an administration 
while our country is at war against merciless enemies. The Times is 
acting like an adolescent kicking the shins of its parents, hoping to 
make them hurt, while confident of remaining safe under their roof.''
  Nobody could have said it better than Michael Barone and Morton 
Kondracke.
  Mr. Speaker, this is a very serious issue. That is why the Congress 
is debating this resolution. I ask this resolution be supported 
strongly on a bipartisan basis.
  I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself 5 minutes.
  Mr. Speaker, people who want things to be done in a bipartisan manner 
should not engage in extreme partisanship at the outset. The resolution 
that is before us was drafted entirely by Republicans with no input 
from any Democrat, from the Intelligence Committee, from the Financial 
Services Committee, or anywhere else, and presented to us a little over 
24 hours ago. We then asked for the right to offer amendments, or at 
least a substitute resolution. It was denied.
  I find it extraordinary that repeatedly in the interest and in the 
name of democracy the majority degrades democracy. How can it be 
justified that no alternative can be offered? How can it be justified 
that no amendment can be offered?
  Let me say again: We are telling the Shiia majority in Iraq that in 
their parliament they ought to make an effort to include the Sunni; 
that it is not simply the majority doing everything, but you work with 
the minority. You then give, Mr. Speaker, through your party, the 
opposite example by not allowing even a resolution to be offered for us 
to be voted on.
  We have an alternative that is supported by a very large majority of 
our caucus. And now let me talk about that resolution, because let us 
be clear about what is not at issue today.
  We have agreement that the method of tracking terrorists through 
their financial dealings is a good thing. The Democratic resolution, 
which the majority refuses to allow to be considered in their abusive 
use of their majority, says explicitly that we support efforts to 
identify and track terrorists and their financial supporters. So if it 
isn't unanimous, it is the fault of the majority by doing it so 
divisively.
  We also in our resolution deplore the unauthorized disclosure of 
classified information. But we talk not simply about people who might 
print it, but the people in the administration who might release it. 
Earlier today someone said, well, what would happen if you gave out the 
name of spies? Well, ask the people in this administration who gave out 
the name of Valerie Plame. We hope that something will be done.
  Here is the difference between the two resolutions: the Republican 
resolution, drafted entirely by them and withheld from us until its 
publication, agrees that we should track terrorist financing. So does 
the Democratic resolution. Theirs, however, includes a number of 
factual statements that I do not believe we yet have a basis for 
making.
  Now, in some cases, some of those factual statements are about things 
that turn out, we think, not to have been true. For example, on page 3 
of their resolution they have reference to a prior incident in which 
the Washington Times was accused of having disclosed classified 
information regarding efforts to monitor the communication of Osama bin 
Laden.
  They don't mention the Washington Times because they like the 
Washington Times. They mention the New York Times. Times, they are a 
changing. If it is the New York Times, they don't like it, and they 
criticize it. If it is the Washington Times, they talk about a far more 
serious allegation about the Washington Times, that it gave away to 
Osama bin Laden how we knew where he was, but they don't mention them.
  But now it turns out they may very well have been inaccurate about 
that, and I plan to submit an article from The Washington Post that 
defends the Washington Times.
  But here is the problem we have: we want to say in our resolution, 
and we hoped it could have been unanimous, that we support this kind of 
tracking; that we don't want things to be disclosed. But what we are 
not prepared to say, and, frankly, nobody here is intellectually 
prepared to say it, people may say it on faith, but here is what they 
want to say: we find that the program has been conducted in accordance 
with all applicable laws, regulations, and executive orders; that 
appropriate safeguards and reviews have been instituted to protect 
individual civil liberties, and that Congress has been appropriately 
informed.
  I think that the part about our being informed is very inaccurate, 
and I don't know the answer to the other. What you have done is to 
hijack the

[[Page 13683]]

virtually unanimous support for tracking terrorist financing into an 
endorsement of the way the Bush administration has conducted itself. 
That is how it became partisan.
  Why should this House vote now to say that the program has been 
conducted with all the safeguards, et cetera, et cetera? We don't know 
that. Members don't know that. Members on the other side are entitled 
to take it on faith. I know faith-based resolutions are very important 
to them, but I don't think as Members of the House of Representatives 
we ought to be asked to vote, the most solemn thing you do in a 
democracy as a representative, on factual statements when people cannot 
know whether they are true.
  Again, I want to go back and say, how can you justify, in the name of 
democracy, denying us a chance to even present an alternative 
resolution supporting this program?

               [From the Washington Post, Dec. 22, 2005]

           File the Bin Laden Phone Leak Under `Urban Myths'

                           (By Glenn Kessler)

       President Bush asserted this week that the news media 
     published a U.S. government leak in 1998 about Osama bin 
     Laden's use of a satellite phone, alerting the al Qaeda 
     leader to government monitoring and prompting him to abandon 
     the device.
       The story of the vicious leak that destroyed a valuable 
     intelligence operation was first reported by a best-selling 
     book, validated by the Sept. 11 commission and then repeated 
     by the president.
       But it appears fa be an urban myth.
       The al Qaeda leader's communication to aides via satellite 
     phone had already been reported in 1996--and the source of 
     the information was another government, the Taliban, which 
     ruled Afghanistan at the time.
       The second time a news organization reported on the 
     satellite phone, the source was bin Laden himself.
       Causal effects are hard to prove, but other factors could 
     have persuaded bin Laden to turn off his satellite phone in 
     August 1998. A day earlier, the United States had fired 
     dozens of cruise missiles at his training camps, missing him 
     by hours.
       Bush made his assertion at a news conference Monday, in 
     which he defended his authorization of warrantless monitoring 
     of communications between some U.S. citizens and suspected 
     terrorists overseas. He fumed that ``the fact that we were 
     following Osama bin Laden because he was using a certain type 
     of telephone made it into the press as the result of a 
     leak.'' He berated the media for ``revealing sources, methods 
     and what we use the information for'' and thus helping ``the 
     enemy'' change its operations.
       White House spokesman Scott McClellan said Monday that the 
     president was referring to an article that appeared in the 
     Washington Times on Aug. 21, 1998, the day after the cruise 
     missile attack, which was launched in retaliation for the 
     bombings of two U.S. embassies in Africa two weeks earlier. 
     The Sept. 11 commission also cited the article as ``a leak'' 
     that prompted bin Laden to stop using his satellite phone, 
     though it noted that he had added more bodyguards and began 
     moving his sleeping place ``frequently and unpredictably'' 
     after the missile attack.
       Two former Clinton administration officials first fingered 
     the Times article in a 2002 book, ``The Age of Sacred 
     Terror.'' Daniel Benjamin and Steven Simon wrote that after 
     the ``unabashed right-wing newspaper'' published the story, 
     bin Laden ``stopped using the satellite phone instantly'' and 
     ``the United States lost its best chance to find him.''
       The article, a profile of bin Laden, buried the information 
     about his satellite phone in the 21st paragraph. It never 
     said that the United States was listening in on bin Laden, as 
     the president alleged. The writer, Martin Sieff, said 
     yesterday that the information about the phone was ``already 
     in the public domain'' when he wrote the story.
       A search of media databases shows that Time magazine had 
     first reported on Dec. 16, 1996, that bin Laden ``uses 
     satellite phones to contact fellow Islamic militants in 
     Europe, the Middle East and Africa.'' Taliban officials 
     provided the information, with one official--security chief 
     Mulla Abdul Mannan Niazi--telling Time, ``He's in high 
     spirits.''
       The day before the Washington Times article was published--
     and the day of the attacks--CNN producer Peter Bergen 
     appeared on the network to talk about an interview he had 
     with bin Laden in 1997.
       ``He communicates by satellite phone, even though 
     Afghanistan in some levels is back in the Middle Ages and a 
     country that barely functions,'' Bergen said.
       Bergen noted that as early as 1997, bin Laden's men were 
     very concerned about electronic surveillance. ``They scanned 
     us electronically,'' he said, because they were worried that 
     anyone meeting with bin Laden ``might have some tracking 
     device from some intelligence agency.'' In 1996, the Chechen 
     insurgent leader Dzhokhar Dudayev was killed by a Russian 
     missile that locked in to his satellite phone signal.
       That same day, CBS reported that bin Laden used a satellite 
     phone to give a television interview. USA Today ran a profile 
     of bin Laden on the same day as the Washington Times's 
     article, quoting a former U.S. official about his ``fondness 
     for his cell phone.''
       It was not until Sept. 7, 1998--after bin Laden apparently 
     stopped using his phone--that a newspaper reported that the 
     United States had intercepted his phone calls and obtained 
     his voiceprint. U.S. authorities ``used their communications 
     intercept capacity to pick up calls placed by bin Laden on 
     his Inmarsat satellite phone, despite his apparent use of 
     electronic `scramblers,''' the Los Angeles Times reported.
       Officials could not explain yesterday why they focused on 
     the Washington Times story when other news organizations at 
     the same time reported on the satellite phone--and that the 
     information was not particularly newsworthy.
       ``You got me,'' said Benjamin, who was director for 
     counterterrorism on the National Security Council staff at 
     the time. ``That was the understanding in the White House and 
     the intelligence community. The story ran and the lights went 
     out.''
       Lee H. Hamilton, vice chairman of the Sept. 11 commission, 
     gave a speech in October in which he said the leak ``was 
     terribly damaging.'' Yesterday, he said the commission relied 
     on the testimony of three ``very responsible, very senior 
     intelligence officers,'' who he said ``linked the Times story 
     to the cessation of the use of the phone.'' He said they 
     described it as a very serious leak.
       But Hamilton said he did not recall any discussion about 
     other news outlets' reports. ``I cannot conceive we would 
     have singled out the Washington Times if we knew about all of 
     the reporting,'' he said.
       A White House official said last night the administration 
     was confident that press reports changed bin Laden's 
     behavior. CIA spokesman Tom Crispell declined to comment, 
     saying the question involves intelligence sources and 
     methods.

  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. OXLEY. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to recognize the gentleman from 
Alabama (Mr. Bachus) for 5 minutes.
  Mr. BACHUS. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of House Resolution 
895 by Chairman Oxley. I commend Chairman Oxley as the primary sponsor 
and author of the USA PATRIOT Act. He has been committed to combating 
terrorist financing, and I want to commend him for his tireless efforts 
in bringing this resolution to the floor.
  We are at war against a savage and relentless enemy. While Americans 
have a long-established right to know about the actions of their 
government, when we are at war, when there is a national security 
concern, there is also a well-founded historical precedent for 
conducting covert actions out of the media spotlight.
  Now, there can be alternatives, as the gentleman from Massachusetts 
said, but there can be no alternatives to a strong national defense. 
There can be no alternatives to a strong national security. And the 
judges of what those are and how to conduct those should not be left to 
the New York Times. They are for this body to determine.
  Following the death of Zarqawi, an internal al Qaeda memo was 
recovered from his hideout. It explicitly states that al Qaeda's 
efforts have been hurt by tightening the resistance's financial 
outlets. This statement serves as concrete evidence, concrete evidence 
that programs such as the administration's Terrorist Finance Tracking 
Program are both necessary and effective.
  Remember, the 9/11 Commission was critical of the government's 
failure to track the sources of terrorist financing prior to the 
September 11 attack. However, in its final report, the commission 
applauded the government-wide effort to combat terrorist financing 
after 9/11 for making significant strides in using terrorist finance as 
an intelligence tool.
  They were talking about this program. This program was an important 
stride.

                              {time}  1730

  Indeed, the program paid big dividends, including the arrest of the 
mastermind of the 2002 Bali bombing, a violent bombing that killed 202 
innocent people. In fact, he was convicted based on information from 
this program, a program The New York Times made a determination to 
expose.
  There is no doubt that America and our allies in the war on terror 
are safer

[[Page 13684]]

today because of this program, which is exactly the sort of protection 
that Americans want and expect from their government.
  Some question or debate whether al Qaeda knew about this valuable 
program. Do they know about it now? Do they know the details? The 
answer to the question is, yes, no doubt about it.
  How do they know? Because they put it on the front page of the 
newspaper. Not just any paper, but the largest newspaper in the biggest 
city in the United States.
  Who are they? They are the editors and publishers of The New York 
Times. If you are al Qaeda, the appropriate response to this 
publication is thank you. If you are indifferent, the answer is so 
what. But if you are an American citizen endangered by terrorists, the 
insensitivity, the arrogance, the irresponsibility of this paper and 
its publication, then the appropriate response is anger and outrage and 
this resolution.
  Now, due to their irresponsible actions, this vital intelligence-
gathering program is virtually defunct. No longer would terrorists 
conduct their financial business with the Swift cooperative. Sadly, no 
longer will we be able to track their actions. This clearly hampers, 
clearly hampers, our Nation's ability to conduct the war on terror.
  Hopefully, our intelligence agencies will devise other means to 
effectively monitor our enemies. It won't be easy. They will have to 
start over. We won't be restricting their financial operations as well 
as we did before this publication. But at least I would hope that if we 
do fashion a new program that it will not be reported by the media 
outlets who want to get a scoop ahead of national security.
  Let me close by thanking the chairman.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of House Resolution 895, which 
is sponsored by Chairman Oxley, expressing our support for the 
Administration's efforts to track terrorist financing through the U.S. 
Treasury Department's Terrorist Finance Tracking Program. Chairman 
Oxley--one of the primary authors and sponsors of the terrorist 
financing provisions in the USA PATRIOT Act--has been committed to 
combating terrorist financing, and I want to commend the Chairman for 
his tireless efforts and for bringing this resolution to the floor 
today.
  We are at war with a savage and relentless enemy. While Americans 
have a long-established right to know about the actions of their 
government, when we are at war and when there is an overriding national 
security concern, there is also a well-founded historical precedent for 
conducting covert actions out of the media spotlight.
  Following the death of Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, an internal al-Qaeda 
memo was recovered from the terrorist's hideout. It explicitly states 
that al Qaeda's efforts have been hurt ``by tightening the resistance's 
financial outlets.'' This statement serves as concrete evidence that 
programs such as the Administration's Terrorist Finance Tracking 
Program are both necessary and effective.
  Remember, the 9/11 Commission was critical of the government for its 
failure to track the sources of terrorist financing prior to the 
September 11th attacks. However, in its final report, the Commission's 
Public Discourse Project applauded the government-wide effort to combat 
terrorist financing after 9/11 for making ``significant strides in 
using terrorism finance as an intelligence tool.'' This program was one 
such important stride.
  Indeed, the program paid big dividends, including the arrest of the 
mastermind of the 2002 Bali bombing, a bombing in which 202 innocent 
people were killed. In fact, he was convicted based on information from 
this program.
  There is no doubt that America and our allies in the war on terror 
are safer today because of this program, which is exactly the sort of 
protection that Americans want and expect from their government to 
prevent further terrorist attacks.
  Some question or debate whether al-Qaeda knows about this valuable 
program. Do they know about it? Do they know the details? The answer to 
the questions is ``yes.'' No doubt about it. How do we know that? 
Because they put it on the front page of the newspaper. Not just any 
paper, but the largest newspaper in the biggest city of the United 
States.
  Who are they? The editor and publisher of that very paper.
  If you are al-Qaeda, the appropriate response is, ``thank you.''
  If you are indifferent, the answer is, ``so what?''
  If you are an American citizen endangered by the insensitivity, 
arrogance and irresponsibility of this newspaper, the appropriate 
response is anger and outrage!
  Now, due to their irresponsible actions, this vital intelligence 
gathering program is virtually defunct. No longer will terrorists 
conduct their financial business with the Swift cooperative, and sadly 
no longer will we be able to track their actions. This result clearly 
hampers our nation's ability to conduct the War on Terror.
  Hopefully, our intelligence agencies will devise other means of 
effectively monitoring our enemies and restricting their financial 
operations at least until that program, too, is reported by media 
outlets that place getting a scoop ahead of national security. 
Outrageous conduct such as that exhibited in the disclosure of this 
legal, effective program cannot be allowed to escape just condemnation. 
Therefore, this resolution.
  Let me close by again thanking this Administration and Chairman Oxley 
for their efforts in combating terrorist financing. Their dedication 
and vigilance with regard to these issues have made our nation and the 
world a safer place.
  I urge my colleagues to support House Resolution 895.
  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 minute to the 
leader, the gentlewoman from California (Ms. Pelosi).
  Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Speaker, as we approach the Fourth of July, that 
wonderful holiday where we celebrate America's Declaration of 
Independence, we must recall that our Founding Fathers understood and 
placed in our founding documents the important balance between liberty 
and security.
  In that spirit, at the outset, let me reiterate that we all, 
Democrats and Republicans alike, support two principles. First, we 
support effective tools to fight terrorism, including the tracking of 
terrorist financing here and abroad under all applicable laws. Second, 
no one here condones disclosure of information that harms our vital 
national interest and makes locating terrorists and terrorist networks 
and disrupting their plans more difficult.
  These basic principles and their frames, liberty and security, are 
contained in a balanced way in the substitute resolution offered by the 
distinguished gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. Frank). Mr. Frank's 
resolution should have been permitted by the rule to be considered 
today.
  But, again, in this closed Congress that we are in, we cannot 
consider alternatives. We can't even have a motion to recommit. I don't 
know what is so good about that as we go into the Fourth of July. But 
let us talk about the Republican resolution.
  The Republican resolution before us today is quite clearly a document 
for political purposes. It makes sweeping and dubious conclusions on 
the facts and legality of the financial transaction surveillance 
program, unsupported by any fact-finding or oversight, and based upon 
representations by the President.
  In a free society, we all have our roles and responsibilities. As 
public officials, we must safeguard our lawful intelligence activities, 
many of which have been conducted in secret. We respect that.
  Our media, of course, have their public responsibilities. A free 
press is centered on reporting on the workings of government and on 
being alert, aware and free. They have an obligation to be responsible 
about their reporting of national security and to balance any reporting 
with the harm of disclosure.
  Mr. Speaker, the Bush administration lacks credibility when it comes 
to complaining about leaks. The administration's record, and that of 
this Republican Congress, are marked by selective disclosures of 
classified information and selective expressions of displeasure over 
leaks.
  When the identity of an undercover CIA officer was disclosed by high-
ranking members of the administration in the White House, as part of a 
smear campaign against a critic of the Iraq war, the President did not 
fire any of the leakers. In fact, one of them was actually promoted. As 
Special Prosecutor Fitzgerald has told us, this disclosure could cause 
severe damage and irreparable harm to our national security.

[[Page 13685]]

  Similarly, it was recently revealed that President Bush himself was 
alleged to have authorized for political purposes the selective leaking 
of intelligence information in a National Security Estimate.
  Where was the outrage and the oversight from this Republican 
Congress? Nowhere to be seen. Repeatedly, this Republican Congress has 
spurned resolutions of inquiry and neglected congressional oversight 
responsibility to get to the bottom of leaks by the Bush 
administration.
  So let us take this resolution for what it is. It is a campaign 
document. The Republican resolution contains a number of statements 
that simply cannot be factually confirmed and are not the result of 
congressional fact-finding or rigorous congressional oversight. The 
Republican resolution also contains a number of statements regarding 
the legality of the program and the safeguards it claims protects 
individual rights.
  Let me just read what that is. This resolution finds that the 
Terrorist Financed Tracking Program has been conducted in accordance 
with all applicable laws, regulations, and Executive Orders, that 
appropriate safeguards and reviews have been instituted to protect 
individual civil liberties, and that Congress has been appropriately 
informed and consulted for the duration of the Program and will 
continue its oversight of the Program.
  Continue its oversight of the program? There has never been any 
oversight of the program. The fact is, because there has never been any 
oversight of the program, there isn't one person in this body who will 
vote on this resolution who can attest to this statement. You are 
asking us to vote on something that we absolutely cannot attest to. Not 
any one of you can attest to this as a fact, because it isn't a fact.
  So let us just go to where we began, to our founders, liberty and 
security. As I said before, when the identity of an undercover CIA 
officer was disclosed by high-ranking members of the administration as 
part of a smear tactic, nothing was done. Nothing was done by this 
Congress in terms of oversight. Nothing has been done.
  The Frank substitute does not contain any of these unsupported 
conclusions. The Frank substitute is a resolution that is balanced and 
accurate and should command the support of all Members.
  I intend to vote against this resolution. I wish that we could have 
the chance to vote for Mr. Frank's resolution. I think that would have 
been in keeping with the intentions of our Founding Fathers.
  But let us keep in mind their constant admonition that in order to 
have security, we must have freedom. In order to have freedom, we must 
have security. We must have balance. This resolution does not.
  Mr. OXLEY. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that the Chair be 
authorized to reduce to 5 minutes the minimum time for electronic 
voting, if ordered, on passage of H.R. 4761.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. LaHood). Is there objection to the 
request of the gentleman from Ohio?
  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Reserving the right to object.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman is recognized on his 
reservation.
  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. I reserve the right to object. We are 
being asked to move this very quickly, I guess, because of the baseball 
game.
  If we could get the right to get a vote on our substitute, I wouldn't 
object. But as long as we aren't even being allowed to have a vote on 
our substitute, I don't know why we should be asked to hurry up the 
proceedings.
  I would ask the gentleman if we could get unanimous consent now, in 
addition to this, to allow us to present our substitute. If we could 
get unanimous consent for that, then I would have no objection to this.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Does the gentleman object?
  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. I will object now.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Objection is heard.
  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. I ask unanimous consent that the House 
allow us to present our substitute for a vote.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the 
gentleman from Massachusetts?
  Mr. OXLEY. I object, and I withdraw my unanimous consent request.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield 5 minutes to the gentleman from Kansas (Mr. 
Tiahrt).
  Mr. TIAHRT. Mr. Speaker, we are a Nation at war. As a member of the 
Intelligence Committee, I am aware of many of the Nation's most 
important efforts to fight and win this war. I pay close attention to 
our antiterrorist programs, particularly when the details are revealed 
without proper authorization and our best efforts are rendered 
ineffective.
  I see a trend developing in the growing number of unauthorized 
disclosures of classified information. In the past few months, we have 
read countless articles revealing details and making allegations about 
a host of sensitive national security programs, from the President's 
Terrorist Surveillance Program to the Terrorist Finance Tracking 
Program.
  Each time, individuals who lack the fortitude to publicly take 
responsibility for their actions have leaked the details about these 
classified programs. Each time, the news media gladly aids and abets 
them by publishing whatever secret that will sell another paper. I am 
shocked by the easy attitude of many in the media towards disclosing 
our Nation's secrets.
  This past Sunday, June 25, the executive editor of The New York Times 
wrote a letter to the readers about the newspaper's decision to publish 
the details of the Terrorist Finance Tracking program. For me, the 
editor perfectly summed up the prevailing attitude of the media elite.
  He wrote, ``The question we start with as journalists is not `why 
publish?' but `why would we withhold information of significance?' We 
have sometimes done so, holding stories or editing out details that 
could serve those hostile to the United States. But we need a 
compelling reason to do so.''
  Frankly, Mr. Speaker, I take issue with that kind of arrogance. I can 
offer quite a few compelling reasons.
  First, it is against the law.
  Second, it puts our citizens at risk.
  Third, publishing secrets in the open press cripples our capability 
to stop terrorists.
  But don't just take my word for it. The WMD Commission reported this 
very fact to the President, and the Commission's precise language is 
quoted in the preamble to this resolution.
  Fourth, publishing secrets in the open press costs us the cooperation 
of our allies.
  I mentioned earlier that we are a Nation at war, but we are not alone 
in this war. The intelligence services of our allies cooperate with us 
and share their sense of information with us upon mutual understanding 
that this information won't be revealed.
  When the secrets provided to us by our allies wind up on the front 
page, that sense of trust is deeply fractured. We appear unable to keep 
a secret. Our allies get hurt when they tried to help. They will be 
less likely to cooperate with us on sensitive intelligence matters in 
the future for fear of compromising their own sources and methods.
  Finally, publishing secrets in the open press undermines people's 
confidence in the intelligence community. The American people support 
the extraordinary lengths which our government has gone to defend the 
Nation against the terrorists on September 11. Moreover, the American 
people rightly believe that our intelligence service, like our 
military, is the best in the world. The late Mr. Zarqawi could have 
attested to both sentiments.
  However, when our secrets get published, the public's confidence in 
the intelligence community starts to ebb. Our intelligence community 
appears incompetent, unable to maintain the secrecy essential to carry 
out the mission. Our intelligence community also appears to be unsure 
of itself.
  Mr. Speaker, I have no doubt about our efforts to fight the 
terrorists. Our House Intelligence Committee has conducted extensive 
oversight of sensitive

[[Page 13686]]

anti-terror programs, including three briefings on the Terrorist 
Surveillance Program. We have had one briefing on the Terrorist Finance 
Tracking Program.
  Mr. Speaker, I will like to make a note that the gentlewoman from 
California said there were no briefings on this information. I 
personally have had a briefing and also six on these various detainee 
issues. Unquestionably, these programs are legal, and they were very 
effective.
  It is my hope, Mr. Speaker, that the Department of Justice convene a 
grand jury, provide immunity to the newspapers, the editors and 
reporters, if and only if they would reveal their government sources 
for these classified leaks.
  We need to make clear to the men and women of our intelligence 
agencies, to our allies and to the American people that these leaks 
must and will stop. We need to make clear to those members of the news 
media that publishing leaks of sensitive national security information 
will not be tolerated.

                              {time}  1745

  This resolution does just that. I offer my support, and I urge my 
colleagues in the House to do the same.
  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself 15 seconds to 
note that the substitute resolution we are being prevented from even 
allowing to be debated and voted on also condemns the unauthorized leak 
of information, and it just does it without the praise which we do not 
think has yet been substantiated for the Bush administration.
  I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Michigan (Mr. Conyers).
  (Mr. CONYERS asked and was given permission to revise and extend his 
remarks.)
  Mr. CONYERS. Mr. Speaker, I want to begin by commending the gentleman 
from Massachusetts for the resolution he can't bring to the floor. I am 
proud to be a sponsor. And it starts off supporting intelligence and 
law enforcement programs to track terrorists and terrorist finances 
conducted consistent with Federal law and with appropriate 
congressional consultation. What's wrong with that? What makes the 
Republican majority not want to hear the discussion on this amendment? 
Well, there may be some motive political about this selective crying 
out about information.
  The SWIFT story bears no resemblance to security breaches, disclosure 
of troop locations, or anything that would compromise the security of 
individuals. As a matter of fact, I will insert into the Record the New 
York Times editorial of June 28, 2006.
  Mr. Speaker, I want to point out further, where were these screams 
when the Los Angeles Times gave out information on this subject matter? 
Other newspapers, the Wall Street Journal came out. Nothing was said 
there. But now we are really worked up.
  But why weren't we worked up when the information was published when 
Judith Miller published her so-called scoops on weapons of mass 
destruction in Iraq? Or the leaking of the identity of an undercover 
CIA agent? By the way, that is already a felony, as it already exists.
  I cannot support the Oxley resolution. I urge my colleagues to vote 
``no'' also.
  It is clear this resolution is rebuking the New York Times for 
publishing information on the Government's access to banking records. 
In the myriad ``leaks'' that have been published in the press since 9/
11, why is the House acting now, on this issue?
  Because it is politically convenient to do so. When Judith Miller 
published her so called ``scoops'' on Weapons of Mass Destruction in 
Iraq, where was the majority then? Where was the call for 
investigation?
  How about leaking the identity of an undercover CIA agent in an 
attempt to discredit her husband who was critical of the 
administration? I believe this House refused to take a stand on that 
issue numerous times, despite clear evidence that the Vice President 
personally leaked information.
  It is clear that the majority would like to pick and choose which 
national security information can be reported on by the press. I'd like 
to remind them that under the First Amendment, that is not their 
prerogative. That is the consequence of a free press--it will sometimes 
print stories that the Government disapproves of.
  There are already laws on the books criminalizing the leaking of 
classified information. This resolution is absolutely useless in the 
fair and thorough application of those laws to recent leaks.
  In fact, the only purpose of this resolution is to chill freedom of 
the press, and put reporters and their papers on notice that the 
Republican majority will come for anyone who doesn't clear their 
stories with the administration first.
  We all took an oath to uphold the Constitution. Therefore I cannot 
support legislation that on the one hand wholesale approves of a secret 
surveillance program none of us know about, and takes a jab at the 
First Amendment on the other.

                [From the New York Times, June 28, 2006]

                        Patriotism and the Press

                      (By Eric M. Tamarkin, Esq.)

       Over the last year, The New York Times has twice published 
     reports about secret antiterrorism programs being run by the 
     Bush administration. Both times, critics have claimed that 
     the paper was being unpatriotic or even aiding the 
     terrorists. Some have even suggested that it should be 
     indicted under the Espionage Act. There have been a handful 
     of times in American history when the government has indeed 
     tried to prosecute journalists for publishing things it 
     preferred to keep quiet. None of them turned out well--from 
     the Sedition Act of 1798 to the time when the government 
     tried to enjoin The Times and The Washington Post from 
     publishing the Pentagon Papers.
       As most of our readers know, there is a large wall between 
     the news and opinion operations of this paper, and we were 
     not part of the news side's debates about whether to publish 
     the latest story under contention--a report about how the 
     government tracks international financial transfers through a 
     banking consortium known as Swift in an effort to pinpoint 
     terrorists. Bill Keller, the executive editor, spoke for the 
     newsroom very clearly. Our own judgments about the uproar 
     that has ensued would be no different if the other papers 
     that published the story, including The Los Angeles Times and 
     The Wall Street Journal, had acted alone.
       The Swift story bears no resemblance to security breaches, 
     like disclosure of troop locations, that would clearly 
     compromise the immediate safety of specific individuals. 
     Terrorist groups would have had to be fairly credulous not to 
     suspect that they would be subject to scrutiny if they moved 
     money around through international wire transfers. In fact, a 
     United Nations group set up to monitor Al Qaeda and the 
     Taliban after Sept. 11 recommended in 2002 that other 
     countries should follow the United States' lead in monitoring 
     suspicious transactions handled by Swift. The report is 
     public and available on the United Nations Web site.
       But any argument by the government that a story is too 
     dangerous to publish has to be taken seriously. There have 
     been times in this paper's history when editors have decided 
     not to print something they knew. In some cases, like the 
     Kennedy administration's plans for the disastrous Bay of Pigs 
     invasion, it seems in hindsight that the editors were over-
     cautious. (Certainly President Kennedy thought so.) Most 
     recently, The Times held its reporting about the government's 
     secret antiterror wiretapping program for more than a year 
     while it weighed administration objections.
       Our news colleagues work under the assumption that they 
     should let the people know anything important that the 
     reporters learn, unless there is some grave and overriding 
     reason for withholding the information. They try hard not to 
     base those decisions on political calculations, like whether 
     a story would help or hurt the administration. It is 
     certainly unlikely that anyone who wanted to hurt the Bush 
     administration politically would try to do so by writing 
     about the government's extensive efforts to make it difficult 
     for terrorists to wire large sums of money.
       From our side of the news-opinion wall, the Swift story 
     looks like part of an alarming pattern. Ever since Sept. 11, 
     the Bush administration has taken the necessity of heightened 
     vigilance against terrorism and turned it into a rationale 
     for an extraordinarily powerful executive branch, exempt from 
     the normal checks and balances of our system of government. 
     It has created powerful new tools of surveillance and 
     refused, almost as a matter of principle, to use normal 
     procedures that would acknowledge that either Congress or the 
     courts have an oversight role.
       The Swift program, like the wiretapping program, has been 
     under way for years with no restrictions except those that 
     the executive branch chooses to impose on itself--or, in the 
     case of Swift, that the banks themselves are able to demand. 
     This seems to us very much the sort of thing the other 
     branches of government, and the public, should be nervously 
     aware of. We would have been very happy if Congressman Peter 
     King, the Long Island Republican who has been so vocal in 
     citing the Espionage Act, had been as aggressive in 
     encouraging his colleagues to do the oversight job they were 
     elected to do.

[[Page 13687]]

       The United States will soon be marking the fifth 
     anniversary of the war on terror. The country is in this for 
     the long haul, and the fight has to be coupled with a 
     commitment to individual liberties that define America's side 
     in the battle. A half-century ago, the country endured a long 
     period of amorphous, global vigilance against an enemy who 
     was suspected of boring from within, and history suggests 
     that under those conditions, it is easy to err on the side of 
     security and secrecy. The free press has a central place in 
     the Constitution because it can provide information the 
     public needs to make things right again. Even if it runs the 
     risk of being labeled unpatriotic in the process.

  Mr. OXLEY. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 3 minutes to the 
gentleman, Mr. King of New York, chairman of the Committee on Homeland 
Security.
  Mr. KING of New York. Mr. Speaker, I am proud to speak in support of 
this resolution.
  Mr. Speaker, this is a critical time in our Nation's history. Our 
Nation is at war, and we have seen serial leaks of very important 
classified top secret information. It is almost as if we are shadow 
boxing. We are talking about it in a moot court-type way or a 
theoretical way.
  The fact is lives are at risk. The fact is in this particular 
situation, by the New York Times' own account it was a program that was 
working. It was a program for which the Times has raised no questions 
of illegality. It is a program under which the administration, the 
Secretary of the Treasury, the two cochairmen of the 9/11 Commission 
went to the New York Times and asked them, in the interest of national 
security, not to release the details of this program. But they went 
ahead and did it anyway. And that really, to me, casts a motive over 
why, questions the motive of the New York Times in doing this.
  Back in December I strongly objected when they leaked the details of 
the NSA terrorist surveillance program. At least, in that instance, the 
Times raised what they thought were questions of legality. But that 
didn't even exist in this current situation which, to me, goes to the 
heart of an issue here, is what is the obligation of a newspaper, how 
absolute is the first amendment.
  My belief in a democratic society, where there is always friction 
between freedom and responsibility, and while we give extensive rein to 
the first amendment, to freedom of speech, freedom of the press, no 
freedom can be absolute. With freedom comes responsibility. And to me 
the New York Times has clearly crossed that line of responsibility. 
Those who leaked the information, yes, they should certainly be 
prosecuted. To get to them is going to be very difficult to do, unless, 
as the gentleman from Kansas pointed out, reporters and editors are 
brought in before a grand jury and threatened with contempt if they do 
not disclose the names of their sources.
  Then we will see if those who say they are so opposed to leaks will 
stand up and support that. Because reporters should not be sacrosanct. 
Newspapers should not be sacrosanct. It is fine to launch special 
investigations and hire special prosecutors to go after any other 
person in the country. But as soon as anyone focuses on the media, 
focuses on the New York Times, or the L.A. Times, or the Wall Street 
Journal, then panic sets in, as if special walls of protection must be 
set up around them. They are not entitled to that.
  To me they have a responsibility. The New York Times has woefully 
failed in its responsibility. I say the jury might still be out on the 
L.A. Times and the Wall Street Journal as to whether or not, what their 
motives were. Did they only follow because the New York Times went 
first? I don't know. But no one should be immune from investigation 
here. They should be looked into very, very carefully. We should go 
after the leakers. And to me, the New York Times, is not just the 
facilitator of the leakers, they are coconspirators of the leakers 
because it was leaked to the Times and the Times leaked it to the 
American people and to the world. And because of that, our position as 
a Nation is weaker. Our people are at risk. Our people suffer and face 
the further suffering and death, and that will be on the hands of the 
New York Times. That blood will be on their hands.
  I urge adoption of the resolution.
  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the 
ranking member of the Intelligence Committee.
  Ms. HARMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise to oppose this resolution and to 
support a more responsible alternative, which, unfortunately, is not 
made in order for debate.
  Mr. Speaker, there is not a single Member of this body who thinks 
tracking terrorist finances is a bad idea. As the 9/11 Commission said, 
``follow the money.''
  But any intelligence program, no matter how critical to national 
security, must comply with law and the Constitution. The Supreme Court 
ruled today in the Hamdan case that no President has unlimited powers; 
no President is above the law, even in matters of national security.
  Although this program has been operating for over 4 years, virtually 
no one in this House knew about it, and there has been absolutely no 
oversight. Two Members were briefed in 2002 when the program began. One 
Member in 2003, two in 2005, that is a total of five. And now several 
dozen more, including me, last month, only after it became clear that 
the program had leaked. The only reason I and others were briefed is 
the administration wanted to stay ahead of the press curve.
  Mr. Speaker, if you vote for the Oxley resolution, you are certifying 
that the program is in full compliance with all applicable law. As 
previous speakers have pointed out, the second finding of the 
resolution states the program has been conducted in accordance with all 
applicable laws, regulations, and executive orders; appropriate 
safeguards and reviews have been instituted to protect individual civil 
liberties, and Congress has been appropriately informed and consulted.
  How can you know this? I don't know this. No Member has been briefed 
more than once. No hearings have been held and no reports issued.
  Moreover, I feel this White House will use a ``yes'' vote as an 
authorization for further programs, scope unknown.
  Mr. Speaker, I won't go there. Remember the authorization to use 
military force in Afghanistan? Until today, in the Hamdan decision, the 
White House has been using that vote to support unlimited detention as 
well as the NSA program.
  There are some legitimate issues raised by this resolution. Leaks can 
get people killed. Those who leak highly sensitive intelligence 
information can damage our national security. The resolution many of us 
wanted to offer makes this clear. But if we prosecute newspapers and 
erode the first amendment, we will end up killing our Constitution.
  In May, the House Intelligence Committee held open hearings on the 
role and responsibilities of the media in national security. We 
received over 25 submissions for the record, and the overwhelming 
sentiment was to tread lightly on action that could chill our first 
amendment freedoms.
  Mr. Speaker, as I said in that hearing, if anyone wants to live in a 
society where journalists are thrown in prison, I encourage them to 
move to Cuba, China or North Korea to see if they feel safer.
  This resolution asks Congress to give the administration another 
blank check. It is unworthy.
  Mr. OXLEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield 5 minutes to the chairman of the 
Intelligence Committee, the gentleman from Michigan (Mr. Hoekstra).
  Mr. HOEKSTRA. Mr. Speaker, I would like to thank my colleague from 
California, the ranking member on the Intelligence Committee, for the 
work that we have done together on leaks, and I think the approach that 
we have taken on the committee.
  We, today, are on different sides. I rise in strong support of this 
measure.
  Just a week ago, this program was one of the most highly classified 
and sensitive intelligence programs of our Nation. Former 9/11 
Commission Chairman Tom Kean said that the idea of a U.S. having a tap 
into this type of information would have been, quote, impossible to 
believe, end of quote.

[[Page 13688]]

  There is little dispute that the program is lawful. It is 
appropriate, and it has been an effective tool to identify terrorists 
and their financial networks. The Intelligence Committee has been 
briefed, has been conducting oversight.
  My colleague has talked a little bit about the Members that were 
briefed. But also it is important to note, and as many of us know, much 
of the work that is done on any committee in the House or on the Senate 
side, there is significant work that is done by staff. Nine staff 
members, joint House, Senate, 9/11 inquiry staff, were briefed in May 
of 2002. HPSCI consistently, in 2002, 2003, twice in 2005 and three 
times in 2006, have been briefed on this program. The program has had 
extensive exposure to staff and to Members.
  A week ago, this program was only about one thing, finding our 
enemies and keeping Americans safe. If it had been talked about in a 
secret setting or in a public setting, it would have violated the law, 
the rules of the House. Today I am not only talking about it; it seems 
like everyone in America may be talking about it. And the interesting 
thing is that perhaps the group that is most closely watching this and 
trying to understand exactly what this program may be capable of doing 
are our terrorist enemies. They are now aware of what we are doing.
  Sure, we told them after 2002 we are going to track you financially, 
we are going to try to intercept your communications. We are going to 
try to find you in Afghanistan. We are going to try to find you 
wherever you may be. Sure, they knew that. But they never had the 
details of the specific tools that would be at our disposal to help us 
catch them, to help us stop their funding streams and enable us to go 
out and make sure that they could not attack us again successfully. 
That tool has now been compromised, along with other tools.
  That is a disappointment. The newspapers bear a responsibility for 
that. I find it very interesting that as we go through this process, 
the New York Times has decided that on their part, they went through a 
process that indicated that now it is okay to release this information. 
We don't know what process that is. Some of us have had experiences 
with the New York Times before where they were going, quote, unquote, 
through their process. And it is a very, very questionable process that 
they go through, but we don't know and they don't talk about that 
process.
  They don't talk about who they talk to. They don't talk about what 
information is provided to them, and they do not talk about what 
information they provide to the sources or to the people that they may 
be seeking information from.
  I would love the New York Times to do an expose of their program and 
their review process that led them to this decision to publish this 
program. I would also like to see the expose of the process that they 
went through and the deliberative process and the information that they 
shared when they made the decision to go public with the terrorist 
surveillance program.

                              {time}  1800

  I think it would be enlightening to the American people to understand 
their process as they make these very, very critical decisions that 
have an impact on our national security.
  And, finally, we do need to focus on finding the people that leaked 
this information, whether they are in the intelligence community, 
whether they are somewhere else, in the executive branch, or whether 
they are in Congress. I think we have a mutual goal and objective to 
stop these leaks, to do effective oversight, and to make sure that the 
intelligence community is working within the box that we have set. That 
function is the responsibility of the House and the Senate. It is not a 
function of America's press to go through that process in a way that is 
unaccountable to us and to the American people.
  I urge my colleagues to support this resolution.
  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself 10 seconds.
  I note that several on the other side have said, yes, it is true al 
Qaeda and the terrorists knew we were going to be tracking them 
financially. They just didn't know that would involve bank records. 
That seems to me wholly implausible.
  Mr. Chairman, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from Maryland (Mr. 
Hoyer), the minority whip.
  Mr. HOYER. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that H. Res. 900 be 
included in the Record at this point in time.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the 
gentleman from Maryland?
  There was no objection.

                              H. Res. 900

       Whereas the United States is currently engaged in a global 
     war on terrorism to prevent future attacks against American 
     civilian and military interests at home and abroad;
       Whereas intelligence programs are essential to gathering 
     critical information necessary for identifying, disrupting, 
     and capturing terrorists before they carry out further 
     attacks;
       Whereas there is a national security imperative for 
     maintaining the secrecy of our legitimate intelligence 
     capabilities;
       Whereas effective intelligence depends on cooperation with 
     foreign governments and individuals who trust the United 
     States to protect their confidences;
       Whereas the unauthorized disclosure of sensitive 
     intelligence information, including the names of clandestine 
     service officers of the Central Intelligence Agency, inflicts 
     significant damage to United States activities in the global 
     war on terrorism;
       Whereas following the September 11, 2001, terrorist 
     attacks, Congress passed the USA PATRIOT Act, which included 
     anti-terrorist financing provisions that bolster Federal 
     Government and law enforcement capabilities to find and 
     disrupt the financiers of terrorist organizations;
       Whereas following the September 11, 2001, terrorist 
     attacks, the President directed the Federal Government to use 
     all appropriate measures to identify, track, and pursue not 
     only those persons who commit terrorist acts here and abroad, 
     but also those who provide financial or other support for 
     terrorist activity;
       Whereas consistent with this directive, the United States 
     Government initiated a classified Terrorist Finance Tracking 
     Program and the Secretary of the Treasury issued subpoenas to 
     gather information on suspected international terrorists 
     through bank transaction information;
       Whereas a few Members of Congress were notified of the 
     existence of the Terrorist Finance Tracking Program, with 
     most notifications taking place only after an intent to 
     publish stories about the program was communicated;
       Whereas Congress has authorized the Secretary of the 
     Treasury to explore the implementation of systems to review 
     all cross-border wire transactions;
       Whereas the bipartisan 9/11 Commission recommended that 
     ``Vigorous efforts to track terrorist financing must remain 
     front and center in U.S. counterterrorism efforts''; and
       Whereas persons in positions of trust and responsibility 
     granted access to highly sensitive intelligence programs 
     should not violate their solemn obligations not to disclose 
     classified information: Now, therefore, be it
       Resolved, That the House of Representatives--
       (1) supports efforts to identify, track, and pursue 
     suspected foreign terrorists and their financial supporters 
     by tracking terrorist money flows and uncovering terrorist 
     networks here and abroad in accordance with existing 
     applicable law, but notes that the expression of such support 
     in this resolution should not be construed as providing 
     additional authority for such efforts; and
       (2) expresses concern that the unauthorized disclosure of 
     classified information may have made efforts to locate 
     terrorists and terrorist networks, and disrupt their plans, 
     more difficult.

  Mr. HOYER. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of H. Res. 900.
  Let me read H. Res. 900's opening resolution: ``Supporting 
intelligence and law enforcement programs to track terrorists and 
terrorist finances conducted consistent with Federal law and with 
appropriate congressional consultation.''
  Everybody in this body supports tracking terrorists. Everybody.
  The gentleman who chairs the Intelligence Committee just talked about 
process. Neither the New York Times nor the Los Angeles Times nor the 
Wall Street Journal raise their hands and swear to defend the 
Constitution and protect the laws of the United States of America. We 
do that, and we have processes to determine how best to do that.
  We are at war, and we ought to be united, and I will lament the fact 
that

[[Page 13689]]

the Republican leadership continually presents resolutions designed to 
divide rather than to bring us together. There was not one second of 
hearing on the resolution before this body, not one. There was no 
process. There was no oversight. There was no fact-finding. There was 
no way to determine what, in fact, the facts are.
  We are not the newspapers. We have sworn an oath before God and to 
our constituents to do our work in a way that protects and defends the 
Constitution and the statutes of this land. You have not done that. You 
have not brought us together. You have not said let us come together on 
a resolution. Not only that, but we have an alternative. I have read 
you its preamble, which accomplishes the same objective you want but 
without adopting premises that none of us, not one of the 435 of us, 
know that those premises are accurate.
  I tell my friend, the gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Oxley), he has not had 
one minute of hearings in his committee on this resolution, not one.
  Is that responsible? Is that the way the people of the United States 
want us to carry out important functions of government when we are at 
war? I think not. I think they expect more of us. We do not honor this 
institution or its processes or our Constitution by the actions we take 
today on this floor.
  I will oppose this resolution, but I will support H.R. 900, which 
says very clearly and emphatically that we want to determine what 
terrorists are doing. We want to intercept the information from 
financial institutions that further a conspiracy to create terror and 
injury and damage to our country and to our people. But we should have 
done it, I tell the chairman, in a collegial way, in a cooperative way, 
in a partnership against terrorism, not in a partisan effort to divide 
and to make political points.
  Mr. OXLEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1\1/2\ minutes to the gentleman from 
Arizona (Mr. Hayworth).
  Mr. HAYWORTH. Mr. Speaker, when your house is on fire, do you hold a 
hearing? When you need emergency treatment, do you take time for a 
hearing?
  I rise in support of this resolution because at times we need not be 
prisoners of process but instead champions of policy.
  What is past is prologue. The year 1944, early in that year, General 
Dwight David Eisenhower steps before the war correspondents and says, 
with reference to D Day, Fellows, I want you to know it is going to be 
in early June.
  The war correspondents to a man stopped writing. One asks, General, 
why did you tell us?
  And Ike responds, Because you are good Americans and I know you won't 
endanger the lives of other Americans.
  The question before this House is just that stark and just that 
simple. In wartime, despite partisan differences, will we stand 
together knowing that information is sensitive in wartime and some 
information should remain secret to protect the American people? That 
is all this resolution says, that we abhor the leaks and that they must 
stop and together we must win this effort. Our future depends on it.
  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself 10 seconds.
  If that was all the resolution had said, we wouldn't be here. It also 
says that the Bush administration has carried this out in a perfect 
fashion. And yet you can have hearings during a war. Harry Truman 
showed how to do that and made for himself a great reputation and 
helped the war effort.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield for the purpose of making a unanimous consent 
request to the gentlewoman from Texas (Ms. Jackson-Lee).
  Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the Frank 
amendment because I believe I can embrace security and freedom and 
liberty.
  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2\1/2\ minutes to 
the dean of the House, who is a man of great experience in how to 
handle these conflicting issues, the gentleman from Michigan (Mr. 
Dingell).
  Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, there is no one in this Chamber or in this 
body that is not a loyal American and does not want to see to it that 
our troops, our Nation, and our security is protected. But this is not 
the way to do it.
  This resolution is conceived in sin, and it is brought forward to us 
without an opportunity to consider it or discuss it properly. No 
hearings, no opportunity to amend, not adequate discussion, not an 
opportunity for a motion to recommit. All done in a closed fashion, 
sprung on this body with no time to consider. The end result: The 
opinion has to be that this is a clear, bald-faced attempt to strangle 
criticism of this administration. This is an attempt to silence the 
press.
  I would quote to you what Tom Jefferson had to say some years ago: 
``I am for freedom of the press and against all violations of the 
Constitution to silence by force and not by reason the complaints or 
criticisms, just or unjust, of our citizens against the conduct of 
their agents.''
  Now, beyond that, Herbert Hoover: ``Absolute freedom of the press to 
discuss public questions is a cornerstone of American liberty.''
  That is what we are talking about here, the first 10 amendments, the 
Bill of Rights of the Constitution.
  This administration is perhaps the most deceitful and dishonest that 
I have seen in the 50 years I have served in this body. They either do 
not know what they are talking about or they deliberately mislead. They 
told us about the weapons of mass destruction in Iraq. They told us 
about Iraqi connection to al Qaeda. They asked us to believe that the 
giving of no-bid contracts to Halliburton, which wastes billions of 
dollars, are in the public interest. They tell us that the insurgency 
is in its last throes. They tell us that they are protecting our civil 
liberties while they are tapping our phones and spying in our libraries 
and looking into our bank accounts. They tell us to trust them on 
everything because they are protecting our civil liberties.
  Well, I don't think I can trust this administration to protect my 
civil liberties or those of the people that I serve. And I certainly 
don't believe that the majority has shown that we can trust them 
because they are not having a fair or decent debate on this. They are 
bringing to the floor a bill under a gag rule to gag the press, to 
intimidate the press, and to see to it that the one agency in this 
country that is telling the people the truth about what is going on 
over in Iraq and elsewhere and the functions of this administration is 
denied the opportunity to come forward and to tell the truth so that 
the people may know of the follies and abuses of this administration.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise to denounce this resolution that we have before 
us today. I denounce it because, it is not only inaccurate--and 
inaccuracies have no place in carefully considered legislation--but 
also because I believe that it is a pernicious attack on the very 
foundation of a free society.
  It is impossible to have a democracy without a free vibrant press, 
the claims of this Administration not withstanding.
  It is the press that keeps our government transparent, and policy 
makers honest.
  It is the press that informs the public, and we should have nothing 
to fear from an enlightened population.
  In fact, what we should fear is a public that takes its cues from 
politicians rather than newspapers.
  Over two-hundred years ago Thomas Jefferson said, ``I am for freedom 
of the press, and against all violations of the Constitution to silence 
by force and not by reason the complaints or criticisms, just or 
unjust, of our citizens against the conduct of their agents.''
  Almost a century ago Walter Lipman wrote, ``A free press is not a 
privilege, but an organic necessity in a great society'' and the 
epitome of Republican presidents, Herbert Hoover, said. ``Absolute 
freedom of the press to discuss public questions is a foundation stone 
of American liberty;''
  But this Congress and this President are cut from a whole different 
cloth. The press, and by extension the people, are things to be feared. 
They believe the press should be dismissed, and the public should be 
ignored.
  This Administration seems to think that any oversight is bad 
oversight, and the Congress willingly agrees. In fact, the only thing 
that has kept the public as woefully informed as they are has been the 
press.
  For the past five and a half years, the President and his deputies 
have told the American people ``Trust us.''

[[Page 13690]]

  Trust us on the existence of weapons of mass destruction in Iraq.
  Trust us on an Iraqi connection to Al Qeda.
  Trust us on gigantic no bid contracts to Haliburton which wastes 
billions of dollars of the taxpayers money.
  Trust us on mission accomplished.
  Trust us on the insurgency being in its last throes.
  Trust us that civil liberties are being protected as we pursue 
terrorists.
  Trust us that we had no idea New Orleans levies could be breached.
  Trust us that everything is legal and your civil liberties are 
protected.
  Well, Mr. Speaker, I do not want to trust anymore. I cannot trust the 
claims of this Administration anymore, and the only people that have 
even attempted to keep them honest, and to inform the American people, 
is the press.
  An uncomfortable truth was revealed in the New York Times, and a 
needless detail was included in a Washington Times story in 1998 that 
enabled Osama bin Laden to escape capture. Yet these are the prices we 
pay for a free press.
  No one ever said that freedom was easy, or neat, or simple to manage. 
Rather it is hard, it complicates policy, and makes governing messy.
  But it also works and it has made us a model to be emulated and to be 
envied throughout the world--and I would have it no other way.
  I urge my colleagues to voted on the resolution.
  Mr. OXLEY. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the 
gentleman from Alabama (Mr. Davis), a member of the Committee on 
Financial Services, one of those kept in the dark on this.
  Mr. DAVIS of Alabama. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for 
yielding.
  I rise in support of your resolution that the House will not get to 
vote on; and I have to begin by pointing out some of the absurdities 
put before the House tonight, Mr. Frank.
  On one hand, we hear that the terrorists are cunning and brilliant 
and threaten every liberty that we have. On the other hand, on the next 
hand, they are too dense to know we are monitoring their bank 
transactions.
  On one hand, we decry, with every piece of passion and indignation we 
have, the New York Times. We dust off the reputation of the deputy 
chief of staff who tried to leak classified information to them and put 
him in charge of the fall campaign strategy.
  So I begin with the absurdities, but I end with a more profound 
point. If you vote for this resolution, you are voting for two simple 
statements: The first statement is to one newspaper and to one 
executive branch. This is an admonition by the Congress to prosecute an 
American newspaper. I do not know that we have done that in all the 
years that we have been here.
  And then there is the second statement to every newspaper in the 
United States of America and every magazine, to everyone who carries a 
journalist's pen that the next time you think about piercing the veil 
of secrecy, be afraid, be very afraid, because the hammer may fall on 
you.
  And I do not trust that, Mr. Frank, for a very simple reason. These 
checks and balances have swung far too widely in favor of the 
Executive. The President, I respect all of his power and all of his 
authority, but he is not the sole arbiter of what is right and what is 
wrong. And because we haven't performed our oversight role, we have 
left him with this role of being the arbiter of what is classified, of 
what is wise, and what is necessary to protect this country.
  So I end with this trade-off: We would be very happy to give up some 
of the freedom of the fourth estate if this branch of government, the 
legislative, would do its task of oversight. But because we are not 
doing our task and we see instances of it time after time, yes, we need 
a fourth estate that is free. We need a fourth estate that is not 
chilled.
  Mr. OXLEY. Mr. Speaker, I will take a second to correct the gentleman 
from Alabama. There is not one word in this resolution that calls for 
prosecution of anything other than leakers. Not the media.
  Mr. DAVIS of Alabama. That is the effect, Mr. Oxley. It is the effect 
of it.
  Mr. OXLEY. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself 10 seconds.
  There is a very clear notice in the Republican resolution, and I call 
it that simply because that is how they decided it should be. They 
drafted it and didn't even show it to us until it was printed. They 
asked for no input. But it very clearly references the current criminal 
statute that is there, and I do not think that was for no reason.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Massachusetts 
(Mr. Markey).
  Mr. MARKEY. Mr. Speaker, there is no American, Democrat or 
Republican, who does not want to pursue, capture and, if necessary, 
kill any al Qaeda who threatens our country. And what is happening here 
tonight is an attempt to shoot the messenger, which is the New York 
Times and the Wall Street Journal and the L.A. Times, that there may be 
a program that is being conducted by this administration which may not 
be constitutional. It may not be proper oversight.

                              {time}  1815

  Now, we are told that Booz-Allen, an accounting firm, is checking for 
us. But we did not subcontract constitutional protections to an 
accounting firm. Enron hired Arthur Andersen; we know what happened to 
their investors. We are supposed to be the checks along with the 
Federal courts.
  Now, they say that you don't have to worry, we already know what's 
going on. Well, the resolution says that the program only reviews 
information as part of specific terrorism investigations and based on 
intelligence that leads to targeted searches. How do we know that?
  The resolution says that the program is rooted in sound legal 
authority based on executive orders and statutory mandates. How do we 
know that?
  The resolution says that the program consists of the appropriate and 
limited use of transaction information while maintaining respect for 
individual privacy. How do we know that?
  This resolution says that the program has rigorous safeguards and 
protocols to protect privacy. How do we know that?
  There have been no hearings. There has been no oversight. There have 
been no congressional investigations into this bank record surveillance 
program. Booz-Allen knows more about this program than the Members of 
the United States Congress and Federal judiciary. How do we know?
  Instead, they shoot the messenger, the press of our country, for 
revealing that they trust an auditing firm more than the Federal 
judiciary.
  Vote ``no.''
  There is no question that our country must work acitvely and 
aggressively to put Al Qaeda out of business.
  There is no debate abut this point--terrorists are planning to strike 
our country again, and we must not waiver in our efforts to prevent 
another attack.
  But while we work to destroy Al Qaeda, we must not debase our 
Constitution.
  While we track terrorists around the globe, we must not trample on 
the very principles that are the foundation of our democracy.
  The Bill of Rights did not come with an expiration date.
  Taking the fight to the terrorists and abiding by our constitutional 
requirements are not mutually exclusive responsibilities.
  Mr. Speaker, I agree with many of the provisions in this resolution:
  We must choke off funds used by terrorists to fund their activities; 
We must use our intelligence capabilities to detect and disrupt 
terrorist plots before they occur; We must work with our allies in the 
global war on terror.
  But I cannot support a resolution that falsely claims that the 
Congress was appropriately consulted on this program, and appropriate 
oversight of the program was conducted. That is simply not true.
  This Resolution is a perfect example of why the American people are 
getting fed up with the Republican Rubber Stamp Congress.
  Just last Friday, the New York Times, the Wall Street Journal, and 
the Los Angeles Times reported on the existence of a secret Bush 
administration program to monitor banking transactions. These reports 
come just six months after earlier revelations about the existence of a 
program to monitor telephone call

[[Page 13691]]

records. The reports themselves indicate that some of the Government 
officials familiar with the program had concerns with the scope and 
breadth of the bank record surveillance program. Congress was not fully 
notified about the program. No federal court approved the subpoenas 
that were sent to the international consortium called ``SWIFT'' that 
had these bank records.
  So, what is the reaction of this Congress to these revelations?
  Are we going to conduct hearings to evaluate this program?
  Is there going to be any oversight to determine whether or not it 
fully complies with all Constitutional and legal requirements?
  No, what we're going to do is take up this resolution and 
retroactively bless a program that we weren't told about.
  What we're going to do is shoot the messenger--the news media--for 
informing this House and the American people that such a surveillance 
program existed.
  The Bush administration has claimed that tapping bank records without 
a court order is legal. Perhaps it is--but shouldn't we conduct some 
oversight to find out?
  But, the Bush administration also argued that waterboarding and other 
cruel interrogation techniques were fully legal. Once Congress found 
out about those techniques, it passed the McCain amendment to make it 
clear that such techniques were not legal.
  The administration argued that trying prisoners at Guantamo Bay 
before military tribunals and denying them the protections of the 
Geneva Convention was also legal, but the Supreme Court just ruled 
earlier today that it was not.
  Now the Bush administration argues that the secret bank records 
program is entirely legal. Perhaps it is. But, perhaps it is not based 
on the Bush administration record of expansive legal interpretations of 
executive authority, I don't think that this Congress should just take 
the administration's word for it. At minimum, we should be asking 
questions. We should be conducting some real oversight into this 
program to find out. We should be holding hearings to examine this 
program and to determine whether it fully complies with the laws--if 
necessary, in closed executive session.
  The resolution before us today makes findings and reaches conclusions 
for which there is not yet evidence.
  This resolution finds that the program ``only reviews information as 
part of specific terrorism investigations and based on intelligence 
that leads to targeted searches.'' How do we know that?
  This resolution finds that the program ``is rooted in sound legal 
authority based on executive orders and statutory mandates.'' How do we 
know that?
  This resolution says that the program ``consists of the appropriate 
and limited use of transaction information while maintaining respect 
for individual privacy.'' How do we know that?
  This resolution says the program ``has rigorous safeguards and 
protocols to protect privacy.'' How do we know that?
  This resolution says that this secret bank record program ``has been 
conducted in accordance with all applicable laws, regulations, and 
executive orders, that appropriate safeguards and reviews have been 
instituted to protect individual civil liberties.'' How do we know 
that?
  There have been no hearings. There has been no oversight. There has 
been no Congressional investigation into this bank record surveillance 
program.
  Instead of Congressional oversight, or approval by a Federal Judge, 
this program has relied on a consulting firm hired by the 
administration--Booz-Allen--as the only oversight mechanism to evaluate 
the legality of the financial surveillance program. The Bush 
administration should have subjected it to proper oversight by Congress 
and the courts. But it chose not to do so.
  There is no factual or evidentiary basis for the findings and 
conclusions reached in this resolution, other than the claims issued by 
the Bush administration. Before this body goes on record in support of 
those claims, we have an obligation and a duty to actually hold the 
hearings and conduct the oversight needed to assure ourselves that the 
Constitutional rights and the privacy rights of the American people 
have been appropriately respected.
  We should not be passing this resolution today, before we have those 
answers. That is the gentleman of Massachusetts (Mr. Frank) sought to 
offer a substitute amendment that would have represented a more 
appropriate response. The Frank substitute would have deleted the 
findings and conclusions in the resolution for which there is as yet 
not sufficient evidence. It would have supported efforts to identify, 
track and pursue suspected terrorist and to track their money flows in 
accordance with existing law, and it would have refrained from 
inappropriately charging the news media with harming our national 
security. But the rubber stamp Republican majority that controls this 
Congress refused to make this amendment in order. They're afraid of a 
real debate on real alternatives.
  I urge rejection of this resolution. This body should be able to vote 
and debate on real alternatives to rubber-stamping whatever position 
the Bush administration takes.
  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1\1/2\ minutes to 
the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Emanuel).
  Mr. EMANUEL. I find it interesting that when the 9/11 Commission gave 
this Congress 12 Ds, five Fs, and three incompletes for protecting 
America, nobody thought it was dangerous to America's national security 
or for protecting our citizens. Nobody wanted to get the 9/11 
Commission recommendations down here for a vote.
  The chairman of the Intelligence Committee said it is the Congress 
who will conduct oversight. When we were told this was a quick war, not 
a long one and it turned into a long war, where was the oversight?
  When we were told that the war in Iraq was going to be conventional 
and became a guerrilla war, where was the oversight?
  When we were told we were going to be greeted as liberators and we 
became occupiers, where was the oversight?
  When we were told that we had enough troops and it has been clear 
that we needed more, twice as many, where was the oversight?
  At every chance there was for the Congress to exercise its oversight, 
this Congress walked away from it.
  On the war on terror, Democrats have given the President everything 
he wanted. The Republican Congress has denied the President the one 
thing he needed, oversight. It is in this area that oversight is most 
important. Every Democrat, every Republican, every Independent, every 
American wants to protect the country. There is a role for the United 
States Congress in oversight. The one institution that is providing 
some accountability is a free press, and one element of it is singled 
out for isolation in an attempt to intimidate it.
  The Congress, as my Congressman said from Alabama, if the Congress 
was acting in its role of oversight, you would not have to come up with 
a gimmick to attack the one entity, the free press, that is also doing 
its function. I find it almost ironic at this point that we have a 
political strategy being designed by somebody and we all know what is 
happening here. It is a political strategy to divert people's attention 
from the real problems facing this country, one of which is the role of 
the Congress to protect the American people. Its job is oversight and 
accountability, and it has abdicated that for 2 years.
  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, I now yield 2 minutes to a 
senior member of the Financial Services Committee and one of the 
leaders on the whole question of how we should be dealing with our 
current problem, the gentlewoman from California (Ms. Waters).
  Ms. WATERS. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the Frank resolution, 
900, which was not made in order by the Rules Committee.
  As many of you know, the Financial Services chairman, Mr. Oxley, 
introduced House Resolution 895. The Oxley resolution is well-intended, 
but I cannot support it. It condemns the media for disclosing 
information related to the Terrorist Finance Tracking Program. The 
resolution is misleading. It contains whereas clauses characterizing 
Congress' role in overseeing the program. There is no oversight to this 
terrorist tracking program.
  Mr. Speaker and Members, this is America and Americans ought to be 
concerned about what is going on in this government at this time. As a 
matter of fact, I think this government is spinning out of control. The 
government is violating the United States Constitution and Federal law 
in the name of fighting terrorism. Your President truly believes he can 
disregard the Constitution, create new laws and executive orders and 
whatever he does, he says, is constitutional because he is the 
President.

[[Page 13692]]

  Keeping with this imperial Presidency attitude, the Republicans have 
the audacity to try and intimidate the press, using the same tired old 
Karl Rove tactics that have become common to this administration: 
intimidation, threats. They have accused us of cutting and running on 
the Iraqi war, questioning Members' patriotism, accusing Democrats of 
being soft on terrorism, and now the press. If the New York Times, The 
Washington Post and the Washington Times or any other newspaper back 
off its responsibility to report the news, no matter how unpopular, 
they may as well close up shop and quit the news business.
  This resolution as introduced by Mr. Oxley, that again is misleading, 
condemning the media, must be rejected. This is not China, Vietnam, 
Cuba, Sudan, Zimbabwe or Saudi Arabia. The free press is central to a 
democracy. We are seeing the PATRIOT Act, the NSA spying, the 
telecommunications companies giving up our private information. Enough 
is enough. We must stop with this resolution.
  Mr. OXLEY. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased now to yield 2 minutes to the 
gentleman from Arizona (Mr. Renzi), the only member of the Financial 
Services Committee and the Intelligence Committee.
  Mr. RENZI. I thank the gentleman for his leadership.
  The law is a little bit of a sticky wicket. There are a lot of claims 
being made on the other side of no oversight and that the President 
hasn't properly informed the Congress. Nancy Pelosi was properly 
informed; the ranking member of the Intelligence Committee, properly 
informed. Harry Reid, properly informed.
  What does the law say? The law says the President shall keep the 
intelligence committees informed. The implementation clause, and I 
would recommend it to the gentleman from Massachusetts, the President 
and the congressional intelligence committees together shall establish 
these procedures. Who established them? Harry Truman, 1947. Who 
established the Gang of Eight and used it more than any other 
President? Jimmy Carter prior to September 11.
  The law and history is a sticky wicket.
  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Will the gentleman yield?
  Mr. RENZI. No, I won't yield. I was only given a few seconds.
  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. The gentleman made it a point to mention 
me and will not let me respond.
  Mr. RENZI. It's my time. I only get a few seconds.
  The New York Times and the business of leaking is beginning to have a 
cumulative effect. By their own account, they have leaked the 
government's most closely regarded secrets. They said that it has only 
led to a few potential terrorists.
  Let me close with this: a few potential terrorists did damage to this 
country on September 11. A few terrorists can help to take down and 
destroy this Nation and wound this Nation. They are not the ultimate 
arbitrators of how you declassify information. We all agree on that. 
They can't hold themselves above the law. They have got to allow and 
work with us.
  This is the second time we have passed a resolution asking the media 
to work with us. I feel, my opinion, that those in the administration, 
this administration, those in government agencies, those in the media 
and those in both the Democratic and Republican Party who leak 
information should be prosecuted. We have got to put an end to this 
charade. We have got to do it together.
  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. I yield myself 10 seconds to point out 
that, yes, it's true, Ms. Pelosi was briefed. In 2002, at the beginning 
of the program. She is not a fortune teller.
  Mr. RENZI. Whoa.
  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Regular order. I ask the gentleman to be 
seated. I asked the gentleman when he mentioned me to yield. He 
declined to do so. For him now to interrupt me without even asking for 
a yield is wholly outside the rules of the House, and I ask he be 
instructed in them.
  Mr. RENZI. Will the gentleman yield to correct a fact?
  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. I will yield to the gentleman exactly as 
he yielded to me. No.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Arizona will suspend. The 
gentleman from Arizona, please suspend. Please take a seat.
  Mr. RENZI. I will be happy to suspend, sir.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Massachusetts may 
proceed.
  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. The gentlewoman from California (Ms. 
Pelosi) was briefed at the outset. The other gentlewoman from 
California, the ranking member of the committee, was briefed, as I was 
offered a briefing, after it was about to be made public.
  I now yield 1 minute to the gentlewoman from New York, a member of 
our committee.
  Mrs. MALONEY. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the Frank resolution 
that we are not permitted to vote on. All of us support legal efforts 
to track terrorist financing. But what we have before us is a 
nonbinding resolution that is more about stirring the Republican 
political base and silencing the press than protecting our country.
  The resolution makes declarations about actions that have yet to be 
confirmed without conducting any oversight and without all the facts. 
The Republican Party has become masters of cut and run, cutting from 
the issues so that they can run for reelection in November.
  This resolution is a diversion. If it was really about condemning 
leaks of classified information, it would also mention Valerie Plame, 
Karl Rove and Scooter Libby. And as the Member of Congress representing 
the district that suffered the greatest loss of life on 9/11, I believe 
that combating terrorism is a serious, bipartisan issue, not a one-
sided, last-minute, take-it-or-leave-it, Republican-only, political 
campaign stunt.
  Mr. OXLEY. Mr. Speaker, I believe I have the right to close, and I 
reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. May I ask, the gentleman has only one 
more speaker?
  Mr. OXLEY. Me.
  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Me, too.
  How much time do I have remaining, Mr. Speaker?
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. 3\1/2\ minutes.
  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself 3\1/2\ 
minutes.
  I reiterate, the resolution that we have, very unfortunately, not 
been allowed to offer even as a recommit, because democracy abroad has 
a much greater appeal to my colleagues than democracy at home. Indeed, 
apparently, to the Republican Party in the House, democracy is a great 
spectator sport. They would like to see it in Afghanistan, they would 
like to see it in Iraq, but they don't want to practice it at home. 
It's too hard. Members might be able to make a fair choice.
  Here is what our resolution says: we are for tracking the terrorists 
financially. We do not think there should be leaks. The biggest single 
difference is that we do not subscribe to their automatic praise that 
says that the White House, the administration, has done everything 
right. That is the biggest difference.
  Now, no one really can say that. The chairman of the Intelligence 
Committee said the staff was briefed, some of the staff. Well, let's 
have a mock Congress, bring the staff in here, and let them vote on it. 
But those of you who weren't in the briefing and haven't talked to the 
staff, almost everybody, are not entitled to vote to say things that 
aren't true.
  Let me talk about one of the things that I am unsure about. I don't 
want the terrorists tipped off and if they are being tipped off, we 
need to know about it. But we don't know that yet. The gentleman from 
Alabama earlier, Mr. Bachus; the chairman of the intelligence committee 
and others have said, well, yes, it's true that the terrorists learned 
from Bush administration statements that we were tracking their 
financial activities. But apparently they didn't know that that 
involved banks. Did they think we were going through their pockets? How 
can you acknowledge that people knew that

[[Page 13693]]

they were being tracked financially but, oh, no, it didn't involve bank 
records.
  Now, I don't know what the answer is. But neither do those who are 
ready to vote to say this caused that problem. I remind the Members, 
there is a factual statement here that says, it doesn't mention the 
Washington Times because you want to be nice to them, but it says that 
the Washington Times in 1998 made a disclosure that made it hard to 
find Osama bin Laden. That may well not be true. You are going to vote 
them this. There is this automaticity to your behavior. You are being 
asked to vote for things that I know most Members over there and over 
here can't say.
  We are not asking you to vote the opposite. We are not saying the 
program had legal problems. We are not saying it was conducted badly. 
We are saying, look, and we could have this, we could have 430 votes to 
say, yes, it's a good thing to track the terrorists and it's a bad 
thing to leak. Those statements of policy could be made, but they 
wouldn't give any political advantage. To go beyond that and to turn 
this into a Bush commercial, to say without any basis that we know that 
they haven't violated their civil liberty, they haven't done privacy, 
let me say this. If that is in fact the case, if they have run this 
program as competently, as efficiently, and with as much respect for 
individual liberties as you say, then this resolution deserves more 
attention. Because that is a first. If they really have managed to 
break the record they have had before, wonderful. But you are taking it 
as they said on faith.
  So let me close by saying once again what I have said in previous 
situations. We have told the Shiia in Iraq, please show some 
willingness to work with the minority.

                              {time}  1830

  We have asked in Afghanistan that people work together. We have said, 
do not be abusive of your majority power. Try to work together. And 
then the majority here engages in the most outrageous abuse of power 
you can think of.
  I hope that all those watching will remember one important thing, do 
not try this at home.
  Mr. OXLEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself the balance of our time.
  Mr. Speaker, this has been a lively debate. I just want to state some 
facts. We are at war. All of the decisions, virtually all of the 
decisions that have been made since 9/11 have been made in this 
Congress, the administration, with the express purpose of protecting 
the American people.
  The PATRIOT Act, actions that were urged by the New York Times and 
other media, were undertaken expressly to protect the American people. 
And the fact that we have not had a major attack in this country is I 
think fairly good news and indicates to everybody that the system and 
what we have done is working.
  We all served with Lee Hamilton. He was a great Member, well 
respected on both sides of the aisle. Lee Hamilton was the co-chairman, 
along with Governor Kean, of the 9/11 Commission. They testified before 
numerous committees. They wrote an excellent report.
  And that report was critical looking backward on things that we had 
not done to better protect ourselves. We did not connect the dots. We 
had a wall between the CIA and the FBI. There were things that could 
have been done better.
  And this was all constructive criticism. And then those gentlemen 
went out, not only did they testify, but they spoke in public. And they 
are still very active in that operation.
  Why do you think, why do you think that Lee Hamilton asked the New 
York Times to resist publishing that information? Do you not think that 
he thought that our Nation was at risk and that that kind of 
information out in the public would notify al Qaeda and our enemies 
that we were in grave danger?
  Why would somebody with the reputation of a Lee Hamilton or a 
Governor Kean make that extraordinary effort to try to keep a news 
organization from publishing that information? That is what this 
argument is all about. That is what this resolution is all about. This 
is serious business. This is not politics. This is about the safety of 
our children and our country.
  And we talk about politics all of the time. I am frankly 
disappointed. Vote for this resolution and let us get on with the 
business at hand.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to House Resolution 896, the 
resolution is considered read and the previous question is ordered on 
the resolution and on the preamble.


                         Parliamentary Inquiry

  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Parliamentary inquiry, Mr. Speaker. Is a 
motion to recommit in order at this time?
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman is correct.
  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Further parliamentary inquiry. Since we 
are in the whole House, would it be in order, by unanimous consent, to 
modify the rule so that the motion to recommit could become a motion 
with instructions, including the resolution we have alluded to today? 
Would that be in order to ask for a unanimous consent request?
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. By unanimous consent, the House could amend 
its previous order to admit a motion to recommit with instructions.
  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, I then ask unanimous consent 
that our motion to recommit be made a recommit with instructions so our 
resolution, supported by the overwhelming majority of the Democratic 
Caucus, could receive a vote on the floor of the House.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the 
gentleman from Massachusetts?
  Mr. OXLEY. Mr. Speaker, I object.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Objection is heard. The gentleman from 
Massachusetts?
  Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, I mourn democracy.
  Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I rise in opposition to H. 
Res. 895, the Oxley resolution. I support efforts to identify, track, 
and pursue suspected foreign terrorists and their financial supporters 
by tracking terrorist money flows and uncovering terrorist networks. 
But it does not serve the nation well to condemn the media for 
performing its watchdog function even in a time of war. Indeed, it is 
especially important during wartime that the media be even more 
vigilant and aggressive in informing the public. I do not support the 
resolution because it encourages the media to become lapdogs who see 
their role as cheerleaders for the Administration rather than as 
watchdogs who exist to safeguard the public interest.
  During the 1790s under the Alien and Sedition Acts, and then again 
during the Civil War and World War I, the government prosecuted 
journalists. Today, we are again hearing government officials calling 
for prosecution of journalists who report on the conduct of the global 
war on terrorism and the war in Iraq and disclose to the American 
public information which the Administration would rather the American 
people not know. Some even accuse journalists who do so of treason.
  But what these self-styled media critics fail to understand is that 
the American people have a need for a free press to check the excesses 
of government, and never more so than today.
  Mr. Speaker, the resolution declares, without any proof or evidence, 
that the House of Representatives ``finds that the Program has been 
conducted in accordance with all applicable laws, that appropriate 
safeguards and reviews have been instituted to protect civil liberties, 
and that Congress has been appropriately informed and consulted and 
will continue Program oversight.''
  This is a major flaw in the resolution. Affirming as fact claims that 
are not nothing more than unsupported assertions is not persuasive or 
in the best interest of the Congress and the country. Rather, it is 
merely argument by ipse dixit. Today the Supreme Court ruled that the 
Administration overstepped its bounds regarding Guantanamo Bay 
detainees. Who's to say that the Administration has not overstepped 
boundaries in the area of domestic spying as well? The fact is we 
simply do not know. We do not know because this Republican-led Congress 
has been derelict in its Constitutional duty of oversight.
  Mr. Speaker, as a senior member of the Homeland Security Committee, I 
support efforts to identify and track down terrorists and oppose the 
leaking of classified information.

[[Page 13694]]

But I will not play politics with this Nation's security. Nor will I 
support the majority's trampling on liberty and freedom of the press.
  Most disconcerting is the chilling effect this ill-conceived 
resolution will have on the press. In the words of one of our 
distinguished founding fathers, George Mason, `The freedom of the press 
is one of the greatest bulwarks of liberty, and can never be restrained 
but by despotic governments.'
  I oppose the resolution and urge its defeat.
  Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, I reject all the ridiculous premises of the 
resolution: The premise that terrorists would have had no clue that 
international wire transfers would be subject to monitoring until they 
read about it in the New York Times; the premise that the media should 
conceal information leaked by responsible officials who are concerned 
about the runaway police-state tactics of the Bush Administration; and, 
the premise that by telling a select few Congressional leaders, the 
Bush Administration can do whatever it wants, regardless of the lack of 
constitutional or statutory authority.
  When concerns were expressed about the far-reaching powers of the 
Patriot Act, President Bush said any wiretap would require a court 
order. He lied. When the National Security Agency's (NSA) warrantless 
wiretapping program was revealed, he said we should trust him to use 
the program judiciously. When we learned that the NSA also collects 
millions of domestic telephone records, the President said it wasn't 
what it seemed. Now, we add financial records to the list, and his only 
response is to criticize the messenger. What will it take for the do-
nothing Republican Congress to start standing up for the Constitution, 
or at least the prerogatives of the Legislative Branch?
  If this Congress spent half as much time doing oversight as it did 
criticizing those who dare question their government, we wouldn't have 
to find out what our government is doing on the front page of the New 
York Times. But given that no lie, no unlawful program, no petulant 
signing statement is too much for the Bush toadies, I salute the Times 
and other media outlets for their occasional bravery and for 
maintaining some semblance of accountability in government.
  Mr. SHERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I am proud to cosponsor H. Res. 900, 
offered by Ranking Member Barney Frank, which provides that the House 
of Representatives supports efforts to track terrorist financing and 
their financial supporters by tracking terrorist money flows and by 
uncovering terrorist networks, both here and abroad, in accordance with 
existing applicable law.
  The Frank resolution also expresses concerns that unauthorized 
disclosure of classified information may have made efforts to locate 
terrorists and terrorist networks and to disrupt their plans more 
difficult. It does not include controversial whereas clauses or 
findings that cannot be verified. The Rules Committee should have 
allowed this resolution to come before the House for a vote.
  I am unable to sponsor H. Res. 895, which Financial Services 
Committee Chairman Michael G. Oxley introduced yesterday afternoon, 
because his resolution contains a number of statements that simply 
cannot be factually confirmed at this time. There has been no fact 
finding, no oversight, no hearings whatsoever by any Committee of the 
House to even try to establish whether or not the partisan findings 
contained in H. Res. 895 are accurate.
  The only way that these issues can be developed properly is through 
hearings, classified hearings where required, before the committees of 
jurisdiction, the House Financial Services Committee and/or the House 
Intelligence Committee. Matters that are highly classified can be dealt 
with by the Intelligence Committee.
  Mr. SPRATT. Mr. Speaker, had it been my decision, I would not have 
released a report on the Terrorist Finance Tracking Program, and I co-
sponsored H. Res. 900 to register my disapproval. For no good reason, 
H. Res. 900 was not made in order as a substitute amendment.
  I have reluctantly decided not to vote for H. Res. 895 for the 
following reasons. H.R. 895 was written exclusively by Republicans, 
with no Democratic input, no committee hearings, and no committee mark-
up. The resolution was rushed to the floor shortly after being filed 
under a rule that prohibits amendments of any kind, for one hour's 
debate, and then a vote up or down. I agree with much of the 
resolution. I wholeheartedly support ``efforts to identify, track, and 
pursue suspected foreign terrorists and their financial supporters by 
tracking money flows and by uncovering terrorists networks here and 
abroad.''
  I have not been briefed on the program, however, and I am no position 
to find ``that the Terrorist Finance Tracking Program has been 
conducted in accordance with applicable laws, regulations and Executive 
Orders, and that appropriate safeguards and reviews have been 
instituted to protect individual civil liberties, and that Congress has 
been appropriately informed and consulted for the duration of the 
Program and will continue its oversight of the Program.'' I hope that 
is the case, but I have no basis on which to make such a judgment, and 
I do not think that Members of Congress should hold out such a 
conclusion if we cannot support it.
  Mr. HOLT. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in opposition to this partisan 
and ill-considered resolution. This resolution will do absolutely 
nothing to stop leaks. It's just another cheap, hypocritical political 
stunt.
  My colleagues should know that only last month, the House Permanent 
Select Committee on Intelligence held an open hearing on the very issue 
of the media's role in leaks. What many of us observed at that hearing 
is that there are at least two contributing factors to leaks to the 
media. One of those is the use of the classification system to conceal 
improper, even potentially criminal, conduct by executive branch 
officials.
  One example of this was the original report by General Taguba on the 
Abu Ghraib abuse investigation. It was originally classified SECRET/
NOFORN but ultimately declassified in its entirety when the images of 
prisoner abuse appeared in the media. To the best of my knowledge, the 
House Intelligence Committee has never investigated why that report--
which detailed criminal behavior by American military personnel--was 
classified in the first place. What I do know is that we in the 
Congress must never allow the classification system to be used to 
conceal criminal conduct--which brings me to the second factor 
contributing to leaks of classified information to the media: the 
refusal of this Congress to take its oversight responsibilities 
seriously.
  As I've said before, this Congress doesn't exactly put out a welcome 
mat for those executive branch employees who seek to report misconduct 
or illegal activity by their agencies. If you don't believe me, just 
look at the status of the only bill before Congress right now that 
would actually offer some modest protections for national security 
whistleblowers.
  H.R. 1317, Federal Employee Protection of Disclosures Act, was 
offered by my colleague, the gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Platt), 
last year. This bill would clarify which disclosures of information are 
protected from prohibited personnel practices, and require that 
nondisclosure policies, forms, and agreements conform to certain 
disclosure protections. Last September, this bipartisan bill was 
reported favorably by the House Government Reform committee on a vote 
of 34-1, yet the Rules committee has refused to allow this bill to come 
to the floor for a vote on at least three occasions.
  This resolution shoots the messenger. A more useful approach would 
address the problems of overclassification, the lack of oversight, and 
whistleblower protections. If you want to stop leaks, if you want to 
ensure that classified information doesn't appear in the press, then 
give executive branch employees who have concerns about their agency's 
conduct a place to go with their concerns without fear of retaliation 
so that we can do our job: oversight of the executive branch. I urge my 
colleagues to vote no on this resolution.
  Mr. PAUL. Mr. Speaker, I am not sure that the federal government's 
program examine records of international financial transactions 
collected by the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial 
Telecommunications (SWIFT) is worth all the sound and fury that has 
surrounded the program since its existence was revealed last week. For 
one thing, this program appears to threaten civil liberties less than 
the already widely known ``Know Your Customer'' program or the 
requirement that American financial institutions file suspicious 
activity reports whenever a transaction's value exceeds $10,000. 
However, the program's defenders should consider the likelihood that 
having federal bureaucrats wade through mountains of SWIFT-generated 
data will prove as ineffective in protecting the American people as 
other government programs that rely on sifting through mountains of 
financial data in hopes of identifying ``suspicious transactions.''
  According to investigative journalist James Bovard, writing in the 
Baltimore Sun on June 28, ``[a] U.N. report on terrorist financing 
released in May 2002 noted that a `suspicious transaction report' had 
been filed with the U.S. government over a $69,985 wire transfer that 
Mohamed Atta, leader of the hijackers, received from the United Arab 
Emirates. The report noted that `this particular transaction was not 
noticed quickly enough because the report was just one of a very large 
number and was not distinguishable from those related to other

[[Page 13695]]

financial crimes.''' Congress should be skeptical, to say the least, 
that giving federal bureaucrats even more data to sift through will 
make the American people safer.
  Congress should examine all government programs that monitor the 
financial transactions of American citizens to ensure they are 
effective and they do not violate the rights of Americans. 
Unfortunately, many of my colleagues are attacking newspapers that 
inform the American people about government surveillance on the grounds 
that revealing that the federal government is monitoring financial 
transactions somehow damages national security. It is odd to claim 
that, until last Friday, neither the American people nor America's 
enemies had any idea that the government is engaging in massive 
surveillance of financial transactions, since the government has been 
openly operating major financial surveillance programs since the 1970s 
and both the administration and Congress have repeatedly discussed 
increasing the government's power to monitor financial transactions. In 
fact, such an expansion of the government's ability to spy on 
Americans' banking activites was a major part of the PATRIOT Act.
  Congress should be leery of criticizing media reporting on government 
activity. Attacking the media for revealing information about 
government surveillance of American citizens may make reporters 
reluctant to aggressively pursue stories that may embarrass the 
government. A reluctance by the media to ``embarrass the state'' will 
make it easier for the federal government to get away with violating 
the people's rights. Media reports on government surveillance and other 
security programs can help Congress and the Americans people ensure the 
government's actions effectively protect Americans' security without 
infringing on basic constitutional liberties. I therefore urge my 
colleagues to reject this resolution.
  Mr. UDALL of Colorado. Mr. Speaker, I object to--and voted against--
the restrictions the Republican leadership has imposed on our 
consideration of this resolution.
  Those restrictions made it impossible for the House to even consider 
changes to this resolution, including parts to which I must take strong 
exception.
  I do agree with some parts of the resolution.
  For example, I agree that ``the United States is currently engaged in 
a global war on terrorism to prevent future attacks against American 
civilian and military interests at home and abroad.''
  Furthermore, I agree that the House of Representatives ``supports 
efforts to identify, track, and pursue suspected foreign terrorists and 
their financial supporters by tracking terrorist money flows and 
uncovering terrorist networks here and abroad, including through the 
use of the Terrorist Finance Tracking Program.''
  And, I do support making clear that the House ``condemns the 
unauthorized disclosure of classified information by those persons 
responsible and expresses concern that the disclosure may endanger the 
lives of American citizens, including members of the Armed Forces, as 
well as individuals and organizations that support United States 
efforts.''
  But, like most Members of Congress, I cannot of my own knowledge say 
it is true that, as the resolution states, the tracking program that is 
the subject of the resolution ``only reviews information as part of 
specific terrorism investigations and based on intelligence that leads 
to targeted searches,'' or that the program ``is firmly rooted in sound 
legal authority'' or that it ``consists of the appropriate and limited 
use of transaction information while maintaining respect for individual 
privacy,'' or that it ``has rigorous safeguards and protocols to 
protect privacy.''
  In fact, to paraphrase Will Rogers, most of us--Members of Congress 
as well as members of the public at large--know about this only what we 
have read in the newspapers or heard over the airwaves.
  So, it is ironic, to say the least, that so many are so ready to 
describe and praise the program's details and at the same time condemn 
those who told us about those details.
  In short, I think the resolution should not be adopted at this time 
because its conclusions are based too much merely on the assertion of 
claims for which no solid evidence has been presented. For that reason, 
I will vote against it.
  Mr. NADLER. Mr. Speaker, today we see how a great Nation loses its 
freedom.
  This resolution seeks to chill free speech by punishing the New York 
Times and other publications for doing their job. That is unacceptable 
and, frankly, beneath the dignity of the United States Congress. All of 
us here took an oath to support and defend the Constitution. Yet those 
pushing this resolution seek to do just the opposite: to batter the 
Constitution's most hallowed pillar, the right of free speech and a 
free press.
  Rampant lawbreaking by the Government, secrecy and selective leaks of 
classified information to cover up that illegality, and threats of 
retaliation and prosecution against anyone who dares to tell the truth.
  How has the Republican Congress responded? Have they lived up to 
their responsibility to get to the truth? To subpoena administration 
officials or records? To hold anyone accountable?
  No. The lapdog Republican Congress has worked hand and glove with the 
Karl Rove White House to cover up the administration's lies and crimes. 
The Republican Congress, with the chorus of cooperating media, has 
helped the administration retaliate against anyone who challenges them 
or tries to tell the American people the truth.
  Does Osama bin Laden know that we had tapped into his phone lines? Of 
course. The administration leaked it to the Washington Times which 
published it. Any outrage here? No.
  Did the White House leak the name of a CIA agent to friendly 
reporters to retaliate against a critic? Yes. Did the President promise 
to fire anyone who leaked? Yes. Now that we know it was the Vice 
President and Karl Rove, did the President make good on his promise? Of 
course not.
  Does anyone here really think that Osama bin Laden didn't assume we 
were tracking bank transactions? Administration officials have 
testified before Congress that they did, and, for those members who 
read bills before they vote, we required the administration to do just 
this in the PATRIOT Act. Not a big secret.
  Do you really think the terrorists didn't know we would be tapping 
their phones? The only people who were kept in the dark were the 
American people who were never told that their privacy was illegally 
being invaded by the government. Bin Laden doesn't care if the 
government gets a warrant, but law abiding citizens should and they 
have a right to know that, even if the President tries to cover it up.
  If the President breaks the law and covers it up, if the Congress 
refuses to get the truth and joins the cover-up, then the free press is 
the only guardian of truth and democracy. That is why Thomas Jefferson 
said he would prefer a free press without a government to a government 
without a free press.
  Free speech and a free press are what keep a Nation free.
  Is it espionage to tell the American people that the President is 
breaking the law? Is it treason to report the truth? Of course not. It 
is the duty of a free press to tell the truth especially when people in 
power would prefer that the American people be kept in the dark.
  Think of the thousands of young people who might still be alive if 
the press had more carefully scrutinized the lies and distortions used 
to lead this Nation to war in Iraq. Would we know about the illegal use 
of torture if the press hadn't uncovered it? Would we know that the 
government was spying on innocent citizens without a warrant?
  No President should be able to cover up his wrongdoing just by 
declaring it ``secret.'' That is what some here are suggesting. We are 
a great and free Nation because the Government can't put you in jail 
simply for telling the truth, and the Government can't use its prisons 
to cover up its crimes.
  A lawless President cannot hide behind the law. A cover-up Congress 
cannot complain if the truth gets out.
  What sort of countries prosecute journalists? What sort of country 
hates free speech? Countries whose governments fear the truth. Stalin 
locked up journalists. So does China. Free nations do not. As Justice 
Brandeis wrote, ``Publicity is justly commended as a remedy for social 
and industrial diseases. Sunlight is said to be the best of 
disinfectants.''
  Once again, the administration and its apologists tell us that this 
activity was legal and the leak helps the terrorists. How do we know 
this? Because they say so and tell us to trust them.
  After six years of lies and cover-ups, of law breaking and leaking, 
this administration and the Republican Congress cannot be trusted.
  Let's get the facts. I haven't seen them, and I don't think the 
members who will be voting today have either. We only know what we read 
in the papers.
  The American people deserve better from their representatives. They 
deserve and demand the truth. Thank G-d we have a free press. Thank G-d 
we are still a free people. If the Republican Congress is afraid to get 
to the truth, someone else will have to do it for them. For now, we 
have a free press. Perhaps next year we will have a Congress willing to 
assume its constitutional duties now abandoned by the lap-dog 
Republican Congress.
  Mr. ETHERIDGE. Mr. Speaker, I rise in opposition to House Resolution 
895 and in support of a better alternative, H. Res. 900 introduced by 
Congressman Frank.

[[Page 13696]]

  H. Res. 895 intends to express the sense of Congress that we are in 
support of intelligence and law enforcement programs used to track 
terrorists and terrorist finances when these programs are consistent 
with Federal law and with appropriate Congressional consultation. H. 
Res. 895 also specifically condemns the disclosure and publication of 
classified information that impairs the international fight against 
terrorism and needlessly exposes Americans to the threat of further 
terror attacks. Although I agree with these basic tenants, H. Res. 895 
includes several statements that cannot be factually confirmed as of 
yet by the vast majority of Members of Congress.
  No Congressional Committee has formally looked into the terrorist 
finance tracking program. The Financial Services Committee will not 
hold its first oversight hearing on this topic until July 11, 2006. 
Although H. Res. 895 includes a clause stating that Congress has been 
fully informed on the terrorist finance tracking program, we cannot ask 
Members of Congress to affirm specific statements about the legality 
and constitutionality of a program that have yet to be independently 
confirmed. I simply cannot state something to be a fact that I do not 
know to be a fact. To do so would be a disservice to the people of 
North Carolina's Second District I have sworn to serve.
  In contrast, H. Res. 900 expresses the same sense of Congress in 
support of lawful programs used to track terrorists and terrorist 
finances, as well as the condemnation of the disclosure of classified 
information, while remaining free of any of these unverified statements 
of fact. H. Res, 900 is a balanced, thoughtful and appropriate 
statement of Congressional support for vigorous prosecution of the war 
against the terrorists.
  Ms. KILPATRICK of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, last week when we voted on 
H. Res. 895, a resolution condemning the disclosure of classified 
information, and more specifically, the information about our 
government's monitoring of international financial transactions, I 
voted in opposition to the measure, and I would like to take this 
opportunity to explain my position.
  I join my colleague from Massachusetts, Mr. Frank, and others in 
supporting an alternative resolution, H. Res. 900, which also condemns 
the unauthorized disclosure of classified information, but does so in a 
way that is less partisan and more ingenuous. H. Res. 895 contains a 
number of statements that are passed off as fact but whose veracity is 
dubious and not substantiated through congressional inquiry.
  I regret that the majority saw fit to bring a resolution to the floor 
which deprived Democrats from providing any input into the framing of 
the measure. I do think that it was possible to produce a bin behind 
which both parties could unite, if the majority were interested in 
reaching a consensus. Obviously, it was not interested in forging a 
consensus statement, so we debated a political document instead of 
substantive initiative.
  H. Res. 895, as written, states facts, which frankly, are either in 
substantial dispute or subject to question. For example, did the news 
media inappropriately and illegally disclose information regarding the 
SWIFT financial monitoring program, or was this information in the 
public domain? There are credible people ``in the know'' who claim the 
information was publicly available if anyone cared to conduct a little 
research.
  According to one former State Department diplomat and U.N. monitor, 
the information on the SWIFT financial transaction monitoring program 
was incorporated in a report to the U.N. Security Council in 2002 and 
is available on the U.N. website. The SWIFT program has been in the 
public domain for quite some time.
  Additionally, the resolution contains a clause that the appropriate 
committees in Congress were notified of the program. As we heard during 
the debate on the bill, that is another fact in dispute by Democrats 
who serve on the Select Committee on Intelligence.
  I, therefore, voted against H. Res. 895 and announce my support for 
the alternative introduced by Mr. Frank, which the majority has seen 
fit to deny us the opportunity to consider.
  Mr. EVERETT. Mr. Speaker. I was unable to vote on Rollcall Vote No. 
357 H. Res. 895, a resolution that expresses, support for intelligence 
programs and condemns the unauthorized leaking of classified 
information. However, had I been present, I would have voted aye.
  Mr. Speaker, leaking classified information is a serious matter. It 
can expose both our intelligence gathering capabilities and operations. 
Moreover, divulging sensitive information, regardless of intent, can 
have grave implications for not only our national security but also our 
men and women in uniform currently serving in harms way. It is not up 
to the New York Times or any other media outlet to decide when a highly 
classified program tied to our national security should be made public.
  Mr. Speaker, we are at war. Unauthorized public disclosure of 
classified programs being used to win this global war on terror 
jeopardizes our national security. It is my hope that in the future, 
those in government with knowledge of classified programs and news 
media organizations treat sensitive information appropriately.
  Ms. ROYBAL-ALLARD. Mr. Speaker, I rise in opposition to H.R. 895. I 
strongly support efforts to track and pursue suspected foreign 
terrorists by monitoring their financial transactions. This Republican 
resolution, however, shamefully distorts the facts and turns the 
critical issue of national security into a venue for Republican 
political gain.
  There is no doubt that our country must effectively and responsibly 
monitor the financial transactions of terrorists. It is for that reason 
I have cosponsored H.R. 900, the Democratic alternative resolution. 
This resolution reaffirms Democrats' commitment to protecting our 
national security by tracking suspected terrorists. It also reaffirms 
that, when confidential information is leaked, bipartisan Congressional 
review and oversight are critical--regardless of who may be responsible 
for that leak. Unfortunately, the Republican leadership has denied the 
Members of this House the opportunity to debate and vote on this 
Democratic alternative.
  As a result, we are forced only to consider this flawed and 
misleading Republican resolution.
  This resolution claims that the Terrorist Financial Tracking Program 
is legal, that it protects individual civil liberties, and that 
Congress has been appropriately informed about its activities.
  The fact is that we do not know if the Terrorist Financial Tracking 
Program is legal or if it protects our civil liberties because no court 
has ruled on these critical issues. In essence, this resolution asks 
Members of Congress and the American people to simply accept their word 
on the legality and civil protections of this program.
  The resolution's claim that Congress has been appropriately informed 
about the Terrorist Financial Tracking Program is simply not true. In 
fact, few Members knew about this program. Only after its existence was 
exposed to the public by the press did the Bush Administration offer to 
brief the appropriate members of Congress. As a result, this 
questionable program failed to receive critical Congressional 
oversight.
  The Republican philosophy of selective oversight is also exemplified 
by the fact that this resolution fails to even mention one of the most 
egregious leaks in recent history--the 2003 identity leak of a CIA 
agent by a member of the Bush Administration.
  This Republican resolution instead attempts to shield the 
administration and Republican leadership from public scrutiny by 
shifting the blame for the leaks to the press and diverting attention 
from the fact that the majority party has had no hearings, no 
briefings, and certainly no resolutions highlighting this serious 
issue.
  The lack of Congressional oversight on cases of leaked confidential 
information is another example of the Republican pattern of negligence.
  If the Republican leadership were truly sincere about addressing 
national security issues through this resolution, they would not have 
brought it to the floor without review by the appropriate Congressional 
Committees and with a rule that blocks any consideration of a 
Democratic alternative.
  Mr. Speaker, this Republican resolution is deceitful, politically 
motivated, and an insult to the very American democracy that 
Republicans claim they want to protect.
  I urge my colleagues to vote against H.R. 895 and to cosponsor the 
Democratic alternative, H.R. 900.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the resolution.
  The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced that 
the ayes appeared to have it.
  Mr. OXLEY. Mr. Speaker, on that, I demand the yeas and nays.
  The yeas and nays were ordered.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to clause 8 of rule XX, further 
proceedings on this question will be postponed.

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