[Congressional Record (Bound Edition), Volume 151 (2005), Part 17]
[House]
[Pages 23047-23051]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]




                               IRAQ WATCH

  The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Jindal). Under the Speaker's announced 
policy of January 4, 2005, the gentleman from Washington (Mr. 
McDermott) is recognized for 60 minutes.
  Mr. McDERMOTT. Mr. Speaker, I come to the well tonight as part of our 
continuing Iraq watch to talk with the Members and the folks who are 
watching about the issues that face us in Iraq.
  During the last few months, we have had everything sort of arranged 
so that we should not pay any attention to the chaos and the deaths and 
everything else. We were told again and again that the democracy train 
was on the track and it was going down the track. And a big date was on 
Sunday, this past weekend, when the Iraqis would vote on a referendum 
adopting a constitution.
  Now, that constitution appears to have been ratified by the Iraqi 
people. But when I came to this House many years ago, there was an old 
Texan here who I came to know and respect a great deal. He was the 
ranking member and then was the second and then finally the chairman of 
the Committee on Banking and Financial Services. He once handled a very 
contentious committee of the House in a way that was very respectful 
and very understanding and gave everybody, Republicans and Democrats, a 
chance to say whatever they wanted. And, boy, it took forever, but he 
was always in control.
  At the end of it, I congratulated him. I told him I thought I had 
never seen a committee handled more masterfully. The Committee on 
Banking and Financial Services at that point was the largest committee 
of the Congress. There were 50 Members. This man's name was Henry 
Gonzalez. He was from San Antonio. His son now serves here. Well, Mr. 
Gonzalez said to me, Jim, I learned two things from an old guy in San 
Antonio. One of them is, never try and lasso a cow running downhill. 
Let him run out until he is tired. And the second one is, it is always 
too soon to congratulate yourself.
  I think it is useful for us tonight to think a little bit about that 
old Texas aphorism as we consider what happened in Iraq in the 
referendum for the new constitution. This is a constitution that was 
voted on by people and was created by people who were selected by us, 
basically. We put them together, molded them and talked to them and 
kept shaping what was going on inside the organization.
  There are three groups of people basically in Iraq, although there 
are some others, but there are the Shi'a and the Sunnis. Those are two 
sects of the Muslim faith. And then there are the Kurds, who also 
happen to be Sunni believers in Mohammed. Now, those three groups of 
people have all different interests.
  The Sunnis have been in charge of Iraq for many, many years. Going 
back to the end of the First World War, Sunnis have generally been the 
leadership. In fact they have been the leadership in the country during 
that entire period. And the Shi'a, although more numerous, have never 
been in charge because it has not been a democracy. It is very obvious 
that a minority people, the Sunnis, were running the country. And it 
was obviously something that was a real irritant to the Shi'a. And in 
the midst of this, the Kurds got totally forgotten. The Kurds simply 
were pushed aside.
  So when it came time to write a constitution, the United States did 
something which I think you can understand the thinking that might have 
gone into it, and that is that if you want to control Iraq, pick the 
largest group. They are not a majority, but pick the largest group and 
add one of these other groups to them and that will give you a 
majority. And if you can get them to see things the way the United 
States wanted them to see it, we could then drive a constitution which 
would be acceptable and be voted on by the 18 provinces.
  Now, they did that. The Shi'a and the Kurds together wrote a 
constitution, and it is an interesting constitution because it sets up 
this kind of a situation. It says that the Sunnis can make their own 
state and the Kurds can make their own state and the Shi'a can make 
their own state and they will be loosely connected at the center, in 
Baghdad, by a federation. So there will be a federal style of 
government like we have, except for the fact that states will have way 
more power than the federal government does. Each state can go its own 
way. If they want to use Muslim law, sharia law, in the Shi'a area, 
they can put that into place. If they do not want to use that in the 
Sunni area, then they do not have to put it in place. And if the Kurds 
want to do something entirely different, they can do something entirely 
different. So it is a very, very weak bringing together of this 
country.
  Now, one of the issues that is a contentious issue, of course, is the 
control of their natural resources. Iraq is a very wealthy country. It 
has oil. One of our diplomats said, Iraq is important because it swims 
on a sea of oil. The oil is under the area where the Kurds live and 
where the Shi'a live, so they can pump the oil in their little area and 
have money to make a nice country. And the Kurds can pump oil and make 
a nice little country for themselves. But the Sunnis are left out in 
the cold, because there is no bringing all the money to Baghdad and 
deciding it should be distributed equally among the three. There is no 
requirement that that happen. They do not have to give anything to the 
federal government. They can make their own way.
  So now you can begin to see why the Sunnis might be a little bit 
reluctant to get involved in this new Iraqi government, why they 
opposed the issue of the constitution, because there was no protection 
for the minority.
  One of the things about our Constitution is that it is designed to 
protect the minority. That is why we have a Bill of Rights. The 
government, the President, the Speaker, the Senate cannot run over 
people in this country because every citizen has a Constitution with a 
Bill of Rights which says what they are entitled to.

                              {time}  2100

  If you do not feel like you are getting it, you can go to court and 
exercise it in the courts and have the courts enforce your rights to 
free speech or ability to live without search and seizure, or your 
right to bear arms. All of these are rights in our Constitution.
  This Iraqi Constitution has none of those rights for the minority. So 
there is nothing guaranteed to the Sunni or to the Shia or to the 
Kurds. In fact, the Constitution was written so that the 19 provinces 
in Iraq, if any three of them have a two-thirds ``no'' vote, the 
Constitution would have failed. It would not have been ratified. They 
would have had to have gone back and come up with another Constitution 
that made better sense or had more public support.

[[Page 23048]]

  Now, in an election like this you would say, well, this is a free and 
fair election. We are going to let everybody vote. And we basically 
walled off the whole country. They walled off each province. They put a 
curfew on. They simply restricted the movement of people throughout the 
entire period and had some very interesting results.
  Now, when Saddam Hussein was president of Iraq, he won with 100 
percent of the vote and everybody kind of laughed; that is interesting. 
That must have been some election. Nobody believes 100 percent of the 
vote. In the Soviet Union when there was 100 percent, you knew the fix 
was in. There was no real opposition.
  What has happened is now that the vote is over and we now look at 
this election through the eyes of some analysts, the first one is in 
Time magazine of October 18, today, and there are allegations of ballot 
stuffing that make this election tainted in the eyes of the Sunni. More 
than 90 percent of the voters in many Shiite and Kurdish provinces were 
reported to have voted for the proposed Constitution. In Anbar, a Sunni 
area, the numbers were equally high. In the swing provinces, the 
numbers simply look implausible. When you look at the number of votes 
that they say are there and how many people are supposed to be there, 
it does not look like things were as they might seem.
  So from the eyes of the Sunnis, this is an illegitimate election. It 
did not ratify the Constitution as far as they are concerned. It is 
stolen.
  Now, what do you think is going to be the reaction to that? What do 
you think the reaction will be to that? Well, one does not need to be a 
political analyst or read the New York Times or Washington Post to 
realize if people think the election has been stolen, they are not 
going to respect the results and they are very likely going to continue 
the insurrection.
  I think everybody who looks at this situation from the very start 
said that if this passes, given the way it was put together and given 
the way the vote came out, there was no way a victory could be declared 
by the passage of this Constitution.
  Now, I am sure the White House and others will come down and it will 
be in the press tomorrow about how wonderful it is, they have taken 
another step down the road toward democracy. Well, they have taken 
another step. I do not know if it is toward democracy. Other papers 
suggest what is coming is chaos. If you look at the San Francisco 
Chronicle of today, this says the government is facing a big challenge. 
Many questions are still to be resolved. Now why is that?
  Well, this Constitution was a kind of a moving target. It was not 
like they wrote it and then they printed up a million or 5 million or 
10 million copies and sent them out all over the country to people. 
They never got it finally written, so most people voted for something 
today that they had never had a chance to read. They might have heard 
about it in the mosque or in the street or somewhere, but they never 
saw and read a copy of it.
  One of the things that was happening, one of the groups of Sunni 
people or politicians, they decided they would go with the 
Constitution. They were going to support it, but they had a meeting and 
they talked about some amendments. They needed six or eight or 12 or 14 
amendments. Who knows what they wanted. Nobody knows. I do not know. 
Nobody knew in Iraq. Certainly the average person in the street who 
voted on this never knew what it was about. And so what this says is 
the Constitution, they put an amendment in at the last without meeting 
in body. They just stuck it in there that says they can have major 
changes in this Constitution before the next election, which is 
supposed to occur in December. This Constitution was supposed to set up 
the procedures for them to elect a real constitutional body, a real 
parliament in December. The one that they have now is called the 
interim. That is the one we kind of appointed. The fact is that no one 
knows what is going on.
  Now, for PR purposes, our government will say we have taken a further 
step, we have now moved forward. No one should be surprised. No one in 
the United States should be surprised if we continue to have our young 
men and women die. Five of them died the day after the election. Almost 
2,000 Americans have died already. We have spent somewhere in excess of 
$200 billion on this war.
  When you think about it, and probably some Members have forgotten, 
remember when we were told we would not have to pay for this war. When 
they start pumping oil, the Iraqis will have enough money that they can 
do all of their own reconstruction. They do not have enough oil pumping 
to keep the lights on. Most cities do not have lights on but about 2 
hours a day. Many do not have fresh water. This is after the United 
States, with all of our military power and all of our political clout 
and everything else, has been unable to bring order to this country.
  Now, the President will tell you, and I can almost make the speech 
for him, Well, this election went off very well, and it is because the 
Iraqis that we trained as policemen and soldiers were out in the 
streets and things were quiet.
  Mr. Speaker, there were Americans standing with machine guns standing 
prepared to back them up in every situation. This was not an Iraqi-run 
election; this was an American-run election.
  The analysts do not see an end to this. There has been an average of 
570 attacks per day, despite the apparent approval on Sunday. Think 
about it, is that country at peace? Are these people satisfied with 
what is going on if there are 570 attacks per day?
  If we had one attack, we would think the sky was falling, much less 
having a bomb going off here and there and everywhere all over the 
place, 570 a day. If we had that going on in this country, we would 
probably be doing a whole lot different in this body than we are.
  We had the mayor of New York who apparently did not want to go to a 
debate, and suddenly there is a big terror alert in New York and they 
are searching people's bags. And then it comes out people are not even 
sure about this information and where the information came from. You 
realize the use of fear continues in this country on a daily basis. 
That is what is going on in Iraq. They are creating fear everywhere.
  I was over in Amman, Jordan, a few weeks ago. You come there and you 
realize that there are no hotel rooms. There are a million Iraqis 
living in Amman, the capital of Jordan. Anybody with money and the 
ability to get out of Iraq gets out because it is so unsafe. It is so 
unstable. It is hard to live there with no electricity, no water. It 
does not make any difference if you have money. If there is no water in 
the pipes, you do not have water. It does not make any difference if 
you have money, if there is no electricity. You may have your own 
generator, but that is a tough way to live with a generator; and then 
you have to worry about getting gasoline for it. They have a shortage 
of gasoline. They are importing gasoline into Iraq because their own 
refining capacity is not sufficient to meet the needs of the country.
  When you look at that situation and say, we are going to have another 
election in 3 months and then we will have a duly elected parliament 
and then we can go away, folks, what is happening here is the American 
people are being taken along 1 week at a time. Wait one more week; I 
can see a light at the end of the tunnel. You are going to see and hear 
from people that somehow if we just last a little longer, we are going 
to make it. Some people have accused me of having a certain bias, and 
perhaps I do.
  There are columnists, and this is in The Washington Post. This is 
George Will's column. George Will and I have one thing in common: we 
are both Cubs fans; otherwise I do not think we agree on very much. But 
George Will wrote a very interesting article today. His title is 
``Standing Up a Constitution.'' Like you bring in an 18-wheeler with a 
constitution on the back of it and you push it off and stand it up, now 
it is in place, we have had elections, and so we must now have a 
constitution.

[[Page 23049]]

  He says the first civilian leader of the U.S. occupation, retired 
Army General Jay Garner, and you may remember General Garner only 
lasted a couple of months. Well, the reason was he laid out his 
timetable, reconstruct the utilities, stand up the ministries, appoint 
an interim government, write and ratify a constitution and hold 
elections. He said there would be a functioning government in Iraq 
within 90 days. Ninety days. This was just after Baghdad had fallen. He 
was the governor, and he was going to run the place. He made this 
prediction we would get out of there in 90 days.
  That was never going to happen. We knew it was not going to happen. 
The people in the White House did not want it to happen that way. They 
immediately pulled him and put Bremer in there. The first thing that 
Bremer did was to disband the army. Think about this for a minute. You 
have 500,000 people in the army. Are all of those people evil? Are they 
all bad? Are they all members of the Baath Party? Probably not. The 
sergeants and the privates and the lieutenants. Yes, the generals and 
the colonels perhaps. But what Bremer did with one swipe of the pen, he 
wiped out the entire army so there is no pay. Everybody has to go home 
to their village disgraced. They cannot take care of their families, 
cannot pay their bills. What he did was put 500,000 Iraqis underground 
with a rifle and a grudge. This insurgency that we are seeing, this 
civil war that we are watching, actually, and it is going to get worse, 
is one that is simply being driven by decisions made by the United 
States.
  Now what George Will says in this article is that we should not get 
too excited about a big turnout. He said the fact that people voted in 
tribal factions enmeshes them in the democratic process and its 
civilities. They voted, and so now they are stuck with it. Perhaps, but 
he says in 1929 through 1933, the turnout in German elections was 
especially high because so were the stakes. In Germany's turmoil, the 
issues included which mobs would control the streets and which groups 
would be persecuted. In Iraq's turmoil, the issues are exactly the 
same.

                              {time}  2115

  What followed that period when Hitler came to power was the same 
chaos that he came out of and put a hold on Germany.
  What is going to happen here? We think this constitution is going to 
stand up? We think that somehow they are going to sit down there when 
members of the parliament are being killed, when members of the 
parliament cannot leave the country because they do not dare to leave 
because they do not know if they will be able to get back in? They 
simply are a nonfunctional government. This is a failed state.
  And Mr. Will finishes by saying: ``When America's Constitution was 
ratified in 1789, federalism was an unfinished fact. It still is but 
today's adjustments of States rights and responsibilities are'' usually 
``minor matters'' that are handled out here in the floor. We basically 
know what the Federal Government does and we know what the State 
Government, and it has taken us 200 years to work all that out.
  ``If the Federal Government of 1789 had not grown in strength,'' and 
it did not start strong but it gradually got stronger and stronger, 
``relative to the States, far more than most ratifiers of the 
Constitution anticipated or desired . . . '' They never thought the 
Federal Government would be as strong in this country as it was when we 
started. But they had a mechanism by which that could happen. This 
constitution that we gave the Iraqis prevents that from happening. What 
we have done is basically we have divided the country up on a religious 
basis or ethnic basis. We have not done anything to create nationhood 
in Iraq. We say we have, but the acts, the things that we have forced 
down their throat as a constitution basically have not worked.
  ``So,'' he says, ``the question today, which will be answered in 
coming years by the political process framed by Iraq's new 
constitution, is whether the constitution `stands up' a Nation or 
presages the partitioning of it, perhaps by the serrated blade of civil 
war.''
  He is really saying this question is not over by any stretch of the 
imagination. There are many analysts, when we read the newspapers 
worldwide, particularly in the Middle East, who believe that we are 
going to have 18 separate states. All these states will have their own 
power, and they will fight war among themselves, and they will always 
be weak. Some people say that is exactly what the United States wanted. 
They did not want a strong Iraq. That is why we had to take out Saddam 
Hussein. We had to take out this strongman who had this country and he 
controlled it.
  Nobody controls Iraq today. I do not care how many soldiers we put 
there now. We do not control it. We go and control this area, and then 
we walk and we go over to this area, and suddenly the place that we 
controlled a couple weeks ago is back right where it was when we went 
there in the first place. So what is now developing in this country is 
continued chaos.
  Now, there are other articles in today's paper. Many of my colleagues 
are responsible for all kinds of things in this country, and it is not 
easy to have a full chance to read all the newspapers, so that is why I 
am coming out here to talk about this, to talk about what is in the 
newspaper.
  This is a column written by a doctor who is the chief executive of 
the Iraqi National Movement, which is a Sunni political party. This is 
a Sunni political leader, in the New York Times in today's editorial 
page, and his name is Hatem Mukhlis. And the title of his article is 
that we are ``Voting `Yes' to Chaos.'' From the point of view of the 
Iraqi Sunni, this vote that happened a couple days ago, what he says 
is, ``The Iraqi constitution, if it passes, will break the country 
apart.'' That is not it might break the country apart or I am fearful 
that it will break the country apart. It will break the country apart.
  Now, when people are of this level of political understanding, we are 
not talking about a taxicab driver that somebody stopped and asked him. 
This guy is a political leader in the country, and he does not say that 
is what he wants. That is not what he wants. But what he is implying is 
that this is a situation that we have created, and he says, ``Anyone 
who thinks that such a constitution would calm the insurgency has 
probably been spending more time than he should have reading Alice in 
Wonderland.'' The guy obviously knows a little bit about America. He 
probably was educated here. One would be surprised how many Iraqi 
leaders were educated in United States universities.
  When I went to dinner in Amman, I was at a table with 12 people, of 
which seven had been educated in the United States and four had been 
educated in Great Britain. These people are not uneducated or unaware 
of the ways of the world. They simply know the place in which they live 
and the people with whom they live. They know the history. They know 
the way Iraqis think. They know Arab customs. They know what can 
happen, how people will think about a given situation, and they know 
that if we put this thing together and say, well, anybody can go off 
and run their own state, that some are going to go off and run their 
own state. There is just not any question about it.
  And when the country starts coming apart, what is the United States 
going to do? Are we are going to stand back and say, well, okay, they 
can have Shi'a country over here and a Sunni country over here and a 
Kurdish country over here, it is all right with us? Is that what we set 
out to do when we went in there?
  We certainly have not gotten what we thought we were going to get, 
although we now have passed a constitution. It got so bad, there was so 
much fear in our government that we were not going to be able to pass 
this constitution that they went in in the last couple of weeks trying 
to change the way the votes were going to be counted. They said it has 
to be two-thirds of those registered to vote. Not two-thirds of those 
who voted, but it has to be two-thirds of those registered. If they 
have got 100 people registered, two-thirds is 66. But if 54 of them 
vote, how do they get 66 against even if everybody voted no? It has to 
be two-

[[Page 23050]]

thirds of those 54 who vote. And there was so much uproar over this 
change that we put through in the days just before the election, the 
United Nations came in and said if they do that that is not going to be 
a fair election. We were worried up to the very last minute whether or 
not we could control what was going on there and have it come out the 
way we wanted to have it come out.
  Now, this Iraqi says: ``Rather than unifying Iraqis, this 
constitution would only increase the rift between our ethnic and 
religious groups. It could also lead to the Balkanization of the 
nation, as the 18 states coalesce into three superstates, with the 
Sunnis trapped between the Shiites to the south and Kurds to the north. 
Hatred toward those Iraqis who return to Iraq on the backs of American 
tanks will be nurtured. Inevitably this would lead to more hatred 
towards the United States, since even though it is the American troops 
that are preserving Iraq's unity, it was the invasion that has led to 
this chaos.''
  We are in a no-win situation at this point. The President cannot win 
this. Unfortunately, and I think it is unfortunate for all of us, not 
just Democrats, it is unfortunate for Republicans, the President has 
said we are going to stay the course. This course has led into more and 
more and more problems. And it is almost impossible to imagine that the 
President is going to let this happen right on through the next 
election.
  Images of the Americans leaving off the roof of a hotel in Saigon in 
1975 are not out of the realm of believability for this particular 
situation in Iraq today because the American people want to have their 
own security taken care of. What they saw with all this money wasted in 
Iraq was that there was not enough money to take care of the problems 
of people of Louisiana, Alabama, and Mississippi.
  Somebody said that the loans that they give in Iraq are free but the 
ones that are given in Mississippi for reconstruction have interest. So 
somebody down there said, What I am going to do, I am going to go over 
to Iraq and try to pay it off, get my money in Iraq and bring it home. 
The point being that the American people have realized that the wasting 
of our resources abroad is not what we elected the President to do. He 
promised us in 2004 he would protect us, and yet when a hurricane comes 
FEMA does not exist. He is reduced to telling some guy, when there is a 
mess everywhere, Gee, Brownie, you did a good job. Brownie did a 
terrible job. He did no job really. And this war is sapping our energy 
as well as sapping the goodwill that we have in the world. In fact, it 
is building more and more hatred out there.
  Now, the solution, at least if people have been reading the 
newspapers, there are two other things the President can do to make 
things look better. One of them is to distract us. I mean anybody who 
has ever seen a magician operate knows that they put their fingers up 
here and snap their fingers so people will pay attention to what they 
are doing up there, but with this right hand they are doing something 
else somewhere. They are pulling something from someplace. The 
distraction in the political process that this government has used has 
been a very common one.
  Last night I was watching a DVD about the Vietnam era, and one of the 
things that happened during the Vietnam era when things were not going 
well in this country, there began to be a message from the White House 
that this was not being caused by Vietnamese. This was being caused by 
fighters coming from outside. They were coming from the Ho Chi Minh 
Trail, and we had to attack Laos and we had to attack Cambodia because 
if we did not, the fighters would be coming from the outside.
  When I was watching this DVD last night, I thought to myself we could 
take those lines and pick them up and put them into the mouths of the 
President and his advisers today around the issue of foreign fighters. 
Iraq, they tell us, is not caused by Iraqis. It is caused by those 
people who were coming from outside. They are the ones. If we could 
just stop them. Why do the Syrians not close their border?
  I am sorry? They mean that if the Syrians would close the border, 
suddenly this would be all over? Is that what they are telling us? His 
own generals say that not more than 10 percent of the people fighting 
in Iraq are from outside. It may be as low as 4 or 5 percent. It is a 
very small number of people. This is not being caused from the outside. 
However, if we could start some kind of border fight, they had one, a 
short one, last weekend up on the border with Iraq, then maybe if we 
could get something going on on the border there, we could get people 
thinking that must be what it is. The President is right, there are too 
many people coming in from the outside.
  It is not true. It is not true. There is no evidence of that. The 
people who really know and who tell us the truth say it is not 
happening.

                              {time}  2130

  They produced a letter the other day. They said we have got a letter 
from Osama bin Laden's second in command to the guy running al Qaeda in 
Iraq. If you read today's newspaper, there is all kind of doubts about 
whether that letter is even legitimate. It was picked up about 3 or 4 
months ago. Certain parts of it do not make any sense. It is simply 
very, very unlikely that that is a legitimate letter from Osama bin 
Laden. He is asking for 100,000 American dollars in that letter. I 
mean, come on.
  What are we talking about here? I mean, none of that holds together, 
but it did happen that that letter came up just at the time of the 
election. Days before the election, here comes a letter.
  Every Member of the United States Congress who has been in a campaign 
in their life at any time has had the sort of Thursday surprise of 
election before Tuesday. It always happens. They come out with 
something about that you killed your favorite billy goat in the 
backyard with an axe or something. Then, after the election's over, it 
turns out it was not true. Well, here is another one of these things 
that is coming, and people have to say I wonder if we can believe 
anything that comes out of this administration.
  They will not let us have hearings here. They will not let us get 
anybody in here to find out what is going on in Abu Ghraib prison. They 
will not let us have hearings on the issues that threaten our image in 
the world. We say that we care about human rights, but then you look at 
what we do at Guantanamo and what we do at Abu Ghraib, and you have to 
ask yourself why would the President even go to the point of saying we 
cannot see the caskets coming home? Some young man or some young woman 
goes out and dies for our country, and they come home and the parents 
would like to be there at Dover when the casket comes home. Is that too 
much to ask? I mean, is it really? Would it be that much trouble to 
make it possible for a family to go when their loved one's coming home? 
The President said we cannot have any pictures and it will just confuse 
the public; the public cannot handle it.
  The United States population does not need to be hidden from the 
truth, and the truth is that the foreign fighter argument from Syria is 
phony, and they are going to use that. If they do not go into Syria or 
create some kind of a coup or something in the next few weeks, I will 
be very surprised.
  On the other side of Iraq, you have Iran. I think I talked out here 
on the floor before, but Iran is primarily a Shiite country. It is not 
all Shiite, but it is primarily Shiite, as is the southern part of 
Iraq, which has been a back and forth flow of people for a long time. 
Many of the issues that arise out of this whole confederation idea are 
troublesome because the Arabs who live in Iraq say you are going to 
give the control of this country to the Persians, Iraqis and Persians.
  We do not think in those terms. We do not know about that kind of 
stuff. We are such a hodgepodge in this country. We look at somebody 
and we think, well, maybe I can figure out if that person is Irish or 
Polish. If there is an African American, I do not know

[[Page 23051]]

if they came from Africa or the West Indies. If we hear a Hispanic 
voice, we do not know where they came from. We have no idea. But in 
these countries, where for 1,000 years they have lived in the same 
place, they know where everybody is from, and they know who has 
responsibility for what and so forth.
  We now have manufactured this business about nuclear weapons. This is 
the United States. We have more nuclear weapons than the whole world 
put together by a factor of 10, and we suddenly get up on our high 
horse and say you cannot have any nuclear power, because we know if you 
get nuclear power, you are going to go and make weapons. We have talked 
about that, and why do we not let the United Nations inspectors go in?
  The United Nations inspector Mr. Al Baredei, he won the Nobel Peace 
Prize. He is the guy who went into Iraq and said I cannot find any 
weapons. We said we are going to have to go to war anyway. We would not 
accept the judgment of the United Nations that there were not weapons 
of mass destruction. The President had decided that the best way to 
confuse and scare the American people was with the threat that Iraq had 
weapons of mass destruction and was going to be an imminent danger to 
us within 24 hours. So he was going to drive that idea, whether the 
inspectors found it or not. In fact, he was not going to let the 
inspectors there long enough so that they could at some point give a 
clean bill of health on that particular issue. He simply would not 
allow it.
  What we are facing now today is that we now have the possibility of 
going into Iran because we say they are developing nuclear power. We 
have nuclear power plants all over this country, all over this country. 
Why can they not make electricity out of nuclear power?
  We do not want weapons. Sure, we can deal with the weapons part, but 
how about having a nuclear power industry? We are not saying people 
have to close down here in this country or that somehow the British 
cannot have it or the French and the German. Everybody else has nuclear 
power. Why can the Iranians not have it? Because we say they are going 
to use it to make weapons. Well, that may be true, but we have a 
mechanism by which we can monitor that, through the United Nations. 
Through the International Atomic Energy Agency, it can be monitored.
  Where we stand today is that we have a situation, and I say this in 
summary, we have a situation where we have rammed through a 
Constitution in Iraq that both Iraqis and American conservatives are 
being convinced absolutely it will not work, to being very dubious 
about whether it will work. If that is where we are and we read in the 
newspaper, I bring this up because I want people to be thinking about 
when they read about Syria, why is Syria coming up? Why is Iran coming 
up? Why are we widening the war rather than pulling out and bringing 
our troops home?
  I happen to be one of those who believes that we could be out of 
there by Christmas. There is no reason we could not. People say, oh, it 
will get worse. Get worse than what? Get worse than what is going on 
right now, where we are losing five Marines at a crack? I do not know 
how much worse you think it could be if we brought them home and let 
the Iraqis work it out themselves. They will find a way. They do not 
enjoy killing each other. That is not the Arab way.
  The Arab way is to sit down and figure out a way that they can live 
in peace. They call it atwa. It is an arrangement that they establish 
between peoples, and they find ways to resolve these kinds of 
conflicts. It is foreign to us. We go to court. We are always going 
after somebody or we go militarily. The idea of sitting down and 
working it out, having a cease-fire and having a big peace conference 
in Iraq or in Jordan for that matter, with all the countries around, 
the Saudis do not want there to be a war. The Egyptians do not want a 
war. The Lebanese, the Syrians, the Turks, Iranians, none of the people 
around Iraq want this thing to continue to fester because the 
possibility of it boiling over into their people is very likely, and 
they are worried about that.
  There is really a lot of cultural interests in bringing this thing to 
an end if the United States were to allow that to happen, but what is 
required? It is for the President to listen to what is going on in the 
world, and I take some hope.
  The President has got one of his very trusted folks out. He has given 
her a new job at the State department, Ms. Karen Hughes. She went out 
on, I think they thought it was going to be a PR goodwill trip, and got 
an earful of what was going on out there. She came back with a wholly 
different view. She had been sitting in Washington, listening to all 
that goes on in the White House. Everybody's telling everybody, 
everything that is going is fine; everything's going wonderful; do not 
worry about a thing. Everything is going to get better tomorrow. She 
went out and find out how really bad it was.
  When she came back, she brought a group of Arab negotiating women 
into the White House to meet with the President. That is how much 
things had changed. Imagine the President sitting down with a bunch of 
Arab women, talking about peace, about what is really going on out 
there?
  This is not a situation that is going to be resolved with guns and 
military might. We have the best Armed Forces in the world. The people 
are the best. They are the best trained. They have the best equipment 
in most cases, if our military people pay attention and order stuff. We 
have the best and most powerful, but we cannot control the world that 
way. It will have to have a diplomatic aspect to it, which up to this 
point has not been there, and it is going to have to be there.
  We cannot run Iraq as though it was a colony of the United States. 
There are 16 bases, which we have built, various sizes of installation. 
Why are we building permanent bases in Iraq if we want to get out?
  It makes you wonder exactly what our plan for Iraq was. I do not 
think we have ever been told the truth about that, and I think that 
there are a lot of issues that will continue to come up and will lead 
us to have this Iraq Watch once a week on the Democratic side because 
we do not think that people on the other side really want to talk about 
the chaos and the problems it is causing us, both internally in the 
United States and externally, and the death and the cost. All of that 
needs to be discussed.

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