[Congressional Record (Bound Edition), Volume 150 (2004), Part 10]
[Senate]
[Pages 13421-13422]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]




                        IN MEMORY OF RAY CHARLES

  Mrs. BOXER. Mr. President, I take this moment to reflect on the life 
of Ray Charles. I feel lucky to have grown up with the innovative and 
passionate sounds of Ray Charles unique mix of gospel and blues. His 
work took listeners from the depths of his profound sadness to 
cathartic heights in his love and performance of music. Ray Charles 
will be deeply missed by fans and fellow musicians alike.
  Ray Charles Robinson was born September 23, 1930, in Albany, GA. The 
child of a mechanic, Bailey Robinson, and a saw-mill worker, Aretha, 
Ray Charles' life was a lesson in triumph over adversity. A young 
Charles began

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losing his sight at infancy and was clinically blind by the age of 7. 
Two years prior his brother had accidentally drowned, and by age 15, 
Charles lost both parents and had no immediate family. Alone, sad, and 
orphaned, Ray Charles went to live with friends of his mother, nearly 
200 miles away from home, in Jacksonville, FL.
  Charles lived in Jacksonville for a year developing his talent as a 
musician before moving to Orlando, supporting himself, a 16 year-old 
orphan, with only his seemingly dauntless optimism to help him along. 
Work was sparse, and income was never guaranteed. He left Florida, 
looking for a new city with potential for new challenges, took what 
little money he had and made a five-day bus trip to Seattle, WA. It was 
here that Charles formed his first group, a small jazz group called the 
McSon Trio.
  Emulating the vocal styles of his musical idol, Nat King Cole, Ray 
Charles formed a rhythm and blues group led by vocalist Ruth Brown. The 
band played night after night in smoky back-alley clubs throughout 
Seattle's red light district. As Charles reflected in his 
autobiography, these clubs consisted of little more than a big room 
with a band in one corner, liquor in the other, and a shoulder to 
shoulder audience. Playing in Seattle, Ray Charles met Quincy Jones, 
showing the young future producer how to write and compose music. It 
was the beginning of a lifelong friendship.
  It was on the West Coast that Ray Charles' famous career truly began 
to develop. Swingtime Records signed Charles in Seattle, giving him his 
first break in the music business. And in 1950, the company flew him to 
Los Angeles to record. In 1952 his contract was purchased by Atlantic 
Records, and by 1954, Charles had formed his own band recording his 
unique raw and tortured mix of gospel and rhythm n' blues a style that 
would later be known as soul music--with songs like ``I Got A Woman,'' 
and the later ``Georgia on my Mind,'' with ABC-Paramount. Ray Charles, 
the innovator and musical provocateur was being called ``The Genius'' 
by contemporaries and playing at such famous venues as Carnegie Hall 
and the Newport Jazz Festival.
  In the 1960s, Ray Charles would truly come to call Los Angeles home. 
He had his own studio designed and built by long time friend and 
business manager Joe Adams, and recorded his first album, ``Country and 
Western Meets Rhythm and Blues,'' at the studio in 1965. Charles would 
continue his recording career here for nearly 40 years until his death, 
and once said of the studio, ``I love this place. It's the only home 
I've truly had for most of my professional career, and I would never 
leave it.'' Charles would go on to produce numerous hits in his Los 
Angeles location, continuing an impressive career that would later earn 
him 12 Grammy Awards between 1960 and 1966, including best R&B 
recording for three consecutive years. The Ray Charles Studio was 
designated a Los Angeles historical landmark on April 30, 2004 thanks 
to the hard work of Councilman Martin Ludlow and City Council President 
Alex Padilla. Ray Charles made his last public appearance in Los 
Angeles at his studio as the site was designated a city historic 
landmark, a living testament to Charles' 40 years living and working in 
the city of Los Angeles.
  The music of Ray Charles was a deep and powerful reflection of the 
American musical tradition. From troubled origins in the south that 
would characterize the blues aspect of Charles lyrical style to the 
gospel influences present in so many of Charles' hits, soul music 
encapsulates so much of the American story. From racism, to heartache, 
to loneliness, to redemption, Ray Charles was writing the songs that 
could only come from an American artist and influencing a generation of 
musicians. He was at once expert composer, rock and roller, long-
sufferer, genius, and poet. He was, to say the least, one of America's 
greatest artists, and will be deeply missed.

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