[Congressional Record (Bound Edition), Volume 149 (2003), Part 8]
[House]
[Pages 10084-10090]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]




                        AMERICAN FOREIGN POLICY

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under the Speaker's announced policy of 
January 7, 2003, the gentleman from California (Mr. Rohrabacher) is 
recognized for 60 minutes.
  Mr. ROHRABACHER. Mr. Speaker, I would like to identify myself with 
the gentleman's remarks and I am very happy I was able to yield those 5 
minutes because I could not agree more with the gentleman.
  Tonight I would like to discuss a matter very similar to what we were 
just hearing. I would like to talk about American foreign policy.
  First and foremost, when we talk about America and talk about some of 
our basic policies, let us note that America is not like every other 
country. America is a unique country in the world, and I have always 
believed that God has a special place for the United States of America. 
Why is this? Because America, unlike other countries, represents every 
ethnic group, every religion, every race and every kind of human being 
that you can imagine. We represent the world here. We have people from 
all over the world who have come here to live in freedom and enjoy 
opportunity, to better the lives of their family, and they have come 
here from every place in the world to try to live in harmony with one 
another, but also to enjoy our freedom and opportunity. We have this 
place here between two oceans, this incredible land that was given to 
us that has vast natural resources.
  Our Founding Fathers understood this. They thought that there was 
divine province in the establishment of America and that gives us a 
very special responsibility to the world. And also a responsibility to 
those Founding Fathers was not to waste this gift that they have given 
us.
  Our Founding Fathers were extraordinary people. And they had a 
profound understanding of human nature and of special organization. The 
Declaration of Independence, to this day, is the most revolutionary of 
all national charters. It talks about God-given rights, about the 
consent of the governed, as these two things being the basis of 
freedom, of liberty. Later, our Constitution would detail a system of 
checks and balances and of limited and layered government that would 
protect the freedom of the people while ensuring our society stability 
and our society the type of government it would need to progress.
  We were, back as long as our history started, back in 1776, through 
our history and on and all the way till today, the hope of the world. 
We were the hope to those people of the world who longed for liberty 
and justice, the people who hoped in the world that there was a better 
way, and we were there to show them a better way, and they could 
identify with us because we were the world. We are the people who 
represent every race and every religion. And we do not define ourselves 
by just a geographic area but instead by beliefs in liberty and justice 
for all. Beliefs that are at the heart of our system, instead of a 
religion or a race or even a locale.
  This is not to say that the United States of America has been a 
perfect country. And I disagree with many of my conservative friends 
who try to idealize the past of our country and try to say that we were 
a bunch of puritan moralists or something like that and very religious. 
I am a religious person myself, but it is very easy to see that many 
Americans were very rambunctious people over the years ago. There were 
hell raisers. There were frontiersmen, and there were saloons and 
brothels in our history and gangsters. That does not mean those things 
should overshadow the fact that there were also churches and educators 
and philanthropists and people that helped each other and cared about 
each other.
  Let us not say it was perfect here. Let us also remember that the 
taint of slavery was around from the very beginning, and how we treated 
our black population and the minority populations in the past should be 
an area of concern for us. We should not ignore it.

[[Page 10085]]

We should try to make sure that we commit ourselves for making up for 
that in building a better America for everybody in the future. But 
there was racism in the past and there is some racism that exists even 
today that we should be working on because we want America to live up 
to its promise.
  We have seen in the past scandals and manipulation of government that 
match some of the very best in various parts of the world. But the fact 
is we also know that at the basis of America is a system of government 
that gives us the opportunity to correct the mistakes and to make 
things better and a system of ideals that call out for all Americans to 
respect each other and to work together to build a better country and 
to build a better world.
  Constant vigilance on the part of our citizens and the part of every 
American is required to make sure that our country continues to be free 
and that we continue to solve problems as they emerge, and that is 
something that sometimes is a little hard to do. I mean, when you talk 
about constant vigilance, sometimes it becomes nothing more than a 
slogan or some sort of a phase that may or may not have any meaning. 
But what we have to do, I mean by constant vigilance is we have to make 
sure our people focus on these ideals of our country and focus on our 
government enough to make sure we are doing what is right.
  And it is so easy for our citizens in a free country just to focus 
their own lives because they are free to do so, and they are free to 
try to improve the lives of their children. Thus, they are out with 
their children at ball games and they are helping their communities 
and, thus, sometimes these good and decent people who make up America 
just rely on our government, and especially on our government and the 
people who work for our government to do what is right, to do what is 
right domestically, but also to do what is right in those areas that 
our people really cannot focus on and know all the details on American 
foreign policy.
  I would say that America has, at times, let the American people down, 
but the American people have not let us down. American people have 
remained the most charitable people in the world, bar none, and I know 
that. I am, by the way, just not talking about our government and the 
government's services. I do not consider that a reflection of 
benevolence. I consider that to be a bureaucratic solution. And quite 
often some government programs are just established so we do not have 
to think about a problem, and it is a way of soothing many people. The 
liberals soothe their consciences by setting up a program that may not 
work but at least they can say they are trying to work on a program 
rather than trying to do something in and of themselves. But our people 
are willing to commit themselves. And they have committed themselves 
and provide more charity and more help to each other and more help to 
people in need around the world than any other people.
  Of course, liberals do not like to admit this because they claim we 
do not give enough; and, of course, most of the time they are just 
basing it on the level of foreign aid or the level of donations we make 
to the United Nations. But that is not the way to judge the benevolence 
of the people. No, that is not the way to judge at all.
  How much are we giving as individuals to help people in need? Many of 
our groups, many ethnic groups, as I say, from various countries that 
return to their homeland where they came from or from where their 
ancestors came from and give all sorts of assistance, thousands and 
thousands of dollars and any help, not only just in times of crisis but 
in other times. This is part of the benevolence of our country that 
these people return to their homeland and give vast sums of money to 
help the people who were left behind.
  Also, we have given in emergency situations. There are people that 
can always come to the United States and we are always there to help. 
But also in a crisis, but also what we have not been given credit for 
is our people are willing to go out and put their lives on the line to 
preserve the peace of the world. That we never get credit for. In fact, 
even in the United Nations, when we sent peacekeepers out, our 
peacekeepers and the amount of money that they cost, we pick up their 
paycheck and we are not even accredited for that in the United Nations 
as a contribution to the United Nations.
  And then my liberal colleagues who criticize us for not giving what 
we should to the U.N. If you count in all the money for the 
peacekeeping operations and all what we have done to keep peace in the 
world, we probably give more money than the rest of them combined. But 
we need to make sure that when the United States takes a stand in the 
world, that we are doing it in a way that is consistent with the ideals 
of our Founding Fathers.
  I am here tonight to discuss a morally-based American foreign policy. 
It is more than simply giving money in foreign aid or even benevolently 
giving money voluntarily as citizens to help people in other countries, 
and even more than participating in U.N. peacekeeping operations. It is 
what we stand for and what our government pushes for overseas and what 
we fight for at times.
  In the last 100 years, we have saved the democratic world. We have 
saved western civilization in World War I in World War II. In the Cold 
War it was the American people that stepped forward to save 
civilization at a time of great peril. The threats that led to World 
War II and the threat during that Second World War and during the Cold 
War, of course, were much easier to understand than many of the 
challenges that we face today.
  Today many of those challenges are less definable and they are less 
understandable. So today our role is much more complicated. But we must 
be willing to act just as our Americans moved in the last generation 
and the generations before were willing to act. In order to be a force 
in this world for the ideals that were laid forth back in 1776 by our 
country's founders and to make this world a more peaceful place and a 
place, because if this world is not peaceful, America will pay a price. 
Because technology has shrunk this planet so that each of us are 
affected when a terrorist or a dictator has his way in different parts 
of this planet.
  So we must be willing to pay the price, and that price is involvement 
and that price is engagement and that price is, yes, there is an 
economic price in having the technology and the weapons and the 
military that is capable of defending the United States and having the 
foreign policy establishment educated and committed to the ideals of 
the United States engaged in pushing the world in the right direction.
  September 11, I believe, was a result of bad policy. What we faced, 
the disaster there, and it was not a disaster that was a natural 
disaster. It was a man-made disaster. And it was something that could 
have been averted had we had different policies. Yet, we had policies 
that led to 9-11. And in 9-11 we lost more people, there were more 
casualties in New York on September 11 than there were casualties by 
the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor.

                              {time}  1915

  And the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, the main target there, of 
course, were our soldiers and sailors, members of our military. So this 
heinous attack on 9-11 was much more brutal and much more aimed at our 
society and much more of an egregious assault on us than was the attack 
on Pearl Harbor.
  I would submit that, as I say, 9-11 need not have happened. It 
started with our policy in Afghanistan. And just a short brief on that. 
People understand I have had a long history in Afghanistan, from the 
time I worked in the Reagan White House. I was in the Reagan White 
House for 7 years. During that time, as part of Ronald Reagan's 
strategy to defeat the Soviet Empire and bring it down and prevent it 
from being a threat to the United States and the free people of the 
world, we supported people in Afghanistan and elsewhere who were 
fighting Soviet expansionism.
  We helped the Afghans fight against the Soviet Army that occupied 
their country. We provided them with weapons and equipment, and they 
fought

[[Page 10086]]

bravely and courageously. It was their blood and their courage that 
helped end the Cold War because they drove the Soviets out of their 
country and broke the will of the communist bosses in Moscow. That is 
one of the major battles that helped us bring down the Berlin Wall and 
end the Cold War so that we were able then to enjoy a decade of 
relative peace and prosperity.
  Yet the Afghans were left alone to fight each other in the rubble, 
with no assistance or help from the United States. We abandoned our 
Afghan friends after the Soviets left. We abandoned them because we 
made an agreement. I have not seen the agreement, but I am sure it was 
made. All the evidence is there. We made an agreement with the 
Pakistanis and the Saudis that they would be the ones to oversee 
Afghanistan. That in and of itself was not the right thing to do. It is 
the people of Afghanistan that we owed a debt to. It is the people of 
Afghanistan who fought bravely against the Soviets. Any agreement that 
was made about what would be happening in Afghanistan should have been 
focused on the consent of the governed, meaning the people of 
Afghanistan, and not a political power play among Pakistan, Saudi 
Arabia, and the United States.
  So what ended up happening was that we simply left. We went and 
enjoyed our freedom and our prosperity at the expense of these people. 
What happened? Well, what emerged in Afghanistan was truly evil. It was 
a regime based on an extreme faction of Islam, based on the Wahhabi 
part of Islam, which is a very small faction of the Islamic religious 
faith. It was superimposed on them by Pakistan and Saudi Arabia.
  Having been in Afghanistan during the war against the Soviets, and I 
was there working with the Afghans, fighting with the Afghans against 
Soviet troops back in 1988, I can tell you that those people are devout 
in their faith, but they are not fanatics like those that we picture 
when we think of the fanaticism of the Taliban. They were devout 
Muslims. They really hold God in their heart. They call God Allah, but 
it is the same that we say when we say God. They were not people who 
were insisting that everyone else pray the same way they did.
  But the Taliban, as I say, is a derivative of the Wahhabis from Saudi 
Arabia who were superimposed on Afghanistan; and they had no help from 
us. The people of Afghanistan had no help from us, and the Taliban took 
over Afghanistan and turned it into a horror story for the people of 
Afghanistan and a horrible threat for the people of the Western world. 
But the Taliban, did, as I say, did not just emerge in power. It was 
there because the United States policy permitted it to be or even 
acquiesced to it or even supported the creation of the Taliban in 
agreement with Pakistan and Saudi Arabia.
  I worked for years, after the fall of the Soviet Union, and after the 
Soviets left Afghanistan, to try to offer Afghanistan some help. I went 
to every country around Afghanistan to get support for a return to 
Afghanistan of the old king, Zahir Shah, who had been overthrown by the 
Soviet puppets back in 1973. Zahir Shah had been king of that country 
for 40 years, and they had peace and they had prosperity. He was a very 
moderate force in that society. His wife actually took the burqa off 
and threw it into the street one day. So he was trying to bring more 
democratic government. He was trying to bring more liberalization of 
their society.
  But the communists manipulated the forces in that society, overthrew 
Zahir Shah with those forces, and then murdered the people who 
overthrew Zahir Shah and came to power themselves. And that is when the 
Soviets invaded Afghanistan.
  Zahir Shah is a fine man. The people of Afghanistan loved him. We 
could have brought him back. Had we supported him, had the United 
States supported bringing him back, he would have ushered in democracy 
into that country. That is what he was pledged to do. Yet our 
government wrote him off.
  And when I personally went to the countries around Afghanistan to try 
to get support for him rather than the Taliban, I was followed by a 
representative of the State Department at each of my meetings. At each 
of the meetings that I had with different political leaders in these 
countries, a representative of our embassy, meaning the United States 
State Department, was there saying Dana Rohrabacher is speaking for 
himself. He is not speaking for the United States of America. In other 
words, do not listen to Dana Rohrabacher.
  For anybody who wants to know who is to blame for 9-11, you can thank 
those State Department elitists who decided that the Taliban was better 
than King Zahir Shah and undercut every effort to bring a moderate 
government to Afghanistan. They are the ones, whether they were in 
Pakistan or whether they were in Turkmenistan or whether they were in 
various countries of the world where meetings were taking place, who 
undercut those efforts of the Taliban's enemies, or let us say those 
people who would just offer an alternative to the Taliban. Every time 
the State Department interceded.
  At one point, once the Taliban were in power, they became very 
vulnerable, because they had overstepped their bounds and their 
military had been defeated in the north and a swift reaction on the 
part of the anti-Taliban forces could have made the difference, could 
have eliminated them from power. President Clinton sent Bill 
Richardson, then our United Nations ambassador, and Under Secretary of 
State Inderforth to northern Afghanistan and convinced the anti-Taliban 
forces not to go into action but to seek a cease-fire, and to seek a 
cease-fire with an embargo of weapons, which would mean that they could 
talk out their differences.
  Well, of course, with an emissary from the President and people at 
that high level to go up to talk to these so-called warlords in the 
northern part of Afghanistan, naturally they acquiesced. And, of 
course, immediately the resupply of weapons began to the Taliban and 
the cease-fire was immediately violated as soon as the Taliban were 
replenished with their weapons supply by Saudi Arabia and Pakistan. We 
could have eliminated the Taliban then, or we could have prevented the 
Taliban from coming to power had we supported an alternative, like 
Zahir Shah.
  I was always so frustrated about this, because I knew that the United 
States Government had a policy of supporting or at least acquiescing to 
this monstrous regime. For years, I was asking for our Secretary of 
State Albright to provide the papers to me as a senior member of the 
Committee on International Relations to see about America's support for 
the Taliban. And, no, I could not get hold of them. I will have to say 
that some people on the other side of the aisle were very condescending 
towards me when I suggested we needed to see that because there might 
be support for the Taliban.
  Well, what happened recently? About 2 months ago the foreign minister 
of Pakistan came to visit in California and got up and publicly 
acknowledged that it was not just Pakistan and Saudi Arabia that 
created the Taliban, but it was the United States, your representatives 
were in the room, and so quit blaming Pakistan and Saudi Arabia.
  Well, thank you, President Clinton. If there was a representative of 
the United States Government in the room, it was a representative of 
President Bill Clinton. It was a representative of our State 
Department. Want to ask who is responsible for 9-11? There you go. We 
now are dealing with national security threats that were passed on to 
us during the Clinton administration.
  The world lost respect for us, and they certainly did not fear us at 
all after 8 years of Bill Clinton. Human rights under that 
administration was turned into America's lowest priority. It became a 
joke in the sense that we would have the President of the United States 
going to China, talking about human rights, and then having business as 
usual, even though those same human rights violations were going on. 
Dealing with gangsters and dictators and the likes of the Taliban 
became the order of the day for 8 years under President Clinton.

[[Page 10087]]

  The number three man in bin Laden's terrorist operation, this 
operation that conducted the 9-11 attack on the United States, has told 
investigators that it was America's weak response to the embassy 
bombings, our embassies that were bombed in Africa, killing hundreds of 
people and many Americans, it was our tepid response to that, where we 
shot a few cruise missiles out into the desert, because we did not 
respond any more than that, it convinced these terrorists to move 
forward with their plan to attack the World Trade Center and kill 
thousands of Americans. That is the number three man in bin Laden's 
operation who has confirmed that that is what was on their mind.
  Well, thank God we now have a President who acts forcefully and thus 
will prevent gangsters and terrorists and people like the Taliban from 
thinking they can attack Americans and kill us by the thousands and get 
away with it. No, our President is sending another message. It is a 
message of strength; it is of resolve, moral courage, and principle.
  I am sure our President must know what Teddy Roosevelt said. One of 
Teddy Roosevelt's most favorite quotes of mine was, ``The greatest sin 
of all is to hit someone softly.'' You do not launch a couple of cruise 
missiles and hit the bare desert. After the attack on our embassies, 
they bombed a pharmaceutical factory that had nothing to do with the 
attack on our embassies. No, you do not do it that way. If someone 
attacks you and kills thousands of your people, you have got to act 
boldly, you have to act with courage, and you have to make them pay a 
price, or Americans will pay even higher prices in the years ahead. 
Again, thank God we now have a President that understands that 
principle.
  In the months after 9-11, the President rose to the occasion. But let 
me add that in the months after just being elected President, in his 
first few months, I had three separate discussions in the White House 
about a policy that might eliminate the Taliban. So I was involved in 
discussions with the White House, this White House, the Bush White 
House, prior to 9-11, trying to make sure that we would move forward. I 
was having a very receptive audience on how we could rid the world of 
the Taliban regime. The President was, as I say, and his staff, were 
very, very receptive. And then 9-11 happened.
  In fact, let me note that on 9-11 I called the National Security 
Adviser to the President. I actually called on 9-10, the day before the 
attack. Because of my contacts in Afghanistan and my analysis of what 
was going on, I realized our country was about to be attacked. I did 
not know exactly what form it would take, but I called the White House 
to warn the National Security Adviser. I called and I said this is an 
emergency, it is a national security emergency, I need to talk to 
Condoleezza Rice and the White House operative got back to me and said, 
Congressman, she is so busy today, but she will see you. He said she 
will see you tomorrow at 2 p.m. so on 9-11 I had an appointment at 2 
p.m. in the afternoon to see Condoleezza Rice to warn her that our 
country was about to be attacked.

                              {time}  1930

  But let me just say that after the attack on 9-11, our President rose 
to the occasion. He has been an incredibly impressive human being in 
the days since 9-11. He has pledged to the American people that he will 
hunt down every one of those people involved, those terrorists, those 
murderers who killed our people on 9-11, and that we will do everything 
necessary to protect America's national security, and that is just what 
he has been doing over this last year and a half.
  He has been handicapped, however, by the same State Department that 
traveled around after me all those years and stonewalled my efforts to 
get rid of the Taliban and to prevent them from getting into power, the 
same entrenched elite State Department is at play, and our President 
has had to deal with them all of this time in achieving his goals. They 
undermine elected officials whom they cannot control. And even with a 
world-class leader like Colin Powell at the helm, this entrenched 
foreign policy bureaucracy still seems to be in power and still has 
inordinate control over American foreign policy.
  Afghanistan is an example. Even from the outside, the policy that we 
had towards Afghanistan seemed disjointed. It looked a little bit 
disjointed in the days after 9-11. It took our President and Secretary 
Rumsfeld to push aside a State Department that was committed, and get 
this, our State Department after 9-11 was still committed to keeping 
the Taliban in power, even after 9-11. It took all of the effort, as I 
said, our President and Rumsfeld to push that policy aside and trash-
can it.
  Let me note also, we were operating in Afghanistan after 9-11 almost 
blind. Members will hear that the CIA was involved in Afghanistan 
before the Green Berets, but let me tell Members and I cannot give the 
exact number but almost none, there was very limited CIA presence in 
Afghanistan. The State Department and the CIA did not know who the 
players were because they had pooh-poohed all of the anti-Taliban 
forces for so long they did not know who they were.
  The plan at that point that the State Department was pushing was to 
leave the Taliban in power and to send a huge military force, an 
American force in through the south using Pakistan as a base of 
operations, and take control of perhaps Kabul or a city in southern 
Afghanistan and then to negotiate with the Taliban who controls the 
entire countryside for the return of bin Laden. That would have been a 
disaster, and it was based on leaving the Taliban in power, people who 
hated us, people who turned their country into a staging area for a 
terrorist operation intentionally. They knew what was going on. They 
hated America and hated the west, and we were going to leave them in 
power?
  Well, let us put it this way. The best that our State Department 
could do and the CIA could do is probably that plan because they did 
not know anybody in the anti-Taliban forces. There was a team of people 
who went shortly after 9-11 to the Department of Defense, to the State 
Department, to the CIA, and made sure that our government at the 
highest levels knew the names and locations of those people who were 
fighting the Taliban who could provide thousands of fighters. We 
provided the names, the locations, the number of fighters available, 
and even the satellite telephone numbers of the so-called warlords who 
were in charge of tens of thousands of troops who would do our bidding 
on the battlefield against the Taliban.
  That small team that went there to advise our government were made up 
of people like Charlie Santos, Paul Behrends, Al Santoli, Dusty Rhoades 
and myself. Meeting after meeting took place, and all this information 
was transmitted. At the DOD, people went to work immediately to try to 
put in place a plan that could dislodge the Taliban and destroy al 
Qaeda. The group in the DOD that took the ball and ran with it include 
Paul Wolfowitz, Peter Rodman, Bill Lutti and several others who acted 
immediately on this opportunity to work with the people of Afghanistan 
to help them throw out their tyrants.
  We helped them liberate themselves from the tyranny of the Taliban. 
Thus, we accomplished our own foreign policy objectives by working with 
people and promoting our own ideals of freedom and democracy.
  What was put into place was Task Force Dagger, one of the most 
successful military operations in U.S. history. It was turned from a 
plan into an historical accomplishment by the courage, skill and hard 
work of unsung heroes, yes, some of them in the CIA, and yes, many of 
them in the special forces. Special forces heroes like Captain Nutsch 
became legendary in Afghanistan but unknown to the people of the United 
States. Thanks to people like Special Forces Captain Nutsch, we won an 
incredible victory in Afghanistan, losing only about 35 people to 
hostile fire. We should be proud of our defenders and grateful to the 
Afghans who fought with them and destroyed the

[[Page 10088]]

Taliban and bin Laden's forces in Afghanistan. For a second time, these 
people in Afghanistan did our bidding, rose up and fought America's 
enemy and defeated that enemy.
  I recently visited the grave of a CIA officer who was there on the 
scene and helped fight this battle and helped organize this magnificent 
victory. I went to the grave of Mike Spann who was buried in Mazar-e-
Sharif. I was there about 10 days ago. The local people are so grateful 
to Mike Spann they had a ceremony to honor him. They built a monument 
to him. It is a very inspiring monument because they realize that the 
Taliban oppressors would have never been defeated had the special 
forces teams not been there to help them with the logistic supplies and 
the forces that they needed to defeat the Taliban.
  But let us not forget that as the battle in Afghanistan progressed, 
voices were heard here that were less than supportive of what we were 
doing. This was even after 9-11. The pessimists and naysayers were at 
work and they started talking, even after a week or two, talking about 
a quagmire that we were in, and they started a propaganda campaign 
against, and they are the ones who came up with the word ``warlords,'' 
they started labeling our people and trying to find out what was wrong 
with those forces who were fighting with us rather than being grateful 
that we had people who were working with us to destroy the Taliban and 
al Qaeda who had murdered thousands of our people.
  Forces under commanders like General Dostum, Halli, Ata, Faheen, and 
Ishmail Khan led ground forces there in Afghanistan that drove the 
Taliban out of Afghanistan and defeated the al Qaeda forces. I will let 
Members know the al Qaeda were the Taliban's old home people who were 
engaged in this sort of cult, which represented about 10 percent of the 
people. They were Afghans, but al Qaeda was made up of foreigners, many 
from Pakistan but many Arabs as well, who had come into Afghanistan to 
use Afghanistan as a base of operations against the west. But also, 
anyone in Afghanistan that raised their head in opposition to the 
Taliban were brutally murdered by bin Laden and his thugs. They were 
grateful when we came to help free them from these radical fanatics who 
were coming in from outside their country and murdering them to keep 
the Taliban in power.
  Yes, we can be grateful to those people in Afghanistan. We can also 
be grateful to our special forces and CIA, and we can be grateful to 
those people in the United States. Again, these things do not just 
happen. They happen because we have planned for them. What happened is 
we had the high-tech weapons system that we needed to do the job. Yes, 
Bill Clinton during his years did permit some of these weapons systems 
to be built. He dramatically cut the defense budget, but that is okay. 
These weapons systems were permitted within the budget left.
  But with those high-tech weapons systems, we were able, with the 
courage and cooperation and alliance with those people in Afghanistan, 
to get this job done. But what has happened in Afghanistan is not over. 
We need to do what is right diplomatically and make the right political 
decisions if we are to make sure that this does not happen all over 
again, that Afghanistan does not get drawn back into a morass of evil.
  What we must do first of all is help them rebuild their country. Our 
President has laid out a plan that has been very committed even through 
the Iraqi operation to making sure the people of Afghanistan have the 
help they need. We have not given them enough as of yet, and there have 
been bureaucratic roadblocks to the rebuilding of Afghanistan. Although 
there has been about $1 billion spent and there are signs that things 
will be getting better, the pace has been inexcusably slow. We need to 
speed that pace up, and we need to make sure that they can rebuild 
their country and their aqueducts, rebuild their roads and hospitals 
and schools.
  Mr. Speaker, ten days ago I was in Afghanistan. I drove about half 
the distance of that country on back roads, and I will tell Members it 
was a sight to see. There were burned out Russian tanks everywhere and 
rubble strewn. I saw a gang of kids, probably about 100 of them, and I 
stopped the car and went over to see them. I had an interpreter with 
me. It was kids who had arranged the rubble of a building that had been 
destroyed so they could sit down, and they were teaching each other to 
read and write. They were teaching each other to read and write sitting 
in the rubble. We need to work with those young people so they can 
learn to read and write, do their numbers, and so that they can be part 
of the community of nations, part of this great new world that we are 
building rather than be manipulated in ignorance by some extremist 
religious sect.
  We also need to really make solid and right decisions about what is 
going on politically. Let me note that those people who helped us 
defeat the Taliban were basically from the northern part of the country 
where there are five different ethnic groups. These are not warlords 
and warlord armies, these are ethnic group militias that knew they had 
to arm themselves to be safe, just like our forefathers armed 
themselves and had their militias. That represents about half of the 
country in the north. That represents 50 percent of the Afghan 
population. The other 50 percent of the Afghan population are Pashtuns. 
Their territory is along the Pakistani border. Because they represent 
50 percent of it, they represent a much bigger portion. Thus, in a 
central government we can expect that the Pashtuns will have much more 
influence than those 5 ethnic groups in the north.

                              {time}  1945

  But it was the ethnic groups in the north that were America's 
friends. They were the ones who put their lives on the line for us, and 
to a certain degree the Pashtuns did not fight very much at all; and, 
in fact, many of them were relatively sympathetic in one way or the 
other or at least acquiesced to the Taliban because they were cousins 
or whatever. This is what is happening today. Unfortunately, I am sad 
to report after my trip to Afghanistan, our government is again siding 
with those people who are not our friends, and they are trying to 
undercut our friends. The people who fought for us and helped liberate 
Afghanistan from the Taliban, those forces in the north, are being 
undermined, and they are doing everything they can to try to disarm 
those people even as skirmishes with the Taliban still occur in the 
southern part of the country.
  And of course our government, the United States Government, the State 
Department, if I can put that in a more correct term, is pushing to 
have a system in Afghanistan totally out of sync with the American 
experience. In fact, they are using the French model in Afghanistan. In 
Afghanistan what they are doing is asking for a strong central 
government that will appoint local leaders. That is not what we do in 
the United States. We have layered government. We have federalism. We 
have State and local people elected; thus, if someone takes over 
Washington, whether it is Bill Clinton or whoever, the whole country 
does not go crazy. They just say okay, we have different people in 
different parts of the country. We have checks and balances and 
separations of power. They want none of that in Afghanistan. They want 
a strong government that will be dominated by Pashtuns who were 
sympathetic to Taliban or dominated by an ethnic group that was 
sympathetic and at the expense of the people who fought for us.
  The answer is very simple. Let us look to the American experience. 
Let us stand for American principles. Let us not model it after France. 
Let us have a government that we can support in Afghanistan that gives 
those people freedom like we have in the United States to control their 
own destiny through the ballot box.
  And how should we do that? It is very simple. In Afghanistan let the 
people there enjoy the right to control their destiny through the 
ballot box through a federal system, and, that is, they should have the 
right to elect their local mayors like we do and like in Canada, like 
what is happening in Iraq.

[[Page 10089]]

We are insisting they have a system in Iraq where the Kurds and the 
Shiites and the Sunnies all get to elect their local mayors and 
provincial governors, but the State Department in Afghanistan is 
insisting that we go the opposite direction. Why? Because a deal has 
been cut somewhere. That is what everybody believes. I have no evidence 
right in front of me that there is a deal any more than I had evidence 
for a long time that there was a deal with Pakistan and Saudi Arabia 
about the Taliban to begin with; but in the end if we follow what the 
State Department is trying to push on the people of Afghanistan, we 
will have a strong central government and the people in the north who 
are our greatest friends will be denied the right to elect their own 
local and provincial leaders. This is wrong. It is wrong, and it will 
not work.
  Our Government works because our Founding Fathers had an 
understanding of human nature. If people control their own police force 
or their own schools locally, they will be less threatened by a central 
government that is someone who controls it who is a bit different than 
they are, perhaps of a different ethnic group because that person only 
has control over the national army, which it should, and road systems 
and communication systems and health care and such that are of national 
importance, but the people locally can control their own destiny 
through the ballot box, through electing their own mayors and governors 
and control their police force. If a policeman is beating someone up, 
we call the mayor whom we have elected, and the mayor is not an 
appointee of Kabul. He is our friend because he has been elected there, 
and he will make sure that we are being treated right by our 
government.
  Or if our kids are not learning in school, I should not have to 
convince our State Department, Americans, that it is right for people 
to elect their own leaders, but yet that is what they are trying to 
foist on the people of Afghanistan, and of course there is a reaction 
from the north. The so-called warlords, are they going to disarm for 
that? When I was there, I went and talked to three of the so-called 
warlords. They are really people who are military leaders of militias 
of the various ethnic groups, and I got a terrific and a tremendous 
positive response to the idea of this, and this is what I have offered 
as a compromise, and of course our State Department, just like when I 
tried to offer the king as an alternative to the Taliban, I imagine 
they were trying to undercut this alternative all the way; and that is 
the military leaders in the north have agreed to disband their armies, 
to totally demobilize and to disarm if the constitution in Afghanistan, 
which our government is involved with pushing, guarantees the right of 
local people to vote and control their own destiny through the ballot 
box, meaning they can vote for their provincial governors and for their 
local city councils and mayors. Is that too much?
  These so-called warlords who we are going to hear being vilified over 
and over again, these warlords are willing to disarm, to trade in their 
bullets in exchange for ballots. Is that not a wonderful 
accomplishment? And of course I am pushing that as a compromise, and I 
would hope that our government, just as I know we had to shame the 
State Department into giving up its notion that the Taliban would stay 
in power, I hope that the State Department is made to understand that 
we are going to have a democratic system in Afghanistan that permits 
all the people guaranteed rights through the same sort of guarantees we 
have in the United States. We want to use the American model, not the 
French model, in Afghanistan. That is what will work. That is what we 
need to do, and I would hope that we do not have a corrupt deal with 
Pakistan again to try to force one group into a controlled situation of 
all of Afghanistan.
  That is the type of immoral decision-making and political power, 
wheeling and dealing that does not work. What works, fascinatingly 
enough, and makes it a more peaceful world and works for the security 
of our country is not wheeling and dealing pragmatism, which the State 
Department talks about, but instead principled, principled and moral 
decision-making. How about that? Pragmatism does not work. It does not 
make a better world. Principled and moral decision-making does.
  So, by the way, just let me just suggest that I think that we too can 
make it work not only in Afghanistan, but that same idea works with 
Iraq. Our President showed his incredible leadership and his strength 
and resolve in liberating Iraq. And as I say, we can help bring those 
people to a more democratic society and a society where they can elect 
their provincial leaders. That is our policy in Iraq to let provincial 
leaders be elected, their governors and their mayors, but not in 
Afghanistan.
  Whether or not Iraq under Saddam Hussein had weapons of mass 
destruction is not relevant, and I know I keep getting asked this and 
my liberal friends keep pushing on this, when are we going to find the 
weapons of mass destruction? I do not care if we never find weapons of 
mass destruction. The fact is Saddam Hussein had a blood grudge against 
the people of the United States for what we did in eliminating him from 
power when he invaded Kuwait. We humiliated him in front of the world. 
He would have done everything possible to hurt and kill the people of 
the United States, the more power he got in his hands. And Iraq has 
vast new oil resources that are becoming available to it. Within a 5-
year period had we not acted, Saddam Hussein would be the most 
economically powerful person not only in that region but in the world.
  And is there any doubt he would have used that power to overthrow the 
weak and the fat Saudi regime and thus he would have become even more 
powerful, perhaps the most powerful man on the Earth, and we were going 
to let that happen? A man who hated us and had a blood grudge against 
us? Maybe he did, maybe he did not have a nuclear weapons program; but 
with the tens of billions of dollars available to him, 5 years down the 
road he would have bought as many nuclear weapons from China or Korea 
as he wanted to buy. That was definitely a threat. And unlike President 
Clinton, our great President, George Bush, decided not just to pass it 
on to a future generation. Now that the people of America were focused 
and willing to do what was necessary for our security, President Bush 
prudently decided that taking Saddam Hussein out and working with the 
people of Iraq to build a democratic Iraq was the most important thing 
we could do for our national security, and I am sure that President 
Bush is going to leave to the next generation of Americans a world that 
is safer and more secure and with more opportunity than what his 
predecessor left the world with, which was he left us with every 
problem that he did not solve.
  I mean, President Clinton left us with the Taliban and al Qaeda; and, 
by the way, he also left us with a Korea that we now find has what? A 
nuclear weapon. By the way, the Clinton proposal that stopped the 
crisis over the nuclear weapons program in Korea was that President 
Clinton agreed to give lots and lots and lots of money to North Korea, 
one of the weirdest dictatorships in the world; and over the last 7 
years, I guess it has been, over my objection and the gentleman from 
California's (Mr. Cox) and others, North Korea has been the largest 
recipient of American foreign aid of any country in Asia; and now they 
tell us, guess what, we fed their people, and they use their own money 
to develop a nuclear bomb. Surprise, surprise.
  If I have any complaint of our President during this crisis in our 
lead-up to Iraq was that he did not immediately talk about the moral 
basis for his decision-making. He was playing lots of games, and I am 
sure the State Department made him play those political power games at 
the United Nations and with NATO, but it took him a long time to do 
that, and he jumped through a lot of hoops trying to prove he was 
sincere; but I think that was a waste of our time, and, instead, it 
took him a while to get there, but when he gave a speech at the 
American Enterprise Institute, he laid the moral case out, and

[[Page 10090]]

from that moment on we were out to liberate the people of Iraq, to work 
with them, to stand by them in building a more peaceful and a 
democratic society and to free them from this monster, Saddam Hussein, 
who not only had a blood grudge against the people of the United States 
but was the oppressor and the murderer of their people. So thus the 
moral case that the President made at AEI, I think it was a historic 
speech. I would recommend it to all of my colleagues, and I would 
suggest that was when our effort in Iraq took off. That was when the 
momentum was created that was unstoppable.
  And sometimes I am asked why did the Iraqis not just jump up and 
start supporting us as we predicted? What had happened was 10 years 
before under President Bush, Sr., we had let the Iraqis down and they 
were not certain when our forces came in that we would stay there and 
actually help them liberate themselves from their tyrannical regime. 
But I think there is every evidence now that that country is going in 
the right direction and that country will be a light for democracy, and 
we will use this victory to spread democratic government and peace 
throughout this troubled region, a region that was handed to us by 
George Bush's predecessor in flames. The Shiite demonstrations that we 
see are much smaller than the people can see on TV. The Shiite people 
of Iraq are Arab-speaking people. The Shiites of Iran are Persian. They 
are not the same group of people. And also the people of Iraq just 
freed themselves, the Shiites, of a monstrous dictatorship. They are 
not going to replace it with another dictatorship of clerics or anybody 
else.
  Our job in Iraq, as the President has stated, is to help those people 
build democracy, and we will not let anyone pressure their way into 
that government. I know the President has the respect of the people of 
the world now; and when he makes that statement, they listen to him 
unlike they would any other President.

                              {time}  2000

  So I have every confidence that we will not permit anti-democratic 
forces to pressure their way into power, and that we will work with the 
good people of Iraq in building the infrastructure of a system that 
will permit them to democratically elect their leaders. And, when they 
do, we will leave, if that is what they want us to do. We will be happy 
to leave. The President has made that clear. The people of the United 
States have made that clear. Because in building democracy in Iraq and 
helping the other people of that region to have democratic government, 
it helps in our own security.
  We are, with our commitment to freedom and democracy, building a 
better and more peaceful world. This is a world consistent with the 
dream of our Founding Fathers. This is a world that, again, is based on 
decision making, morally, in principle, based on decision making. That 
is the way to make a better world, not pragmatism that is making sort 
of power compromises and deals with people and regimes and gangsters.
  It is when we stand up for our principles and we try to build 
democratic societies, that is when things get better. That is what 
works in this world.
  So I am very grateful tonight to have had this opportunity to go into 
these details. We have challenges ahead of us, because there will 
always be people in the State Department and elsewhere who are thinking 
they are being pragmatic, but really are not living up to our 
principles. There always will be people who undercut our efforts and 
just do not believe that America can be a force for freedom overseas. 
That happened to President Reagan too, when he tried to fight the 
Soviets.
  But we can, with courage, with a commitment from our people, we can 
build a world that is more prosperous, we can build a world at peace, 
and we can build a world that is more free. And our greatest allies are 
the people of Iraq, the people of Afghanistan and the people everywhere 
in those Third World countries and other developing countries that long 
for democratic process and for a better life for them and their 
children.

                          ____________________