[Congressional Record (Bound Edition), Volume 148 (2002), Part 8]
[House]
[Pages 11203-11207]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]




     IMPROVING ACCESS TO PHYSICIANS IN MEDICALLY UNDERSERVED AREAS

  Mr. SENSENBRENNER. Mr. Speaker, I move to suspend the rules and pass 
the bill (H.R. 4858) to improve access to physicians in medically 
underserved areas.
  The Clerk read as follows:

                               H.R. 4858

       Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 
     the United States of America in Congress assembled,

     SECTION 1. WAIVER OF FOREIGN COUNTRY RESIDENCE REQUIREMENT 
                   WITH RESPECT TO INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL 
                   GRADUATES.

       (a) Increase in Numerical Limitation on Waivers Requested 
     by States.--Section 214(l)(1)(B) of the Immigration and 
     Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1184(l)(1)(B)) is amended by 
     striking ``20;'' and inserting ``30;''.
       (b) Extension of Deadline.--Section 220(c) of the 
     Immigration and Nationality Technical Corrections Act of 1994 
     (8 U.S.C. 1182 note) is amended by striking ``2002.'' and 
     inserting ``2004.''.
       (c) Technical Correction.--Section 212(e) of the 
     Immigration and Nationality Act (8 U.S.C. 1182(e)) is amended 
     by striking ``214(k):'' and inserting ``214(l):''.
       (d) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section 
     shall take effect as if this Act were enacted on May 31, 
     2002.

                              {time}  1215

  The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Quinn). Pursuant to the rule, the 
gentleman from Wisconsin (Mr. Sensenbrenner) and the gentlewoman from 
Texas (Ms. Jackson-Lee) each will control 20 minutes.
  The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Wisconsin (Mr. 
Sensenbrenner).


                             General Leave

  Mr. SENSENBRENNER. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that all 
Members may have 5 legislative days within which to revise and extend 
their remarks on H.R. 4858, the bill currently under consideration.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the 
gentleman from Wisconsin?
  There was no objection.
  Mr. SENSENBRENNER. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume.
  Mr. Speaker, H.R. 4858 extends authority for a visa-requirement 
waiver that permits certain foreign medical doctors to practice 
medicine in underserved areas without first leaving the United States. 
The bill also increases the number of foreign residence waivers from 20 
per State to 30 per State.
  Aliens who attend medical school in the United States on ``J'' visas 
are required to leave the United States after graduating to reside 
abroad for 2 years before they may practice medicine in the United 
States. The intent behind this policy is to encourage American-trained 
foreign doctors to return home to improve health conditions and advance 
the medical profession in their native countries.
  In 1994, the Congress created a waiver of the 2-year foreign 
residence requirement for foreign doctors who commit to practicing 
medicine for no less than 3 years in the geographic area or areas, 
either rural or urban, which are designated by the Secretary of Health 
and Human Services as having a shortage of health care professionals. 
The waiver limited the number of foreign doctors to 20 per State so 
that underserved areas in all States receive doctors. The original 
waiver was set to expire on June 1, 1996. The Congress extended the 
waiver to June 1, 2002.
  States with underserved medical areas worry that health facilities in 
such areas will have to close down if the authority for these medical 
waivers is not extended. The States have also requested additional 
waivers so that they have more doctors to help keep their clinics open.
  Mr. Speaker, H.R. 4858 increases the numerical limitation on waivers 
requested by States from 20 per State per year to 30 per State per 
year. It also extends the deadline for the authorization of the waiver 
to June 1, 2004. The bill retroactively takes effect May 31, 2002, 
prior to the waiver's expiration.
  I urge my colleagues to support this bill so that urgently needed 
doctors may continue to practice medicine in areas that are in critical 
need of medical care.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I 
may consume.
  I thank the distinguished chairman of the Committee on the Judiciary. 
I would like to offer my support for this legislation.
  I offer my support for this legislation with a qualification, 
recognizing that this legislation did not come before the Subcommittee 
on Immigration and Claims and was marked up in full committee. I 
believe the importance of this legislation was such that deviation from 
regular order and committee procedures was to be understood. So I rise 
in support of this legislation, a bill that will help provide 
underserved areas with needed health care providers.
  As my colleagues know, there are many inner city and rural areas in 
dire need of doctors, and this program will allow a limited number of 
foreign doctors the opportunity to practice in America. In working on 
this legislation, I worked with Members and colleagues from both rural 
and urban areas, and their advocation for this showed the dire need for 
those who are in underserved areas.
  The bill was introduced by the gentleman from Kansas (Mr. Moran); and 
many of our colleagues from the rural areas and, as I said, inner city 
areas, have asked for this legislation to be in place.
  Mr. Speaker, H.R. 4858 reauthorizes the Conrad 20 program until May 
31, 2004. The reauthorization is retroactively effective to May 31, 
2002, as that was the date of the expiration of the program and also 
noting the ending of the involvement of the USDA. The bill also 
includes a modest increase in the number of eligible foreign 
physicians. That number goes from 20 to 30 based upon a survey showing 
the need.
  Might I note that the Texas Primary Care Office, certainly a State of 
which I come from that recognizes the importance of serving in rural 
areas and inner city areas, surveyed all 50 States on the use of the J-
1 visa. Upon the USDA announcement that they were ending their 
participation, the PCO again surveyed the States and, as a result, the 
most recent survey by the PCO, every State but two, indicated that they 
are or are intending to put in place a Conrad 20 program, which would 
utilize the J-1 visas.
  Under current immigration law, a ``J'' visa is available to foreign 
physicians as an exchange visitor if the person meets certain 
requirements, including the intention to return to his or her home 
country, participation in an exchange visitor program designated by the 
U.S. Information Agency, and participation in a program that is 
intended to train foreign nationals in a field that can be utilized in 
the

[[Page 11204]]

person's home country, and sufficient funds and fluency in English. 
They are limited in the number of visas of a 2- year residency 
requirement available to foreign physicians.
  In particular, a foreign physician may obtain a waiver through a 
recommendation issued by an interested State or Federal agency 
interested in facilitating the physician's employment in a designated 
medically underserved area.
  Until recently, the USDA, as I indicated, participated in this 
program. However, back in late February, citing security concerns, the 
USDA announced that they were no longer going to act as an interested 
government agency in processing J-1 visas. Now the role of recommending 
J-1V visas rests primarily with the State agencies.
  I want to ensure, however, that as we work with the INS, that the INS 
certainly will be involved in providing assistance as it may be needed. 
This is an important aspect of the question of homeland security, and I 
would hope this legislation does not in any way suggest to the American 
people that we attempt to jeopardize security and/or would not be 
concerned in light of the Federal oversight agency, the USDA, no longer 
being involved in those programs. Rural communities still need health 
care, urban centers still need health care; in fact, Americans need 
health care.
  It is interesting to note, Mr. Speaker, the fast pace at which this 
legislation has come. Again, I would like to thank the proponents of 
the legislation, and they have my support, but certainly I would be 
remiss if I did not mention the fact that we are about to address the 
question dealing with Medicare and the particular provisions to provide 
senior citizens with efforts to give them a Medicare drug benefit.
  I am hoping that as we came together in a bipartisan manner to 
support this legislation, as I indicated that I support, that we can 
look seriously at the Democratic proposal. That is a serious proposal 
that provides a deductible and a $25-a-month premium and provides for 
an 80 percent coverage for Medicare benefits for our seniors. This is 
the kind of work we should be doing in the House of Representatives. 
This is the kind of serious legislation that we should be doing and not 
attending to special interests and harming the particular senior 
citizens that we are trying to protect.
  So, with that, Mr. Speaker, let me support this legislation and hope 
that my colleagues in a bipartisan manner will likewise support this 
legislation so that we can have good health care, protected health care 
in this country.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. SENSENBRENNER. Mr. Speaker, I yield 5 minutes to the gentleman 
from Kansas (Mr. Moran), the author of the bill.
  Mr. MORAN of Kansas. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from 
Wisconsin and the gentlewoman from Texas for their remarks earlier 
today; and I would like to thank them, as well as the gentleman from 
Pennsylvania (Mr. Gekas), the subcommittee chairman, that dealt with 
this issue for their prompt attention to an issue that is terribly 
important to rural America and urban America as well. It is good to see 
us come together, Republicans and Democrats, urban and rural, on behalf 
of health care for our citizens.
  Much of our time, in fact, this week much of our time will be spent 
on the affordability of health care. How do we help our citizens pay 
for it? How do we make health care more affordable? Many of us who live 
in regions of the country that are underserved struggle to have access 
to health care. How do we keep physicians in our communities? How do we 
keep our hospital doors open? How do we have our other health care 
providers available for the citizens who happen to live in the urban 
core of the city or in a rural community of our country?
  One of the ways that we can help address the issue of physicians in 
underserved areas is the J-1 visa program. Clearly, it has been an 
opportunity for physicians to remain in the United States and serve in 
those underserved areas during the history of the program beginning in 
1994. There are 98 physicians in Kansas who were waived under this 
program. Of those, 50 are still practicing in our State.
  Mr. Speaker, this is often the only opportunity that a community, a 
clinic, or a hospital in a rural or underserved urban area has to 
access a physician. I would guess in the 6 years that I have been a 
Member of Congress, probably not more than 4 weeks goes by that I do 
not have a call or letter or e-mail from a clinic, a community, or a 
hospital saying, can you help us locate a physician and can you help us 
with the paperwork associated with the J-1 visa.
  These are ways in which our communities are served. Lacrosse, Kansas, 
population 1,800 has had a J-1 visa physician in place who is now 
retiring. He and his wife are the only physicians in the community. 
They are both here on a J-1 visa. For 2 years they have been telling 
the community they are retiring. The community has been looking for a 
physician and, gratefully, they found a J-1 visa physician.
  They may have been the last J-1 visa granted in the United States. 
Back in February of this year, the Department of Agriculture concluded 
that it would no longer be an interested government agency for 
processing J-1 visas.
  The Rural Health Care Coalition, which I chair with the gentleman 
from North Carolina (Mr. McIntyre) and I tried to quickly respond to 
this issue. In fact, 56 Members of Congress, including the gentleman 
from Nebraska (Mr. Osborne) and the gentleman from Texas (Mr. 
Stenholm), who are here today, asked the Bush administration to come 
together and to solve the problem. Because there are two ways a J-1 
visa can be issued, one through the Federal Government and one through 
the State program. Forty-six States in our country has a State program. 
Kansas is one that does not, although we are certainly encouraging them 
under the current circumstances to create a State program.
  Today, we reauthorized both programs. The Bush administration and the 
Department of Agriculture, I am very grateful to them, they responded. 
They processed the J-1 applications that were in the works; and they 
decided to have an inter-government agency meeting, a set of meetings, 
between INS, the State Department, the Department of Agriculture, the 
Department of Health and Human Services to figure out how do we 
continue the J-1 visa program.
  So this actually is an experience in the 6 years I have been in 
Congress in which I thought government responded in a way that it 
should to meet the needs of citizens of our Nation.
  So today I am here to support strongly the reauthorization of the J-1 
visa program, to continue to encourage the Federal Government to be 
engaged in the process of helping us sponsor J-1 visa physicians and to 
particularly reauthorize the program for States and to expand the 
number of individual physicians that can be admitted under the State 
program from 20 a year to 30 a year to meet the needs in the absence of 
a Federal interested government agency of rural communities across our 
country.
  The program is important. It is the way that health care is delivered 
in rural and urban settings across our country. Access to a physician 
is so important, and it ought not matter where you live. This program 
has worked. Security and other concerns with the program are being 
addressed, and we have general support from the Bush administration and 
from the INS and from the State Department as we reauthorize this 
program, both at the Federal level and at the State level.
  I appreciate the Rural Health Care Coalition and my colleagues in 
Congress who care about these issues; and I appreciate the fact that 
Republicans, Democrats, and urban and rural Members of Congress came 
together on behalf of citizens and the delivery of health care to those 
citizens here on the floor this afternoon. I urge my colleagues to 
support this legislation. I thank again the chairman and the ranking 
members for their continued consideration of this issue and their 
promptness in moving it.

[[Page 11205]]

  Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I 
may consume.
  I thank the gentleman from Kansas for his leadership on this issue, 
and I thank him for the very important statement of having Americans 
have access to good health care. That is why I remind my colleagues of 
the importance of ensuring that we have an effective Medicare 
prescription drug benefit that clearly is fundable and clearly is 
supportable by the seniors who need it very much.
  Mr. Speaker, I am delighted to yield 5 minutes to the distinguished 
gentleman from Texas (Mr. Stenholm).
  Mr. STENHOLM. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentlewoman for yielding me 
this time.
  I rise in strong support of H.R. 4858, which I have been pleased to 
work on and cosponsor with the gentleman from Kansas (Mr. Moran). I 
thank the gentleman from Wisconsin (Mr. Sensenbrenner) for bringing the 
bill to the floor today.
  Mr. Speaker, H.R. 4858 reauthorizes and expands the State Conrad 20 
program. The 2-year reauthorization allows States to continue to act as 
an interested government agency in order to sponsor foreign-born 
doctors to practice in medically underserved areas. The number of 
doctors that can be sponsored per State is expanded from 20 to 30.
  Since the mid-1990s, 42 States and the District of Columbia have been 
using the Conrad 20 program, processing an estimated 595 physicians per 
year.

                              {time}  1230

  However, the demand for doctors continues to grow. Despite a 
continuing population migration to urban and suburban communities 
throughout the State, the vast majority of Texas remains rural, posing 
unique challenges to the delivery and accessibility of high-quality 
health care. Not only are health care services likely to be unevenly 
distributed, but many rural residents do not even have access to a 
local doctor, primary care provider, or hospital.
  Regrettably, a doctor would diagnose the health care problems in 
rural communities as chronic and persistent. The issues are not new, 
and we have tried a variety of medicines to remedy these problems, but 
we still have a long way to go before we achieve a healthy rural 
America.
  Consider the following state-wide facts: 77 percent of Texas counties 
are considered rural, and 88 percent of these are considered medically 
underserved; 2.9 million people, or 15 percent of the State's 19.6 
million residents, reside in nonmetropolitan counties; 25 rural Texas 
counties have no primary care physician; an additional 29 counties have 
only one; only 11 percent of licensed primary care physicians practice 
in rural areas.
  For other health professionals, the figures are similar: pharmacists, 
11.9 percent; physician assistants, 18 percent.
  Access to primary care promotes appropriate entry into the health 
system and is vital to ensure the long-term viability of rural health 
care delivery. Without access to local health care professionals, rural 
residents are frequently forced to leave their communities to receive 
necessary treatments. Not only is this a burden to rural residents, who 
are often older or lack reliable transportation, but it drains vital 
health care dollars from the local community, further straining the 
financial well-being of rural communities.
  It is imperative that we identify and expand those programs that 
provide physicians, pharmacists, nurses, dentists, and physician 
assistants incentives to practice in rural areas. The J-1 visa waiver 
program was expanded in 1995, allowing medical exchange graduates in 
U.S. residency training to extend their stay for 3 years, provided they 
practice in an underserved community.
  For certain rural, as well as urban, areas in the United States, the 
J-1 docs have been key providers. Since 1995, Texas alone has received 
the services of over 350 J-1 physicians. This represents service to a 
population of over 1 million people. One million people have received 
health care that they would not otherwise have received, or at least it 
would have been more difficult to receive, as a result of this program 
that we reauthorize today.
  However, on March 1, 2002, USDA made a unilateral decision to stop 
acting as a sponsor for international medical graduates in rural health 
services. Everyone involved in this program, starting with the 
Department of Public Health of every State, to the health care 
facilities who are desperately waiting for their recruited physicians 
to start work in their rural communities, to the doctor who needed the 
waiver to start work and have legal status, were shocked to learn of 
the elimination of this vital program.
  Through the quick efforts of the Rural Health Care Coalition, we were 
able to convince USDA at a minimum to process those doctors who already 
had an application pending. While I am pleased with USDA's decision to 
take a second look at the program, the affected health care facilities 
have lost several critical months during which they could have had a 
physician filling that void in their community.
  However, I would like to take this opportunity to encourage USDA, the 
State Department, and the INS to expedite those pending applications to 
the best extent possible, as our rural communities are in dire need and 
deserve every opportunity to access medical care. The J-1 waiver 
program is considered a lifeline for rural communities all over the 
United States.
  In the 17th district of Texas that I have the privilege of 
representing, I have three hospitals awaiting approval for a J-1 
doctor: Fisher County Hospital in Rotan, North Runnels Hospital in 
Winters, and the San Angelo State School in San Angelo. These are 
doctors whose applications were pending at the time of the decision to 
stop the program.
  Coordination among agencies involved to expeditiously process these 
applicants has reached a critical stage in my district, as I am sure it 
has in many rural areas across the country. I am hopeful through the 
efforts of the Rural Health Care Coalition and the White House task 
force formed to look into reinstating the J-1 program, we can develop a 
workable plan to meet the ever-growing needs of access to quality 
health care in rural America.
  However, until we have an alternative solution at the Federal level, 
there is no other sponsorship program that can fill the void for our 
rural communities other than the Conrad 20 program. I urge my 
colleagues to support H.R. 4858 in an effort to fill that void.
  Mr. SENSENBRENNER. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman 
from Nebraska (Mr. Osborne).
  Mr. OSBORNE. Mr. Speaker, I would like to express my support of H.R. 
4858, introduced by my good friend, the gentleman from Kansas (Mr. 
Moran).
  I am very pleased to be a cosponsor of this legislation, along with 
the gentleman from Kansas and the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Stenholm), 
who recently spoke. All of us serve sparsely populated rural areas. 
There are a lot of small towns with great distances between these 
towns.
  It is very, very difficult in these areas to recruit doctors. Usually 
in these types of communities there is only one doctor, and usually 
that doctor is the only doctor for many, 30, 40, or 50, miles. So the 
problem is that the doctor knows when he goes to that community that 
there is not going to be any rotation, and that doctor is always on 
call at 2 o'clock in the morning, 6 o'clock in the morning, late at 
night, whatever.
  So, number one, it is difficult to find somebody that will answer 
that call. Then once you get somebody who will agree, oftentimes it is 
even more difficult to recruit that doctor's spouse, because in those 
communities there is no shopping center, there is no symphony, there is 
no major league sports team in any close proximity. So to get that 
combination of a doctor and the spouse that will come to that type of 
community is very difficult.
  When a small town loses a doctor, then it loses its hospital and then 
begins to lose young people, because young people with children usually 
do not want to be in a community where there is no hospital or no 
doctor. The community very rapidly begins to unravel.

[[Page 11206]]

  By April 15 of this year, 36 physicians were placed in rural Nebraska 
communities under the J-1 program. An example of this would be Oshkosh, 
Nebraska, which is a county of roughly 1,700 square miles with one 
doctor serving 2,500 people. We were able to secure an internist from 
Poland on a J-1 visa waiver. This has been critical to the survival of 
the hospital and the community.
  So this has been a tremendously important program to rural areas as 
well as to urban areas. We like the flexibility of the program. It has 
been able to provide some key specialists in certain communities.
  Mr. Speaker, we urge support of H.R. 4858. I would like to thank the 
gentleman from Kansas (Mr. Moran) for his leadership, and I would like 
to especially thank the gentleman from Wisconsin (Chairman 
Sensenbrenner) for bringing this legislation to the floor.
  Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself the balance of 
my time.
  Mr. Speaker, in conclusion, let me acknowledge two points that I 
thought the previous speakers made very well, but I think it is very 
important.
  It is very important that the pending applications be processed 
between the INS, the State Department, and the USDA. I think it is also 
important to recognize that not having a physician in any community, 
whether it be urban or rural, is like not having a school. It is a 
vital part of the components of a community, such as access to health 
care.
  This particular legislation had the concerns, of course, because it 
represented foreign physicians, that there was a question of homeland 
security, or a question of security in light of the incidences of 
September 11.
  One of the things that we are trying to do as the President moves his 
legislation forward is to ensure that, as much as we can, the 
lifestyles of Americans and the values of Americans continue. We 
recognize that as these individuals come in to share their talents that 
this particular visa will give them the authority to work and to give 
service, but it also gives the ability for this country to be safe. We 
should balance those responsibilities.
  Let me also say, Mr. Speaker, that our previous speakers have 
mentioned the fact that access to health care is important, and I 
believe that the quality of health care is important. So that is why I 
emphasize in my support of this legislation the importance, as well, 
for this Congress to support a viable Medicare drug benefit through the 
Medicare process, one that will provide the 80 percent coverage, a 
premium of $25, and a deductible of $100.
  We must realize that when we do this for our seniors and those that 
need access to health care, we provide preventive medicine. What we do 
in doing that is to ensure that the usage of Medicare part A and B 
hospitalization, emergency surgeries, et cetera, are diminished because 
we have the kind of care that our seniors need with respect to a good 
Medicare drug benefit for prescription drugs.
  Mr. Speaker, the fight still continues for good health care in 
America. When we pass this legislation, we will help our rural and 
inner city areas which are underserved, and we will fix some of those 
problems; but we will not fix them in totality if we do not pass a 
Medicare drug benefit, prescription drug benefit, tied to the Medicare 
plan that provides 80 percent coverage and is not one that plays to the 
special interests, paying money to pharmaceuticals when that is not 
needed.
  We really need to be seriously considering providing good health 
care.
  Mr. COSTELLO. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of H.R. 4858. The 
number of doctors practicing in rural America continues to decline. 
Congress needs to find ways to meet the medical needs of all rural 
Americans. This important legislation brings us one step closer to 
improving access to medical care in rural America by expanding a state 
program to recruit physicians.
  The need for this legislation became crucial after the Federal 
program used to bring doctors to rural areas was brought to a halt in 
February 2002. The U.S. Department of Agriculture announced it would no 
longer process J-1 Visa applications for foreign doctors wishing to 
practice in underserved areas. This left the state operated program as 
the only option for recruiting much-needed doctors to work in medically 
underserved areas. However, this program expired on May 31, 2002.
  H.R. 4558 reauthorizes the state program for two years and expands 
the program from 20 to 30 doctors per state, in order to accommodate 
the increased demands. This year alone, three psychiatrists applying 
for the J-1 visa program in Illinois left my state to apply in other 
states because Illinois could not provide any additional J-1 Visa 
waivers. This legislation would have allowed these psychiatrists to 
remain in Illinois where their service is greatly needed. Since 1994, 
the J-1 Visa waiver program has brought 338 physicians to Illinois, 
many of which currently serve in my district.
  I am committed to ensuring that, to the maximum extent possible, 
physicians are available to provide service to medically underserved 
areas. J-1 Visa participants can and will help meet these needs once 
the program is reauthorized. Mr. Speaker, for these reasons I support 
this legislation and urge my colleagues to do the same.
  Mr. TOWNS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of H.R. 4858, 
introduced by my colleague Congressman Moran of Kansas. As a co-sponsor 
of this legislation, let me stress that it is vital to maintaining 
access to health care for the medically underserved, both in urban and 
rural areas. This legislation is needed to reauthorize the J-1 Visa 
waiver program, whose authorization expired on June 1, 2002. The J-1 
Visa waiver program has been successful in recruiting physicians in 
both primary care and specialty areas in both rural and urban medically 
underserved communities. Without this critical program many rural 
communities would be without access to basic primary care if not for a 
physician with a J-1 Visa waiver.
  Since its inception in 1994, the J-1 Visa program has been successful 
as both a Federal and State program, but in late February, the U.S. 
Department of Agriculture announced that it was no longer going to act 
as the Federal Interested Government Agency (IGA) in processing J-1 
Visa applications for physicians wishing to practice 8 in rural 
underserved areas. The USDA cited security concerns as the issue. 
However, USDA's decision caused a major shortage of filling the needs 
of the medically underserved. Although, the Administration has formed a 
task force to address the Federal J-1 program in selecting another IGA 
to sponsor candidates, we still need to reauthorize the state program 
to limit the disruption in health care services in these communities. 
Today, I am pleased that we here in Congress have an opportunity to 
take a proactive stand to ensure that the states' J-1 Visa program is 
continued. I urge my colleagues to support this bill.
  Mr. SIMPSON. Mr. Speaker, I rise to support H.R. 4858, introduced by 
my good friend Representative Jerry Moran of Kansas. This legislation 
will extend for two years the J-1 visa waiver program for states and 
increase each state's allotment from 20 to 30.
  The J-1 visa waiver program allows foreign medical students to remain 
practicing in the U.S. without having to return to their home countries 
for two years, as the J-1 visa requires. International Medical 
Graduates are a thriving part of the physician population in the U.S. 
It is estimated that close to 24% of practicing physicians are foreign 
nationals. In addition, in 1999 over 2,000 foreign medical graduates 
were practicing in health professional shortage areas or medically 
underserved areas, where waiver recipients are required to work.
  I am a strong supporter of the J-1 visa waiver program and disagree 
with USDA's decision to withdraw as an Interested Government Agency. 
Since 1994, California has received 229 J-1 visa waiver physicians to 
practice in underserved areas. Five states--Texas, Louisiana, Michigan, 
California and Florida account for 45% of USDA J-1 recommendations. 
USDA's withdrawal has left states with nowhere else to turn but to the 
state waiver programs, often referred to as Conrad-20 programs.
  Since the USDA began its program in 1994, the agency has recommended 
over 3,000 physicians for J-1 visa waiver status. As USDA will not 
longer make these recommendations, the states now will have to fill 
this vital role. Hospitals and clinics needing a foreign doctor that 
would have turned to USDA, which did not have a waiver recommendation 
limit, will now relay on the states to fulfill their needs.
  However, the states have been limited to only twenty recommendations 
per year. Without USDA involvement the 20 slots are simply not enough 
to fill the void for most states. I am in support of increasing the 
number of slots to 30, as this will help the problem, but I am worried 
that this number is insufficient for many

[[Page 11207]]

states. A recent survey by the Texas Primary Care office found that 23 
states could recommend more than 20. Although increasing the limit to 
30 will help, it will not address all of the states' needs, especially 
in California. In this same survey, 15 states indicated that they could 
use over 31 waivers. Seven of those states said they could use more 
than 51 waivers.
  This J-1 visa waiver program is essential to ensuring that our rural 
health clinics and medical practices can remain in business serving our 
rural constituencies. These areas cannot attract American doctors 
despite aggressive recruitment procedures. Foreign doctors fill this 
significant role. I strongly support continuing this important state 
program and endorse increasing the number of slots to thirty as a first 
step to providing much needed medical personnel in underserved areas 
across the country.
  Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of H.R. 4858, a bill to 
improve access to physicians in medically underserved areas. In many 
rural areas of the country, we are experiencing an enormous shortage of 
qualified doctors. For this reason, the J-1 visa waiver program was 
established on the State and Federal level.
  This program allowed foreign medical graduates to come to the United 
States on a J-1 visa for up to 3 years to train in accredited residency 
programs in rural, underserved parts of the country. Mr. Speaker, the 
impetus behind accepting physicians from other countries and training 
them in American residency positions is to attract physicians to 
provide care to the medically underserved who live in rural areas where 
doctors trained in the United States do not want to practice.
  The law states that once the residency program is complete, the 
doctors are required to return to their country of origin for two 
years. However, the Federal government and states have the authority to 
waive the requirements if it is in the United States' interest to keep 
the physician here. The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Rural 
Development Branch was thrilled by the waiver because it provided the 
opportunity to retain medical trainees who would continue to serve in 
typically medically underserved communities in rural America. In 
addition, individual state agencies could act as an Interested 
Government Agency (IGA) and under the Conrad 20 program, could process 
up to 20 J-1 doctors on their own.
  Unfortunately, the USDA has indicated an intention to stop granting 
permission under the J-1 visa waiver program. National security 
concerns have taken hold and new, extensive background checks have put 
the USDA in the position of not being able to afford to continue this 
program to keep foreign medical graduates. At the same time, the Conrad 
20 program which allowed states to process J-1 visa waivers expired on 
May 31, 2002.
  I support passage of H.R. 4858, because this legislation would 
reauthorize the Conrad 20 program for 2 years and expand the number of 
J-1 visa waivers to 30 per state in order to make up for increasing 
demands brought on by the termination of the Federal government program 
under the USDA.
  I will work to see that this bill is taken up by the other body and 
signed into law by the President to ensure that medical care is 
available throughout all rural, underserved communities in the United 
States.
  Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my 
time.
  Mr. SENSENBRENNER. Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Quinn). The question is on the motion 
offered by the gentleman from Wisconsin (Mr. Sensenbrenner) that the 
House suspend the rules and pass the bill, H.R. 4858.
  The question was taken.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. In the opinion of the Chair, two-thirds of 
those present have voted in the affirmative.
  Mr.SENSENBRENNER. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and nays.
  The yeas and nays were ordered.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to clause 8, rule XX and the 
Chair's prior announcement, further proceedings on this motion will be 
postponed.

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