[Congressional Record (Bound Edition), Volume 147 (2001), Part 12] [House] [Pages 16762-16852] [From the U.S. Government Publishing Office, www.gpo.gov]EXPRESSING SENSE OF SENATE AND HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES REGARDING TERRORIST ATTACKS LAUNCHED AGAINST UNITED STATES Mr. ARMEY. Mr. Speaker, I offer a joint resolution (H. J. Res. 61), expressing the sense of the Senate and House of Representatives regarding the terrorist attacks launched against the United States on September 11, 2001, and I ask unanimous consent for its immediate consideration pursuant to the following order: Debate on the joint resolution shall be limited to 3 hours equally divided and controlled by the majority leader and the minority leader; After opening speeches, the majority leader and the minority leader each may yield the remainder of his time to the chairman and ranking minority member of the Committee on International Relations, respectively, who may control that time; The previous question shall be considered as ordered on the joint resolution to final passage without intervening motion; and Following passage of the joint resolution and upon receipt of a message that the Senate has passed an identical joint resolution, the House shall be considered to have passed the Senate joint resolution. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Clerk will report the joint resolution. The Clerk read as follows: H.J. Res. 61 Whereas on September 11, 2001, terrorists hijacked and destroyed four civilian aircraft, crashing two of them into the towers of the World Trade Center in New York City, and a third into the Pentagon outside Washington, D.C.; Whereas thousands of innocent Americans were killed and injured as a result of these attacks, including the passengers and crew of the four aircraft, workers in the World Trade Center and in the Pentagon, rescue workers, and bystanders; Whereas these attacks destroyed both towers of the World Trade Center, as well as adjacent buildings, and seriously damaged the Pentagon; and Whereas these attacks were by far the deadliest terrorist attacks ever launched against the United States, and, by targeting symbols of American strength and success, clearly were intended to intimidate our Nation and weaken its resolve: Now, therefore, be it Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That Congress-- (1) condemns in the strongest possible terms the terrorists who planned and carried out the September 11, 2001, attacks against the United States, as well as their sponsors; (2) extends its deepest condolences to the victims of these heinous and cowardly attacks, as well as to their families, friends, and loved ones; (3) is certain that the people of the United States will stand united as our Nation begins the process of recovering and rebuilding in the aftermath of these tragic acts; (4) commends the heroic actions of the rescue workers, volunteers, and State and local officials who responded to these tragic events with courage, determination, and skill; (5) declares that these premeditated attacks struck not only at the people of America, but also at the symbols and structures of our economic and military strength, and that the United States is entitled to respond under international law; (6) thanks those foreign leaders and individuals who have expressed solidarity with the United States in the aftermath of the attacks, and asks them to continue to stand with the United States in the war against international terrorism; (7) commits to support increased resources in the war to eradicate terrorism; (8) supports the determination of the President, in close consultation with Congress, to bring to justice and punish the perpetrators of these attacks as well as their sponsors; and (9) declares that September 12, 2001, shall be a National Day of Unity and Mourning, and that when Congress adjourns today, it stands adjourned out of respect to the victims of the terrorist attacks. {time} 1500 The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. LaHood). Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from Texas? There was no objection. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Texas (Mr. Armey) and the gentleman from Missouri (Mr. Gephardt) each will control 90 minutes. The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Armey). Mr. ARMEY. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume. Mr. Speaker, this is a time when we should choose our words carefully and deliver them deliberately. Mr. Speaker, this resolution is a resolution that shows our utter contempt and our total resolve after the acts of yesterday. America was attacked yesterday, Mr. Speaker, an evil, cowardly act of war against the American people [[Page 16763]] and against the lovers of freedom across this globe. It is, Mr. Speaker, because of the goodness of the American people that they find it so impossible to understand such acts of barbarism. It is, Mr. Speaker, because of our commitment to peace and freedom and love that we do not understand how people can do these things. But, Mr. Speaker, there are things the American people do understand. We understand the heartbreak of the families of those victims of this atrocity who lost their lives. We as a Nation come together with empathy. Our hearts cry out for the loss, the injustice, the mindlessness of it, the cruelty and the waste; and we come together as a Nation to console one another. Mr. Speaker, we Americans understand the heroism that is demonstrated by our citizens, the quiet heroism of those ordinary working men and women in America who went to work yesterday, to do their duty to themselves, their family, their jobs, to one another, quietly and ordinarily. We understand especially in such dramatic terms the heroism of the firemen and the policemen that rushed to the danger to be of service and help and relief and perhaps to actually save people they did not even know. We understand the heroism of the servicemen and women, quietly going about their job, working for the security of America, for the preservation of freedom, who were assaulted at their desks yesterday; who picked up the pieces, ran to each other's aid, putting their Pentagon back together the best they can, and who will continue to be vigilant for freedom and democracy across this globe. We understand that heroism. And the reason we understand that, Mr. Speaker, is that is who we are. We are a heroic nation. We would prefer to be a quietly heroic nation, doing the mundane things in the ordinary business of life; but, if we are called upon, we will be a heroic nation that will run to the distressed to lend our hand. And we have proven that. Mr. Speaker, we are also a nation of people who understand justice, freedom, democracy, and, Mr. Speaker, security; and that understanding of these values that we hold so deep, Mr. Speaker, should not be underestimated. It is that understanding that allows me to say now, you will be found, those of you who perpetrated this horrible act; you will be found, and you will be made to pay. Mr. Speaker, we also understand what is required of great nations in the service of civilization in this world; and that understanding runs deep in America. It, too, is who we are. And we understand that that commitment to civilized nations, respecting one another and treating our citizens with decency, is why this great nation will not be compelled, not even tempted, in the face of this catastrophe to change its course. No, Mr. Speaker. We will stand together with the great nations of this world who love civilization, democracy, freedom, and decency; and we know they will stand with us at this time. Mr. Speaker, we will stand against tyranny, as we have done. Do not underestimate us in our resolve. This great nation of heroes, who throughout its entire history loved freedom so much that it risked its peace even to defend the freedoms of others, will defend its own freedom. And for you nations in this globe who would harbor the terrorists, who would condone terrorism, who might even support the terrorists, make no mistake about it; you will be held responsible by this great nation, and by all the great nations of this world that love freedom, peace and decency. Mr. Speaker, there is another thing that we Americans understand. We understand faith. We understand the faith of our fathers, we understand that in America we have the wonderful opportunity to have faith in things that are good; and, Mr. Speaker, we understand that by the commitment of our understandings of the goodness of the people, the goodness of our way of life, the goodness of people across the world who love freedom, in the end that faith tells us that good will defeat evil. And all the victims of yesterday will be vindicated by a world that will live free and decent in respect for one another, citizens of all nations and creeds and for our own citizens. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time. Mr. GEPHARDT. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume. Mr. Speaker, I thank the majority leader for bringing this resolution with me and all of our Members. I appreciate his cooperation, the cooperation of the Speaker, and all the leaders of Congress, all the Members. Mr. Speaker, this is a moment for all of us as a people to rise to the occasion, to rise to the challenge. We bring this resolution forward with a heavy heart, but with an unbowed spirit to condemn with one voice the senseless acts of heinous violence that were committed against thousands of our people, to send a signal that we are determined to begin the healing process, and to serve notice that we will take immediate decisive steps in the days ahead to make sure that this never, ever happens again on American soil. Today we gather in sorrow for the military heroes who have lost their lives at the Pentagon, for the thousands of Americans in New York who lost their lives in the horrible explosions at the World Trade Center, and for the countless brave Americans who perished on airplanes hijacked by ruthless terrorists and made into instruments of mass destruction. We salute the incredible, wonderful, heroic rescue workers, medical personnel, firemen and firewomen, policemen and policewomen, who literally ran back in the buildings that crashed around their heads in order to save the lives of others. At this very moment as we meet on the House floor, countless rescue workers are still fighting tirelessly to find people who might be alive in the rubble and trying to bring life back to them, and hundreds of individual unnamed Americans are stepping forward to volunteer, to give blood, to give money, to give time, to volunteer to participate to save lives and to bring people back. We have been so moved by the pictures on the television of rescue workers trying to bring people back to life. I have been moved by their patriotism, by their bravery, their resolve, their willpower, their love for other people at a time of great danger for themselves. This generation of Americans is rising to the occasion, as Americans have always done. I have watched these rescue workers, their bodies covered in soot and dirt and blood, sitting on sidewalks, trying to get their breath, trying to find their surroundings, operating without sleep and help, doing everything in their power as human beings to help others, and giving their lives in order to do it. In the days ahead, we are going to hear more stories of more heroes, true-to-life heroes, who sacrificed in all kind of ways; and, unfortunately, we are going to hear more stories about more victims who succumbed to the violence of these terrorists. In the days to come we as a Congress will be taking the steps to restore American national security and to punish those responsible for this act of war against the United States of America. We will not rest until we find the perpetrators of this highest, most heinous act of crime against our people and against the United States and against civilization and against humanity. This is war; and we will do everything in our power together to make sure that terrorists never, ever again can create this mayhem, this chaos, this violence against our people and our country. This resolution makes clear terrorism is a different, sinister kind of threat that faces all Americans and all people of this world. It demands the strongest possible response from our Congress and from our country. We must review our priorities for spending on national defense and put necessary resources into programs to combat this threat, to ensure that what happened yesterday never, ever happens again. This Congress is united, Democrats, Independents, Republicans. There is no [[Page 16764]] light or air between us. We stand shoulder to shoulder. We will trust one another in the days ahead. We will trust the White House, and we will ask to be trusted in the highest sense of that word, to find the answers that we can agree on to solve this problem, once and for all. {time} 1515 Freedom, freedom in America has burned for everyone in this world for over 200 years. Freedom was founded by our founding ancestors. What happened yesterday changes the nature of freedom in this country and every country forever. We live in a new world, and we will never go back. As leaders, we must find a new balance with our people between freedom and security. We must summon among ourselves our highest and best thought, our highest and best action, so that we can help lead our citizens to a new understanding in a new world of what it means to be free and also secure. Freedom will not be defeated because of the power of our ideas, the values of our democracy and humanity, and because of the wonderful, heroic American people who each day breathe life into the ideas of freedom and democracy. I ask my colleagues to vote for this resolution to condemn this attack, the worst attack in the beloved history of America; and let us move forward as one Nation, one people, for the sake of every single person on this entire planet who believes in freedom and believes in civilization and believes in humanity. Let me end with the words of an old hymn that I love so much. We ask today for God's help. When we face the unexplainable, when we face evil, we must turn to God. As the hymn said, ``And he will raise you up on eagles' wings, bear you on the breath of dawn, make you shine like the sun, and hold you in the palm of his hand.'' Mr. ARMEY. Mr. Speaker, I want to thank the gentleman from Missouri (Mr. Gephardt), the minority leader, for his comments and for his cosponsorship of this resolution. Mr. Speaker, I yield the balance of my time to the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Hyde), the chairman of the Committee on International Relations. Mr. GEPHARDT. Mr. Speaker, I yield the balance of my time to the gentleman from California (Mr. Lantos). General Leave Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that all Members may have 5 legislative days within which to revise and extend their remarks and include extraneous matter on the legislation under consideration. The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. LaHood). Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from Illinois? There was no objection. Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume. Six decades ago, Sir Winston Churchill wrote words that are just as salient today as they were then: ``Civilization will not last,'' he wrote, ``freedom will not survive, peace will not be kept, unless a very large majority of mankind unite together to defend them.'' Mounting that defense requires leadership. Freedom will not be defended without leadership. Human decency will not be defended without leadership. America was attacked yesterday because of what she is and because of what she stands for. America must now take the lead in rallying the forces necessary to defeat terrorism throughout the world. It is a standard plot in science fiction. Humanity: fractious, divided, conflicted humanity, unites at last to face together the threat of an invasion from aliens. What happened yesterday was not the doing of aliens. It was not something that came from ``out there.'' It was something that came from below, from that corner of hell where the most wicked sentiments in the human heart fester. Is it possible to imagine that, confronted with evil of this magnitude humanity, or at least Churchill's very large majority of humanity, will unite to defeat the common enemy? We must hope so. But we must also act, for American leadership is essential in gathering the friends of civilization to the common defense. Let us be very clear, let the American people be very clear and, indeed, let the world be clear about what happened yesterday. This was not a ``tragedy'' in the strict sense of the word. A ``tragedy,'' as we remember from Greek drama, is something inevitable, a fate from which there is no escape. What happened on September 11, 2001, was no more a tragedy than what happened on December 7, 1941. And here is the full meaning of the analogy that so many have drawn to Pearl Harbor: what happened yesterday was a willful, deliberate act of aggression. Its purpose was destruction: to kill Americans in order to demoralize the American people, destabilize American democracy, and wreak havoc with the American economy. While we extend our love and sympathy to the thousands who did indeed experience wrenching personal tragedies yesterday, we must be clear about the meaning of these acts. These were acts of war against the United States of America, against the American people, and against the rights and freedoms for which America stands in the world. These were acts of demonic evil whose perpetrators have disqualified themselves from membership in the human race. Wars have been fought for many reasons in 5,000 years of recorded human history. Wars have been fought for territory, for ideology, for plunder, for conquest. This war in which we are now engaged, and this is war, not ``crime'' in the ordinary sense of the term, is a war for civilization itself. It is a war that pits the defenders of human rights, the defenders of democracy against those who hate America precisely because she is the preeminent symbol, the greatest contemporary embodiment of human rights and democracy. We were a target yesterday because of what we stand for, because of who we are. In defending ourselves, we are defending everyone in the world who believes in the rights of man, everyone who believes that democratic politics, not mass violence, is the way to conduct public affairs. Expressions of resolve are important today, as are expressions of sympathy and solidarity; but there must be more. It is imperative that we understand that we are in a war. It is imperative we take the steps necessary, in both terms of policy and funding, to make sure we win that war. In doing so, we defend ourselves and we defend the hope which touches hearts around the world that this new century will see the triumph of freedom and the vindication of the democratic idea in human affairs. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I first would like to identify myself with the powerful statements of the Republican leader, the Democratic leader, and the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Hyde), my good friend, the chairman of the Committee on International Relations. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of this resolution, and I urge all of my colleagues to approve it without delay and without dissent. Yesterday, the world's greatest democracy suffered one of the most monstrous acts of terror in human history. This terrorist attack was not only an attack on the American people, it was an attack on the very essence of our free and democratic society. It was orchestrated for the purpose of murdering American citizens and of undermining the American way of life. We cannot and we shall not permit the perpetrators of this terror to prevail. Yesterday, Mr. Speaker, represents the opening salvo in this new millennium in America's global struggle against international terrorism. It is a struggle like no other our Nation has ever faced. During the century just ended, Americans rose to the challenge to defeat international Fascism and international communism. Meeting the challenge of international terrorism again demands all that we as Americans are capable of mustering. First, Mr. Speaker, we must close the wounds. As we speak, rescue teams are risking their lives to save those still buried in the smoldering rubble. Now is the time for all Americans to extend their hands, their hearts, and their [[Page 16765]] prayers to the victims and to their families. We are a people of great compassion, Mr. Speaker; and we must come together as one Nation to help our fellow Americans in this hour of need. Second, we must strengthen our defenses. We must take urgent steps to prevent such vicious acts of terror from ever being repeated. Yesterday's dastardly acts exposed our Nation's vulnerabilities. To ensure that the victims of this terror did not die in vain, we must prove to the perpetrators and to the world at large that America will emerge from this tragedy a much stronger nation. Third, Mr. Speaker, justice must be done. We must marshal all of our strength and all our intelligence to find and apprehend those who dare to perpetrate such an act of evil against the United States. We must punish the guilty, but we must not end there. We must strike back against terror, destroy the guilty, and shatter their network and those dictatorships which support and harbor them. We are not alone in this struggle. In this time of need, we turn to our friends and allies for assistance and for cooperation. Americans will not forget those who support us now, and we will not forget those who do not. {time} 1530 It has long been the policy of the United States to hold accountable those who harbor terrorists as sponsors of terrorism. We must now implement this policy with new vigor. I call on the Taliban in Afghanistan to turn over Osama bin Laden and his gang for their proper punishment. I call on Yasser Arafat to put back in prison the terrorists he liberated so unjustly. I call on Iran to stop supporting the terrorists of Hezbollah who have brought death and destruction in their wake. I call on Syria to close the headquarters of the various terrorist organizations in Damascus. We must also demand, and I call on Russia, China, and North Korea to stop selling weapons of mass destruction to countries that harbor terrorists. Let us begin here and now by finding a common voice and expressing our Nation's sense of indignation, sorrow, and firm resolve. Let us demonstrate here and now the power of democracy. As a survivor of the Holocaust, Mr. Speaker, I have vowed never to forget that dark chapter in human history. Yesterday's act of terror again reminds us of man's unlimited capacity for evil against his fellow man. This, too, we must never forget. Yesterday, the United States of America lost its innocence, but history will show that America found a new unity and a new will to wage war against international terrorism. Let us begin to write that new history today. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time. Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from New York (Mr. Gilman), the distinguished former chairman of the Committee on International Relations. Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, yesterday, September 11, is another day of infamy in our Nation's history as our Nation was viciously attacked in the most devastating act of terrorism in our books of record. The distinguished gentleman from Illinois (Chairman Hyde) and our bipartisan leaders are commended for crafting this resolution. President Bush and the leadership of the House and Senate are commended for their bipartisan solidarity at this time of our national crisis. This barbaric attack was a targeted, coordinated act of terrorism committed against innocent Americans, an attack on our leading economic and military institutions, and an assault on our efforts to promote peace and freedom throughout the world. To the victims and families of this tragedy, to the courageous rescue workers, and New York's finest and bravest firemen and police who have paid the ultimate price, to the people of New York and Washington and elsewhere around the world, we extend our heartfelt prayers and condolences. Our Nation is grateful to the international community, who have expressed their concerns and who stand by us today against international terrorism. It is important that the international community condemns all those nations which provide any safe haven for terrorists, holding them equally responsible and accountable. In the Congress, we stand behind our President, our Armed Forces, and our law enforcement agencies in our efforts to bring these vicious criminals to justice. America's war against terrorists has only just begun. In light of yesterday's attack, we must now fully review all of our policies toward international terrorism, our airport security, and our intelligence capability. We must take all the necessary steps to make certain that this kind of a massacre is never repeated. We must make certain, too, that upon anyone who attacks the freedom of our country will be brought to bear the full resolve of our great Nation. America is no fallen tower, America stands strong and united, and we must use all of our means to pursue these perpetrators of crimes against our humanity. God bless our Nation. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am delighted to yield 4 minutes to my good friend, the gentleman from Michigan (Mr. Bonior), the distinguished Democratic whip. Mr. BONIOR. Mr. Speaker, I thank my colleague for yielding time to me. I congratulate him on a very important and eloquent statement. Mr. Speaker, today we grieve together as a Nation. We grieve for the sons and the daughters, the mothers and the fathers, the friends and the colleagues who were murdered in yesterday's savage attack. We shed tears with thousands of families whose lives have been shattered, and we mourn those courageous fallen heroes who sacrificed their own lives amid choking stairwells and roaring flames and falling concrete so that others might live. It is hard for us to fathom the bitter hatred that could inspire our attackers to such acts of horror. They drink from a dark and poisoned well. Hatred is a thirst that can never be quenched, Mr. Speaker. Amid our own fury, we must strike that cup down. The United States will act decisively and forcefully to pursue those guilty of this slaughter wherever they may be hiding, and mete out justice that is swift and severe. As the dust settles today, we find ourselves confronting an enemy that is both evil and elusive, but the world must know that America now stands stronger than ever, a Nation sworn to defend freedom, tolerance, diversity, and democracy. Those terrorists who attempt to extinguish our spirit must know that these are ideals we Americans will never surrender. Mr. Speaker, I come from Michigan. It is the home of hundreds of thousands of Arab Americans and American Muslims. Already, leaders in their community, patriotic Americans who give so much to this country, who have condemned these attacks and who are as sickened by the carnage as everyone else, have been receiving death threats, and their families live in fear. Such hateful prejudice offends us all. I shared these sentiments just hours ago with the President at the White House. Even as we struggle to clear away the rubble and the charred wreckage, our wounds, as we mourn our dead and seek ultimate justice, America must also stand together against this type of bigotry. Mr. Speaker, we are all in this together, Americans who share a common grief and outrage. All Americans of all faiths, Christians, Muslims, Jews, we all condemn this cowardly act of terrorism. Over the past 24 hours, many people have said that America will never be the same, and in many ways that is true. We struggle to comprehend our sudden and terrible loss of countless loved ones, of national innocence, of a sense that America was somehow invulnerable to a chaos that always seemed so very far away. Each of us will be asked to do more, to give more, to join our fellow citizens to defend the freedoms and the values we cherish. As we have heard on this [[Page 16766]] floor already, people are already answering the call. We have seen thousands of people lining up to donate blood, families offering shelter to victims they do not even know, neighbors embracing neighbors, congregations joining in prayer. We in this House pledge to do our part, to work together as never before, to join the President and our many allies around the world to defend our land and our liberty. From this conflagration, the world will see an America emerge that is stronger and more united than ever before, always and forever a beacon for the best in the human spirit. Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 3 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Texas (Mr. DeLay), the majority whip. Mr. DeLAY. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding time to me. Mr. Speaker, I think all of us send our condolences and prayers out to every American family that was harmed by this cowardly act to our Nation. We want the victims to know that none of them is alone. Every American grieves with them. We are standing beside them, and we will never, ever forget the Americans who fell yesterday. We have all been unified by this tragedy, and we will get through it together. Just as it has in every crisis before this, the strength of our faith will strengthen our Nation. Faith endures as the great and abiding source of our fortitude. Every American is grateful for the countless acts of heroism from the men and women who fought through the chaos to aid these victims. Their actions make all of us so proud to be Americans, and we salute their courage. Today this Chamber has no divisions. We stand united behind President Bush. Our President should use any and all means necessary to avenge the lives of our fallen countrymen. Yesterday, agents of evil may have declared war against freedom, but they failed to bend the iron of American resolve. Tempered by tragedy, our commitment to America's founding principles and the service of freedom has only grown stronger this afternoon. We are at war with the forces of terrorism. We will draw no empty distinctions between those who physically carry out these acts and the people, organizations, and governments who aid, abet, and shelter the enemies of freedom. The United States is fully committed to sweeping this aggression from this Earth, and our enemies will eventually discover the most powerful force on Earth is the united will of the American people when we are behind a single objective. Today that mission is clear. Our duty as Americans requires unending hostility against the forces of terrorism. The architects of this calculated wickedness will find no safe harbor in this world. We will chase our enemies to the furthest corner of the Earth. It must be war without quarter, pursuit without rest, victory without qualification. We will not take a single step backward. We will not be dissuaded. We will not yield. Our retribution is certain, and America will never rest until we destroy this threat to liberty by defeating the agents and supporters of terrorism. With the strength of our convictions and the grace of God in a righteous cause, we will prevail. Mr. Speaker, I, too, ask for God to bless America. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume. Mr. Speaker, let me thank the distinguished Democratic whip for reminding us that Americans of all religious beliefs are equally opposed to this horrendous practice of terrorism. Let me remind my colleagues that the last three military engagements we participated in--in Kuwait, in Bosnia, and in Kosovo--were on behalf of people of the Muslim faith. Mr. Speaker, I am delighted to yield 3 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Texas (Mr. Frost), chairman of the Democratic Caucus. Mr. FROST. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding time to me. Mr. Speaker, yesterday was an horrific day. On September 11, 2001, international outlaws committed a cowardly, barbaric assault against the United States of America, against innocent civilians, and against the brave, honorable men and women of our military. That makes today, Mr. Speaker, a very difficult but very important day for all of us: a day of grief, of outrage, of quiet resolve to bring to justice those responsible for this terrible assault on our great Nation, and to ensure that it never happens again. Today, Mr. Speaker, we grieve for the untold thousands of innocent Americans whose lives were shattered by a calculated, cold-blooded act of mass murder. We especially grieve for the passengers and crew of Flight 77, Flight 11, Flight 93, and Flight 175; for those serving their country at the Pentagon, both civilian and military, who have been killed; and for the thousands killed or injured at the World Trade Center. Today, Mr. Speaker, we also recognize all those Americans who responded to those terrorist acts with heroism, with courage, and with compassion: the firefighters, police officers, emergency officials and volunteers who risked their own lives, and some of whom sacrificed their own lives, to come to the aid of their countrymen and women. They are American heroes, and this Nation will honor them as such. {time} 1545 My own district in North Texas, for example, is already awash in American flags as Americans from all walks of life pay tribute to their brave countrymen and women. Mr. Speaker, that spirit of unity and of resolve will characterize America's response to this cowardly barbaric assault. Congress will stand united, Democrats and Republicans together, to do all we can to help the victims of this act of terror and to safeguard the liberty and security of the American people. And we will stand together as Americans, regardless of our political affiliation, to find those responsible for these despicable acts. We will fully support the President as he builds an international coalition against this cancer that threatens the entire world, and we will continue to be united when we respond to the evil of terrorism with the full force of the United States Government and of the American people. Make no mistake, the United States of America, supported by our friends and allies, will win this war. May God bless the souls of those who died yesterday, and may He comfort the spirits of their families. Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2\1/2\ minutes to the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Smith), the distinguished vice chairman of the House Committee on International Relations. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I thank the distinguished chairman Mr. Hyde, and thank him for his very eloquent remarks just a few moments ago and for all the very moving statements being made on the floor today. Mr. Speaker, words, however, are simply inadequate to convey the utter shock, horror, sorrow, dismay and anger over yesterday's supreme act of cowardice against innocent Americans. Our prayers and hearts go out to the victims--the dead and the wounded--and to those who at this very hour cling to life, horribly trapped under concrete, jagged glass, and steel. Our Nation's admiration and respect for the firefighters, police officers, and medics, many of whom lost their lives in the line of duty, is deep. Valor, courage, and selflessness were commonplace yesterday as many rescuers became themselves victims. Our hearts go out to the victims' families and close friends who today must cope with their excruciating loss. As shock abates, the numbing pain of yesterday's terror will leave indelible scars. May God supernaturally intervene with healing comfort and that peace that surpasses understanding. Mr. Speaker, the cowards who perpetrated these crimes against God and humanity must be brought to justice no matter how long it takes. And by the grace of God, and the crafting of wise policy initiatives, this must never be allowed to happen again. We must take all the requisite steps to win that war which the gentleman from Illinois [[Page 16767]] (Mr. Hyde) spoke of earlier, the war against terrorism. Those who wish us harm should know, Mr. Speaker, that Americans are strong, determined, and resilient. America is united; not to be underestimated. In like manner, President Bush is strong and determined; fully in charge and not to be underestimated, and will lead us with boldness as well as prudence. Finally, Mr. Speaker, America's foundational strength is not to be found in its military might, significant as that is, or our relative prosperity, and we are indeed rich in the world's resources, but it is to be found in our individual and collective faith in and faithfulness to God. May this horrific act of mass violence compel us to turn anew to God, seeking healing, restoration, and justice, as well as divine guidance, so that His will will be done on Earth as it is in heaven. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am delighted to yield 5 minutes to the gentleman from Missouri (Mr. Skelton), the distinguished ranking member of the House Committee on Armed Services. Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Speaker, yesterday, people touched with evil brought hate and darkness to a land of light and freedom. I need not recount the details of their crimes. Those will forever be too familiar. I saw some of the damage firsthand at the Pentagon last night. The lives that they took, structures that they damaged were not the true target. Here is what they attacked: the idealist Nation that guaranties all of its people equality in law and enforces it in deed; the determined Nation that time and again deploys its finest men and women to restore peace where it does not exist and maintain peace where it does; the generous Nation that gives more selfless support to other countries than any other in history; the steadfast Nation that is the first one called when disaster strikes, when tragedy erupts, when fortune's heart turns cold. That is what they attacked. They killed many Americans; but they did not kill, they could not kill our idealism, our determination, our generosity, our steadfastness. They could not kill what makes America America. Shortly after Pearl Harbor, the commander of the Japanese forces, Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto, mused, ``I fear we have roused a sleeping giant and filled him with a terrible resolve.'' Those who assisted in perpetrating this deed should take those words to heart, because resolve, too, is in our national character, as Admiral Yamamoto learned to his eternal regret. We do not go weeping through the streets. We do not wail and beat our breasts. We just set about methodically and with great certainty to bring justice. To those who devised and plotted the attack, I say, you will not find haven in the world of decent men and women. And the hearts of many others will be turned against you. If you believe, as the attackers did, that your own life has no value, America will be glad to cash that check. And any country that dares harbor you will pay its due. At the same time, I hope that all Americans will remember another lesson of the Second World War; that not everyone who looks like our idea of the enemy actually is the enemy. Tragedy is no excuse to create new injustice. Let me extend my sympathies to those of the Congress and to all the families of the victims, and particularly those who were killed or wounded while responding to give aid to others. I ask prayers also for anyone with a loved one in uniform. Indeed, if there is a positive to be found in all of this, it is that Americans may rediscover their respect for our military forces. Toward that end, and as a sign to our attackers of their futility, I ask that every American who has an American flag to take it outside and fly it. And if you do not have one, I hope you will get one. We have been in a quiet war against terrorism for some time. The difference today is that now everyone knows it. As today's debate will show, anyone hoping to sow discord or profit from political division will be disappointed. There are no Republicans or Democrats today, there are only Americans, proud, somber, resolute and looking forward. Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Chabot). Mr. CHABOT. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time. The United States of America is a great nation with a compelling history. Over 200 years ago, we overcame long odds to create a new country and form a more perfect union. Since that time, we have withstood a depression, assassinations, natural disasters; we fought a Civil War, two world wars, and the Cold War. We have faced many trials and many enemies. And each time we have come together as one Nation, one people; and we have triumphed. Now we face a new challenge. September 11th, 2001, yesterday, will indelibly be etched in the minds of every American. It is another day that will live in infamy. Words alone cannot describe the enormity of yesterday's events. These vicious terrorist attacks represent nothing less than a declaration of war against our Nation. And as with any war, we must fight to win. We must use every investigative and military resource at our disposal to find and punish the individuals and governments responsible for these reprehensible crimes. The full power of the United States should be brought to bear against the cowards who carried out these attacks against innocent men, women, and children. As President Bush said last night, no distinction should be made between those who committed these atrocities and those who provide safe harbor and encouragement. The United States is a nation like no other. We are the world's greatest democracy, a nation that gives hope to the downtrodden and oppressed everywhere. We are a nation based on the principles of freedom and liberty. And while we have seen the light of freedom flicker and fade at times for many other people around the globe, it has always burned strong here in America. So, as in the past, we will rise above the confusion and despair of yesterday. We will prevail over those who seek to destroy our way of life. The future will bring new hope, and we will again join together as one Nation and show the world what being an American is all about. Our prayers go out to all the victims and their families. God bless them and God bless America. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am very pleased to yield 5 minutes to the gentleman from Maryland (Mr. Hoyer), the distinguished ranking member of the Committee on House Administration. Mr. HOYER. Mr. Speaker, the unspeakable barbarism perpetrated on American soil yesterday was directed at freedom-loving people on every continent on Earth. It will never be forgotten. Another day of infamy and perfidy is etched indelibly on the pages of the history of the world. Our thoughts and our prayers go out to all those who perished or were injured by these mindless murderous acts; acts of war. Our hearts go out to their loved ones as well. Our thoughts, our prayers, and our heartfelt thanks go out to all of those who put their own lives in harm's way to help others: the law enforcement officers, the military personnel, the firefighters and paramedics, the doctors and nurses, and the countless civilians who came to the aid of their fellow citizens. They are the true American heroes, and their selfless courage fortifies this Nation. Yesterday, today, and tomorrow we fear that many of these brave souls too have become victims of this contemptible criminal conspiracy. Today, every American, every civilized human speaks with one voice in saying to those who planned, participated, aided and abetted, or gave sanctuary to the perpetrators of this unmitigated evil, we will not rest until you are rooted out, rooted out like a cancer, and destroyed. As President Franklin Delano Roosevelt said in his address to Congress the day following the attack on Pearl Harbor, and I quote, ``Always we will remember the character of the onslaught against us.'' And in remembering, it will fashion our response. [[Page 16768]] The United States of America will never, never, never rest until you and all of those who provide you with shelter and safe harbor are held accountable for this horrific and heinous crime. {time} 1600 Know, too, that no amount of fury, no amount of anger, no amount of revulsion at such senseless and cowardly acts on innocent men, women, children in the street, none of that will drive us to embrace your twisted law of the jungle. But we will see justice done. Our national character charged by the bravery and determination of generations who preceded us demands more. Our resolute commitment to democratic values and the rule of law and reason demands more. The depraved brutality of September 11, 2001, much like that of December 7, 1941, has left each of us shaken and sorrowful. But now, as then, the American will and the American resolve are unshaken and undeterred. Freedom, all of us know, has never meant freedom from risk, nor will it ever be. In fact, such risk is a component of that very freedom we cherish. But we must and we will confront those who criminally and viciously put freedom itself at risk. Mr. Speaker, the memory of all of those whose lives were lost, who were surely on the front lines of freedom, must lead us to renew our pledge of allegiance to our one Nation, under God, indivisible, and with liberty and justice for all. Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to the distinguished gentleman from Illinois, Speaker of the House (Mr. Hastert). Mr. HASTERT. Mr. Speaker, yesterday the American people were viciously and deliberately attacked by terrorists. My heart goes out to those victims and their families. But make no mistake, this was an act of war. The American people, as represented by the Members of this Congress, will take all appropriate action to protect its citizens and to win this war against these terrorists. We have entered into a new era of our history. As of yesterday, how we live, how we work, how we play have been changed for as long as we will be able to see, in our children and our grandchildren. Terrorists flout international law and standards of common decency. They target the American people because we are strong and because they are weak. These terrorists are cowards and they will be punished. Some say that we cannot be the world's policeman. Well, if we do not enforce the rules of common decency, if we do not take steps to protect our citizens from these lawless and evil bandits, no one else will. This is a new kind of war, and we must be prudent in how we prosecute it. All those nations who harbor, who train, who support, who fund these terrorist groups bear equal responsibility for the actions of these terrorists. We must dedicate the proper resources to deal with them in the appropriate way. Terrorists may be able to run, but they can not hide from America's steely determination and justice. Let me say a few words about the American people. Many of those who died were dedicated public servants, members of our armed services, firefighters, police officers, people dedicated to serving and protecting the American people. They have died in the line of service to their Nation. Others were citizens dedicated to living the American dream, people who had wives and husbands, children and parents who loved them and who will miss them dearly. These people were innocent victims in a war conducted against America by political extremists, people who live in the shadows and never come out except when they attack. The civilized world is with us. I was touched this morning by the visit of Mr. Howard, the Prime Minister of Australia, who sat in our Chamber to show his solidarity with the American people. The speaker of the Russian Duma, Mr. Seleznev, sent me a letter where he said the people who ordered and carried out this outrageous crime must be found and punished. Our allies across the world have expressed their horror at this unprecedented attack. My friends, the civilized and free world must stand together and stamp out this terrorist scourge. My deepest condolences go to the families of the victims. May God protect them in this time of trouble and may God bless America. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield as much time as he may consume to the gentleman from Georgia (Mr. Lewis), my good friend and the conscience of this body. Mr. LEWIS of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, what happened in New York at the World Trade Center and at the Pentagon yesterday is unreal. It is shocking. It is unbelievable. But it did happen. Mr. Speaker, we stand together, not as Democrats or Republicans, but as citizens of the world, as Americans, as brothers and sisters. We are a circle of trust that cannot be broken. We are one people. We are one family. We are one Nation. But we must send the strongest possible message to the terrorists and to all of those who participated in this unbelievable conspiracy, this madness. Terrorists may destroy our buildings, terrorists may harm and kill our people, but terrorists will never, ever destroy the spirit of freedom and our love for democracy. Our Nation is strong and determined. We will never turn back; no, we will never turn back from our commitment to a free and open society and our determination for a world community at peace with itself. Those who engage in this madness will be tracked down, and they will be brought to justice. And for those who are hurt and for the families who lost loved ones in this unspeakable tragedy, they are in our thoughts and prayers at this difficult time. Mr. Speaker, today on this day, we pray for our people and we pray for our Nation. Mr. Speaker, I support this resolution. Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from California (Mr. Rohrabacher). Mr. ROHRABACHER. Mr. Speaker, I would like to enter into a colloquy with the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Hyde), and I would like to ask about the eighth resolve clause in this resolution. In the gentleman's interpretation, does the intent of the phrase ``sponsor'' in terms of sponsor of terrorists, include those states or governments which harbor terrorists? Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, will the gentleman yield? Mr. ROHRABACHER. I yield to the gentleman from Illinois. Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, it most emphatically does. Mr. ROHRABACHER. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman. I think it is long overdue that the United States of America reaffirm a policy of supporting those moderate, responsible, and, yes, democratically inclined Muslims of Afghanistan and elsewhere who are in opposition to terrorism, and in opposition to the fanatical Taliban government which represses its own people and provides a safe haven for terrorists like bin Laden. This has not been the policy of our government over these last 5 years. Now it is necessary for us to act with strength and determination, to wipe out a terrorist enclave that has taken root in Afghanistan. I call on the people of goodwill, which includes the vast majority of Muslims in this world, to stand with us in this fight against terrorists like bin Laden and against fanatics and tyrants like the Taliban in Afghanistan. We need to ensure our government itself meets its responsibilities effectively and remains committed to free government and peace among the people of the world, and those people are of all races and of all nationalities and of all religions. Mr. Speaker, in conclusion, Americans are overwhelmed with sorrow at the loss of members of our families and friends, but we will act and we will do so with courage; and we will accomplish our mission, our sacred mission now of revenge against those who have taken American lives. [[Page 16769]] Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2\1/2\ minutes to the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Menendez), the distinguished vice chair of the Democratic Caucus. Mr. MENENDEZ. Mr. Speaker, September 11, 2001, is the second day of infamy in our history; and it was without a doubt an act of war. It was also a crime against humanity and the civilized world, an attack against innocent, unsuspecting, defenseless civilians, against women and children, many from my own State of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, the terrorists may have appeared to strike the symbol of American capitalism; but what they really struck was mothers and fathers, sisters and brothers. The terrorists may have appeared to strike a symbol of American military might, but what they really struck were sons and daughters, friends and families. The terrorists have shown themselves as the cowards they are, as we are showing the world the great Nation that we are: strong, resilient, resourceful and freedom loving. The Congress is here, the President is at work, Americans are lining up waiting hours to donate blood or volunteer in the rescue. People from my district across the river from New York City are helping the wounded, our hospitals are filled with doctors, nurses and staff working around the clock. Brave fire fighters, police officers and rescue crews continue to risk their lives to save others; and we are pulling together, as Americans always do in times of tragedy, as we will pull together to hunt down and find those who committed these crimes against humanity. There is nowhere these terrorists can hide where we will not find them, and no Nation that should believe that they can aid, abet, or give shelter to these terrorists without feeling our wrath. If nations harbor our enemies, then they are our enemy. If nations help our enemies, then they are our enemy. Mr. Speaker, we will not stop until all those responsible are found and punished severely. Today America stands ready for the challenge ahead. We stand as one united against our enemies, united for the things we believe in as a people: liberty, freedom and justice. May God bless all those who perished in this tragedy, the rescue workers who sacrificed their lives and the children and families who today are missing a cherished love one, and may He bless this great country of ours. {time} 1615 Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 1 minute to the distinguished gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Crane). Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in solidarity with my fellow Americans to pledge my full support for this resolution. Yesterday, our Nation was stunned by the cowardly acts of terrorists. Our thoughts and prayers are with the families and those whose lives were tragically ended by these barbaric acts; but today I have never said with more dignity, with more respect, and with more determination that I am proud to be an American. One of our Nation's greatest strengths is our commitment to freedom and opportunity. We are blessed with the greatest resources in the world, chief among them the heart, ingenuity, and resolve of our citizens. I know we will marshal these resources to the fullest extent as we find and punish the evil forces responsible for these dastardly deeds. May God bless America. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am very pleased to yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentlewoman from Connecticut (Ms. DeLauro), assistant Democratic leader. Ms. DeLAURO. Mr. Speaker, I rise today with a profound sadness and deep remorse weighing heavily upon my heart. An unspeakable tragedy has struck our great Nation, one that makes finding the right words nearly impossible. September 11, 2001, is a day that will forever be etched in the memory of each and every American. Throughout the world our friends also mourn this inconceivable tragedy. Truly, it was a threat to democracy and freedom for all. The loss of life is staggering, and my thoughts and prayers are with the many families grieving for their loved ones and those who are still awaiting word. I pray that your loved ones come home. We have watched intently as the disaster and the aftermath have unfolded in New York, the Pentagon, and Pennsylvania. I commend the heroic effort of our public safety personnel from all over who have joined the rescue efforts, including those in my home State of Connecticut. Emergency workers have risked their lives. Many have lost their lives braving the horrors of the disaster. This atrocity has touched so many families. Each of us will know someone directly involved in this horror. Striking at the heart of our country, our people, our freedom, the symbols of our economic and military strength, this attack goes beyond anything we have ever experienced before, and it demands that we unite as a Nation. As the hardship continues to unfold, we must comfort our families and continue to provide them with the support that they need any way we can. Our government must also take action in response to these reprehensible acts. I strongly support the resolution condemning the attack against the United States; and, Mr. Speaker, in the strongest terms, this resolution makes it clear that we will not tolerate any terrorist act. We will hold those who undermine our Nation accountable. Let us stand here unanimous in passing this resolution to say that we stand by our fellow citizens, especially those grieving for a lost loved one, and that we will defend our Nation and punish those who have such utter disregard for human life. Mr. HYDE. Mr. Speaker, I am honored to yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from California (Mr. Dreier), chairman of the Committee on Rules. Mr. DREIER. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of this resolution. At the height of the civil war, John Stewart Mills said, war is an ugly thing but it is not the ugliest of things. The decayed and degraded state of moral and patriotic feeling which thinks nothing is worth a war is worse. It is very clear now that we have a very strong bipartisan consensus in support of the effort to bring about a successful resolution to this horrible tragedy. Many have talked appropriately about the fact this has been an attack on the United States of America. Mr. Speaker, this really transcends the United States of America. Let us look at the first two targets, the World Trade Center. The World Trade Center. This is an attack, Mr. Speaker, not only at the United States of America, but this is an attack at the entire international community. Virtually the entire world supports the core values on which the United States of America was founded. People may ask why is it that we are victims of this attack. Why? Because the United States of America, this Capitol under which we serve, is, in fact, the beacon of hope and opportunity for the entire world. We are paying the price for it, but I will tell my colleagues, it is still a very important struggle. To paraphrase Thomas Jefferson, he said the condition upon which God hath given liberty to man is eternal vigilance. We are remaining vigilant, Mr. Speaker, and I want to say that my thoughts and prayers go to all of the victims. All four of those aircraft were headed to my State of California. My heart goes out to those who are suffering, and I hope very much that we will be able to see strong bipartisan support for this important resolution which demonstrates our concern not only for the United States of America, but for those who love freedom throughout the entire world. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 4 minutes to the gentleman from New York (Mr. Ackerman), the ranking member of the Subcommittee on the Middle East, a member of the Committee on International Relations. Mr. ACKERMAN. Mr. Speaker, those of us, your colleagues from New York, [[Page 16770]] come to the floor wounded today because we count ourselves among the mourners. And the interesting thing is, when we have resolutions of this nature from time to time, we name those for whom we mourn. We regret that we cannot even supply you with that massive list as yet. There are so many of our constituents, our friends, our neighbors, our relatives, who do not yet know that they are among the mourners. This has not fully set in to our city and to our State. And yet we mourn. And let me assure you that while we mourn, we are not broken. The forces of evil have destroyed our skyline, but they have not destroyed our resolve. They have killed our people, but they have not killed our will. We come here as well to say thank you, to say thank you to each and every one of our colleagues in the House from all over America who have been so supportive to us and to the people that we represent. We express our special condolences, and ask you to do the same, to our colleague Joe Crowley who is not with us today because his cousin, a brave firefighter, is believed to have perished. Two hundred of our firefighters, over 200, only of our firefighters, are dead. Over 50 of our policemen, representing a great city, a diverse city, made up of so many people, rushing into this burning inferno, tumbling down, knowing that 200 colleagues have already died and yet continuing to go in to try to save their fellow citizens, paying no heed to their own safety. New Yorkers are tough. We are very tough. We are going to get over this. Yesterday was a day that we practiced our democracy in our State of New York. It was a primary day. We were in the middle of an election when this happened. That election has since been set aside. I was in one part of my district outside of the city of New York where there was a race going on for county executive, millions of dollars were being spent, the fight has raged for months and months with both sides at each other. And when the election was suspended, the campaign teams of both sides were seen on line together, side by side, at the blood bank. We bleed together as Americans. We cannot give you the names. The names would fill a book. We cannot give you the number, but the number is in the thousands; the mourners in the tens of thousands. But I can tell you that each and every one of them is a martyr, unknowingly; people who went to work, people who got on a plane, people who lost their lives doing things that average Americans do. We will not rest, not one of us, Democrats or Republicans, until the evil people who perpetrated this deed are found. We will not let any rock be unturned under which they have crawled. We know their address and we know their landlords. And let them know that we will find them. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Virginia (Mr. Cantor), a member of the Committee on International Relations. Mr. CANTOR. Mr. Speaker, yesterday was a dark day that will be remembered for its unique horror and tragic loss of life. I ask for continued prayers for the families of the victims, President Bush, Vice President Cheney, and members of our armed services as they lead America in this time of crisis. The attacks yesterday are an act of war, and retribution must be swift, sure, and overwhelming. But retribution is not enough. Our ultimate goal must be to identify and destroy the state-sponsored international infrastructure supporting these terrorists who have attacked the U.S. and its citizens. On Ronald Reagan's first day in office, he told a relieved Nation, upon news that American hostages were released after 444 days of captivity, ``The price of freedom at times has been high, but we will never be unwilling to pay that price.'' We must continue to rally behind President Bush. The price of freedom is high for Americans, but a price we pay as defenders of the brightest beacon of freedom and opportunity this world has ever known. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am very pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from American Samoa (Mr. Faleomavaega), the ranking member of the Subcommittee on East Asia and the Pacific. Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA. Mr. Speaker, at this time of profound sadness and tragedy in our Nation, I rise with my colleagues in strong support of the resolution before us to condemn the treacherous attacks against our Nation and upon the thousands of our fellow citizens. My heart and deepest condolences also go out to all the families whose members are missing loved ones as a result of these despicable acts. For those firemen and law enforcement officers, pilots and stewardess, who have made the ultimate sacrifice and those who continue to risk their lives in order to save others, our Nation stands forever grateful for their services and tremendous sacrifices. Mr. Speaker, our Nation mourns its sons and daughters who have died in this senseless tragedy, and our country must stand more united than ever before. We must support the President in using all means and resources to identify, to pursue, and to punish the persons and organizations responsible for these attacks. Mr. Speaker, a noted expert on counterterrorism, Professor Yonah Alexander of the Potomac Institute, has long advocated that the world's democracies must develop an effective strategy to face this terrible challenge against international terrorism. Professor Alexander notes, and I quote, ``The only light at the end of the tunnel is for a number of nation states and responsible governments to take concerted action against terrorism. Terrorism against one is terrorism against all, regardless of the blood spilled. It is the same red blood. To combat terrorism, no country can deal with this unilaterally without cooperation and support from others.'' Unless a global antiterrorist strategy can be worked out, Professor Alexander concludes that the existence of civilization itself is seriously at risk. Mr. Speaker, in the wake of yesterday's disaster, I want to commend Secretary of State Colin Powell and President Bush in their efforts to call upon all the leaders of the world for a coordinated international response to terrorism. This is no longer a national or a regional issue. This matter should and must require the support of all freedom- loving nations of the world. I urge my colleagues to support this resolution. {time} 1630 Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from New Mexico (Mr. Skeen). Mr. SKEEN. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the resolution. Yesterday's tragic events in our Nation have deeply wounded our hearts. But at the same time, this tragedy has strengthened our resolve to prevent these terrorist acts from ever happening in the future. As proud Americans, we have united in times of difficulty; and, as in the past, our strength will allow us to prevail in winning the war against terrorism and evil acts against humanity. We support President Bush in actions that he has taken and will take to protect America and Americans. We also pray for the victims and for the families of those who lost loved ones in yesterday's tragic events and those first responders who have risked their lives so that others may live. We will not allow terrorists or their cowardly acts of violence to weaken the soul of our Nation. We will move forward to continue our quest worldwide for a peaceful and lawful society so that we can forever eliminate such terrible crimes as we have all witnessed yesterday. God bless America. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Payne), the distinguished ranking member of the Subcommittee on Africa. Mr. PAYNE. Mr. Speaker, yesterday's tragic events touched the residents of my congressional district in a profound and personal way. United Flight 93, one of the fateful flights on that most horrifying of days, departed Newark International Airport, which I [[Page 16771]] represent, carrying innocent passengers who would become pawns in the most senseless act of terrorism that you can imagine. In addition, thousands of New Jersey residents travel back and forth each day from Penn Station, in my home city of Newark, to New York, where many hold jobs at the World Trade Center. This morning, families in New Jersey communities continue the agonizing wait for word on the fate of their loved ones. As we struggle to comprehend and confront the magnitude of this shocking attack on the United States, let us, above all, remember the victims, the employees, the volunteers, the visitors, the firemen, the policemen, the EMTs, who put their lives on the line. Let us put a human face on this tragedy which claimed the lives of so many people, who shared the everyday dreams and hopes we all have, people who only wanted to live their lives in peace, to see their children grow up healthy and happy. My heartfelt sympathy goes out to the families of the victims who are suffering such immense pain. I ask my colleagues to join me in expressing appreciation for the humanitarian efforts of all those who have stepped forward to offer assistance in this time of need. Please join me in praying for all of the families who have suffered the loss of loved ones or who still anxiously await news about survivors. This is the time to come together and to reaffirm that we will always remain one Nation, under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to support the resolution. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Texas (Mr. Paul). Mr. PAUL. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me time. Mr. Speaker, yesterday Americans were awakened to find ourselves in a war, attacked by barbarians who targeted innocent civilians. This despicable act reveals how deep-seated is the hatred that has driven this war. Though many Americans have just become aware of how deeply we are involved in this war, it has been going on for decades. We are obviously seen by the terrorists as an enemy. In war there is no more reprehensible act than for combatants to slaughter innocent civilians who are bystanders. That is what happened yesterday. If there is such a thing, a moral war is one that is only pursued in self-defense. Those who initiate aggression against others for the purpose of occupation or merely to invoke death and destruction are unforgivable and serve only to spread wanton killing. In our grief, we must remember our responsibilities. The Congress' foremost obligation in a constitutional republic is to preserve freedom and provide for national security. Yesterday our efforts to protect our homeland came up short. Our policies that led to that shortcoming must be reevaluated and changed if found to be deficient. When we retaliate for this horror we have suffered, we must be certain that only the guilty be punished. More killing of innocent civilians will only serve to flame the fires of war and further jeopardize our security. Congress should consider using its constitutional authority to grant letters of marque and reprisals to meet our responsibilities. Demanding domestic security in times of war invites carelessness in preserving civil liberties and the right of privacy. Frequently the people are only too anxious for their freedoms to be sacrificed on the alter of authoritarianism thought to be necessary to remain safe and secure. Nothing would please the terrorists more than if we willingly gave up some of our cherished liberties while defending ourselves from their threat. It is our job to wisely choose our policies and work hard to understand the root causes of war in which we find ourselves. We must all pray for peace and ask for God's guidance for our President, our congressional leaders, and all America, and for the wisdom and determination required to resolve this devastating crisis. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am honored to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Michigan (Mr. Dingell), the distinguished dean of the House of Representatives. Mr. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, I thank my good friend for yielding me this time. Mr. Speaker, I support the legislation before us. I note that it expresses sympathy for the innocent victims and their families. I support it because it expresses support and sympathy for the firefighters, police officers, emergency personnel, and their families, who have served and who have lost their lives in their attempt to save others. It is to be supported because it supports our country and our American ideals, and I support the President's efforts in implementing this. We are dealing here with an act of war. You know, Mr. Speaker, I am probably the only Member of this body who remembers the Declaration of War during World War II. I would note that less Americans were killed at Pearl Harbor than were killed yesterday in Washington and New York. This is a declaration of war upon the United States, and while it is that we do not know exactly for sure yet who it is that has done this, this Nation has a serious responsibility. The first is to find out who did it, and then to address this matter with all force and vigor, because without this, we will never know peace again. In addition to this, Mr. Speaker, it will be necessary for us to protect the civil liberties of Americans. We have some mistakes in our background: what we did to German-Americans in World War I, what we did to Japanese-Americans in World War II, and German-Americans and Italian-Americans in World War II. Those things cannot be done in this instance, and we must indeed see to it that we protect the great constitutional and indeed religious principles with regard to treating our fellow Americans well and properly. This is a time for national unity. This resolution expresses that unity. Now, Mr. Speaker, I say this: let us get about the great and the terrible business at hand. Let us identify the wrongdoers, let us punish them in all proper way. There will be no peace until such time as we have done so. God bless the United States and the people of the United States. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Louisiana (Mr. Vitter). Mr. VITTER. Mr. Speaker, I join all of my colleagues, all of my fellow Americans, in prayer and condolences for the victims of yesterday's horrible tragedies. All of us know someone who was directly hurt by that senseless violence. I talked to a constituent, an older woman, whose son-in-law worked in the World Trade Center, and, as of mid-afternoon yesterday, still did not know his fate. We all keep those victims and families in our deepest prayers. Yesterday was the most horrific attack against our nation in history, period. Today, shock turns to anger, and our challenge is to turn that anger into true resolve. First, we must use all of our collective efforts in the rescue and rebuilding operations. There are heroes in New York and the Pentagon on the front line of that now; and we must give them all of the resources necessary and rebuild, including rebuilding the World Trade Center. Second, at the same time, we must resolve to use all of our efforts to defend against any similar attacks, and our government is doing that. Third, we must hunt down those responsible. History is littered with instances of nations preparing for the last war. Let us all learn that lesson, even if a day late. Let us be clear when we use the phrase ``war,'' it is not a turn-of phrase, it is not a war against drugs, we mean war. I mean identifying the persons and organizations and nation-states involved, formally declaring war on all of those persons and entities, and prosecuting that war to its full conclusion. [[Page 16772]] God bless America. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am very pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from Georgia (Ms. McKinney), the ranking member of the Subcommittee on International Operations and Human Rights. Ms. McKINNEY. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me time. Mr. Speaker, we stand here today mere miles away from a tragedy that shook our Nation and left many shocked and angered by an act of unprecedented brutality on America's shores. As we emerge from the incomprehensible darkness into the light of this day, let us concentrate first our prayer and mourning, our sadness and our sorrow, for the victims of this unimaginable horror, and then, second, send our prayers, support and heartfelt thanks to the courageous police, firefighters, and medical staff who have made great sacrifices, and, in some cases, given their lives, to care for the injured and take care of our dead. In our search for understanding and truth, we should remember that now, especially at this time of need, it is truly our reliance on a higher power that will see us through. So as we pray to our God, let us not forget that real security and real peace come through justice; that fear and prejudice divert us from our true and righteous cause; and that we are a country that stands for the rule of law. The perpetrators of this crime can and will be dealt with. We must be careful not to rush to judgment and must ensure that when we strike back, we deliver a blow against those truly responsible for these terrible crimes. President Bush and Secretary of State Colin Powell have steered us on a prudent course. Now is the time for us to trust their leadership. Father Coughlin reminded us this morning of the guidance that is available to us from God. He reminded us to build this and every day on a foundation of justice, and to mourn our dead with acts of compassion. My prayer for America today is that we heed Father Coughlin's call, that all of us Americans will soon join together and rededicate ourselves to the fight to defeat racism and to further justice at home and abroad with an unbounded commitment to freedom, justice, peace, and security for us all. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from California (Mr. Issa). Mr. ISSA. Mr. Speaker, I rise today with a broken heart, torn between great sorrow and great anger in support of this resolution. I have no words sufficient to express my total contempt for the cowards who perpetrated this horrific act of terrorism. In fact, I believe America has no words sufficient to express their contempt for the cowards who perpetrated this horrific act of terrorism against the people of America. I would cite the President's words of earlier today, when he said, ``The deliberate and deadly attacks which were carried out yesterday against the country were more than acts of terror, they were acts of war.'' {time} 1645 I, therefore, thank the majority leader and the minority leader and the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Hyde) for putting together such a thoughtful and timely resolution condemning the terrible acts aimed directly at the freedoms and liberties of the American people. To Americans across the Nation who mourn and who are angry, I call on you to focus your anger on the perpetrators of this unlawful act and not to cast anger on neighbors, on coworkers, simply because of their certain religion, race, or nationality. It is our resolve to bring about justice, and we must remember that when fighting against terrorism and extremism which has twisted their hatred into a system of beliefs not consistent with the major religions of the world, that these acts are condemned by Christianity, that these acts are condemned by Judaism, and that these acts are condemned by Islam. I must ask all Americans to remember that as we seek the revenge that we as a people are entitled to. God bless America. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from California (Mr. Sherman), a distinguished member of the committee. Mr. SHERMAN. Mr. Speaker, yesterday we suffered the greatest loss of American life on American soil since our Civil War. I fear that we are reacting as if a few hundred Americans died at the hands of a small band of terrorists. I fear that we will just launch a dozen cruise missiles and call it a day like we did after our embassies were bombed in East Africa. Let us wake up! There are probably 10,000 or more dead Americans. That is four times the number that died at Pearl Harbor. I do not know whether Osama bin Laden is responsible, but I join the distinguished gentleman from California in demanding that Afghanistan extradite bin Laden to the United States because we do know that bin Laden killed Americans on the U.S.S. Cole and bombed our embassies in East Africa. But let me go further. If the Taliban government refuses, we should go to war. It is a war we can win, as we won the war in Kosovo, chiefly with air power and with the support of local allies. The Northern Alliance of Afghanistan shelled Kabul last night. That alliance may have suffered the death or the severe wounding of its leader, General Masoud at the hands of bin Laden's assassins just 2 days ago. However, the Northern Alliance is intact, and if the Afghan Government does not surrender bin Laden by the end of this week, then the Northern Alliance should be the best armed rebel army in the world by the end of this month. We can, with permission or with impunity, fly over the territory necessary in order to bomb the Taliban and resupply the Northern Alliance. A war against the Taliban government of Afghanistan will involve American casualties, but how many thousands of casualties will we suffer if we allow a foreign government to harbor and support well- organized, well-financed terrorist groups capable of mass murder. This will be a war against the Taliban, but it is not a war against Islam. I join the prior speaker in saying we must respect Americans of all faiths. September 11, 2001 is a day that will live in infamy. This may be the greatest loss of life on American soil since the Civil War. Today's loss of life may approach or exceed the loss of life at Pearl Harbor. After Pearl Harbor some suggested appeasement, and withdrawal from Asia and the Pacific. Instead the greatest generation made the greatest sacrifices to win our greatest victory. America must mobilize for a war against terrorism, not only against the criminals responsible for today's horrific events, but all terrorism. This is not a war against Islam, or against Muslims. Our last three wars were waged to protect people who happen to be Muslim. We restored independence to the people of Kuwait and then engaged in two further wars in which we had no economic stake. In the mid-1990s, we protected the Bosnian Muslims from genocide. In 1999, we went to war against Serbia, a Christian country, to protect its Albanian Muslim minority from ethnic cleansing. Today we suffered greater casualties than in all three of those wars combined. There are some dancing in the streets of certain foreign cities who believe that the terrorists who killed thousands of American civilians have proven their strength by killing thousands of civilians. America has the power to kill civilians by the tens of thousands or the tens of millions. However America's great strength is that we do everything possible to avoid killing civilians, even those who dance today in delight. For years, we have begged our friends to curtail investment and aid to countries which support terrorism. Now in this war for decency and civilization we must have the full support of our allies. Those who claim to be friends of America can no longer do business as usual with countries which harbor terrorists. We appreciate the statements of sympathy from the Taliban government in Afghanistan, but this is clearly insufficient. The Taliban government must turn over Osama bin Laden and his associates to the United States. If the Afghan government gives us excuses instead of giving us bin Laden, we must take harsh action. This would include providing arms and [[Page 16773]] perhaps air cover to the forces in Northern Afghanistan and the legitimate government of that country. These forces have fought the Taliban to a standstill without our help. With very substantial American help these forces will march into Kabul. We appreciate the statements of sympathy from chairman Arafat, but we must demand that he arrest terrorists in areas he controls. We should not wait until we have identified the particular criminals responsible for today's tragedy, nor should we limit our response to one particular terrorist organization. Osama bin Laden may or may not be responsible for today's crimes, but he is responsible for the attack on the USS Cole and for the second worst terrorist attack against America, the bombing of our embassies in east Africa. We must demand bin Laden be turned over to the United States to be tried for those crimes. Even if we totally destroy the organization responsible for today's crimes, other organizations will try to surpass today's evil. We must root out all terrorist organizations. We must take harsh action against any country that harbors or supports terrorists. We should seek U.N. approval for our action; but we must act even if the U.N. does not. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from the North Carolina delegation (Mr. Jones), a member of the Committee on Armed Services. Mr. JONES of North Carolina. Mr. Speaker, in December of 1941, following the attack on Pearl Harbor, the Japanese Admiral Yamamoto reportedly said, ``I fear that all we have done is awakened a sleeping giant.'' Yesterday, nameless, faceless cowards took aim on the people of the United States of America. They struck without warning with the hope that they could destroy the spirit of our great Nation. Let me say the giant is awake. The deplorable act reached deep into the heart of America and touched not only the families and friends of those who were killed in Washington and New York, but the lives of every citizen of the world who values freedom and democracy. It was not only an act of war, it was a crime against humanity. All Americans are hurting over the cruel and senseless act of these criminals, but the history of America is that her people are strong; and like every national tragedy that has gone before, this one will be answered. The American people demand justice and justice they shall have, not through cowardly acts of terrorism, but by pulling together as a Nation to do what is required. The cowards who initiated this act of war have failed. Rather than bring our country to her knees, the American giant has new strength. The Book of Nehemiah tells us that the God of heaven will give us success as we, his servants, start rebuilding. Mr. Speaker, our faith in God and the strength of our democracy will help ease our Nation's sorrow, will help us rebuild and, importantly, will help us ensure that justice is carried out. We will rebuild; we will have justice. The people of America deserve no less. On behalf of the people of the third district that I have the privilege to serve, I pledge my support to our President as he moves to bring swift justice to these criminals and vote my full support for this resolution. God bless America. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Florida (Mr. Davis), my colleague and friend. Mr. DAVIS of Florida. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of this balanced resolution expressing heartfelt condolences to the victims and their families throughout the United States, as a part of this horrific disaster that happened yesterday, and support for working with the President to take swift and certain action towards those who committed this horrific crime and those who choose to harbor them before or after the fact. Mr. Speaker, my community, the city of Tampa, Hillsborough County, the Tampa Bay area, has suffered some horrific tragedies in the past. We have had three law enforcement officers slain in the line of duty in the last year. We will never forget, I will never forget, the helping hand that was extended to us from across the country from other public safety officials. Today, I would like to say on behalf of my community that we are literally pouring our hearts out to Northern Virginia and New York City. More than 2,000 units of blood have been donated just as of yesterday and that blood is on its way to New York City and Northern Virginia, and we in Florida have a lot of people who have friends and family who have moved from Northern Virginia and New York down to Florida, and this is our family too. I also want to say that I will fully support the President and work closely with him and the Joint Chiefs of Staff to take swift and certain action against those who have perpetrated this indescribable act of inhumanity. We must get to the bottom of exactly who committed this act; we must send the message that we will not tolerate this kind of behavior ever again in a civilized society. We must further understand and have an open and honest debate as to the failures that occurred in our system of security that was designed to provide the peace of mind and freedom that we have taken for granted far too long in this country. We must make amends. We must do our best to restore the freedom and peace of mind that Americans have come to enjoy at the same time that we make it perfectly clear throughout the world that what happened yesterday must never happen again. I urge adoption of the resolution, Mr. Speaker. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 minute to the distinguished gentleman from Virginia (Mr. Forbes), a member of the Committee on Armed Services. Mr. FORBES. Mr. Speaker, on September 11, 2001, America was brutally attacked by cowards who intentionally ended the lives of innocent men, women and children. Many have said today that Americans will never be the same. How could we be? We will never again see the faces of those who were lost. We will never experience the promise their lives afforded us all. We will never forget the courage and strength of our police, fire and rescue teams who paid such a huge price to protect us during this national tragedy. Yet, for those around the world who celebrate these acts, believing they have weakened the cause of freedom, let the message go forth that the torch of freedom has been rekindled in every American heart and glows brighter today than ever before. Let them know that we shall build a living memorial to all of the victims which shall be the unity and resolve we bring to destroy terrorism and the systems that sustain terrorism around the world. Let the message be clear that you do not kill Americans and get away with it. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am delighted to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from New York (Mr. Engel), my friend, a distinguished member of the Committee on International Relations. Mr. ENGEL. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time. Mr. Speaker, I am going to speak from the heart. I have had a very tough couple of days. I think America lost our innocence yesterday, and I just kept thinking that perhaps this was a bad dream and we would somehow wake up and it would not be true, but we all know it is. Mr. Speaker, I am a New Yorker, born and bred. I love our city. I was in New York when this tragedy occurred. I often say to my children when we come back to New York, look at the skyline, look at the World Trade Center. It is so invigorating. It makes me feel so wonderful just to be in this city, the city I love, the city in which I was born. Mr. Speaker, we New Yorkers are a tough breed; but I have to tell my colleagues, Mr. Speaker, this morning at 7 a.m. when I went over the George Washington Bridge to come back down here to Washington and I took a look at the New York skyline and saw the Twin Towers were not there and in its place I saw the smoke and the fire, I really lost it. I really lost it. [[Page 16774]] Mr. Speaker, as much as I have lost it because I do not see the towers there, it pales by comparison when I think of the victims, the men, women and children who lost their lives; the firemen, the policemen who came there to save people's lives and lost their lives. People who go to work, like millions of people in this great country go to work to earn a living to support their families, they go to work and they are killed by lunatics. We have some questions to be asked, Mr. Speaker. We have to ask why our intelligence failed us, why our security failed us. Congress has to get to the bottom of this and ask these questions. Congress will find out. Let me say to the terrorists and those people in the streets that we saw, the Palestinians and others who were dancing in the streets with glee, let me say to them and Osama bin Laden and the Taliban and all the people that support terrorism, you have awakened a sleeping giant. The United States will not rest until we root out every one of you, until we root out the terror and the terrorist cells. We are going to rally around our President, as we always have, with bipartisanship. We are all one America. God bless this wonderful Nation. God bless America. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentlewoman from Maryland (Mrs. Morella). Mrs. MORELLA. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time. Mr. Speaker, this morning, Americans awoke to discover the nightmare of September 11, 2001, was a reality. It was a day of infamy. Never before have we as a Nation experienced such aggression on our own shores which targeted innocent civilians. And we as Americans lost our innocence. This is an act of war. We resolve to find the perpetrators and punish them harshly. As a Nation, we will not be intimidated. We stand strong with great determination. I want to express our heartfelt grief for the victims and their families. We mourn their tragic loss. We offer our prayers, our comfort, and our resolve. {time} 1700 I also want to thank the firefighters, the rescue personnel, and the police who have risked, and, in many cases, lost their lives to search for those impacted by this terrible attack. Personnel from my district and the districts of many others in Montgomery County, Maryland have joined forces with those from across the Nation. We join them in solidarity as they continue with their incredible efforts. Thanks also to all the volunteers, those who are giving blood and helping in every way possible. Without question, this attack on our liberty and freedom is a strike against all nations that value democracy. No attack as cowardly as the one we have just experienced will go unanswered. We will act swiftly and decisively, and our response must be as forceful as our military can muster. Our history has been defined by the resiliency of our people. Mr. Speaker, I stand here today to exclaim that we Americans will join together in a bipartisan fashion to solemnly pledge to defend freedom and liberty. As stated in the resolution before us, September 12, 2001, shall be a national day of unity and mourning. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. Delahunt), a distinguished member of the Committee on International Relations. Mr. DELAHUNT. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding time to me. Across the Nation, the pain and the grief certainly runs deep. Yesterday's events have saddened and seared the hearts of all Americans. But only, only as we put human faces on the thousands of casualties can we even begin to comprehend the magnitude and the impact of this unspeakable attack on our homeland. People from my district like Jeffrey Coombs of Abington, Massachusetts, aboard Flight 11; Brian Sweeney, a Barnstable resident, on Flight 175; and Stuart Meltzer, who worked on the 103rd floor of the World Trade Center, whose family on Cape Cod followed televised news reports with horror, and continue to hope that he is alive. In their names, and in those of all the other victims, we will find and punish those who committed these atrocities. This was an assault not only on America and her citizens, but on all that America represents, and on the hopes and dreams of a world that yearns for peace, freedom, and justice under law that is so special to America. In striking at us, the terrorists sought to exploit the openness of our society and to shake the foundations of the civilized order which America sustains. Well, they will fail. Our challenge now, and the test of our democracy, is to harness our anger and our passion to respond in a manner that is firm, clear, and just, that befits a great Nation and honors our own ideal and our history. We will heal these wounds and we will honor the memory of those that we so tragically lost. God bless America. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Platts). Mr. PLATTS. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding time to me. I rise in support of this resolution. Mr. Speaker, passage of this joint resolution will make it clear to the world that the Members of the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate, Republicans, Democrats, and Independents alike, are united in our prayers and concerns for the victims of these terrible and heinous attacks, and that we are united in our resolve to see justice done on their behalf. The divisions between us over other issues in past months pale in comparison and now seem very trivial. The horrific events of yesterday, September 11, 2001, have united us all. As we move forward, let us not forget the victims. Let us not forget their families. Let us not forget the heroes. Let us not forget our united resolve to see that justice prevails. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to my friend and neighbor, the gentlewoman from California (Ms. Lee), a distinguished member of the Committee on International Relations. Ms. LEE. Mr. Speaker, I thank our ranking member for yielding time to me. Today I rise to condemn the horrific tragedy of September 11 and to acknowledge today, September 12, as a national day of unity and mourning. I mourn the deaths of men, women, and children on four airplanes, who boarded these planes to visit their relatives, conduct business, embark upon vacations. I mourn the deaths and injuries of thousands of people who went to work yesterday at the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, thinking it was just another Tuesday. I mourn the deaths and injuries of the brave firefighters, EMTs, and police officers who rushed to the aid of the victims and who became victims themselves. Their heroism will never be forgotten. And to the brave emergency personnel and volunteers still working tirelessly to save lives, words cannot express our gratitude. This tragedy has shattered the lives of so many men, women, and children throughout our country and in my home district in California. My heart goes out to them, and my prayers and my thoughts. As an immediate response, we really must increase resources and efforts to fight terrorism and to provide support for emergency services, reconstruction, and recovery. The United States must remain strong and vigilant in its sense of national unity, and move forward to protect against further atrocities. This was an attack on our Nation, its people, our democracy, and the rule of law. As we respond to this unspeakable horror, we must uphold our democratic principles, our laws, and our cherished beliefs. We must resist impulses to cast blame on the basis of religion and ethnicity. The Congress and the administration must work together to achieve a full [[Page 16775]] and thorough investigation into the source of this act of terrorism in order to ensure that those responsible are brought to justice. At a more fundamental level, we must work to create a peaceful world where those who would commit such desperate, despicable, and cold-hearted actions will not find support and protection. I urge adoption of this resolution. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Texas (Mr. Sam Johnson). Mr. SAM JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding time to me. Mr. Speaker, today I rise in strong support of our great Nation and against the dastardly acts of terrorism that we have seen. September 11, 2001, will forever live in the hearts and minds of not just Americans, but every single person who values freedom, peace, and security. The loved ones of the victims and aid workers are in my thoughts and prayers, and the most important thing is that America remains strong, and we will certainly overcome this tragedy. I saw the pictures of that destruction, especially in New York and at the Pentagon, which is where I was just 5 minutes before that happened. I was in Vietnam as a POW. I saw B-52s bomb Hanoi day after day after day, and I am telling the Members, with over 100 bombs from each one of those bombers, the destruction was not as great as what I have seen in New York City and at the Pentagon yesterday. It is horrible. Members can bet we will hunt down and punish the cowards responsible for that act. This declaration, this resolution that we have in front of us today, declares that these premeditated attacks struck not only at the people of the United States, but also at the symbols and structures of our economic and military strength, and that the United States is entitled to respond under international law. The problem with that is it does not declare war. It is a war, Mr. Speaker. Let me read what the Canada National Post said today: ``When foreign governments are discovered to be giving aid and succor to terrorists, they, too, must be hit. They must be hit as hard as possible and as often as possible to deter them forever.'' The Dallas Morning News said today, this morning: ``We must remind the world of how precious freedom is and how relentlessly we will defend it. The rest of the world must know that we will not rest until we capture and punish the terrorists responsible, and any nation who protects them.'' May God bless and protect each and every one of us, and all America. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to the gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Sawyer). Mr. SAWYER. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the resolution. Mr. Speaker, our prayers of all faiths are with the families and the victims of yesterday's horrendous attack. Our hopes are with those rescue personnel who are, at this very moment, working with all their heart to find the survivors. And our sorrow is shared by all Americans, for we have all been touched by this heinous act. But the organizers of this violence will not ultimately succeed in their attack. For the object of terror is to instill fear to achieve a purpose. We may not yet know the purpose motivating the attack, but our collective sorrow should not be mistaken for fear. The terrorists only succeed if we give into fear. The terrorists may have destroyed thousands of lives and buildings that symbolize our strength and freedom, but their attacks cannot destroy the larger hopes and ideals of this country. While we act now to reach out a hand to help the victims of this act, we must also reach out another hand to punish those who perpetrated it and those who sheltered them. The wanton cowardice, the deliberate targeting of innocents, demand justice. Justice will be served, but it will require perseverance. We do not yet know whom to blame, and our effort to strike back will not be easy--terrorists groups are more easily defined by ideology than geography. But in the face of cynical evil, we are one Congress, one people, one Nation, and we shall prevail. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Hoeffel), a member of the Committee on International Relations. Mr. HOEFFEL. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me the time. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of this resolution and in support of my country. As I walked to work this morning across the Capitol grounds, I was struck, as I often am, as I always am, by the beauty of the Capitol Building. It occurred to me, as I saw the dome shining so whitely against that bright blue sky today, such a glorious symbol of stability and strength of this country, that it could have been a target yesterday of that fourth ill-fated hijacked plane. The simple truth is that if a terrorist act had destroyed the Capitol dome yesterday, or if a thousand terrorist acts had obliterated the Capitol, America would still be standing firm, as it is today. We stand shoulder to shoulder with the President as our government hunts down and punishes those who were responsible for yesterday's acts of war and for those who assisted in any way. The United States is the greatest country in the world, and we will prove that once again as we bury our dead and heal our wounded, rebuild our greatest city and the Pentagon, punish the perpetrators, and rekindle the light of liberty and freedom in all our citizens. My prayers and condolences go out to the victims of yesterday's cowardly and inhumane attacks. America will never forget the innocent lives that were lost yesterday, and will never be able to forget or repay the bravery of those who are working heroically to save lives in New York and at the Pentagon. Yesterday was a turning point for America, a galvanizing event that has unified Congress and the American people and the President to wage war against terrorism. I hope and I believe that our response to this attack is the beginning of the end of the threat of international terrorism. Let us act to make it so, and may God bless America. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Minnesota (Mr. Ramstad), a member of the Committee on Ways and Means. Mr. RAMSTAD. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding time to me. Mr. Speaker, my fellow Minnesotans join me in expressing our total outrage and deep sadness at the hellacious acts of war committed against the United States of America. My friends from home and I are also praying today for a miracle, as Gordon Aamoth, Jr., from our community of Wayzata, Minnesota, who worked in the World Trade Center, is still unaccounted for. Our thoughts and prayers are with all the victims and their loved ones, and our heartfelt gratitude goes out to the many American heroes who are still out there with the rescue and recovery operations. Let us be clear: This Congress stands united and unanimous in our resolve to use every resource available to track down those dastardly terrorists and destroy them. We also stand united in supporting our President and Commander in Chief in taking quick and decisive action against these cowardly, despicable terrorists. Mr. Speaker, the people of America will prevail because we are Americans. As the President said last night, a great people have been moved to defend a great Nation. Mark my words, the United States will recover, and we will hold these heinous terrorists accountable for their brutal and barbaric acts of war. Mr. Speaker, today the healing begins. Through our tears, we pray for strength. Through our anger, we pray for resolve. Through our hurt, we pray for healing. Most of all, Mr. Speaker, we pray for our fellow Americans who were killed or injured yesterday, as well as their families and friends who grieve so deeply. Mere words are inadequate to express our sympathy and sorrow. May God bless America. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Oregon (Mr. Blumenauer), a valued member of the Committee on International Relations. [[Page 16776]] {time} 1715 Mr. BLUMENAUER. Mr. Speaker, I appreciate the gentleman's courtesy. In our shock and anger and sorrow over this cowardly attack, it is important for us to seize this moment. We Americans learn to draw strength from adversity. In this terrible time, we are demonstrating that Americans have their priorities straight. Our first attention is to provide aid and comfort for the victims and their families. Our next priority is for the safety of our fellow citizens, now and in the future. Finally, America demands justice. We will seek out and hold responsible the cowards who inflicted such carnage on thousands of innocent people. In meeting these priorities, there is a role for every American. Citizens around the country are already stepping forward, giving blood and providing assistance to families of victims. The President has urged that we not allow the terrorist cowards to score a victory by preventing Americans from living life to the fullest. This suggests another important role for Americans, not just going about our business supporting our families and helping others, but refusing to give up our public spaces or our personal liberty. America will not surrender its freedom to fear nor will we fall victim to the baser instincts to perpetuate a downward spiral of violence we have seen in other parts of the world. We will not allow anyone in America to be targeted because of race, religion, or ethnic heritage. Americans believe in the rule of law. There are already pressures in some quarters to lash out. Revenge may be temporarily satisfying, but we Americans have a higher value than revenge. We want justice. Now is the time for all Americans to show that we are different, to demonstrate our strength, our resolve, our courage to be equal to the terrible circumstances that fate has given us. We will not allow the tragic loss of thousands of our fellow citizens to be in vain. This memory will be forever etched in our consciousness, but America will emerge stronger. As Pearl Harbor signaled a turning of the tide against the forces of tyranny and oppression, so too this tragic horror must mark the beginning of the end for the forces of terror and cowardice all around the world, wherever we find them. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentlewoman from North Carolina (Mrs. Myrick), a member of the Committee on Rules. Mrs. MYRICK. Mr. Speaker, yesterday was a tragedy of just unspeakable proportions. It was an act of war against this country, no question. Our thoughts, our prayers are with all those people who are involved in this horrible situation. We need to be sure who did this despicable act, and we will find them and then we need to go after them and wipe them out. If there is a nation or another country that is harboring these terrorists, they also are an enemy of the United States; and we will wipe them out, too. Our Nation's greatness seems to come through adversity. We as a Nation will overcome this. We will triumph over our enemies. And I can assure you that we will remain a beacon for freedom for all mankind. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from Nevada (Ms. Berkley), my friend and distinguished member of the Committee on International Relations. Ms. BERKLEY. Mr. Speaker, I thank the ranking member for yielding me this time, and I rise today in the strongest possible support for this resolution. I condemn these horrendous acts of terrorism as I praise all the unnamed heroes who risked their own lives in order to save others. And I grieve with those who experienced the loss of loved ones. My heart goes out today to the family of Barbara Edwards, a high school teacher from southern Nevada, who was a passenger on the hijacked jet that crashed into the Pentagon. She leaves three children. I support the President and our administration in the pursuit and punishment of those responsible for this heinous crime against humanity. Yesterday's attack was an attack on everything that we believe in as Americans, everything we hold sacred as a nation. It was an attack on freedom of speech. It was an attack on freedom of religion. It was a cowardly attack on innocent people: mothers, fathers, sons, and daughters simply going about their daily routines. Our hearts may be broken and our eyes full of tears, but we Americans have a message for those who carried out this cowardly attack and for those who gave them assistance and shelter: let this be a warning to any who wish to harm us. Americans will not back down. Americans will never live in fear. As Thomas Jefferson once said: ``I have sworn upon the alter of God eternal hostility against every form of tyranny over the mind of man.'' We will persevere over the tyranny of terror, and we will persevere over tyrants everywhere. God bless America. God bless our people. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Virginia (Mr. Wolf), chairman of the Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, State and Judiciary of the Committee on Appropriations, who has been a leader in human rights and anti- terrorism efforts. Mr. WOLF. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of H.J. Res. 61, which expresses the sense of the Senate and the House regarding the terrorist attacks launched against the United States. My heartfelt sympathy extends to all the families, many from our region, who lost loved ones in this terrible act of cowardice. The mothers, the fathers, the sons, the daughters, the friends and neighbors who perished in the World Trade Center in New York City, at the Pentagon, and on four commercial airlines will never be forgotten. I also want to extend my thanks and praise to the courageous firefighters, rescue workers, police officers, servicemen and women, and the scores of volunteers who have been working around the clock with regard to the rescue effort. As the words of the resolution state, these attacks were by far the deadliest terrorist attacks ever launched against the United States. And by targeting symbols of America's strength and success, they clearly were intended to intimidate our Nation and weaken its resolve. We will not be intimidated. We will do all we can and stand behind President Bush, our nation's commander in chief, as he works to respond to the evils of terrorism. We also stand behind the statement that there will be no distinction between the terrorists who committed these acts and those who harbor them. I am committed to seeing that every resource possible be put together and put towards apprehending and punishing the people who planned and assisted in the implementation of these heinous actions against innocent victims. Our response must be swift and aggressive. The terrorists must be brought to justice and the countries which harbor them must be held responsible. We are a strong Nation, united in our determination to continue to be the beacon of freedom to all in the world. We should pray for our country. May God bless America and God bless all our people. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to my good friend, the gentleman from Georgia (Mr. Bishop), a distinguished Member of Congress. Mr. BISHOP. I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time. Mr. Speaker, so far, nothing our country has done to deter terrorism has worked on an enduring basis. In spite of our intelligence operations, retaliatory strikes, and a few arrests and trials, the murderous attacks have continued unabated and have escalated in severity culminating in yesterday's slaughter of thousands of our citizens. Unless our nation unites behind a more forceful and relentless cause of action, whatever the risk may be, we may never be free of this evil threat; and we will continue to pay a terrible price. [[Page 16777]] Mr. Speaker, many of us have been touched personally by this tragedy. One of my former staff members, Brittley Wise Salinardi, is the wife of the property manager of the World Trade Center, Rich Salinardi. Rich is missing and Brittley is devastated with anxiety, having no word of his fate. Our prayers are with these extraordinary young people and their families and with all those who have been touched and who have suffered so grievously from yesterday's attack. Let us stand together to rid the world of the evil forces responsible for the war they are waging against humanity. I support this resolution. Let us rid the world of this scourge of terrorism and make those responsible pay the price. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentlewoman from Washington (Ms. Dunn), a member of the Committee on Ways and Means. Ms. DUNN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of this resolution not only as a Member of Congress but also as an American citizen who is deeply saddened by the heinous acts committed yesterday against the United States. These are acts of hatred. They are acts of violence. They are acts of war. Today, after hearing more accounts of what thousands of individuals endured yesterday, it is clear that yesterday's events will live forever in the memory of every American. One thing is certain, the President, Congress, and military leaders have launched the greatest manhunt this country has ever known. There will be serious consequences for these unconscionable acts of aggression. I can assure the people of my State of Washington, many who have lost friends and loved ones, that in their names I am fully committed to working with our President and our military and intelligence leaders in supporting them in any actions they believe are appropriate. As the President has said, we are a nation of spirit and strength. We will prevail. From blood banks that were overflowing with donors to the thousands of rescue workers who traveled to Manhattan and to the Pentagon to help with relief efforts, we have shown that we are one strong nation. We will be united as we deal with this tragedy. I have no doubt that those responsible for yesterday's actions do not understand the American people. They believe that they can destroy our values and our freedom by destroying our buildings. They forget that our heritage is the heritage of patriots, and freedom, democracy, and liberty are instilled deep in the hearts and the minds of every American. Mr. Speaker, this flame of patriotism will not be extinguished. In fact, today, it burns more brightly than ever before. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from California (Mrs. Napolitano), my friend and colleague and a valued member of the Committee on International Relations. Mrs. NAPOLITANO. Mr. Speaker, I thank my friend, the ranking member from California, for yielding me this time; and I too rise in support of this resolution. Mr. Speaker, there are no words to describe the unbelievable horror and the traumatic shock that all Americans feel in the aftermath of yesterday's cowardly attack upon our great nation. These murderers, terrorists, and their sponsors clearly do not understand America. If they did, they would have known that American resolve and the spirit of democracy and freedom cannot be broken by these heinous actions of brutality and disregard for all human life. While they intended to weaken the very core of our national identity, all they did was strengthen our devotion to one another, to our government, to our great country and to our never ending support of liberty not only here, but around the globe. In the faces of the emergency personnel working to rescue innocent victims in New York and at the Pentagon, and in the faces of thousands of Americans waiting in line to donate blood can be seen the enduring strength of America and demonstrates the devotion that brings us all together for healing. In these hard, dire times, when we are faced with the cold reality of terrorism, it is heartening to see that all Americans, regardless of party affiliation, regardless of religious beliefs, race, or ethnicity are coming together to show the world that the United States will not tolerate terrorism nor will we ever abandon our values of democracy and freedom. Let us also remember that at our very core we are and always will be a Nation of feeling, caring immigrants. That has been our enduring strength and it is the future of the Nation. But do not mistake that for weakness or for indecision. We stand united behind our President and our leaders in the sure and certain faith that we will indeed persevere and bring justice to all those responsible for these atrocities. We are committed. Thank you America. God bless us all. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Delaware (Mr. Castle), chairman of the Subcommittee on Education Reform of the Committee on Education and the Workforce, and the former governor of Delaware. {time} 1730 Mr. CASTLE. Mr. Speaker, like millions of my fellow American citizens, I am feeling a series of emotions ranging from tremendous sadness to shock and anger. The sadness is almost overwhelming when we see images of destruction in New York and the Pentagon and when we think of the families that have been torn apart by this unprecedented tragedy. We are shocked that a terrorist attack of this magnitude could happen in the United States and that public buildings in our largest cities were attacked. We are also angry, angry that these terrorist criminals have resorted to using civilian airlines as their weapons of destruction and that they targeted thousands of innocent people going about their daily lives. Yes, these terrorists have met their goal of causing us this sadness, shock and anger. But what they may not realize is that they have awakened the tremendous resolve and determination of American people. We are grieving in mourning for those who were lost, and we are reaching out to the families. At the same time, we are determined to respond to this attack. These horrific acts of violence are equal to any act of war we have ever faced. In many ways, they go beyond what we have experienced in the past because they have targeted innocent people who would never be the primary targets of violence in any past definition of war. This is a defining moment in our history. We must marshal all of our other emotions to strengthen our determination to respond to this attack in a comprehensive and ongoing manner. The terrorist criminals who committed this act have awakened the giant that is America. We will not rest until we have taken every step to bring these criminals to justice and to combat the terrorism that threatens the entire civilized world. We must change our view of terrorism. It is no longer an occasional threat that we respond to and then return to a sense of complacency. It will take a new approach, a comprehensive one that includes our military, our intelligence capability, and how we protect our citizens at home and abroad. We are sad and angry, but we are also determined. Let us use this determination to honor those who were lost and to protect all Americans for today and in the future. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield as much time as he may consume to the gentleman from California (Mr. Farr). Mr. FARR of California. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of House Joint Resolution 61. Mr. Speaker, I rise to support H.J. Res. 61 which deplores yesterday's barbarous attack against our country and our people. I commend all of my colleagues for their heart-felt and inspiring words. I would like to add my voice to the resounding unanimity of this body in commending the heroic deeds of our fellow countrymen, and condemning the treacherous act of terrorism which struck at the heart of our nation. [[Page 16778]] First, I would like to extend my deepest sympathies and condolences to families and fiends who have lost their love ones in this horrendous, tragic event. These innocent lives were ended without reason, without warning. They were not, however, ended without cause. We know that they died in defense of our country, of the American way of life. All of those grieving should know that these lives were not lost in vain. In this hour of loss and need, I have been astounded by the countless acts of solidarity and self-sacrifice exhibited by Americans toward their neighbors. These are, indeed, ``the times that try men's souls.'' America has been tried and it has been proven true. True to the ideals of courage, of honor, of love and friendship to our fellow man. We must give thanks to live in a land that inspires such loving and giving people. Sufficient praise cannot be given to the fire-fighters, relief workers, and ordinary citizens who, in the face of life-threatening adversity, turned and entered the jaws of death to save lives. Some of these brave heroes sacrificed themselves that others might live. In this day and age, when we are accused of being a selfish, self-centered and apathetic generation, we can look back to these acts and these people and they will give us strength and faith in ourselves and in our great nation. And as we look back, we must also look forward. For our task ahead is to continue the work of ``making the world safe for democracy.'' We are called upon now to renew and strengthen this great and noble mission. As many here have said so forcefully and eloquently, democracy itself has been threatened and we must respond. We must respond by steeling ourselves against our enemies, and fighting against the chaos that they sought to inflict upon us. We must continue to demonstrate our strength and our unity. We must continue to show the world that we are one country, with one heart and one will. We will find our enemies, we will meet them and we will defeat them. And just as the bombings of New York and Washington were moral as well as physical attacks, we must concentrate our efforts on defeating our moral as well as our physical enemies. Terrorism does not reside in one man, in one country. It is an idea which must be combated each day in the hearts and minds if it is to be defeated once and for all. And just as we must and will find and bring to justice those who are responsible for this atrocious and unpardonable act, we must not think that one attack will be sufficient. The war on terrorism will be a war to eradicate the seeds of terrorism, a war to eliminate the environment in which terrorism takes root. To make the world safe for democracy, we must make the world impossible for terrorism. I thank the Speaker for giving me the opportunity to express my sorrow, sympathy, admiration and indignation. As we move forward, we must move together and present a unified front to our allies and enemies--meeting the former with love, appreciation and solidarity, the latter with steadfast resolve and determination. God bless America and our righteous mission. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from New York (Ms. Velazquez). Ms. VELAZQUEZ. Mr. Speaker, today I join my colleagues, our fellow Americans, and people around the world to offer our prayers to the families of those lost or injured in yesterday's unspeakable crimes. We stand here in solidarity with the President, who represents this Nation and its resolve to hunt down those responsible and bring them to justice. No one should doubt our unity and our commitment to rebuild in the wake of this deliberate tragedy. To the thousands of Americans who have lost loved ones or still wait in vigil for the missing, we offer prayers and hope for you who were devastated by yesterday's events. You have suffered an incredible personal tragedy and receive our sympathy for bearing the brunt of this assault on our Nation. To the people of New York, you demonstrated the finest heroism and humanity during the direst hour. Thousands of you risked your lives to help others as smoke, ash and debris rained on you. Thousands more of you streamed into blood donation centers to meet an incredible demand, saving countless more lives. Your spirit and resilience make our city and our country great. Together we will rebuild our city even greater than it was before. To the American people, we feel the same pain and anger you feel as we stand witness together to these terrible events, and we support the effort to find those who aided or abetted these crimes. They will be found, and they will be brought to justice. So today, Mr. Speaker, I encourage all Americans to reach out to one another for support on this difficult day. For in our unity, we find our greatest strength to steel ourselves for the challenges that face us. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Missouri (Mr. Hulshof). Mr. HULSHOF. Mr. Speaker, words fail us. We dutifully attempt to muster as much eloquence as is humanly possible; and yet no one can adequately express the events that have so dominated us during these dark days. The most basic civil right of humankind is to be free from fear. Yesterday, every American had his or her civil rights forcibly violated. These unprovoked, yet provocative, attacks on the highest profile symbols of American culture have caused untold loss of life. Innocent victims perished for no other reason other than they were Americans. As a Nation we were knocked to our knees with the graphic pictures and sounds as we collectively experienced the horrific tragedies in New York, near Pittsburg, and here in Washington, D.C. We now remain on our knees and murmur a collective prayer to the God who has placed the dream of freedom in every human heart. Mr. Speaker, as Members of Congress, each one of us swore an oath to protect and preserve our liberty and freedom from all enemies, foreign and domestic. When a domestic terrorist selected Oklahoma City as his target, we extracted from him the fullest measure of punishment allowed by law. We must be as a body no less committed in this case. The conspiracy of foreign enemies have committed acts of war against the sovereignty and against the security of these United States. Therefore, be it highly resolved that these honored dead shall not have died in vain. You may have extinguished American lives, but you have not and never can extinguish our American spirit. We have and will continue to survive even this most difficult and painful assault on our Republic. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as she may consume to the gentlewoman from Colorado (Ms. DeGette). Ms. DeGETTE. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of this resolution. Yesterday's act of war will go down in history as an act that forever changed America. Not since Pearl Harbor has our country faced such a horror. But this attack took aim at innocent people who when they kissed their families goodbye in the morning merely were going to work. And yesterday's attackers, rather than an identifiable enemy, were anonymous extremists, a faceless lot who don't even have the courage to come out of the dark to claim their despicable handiwork. What is the same today as it in 1941, is the will and the strength of America. We may be bloodied, but we are unbowed. We must respond, as we did at that critical juncture, with determination, courage and unity. We must understand that the war we must wage against barbarism is more complex than the wars we have fought in the past, but like those wars will not be won with a single military strike. It will take wisdom and patience. Our challenge is to strengthen our defenses so that we will never again have to see scenes like we witnessed yesterday and to increase our intelligence gathering capabilities while at the same time maintaining our core American values. It would serve only the ends of the extremists if we were to trample the Bill of Rights in response to this crisis. I have been heartened by the response of the American people. Ordinary citizens became extraordinary orators in responding to these barbarous attacks. I hope that the people responsible for yesterday's atrocities have been watching, because if they have been they now know that they have done nothing but firm our resolve. They are no closer to touching the foundations of the United States than they were before this heinous attack. We are stronger today that we were yesterday. We must ferret out these monsters and bring them to justice. We owe it to the children who lost their parents and the parents who lost their children yesterday. We must hold accountable those institutions and groups that have supported them in their madness. We must hold the line against hatred. We must [[Page 16779]] stand up for humanity, for civilized society. We must stand against the tyranny of extremism. And I know we will. As President Franklin Roosevelt said in his speech following the attack on Pearl harbor: ``We will not only defend ourselves to the uttermost, but will make it very certain that this form of treachery shall never again endanger us.'' Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to the gentleman from North Carolina (Mr. Watt). Mr. WATT of North Carolina. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the resolution. In the aftermath of unprecedented attacks of the kind our country witnessed yesterday, no words can express the full range of emotions: horror, dismay, sadness, anger, etc. I join with all my colleagues in expressing condolences to the families of the people who were killed in these tragic incidents and in praying for the full recovery of the many people who were injured. I also join my colleagues in thanking so many people whose acts of bravery and heroism may receive little, if any, notice in the midst of this crisis. They reaffirm my confidence in our country's ability to withstand this crisis and our unity as Members of Congress should assure them of our commitment to determine who is responsible for these cowardly acts and bring them to justice. Mr. Speaker, I want to pay special tribute to the family of Sandy Bradshaw, a flight attendant on United Airlines flight 93 which crashed in Pennsylvania. Her husband, Phil and her children, Alexandria and Shenan, are still hoping against all odds that she is still alive. They are residents of my Congressional District in Greensboro, North Carolina, and I want them to know that all my constituents are praying for them in a special way. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Evans). Mr. EVANS. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time. As the son of a firefighter, I was never so proud as I was of what firefighters did yesterday; but I believe all of our law enforcement officials, doctors and nurses, blood donors and volunteers, deserve to be saluted as well. Mr. Speaker, we will have a problem for survivors that I hope will be addressed head-on, and that is psychological problems referred to by Vietnam veterans called post-traumatic stress disorder. Many of the victims will have problems without any other additional assistance, and I was pleased to hear that the administration has called upon this country to provide the support that our fellow citizens who have survived and have post-traumatic stress disorder to come forward and help fund those programs. Mr. Speaker, I am proud of the City of Washington in terms of what local people did. We had cooperation and openness. The citizens of this great city came together and worked together with us. Mr. Speaker, we need to be careful to be good to each other as colleagues in this body. The gentleman in the chair today, the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. LaHood), has led us in the past to make sure that we are a user-friendly institution, and I salute the gentleman and call upon my colleagues to make sure that we keep together on these important issues that we are going to be facing in the next few days and in the next few years. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from Oklahoma (Mr. Watts), the distinguished chairman of the House Republican Conference. Mr. WATTS of Oklahoma. Mr. Speaker, there are few words that can articulate what our Nation experienced yesterday. The tragedy that Americans experienced was a blemish on our Nation's history. It was a day that will be remembered by families in New York City and Washington, D.C., and every town throughout the country. Unlike momentous days of joy that we tell our children and grandchildren about, September 11, 2001, will be a day that we will recall for years to come with sadness and with sorrow. Like Pearl Harbor and the Oklahoma City bombing in 1995, the surprise attack on the people and sites that run the country, our economy, our military and government will not be the final word. There can be no justice without peace, but there can be no peace without justice. Over 6 years ago I stood on this floor and condemned the bombing of the Federal Building in Oklahoma City. Today, like 1995, we should remain strong. We should not succumb to fear. If we succumb to fear and paranoia, the terrorists have won. In this time of emergency and mourning, let us open our hearts to those that need our help. Mr. Speaker, I urge my fellow Americans, if they can, give blood; if they can, give their time. Fly an American flag at half-mast. Take time to pray. Give thanks to those who are helping us through this crisis, and give thoughts to those who suffer because of the acts of faceless cowards. Our Nation will get through this upheaval. We will not let the pernicious intentions of an unidentified organization curtail the business or the strength of character of the United States of America. To the families and friends of those who lost their lives, know they are not alone in their sorrow. I pray for them. We pray for them. And to the medics, the doctors and nurses, the firefighters, the police officers, the rescue workers, Salvation Army, Red Cross, and to all of the other emergency personnel on the scene of the incidents, we thank them for their service to our Nation and our sister communities here in Washington, D.C. and in New York. Mr. Speaker, politics has taken a day off. Today Congress recognizes and remembers the afflicted and the sorrowing and those who came to the aid of their fellow man. Ralph Waldo Emerson in 1842 captured what I think we are all thinking today. He said, ``Sorrow makes us all children again, destroys all differences of intellect. The wisest knows nothing.'' Mr. Speaker, I thank my colleagues on both sides of the aisle for their service and leadership during this national tragedy. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to the gentleman from Wisconsin (Mr. Kleczka). Mr. KLECZKA. Mr. Speaker, I rise in disgust of yesterday's terrorist acts, and in strong support of the resolution before us. Mr. Speaker, I rise in disgust of yesterday's terrorists acts and in strong support of this resolution. The cowardly acts of terrorism carried out yesterday against fellow Americans are sickening and unparalleled since the surprise attack on Pearl Harbor nearly sixty years ago. Each of the commercial aircraft used as weapons were carrying innocent men, women, and children. And the timing of the assaults--around 9am on a weekday morning, seems to have been designed to maximize the loss of innocent life for those in all the buildings attacked. Know full well that we as a government will not rest until those responsible are found and severely punished. We salute those dedicated rescue workers, firefighters, and police who have been working around the clock to try to reach those that might still be trapped alive inside. My sympathies and condolences go out to those who lost their lives, the injured and the families who will forever bear the scars of this day from hell. But while these heinous acts were carefully planned, in the ultimate sense these terrorists have failed in their mission. They can shake the foundations of skyscrapers, but they cannot break our spirit. We are not broken. We are saddened, but stand firm in our resolve as a country and a people. At this time of national shock, we all stand together as a country in prayer, mourning, and resolve as we join in support of our President as he leads us in the days and weeks ahead. May God bless our nation. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as she may consume to the gentlewoman from Oregon (Ms. Hooley). Ms. HOOLEY of Oregon. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the resolution. Mr. Speaker, simply put, in the annals of our history, September 11, 2001 will be forever remembered as a day of unprecedented barbarism. Perhaps most tragic, the Constitutional freedoms we enjoy on a daily basis--the same protections which allow us to serve in Congress and which millions of men and women fought and died to guarantee to every American--were cruelly exploited for a vile purpose: to simply slaughter thousands of innocents. Mr. Speaker, there's a good chance we'll never know how many Americans perished in these attacks. [[Page 16780]] We'll certainly never comprehend the sheer terror they felt, nor the anguish their loved ones are facing today. But in our capacity as human beings we can certainly empathize with their plight. This was an act of war against the American people, as such, Congress must ensure our armed forces appropriately respond to this attack to quickly and decisively eliminate the individuals and their allies who would strike a blow against our liberty. We must set the same goals of previous generations of Americans, and seek an absolute and unconditional victory that ensures our sons and daughters wives and husbands, and friends and neighbors are never, ever again exposed to such an act of barbarism. We stand together as members of Congress and as Americans in our resolve to identify those responsible for conceiving and carrying out these acts of war, and to exact justice for this unforgivable assault. With that, I urge my colleagues to adopt this resolution. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Guam (Mr. Underwood). Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, today in the aftermath of the most devastating attack on American civilians in our Nation's history, we take up the task of rebuilding our spirits, reaffirming our commitment to our national values, and making the pledge that this will never happen again. As we console the families of the victims, as we remind ourselves about the core American values of freedom and democracy, and as we make plans to deal with the terrorists, we must remember who we are as a people. We are the participants of a great democratic undertaking, a national project which stands as an example for the rest of the world. We have a duty to perfect and protect our Nation, and we must never be swayed from the road towards freedom and democracy for ourselves and as a beacon for the planet. Mr. Speaker, there are many emotions that race through our bodies individually and collectively. We are saddened by the pictures of the attacks and elated with pride by the essential goodness of our people, and we are also filled with anger and thoughts of vengeance as we contemplate future action. We must be mindful of our responsibilities as leaders to deal with this crisis in an orderly manner which demonstrates calm, which reassures our people that we will be an even greater people in the future, and which provides evidence of our core values as people. We must first comfort the families and friends of the victims. We must remind ourselves of the democratic values which make us great and which make us a target. Mr. Speaker, then we must take action against the terrorists and ensure that this never happens again. We must conduct ourselves with dignity and resolve, confident in the inevitable success in our national purpose and democracy. The people of Guam stand ready to do our part in this national crusade at this time of crisis. As so often has happened in the past century, Guam is ready to do its part in national defense, in demonstrating resolve. We have made our contributions in the past. We will do our part again and again in this century. {time} 1745 Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Frelinghuysen), my good friend and colleague. Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from New Jersey for yielding me the time. I rise in support of the resolution and I join with all Americans and so many New Jerseyans who are personally affected by this crisis in prayer for the victims of yesterday's unthinkable, horrible acts of terrorism against our people. Words cannot properly express our sorrow for the victims and their families. For those of us who come from New York and New Jersey, our friends and neighbors who work in lower Manhattan, who commute every day from our hometowns, their families and their lives have been changed forever by yesterday's unspeakable events, as well as for our military and civilian personnel at the Pentagon. We feel for their loved ones, their children, their spouses and family members whose lives have been irreversibly changed forever. We also salute the courage and professionalism and heroism and generosity of so many firefighters, police, emergency and medical personnel, and many volunteers of their own blood, food, shelter and comfort. These volunteers have and continue to offer themselves so unselfishly. The President and all Americans pledge our support to assist all the families and victims of these tragedies. We will hold accountable those responsible wherever they may be, that they may be brought to justice. We will do all that is called for and all that is needed in defense of our country and its citizens and to bring these criminals to justice. As Americans, we have always known, ``Freedom is not free.'' Countless Americans have fought and secured these freedoms, and now as our Nation is again tested, we will be as strong as a Nation, united as a people, and more committed than ever before to the defense of our freedoms, our citizens and our great Nation. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am delighted to yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from California (Ms. Roybal-Allard), my friend and colleague. Ms. ROYBAL-ALLARD. Mr. Speaker, I rise to join my colleagues in strong support of this resolution expressing heartfelt condolences to the victims and families directly impacted by yesterday's horrific acts of violence and in condemning the cowardly acts of terrorism against our country. These acts were intended to shatter the very foundation of American society, but instead this violence has highlighted the fact that we Americans are strongest and most united in the face of adversity. This is evident as we watch the heroic effort of the men and women who are valiantly responding to help the victims of these murderous acts, and it is evident in our Nation's resolve and unity to find and to punish those responsible for these unconscionable acts of violence against innocent Americans. Our hearts and prayers go out to the families and loved ones of the victims, and I assure them that we as a Nation will not rest until the enemies responsible for this attack upon our country and, indeed, democracies everywhere have been brought to justice. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Florida (Mr. Bilirakis), my good friend and colleague. Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from New Jersey for yielding me the time. Mr. Speaker, Margaret Thatcher once said that the U.S. was unique because it was the only country whose very existence was based on an idea, the idea of freedom. Whether on a battlefield or in a factory, at home or abroad, in peace or confrontation, it is the American heart, an unbridled and unyielding spirit, that has pulled us through over 200 years of freedom. On September 11, 2001, America's calm was shattered by a horrendous act of terrorism. There is no doubt that this day will long be remembered, and our thoughts and prayers are with those whose lives have been forever altered by this tragedy. America responded to this tragedy the way we have responded to past ones, by coming together and reaching out to one another. Yesterday, Americans rushed to the aid of their fellow Americans without thought of the possible consequences to themselves. Even as we pull together to recover from this tragedy, one thing is perfectly clear and has been made over and over again today and yesterday: America has never, nor will it now, yield to terrorism. Make no mistake, we will find and bring to justice the despicable individuals who in any manner helped carry out these heinous crimes. They have made a fatal miscalculation and should expect swift and severe retaliation by the United States of America. Those who perpetrated this heinous act have reawakened a sleeping giant, and they should know that their acts of cowardice will never break our spirit or [[Page 16781]] lessen our love for freedom and democracy. Their evil has united us and will make us stronger and more resolved to fight for the ideals upon which this great Nation was founded. The attack on America may change our view of the world but it will not change our American spirit. God bless America. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am delighted to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Rhode Island (Mr. Langevin), my good friend and distinguished colleague. Mr. LANGEVIN. Mr. Speaker, today I join my colleagues in support of this resolution before us. I come to the floor deeply distraught and outraged by the senseless, terrorist actions perpetrated yesterday against the American people. My thoughts and prayers are with the victims of these crimes and with their families, and I wish to pay special honor to those who call Rhode Island their home: Amy Jarret of North Smithfield; Carol Bouchard from my hometown in Warwick; Renee Newell of Cranston; Shawn Nassaney of Pawtucket; and David and Lynn Angell of Barrington. Sadly, in the coming days, I fear that the names on this list will grow, and I offer my deepest condolences to the loved ones of these innocent victims. For more than two centuries, Rhode Island, and indeed America, has been a bastion of democracy, freedom and tolerance, principles and ideals that were targets of yesterday's cowardly attacks. However, Rhode Islanders and all Americans are also known for their independence and strong spirit. Our resolve and love for freedom will not be broken by terrorism. As a member of the Committee on Armed Services, I vow to do all in my power to find those implicated in these attacks and bring them swiftly to justice. Mr. Speaker, make no mistake about it, all these terrorists have done is awakened a sleeping giant, and now this Nation stands united. It is our responsibility in Congress to protect the American people and our democratic ideals, and I stand by the President and our leadership in these endeavors. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to the gentleman from North Carolina (Mr. Burr). Mr. BURR of North Carolina. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the resolution. Mr. Speaker, a new day has dawned in America. Yesterday morning, our Nation felt the full force of terrorism and saw the real face of evil in an attack designed to cripple this Nation by cowards who hold no regard for human life. In a carefully coordinated and well planned attack on symbols of our Nation's strength, they sought to destroy the very foundation of our democracy. In this new day, the entire world has learned they failed. Their cowardly attack has shaken our country and has taken from us some of our best and brightest, but they had not crippled our Nation. Their attempt to destroy our democracy has only served to make it stronger. Our Nation, united and with great resolve, will see its way through this ordeal. As Americans, we will comfort our grieving countrymen. As Americans, we will heal our wounded. As Americans, we will bury our dead. And then, as Americans, we will remember why they died and track down those who perpetrated this act. We shall not be deterred. and we shall not be defeated. Yesterday, an act of war was carried out against these United States. Today, a united American people are prepared to rebuild their lives and communities. Driven by the principles of democracy, this place that some call America and we call home has been strengthened because the American people have strengthened. America will remain a beacon for peace and freedom around the world. American history will document the devastation caused and the lives that were lost, but the new dawn highlights our greatest asset, the resolve of the American people. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Nebraska (Mr. Terry), a member of the Committee on Energy and Commerce. Mr. TERRY. Mr. Speaker, this is a simple measure but heartfelt. There is no way to express our feelings of grief and sorrow for the American citizens who are dead and injured from this horrible, gruesome, barbarism that struck our Nation yesterday and our cities of New York and Washington. My condolences go out to all of the innocent people who suffered from the brutality of these world terrorists who sought out the innocent to complete their cruel missions. Those who committed this atrocity are, simply put, the scum of the Earth and they must be punished. The acts of terrorism must not be the daily concerns of Americans. We must be able to feel secure in our homes. Acts of terrorism must be stopped. As a Member of Congress, I will work to make sure that the terrorist organizations that carried out this horrible act and those who helped them and protect them are destroyed. I am willing to commit all the resources necessary to accomplish this goal. Our President stated yesterday, ``Our resolve has been tested, and we will show the world that we will pass that test.'' I agree. I can only add that our action must be swift and decisive. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Ortiz). Mr. ORTIZ. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of this resolution. We need to take proper action. Mr. Speaker, with a heavy heart, I rise today and offer my condolences and prayers to the families of the victims killed in New York, Washington and Pennsylvania. Our nation has faced an unspeakable evil that will forever color how we live our lives and conduct our policy. Our world has always been a dangerous place, and it will continue to be so. After leaving this historical building yesterday, I wasn't altogether sure we would see it again. This building, representative of our freedom and democracy, is a very large target for those who oppose our country. It will continue to be a target. Of course, if that fact can change how we work here, then the terrorists win. It is for us to set the example of getting back to work, condemning this act of war and horror, and hunt and return for justice the person or people who did this. If there is a nation involved, we will judge them as part of the effort and attack with the vengeance of the strongest nation on the face of the earth. Our sacrifices throughout the 20th Century meant that--largely-- Americans had no fear of attack on our nation. Pearl Harbor pierced that fearlessness for a moment, and September 11's Trade Towers- Pentagon attack differs only in that Pearl Harbor was a military base and that it was attacked by a nation on which we could declare war. We knew who they were and where to find them. This situation teaches us that the price of freedom today will be borne by the everyday patriot who goes to work in a high-profile place as they stand on the front lines of danger. The front lines of danger today are banks, industry, borders, monuments and government buildings, in addition to our military bases. And it is our duty to stand bravely on those lines and put the possibility of danger in the back of our minds. If we are guided by the danger of where we are, the terrorists have succeeded in striking fear and terror in our hearts, and they can win in our minds what they could never win on a field of battle. Yesterday, our democracy was damaged, and today it evolves to remain supreme. We lost no freedoms for the moment, but this nation not only has a strong military, we have enormous resolve and the pioneer spirit that settled a continent, explored space and leads the world in the global economy. It is easy to see why there are those who despise us; but they despise us for the very thing that makes us great: our spirit and our fortitude for freedom. This is a call for this century and this generation. Nothing has really moved you to think about what this country means to you, how fragile our liberties are? Then let this moment in history move you. Let it move you to a greater understanding of our nation and our constitutionally-protected liberties, let it move you to appreciate those liberties, let it take us to a deeper understanding of who we are as a country. We are many people from many countries in a single nation. We are from every corner of the planet, yet we share the liberties of this nation. This tragic attack killed men women and children from nations throughout the world, and the response upon the criminals should be a world-wide response. We have many different ideas that divide us on policy, but that is the meaning of America, many people, many ideas, but one spirit. Let no enemy misunderstand when these many people speak with one loud, angry voice: we will find you and we will punish you. We are stronger than you and more powerful than you and we have [[Page 16782]] more moral courage than you because we value life. Even when you attack innocents, Americans will always fight back, and we have evidence that this place could well have been spared for the heroic efforts of some of the victims on the plane in Pennsylvania. Let this moment move Americans to bear the burden of going to work on behalf of our nation with the fearlessness of our soldiers on a battlefield. Let it move each American to remember these immortal words from the foundations of our nation, ``Don't tread on me.'' America is a powerful force with which to be reckoned. We will find the responsible party. We resolve to find who did this--we punish our enemies. We will do this in memory of every victim of this terrorist act, and we will do it on behalf of the liberties for which the victims of this attack died in a battle they did not anticipate. We should express a special appreciation of the firefighters and law enforcement officers who gave their lives in the effort to save civilians in the rubble of the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. Law enforcement officers and fire fighters have a tremendously painful job to do and they are ready exhausted. Please say a prayer tonight for the injured and unaccounted for here and in New York, pray for the victims' families involved in this murderous attack, pray for the people who are helping them find their loved ones, and pray for our nation, that we exercise good judgment in our quest to make someone take responsibility for this. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from New York (Mr. LaFalce), the distinguished ranking member of the Committee on Financial Services. Mr. LaFALCE. I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time. Mr. Speaker, on December 7, 1941, Pearl Harbor was attacked, and Franklin Delano Roosevelt said that day shall go down as a day of infamy. On September 11, 2001, the United States was attacked, and I believe that day will go down as our day of greatest infamy. Over 2,000 were killed at Pearl Harbor. I fear that the dead and injured in yesterday's sneak attack will be far, far greater than that. Tom Brokaw wrote a book entitled ``Our Greatest Generation.'' I enjoyed that book. I was proud of the men and women who made up, who make up, that greatest generation. We responded to the attack on Pearl Harbor with unity; decisively, forcefully. And I am supremely confident that we will match the American response of the forties, that we are unified, that we will act decisively and forcefully, as decisively and forcefully as we acted against Japan, and that perhaps one day our present generation might be known, because of our response, as the greatest generation. Many people believe in a supreme being. Some call the supreme being God, others refer to Yahweh and others refer to Allah. I only hope and pray that whatever one's faith, we will all come to realize that we can only serve the supreme being's will by acts of love, not by acts of killing. I hope that day will come soon. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to the gentleman from Arizona (Mr. Stump), chairman of the Committee on Armed Services. Mr. STUMP. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the resolution. Yesterday, our Nation suffered an unimaginable tragedy. The separate attacks that took place in New York and Washington were deliberate acts of aggression against our country, our people, and our way of life. Together, they constituted the worst act of terrorism directed against the United States in our Nation's history. Yesterday was one of our Nation's darkest days. Those who planned and perpetrated these outrageous acts of terror deserve our unanimous condemnation. Our heartfelt sympathies go out to those injured in yesterday's attacks, and to the families, friends, and loved ones of those who lost their lives for no other reason than the fact that they were Americans. As Chairman of the Armed Services Committee, I also wish to express my sadness at the tragic loss of life of military and civilian personnel at the Department of Defense. This resolution also appropriately commends the efforts of the emergency service workers and other volunteers who have demonstrated through their courageous rescue efforts what it means to be an American. This is the time for Congress to unite in support of the President and his efforts to take all necessary action against those responsible for this tragedy. If we fail to do so, the terrorists have won. It is time to recognize that the United States can no longer fight terrorism according to the rules of civilized behavior. Terrorists know no rules. Their aim is to commit the mass murder of innocent civilians. Yesterday, they succeeded--right here, on our own shores. We must resolve not to let them succeed again. The scourge of terrorism is not new, and America is no stranger to terrorist attacks. But yesterday's events demonstrate that this threat has taken on a new and more deadly form. It also demonstrates that our Nation's geographic distance from areas of conflict and turmoil no longer provides a guarantee of security. For these reasons, we need to ensure that our military forces remain second-to- none--sufficiently equipped and trained to defend against, and respond to, any act of aggression against our Nation, our people, or our interests. Mr. Speaker, this resolution is an appropriate expression of our sympathy for the victims of yesterday's attacks and our support for the President's actions in response. I urge my colleagues to support it. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from California (Mr. Horn). Mr. HORN. Mr. Speaker, yesterday, September 11, our Nation was assaulted in a vicious, well-planned and cold-blooded act of mass murder. Many have compared these horrible acts with Pearl Harbor. Certainly our shock, horror and anger are similar, and both acts were planned with military precision. But Pearl Harbor was an open act of war against military targets by a clearly identified aggressor. Yesterday's attacks were an assassin's strike against innocent men, women and children, chosen as victims solely because they were Americans. We are deeply angered and properly outraged by these acts, as we were on December 7, 1941. But now is the time for calm and deliberate, thoughtful countersteps to protect our Nation and to end this deadly threat. We should take special care not to repeat the mistakes of 1941. Many Americans of Japanese ancestry were interned during the Second World War. Those interned never committed a sabotage of any sort. Finally, the Federal judiciary recognized that. In fact, many Japanese Americans joined the Army and served our Nation with great skill and courage. {time} 1800 Those who served in the 442nd Regimental Combat Team in Italy and Europe were the most decorated unit in the United States Army. That should teach us to guard against unthinking stereotypes and prejudice. We should not think that those who may look like our enemies are in fact allied or even sympathetic to those who are behind these despicable actions. We should be working with NATO and the Arab world, our Gulf War allies. Those who believe in democracy must stand with us. Those who reject our call to arms against terrorism must not receive support from us. It is a time to act. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield such time as she may consume to the gentlewoman from Florida (Mrs. Meek). Mrs. MEEK of Florida. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of this resolution. Mr. Speaker, yesterday's cowardly terrorist attacks on the United States leave us with images of horror that will remain etched in our hearts and minds forever: The innocent passengers of the four hijacked flights, all of whom died; the thousands of workers in the World Trade Center and at the Pentagon who simply happened to be in the wrong place at the wrong time; the brave firemen, policemen and emergency medical personnel, many of whom were lost as they worked to save those in need in New York and Washington; all of the families whose loved ones are unaccounted for or who remain in harm's way. Thousands of our fellow citizens have lost their lives and thousands more have suffered injuries, many of which will change their lives and those of their families permanently. My thoughts and prayers go out to all the victims of these attacks. Mr. Speaker, these tragic images are unimaginable. Yet we know that they are real and the perpetrators of this nightmare must be identified and brought to justice. Let the word go out to those responsible for this devastation and to all enemies of freedom: Have no [[Page 16783]] doubt, we will do whatever is required to punish those responsible for these despicable acts of war and all who harbor these barbaric criminals. Mr. Speaker, Americans have always known that freedom is not free. It often comes with a tremendous cost and it often imposes tremendous responsibilities. Throughout our history, our citizens have always been willing to pay that price. Many have made the ultimate sacrifice of their lives and their fortunes so that all of us will continue to receive the blessings of liberty. My generation and my parent's generation faced Pearl Harbor. Yesterday's terrorist attacks are another day of infamy, a day that will be our children's and grandchildren's Pearl Harbor. Americans have always risen up as a nation and faced every challenge presented to us. Once again, in a moment of crisis, our citizens have gathered in unprecedented numbers to donate blood and offer other forms of support. The heart and spirit of the American people remain indomitable. America is at war with terrorists, but this war is different and will present different challenges. It will be a war without end, one that will require permanent vigilance. The challenge for all of us will be to assure that America remains the land of the free while we take the steps required to prevent this from ever occurring again. I know that, together, we will do whatever we need to do to face down and defeat the new challenges of terrorism. As President Lincoln reminded us at Gettysburg, while the world may not long remember what we say here, we will never forget what occurred here. So it is with yesterday's attacks. We will never forget the sacrifices of all of the victims of terror. We will honor their sacrifices by waging and winning the war against terrorism, holding true to our friends and our commitments, and preserving our way of life. Mr. Speaker, words are inadequate to convey our horror at what occurred. Yet as we intensify our fight against terrorism, deeds are far more important than words. We stand united as a country and as a Congress. We will not rest until every person responsible for these acts is brought to justice. We will hunt down the terrorists and make whatever sacrifices are required to preserve our freedom and liberty. No matter what the price, we will defeat evil. There will be no appeasement. Our cause is just. Our great country will prevail. May God grant his peace to the victims and to all who mourn. God bless America. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Indiana (Mr. Hill). Mr. HILL. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me time. Mr. Speaker, we often see ourselves as Democrats and Republicans, Methodists or Presbyterians, black or white, Gentiles, Jews or Muslims, before we see ourselves as Americans. But today we are Americans first. We need to look no further than yesterday for evidence of this. Men and women, young and old, risking their lives, giving their lives, to come to the aid of those in need. As a Nation, we pray for those whose lives have been forever changed by these acts, and we give thanks for the blessings which remain: family, liberty, friendship, and home. Now we turn to the task ahead: finding the cowards who did this and making them pay. Then we shall repair our injured cities and restore our sense of security. The enemy has attacked our way of life. They want to make us less trusting, less safe, less free. Less American. They underestimate the resolve of the American people. So let us remain uniquely, proudly, and defiantly American. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from California (Mr. Calvert). Mr. CALVERT. Mr. Speaker, I will leave it to others to ask why. Today I rise with my colleagues with firm resolve to send a message to our enemies that engage in terrorism that we are at war. America and her people will stand together today, as we have in the past, and defeat our enemies. Here in the great hall of democracy, in the well of the House of Representatives, I personally call for a declaration of war so that we may unleash the full might of our country's resources upon our enemies. We must give our institutions, the FBI, the CIA, the armed services, the full legal authority to act and protect the life and property of the United States of America. We must authorize reprisals against our enemies and those who harbor them. In closing, I say God bless America and God bless our President during these times. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield such time as he may consume to the gentleman from Maine (Mr. Baldacci). Mr. BALDACCI. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the resolution, for the tens of thousands of people who have mobilized to search for the victims and care for the injured and all the people around the country that are doing all they can. Mr. Speaker, I am outraged and saddened by the heinous atrocity that was committed against our nation yesterday. My thoughts and prayers are first and foremost with the victims and their families. We have not yet begun to comprehend just how many people were murdered, injured and affected by this attack. I am also praying for all who are involved in the rescue efforts that continue. Tens of thousands have mobilized to search for victims and care for the injured. Maine medical professionals have contacted me to find out how they can help. I know that people around the country are doing all they can to contribute to this effort. Once the victims are fully accounted for, I expect there will be few of us who will not know someone who was killed or injured or someone who knew a person who was killed or injured. This is truly a national tragedy. I spoke this morning with a Maine man whose brother, a New York City firefighter, has been killed. I know that there are many others in Maine who are grieving or awaiting news. We as a nation, working with our allies, will expend all necessary resources to identify who is responsible for this attack, and take action to ensure that they are swiftly and severely punished. We will identify states that have harbored and supported terrorists, and ensure that they are swiftly and severely punished. This was an act of war, and we will respond as such. As a nation, we must begin the process of rebuilding. The rescue and clean-up efforts will continue for some time. New security precautions must be taken at our airports and other locations. Lives and buildings must be rebuilt. We must also begin to heal our national sense of safety which has been badly shaken. We will not allow terrorists to send us cowering, but we recognize that we will never again feel the same as we did before this unspeakable horror. My staff and I are back at work, and stand ready to assist any Mainer who is in need of help. We will be giving blood and doing all we can to contribute in a meaningful way to the rescue and rebuilding that are underway. As a Member of Congress, I will be working to provide the resources necessary to rebuild our nation, to enhance our counter- terrorism efforts, and to ensure the safety of the American people. Although the scourge of terrorism is not new, the scope and destructiveness of the attacks yesterday were unprecedented in American History. We have been forced to acknowledge that the possibility of massive attacks on US soil is painfully real. Yesterday America was gravely wounded, but we will heal and grow stronger. Americans will rise to the occasion and fight this scourge just as we have risen to defeat past threats to civilization and democracy. Yesterday's actions were not mere acts of terrorism and not mere crimes. Rather they were savage acts of war on the American Nation which must be met with a proportional military response. Again, my thoughts and prayers are with all who have been affected by this tragedy. Let those who are responsible know clearly: this will not stand. May God bless America. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from New York (Mr. Israel). Mr. ISRAEL. Mr. Speaker, yesterday many of the people of my district in New York were struck by tragedy. We lost family and friends, firefighters and police, loved ones and heroes. One of those heroes is Ray Downey of Deer Park, the New York City Fire Department's Chief of Special Operations Command. Ray responded to the attack on the World Trade Center and is still missing. His family still has hope, but they need our prayers. For all of our families, we offer prayers. For Mayor Giuliani and Governor Pataki we offer thanks. And for the cowards who committed this crime, we submit our resolve. [[Page 16784]] Today is a day of mourning, a day of outrage. But it is also a day when we all come together. In this hallowed Congress, which we thought might be under attack just yesterday, we stand proudly today. Our nation has seen bloodshed, but we are not bowed. We have seen disaster, but not defeat. Our American democracy, built by Washington, Jefferson, Madison, and Lincoln will not be weakened by cowardly terrorists. Today the world sees the true greatness of America in the people giving blood, in the emergency workers clearing the rubble and saving lives, in the clergy fostering faith. And at the right time, at the right place, these terrorists will see the true strength of America as well. Mr. Speaker, many of my colleagues have quoted a great President, Frank Delano Roosevelt, who stood in this place summoning our nation into a great crusade. I would like to share other words that he used in that same speech on that same day of infamy. He said, ``With confidence in our Armed Forces, with unbounding determination of our people, we will gain the inevitable triumph, so help us God.'' The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Sweeney). The Chair wishes to inform the Members that the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Smith) has 18 minutes remaining and the gentleman from California (Mr. Lantos) has 3 minutes remaining. Authorizing The Clerk to Make Corrections in Engrossment of H.J. Res. 61 Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that the Clerk be authorized to make technical corrections in the engrossment of H.J. Res. 61, to include corrections in grammar, punctuation, and capitalization, and to make other such technical and conforming changes as may be necessary to comply with the order of the House. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from New Jersey? There was no objection. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. LoBiondo), the distinguished chairman of the Subcommittee on Coast Guard and Maritime Transportation of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Mr. LoBIONDO. Mr. Speaker, I rise with so many of my colleagues today in strong support of this House Resolution to condemn the terrorist attacks on America. I want to extend my deepest sympathies to the thousands of Americans who lost friends and family during yesterday's terrorist attacks. We grieve today for our nation's loss, but we will never lose America's resolve to remain a beacon of justice and freedom in a world where these values are under constant threat. These attacks claimed victims from all across the Nation and killed many from my State of New Jersey. One victim was Victor Saracini, a United Airlines pilot and native of Atlantic City, New Jersey, who died when his hijacked plane hit the World Trade Center. Victor is remembered by his family and friends from South Jersey as a brave man who would have never submitted to the will of the hijackers, and I am sure he did everything possible to protect the passengers and the plane and to thwart the hijackers. I extend my deepest sympathies to his family, to his wife and to their two young daughters. There are, sadly, too many other names of victims that will come out in the days to come and will touch people in every corner of the Nation. I know that Congress joins with me today to mourn their loss and to send our condolences to their families. Even under these horrible circumstances, heroes arose. I want to commend the emergency personnel from New York and Washington D.C., who immediately mobilized to lend aid and assistance to the people of New York City and to those working in the Pentagon. I would also like to praise the local residents of southern New Jersey who, after hearing of the attacks, left their homes and workplaces and joined the emergency service personnel who traveled north to assist those in New York who needed the help. Finally, I would like to recognize the stalwart efforts of the Coast Guard personnel who have deployed up and down the East Coast to provide security for our bridges, tunnels, and ports and to render assistance in the finest tradition of the Coast Guard service. Mr. Speaker, terrorism has attacked America and declared war on our nation. We must now act to punish both the terrorists who planned and carried out these dastardly acts, as well as those organizations and states who harbor and encourage this. I urge all of my colleagues to strongly support this resolution. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that during consideration of H.J. Res. 61, pursuant to the order of the House of earlier today, debate on the joint resolution be extended 2 hours, equally divided and controlled by the chairman and ranking minority member of the Committee on International Relations. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from New Jersey? There was no objection. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 4 minutes to the distinguished gentlewoman from New York (Mrs. Lowey), 2 minutes for herself and 2 minutes to give her an opportunity to read the statement of our colleague, the gentleman from New York (Mr. Nadler). Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Speaker, I stand here today full of anger and outrage, heartbreak and hope. We are not Democrats or Republicans. We are Americans, united in our resolve and determination. Yesterday's terrorism was not just directed against national landmarks and individual Americans. These terrorist attacks were directed at the very idea of America itself. Our response to this attack tests the strength of our international alliances, the integrity of our friendships, and the endurance of all nations in the struggle to build a world in which peace and freedom are the highest ideals. We have a tremendous opportunity and an awesome responsibility to redouble our efforts to purge the evil of terrorism from our global community. Our allies are mourning with us and offering their prayers. But we must have their unqualified support and cooperation in this battle. Let me make the ground rules absolutely clear: no country that harbors terrorists or sponsors terrorism will benefit from our defense, our commerce, and our aid. No one who teaches children hatred instead of games will find comfort from us. No more glorifying violence. No more praise for martyrdom. Those who rejoice in our tragedy must be exiled from the community of nations. And we must demand the help of our friends in the world community in this crucial effort. My colleagues, like so many yesterday, I watched the TV in horror. My children called to share their shock and to tell of a friend whose husband, trapped on a high floor in one of the Towers, called only to say good-bye to the wife he knew he would never see again. All around him, his colleagues were on the phone to their loved ones for the last time. We hear these stories over and over again. To all those who have lost so much, we want you to know that our hearts and prayers are with you, that all of America stands with you. For the man who called to tell his wife just one last time that he loved her, for the hundreds of brave officers, firefighters, and rescue workers who sacrificed their lives so that others might live, for all, we will find those responsible; and we will bring them to justice. There will be no safe harbor for those who would visit such enormous devastation on our citizens. Our Mayor, our Governor and our neighbors faced catastrophe with calm and humanity. We are very proud of them. Americans should stand with our President. We will face this tragedy together. We will comfort and support each other, and we will prevail. Friends, our people and our landmarks have been attacked, but the essence of America is indestructible. Our [[Page 16785]] core principles, justice, liberty, and democracy, will remain forever unscathed. Let us say a prayer for our country and our people. Mr. Speaker, my good colleague, the gentleman from New York (Mr. Nadler), is in New York. It is in his district where this catastrophe occurred. He asked me to read his statement. ``Today, I am at home with my fellow New Yorkers in this terrible, dark hour, but did not want this tragedy to pass without expressing my words on this floor of the longest and greatest democracy in the world. ``Like all Americans, I watched with a heavy heart the details of this attack and its aftermath emerge on the news. And like so many people, I still wait to hear word of friends and colleagues that were in the lower Manhattan area yesterday and pray for a miracle. The feelings I have of great sorrow, disbelief, and anger towards those responsible are feelings that I hope and pray I will never have cause to feel again in my life. ``My thoughts and prayers go out to the victims and their families who suffered needlessly at the hands of cowardly terrorists, to those police and firefighters who died, and who are risking their lives as this very House meets. I offer my sincerest gratitude to the many heroes who emerged yesterday, as well. ``Unfortunately, we all too often forget the great sacrifice that the men and women of New York's finest and bravest make every day, until tragedy hits. After yesterday, with 300 or more firefighters and police feared dead, I do not believe we will ever forget how they lay their lives on the line every single day so that they may save ours. {time} 1815 Just as they stand up for us, we must now stand up for them. Therefore,'' and this is the gentleman from New York (Mr. Nadler) speaking now, ``I will introduce legislation today which will allow for an expedited benefit payment process to the families of those police officers and firefighters who died in the line of duty yesterday in New York and at the Pentagon. ``I have spoken with the White House; which has assured me that whatever Federal assistance New York needs, it will get. I have been in constant contact with FEMA, which wanted me to stress just how important the need for blood is during this crisis. I urge all those who are able to donate blood, to call the Red Cross hotlines, at 1-800- HELP NOW. If anyone has any information on either of yesterday's attacks, contact the FBI at 1-866-483-5137. ``Mr. Speaker, all New Yorkers understand and feel empathy for those who lost loved ones on hijacked flights. New Yorkers, and indeed all Americans, will remember those victims at the Pentagon, for putting their lives at risk and paying the ultimate price, so that we can live our lives in freedom. ``In the end, that is what this comes down to--our freedom. To the majority of the world, our Nation stands as a beacon of hope. To those who want to crush freedom, to have people live in fear, our Nation stands as a rebuke as well as a threat. ``However, what those enemies of freedom fail to understand is that no amount of physical damaged can kill the ideals for which this Nation stands. Just as Pearl Harbor roused the sleeping giant to crush those who attacked it, this Nation must crush those who have declared war on us now. ``Let there be no mistake: We are at war, and have been for some time. We must make it clear, we will find those terrorists responsible for yesterdays attacks and punish them. That we will find, and punish, all those who seek to murder innocent people through terrorism. To those nations harboring and protecting terrorists, all the while pretending to be America's friend, you are no friend of ours. If you encourage hatred of the United States, and proclaim these attacks some sort of heroic act, you are no friend of ours. If you pay tribute to terrorists, you are no friend of ours. If you do not fully cooperate with our efforts to find terrorists and bring them to justice, you are not friend of ours. ``Today, we stand united, to mourn our losses, but determined to show the resolve upon which our Nation has always prided itself, as we rebuild. We will show the strength that can only be found in a free people. In the words of Lincoln, today, `we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain, that this Nation under God shall have a new birth of freedom, and that government of the people, by the people, for the people shall not perish from the earth.' '' Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Florida (Mr. Diaz-Balart), a member of the Committee on Rules. Mr. DIAZ-BALART. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time. Yesterday, terrorists attempted to spread fear throughout this great land as they murdered innocent men, women and children. These cowards, in effect, declared war on the United States; and we will fight back. America is the light of freedom and opportunity around the world. Those cowards attempted to extinguish that light from the world, but we will never allow it to be dampened. The American people will now demonstrate their resilience. America will show the world that in the face of tragedy it becomes stronger, and the American people become more united. As the sun rose this morning, the light of American freedom burns stronger. Americans from all walks of life have come together in pursuit of the common mission supporting all necessary action to end the scourge of terrorism. Americans continue to search for survivors and comfort those who suffer. Our prayers go out to the victims, their families and the valiant rescue efforts. The American people, Mr. Speaker, are a peaceful people. Americans do not seek to conquer other peoples or commit violence against others; but because of America's power and prosperity and freedom, America and Americans are hated and envied by resentful forces of evil in the world. The battle before us will be long and difficult, but the United States has overcome before, and it will do so again. Americans, united together, will send the cowardly terrorists shrieking in fear when they realize the resolve of the American people and the brilliance with which America's light of liberty shines. God bless this great Nation, a beacon of freedom. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Stenholm). Mr. STENHOLM. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of this resolution condemning the terrorist attacks against the United States. Today, we in the House of Representatives feel the need to speak of the unspeakable: yesterday's evil, perpetrated by cowardly forces who cannot muster the courage even to reveal their faces. Evil is difficult to speak about and yet, as yesterday's events remind us, its horror calls forth responses which reveal even greater good, greater strength, greater wisdom than we knew possible. It has been said repeatedly in the past 24 hours that America has been changed forever. There is much truth in that statement. Just as the attack on Pearl Harbor altered the psyche of the American people nearly 60 years ago, we cannot deny the loss of innocence and carefree confidence created by yesterday's heinous deeds. Tragically, the horrendous loss of 2400 American lives in the Pacific may even be exceeded when the final toll is tallied in New York City, Washington, and Pennsylvania. How can we possibly comfort all those who grieve those deaths or thank those who died trying to make our Nation safer and stronger? But those dear losses are not the only changes which have been wrought in our Nation. Contrary to the terrorists' intentions, their acts have also borne a new unity among the American people, a renewed sense of solidarity and commitment to each other. Folks in Michigan waited hours in lines to donate vital blood for victims in New York City. School children in Texas dressed in red, white and blue to support the uniformed troops and civilians killed at the Pentagon in Washington. Here in Congress, we are changed. Each of us, regardless of party label or ideology, has set aside our differences to swear a unified commitment to supporting those most harmed, to relentlessly seeking the perpetrators of this act of war, and to bringing about a swift and just response. Both Democrat and Republican stand solidly behind our President as he leads us in all of those efforts. And around the world, there is also a change--a new understanding of the threat which exists to all civilized democracies. In expressions of support which could not have been imagined a few years ago, former enemies as well as long-time allies across the [[Page 16786]] world have expressed their sympathy and their willingness to stand with the United States in fighting the perpetrators of this horror. Let us not forget, though, that while some things have changed, much remains the same. Our enemies stole American lives thinking that they could steal our American Spirit. They were wrong. Our hearts are indeed broken today but our spirits are not only intact, they are strengthened. Bricks and mortar may have been leveled but the American Spirit stands. The attempt to cut us down has only deepened our devotion to democracy, freedom and justice. The beloved Twenty-Third Psalm asserts, ``Yea, though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death, I will fear no evil.'' These sacred words do not deny the existence of evil or pretend that we can be spared from facing it. But they remind us that we need not fear that evil. Why? Because God is with us, preparing the safe and proper way if we will follow. Our enemies and those who harbor our enemies should understand what they have done. The tragedy which they have caused already is being transformed into unity and that unity will become strength. Perhaps the giant was sleeping. We became too accustomed to choosing convenience over security. We have tilted towards privacy over prudence. We became over-confident in our impenetrable shield. But make no mistake; the giant is now awake. Americans may need to make the sacrifices which a state of war requires but we are committed to making those sacrifices. This is war. It is not a war for territory or possessions but it is a war for democracy and freedom. It is a war for security and peace. It is a war which the united and civilized nations of the world will relentlessly pursue and win. September 11 will live in infamy but it will not die in impotence. Evil may be unspeakable but it will not be victorious. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield such time as he may consume to the gentleman from West Virginia (Mr. Rahall), my friend and colleague. Mr. RAHALL. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of this resolution of the condemnation of this heinous attack on our country. Mr. Speaker. Southern West Virginians know loss. We hope and pray for the victims of these attacks and their families as other Americans have hoped and prayed for us in the past. Our nation's motto is E. Pluribus Unum: Out of many, one. Americans always display this unity best when disaster strikes our fellow citizens. Yesterday's attacks did not kill only Washingtonians and New Yorkers. The victims came from across this country. At least one family in my own District was torn apart. Dr. Paul Ambrose, a talented and public- spirited young physician, was aboard one of the airplanes that the terrorists crashed. The sympathies of all America are with Ken Sharon Ambrose of Huntington, West Virginia, today. We will avenge their loss. America seeks peace, but it is not blind. The people who planned these attacks are out there, and we know that they still pursue their evilness. Their celebrations will be short, because America's resolve is sure. I support the President's vow to punish these murderers and those who give them shelter. As the death toll mounts in the aftermath of the most vicious terrorist attack ever perpetrated on Americans and America, I ask the good Lord to give us the courage, wisdom and conviction to bring those responsible to justice. Certainly, the horror of this attack has been etched into the minds and hearts of all Americans. It is time to mourn the dead. To care for the injured. But it is also time to plan for our future, and to take actions to insure that the lessons of this attack will not be lost. That those who perished will not have done so in vain. America will persevere. We are not weakened by this attack, but rather, will grow stronger. Out of these flames of death, an even stronger American spirit will be born. And the beacon of freedom, of our Democratic institutions, will burn even brighter upon the world. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Reyes), my distinguished colleague. Mr. REYES. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time. Mr. Speaker, yesterday our Nation was attacked by cowards. I, like all of my colleagues, am equally outraged by this attack on the people of the United States. Today, our thoughts and prayers are with the victims and their families. As the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Hastert), the Speaker of the House, said yesterday, we as a Congress and as a government stand united. Mr. Speaker, there is no question that this was an act of war. We must find those responsible and bring them to justice. We must do so swiftly, with the full might and power of the United States. We will find those responsible for these mass murders, and they will be punished. We, likewise, must develop the response that will destroy the very system responsible for this attack on our freedom. The global terrorist organizations that take refuge in some nations across the world must be destroyed, and any nation who protects any terrorist network or who provides shelter or refuge to these terrorist networks are on notice that they will also be subjected to the justice and the might and power of the United States military if they continue to protect those responsible for these mass murders. This attack was intended to bring down the most powerful Nation in the world, to paralyze our government and to weaken our resolve. This has not happened and they have failed. Last night, our President spoke from the Oval Office of the White House, and Secretary of Defense Donald Rumsfeld never actually left the Pentagon while working with some of the rescue crews and consulting with the national security team. Last night, the world saw and heard representatives of the people of this Nation speaking with one voice. Today, we are all here on the floor of the House ready to continue our work. We will not allow cowards to shut us down. No one will ever forget the images that we have all seen in the last 2 days. We must never forget those who lost their lives. My thoughts and prayers are with those rescuers working around the clock to save those trapped in the rubble of the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. The events of Tuesday, September 11, 2001, have changed the face of America forever. I have no doubt that we will respond to this crisis in a very American way . . . we will unite, we will defend our freedoms, we will persevere. In closing let me commend all those first responders that worked so hard and have sacrificed so much, the police, the fire fighters, EMS and medical personnel and our own dedicated, committed and very professional Capitol Police. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from New York (Mr. Reynolds), a member of the Committee on Rules and a deputy whip. Mr. REYNOLDS. Mr. Speaker, no words can adequately express this Nation's sense of loss and outrage over yesterday's vicious, cowardly attack on two of our country's most recognizable landmarks, one of which is in my home State of New York. This was an attack not only on America, but as British Prime Minister Tony Blair remarked, on the free and democratic world. The death toll of innocent Americans will certainly surpass that of Pearl Harbor, and as quickly and as assuredly as America came together to defeat fascism and imperialism at that time, we must quickly and decisively come together to defeat this enemy of a free and democratic world. Many have said that after yesterday, the face of America will be changed forever. That may be true, but what will not change is America's heart, America's character, and America's continued belief in the principles, ideals and values that have made this country the freest, most prosperous Nation the world has ever seen. Like many in this Chamber and across America, I await the names of the dead, the missing, and the injured of friends, in both public service and the private sector, who worked in New York's World Trade Center; and I pray for them and their families, all of the victims and families in New York, the Pentagon, the hijacked aircraft, and for those who have put themselves in harm's way, our police and our firefighters, medical and emergency crews, and countless volunteers, that they will carry out their mission safely and successfully. It is true that we have suffered tremendous loss of life and property at [[Page 16787]] the hands of faceless cowards, but make no mistake. This is not a faceless enemy. The people of this country are united. The full resources of this government, and the courage, spirit and resolve of the American people will be brought to bear to find you in whatever corner of the world that you may hide. You have no safe harbor. We will see that justice is served. God bless America. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield such time as he may consume to the gentleman from New York (Mr. Towns). Mr. TOWNS. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of this resolution, and my prayers go out to the families. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of H.J. Resolution 61, the Joint House-Senate resolution expressing the sense of the Senate and the House of Representatives regarding the attack on the United States. In addition, I would like to offer my thoughts and prayers to the people and families who have lost or are missing loved ones and to all Americans as we mourn this catastrophic attack on the American way of life. Mr. Speaker, our hearts are heavy. Our minds numbed by the terror and senseless tragedy of the attacks that we witnessed in person or in our living rooms in my city and our capital over 36 hours ago. The death toll has not been tallied. We will likely not know how many innocent lives were taken from us for some time. We have seen the iron clad character of my fellow New Yorkers and all emergency services workers who responded to these heinous acts of terror--giving up their own lives in the hopes of saving innocent civilians. In particular, I honor all of the police, fireman and emergency service technicians who continue to work to save lives. We must continue to stand together against this or any other attack on our freedom with untold heroism. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Turner), my distinguished colleague and good friend. Mr. TURNER. Mr. Speaker, yesterday our Nation was a target of the most despicable and cowardly acts of terrorism in our history. We come here today, our hearts heavy, with prayers for healing and comfort for the many victims and their families. The forces of darkness have broken our hearts, but they have not broken our spirit. To the contrary, those who sought to advance their cause by shedding American blood have instead sown the seeds of their own destruction. The citizens of our Nation are a proud and resilient people. For over 200 years, Americans have fought and died to protect freedom and liberty. We now face a new challenge from a faceless enemy who has absolutely no regard for the sanctity of human life. We cannot and we will not tolerate terrorism. We will find those who are responsible, and we must use the full strength of our military power against those forces of evil and those who give them aid and sanction. The spirit of America was best exemplified today by a brave New York firefighter searching through the rubble of the World Trade Center for one more survivor. He uncovered a tattered American flag, and he climbed to the top of the remains of a leaning north spire, raising the flag to express the spirit of patriotism shared by all Americans in this time of national travail. A new chapter in our history was opened yesterday. Its opening pages will forever be emblazoned in our memory, but the strength and character of our people will fill its pages with the same resolve we have shown in the defense of freedom throughout our history. Today we urge all freedom-loving people to join us in our shared commitment to peace and security around the world. May God's grace be with all of those who suffer today, and may God forever bless our great Nation. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from New York (Mr. Walsh), the chairman of the Subcommittee on VA, HUD and Independent Agencies. Mr. WALSH. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from New Jersey for yielding me this time. I rise today in solidarity with the American people and my constituents in central New York to condemn this brutal act of mass murder committed against innocent and good American people. I will never be capable of understanding how anyone could hate so much that they could point a plane full of innocent travelers at a building full of innocent workers for any reason, political, philosophical, religious, or nationalist. Our Nation was injured yesterday, but I believe we will come out of this stronger. It forces us all to dig deep to recall who we are and what we stand for, to look back at the values America was founded upon, and to draw strength from the sacrifices of these most recent martyrs for democracy, and going forward to secure our future by fighting back against this invisible enemy and making decisions to ensure our safety and our freedom. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from California (Mrs. Capps), my dear friend and distinguished colleague. Mrs. CAPPS. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding. Mr. Speaker, in his extraordinary book, ``Night,'' Professor Elie Wiesel observed that when events are unspeakable, it takes some time to find the right words. Yesterday's events are unspeakable. Try as we might, we cannot find the right words to fully express our grief, our sympathy, our pain, our outrage. Words may fail us, but the images of yesterday's attacks are forever indelible on our minds. We will never forget the scenes of planes striking buildings, huge structures tumbling, our fellow Americans lying dead in New York and Pennsylvania and at the Pentagon. These are the images I will not forget, but they are not the ones I seek to remember. Instead, Mr. Speaker, today I dwell not on the images of yesterday's villains, but on its heroes; not on the acts of indescribable evil, but of incredible humanity. Because through yesterday's darkness and horror came the bright light of American courage, the compelling beacon of goodness and strength. We are uplifted by the heroism of firefighters, police, military personnel, and emergency workers who plunged into the carnage and saved many victims. We are inspired by the selfless way that strangers reached out and are reaching out still to open their arms and hearts to fellow citizens. {time} 1830 We are amazed by the long lines that have formed all over the country of people donating their blood. Mr. Speaker, yesterday the terrorists destroyed our buildings and they killed many of our brothers and sisters, but they did not destroy the American spirit. They will never defeat our resolve. They cannot undermine the principles of freedom and democracy that undergird our society. Mr. Speaker, like so many Americans, I have turned to find strength today in scripture. Let me now read from Isaiah, Chapter 40, Verse 31: ``They that wait upon the Lord shall renew their strength. They shall mount up with wings as eagles. They shall run and not be weary. They shall walk and not faint.'' Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Florida (Mr. Shaw), distinguished chairman of the subcommittee. Mr. SHAW. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding time to me. Mr. Speaker, yesterday Americans were reminded in a very vivid and morbid way, and a pitiful way, of the cost of freedom. We were subjected to attack by faceless cowards who believe that our liberty is in some way dangerous. They could not be more wrong. But as we have seen in the past, adversity sometimes brings out the very best in Americans. Ordinary people turn into heroes. Some we will hear about, others we will never know about, but the truth is that there were more acts of heroism yesterday than there were acts of cowardice. We know the bravery of the hundreds of rescue workers, the firefighters, and the policemen who tragically died in New York. We can wonder at the courage of the pilot of the flight that crashed in Pennsylvania. Was this crash an act of self-sacrifice by the pilot, crew, or passengers which [[Page 16788]] prevented a repeat of the tragedies at the Pentagon and the World Trade Center? Was this plane intended to destroy this magnificent Capitol of democracy that we are sitting in today? Do we who labor here owe countless passengers or crew our very lives? We will always be grateful for the efforts of these men and women who lost their lives in the line of duty who will not be going home to their families, and who paid the ultimate price just to help others. We pray for their families and we pray for their loved ones. As a Nation, we will mourn the loss of our neighbors, family members, and friends, and as a Nation, we will avenge their deaths. We will not let this despicable act go unchallenged. Those responsible will pay an awesome price. In many ways, our Nation will forever be changed by these disasters, but they will in no way diminish the spirit of the freest people who have ever walked the face of this Earth, the American people. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to my friend and colleague, the gentlewoman from California (Mrs. Davis). Mrs. DAVIS of California. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding time to me. I rise in strong support of the resolution. My heart goes out to everyone who experienced a loss, and to those still waiting for news about their loved ones. To the families of the 278 heroes, the firefighters and police who are missing and presumed dead, I offer my deepest condolences. I also offer my support and praise to the rescue workers and countless volunteers who are searching, as we speak, for survivors and victims. Like many of my colleagues and many Americans, my first reaction was to assess the safety of my family, especially my son, daughter-in-law, and my grandson Henry, who live in New York City. Though my news was reassuring, hundreds, even thousands of people did not enjoy that same fortune. Yesterday's tragic events tore at the heart of America's fabric, and I believe that every American's life was affected. It is from that very fabric of community that we derive our real strength, not just from our economic energy or from our military might. Mr. Speaker, we are strong and will remain strong. The attacks serve as a stark reminder of the dangers faced by a free country, and especially by those whose lives are devoted to protecting our country, whether at home or abroad. We must never forget the threats that exist. Anger and rage and evil roam the Earth, and at times these forces converge unexpectedly. Yesterday, millions of Americans started their morning routine. Americans went to their places of work. They boarded airplanes, just like every other day. Then these routines were violently interrupted. Yesterday showcased the worst and best of humanity. The precision strikes indicate a foe that cleverly calculated this move against the very heart of our community. Yet, Americans are able to rise above the grief and horror. To my colleagues and to all Americans, I say that now is not a time to abandon our priorities. As we work together to heal, we must continue to look forward and work to ensure a world safe for our children and grandchildren. We need to let our grief and our anger and our outrage work for us, not control us. Let us act with the careful and considered judgment that we as Americans possess. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to the gentleman from California (Mr. Lewis), the chairman of the Subcommittee on Defense of the Committee on Appropriations. Mr. LEWIS of California. Mr. Speaker, I rise today joining my colleagues, Democrats and Republicans alike, in support of this resolution. Mr. Speaker, the American people need to know just how dangerous today's world is. Many have presumed that with the passing of the Soviet Union and the East-West confrontation that peace was at hand. That without these formidable enemies, America no longer had to worry about attacks. Tuesday's tragedy sends a message--loud and clear--that there are those who have no concern for innocent human life. They will kill with malice, with no other goal except to prove they can strike at the world's most powerful symbols of freedom. This was not a political statement or a military attack. It was murder, an act that is abhorred by all nations and faiths. We must do whatever is needed to protect our homeland from such unconscionable criminals. Our nation is in shock and mourning. Americans are too big-hearted to understand why a group of inhuman thugs would bring these attacks on thousands of innocent victims. We will spend this day rallying to support the families of those who perished and the brave rescuers who are desperately trying to find any who might have survived. We will show our resolve that America will rise to this challenge and overcome it to remain the beacon of liberty and optimism. In the days to come, we will dedicate ourselves to finding who planned and executed this despicable act, and prove to them that we will do everything in our power to bring them to justice and ensure it can never happen again. To those who shared the cowardice of the hijackers: We will not rest until justice is served. To those who have harbored these criminals in the past or consider sheltering them in the future: We will hold you accountable and make it clear that it is a terrible mistake to support attacks on America. For the future, all Americans must realize that our world can never be entirely safe, and accept that we must commit the resources necessary to meet the threat of those whose fanaticism blinds themselves to their humanity. I join all of my colleagues in pledging our support for the President in all of his efforts to protect our citizens. I have every confidence that we will work together--that all Americans will work together--to meet this challenge and overcome it. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to my friend and colleague, the gentleman from New York (Mr. Boehlert), chairman of the Committee on Science. (Mr. BOEHLERT asked and was given permission to revise and extend his remarks.) Mr. BOEHLERT. Mr. Speaker, this tragedy was unspeakable, unimaginable, unbearable, unbelievable. Suddenly, we have a sense of being overwhelmed by a reality that had been inconceivable just yesterday morning. All Americans, I think, have reacted with the same mix of emotions: fear, anger, loss, horror; perhaps most of all horror, a horror that keeps creeping back as one tries to return to daily life. But this tragedy has also evoked the best in people as we have united to reassure family and friends and neighbors and even strangers; as Americans have lined up to donate blood; as New Yorkers and Washingtonians and volunteers from across the country have rushed to offer their services and expertise; as police and firefighters and other rescue workers have made the ultimate sacrifice. We are going to need more of that in the days and weeks ahead as the full enormity of this horrific crime hits home, as we figure out how to deal with the future threats in this wholly unfamiliar and unexpected world in which we now find ourselves. But for now, we must concentrate on recovering emotionally and returning to daily life. We must, with clarity, as Lincoln said, bind up the Nation's wounds and care for him who hath borne the battle, and his widow, and his orphan. We must pray that some day we will live to see the biblical prophecy fulfilled, the prophecy that is the antithesis of care: ``Each shall sit under his vine and under his fig tree and none shall be made afraid.'' They can destroy our buildings, but they cannot destroy our spirit. They can bring us to tears; they cannot bring us to our knees. Today, America is united and strong and determined as we stand tall and face the future. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to my distinguished colleague, the gentleman from Oregon (Mr. DeFazio). Mr. DeFAZIO. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding time to me. Mr. Speaker, it is a bit unusual on this floor, which usually reverberates with debate, but I would like to begin by asking for a brief moment of silence for the victims, their families, those still risking their lives to attempt to rescue survivors. [[Page 16789]] Our first responsibility is to the police, fire, and EMTs still risking their lives for rescue and recovery efforts. I have been assured by the administration that all necessary and available resources have been sent to their support. I further understand that all the resources of our combined law enforcement and intelligence agencies, along with those of our allies around the world, have been brought to bear to track down these terrorist mass murderers to their roots. I am confident that the United States of America will be obdurate in exacting justice from those responsible. We each need to do what we can in our own way and for our own part. For my part, I am determined that the improvements in aviation security, which I have advocated for more than a decade, will no longer be turned aside by cost concerns of the airlines. We can afford, and Americans are willing to pay, not only for an improved system of aviation security, but also to assure that our law enforcement, our intelligence agencies, and our military have the resources necessary to respond to this act and credibly deter future acts of mass terrorism against our people. We will be secure within our borders in the United States of America, and we will not cower within our borders, either. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Tennessee (Mr. Wamp), a member of the Committee on Appropriations and a member of the Helsinki Commission. Mr. WAMP. Mr. Speaker, we know that fear is one of the most powerful forces in the world today. Yesterday, the lowest of the low, the dregs of our international community, used fear to carry out inhumane acts on all of humanity. Today, we claim the truth that one force is greater than fear. That is love. Throughout the ages, love has conquered fear over and over again. Our love for our fellow man will overcome fear of these outrageous criminals. Our love of freedom will overcome our fear of tyranny. Our love of country will overcome our fear of terrorism. Our love of God will overcome our fear of Satan himself. Our love of goodness will overcome our fear of evil. Our love of peace will overcome our fear of war. Mr. Speaker, today we stand together, our President, the United States Congress, and 270 million people, mourning those lost, comforting those left behind, praying for our Nation at this dark hour. Yesterday, our House Chaplain, Father Daniel Coughlin, prayed that ``In God we trust,'' our Nation's motto, but that today, may it be our strength. Much of our character has been born from adversity. An even stronger America must rise from the ashes of these fiery crashes so that good does once again triumph over evil. May the peace of God that passeth all understanding be with us now and forevermore. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am very pleased to yield 2 minutes to my dear friend and colleague, the gentlewoman from California (Ms. Pelosi), the distinguished ranking member of our Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence. Ms. PELOSI. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding time to me. Mr. Speaker, yesterday was a day from hell, a day when terrorists who do not value human life engaged in a demonic act which has touched everyone in America; indeed, in the world. Today, over and over again, in contrast, we hear our colleagues express the exhortation ``God bless America.'' And indeed, in the spirit of the American people, God has blessed America. God blessed us with the courage of the public safety workers, including hundreds of firemen who plunged into a burning, crumbling building to help people escape, risking their own lives; indeed, sacrificing them. God blessed America with the compassion of the American people across our country, giving blood and offering to help in so many ways. God blessed America with the determination of our public servants in this building, our Capitol Police, the military, and so many others who are helping this government go forth, foiling, foiling the plot of these terrorists who want to create panic in our country and stop our government. The magnificent city of New York, which has led our country in so many ways, will rise from the ashes like the great Phoenix and will be stronger than ever. People across the country all have a special fondness for New York. It is the center of commerce and the arts, and its beautiful and magnificent diversity is a source of strength to our great country. The energy of New York will not be deterred. That will be our message: New York rising from the Phoenix, leading the recovery of our entire country from this terrible tragedy. That is the message to the cruel, cowardly terrorists: God has blessed America. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Pitts), a member of the Committee on International Relations. {time} 1845 Mr. PITTS. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of H.J. Res. 61. Terrorists have declared war on America. What happened yesterday was not merely a crime, it was an act of war. It was a massive attack by a foreign power, a terrorist organization on American soil. We are used to calling terrorist attacks the senseless acts of cowards. But this was a sophisticated, calculated and coordinated attack by deadly savages; trained terrorists. The perpetrators knew precisely what they were doing, why they were doing it, and how to do it. At Pearl Harbor, over 2,000 Americans were killed in the attack. Many more than that died on Tuesday. Innocent victims perished for no other reason than that they were Americans. We did not ask for this war. America has worked tirelessly for world peace since its founding; peace in Middle East, in Europe, in Africa, in Asia, and in Latin America. But America stands for more than just peace. America stands for freedom and democracy. We have proved to the world that freedom and democracy work. But many haters of freedom remain in the world. Those who continue to espouse ideologies like radical Islam and Stalinism despise freedom because they do not like to be challenged. They cannot stand the light of day, and so they kill. And we are their target because America is the preeminent champion of freedom. They believe because we are free we are also weak. But they are wrong. We will find out who the terrorists are. We must seek them out and punish them severely. This is no time for a measured response. This is a time, without apology, to bring the full measure of military force to bear on these terrorist organizations. As thousands of bodies are pulled from the rubble in New York and Virginia, we are watching more than a tragedy; we are witnesses to a turning point in American policy. No longer will we coddle terrorists and seek merely to bring them into courtrooms. Instead, we will treat them as the military enemies they are. We will seek justice of the kind seen in war. On Tuesday, terrorists declared war on America. It is a war they will lose. America will make sure of it. Freedom will prevail. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Rothman). Mr. ROTHMAN. Mr. Speaker, today all Americans must pray with one voice; pray for those innocents killed in yesterday's cowardly attacks, for those families torn asunder by this evil, for those rescuers, police, fire, and health workers putting their lives at risk. Let us all raise our voices today in one American prayer, then we will bury our dead and we will care for our injured and all those affected by this tragedy. We will pick up the pieces as one great nation, and together we will have our justice with a sure and mighty sword. To the terrorists who conspired in this horrific crime and to those who harbor those terrorists, know this: you are America's mortal enemies. America is the strongest country in the [[Page 16790]] world. We have the will, the resources, and the power; and we will defeat you. We will hunt you down like the evil murderers that you are. In doing so, we will be demanding the assistance of every government in the world. Those who help us, they will be our friends. Those who do not help us, we will consider our enemies. With one voice, America says to the cowardly terrorists and their supporters, we Americans are still here. You have not stopped America. You have not stopped freedom. You have not stopped what a great people have spent 225 years building, the light of hope and humanity and liberty for all the people of the world, the United States of America. Those who came before us had to fight and die for their Nation and her freedoms; from Lexington and Concord to Gettysburg, from the Alamo to Omaha Beach, from the World Trade Center to the Pentagon. Now, today, it is up to us, this generation of the greatest nation on Earth, to be ready to answer the call for freedom. We are ready to answer that call. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from Florida (Mr. Young), the distinguished chairman of the full Committee on Appropriations. Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time, and I want to compliment him and the ranking member and the chairman of the committee for having introduced this resolution. It is important that the Congress, the House, the Senate, the President of the United States speak in one solid voice that we will not now or ever tolerate the type of terrorist activities that we saw brought upon our shores yesterday. Today, I have had numerous visits with those dealing with this tragedy. One of the visits I made today was to the Pentagon. I visited there last night. The Pentagon was still burning, and there are still some electrical fires today in the Pentagon. But standing there in the rubble and recognizing what happened there, recognizing how many bodies were still entombed somewhere in that building, I might tell my colleagues that it causes a great emotional effect on this Member, and I think anyone there. I would like to say that the firefighters, the rescue people who are out there, the Red Cross, just everybody involved have done a magnificent job in trying to deal with this terrible, terrible tragedy. It is going to be fairly expensive to rebuild that section of the Pentagon that is going to have to be rebuilt, and Congress has to realize that. As I listened today to all of our Members, Member after Member standing here in the well condemning terrorism and standing strong for our country, because our country was attacked, this Congress to a man and to a woman, Republican and Democrat, have made a declaration that we are not going to allow this to go by without some immediate reaction from us. The President has asked for some funding to deal with the immediate issues, the immediate damages that have been done here at our Pentagon and in New York, where the terrible tragedy was unbelievable. And I would announce to the Members that, after having worked with the President's budget office today, the President's office, and with the appropriation leaders of the House and the Senate in both parties, tomorrow I will introduce a supplemental appropriations bill that would give the President authority to move strongly, quickly, and swiftly. To not only begin to rebuild and recover from the damages that have been done to our people, our friends and our neighbors, but also to give him additional funding for airport security, which obviously was violated by these hijackers being able to take over four of our major airline aircraft. He would have additional funds for counterterrorism activities, and he would have the money to add additional assets to hunt down, to search out, to find, to discover and to punish those who were responsible for this dastardly act. It is my intention, Mr. Speaker, that on tomorrow morning we will introduce this bill, and I believe that we will be able to actually consider it on the floor tomorrow before we adjourn for the day. I would hope that, and as I listen to the Members who are speaking out so strongly today, that we will again speak out strongly as we pass this resolution to guarantee the world that we as the Congress, the President, all of our people, are together in this determination; that we are not going to take this sitting down, and we are going to protect our country and our people from terrorists acts. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from South Carolina (Mr. Spratt), the ranking member of our Committee on the Budget. Mr. SPRATT. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time. Yesterday, Mr. Speaker, was a dark day in the history of our country. Today, we are bloodied but not bowed. We are a country united. Here in Congress we are neither Democrats nor Republicans, we are Americans, and we have closed ranks behind our President. We come here in this hallowed hall of democracy to express the grief and profound sympathy of the whole country for the victims of yesterday's heinous attacks and their families, and we come together resolved to see that their loss will be avenged and never repeated. These attacks were not just vicious crimes committed against innocent people. As many have already said, they were acts of war against the United States of America, and we must respond accordingly. We should spare no effort in tracking down these culprits and their cohorts, wherever they take haven, and striking back swiftly and severely; so severely that even fanatics like these see that there is no gain from such violence, not when it is committed against the United States of America. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Virginia (Mr. Goodlatte), a member of the Committees on Agriculture; Education and the Workforce; and Judiciary. Mr. GOODLATTE. Mr. Speaker, as we adopt this resolution today condemning the attacks against the United States, words cannot adequately express the sorrow and anger we feel at this trying time. Our hearts grieve for the families of those who have been lost to these acts of terrorism, but the depth of that grief is difficult to fully comprehend. The sight of thousands of people spontaneously gathering at places of worship yesterday gives us just a glimpse of the compassion in the hearts of the folks around the country. But beneath that compassion burns a white hot anger. It burns with a fury that begs to be unleashed on the perpetrators of this act of war. Because we must make no mistake about it, September 11, 2001, was the clarion call to arms in a new war against terrorism. It will be unlike any war America has ever fought. The enemy is nameless, faceless, and operates without borders. We use words like barbaric and cowardly to describe this enemy, but we must also recognize that this evil operates with cunning and sophistication. They have the advantage of stealth, and we must recognize that this enemy will continue their efforts until they understand that America will never, ever cease to be a beacon of hope and freedom to the world. To those responsible for these acts of evil committed yesterday, look closely at the American faces you see on the screen. Look at the firefighters and police who risked and gave their lives yesterday. Look at the faces of the medical personnel who work through the danger and exhaustion to save lives. Look at the faces of the many Americans who are waiting in line for hours to give blood or donate their time and energies to defeating you. And look at the faces here in this House, united in our resolve. We are defenders of a Nation built on principles that can never be destroyed and never be extinguished. We will find you. We will defeat you. And at that point, you will know [[Page 16791]] America's dedication to ensuring that freedom and democracy will ultimately prevail over evil and terror. God bless America. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to the gentleman from Florida (Mr. Boyd). Mr. BOYD. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of H.J.Res. 61. Mr. Speaker, yesterday, our great Nation suffered its greatest tragedy of a single day since the Civil War. I join all other Americans who are shocked and outraged by the terrorist hijackings and attacks on the World Trade Center and on the Pentagon. With this attack, the United States has entered a new era. We have been thrust into a new type of conflict and face an implacable enemy who will not hesitate to destroy innocent life. CIA Director George Tenet has said in testimony before Congress that terrorist attacks are imminent. It is impossible to predict with certainty where or when terrorists might strike again. But this incomprehensible tragedy is a terrible reminder that we must take the threat of terrorism seriously. Let there be no mistake--the U.S. Government will investigate, pursue, and seek convictions of the criminals who were behind this cowardly attack. These terrorist attacks were truly acts of war, and we will respond forcefully and appropriately. The United States will take action against the terrorists and punish the governments that support and harbor such criminals. We must pull together as a country to grieve for all those we have lost, to care for all those who were injured and support all those families who have been affected by this tragedy. We must pull together as one people to protect our nation and our way of life. America must lead the civilized world in a relentless campaign to root out and defeat terrorists and terrorist states. As we mourn the tragic loss of life, the United States must remain resolute. Our friends and our enemies alike must be made to understand that we will not be deterred from the defense of our interests nor shrink from our responsibilities. This tragedy calls for the certain and severe punishment of those responsible and requires a commitment by Americans to address our vulnerabilities. We must understand that the struggle now upon us may be long and difficult. Yet, America has always prevailed against her enemies and will do so again. Those of us who have the honor of serving our Nation in these hallowed halls of Congress have a very difficult job to carry out. We must always maintain the magnificence of our Constitution while moving forward with the legislative challenge of balancing the need for additional security versus our God given rights and the rule of law. I believe that our Government has never before been faced with a larger challenge than the preservation of the ideals of this Nation, while still addressing the future. But that is not enough. We must resolve to fight back against these insane acts by committing the country's full resources in an aggressive effort to determine who is responsible, to see that justice is done, and to do everything possible to deter such acts in the future. As former Navy Secretary Richard Danzig pointed out, our memory is long and our reach is longer. I extend my deepest sympathies to the families of the victims, while expressing my gratitude to all of the emergency and law enforcement personnel and other volunteers, many of whom have lost their lives to help with our emergency response efforts. I urge my colleagues strong support of this important resolution. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Florida (Mr. Hastings). Mr. HASTINGS of Florida. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time. Mr. Speaker, Stewart Meltzer, the nephew of Harvey Meltzer, died at the World Trade Center yesterday. When Harvey called me, as is the case with so many of us here with our constituents, I was stunned and had little that I could say to him. America changed yesterday, and it is changed for all time to come. My overwhelming sense of horror, grief and, yes, vulnerability cannot adequately be put into words. Obviously, my thoughts and fervent prayers are with the friends and families that have been touched most personally by these cowardly, cunning attacks. {time} 1900 Like many Members, I have constituents, as I have said, who lost loved ones yesterday. My heart aches for them. My heart aches not only for them but for all America today. We were all victims yesterday. But we stand here today to say to the citizens of our Nation and the world at large, America is taller than the World Trade Center, bigger than the Pentagon, and mightier than any destructive device. America is an idea. This idea will never be extinguished by despicable acts of terrorism. Indeed, the resolve of every American to recommit ourselves to our ideals will be strengthened forever. This is the spirit of America, today, tomorrow and in perpetuity. Today, we say to the rest of the world, though the color of our skin and the religions that we preach may differ, Americans throughout this great country stand united as one against anything that seeks to destroy the liberty and freedom we enjoy. When American liberty and freedom is threatened, we do not recoil but we rise up. Make no mistake, the United States will not stand for these types of attacks on our soil or in other lands. This is our history, and it is our destiny. Mr. Speaker, it has been said before but bears repeating today, freedom is not free. Yes, the cost of our freedom can be steep. In the land of the free and the home of the brave, the pulse of America can be felt everywhere we go. It can be felt in the streets of New York where thousands of firefighters, police officers, doctors, paramedics, and volunteers are working to save the lives of those who have survived and recover the bodies of those who have perished. It can be felt right here in Washington where the government of this great land continues to work in this darkest of hours. It can be felt in the towns and cities throughout the country where Americans refuse to stop living their lives in the wake of yesterday's terror. Mr. Speaker, as I mentioned earlier, mere words are not enough to convey my feelings or the feelings of my colleagues today. However, like Abraham Lincoln said at Gettysburg, ``The United States will guarantee today that those who died yesterday will not have died in vain.'' Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Indiana (Mr. Buyer), a decorated Persian Gulf War veteran and chairman of the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations of the Committee on Veterans' Affairs. Mr. BUYER. Mr. Speaker, the dynamic of our Nation has been reshaped by the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001. This tragedy not only destroyed the lives of thousands of innocent American civilians but also violated each and every American's sense of safety and security. No longer can we deny the fact that there are people in this world who seek to violate our cherished ideals of liberty, wise tolerance and an enduring peace. But those that live under the security of this Republic are resilient. From the sorrow, confusion and fear will come resolve, focus and confidence. We are coming together in service, prayer and dedication to those in need and we will persevere. To those who committed this horrific and cowardly attack, your attack on America and freedom itself has failed. With the full force of the United States we will find those responsible. They will be punished severely. Nation-supported and subnational terrorism activities constitute an asymmetrical threat upon our Nation's security. These terrorists groups are not subject to the traditional calculus of deterrence. We are now at war with terrorism. We must strike these vipers before they strike again. We must also make a renewed commitment similar to our investments and policies which worked to defeat communism. We must work to strengthen our national security system by modernizing and sustaining the U.S. intelligence community so its capabilities and performance will be able to cope with the demands and challenges of international and domestic counter-terrorism. In our emptiness and in our grief and fear, we must turn to our faith in God and the faith of this great Nation. We [[Page 16792]] will show the world that our ideals will not be compromised by those who believe they can scare us into submission. I truly believe that goodness will prevail. God bless America. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Minnesota (Mr. Oberstar), the distinguished ranking member of the Committee on Transportation. Mr. OBERSTAR. Mr. Speaker, all of us in this body together with our constituents are attempting to comprehend and give voice to yesterday's cowardly, merciless, and vicious act of terrorism against America and against humanity. Both anger and prayer welled up in all of us, as the Duluth News Tribune headline put so succinctly. Pastor Randy Williamson opened the doors of First Assembly of God Church in Hibbing to a steady stream of his congregation. Most of them, he said, feel it is a wake-up call for our country. It reminds us that life is fragile and that we are not invincible. I think they are praying that God would have mercy on us as a country and that our leaders have wisdom and courage and that they would think through the situation and not just act on impulse. Mr. Speaker, beyond the anger and the prayer lie some deeper thoughts about aviation security. On December 21, 1988, the world of aviation security was changed forever as a terrorist bomb tore apart Pan-Am Flight 103 killing all 259 passengers and crew and 11 residents of the small town of Lockerbie, Scotland. That terrorist act propelled the families of those victims on a tireless mission, to prevent such future tragedies culminating in the creation of the President's Commission on Aviation Security and Terrorism, which I authored and on which I served. History, astonishingly, repeated itself with yesterday's tragic events. Once again, aviation security was changed forever. We are again challenged to reevaluate the state of security for domestic and international commercial air service. As we set about the task, I urge caution in making snap decisions on drastic changes to the aviation security laws before we have had the opportunity to fully assess what went wrong both in the aviation and intelligence communities. Mr. Speaker, the following is information on aviation security: Over the last ten years, we have made great strides in enhancing aviation security. In the Commission's 1990 Report, we found the nation's civilian aviation security system to be seriously flawed, and made 64 recommendations to correct those flaws, which culminated in the passage of the Aviation Security Improvement Act of 1990. Six years later, spurred by initial concerns that a terrorist act was responsible for the TWA 800 explosion, President Clinton organized another commission, the 1996 White House Commission on Aviation Safety and Security, which made 31 recommendations for enhancing aviation security. Again, Congress acted swiftly and, in the 1996 FAA Reauthorization Act, included measures to intensify security. The universe to be protected is enormous and growing--666 million passenger enplanements annually, expected to grow to over 1 billion by 2010, with several hundred million pieces of luggage to screen. Likewise, the magnitude of the threat is growing and changing. Between 1961 and 1972, there were over 134 domestic hijackings. In 1972, in response to this rash of hijackings, FAA ordered metal detector searches of passengers and x-rays of carry on bags. In 1974, the Congress imposed these requirements legislatively with the passage of the Anti-Hijacking Act of 1974. As we installed metal detectors to find guns, the threat changed to bombs aboard aircraft. Following Pan Am 103, and based on the Commission's recommendations, significant steps have been taken to invest and deploy new techniques and equipment to detect items that pose an aviation security threat. Since the passage of the 1996 FAA Reauthorization Act, Congress has provided more than $350 million for deployment of security equipment, and over $250 million in research funds. To date, the FAA has installed 92 FAA-certified explosives detection machines at 35 airports, 553 explosives trace detection devices at 84 U.S. and foreign airports, and 18 advanced technology bulk explosives detection x-ray machines at 8 airports. In addition, FAA has deployed 38 computer-based training device platforms at 37 airports. The airlines have also invested heavily in security equipment. We have made great strides in aviation security. However, I have long expressed my concern about reports that, although the FAA is deploying this much needed equipment, there is no long-term strategy for integrating that equipment into a seamless security system. It is also of paramount importance to maintain passenger-screening checkpoints and ensure that the screeners who operate them are qualified. Millions of passengers and pieces of baggage pass through our airports each day. However, high turnover, low wages, and lack of adequate training hinder security screener performance. Both the General Accounting Office and the Office of Inspector General have uniformly described security screener performance as the ``weak link'' in aviation system. I believe that the FAA and the airlines share the responsibility to ensure optimal performance of security screeners. We have also received reports from the Office of Inspector General regarding the ineffectiveness of FAA's background investigative procedures, and the vulnerabilities in airport access control. Congress responded to these concerns on two fronts: The Wendell H. Ford Aviation Investment and Reform Act (AIR 21), P.L. 106-181, authorized $5 million annually for the DOT to carry out at least one project to test and evaluate innovative aviation security systems. The bill also authorizes such sums as may be necessary to develop and improve security screener training programs; and such sums as are necessary to hire additional inspectors to enhance air cargo security programs. Last year, Congress passed the Airport Security Improvement Act, P.L. 106-528, which requires criminal history record checks for those individuals who apply for a security sensitive position as a screener or a screener supervisor and adds several crimes to the list of crimes that would disqualify an individual from holding such a position. In addition, the law requires the expansion of FAA's electronic fingerprint transmission pilot project into an aviation-industry-wide program to allow for quick turnaround on criminal background checks, and includes provisions to strengthen access control requirements. The FAA must take a holistic view toward its security responsibilities to ensure that all areas of vulnerability are addressed. However, the airlines and airports also share in that responsibility--and they should not put costs above passenger safety. We must also be more aggressive in our intelligence gathering, evaluation, and dissemination. This is the most challenging aspect of our aviation security network. It is difficult to penetrate these highly secretive organizations that operate on a war-like footing. Counter-terrorism also requires renewed higher-level coordination through Interpol, with our allies, and with other nations like Russia and China, as the PanAm 103 commission recommended eleven years ago. The skills of terrorists have stepped up several levels since the Commission's 1990 report. We must ensure that our counter-intelligence rises to meet that threat. With the appropriate counter-intelligence efforts and security implemented to the fullest extent, our citizens can forever enjoy the freedom of travel that this great nation provides to the envy of the rest of us world. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentlewoman from Illinois (Mrs. Biggert). Mrs. BIGGERT. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in strong support of House Joint Resolution 61. Like most Americans, the very first thing I did as the tragedy unfolded was to call my family to ensure that everyone was safe, and to assure them that I was safe. My heart and my prayers go out to all those families who did not get that reassuring phone call they hoped for. Today will be the hardest day for them as shock melts to grief, and grief makes way for the anger that is sure to come. Today is the hardest day for us as a Nation. As we stated in this resolution, this day stands as a national day of unity and mourning. It is not a day for anger; it is a day of resolve: cold, calculated, patient and unemotional and universal resolve. In passing this resolution today, what we as a body say to Americans, to the world community, and to those who perpetrated or aided these crimes is simple: never forget and never again. Never will we forget the terror and tragedy of this day. Just as our children and grandchildren ask, Where [[Page 16793]] were you when Pearl Harbor was bombed by Japan or when President Kennedy was shot by Oswald, so too will they ask where were we when America was attacked by the stealth enemy of cowardice and terror, now vanquished. Never again will Americans face the horror and the loss that we feel today. Never will we be lulled into a false sense of complacency that the world is safe or that national security can ever take a back seat to other more popular priorities. Cynics say this is a resolution that is nonbinding, that it holds not the weight of law nor the power of resources. Cynics are wrong. Mr. Speaker, there is no more important statement this body has made or will make that holds the strength and meaning of our vote today. This measure is more than an expression of support for our people, our values, our President. This measure codifies our commitment and unites us in our pledge: never forget, never again. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from California (Ms. Eshoo), my good neighbor, dear friend and distinguished colleague. Ms. ESHOO. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from California (Mr. Lantos) for yielding me this time. Mr. Speaker, we have all come onto the floor of the distinguished House and looked at whomever is in the chair, and then raised our eyes just a little higher and looked at the words that are above, ``In God we trust.'' I think it is very important today for our Nation to look at those words again and repeat them, either out loud or silently, as a prayer for our Nation, for those whose lives have been taken, in God we trust that they are living in the face of God this evening; and to their families, in God we trust; and ourselves, that we will help to heal one another; and that in God we trust, have entrusted our lives in the noble Americans that we have seen on the face of television that have moved to take care of those that have fallen. So in God we trust today in the ingredients of our democracy, that are imprinted and engraved in the wood of the bench here that surrounds the place where the President comes to address the Nation, and where the Speaker, in our democracy in this House of Representatives, resides. It says ``Union,'' and we believe in our Union. Mr. Speaker, I recall the ingredients of our democracy. As I say this, the entire world should pay attention to what the ingredients of our democracy are: union, and make no mistake about it, we are unified; in justice, that is at the desk, and those who are less than animals who have done this to our people will be brought to justice; for tolerance, our tolerance as we debate and that we will bring tolerance to what these outcomes are; to liberty and understanding that there are those who have to pay a price for that; and for peace, peace of mind, peace in this land. Mr. Speaker, in God we trust that we will honor the ingredients, that we will honor those whose lives have been taken, that we honor the Capitol Police tonight, and our staffs, I would like to thank because they have worked very hard to take care of us, and to all of us we must say in God we trust that our deliberations will bring about the results that this magnificent Nation and our democracy deserves. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Colorado (Mr. Hefley), a member of the Committee on Armed Services. Mr. HEFLEY. Mr. Speaker, yesterday's devastating terrorist attacks will forever be seared on our individual and national memories. It was an unreal and incomprehensible assault on our people and our Nation. When I awoke this morning, it was with the sad realization that the attacks of yesterday actually occurred and claimed so many innocent lives. Mr. Speaker, I passed the Pentagon on my way to work just a few minutes before the plane hit. This morning when I drove by the Pentagon, it was a very real and very different scene. The smoke was still pouring out, and the water was pouring in; but in a glimmer of hope, the American flag continued to wave on the grounds of the Pentagon. The American spirit will not be disabled. It is shameful that thousands of American civilians gave their lives for a cause they did not know, for an issue they were not concerned. An attack against civilian targets of women and children, mothers and fathers, peaceful and without prejudice is beyond comprehension in our modern day, civilized world. I mourn for the dead and extend my sympathy to the families of the afflicted. In this hour of bereavement, I extend my gratitude and praise for the men and women who risk their lives and continue to risk their lives to find the victims and rescue the injured. The men and women who serve to protect our society cannot pause to grieve, for their job is far from complete. To the families who grieve, the citizens who serve and a Nation that questions, I cannot underscore enough the desire of this Congress to find the perpetrators and inflict punishment. Mr. Speaker, there will be an enormous price to pay, both to the cowards behind these horrendous acts and to any nation that harbors them. Yesterday, the United States of America was the greatest Nation on the face of the Earth. {time} 1915 Today, the United States of America is the greatest Nation on the face of the Earth, and by the grace of God we will remain so. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from California (Ms. Woolsey), my friend and colleague. Ms. WOOLSEY. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from California for yielding me the time. Mr. Speaker, it is with profound sorrow and sympathy that I join my colleagues to condemn the horrific acts of terrorism yesterday in New York City and here in our own Nation's capital. On behalf of the people of Marin and Sonoma Counties, I extend condolences and prayers to those who lost family, friends, and co- workers. To those in our Bay Area community who are grieving for their own losses in yesterday's terrorist attacks, we stand ready to offer our support and console. To those who selflessly and bravely offered themselves in our Nation's greatest time of need, we thank you. Mr. Speaker, we send a message to those guilty of those disastrous acts. Our message is that their acts of destroying the World Trade Center, damaging the Pentagon, and using U.S. airlines to carry out their brutal deeds of death, those actions fully intending to destroy our democracy through terror, death, and disability will not succeed. This Nation's steadfast determination to support democracy will not bow to terrorism. We will instead reach out, reach out to the victims and their families. We will rebuild our cities and we will rebuild our confidence. We will not let the forces of evil prevail or go unpunished. Yet, as we try to make sense of yesterday's senseless activities, we will remember that our Nation's response to these acts will also leave an indelible mark on the American people. Determining an appropriate response and bringing those responsible for the attacks to justice means that we must temper our absolute resolve with wisdom, and Mr. Speaker, I have complete confidence that America will rise to the challenge. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Nebraska (Mr. Osborne), a member of the Committee on Agriculture. Mr. OSBORNE. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the resolution. When examined in the context of history, yesterday will prove to be the most tragic single day in the history of the United States. It has been my experience that true character is revealed most clearly in times of crisis. As we recover from this event, our character as a Congress and a Nation will be demonstrated. There will be several parameters that will be particularly revealing. First, we can be divided, cast blame, point fingers and dissolve into partisanship, or we can unify, pull together, and strive to be one Nation. [[Page 16794]] The whole is always greater than the sum of its parts. Unity of purpose is critical. Second, we can become hesitant and fearful or we can show great courage. The President's declaration that those who harbor terrorists will be treated as terrorists is significant. Our pursuit of those responsible for the attack must be focused and relentless. Yet we must be certain that innocent people are not harmed in the process. Third, adversity is a great teacher. We can learn from this event and become a more vigilant and better prepared Nation. It is critical that we correct flaws in our national security. It is equally important that these corrections are made without acrimony and in a constructive atmosphere. Fourth, we can demonstrate the vitality of our faith or we can yield to cynicism and despair. It has often been said that America is great because America is good. We were founded as one Nation under God, and our faith in God has undergirded our Nation since its inception. Hopefully an event such as this will underscore our reliance upon a power beyond our own and will lead to a renewed dedication to serving and honoring God with all that we have been given. May God's favor rest upon this Congress and upon this people. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2\1/2\ minutes to the gentlewoman from California (Ms. Sanchez), my friend and colleague. Ms. SANCHEZ. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from California for yielding me the time. Mr. Speaker, yesterday Americans were both dumbfounded and outraged. The scenes which were played out over and over on television were something we are accustomed to seeing from Hollywood, not something that happens here in America. Surely these scenes could not occur in two of the most important cities we have, New York and Washington, D.C., the symbols of capitalism and freedom. But they did. Witnessing the horrific events of yesterday, I am proud to tell you that my faith in America is strong and that my belief in tomorrow is even stronger. The United States is mightier than any group of terrorists. We have resolve and reassurance that our unity is strong and our patriotism can never be doubted. I will not allow the spirit of democracy to be destroyed. We will stand tall as Americans together, black and white, rich and poor, Democrats and Republicans, to ensure that an event such as this never occurs again on our land. As a member of the Committee on Armed Services and its terrorism panel, I will stand with our President to locate the cowards who harbored and funded these suicide pilots. Just as importantly, I will continue to strongly support more funding for counterintelligence activities and fighting terrorism both domestically and abroad. It is really unfortunate that it took a terrible tragedy like the one yesterday to force policymakers to rethink our priorities, and yet I know I am safe in saying that none of my colleagues want to see a repeat of yesterday. So how can the mightiest, the wealthiest Nation in the world prevent such an attack in the future? The first step is to take a look at our priorities and make it an order that will reflect our desires to protect American citizens. I firmly believe that the biggest risk to our country, to all Americans, is not some missile from some rogue Nation but terrorism. Make no mistake, Mr. Speaker, both are threats, but as a country we need to get our priorities right. We need to devote more funds to counterintelligence support and infrastructure and education of terrorist activities. Yesterday was an assault on the freedom of every American, and we must come together and offer our support. Today, we grieve those who have lost their lives. As we pray for their families, we speak in one voice to condemn these attacks. Today, the healing must begin. The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Sweeney). In order for the managers to better manage time, the Chair wishes to inform Members that the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Smith) has 50 minutes remaining, the gentleman from California (Mr. Lantos) has 31 minutes. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Missouri (Mr. Graves), a member of the Committee on Agriculture. Mr. GRAVES. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of this resolution. This is a solemn moment in our Nation's history. American men and women, civilians and soldiers, firefighters and police, mothers and fathers, were slain yesterday for a cause so terrible, so heinous, and so despicable that we find it completely unimaginable. Today, we struggle as a Nation to find meaning and hope in a seemingly hopeless and meaningless act. In the days to come, America will be united, shoulder to shoulder, in a struggle to meet the challenges of a world that is a little less safe, a little scarier and far less predictable. Nevertheless, we will unite to comfort our families, our neighbors and our friends who have lost their lives, their loved ones, and their friends through these acts of terrorism. We will unite, resolved to find the terrorists and those that harbor them so we can bring them to justice. We will unite in retaliation for a war that has been brought to our soil. And, Mr. Speaker, we will prevail. Our Nation will rebuild what these terrorists have torn down. We will renew our faith that has been tested. And we will renew our determination and our spirit that has been weakened but not broken. We will come together and renew our love for our country and for our fellow Americans. We will never forget those that we have lost, nor will we forget the commitment we have made to them and their loved ones to bring their attackers to justice. Mr. Speaker, God bless the families and children grieving across this great Nation today. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am delighted to yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from California (Ms. Harman). Ms. HARMAN. Mr. Speaker, I thank my colleague for yielding me this time. My generation lost its innocence when President John F. Kennedy was assassinated. With yesterday's events, our children and our grandchildren lost their innocence. My 16-year-old daughter asked me last night how we could live in a country where planes crash into buildings. My response, until yesterday, we didn't. Now we do. How we respond to yesterday will measure us, Mr. Speaker. I want to applaud our colleague who urged us yesterday to pray for the wisdom to make the right decisions. It matters what we do and how we do it. Let us start with how. We must be bipartisan, balanced, and calm. Panic and partisanship are our enemies. And as one colleague said this morning, the Constitution of the United States must not be our next casualty. What. We must take bold steps, including, first, restructuring our defense and intelligence budgets to meet the real threats of the 21st century, not the outdated threats of the 20th. Second, give first priority to counterterrorism, prevention being the most important goal. Our arsenal to prevent terrorism includes diplomacy, human intelligence and state-of-the-art technology. Third, strengthen efforts to train and equip responders at the local, State and Federal level. New York City did a magnificent job. So did the Capitol Police. And, fourth, respect the civil liberties and intelligence of Americans. We are a generous, courageous and resilient Nation. Given information, resources and leadership, the American people will rise to any challenge and fight down any assault to take from us our way of life. We will defeat terrorism. We will honor the memories of my constituents, Raytheon executives Peter Gay and Stanley Hall, and Boeing employees Chandler Keller and Rubin Ornedo, all passengers on American Flight 77. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Michigan (Mr. Knollenberg), a member of the Subcommittee on Foreign Operations of the Committee on Appropriations. [[Page 16795]] Mr. KNOLLENBERG. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to offer on behalf of the people of the 11th Congressional District of Michigan our thoughts and prayers for each and every one affected by the tragedy. Words alone cannot express the sorrow that America feels. Nor can words express the anger America feels. These attacks were a cowardly assault on innocent Americans, and this will not stand. Make no mistake, these attacks were an act of war. All of us stand firmly behind the President in his efforts to identify and punish the perpetrators of these evil deeds. No one will rest until justice is done on those who committed these heinous crimes and on those who provided aid and comfort to those criminals. Let me be clear. America's relationships with our allies and those who would be our allies will be defined by their reactions to these events and their support for our efforts to bring these terrorists and their accomplices to justice. Our Nation's capital has suffered as well. I have been in touch with the city's leadership to assess their needs. As chairman of the Subcommittee on the District of Columbia of the Committee on Appropriations, I will do what I can to ensure that it has the resources it needs to be as safe as possible. Yesterday, we saw the worst of humanity. But it is the better angels of our nature that will prevail. Terrorism tries to defeat us with fear. Judging by the response of all Americans, fear is not winning. {time} 1930 I returned to work today, as did all Americans, confident that the United States of America is as strong as ever. We are bloodied, but unbowed. Now is the time for us as a Nation to stand together and prove that the principles for which we stand are stronger than the forces that would destroy them. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Texas (Mr. Doggett). Mr. DOGGETT. Mr. Speaker, against this backdrop of an unfolding and unforgettable horror, we draw our loved ones a little closer. Let our prayers comfort those in pain and our gratitude sustain those who rescue and protect and heal. As our grief yields to anger, we unite in support of a swift response, commensurate to the evil, targeted against the guilty, sufficient to deter others who would visit terror on our shores. The words of President Bush have been well chosen; his response has been firm, but measured. All of us want to join our President with a bipartisan display of national unity, just as we did last evening on the steps of this Capitol. As President Bush well understands, nothing good would be accomplished by attacking the innocent based on mere suspicion. In today's world, there can be no absolute security, no impenetrable ``Fortress America.'' For as long as tyrants exist, they will challenge and demonize the United States because of our ideas of freedom and liberty. We can only dedicate ourselves to determining how this terrible attack occurred, redouble our efforts to protect our families from the greatest dangers, and ensure that only the guilty bear our retribution. As we renew our declaration of war against terrorism, we know that if our enemies could be easily vanquished, they would already be gone; if we could buy our way out of such tragedies, the dollars would already have been spent. More money may be needed for some purposes, but a blank check is no substitute for policies that are sound, well coordinated and effectively implemented. Certainly the lessons we learn in this kind of situation and the memories we take away are very individual. As I passed the Tidal Basin yesterday and witnessed the smoke rising from behind the Jefferson Memorial coming from the still-burning Pentagon, I will concede to being moved by the juxtaposition--the gray smoke from the Pentagon against this classic white marble structure where the words of Jefferson are inscribed: ``I have sworn upon the altar of God eternal hostility against every form of tyranny over the mind of man.'' Today we join in subscribing to that same oath. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Mississippi (Mr. Wicker), a member of the Committee on Appropriations and, of particular note, the Subcommittee on Foreign Operations. Mr. WICKER. Mr. Speaker, on Tuesday, September 11, 2001, a dark cloak of terrorism fell across the United States with the brutal and heinous attacks on our country. The Nation watched in horror as events unfolded and Americans faced the harsh reality of terror right on our own doorstep. In the shadow of the Statue of Liberty, thousands of people lie in the rubble. In the still smouldering center of our national defense headquarters, many are still unaccounted for. Our hearts and prayers go out to those victims and their families. The surest consolation for those left behind, and indeed for all of us, can be found in the confident knowledge that the blessings of this Nation, life, liberty, and freedom, will endure. One of our most treasured symbols of freedom is the Statue of Liberty. Inscribed in the pedestal are these words of hope, written in a different era, but which are appropriate today. They are taken from President Franklin Roosevelt's State of the Union message less than 1 month after the bombing of Pearl Harbor: ``Liberty is the air America breathes. In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential freedoms: freedom of speech, freedom of worship, freedom from want, freedom from fear.'' Mr. Speaker, Americans today yearn to be free of fear, to believe these terrorist attacks were an isolated incident which will not happen again. Yet we have no such guarantee. Americans should know that the forces of evil which perpetrated these acts may make further attempts on our soil. These forces are not readily identifiable. As the President said this morning, ``The American people need to know that this is a different enemy than we have ever faced.'' Mr. Speaker, that is why the United States must candidly acknowledge that more resources must be devoted to our intelligence and defense operations to defend against this new type of warfare. America will respond swiftly, decisively, and with force to these acts of war on our homeland; but we must also, to the best of our ability, make the necessary preparations to protect our country from the threat of this new warfare in the future. We stand united as a Congress and as a country to defeat our enemies and to preserve our freedom, now and forever. May God grant us the resolve, the courage, and the national determination to overcome this tragedy. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 3 minutes to my friend, the gentlewoman from Texas (Ms. Jackson-Lee). Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I thank the distinguished gentleman for yielding me time, and I thank the chairman. Mr. Speaker, on behalf of the constituents of the 18th Congressional District, I offer my deepest sympathy. Today, Mr. Speaker, I am as proud to be an American as ever, because we are not afraid. However, I do want to express my deep pain and sadness regarding the tragic events that took place on United States soil yesterday morning. The aggressive and unwarranted seizing of civilian airplanes originating at airports in Newark, Boston, and Washington, resulting in violent attacks and explosions at the World Trade Center, the Pentagon and rural Pennsylvania, have shocked the Nation and the world. I would also like to express my deepest sympathies to the families and friends of those involved in this horror of horrors. I hope that all Americans upset by this tragedy have and will find solace in churches, mosques, synagogues, temples, or any place where peaceful people might congregate to share their shock and sadness. This weekend, I call for Americans to worship in unity together, praying for the will of our Founding Fathers. [[Page 16796]] At a time like this, individuals who think little about the tenets and principles that undergrid this government and this Nation are reminded of the values of freedom and democracy we citizens of the United States so often take for granted. We will also never forget our loyalty to the rule of law. It is important when the comfort of this Nation is shaken and we can see what we appear to have lost, we then realize how great a nation the United States is and how we must truly love our country. Thank you, warriors of charity, our firefighters and police, emergency workers and the U.S. military, in New York and Washington and the Nation, for your selflessness. As chair of the Congressional Children's Caucus, I am amazed and impressed by the efforts made by the American children to help each other cope with this horrible tragedy. A member of my staff's younger sister, a 14-year-old from New York City, recalled the dual shock of the events she experienced at a nearby school. She explained that one of her friends had lost his father who was traveling on the plane that was crashed in the first World Trade Center tower. Another of her friends lost both of her parents, who went to work in the World Trade Center yesterday morning, but will never return home. Despite the magnitude of this human tragedy, I am moved by this young girl's optimistic perspective of these events which she experienced firsthand. She explained that although her life and world have forever changed because of this great tragedy, she felt safe and proud when her classmates, children of all colors, creeds and national origins, came together as Americans and drew strength from their collective diversity and richness. We must not forget our children. As the people of this country and the nations of the world look upon this House, let me join my colleagues in stating unequivocally that this Nation is one of one mind and one voice in this time of tragedy. I will support the President and will work to ensure that all available resources are devoted toward finding and holding accountable those individuals responsible for this blow to world citizenship. Might I also say that we must act now. How will we act? Congress will act to provide the resources to stamp out terrorism. We will, however, adhere to the rule of law. I will ask for an immediate assessment of the security structure at our Canadian border. Finally, we should move to convene a meeting with all the adoption and foster care agencies to ensure that the children who have lost their parents will be taken care of. Finally, we may walk through the valley of the shadow of death, but we will have no fear and we will fear no evil. God Bless America and the American people. Mr. Speaker, I would like to express my deep pain and sadness regarding the tragic events that took place on United States soil yesterday morning. These aggressive and unwarranted attacks on civilian airplanes originating at airports in Newark, Boston, and Washington, and explosions at the World Trade Center, Pentagon and rural Pennsylvania have shocked the nation and the world. I would also like to express my deepest sympathies to the families and friends of those involved in this horror of horrors. I know that many Americans lost some of the most important people in their lives yesterday, and I know that mere words cannot express their pain. I hope that all Americans upset by this tragedy have found solace in Churches, Mosques, Synagogues, Temples, or any place where peaceful people might congregate to share their shock and sadness. All Americans are stunned at the magnitude of damage, the obvious and extreme loss of life, and the uncertainty of huge totals regarding loss of life that we face in the days and weeks to come. At a time like this, individuals who think little about the tenets and principles that under-gird this government and this nation are reminded of the values of freedom and democracy we citizens of the United States so often take for granted. When the comfort of this nation is shaken, and we can see what we appear to have lost, we then realize how great a nation the United States is and how much we truly love our country. Perhaps this is but a function of God's Grace toward our nation, because when faced with tragedies like those which unfolded yesterday, Americans are reminded not of kings and aristocrats, but of the constant struggle of American citizens of all races, colors, religions, and national origins fighting for freedom, equality, and justice for all. As America watched the events unfold on television, we saw countless examples of this collective American spirit animating individuals to acts of heroism. I would like to especially recognize the selfless heroism of the many thousands of New York City and National Police, Fire Department and emergency service workers throughout this tragedy. I thank the men and women of the U.S. military. They have worked and continue to work through the most dangerous and catastrophic event in American history. To those who have made the ultimate sacrifice while saving the lives of others, and to their families, I say to you ``Thank you, and God bless you. Your faith and commitment to democracy and to the sanctity of human life will make us all safer, healthier, and better able to serve those around the world who thirst, above all else, for freedom, democracy, and peace.'' As Co-Chair of the Congressional Children's Caucus, I am amazed and impressed by the efforts made by American children to help each other cope with this horrible tragedy. A member of my staff's younger sister, a 14 year old from New York City, recalled the dual shock of the events she experienced at a nearby school yesterday. She explained that one of her friends had lost his father who was travelling on the plane that was crashed into the first World Trade Center tower. Another of her friends lost both of her parents who went to work in the World Trade Center yesterday morning, but will never return home. Despite the magnitude of this human tragedy, I am moved by this young girl's optimistic perspective of these events which she experienced first- hand. She explained that although her life and world have forever changed because of this great tragedy, she felt safe and proud when her classmates, children of all colors, creeds, and national origins came together as Americans and drew strength from their collective diversity and richness. In this darkest hour of our great Nation, perhaps our greatest pillar of strength derives from our children who have endured and will continue to endure for all of us here in America and around the world. We must make every effort to ensure that these young people receive the support and care they need to ensure that they never turn a hostile face toward the world that has taken so much from them. As the people of this country and the nations of the world look upon this House, let me join my colleagues in stating unequivocally that this nation is of one mind and one voice in this time of tragedy. I support the President and will work to ensure that all available resources are devoted toward funding and holding accountable those individuals responsible for this blow to world citizenship. The nations of this world should understand both our determination to find the patrons of these heinous acts, and our collective faith that we will pursue this goal with the integrity and conviction that the gravity of the situation--and that the principles and Constitution that have shaped this great Nation--require. In pursuing the criminals and their conspirators who carried out this attack on our nation, we will not, however, proceed with disregard of either international or U.S. Law. It is centrally important that this nation proceed hand in hand with the rule of law. The world must know that these are not the acts of a vengeful nation. Instead, we must act with the conviction and certainty the laws created under our Constitution allow. We are determined to proceed not with reckless abandon, mistrust, and xenophobia, but rather with calm, focused energy directed at the culprits of this terrible crime against the United States. We understand that those responsible for this attack on United States' soil are zealots and extremists who have perverted a religion based on peace for their own twisted political ends. As we move forward in our pursuit of justice, we must also be mindful not to assign collective guilt on any one group among us. I know that at times such as these people have a tendency to generalize, stereotype, and single out individuals who have had no hand in these heinous acts. I have heard reports of Muslim schoolchildren being harassed by others who misunderstand the complexities involved in fighting religious terrorists. We must be sure to help Americans turn away from such hateful and hurtful behavior, lest they lead to even more violence and divert us from our purpose. The United States will act against the zealots that committed these crimes in a manner that eliminates their effectiveness and denies them martyrdom. We will also act against third party governments who give shelter and aid to these international criminals at the expense of their peaceful and law-abiding citizens. My fellow Americans, the United States will act to [[Page 16797]] defend itself against all threats, foreign and domestic, because we believe to the utmost in the peace of nations and peace between all members of the human family. The people of the United States are peaceful, and above all else, we have faith in the freedom and justice that we no longer have the luxury of taking for granted. We will allow this faith to guide the instruments of the United States and the citizens of this nation who will respond to the calls for justice that echo from around the world. Like Psalm 23, this nation walked through the ``Valley of the Shadow of Death'' yesterday. This nation, however, ``fears no evil,'' for the strength of our convictions and the Grace of God comfort us, and we have emerged stronger and more determined than ever. The United States is faced with great challenges as we move forward from this day of national emergency. We shall continue to pray and heal, even as we pursue the authorities of darkness and zealotry to the ends of the earth. As we proceed, let us be forever reminded of the words of Isaiah 40:31; ``But they that wait upon the Lord shall renew their strength; they shall mount up with wings as eagles; they shall run, and not be weary; and they shall walk, and not faint.'' Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Gekas), the distinguished chairman of the Subcommittee on Immigration and Claims of the Committee on the Judiciary. Mr. GEKAS. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me time. Mr. Speaker, we Members of Congress could not have been totally surprised by the swiftness with which the firefighters and ambulance drivers and police people and hospital people rushed to the scene, both in New York and at the Pentagon. We should not be surprised, because we have seen instances in our own districts, dozens of times, time and time again, of the valiant work of the firefighter and the policeman and the ambulance driver. But the sheer magnitude of what they did in New York and the Pentagon charges again our admiration for their service to mankind, service to their communities, and, yes, service to our country. So, with their efforts, we fulfilled and are still fulfilling the three charges that are made to the American people and to the American government: one, to take care of our wounded, our casualties; number two, to prepare for restructuring of the damage that was done by these terrorists; and, number three, as everyone agrees, to bring the culprits to justice. America has its priorities already set, and they were placed in order by the valiant work of the firefighters and those who went to the aid of others. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield such time as he may consume to the gentleman from Washington (Mr. McDermott). Mr. McDERMOTT. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the resolution. Mr. Speaker, yesterday, for the first time in 187 years, we have been attacked in the continental United States. In 1814, during the War of 1812, both the White House and the Capitol were set on fire and nearly totally destroyed. In the time between, buttressed by two enormous oceans, Americans felt an enormous sense of security. Today, that feeling is gone. It will be a very, very long time before we feel safe again, like before! We grieve--not only for the thousands who died yesterday--but for ourselves. Our natural human response is--first denial--then apathy--and then rage. The United States is the greatest, most powerful nation in the world--a nation that cannot allow itself to react irresponsibly, against innocent people, out of an act of rage. America must be careful in its response. Our prayers go out to the victims and families of the thousands who were senselessly killed and injured. Our nation is committed to eradicating terrorism and bringing those who orchestrated this atrocity to justice. We must not act in haste--by rushing to act out our vengeance against fellow Americans--because America is the world's greatest melting pot, and in today's society, we simply cannot guess at an individual's country of natural origin by their appearance. We have to make sure that we make war on terrorism--not on Arabs! We must make a further distinction between the war on terrorism and the war on Americans of Near or South Asian descent. There have been many references to a second Pearl Harbor, and while the shock and anger certainly are similar and warranted, that anger should not be directed towards our neighbors in ethnic communities across the country. We do not need the attitudes that will lead to a second wave of internment camps. We must set an example to the world. Americans will not lower themselves to the mentality of a lynch mob. We must not make a mistake in our response. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Lampson). Mr. LAMPSON. Mr. Speaker, I rise today with a heavy heart to express for the people of Southeast Texas and for myself our sympathy for those who have lost loved ones in the horrible tragedy our country suffered yesterday. I have received many messages of well wishes and sympathy from constituents and friends literally around the world. A member of the French parliament, for example, asked me to please transmit his profound sympathies to the U.S. Congress and the American people. We thank you all for your prayers and support. The United States of America is strong, and will not be shaken by such a cowardly act which killed so many of our countrymen. But, Mr. Speaker, I want to talk about a slightly different message than my colleagues have spoken of so far, a message about children. As adults, we have the ability to process this tragedy much differently than how our young children do. As Chairman of the Congressional Caucus on Missing and Exploited Children, I wanted to ask the citizens of our country to be particularly sensitive to our children's needs and to give them an opportunity to discuss freely their feelings. As adults, we need to be calm and focused for the children. We need to receive support from other adults, so that we are able to effectively guide our children. We must talk with our kids and listen to them, find out what their fears are, what their concerns are, and then try to address them as directly and as calmly as possible. We must try to reassure them that there are adults there to help them and to protect them, and, after giving them time to talk and to share, to return them to their regular routine of school. Our children are worth the time that we take to do this, and it is indeed important. Mr. Speaker, I want to thank the police, the firefighters, the emergency personnel and the magnificent citizens who sacrificed their lives or who are still helping in this disaster. My heart and the hearts of my constituents go out to the people of New York and of Washington, D.C. I urge my fellow citizens to support our President as we take swift and decisive action against the persons who perpetrated this tremendously horrendous act of cowardice. Mr. Speaker, I ask my colleagues to support this resolution, and I ask that God bless America. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from California (Mr. McKeon), a member of the Committee on Armed Services. Mr. McKEON. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of this resolution. My thoughts and sympathies go to those who have lost family members and loved ones to this dastardly deed. Yesterday morning, while I prepared to come to the hill, I watched in horror on the television as the World Trade Center burned. {time} 1945 Then a second plane I saw fly deliberately into the second tower. And as I was watching that, I heard of the third plane crashing into the Pentagon. I, along with the rest of the Nation, was riveted to the news for the rest of the day. Words cannot describe the feelings I had as I saw those towers crumble. Through the immense devastation, I saw the efforts of many Americans to save and help those victims who were suffering so tremendously. Many of those heroes became victims themselves. Mr. Speaker, I have heard a lot of talk since then about what we are going to do; but in the last few years [[Page 16798]] that I have been here in Congress, we have suffered other terrorist attacks and all we have done is talk. This has to stop. This time, we have to retaliate; and we have to do so so strongly that no one will dare attack us on our homeland again. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to the gentleman from Arizona (Mr. Pastor). Mr. PASTOR. Mr. Speaker, I would like to express my condolences to the victims and my support for all of the people who are rescuing, and I join my President in resolving to join him in finding those people who perpetrated this crime. Mr. Speaker, I rise today with a heavy heart and a deep resolve. I rise in support of this Resolution. Like all other Americans, and many from other countries around the world, I am saddened by the events of yesterday. Our hearts weep for the victims and families of this horrendous attack. Our hearts weep for our nation. And our hearts weep for our civilization. But, just as Americans of past generations have stared down the grisly realities of malicious and wanton aggressions upon our freedom, our livelihood, and our way of life, so we will rise up to denounce, withstand, and battle this atrocity. Let no one throughout the world misunderstand America's resolve to end the senseless carnage that we observed yesterday. Let no one throughout the world misunderstand America's spirit to defend democracy and freedom. Let no one throughout the world misunderstand America's will to prevail. It is a time of sadness and a time of challenge in our nation. We will continue to remember and revere those who perished. But we will also meet this challenge with the conviction and the courage that has made our nation the shining symbol of freedom throughout the world. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am delighted to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from North Carolina (Mr. Etheridge), my good friend and colleague. Mr. ETHERIDGE. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding time to me. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to speak about yesterday's outrageous attack on America. First and foremost, I want to express my sympathy and condolences to the victims of these attacks and to their families. Their unimaginable suffering that they have been forced to endure will forever give them a unique place in America's collective hearts. We pray that the good Lord, in his mercy, will comfort the innocent and help them find a path to perseverance. We resolve that their loss will never be forgotten in this country where we share their deep grief. I commend the many acts of heroism performed by civilians, police, firefighters, and countless others. The response of the American people has been overwhelming, as people give their time, their prayers, and their blood to assist our fallen brothers and sisters. Americans of all walks of life have shown their true colors in this crisis, and those colors are unmistakably red, white and blue. Yesterday, we witnessed multiple acts of extreme cowardice, precipitated by individuals so twisted with hate as to slaughter innocent citizens, men, women and children who have done them no harm and posed them no threat. The people of this country feel these attacks deeply because we know that the target of those assaults were every man, woman and child in this country. Freedom itself and our way of life came under attack yesterday, and we must answer that call to protect our citizens. President Roosevelt correctly stated, ``We, born to freedom and believing in freedom, are willing to fight to maintain that freedom. We, and all others who believe as deeply as we do would rather die on our feet than live on our knees.'' America stands today bruised and bloodied, but she stands nonetheless. America stands unbowed. We will recover from this assault. We will bury our dead. We will rebuild. And we will fight to maintain our freedom. Our enemy in this war may be elusive, but he is not invisible. Our enemy may be sophisticated, but he is not invincible. Our enemy is certainly ruthless, but he will know America's resolve. The people of America want an end to this threat; and by joining together, we can and will do it. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Florida (Mr. Weldon), a member of the Committee on Science, Committee on Financial Services, and the Committee on Government Reform. Mr. WELDON of Florida. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time. I rise in support of the resolution. Words can never be found to fully express the sorrow we share for the many, many innocent men, women, and children who lost their lives and for their families. The lives of thousands of innocent civilians were taken yesterday in acts of cowardly violence. I urge all Americans to continue to lift up prayers for the families and friends of those whose lives were viciously taken. These evil acts against the American people will strengthen the resolve of the United States in our commitment to freedom and liberty, the principles upon which our Nation was founded. The American people will not flinch, but will respond with all strength and unity against these cowards and their supporters. The resolve of the American people and our military might is united in hunting down everyone involved in this tragic act of war against the American people. Anyone who was connected in any way with these terrorists shall receive the full brunt of our justice. They will rue the day they conceived this act of violence. I call upon my colleagues and all Americans to join President Bush as we stand together in unity against those who senselessly took the lives of countless American men, women, and children. This terrorist action amounts to a declaration of war on innocent civilians and will not be allowed to stand. May God sustain us through our hour of need and give us wisdom to do what is right. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Florida (Mr. Deutsch), my distinguished colleague. Mr. DEUTSCH. Mr. Speaker, this is my 10th year in this Chamber; and I will tell my colleagues that I still have goose bumps when I walk into this Chamber every day, even after 10 years, because we are part of not just the greatest Chamber in the history of the world, but the greatest country in the history of the world. Over 300 years ago, people left their homeland and some of them landed on the tip of Manhattan, not far from where the World Trade Center was destroyed; and those were early pioneers in the creation of America, the oldest democracy in the history of the world, a country unique in world history for many reasons. Yesterday was a day that is part of our history now. We have faced challenges as great as what we face at this point in our history, and we have met every one of those challenges. I have no doubt that we will meet this one as well. Mr. Speaker, there are many analogies about Pearl Harbor. I had the opportunity to visit Pearl Harbor for the first time this past July. I read a little bit about the history, both before and after Pearl Harbor. I think in time, people will read about the history of yesterday, as well, in the same context. The Japanese might have thought that they had the strategic advantage and made a policy-correct decision in that attack, but the history is clear. It was an incredible strategic failure. Just as the action of yesterday, I think for sure, history, in time, will show it an absolute colossal strategic failure. This Congress, I do not know if by our actions will, in fact, declare war on the perpetrators of this action, but I believe we should. There is precedent to do such action. The Barbary pirates were not a country, they were terrorists in their day; and this Congress, the same body that we serve in today, declared war on the Barbary pirates and the implications of them. I believe that that is what we should do, whether by direct deeds or by other actions; and it is a war that we are committed to and that we will win. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may [[Page 16799]] consume to the gentleman from Tennessee (Mr. Jenkins.) Mr. JENKINS. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of the resolution. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Wisconsin (Mr. Green), a member of the Committee on Armed Services as well as the Committee on the Judiciary. Mr. GREEN of Wisconsin. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of the resolution. Mr. Speaker, throughout history, our foes have misunderstood and underestimated the American people. They have often mistaken our love of peace for a fear of using force. They have mistaken our adherence to the rule of law at home for an unwillingness to take decisive action abroad, and they have mistaken our vibrant democracy for an inability to stand together. But they are wrong. The foes responsible for yesterday's outrage will soon feel the depth of their miscalculation. In times like this, Mr. Speaker, I take great comfort from the halls of this old capitol herself. We are in crisis, I say to my colleagues, but as Americans, we have seen crises before: Civil War, world wars, calamity and catastrophe, but this capitol and this Nation have persevered and somehow grown stronger. Many of us, when we walked into these Chambers today, walked through what is known as Statuary Hall, where there are monuments to some of the great men and women who have gone before us and built this empire of liberty. Black and white, rich and poor, people from all walks of life, there is nothing like it, and nothing like them anywhere in the world. It is time to stand together to protect their legacy. It is time to reawaken this Nation and our spirit. It is time to show the world a force that is stronger and more potent than any weapon on Earth: the force of a free people, united in a single purpose. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Minnesota (Mr. Luther). Mr. LUTHER. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the resolution. Yesterday, our Nation was met with an unspeakable tragedy as we were stripped of the peace and security that we have enjoyed for so long. This is a time of great national grief; and on behalf of myself, my staff, and the people of Minnesota who I represent, I join all Americans in praying for the victims, survivors, families, and loved ones. Unfortunately, yesterday's events are a stark reminder of the dangerous world in which we live and the serious risks to people who are firmly committed to democracy, freedom and opportunity for all, as we Americans are. Our law enforcement and military officials will work to promptly find those responsible, and we will prepare a strong and appropriate response. But today, today as a Nation, let us recognize the victims and the survivors, the response teams and all of the other heroes for their incredible contributions to our Nation and to the blessings we enjoy as Americans. Our thoughts and prayers are with you. Mr. Speaker, if there is one thing for us to remember from this tragedy, let it simply be this: as our country has shown over and over in the past, and as difficult as these times are, we will become stronger as a Nation because of the contributions and sacrifices each of you has made. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Nevada (Mr. Gibbons) who is an Air Force pilot, former airline pilot, and a Vietnam as well as Persian Gulf vet, and a member of the Committee on Armed Services and the committee on Veterans' Affairs. Mr. GIBBONS. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time. Mr. Speaker, yesterday America was changed forever. This despicable terrorist action waged against America, waged against innocent civilians, citizens, men and women, waged against symbols of strength and success in America, was clearly an act of war, an act of war waged against our citizens and military personnel, along with firemen and policemen; and we will never forget what they have done. Now, as we try to find the words, the correct words, to put it all into proper perspective, we must have the resolve to take all of the necessary action; and we must have the resolve to provide our warfighters and intelligence agencies the resources they need. {time} 2000 We must provide them the resolve they will need to remove this blight from our international society. As the rescue efforts continue, our hearts and prayers go out to the families, friends, and coworkers of those missing and lost yesterday and today. America was founded on freedoms, and we have always fought for our freedoms. We will never give in to terrorism. We will never give up until everyone responsible for this cowardly act has paid the price. We will prevail. America must prevail. May God bless the United States of America, and grant us the will and strength to see this through. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to my distinguished colleague, the gentleman from North Carolina (Mr. Price). Mr. PRICE of North Carolina. Mr. Speaker, the horrific images of yesterday will forever be etched in our memories: people leaping from the World Trade Center as the flames advanced; the terror of passengers aboard those hijacked planes as they attempted to warn us of what was to come; a gaping hole in the Pentagon, with workers killed at their desks. It is difficult to shake these images and these thoughts, and our first, human response must be to express our profound sympathy to the victims and their families; to pursue a vigorous rescue operation; to reach out, to give blood, to do whatever we can to alleviate the suffering of those directly targeted in yesterday's attack. I am confident that we will reach out and work together as a united community. We have proven before that we can and will pull together at times of danger and disaster, as we in North Carolina know from our experiences after Hurricanes Fran and Floyd. There were moving stories of heroism and sacrifice yesterday from police and firefighters and ordinary citizens. We have a tremendous capacity to sustain and support one another, and we must demonstrate that resolve and mutual commitment as never before in the days ahead. We must also move vigorously and swiftly to gain full and accurate information about how this disaster occurred and who was responsible. We must track down and punish the perpetrators and anyone who harbored them or gave them aid. Our retaliation must be severe and sure, leaving no doubt of our unwillingness to tolerate this kind of assault, and of our determination to make certain that nothing like this ever happens again. Part of our mission must be to rethink national security policy. Everything from airport security to intelligence activities must be examined to ensure that we are able to anticipate and control terrorism. And, as the House has demonstrated by reconvening today, we cannot and will not allow ourselves to be deterred from carrying on this Nation's vital work here and abroad. Yesterday, terrorists attempted to snuff out the beacon of hope our country has represented to this conflict-ridden world. On this occasion, we must resolve to brighten that beam and renew our commitment to alleviating the world's suffering and injustice, and to do so in defiance of the forces of evil that have made September 11 another day that will ``live in infamy.'' Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to my good friend and colleague, the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Barton), the chairman of the Subcommittee on Energy and Air Quality. Mr. BARTON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, tragic Tuesday, which occurred yesterday, is one of those days that is going to go down in history as a ``Where were you?'' I was not alive on December 7, 1941, but for those who were, it was one of those ``Where were you on December 7, [[Page 16800]] 1941'' days when the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor. I was alive in November of 1963. In fact, I was in the eighth grade in Innis Junior High School when President Kennedy was assassinated less than 50 miles away in Dallas outside the School Book Repository Building. I was alive in July, 1969 when the first man, a United States astronaut, landed on the Moon. Obviously, I was alive yesterday when the tragic plane attacks hit the Trade Center and the Pentagon, and then the plane crashed in Pennsylvania. So that is one of those ``Where were you'' days. The question before the Congress today, the Presidency, and to some extent the American people, is what are we going to do about it. There has been a lot of talk on the floor about the cowardly act. Well, it is cowardly in the sense that our attackers did not warn us and they did not declare war on us in the classic sense, they just hijacked the planes and attacked civilian targets in New York and the military target here in Washington. But it was not cowardly in the sense that the people that perpetrated it were cowards; just the opposite, they were probably very religiously committed, willing to die for a cause that they believe in. And however many there were that died yesterday, we have to assume that there are more who are willing to die in the future. So if we are really serious about a war against terrorism, we need to think about that. I am very committed to bringing the perpetrators, either eliminating them with military action or capturing them and taking them through whatever the legal system is, if that is appropriate. But if we are going to declare war, let us really think that through and be prepared to do what it takes. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to my good friend, the gentleman from Michigan (Mr. Levin), my distinguished colleague. Mr. LEVIN. Mr. Speaker, yesterday was like a massive earthquake, except that it was not of active nature but of evil men. Like in a massive earthquake, the first pictures were mainly of huge, horrible, physical damage. The worst was yet to come, as we are now beginning to glimpse the full extent of the unspeakable loss of human life and the pain and suffering of the families who have lost their loved ones. The days ahead will be filled with unbearable grief. The entire Nation will be in deep mourning. Because this disaster was man-made, it also poses a special challenge to our Nation and to our spirit. It fills us with anger. It also poses a special responsibility. We must not let this disaster break our spirit or our resolve. We must take definitive steps against the persons who caused this horrendous tragedy and against any Nation that shelters agents of terror. Unlike acts of nature, our goal must be a singular one: that we not let it ever happen again. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to my good friend, the gentleman from Montana (Mr. Rehberg), a member of the Committee on Agriculture, the Committee on Transportation, and frankly, the entire delegation of Montana. Mr. REHBERG. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of this sense of Congress resolution. To me, this is simple: Yesterday's attack against America was not just a criminal act, it was an act of war. It is important to understand that these terrorists were specially trained soldiers and hit men in an army intent on destroying America and our way of life. They were willing to take their own lives in order to accomplish their military objectives. That is why America must not treat yesterday's tragedy as a criminal case, or simply seek justice. Rather, we must take it for what it is: an act of war that demands a swift, thorough, and decisive response from the United States Armed Forces. In short, we must strike back at those responsible. A military action, not subpoenas and courtrooms, is the only way to prevent this from happening again. We must bring these armies of terror and any country found to be aiding or abetting their actions to their knees. The time for talk is over. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to my friend and colleague, the gentleman from California (Mr. Baca). Mr. BACA. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of this resolution, and to condemn the barbaric, cowardly attack on the people and the soil of the United States. This is an act of war. We will not tolerate these terrible acts. We as a Nation will pull together and pick up the pieces and build our strength. We all need to rally as a country right now, and our strength will come from our courage and our belief in our faith. America stands united. We believe in the liberty of our country, the justice of our democratic institutions. Let freedom ring. The Liberty Bell should shine with our resolve. In all of our towns where people are gathering food, materials, and people are giving blood, chapels and churches should ring the bell for freedom. We are all filled with condolence for all of the victims. America will not give up on its dreams and hopes and freedoms. I ask that we take time in our daily lives to observe a moment of silence for those who are lost, for those families and friends and loved ones, and to be thankful for what we have. In times of a national tragedy, America always comes together. We are showing the world what it is to be an American. This was an act of war on our people. We will not be divided. The President and Congress will be united in dealing with this horrible act. This is not a time of politics or blame but a time of sorrow, mourning, and healing. We must hold fast. We will investigate and we will find the culprits, and we will release the full fury of rage. But if these terrorists turn out to be foreign, we will not lash out at others of the same nationality who have no connections to the attack. Americans are human people who respect the rule of the law. This is about families that will never again be reunited: the brave souls that gave their lives in the line of duty; the police, the firefighters; the men and women and children on the planes; the workers in the World Trade Center; the place in the mind that will not heal quickly. I ask for Members' prayers for those whose lives have been lost. May God grant us the wisdom to steer our great Nation through this difficult time. This is a resolution about our families, our freedoms, our future. God bless America. We are proud of this Nation. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Florida (Mr. Crenshaw), the former President of the Florida State Senate and a member of the Committee on Armed Services, the Committee on the Budget, and the Committee on Veterans' Affairs. Mr. CRENSHAW. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of this resolution. As I walked up the steps of the Capitol this morning alone, I was overcome by an eerie sense of silence, silence that said to me, it is finally hitting home what happened yesterday, because yesterday I was struck with disbelief as I watched the horrible pictures on television. Yet, today my stomach churns with a sudden sickening feeling of sorrow and sadness for the people who lost loved ones. Yesterday it was a feeling of horror as I watched those pictures of mass destruction. Yet today my eyes have been burned with tears as I watched real men and women talk about real sons and daughters who are lost in yesterday's tragedy; from disbelief to sadness, now to anger and revenge, and I am sure that all Americans share these feelings with me. Yet we must now focus our feelings on a new sense of resolve, a resolve that says that we will no longer tolerate such actions; that the United States of America, the greatest country on the face of the Earth, will not be intimidated by terrorists, no matter how horrendous their acts. Yesterday, terrorism struck, and it struck as it always does, without warning, without reason. It struck by those [[Page 16801]] who have no heart and have no conscience, have no soul, cold-blooded murderers. Yesterday, the terrorists succeeded. They succeeded in shaking the foundations of two great symbols of America. But make no mistake, history will record those terrorists failed miserably in shaking the very foundations of this great country. I urge adoption of this resolution. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to my friend, the gentleman from North Carolina (Mr. McIntyre). Mr. McINTYRE. Mr. Speaker, the horrifying acts of terrorism which occurred yesterday were a cowardly act of attacking America. We in Congress must be dedicated and determined to take immediate action in three ways: First, to help the victims and their families, and to make sure that all Federal resources that are necessary are available; Second, to ensure that our liberties as American citizens are protected and that the American public is safe; Third, to make sure that the perpetrators are discovered and punished. Our focus must be on the injured and their families and those who are offering medical assistance, and others who are helping in so many different ways. It has taken, unfortunately, these horrifying acts of terrorism to draw attention to the resources and needs of our intelligence and defense agencies, and we must address those needs immediately so that our Nation's citizens know that their freedoms are not being compromised. We need prayer also for the injured and the suffering and their families, for our law enforcement, our EMS units, and our medical and health care providers, for our military, which stands ready to go whenever and wherever it is needed, and wisdom for our government in the decisions that we yet have to make. {time} 2015 Now, more than ever, we as a Nation must have the will to find the way to move forward with those essential qualities of courage and conviction that constitute the character of America. By God's grace, and with His strength and wisdom, I am confident that we will. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Virginia (Mr. Schrock), a member of the Committee on Armed Services and the Committee on the Budget. Mr. SCHROCK. Mr. Speaker, never could I have imagined when I left Vietnam 34 years ago yesterday that the freedoms we fought for in that conflict would be challenged in such a heinous, hateful, cowardly, and despicable manner as we witnessed yesterday. I never dreamed that I would see the result of terrorism with my own eyes, but yesterday that nightmare became reality. Mr. Speaker, I stand to not only support this resolution but to offer my heartfelt sympathies to the victims and their families. We may never know the full effect of this horrific event on the thousands of families impacted, but the impact will live in our hearts forever. However, we must go forward with America, her business, her enterprise, her love of freedom and justice, her destiny to be the beacon of democracy in our world. Yesterday's events will never be forgotten, but they will not deter us. We have heard the word faith used many times today. Mr. Speaker, behind you are the words ``In God We Trust.'' As the psalmist has written, ``God is our refuge and strength, an ever-present help in trouble. Therefore I will not fear.'' Mr. Speaker, I have full confidence that our President will hold accountable those who were responsible and ensure they pay the ultimate price for the evil they have wrought. We in Congress should provide all the means of support available to help in the search and the rescue efforts, the recovery efforts, and the rebuilding of the damaged and destroyed structures, as well as the investigation to find the criminals responsible. Mr. Speaker, this can never happen again. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Texas (Mr. Sandlin). Mr. SANDLIN. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time. Today, we stand. Reflecting on the chill of yesterday with the silence of death and the stench of terrorism in the air, we stand. We stand united. We stand committed. We stand determined. We stand confident. We stand, and we shall overcome. Edmund Burke once said, ``All that is necessary for evil to triumph is for good men to do nothing.'' Mr. Terrorist, make no mistake about it, we will act. We will be patient but deliberate. We will be open but focused. We will not seek senseless revenge, but we will insist on justice. And justice will be decisive, swift, compelling, horrible, and justified. Woe be to those that call evil good. Woe be to the terrorists who claim some sort of victory today. Woe be to the murderers who celebrate the killing of innocent people. You will soon be dancing to a very different tune. You terrorists will find no hysteria here. You will find no fear. We are in no ways tired. In fact, we speak with a united voice and stand behind our President who said that those who took part in this horrible act and those who harbor these criminals will be held accountable. Today, as we seek solace from the icy pain of yesterday, do not seek God in the churches, temples, or mosques of this country; do not seek justice in the halls of Congress or in our courtrooms. For God is in the streets and homes of America. Justice is in the wings of the world theater, preparing to be released in a focused fury. Harriet Tubman, once complimented on her humanitarian efforts, responded, ``'Twasn't me. 'Twas the Lord. I always told him, `I trust to you. I don't know where to go or what to do, but I expect you to lead me,' and he always did.'' We can expect that same leadership today. Thank God we live in America. May he bless this country and our efforts. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Tennessee (Mr. Duncan), a member of the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Mr. DUNCAN. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time. I rise in the strongest possible support of this resolution and to condemn the cowards who perpetrated these horrendous acts against the people of the United States; certainly what many people say is the darkest day in American history. I believe we must do everything humanly possible to find out who is responsible for these acts of terror and take the strongest possible action against them. We need to show the world in a very determined and dramatic way that we will not stand for this type of senseless violence. I will support the President in taking the strongest possible action against the cruel and cowardly terrorists who are responsible for yesterday's tragedies, as well as any country which offers safe harbor to these inhuman thugs. Most importantly, right now, Mr. Speaker, our sympathy should go out in the most heartfelt way to the families of those who have fallen victim to these unspeakable tragic events. The American public and the world should know that this Congress, working closely with the administration, will not rest until these mass murderers are brought to swift decisive justice and punishment. We must recognize that there are fundamental security problems in our country that allow such incomprehensible events to take place. We need to work with the FAA, the Department of Transportation, as well as the airlines to secure our airports and our airplanes against people who would cause such destruction. I have spent the last 6 years as chairman of the House Subcommittee on Aviation. We need to immediately [[Page 16802]] place U.S. marshals or other law enforcement officials on all commercial flights. We also need to focus more resources on and do more detailed background screens on the men and women who are the security screeners in the airports across our country. We need to make it impossible for terrorists to compromise the cockpits of our airliners by retrofitting all aircraft with an impenetrable barrier between the cockpits and passenger cabins. Most importantly, we must restore the confidence of the flying public in the security and integrity of our commercial aviation infrastructure. Mr. Speaker, I urge support for this resolution. It is the least we can do, and we all need to join together in supporting those who have suffered so much in these horrible tragedies. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Louisiana (Mr. John). Mr. JOHN. Mr. Speaker, it is with a heavy heart that I rise today to offer my condolences to the families from across our great nation who are coping with the grief of yesterday's tragic events. Terrorists have broken our hearts, but they have not broken our resolve. Yesterday, we were a nation in shock. Today, we are a Nation in mourning. And while we are numb in disbelief, America is not paralyzed. Our brave rescue workers are still finding survivors and providing hope for all Americans. Our faith in God is providing Americans with solace. And, Mr. Speaker, this Congress will support and give the President all the resources he requires to provide Americans with justice. The diabolical sophistication of yesterday's attacks point to a well- coordinated conspiracy of evil and it took considerable organization in plan and implementation. We stand here tonight united as a Congress and as a nation in telling the world that we will not leave one stone unturned until we find and punish these terrorists and their supporters. America is still a nation of heroes. The men and women who gave their lives yesterday in an attempt to rescue others is a statement to the courage and bravery of everyday people when faced with enormous challenges. Mr. Speaker, as I stand here tonight surrounded by my colleagues in Congress, I have never been more sure of myself that America is up to the challenges that lay beyond. America will forever be changed because of yesterday's attacks, but we will be a stronger, not a weaker Nation for them. God bless America. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I would like to inquire as to how much time remains. The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Simpson). The gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Smith) has 27 minutes remaining, and the gentleman from California (Mr. Lantos) has 5 minutes remaining. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that during consideration of H.J. Res. 61, pursuant to the order of the House earlier today, debate on the joint resolution be extended 2 hours equally divided and controlled by the chairman or his designee and the ranking minority member of the Committee on International Relations. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from New Jersey? There was no objection. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from California (Mr. Thomas), chairman of the Committee on Ways and Means. Mr. THOMAS. Mr. Speaker, along with everyone else, I support this resolution. However, mentally, I want everyone to know that I will assume it is a declaration of war. I believe that from a mental set a declaration of war is what we need. First, it will allow us to use any and all means necessary to strike at any group or government when facts support it and do it in a wartime mentality. Secondly, believing this resolution is a declaration of war I think creates a mental framework which we need as a society. We need to reach out in meaningful ways, in sustaining ways, to aid those who have suffered personal tragedy. We need to strengthen our economy to sustain our people, and understand that property damage can be repaired, that economic strength will be the key not only to carrying out the fight against those who have perpetrated these deeds, but also to make sure that we have available all of our resources. This will not be a short fight. It will be a long and difficult one. We need all of the resources available to us, moral, religious, and economic; and I will be looking at short-term, medium-term, and long- term responses to this. So that from a military point of view, from an economic point of view, and from a sustaining societal and nurturing point of view, we will not just use words against our enemies, we will have real arrows in our quiver. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield such time as she may consume to the gentlewoman from Texas (Ms. Eddie Bernice Johnson). Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of this resolution. Mr. Speaker, I rise to stand in solidarity with the people of America and to speak out against the senseless, horrendous tragedies of September 11, 2001. It is a day that will live in infamy. There are no words, no pictures, no sentiments that can express the magnitude of the evil that showed itself yesterday. My heart and my thoughts go out to the families of those who were murdered, and to all those affected. The love of the people of this great country embraces the spirit of those heroes who gave their lives trying to save others. Those glorious Americans, who worked at the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, members of the Police and Fire Departments and EMS, represent the best of America. We should all the humbled by their sacrifices. I would like to pay a special tribute to the American Airlines family. They are unique contributors to Dallas-Fort Worth. They are unique contributors to America. They are a part of all of our lives. They are a part of our souls. We honor the lives they lived as Americans. Let it be known, that the United States Congress will stop at nothing, and at no time, to protect our citizens. Let it be known, that the United States of America will never, ever, cower to terrorists and never give up our way of life. Let it be known that Americans may disagree as Americans, but we are all one American family. Most importantly, let it be known that we will, we will, we will bring those responsible for the horrors of terrorism to complete justice. Our flags are at half-mast, but out heads are high as Americans. America is a great nation, and our freedom will ring loudly forever. May God Bless America. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from Florida (Ms. Brown). Ms. BROWN of Florida. Mr. Speaker, God bless America. Yesterday, on September 11, for the first time in 175 years, the capital of the world's greatest military power was attacked by a cowardly and totally spineless enemy. We, the United States, the leader of the free world, the country that saved Europe from Nazi Germany, the country that had the courage to stand up to communism and dictatorships worldwide, the one Nation in the world looked to for leadership cannot submissively stand by while our Nation is attacked. This was a well-organized and thought-out attack and it demands a well-organized and powerful response. Members of these fanatical groups cannot go unpunished, nor will this nation support them. Those nations that give them shelter, weapons, support and training, we will deliver a swift and immediate response to this horrible act. Congress and the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure must take steps to implement new safety standards for air travel and, in fact, all modes of transportation. I have received numerous calls today from pilots saying that we have to absolutely secure the cockpits on our airplanes and that we need to put U.S. marshals on each and every plane again just as we did in the 1990s. My heart and prayers go out to the families of the victims, and I want to commend the volunteers and emergency personnel on their great efforts. How can you help? I am donating blood tomorrow and asking my constituents to do the same. For all the people out [[Page 16803]] there that are watching, if you have any information that could assist this ongoing investigation, please call the FBI hot line. In closing, I want to make it clear, whether we are a Democrat, a Republican, male or female, black or white, we stand behind the Commander in Chief. War has been declared against the American people, and you are either with us or against us. There is no in between. {time} 2030 Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Louisiana (Mr. Tauzin), the distinguished chairman of the Committee on Energy and Commerce. Mr. TAUZIN. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of this resolution. I, like all of my colleagues, suffer with the inconsolable grief of all our countrymen who watched the horrific death and destruction visited on our Nation yesterday. But we also watched with humility and admiration the amazing acts of courage and sacrifice and heroism of firemen and rescue workers and police, both here in this city and New York City; and we pray for all of them tonight. There are criminal acts and there are acts of war. Criminal acts are answered in court within the judicial system. Acts of war are answered militarily. Yesterday was an act of war; and there will be a military response. You know it. It is coming. Those who have visited that destruction upon America yesterday had better get themselves ready for it. But there were other criminal acts yesterday that I want to talk about tonight, and I want to talk to those criminals. There is no shortage of gasoline in this country. There is no shortage of crude oil. Every one of you who jacked the price up yesterday to $3 and $4 and $5 and took advantage of Americans who suffer with all us in this crisis are petty criminals, and you ought to be in the hoosegow and you will be. The Department of Energy, FTC, Attorney General, the Department of Justice have all issued warnings today that they are investigating. Crude oil stocks are up. Gasoline supplies are up. Production is up. Imports are up. OPEC has guaranteed their reserves to us if we need them. Every country in OPEC unanimously did. The major oil companies have frozen their prices, both at the wholesale and retail level. Any one of you out there price-gouging Americans in this crisis are not just criminals, you are aiding and abetting the terrorists who hit us yesterday; and you ought to spend a few days in the pokey. God bless this country. We will get through this; but we need to stand together as patriots, not as petty criminals. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the gentlewoman from Wisconsin (Ms. Baldwin). Ms. BALDWIN. Mr. Speaker, each and every day I am humbled to serve as a Member of the United States Congress. I am humbled by the honor of representing my Wisconsin constituents. I am humbled by the privilege to serve this great Nation. I love this country. I cherish our freedoms. I have great regard for the leadership and courage that has been demonstrated in these very Chambers throughout our Nation's history from its birth onward. Time and time again our Nation has risen to the challenges posed by evil, violence, intolerance, and injustice. These were challenges of immense proportions, and we did not shrink from them. Of course, all of us hoped that these sorts of challenges, these attacks on our very own soil were part of our Nation's history, not our Nation's present or future. Most Americans yesterday and today saw television images that will be indelibly inscribed in their minds and consciences. In New York, Pennsylvania, and our Nation's capital, other Americans witnessed these tragedies firsthand. Our Nation and our Nation's families have suffered unimaginably from the unspeakable evil acts of yesterday. We will not shrink from facing this challenge either. I have been so deeply moved by the capacity of the American people to respond to this crisis. Words cannot express the gratitude that I feel and want to convey to our Nation's emergency workers, the paramedics, nurses, doctors, firefighters, police officers, members of National Guard and so many others. Words are also inadequate to express the depth of the sympathy that I want to share with the victims and their families. I join all my colleagues in condemning these despicable acts. We must bring the perpetrators to justice. The greatness of this country in our own eyes and the eyes of the world is the promise that we will act against the perpetrators only when we are certain of their culpability. I also know that it is the American people, our freedoms and our democracy that make this Nation great. Our constitutional liberties shall not be sacrificed in our search for greater security, for that is what our enemies and all enemies of freedom and democracy hope to achieve. I have never been more deeply moved to live in the land of the free and the home of the brave. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to the gentleman from Washington (Mr. Nethercutt). Mr. NETHERCUTT. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of House Joint Resolution 61. Mr. Speaker, in the course of human events, there are moments that so impact the progression of world history, that the character of all people becomes imbued with the solemn understanding that life will never be the same. The terrorist events that transpired on September 11, 2001, collectively create a most infamous moment in the history of the United States of America. These cowardly acts of destruction were intended to strike fear in the American spirit with the hope that our Nation will retreat from its policies and obligations overseas. If these perpetrators chose to study American history rather than how to manifest hate and destruction, they would realize the futility of their actions and know that there is one choice we cannot and will not make. America will never choose the path of submission. Our hearts have been pierced by tragedy and weep for those lost souls and their families of America's worst disaster. Throughout American history, our lands and others have been turned red by the blood of those who defended America's character. Now, in modern times, the urban streets of two great cities share this unfortunate distinction. America's story is one of providence. Over the last 225 years, God and truth, combined with American courage and spirit, have allowed us to triumph in every honorable national struggle placed before us. There is a resilience in our country that transcends tragedy. Those who repudiate reason--and twist it to such ghastly ends as these--do not deserve the gift of life. Their actions cannot be allowed to triumph over freedom and democracy. We must pray to God that they will not. A war of terrorism has been declared against America, and more has been attacked than just our great land. I support President Bush's initiative to mobilize our national military forces, and forces around the world which love freedom, in order to push terrorism from the face of the world. Foreign states that facilitate, harbor, employ, or conveniently turn a blind eye to those who engage in missions of terror, should suffer the consequences of their misguided judgement. America's immigration policy, our governmental law enforcement resources, and our military capabilities must be bolstered to meet our national challenge. The sense of heightened patriotism being exhibited as a result of this tragedy will assist the efforts being called for from all corners of our nation to exact justice. It also gives us the chance to pay tribute to the firefighters, police, rescue crews, medical teams, survivors and supporters alike who are the true heroes of the day. The families of those who perished deserve our prayers and deep sympathies. As in all difficulties in life, our faith as a great nation and a spiritual people will lead us through the fog of sadness and death, into the light of freedom and peace. As Americans, we can accept nothing less. God bless our great Nation. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to the gentleman from Louisiana (Mr. McCrery). Mr. McCRERY. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of House Joint Resolution 61. This resolution expresses clearly the sentiment not only of this Congress, but the sentiment of the American people. It condemns the despicable actions of terrorists who planned and carried out the attacks yesterday against the people of the United States. It extends the [[Page 16804]] condolences of all our citizens to the victims and their families, commends the heroic actions of the fireman, police, and other rescue workers who responded to these tragic events, and underscores the resolve of all of us in America and many others around the world to fight and win this war against terrorism. Mr. Speaker, it is important to note that so many Members of Congress are speaking for their constituents in support of this resolution, and that they are speaking, not as Republican or Democrats, liberals of conservatives. Easterner or Westerner, but as Americans. It is this unity of spirit, singularity of purpose, and faith in our destiny as purveyors of freedom which will see us through this and lead us to victory. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from South Carolina (Mr. Graham), a member of the Committee on the Judiciary and the Committee on Armed Services. Mr. GRAHAM. Mr. Speaker, from what I hear on television, we may have found our first example of how America will rise to the occasion. Apparently, the passengers on United Flight 93, the Pennsylvania flight, were talking to their relatives and the picture was becoming clear to them what their fate was about to be. The story goes, according to recent reports, that one of the passengers told his wife that we just voted among ourselves to take on the hijackers. I think that gives the best example of what awaits the terrorists. We will soon vote here, Republicans and Democrats. We will vote to take on the terrorists who tried to destroy freedom and our way of life. Our allies today in NATO voted to consider the attack on the United States as an attack on NATO. The message that was trying to be sent by the fanatics who orchestrated this I am not sure of, but the message we are going to send them will be very clear. Our forefathers defeated tyranny; so shall we. Mr. Speaker, the story goes when the staff of Admiral Yamamoto congratulated him on the bombing of Pearl Harbor, he replied, ``I am afraid all we have done is awoken a sleeping giant.'' Mr. Speaker, that is exactly what happened yesterday. America sleeps no more. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Indiana (Mr. Visclosky). Mr. VISCLOSKY. Mr. Speaker, my thoughts and prayers go out to those who have lost loved ones and family members in this evil and barbaric act. We as a Nation cannot tolerate these kinds of attacks on American citizens. Today we must first pledge our unwavering support for those involved in the search and rescue missions underway in Washington, D.C. and New York City. Law enforcement officers, firefighters, doctors, nurses, rescue workers have committed thousands of selfless acts to help those injured. Secondly, we must persevere in the fight against the enemies of freedom and democracy, as we have in the past. It took the United States over 4 years to win the Second World War, and more than 40 years to win the Cold War. All Americans must now display the same patience and strong resolve in the war against terrorism. We have a moral obligation to seek out these craven individuals, wherever they may hide, to destroy them and their organizations so they may no longer kill, maim or injure innocent people in the future. America and its people are good and just. Our democracy is strong, and the good we do will prevail in the end. We live in a free and civilized society. Our resolve tonight and tomorrow and forever must be to permanently establish these values across the globe. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Kentucky (Mr. Fletcher), a member of the Committee on the Budget, the Committee on Agriculture, and the Committee on Energy and Commerce. Mr. FLETCHER. Mr. Speaker, I rise to address this honorable body. Words fail to fully express our grief and fall short of describing our resolve as we respond to this act of barbary and violence against the free and innocent. Throughout our Nation's history, we along with the world watch and witness that during the darkest hours, America unites with exemplary character, strength and bravery. We witness a diverse Nation pulling together with tireless compassion towards those fallen, wounded and grieving. We also feel the swelling strength of a government, united to ensure that evil is answered with the goodness of justice so that freedom's peace and security prevail. Our prayers and resources are with all those grieving, and our gratitude and full support is with all of the men and women engaged in this unrelenting endeavor against the evil terror of those who harbor hate and violence. We reaffirm our unwavering support of President Bush and his able staff. We also extend our gratitude to NATO and other free and friendly nations who join us in our resolve to destroy not only the branches but the very roots of these intolerable acts of terror. Across from the battered walls of the Pentagon lay the graves of those who have given their all for freedom. By our resolve, we honor them, as well as all the fallen we now grieve, that none of these shall have died in vain; and that from their loss, we will once again have successfully defended freedom and justice, not only for our Nation but for the world. Mr. Speaker, we have witnessed an act of war, and we must now respond accordingly. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from California (Ms. Solis), my good friend and colleague. Ms. SOLIS. Mr. Speaker, today I would like to express my sorrow, my horror, my anger about yesterday's attacks on the United States democracy. I offer my most sincere condolences to the victims and their families. I offer my support to the President, and to the many Federal, State and local agencies that are taking part in the ongoing investigation and rescue efforts. Today I stand with the entire United States Congress, and perhaps most importantly, stand alongside every other American citizen in a united and indivisible defense of our freedom. We know that our democracy will not falter during this test. Our democratic foundations, our government, and our people are too strong. Finally, I want to acknowledge the outpouring of sympathy and assistance the American people have generously provided during this crisis. My thoughts, my prayers and encouragement, are with the missing fire fighters in New York and the many rescue teams, the military and medical personnel here and in New York. Mr. Speaker, I ask the American public to continue donating blood and continue to fly our American flags. Continue to stand as one Nation, under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Tennessee (Mr. Bryant), a former U.S. Attorney and a member of the Committee on Energy and Commerce. Mr. BRYANT. Mr. Speaker, it has been a long and difficult 36 hours since the first airplane crashed into the tower of the World Trade Center yesterday. I rise in support of this motion, as has practically every Member of this House today, to show the resolve of this body that we will finish what the terrorists began yesterday. Make no mistake about it, the surprise attack that we had yesterday was the product of cowards, outlaws within a civilized world. Hijacking airplanes containing innocent men, women and children and crashing them into an office building at a time when large numbers of workers were present were the pathetic acts of insane minds, illegitimate by any standard. Those responsible for this attack, especially those aiders and abettors, will feel the full power of the United States and her citizens. I join with the President, Congress, world leaders, and the American people in blanket condemnation of all involved in this ruthless conspiracy. And as more facts develop and become known, we must also recognize those in the airplanes, some known, such as Tom Burnett and others, some forever unknown, who tried to prevent [[Page 16805]] yesterday's heinous crimes and mitigated those crimes and became heroes in doing such, as well as recognizing the hundreds and hundreds of heroes now working to save lives both in New York and here at the Pentagon. {time} 2045 The United States will not stand for terrorism on its soil and we will join together to fight it. Terrorism's goal is to disrupt life and make people fearful. But fanatic acts of these extremists will fail as we continue on with our lives with even more resolve. Our great Nation will come together around this tragedy because our freedom, as said earlier by one of our leaders, our freedom is our strength, not our weakness. Let me just echo what the gentleman from South Carolina (Mr. Graham) said a few speakers ago about Pearl Harbor. When it was attacked, President Roosevelt said it was a day that would live in infamy. That generation of Americans, which can be argued was our greatest, rose to the occasion and a sleeping giant was awakened. Now we have yet another day that will forever be burned into the minds and hearts of Americans, and again a sleeping giant has been awakened. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am very pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Vermont (Mr. Sanders), my good friend and distinguished colleague. Mr. SANDERS. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me the time. Mr. Speaker, on behalf of the people of the State of Vermont, I rise and in the strongest possible terms condemn the unspeakable acts which were perpetrated yesterday by cowardly terrorists. I also wish to express my condolences for the thousands of families who are suffering tonight from their losses on the four planes that went down, the losses at the World Trade Center and at the Pentagon. Mr. Speaker, the goal of terrorism is to demoralize people and to create fear, uncertainty, and instability. Our Nation must not succumb to that and give terrorists that victory. Tonight we grieve for the incredible and horrendous loss of life that we suffered yesterday. It is unprecedented in the modern history of our country. But tonight we also pledge to capture and punish all of those who are responsible for this despicable deed. There is no difference of opinion on that issue in this Congress or in this country. Mr. Speaker, the world must know and will know that those who committed these unspeakable crimes will not get away with it. As we go forward in this effort, we must also be calm and focused and be thinking long term on how to defeat this terrible evil. We must also be thinking about how we can work better and more effectively with law- abiding people throughout this world, because terrorism is an international crisis, and it will be solved by decent people from one end of this world to the other working together. Let me conclude by saying that we should also be extraordinarily proud and reassured by how people throughout our country and in my own State of Vermont are coming together, how they are giving blood, how they are raising funds and how they are doing everything that they can to support the victims and their families. Let us go together and we will defeat international terrorism. Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Florida (Mr. Stearns), my good friend. Mr. STEARNS. Mr. Speaker, as the smoke clears from the skies over New York City, Arlington, Virginia, and western Pennsylvania, we in Congress should not forget that we are a free society. Sweet freedom. We cannot abandon our ideals or wrap ourselves in a cocoon or isolate ourself from a world because of this senseless destruction. The resolution this evening condemns in the strongest possible terms the terrorists who tried to disrupt our country and to kill our innocent citizens. Our government cannot permit its citizens to be attacked with impunity. We as elected officials have a responsibility to protect them just as we have protected them throughout the history of this grand Republic. All of us have watched in horror the amount of destruction that has occurred. We commend the heroic action of the rescue workers, volunteers, State and local officials who responded to these tragic events with courage, determination, and skill. Our prayers are made for those whose families who suffered and lost their loved ones. Mr. Speaker, we need to send a message to those engaged in terror that we will fight and not fold. We need to stand up to them. Our struggle will not be won in a day or a month or culminate with a single victory. Victory will require us to display courage, faith, unity and determination to carry on for an indefinite time in the face of this new gray war with faceless terrorists who are on a holy war to destroy the United States. Towards that end, Mr. Speaker, I fully support House Joint Resolution 61 and look forward to supporting the President and other agencies of government as they seek to find the guilty parties. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield such time as she may consume to the gentlewoman from North Carolina (Mrs. Clayton). Mrs. CLAYTON. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time. I rise in strong support of this resolution. September 11th was a difficult day for America. It was the day that we lost our innocence. The terrorist attacks touched every American-- young and old, Democrat and Republican, urban and rural, and persons of every ethnic background. Beyond the death and destruction, we also are touched with despair. Our children and grandchildren are asking, ``Are we at war?'' and ``Will we be bombed, too?'' From the ashes of our damaged symbols of military and economic strength, we must remember that we are a strong and great nation. With courage and determination, we will confront very difficult choices. For example, against whom do we strike back? How do we protect ourselves from unidentified terrorists? How many of our individual liberties do we relinquish in order to ensure our personal safety? The attacks struck a blow not only to our citizens and buildings, but also against our values, our freedoms, our way of life. To many people around the world, the United States represents the land of opportunity and freedom. The terrorists sought to instill in us fear and insecurity. To this, we must not submit. We refuse to be victims of fear. We must take the necessary precautions to safeguard our lives and American interests, but we must not relinquish our cherished freedoms. We must identify and bring to justice those persons and organizations responsible for these tragic deeds, but we must act responsibly, consistent with our values, in conjunction with our friends and allies, and in accordance with international laws. Let us draw closer together, as Americans, behind our President, and boldly face the challenges ahead. Let us honor those whose lives were tragically taken by these terrorist attacks, and those who lost their lives in rescue efforts to save lives. Let us also honor those many volunteers who have stepped forward in the midst of this crisis to offer their time and talents in rescue efforts, crisis counseling, blood drives and other activities. Because of our people, our values and beliefs, we are a strong and resilient nation. We will recover and rebuild our broken lives, our buildings and our way of life. Let us pray that God's grace and wisdom will guide us through the difficult days ahead. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from Indiana (Ms. Carson). Ms. CARSON of Indiana. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from California for yielding me this time, an individual for whom I have the highest admiration and respect, and certainly, Mr. Speaker, with respect for those who are painfully and tragically affected by the terrorist assault on America the Beautiful. Let me simply say amen to the eloquent prose and profound statements of all of the colleagues that have preceded me in supporting this resolution. President Abraham Lincoln reminds us that the world will little note nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what happened here. The date, September 11, or 9-1-1, a day that the 911 system was perhaps [[Page 16806]] used more in the aggregate than at any time since its inception; September 11, or 9-1-1, summons the brave, the selfless, the life preservers, if they could they would. I have heard it said that perhaps airport security will include eliminating curbside baggage service. We are checking around now to see how we best enhance airport security. Does the idea of no baggage curbside check-in really enhance our well- being? What happens to the well-being of the skycaps in an idea like that? They have long been a service and fixture at airports, as long as the airports have been there themselves. Mr. Speaker, from time to time down through our history, our Nation has been tested. Certainly today our peaceful way of life is being tested again in a most cowardly fashion. So in the face of this great tragedy, it is time that we renew our prayers for peace around the world, rededicate ourselves to the work of citizenship, and sustain the quality and integrity of those who seek to serve us in the capacity of public service. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Michigan (Mr. Smith), a member of the Committee on Agriculture as well as the Committee on International Relations. Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, we have talked and dedicated ourselves to making sure that we identify and capture the perpetrators, that these atrocities cannot be tolerated in a free society, and that for the sake of not only America but for the rest of the world, we need to be very aggressive and dedicated in the effort that we are about to undertake. Also, as chairman of the committee that oversees the Federal Fire Administration, I would like to take a moment to speak about the Nation's first responders, the firefighters, the emergency medical personnel, the police who were first to arrive at the scene and certainly the last to leave such a scene in situations as happened at the Pentagon and in New York and also south of Pittsburgh. As the Nation mourns the deaths of hundreds and probably many thousands of our fellow citizens, as we take stock of the destruction caused by yesterday's terrorist attacks, we should also pause for a moment to reflect on the brave men and women who put their lives on the line every day in every small town and suburb and every big city across the country. We have all been deeply moved by the tragic scenes at the Pentagon, Pennsylvania, and especially New York. But we can be proud that in a time of great peril, the Nation's first responders answered the call, conducting themselves with bravery, with dedication that does credit to themselves, their city, and their country. It has been reported that over 202 New York firefighters and 57 police officers may have perished at the World Trade Center, a tragic loss. Witnesses said that as they were running down the stairs to escape the burning building, they passed New York firefighters running up those stairs to put out fires and to assist other people stuck on higher floors. Just imagine that for a moment. With fire and smoke all around, with a 110-story building buckling from intense heat, these firefighters ignored their own safety to help people they did not know but who were in great need of help, their help. Under such horrible conditions, who could have blamed them for abandoning the burning building? But instead of turning their backs on people in need, they faced the danger head-on because that is their job. We may never know how many lives they saved, but we do know that many people would not be alive today but for the bravery and sacrifice of these dedicated men and women. Their deaths cannot be in vain. We have an obligation to ensure that they get the support they need, God forbid, should they be called on again to deal with a terrorist attack. They represent the very best of America, and our Nation owes them and their families a debt of profound gratitude. We in this House and across America mourn for these heroes and we pray for their families. We cannot bring them back but we can promise their loved-ones this: The terrorists who were responsible for these depraved acts will pay for them. They can run, but then cannot hide. And they will pay. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am delighted to yield 2 minutes to my neighbor, good friend, and distinguished colleague, the gentlewoman from Hawaii (Mrs. Mink). Mrs. MINK of Hawaii. I thank the gentleman from California (Mr. Lantos) for yielding me time. Mr. Speaker, I rise tonight overwhelmed by indescribable grief and sorrow. A taking of any innocent life is an atrocity. A taking of hundreds is a massacre of monumental proportions. Yesterday, a massacre of unthinkable numbers occurred. The World Trade Center and the Pentagon were deliberate targets of fanatics. These terrorists hijacked four commercial airliners. They slammed three of these planes into these buildings, knowing the mayhem and chaos that this destruction would cause. As a Nation, we are left emotionally speechless at the loss of so many innocent lives. We are numbed by the number of firefighters, police, and other volunteers who plunged into the burning buildings to save lives and who lost their lives in the process. We are stunned by the courage of those who called from the airplanes. A call from that ill-fated plane that crashed in the fields near Pittsburgh may have been the fourth suicide plane headed to the Capitol. {time} 2100 We may not have been in New York City or anywhere near the Pentagon, but all who witnessed these attacks on television knew then we were living in a terrible new world. Our resolve today is to root out the perpetrators of this heinous plot to destroy us. We must explore all avenues to make sure that this can never happen again. We must not surrender until the country is made safe again for our children and for their families. Every place in America has lost loved ones in this national tragedy. No community is immune to this loss. I am advised that four Hawaii residents may be among the casualty lists. One is listed missing in the rubble of the World Trade Center, the other three in airplanes in which they were passengers on the way to the West Coast. I cannot reveal their names, as I am advised that not all the families have yet been notified. My heart goes out to all the lost loved ones throughout the country in this national nightmare. The human toll will undoubtedly mount over the next few days, and our lives will be forever changed. Today we mourn those lives that were lost in this diabolical act of vengeance against our way of life. So long as we continue to stand for freedom and democracy, these enemies will not succeed. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from North Carolina (Mr. Coble), the chairman of the Subcommittee on Courts, the Internet, and Intellectual Property of the Committee on the Judiciary. Mr. COBLE. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me time. Mr. Speaker, ruthless, cowardly, insensitive, uncaring, evil, wicked, fanatical; words cannot describe the events of yesterday. I spoke to the Judicial Conference at the Supreme Court yesterday morning. Just prior to my speech, the Chief Justice handed me a note indicating that the Pentagon had been attacked and was then afire. I knew then that life in the United States had been drastically altered. Sandy Bradshaw, a 38-year-old flight attendant who resided in North Carolina's Sixth Congressional District, walked on the United Flight 93 yesterday to work her shift. Thousands of other Americans reported to their respective jobs yesterday as well. Neither Sandy, Mr. Speaker, nor many of these other thousands will ever report for work again. Their lives were snuffed out yesterday. These losses will not have been in vain, however. These ruthless criminals will be identified and duly punished. Our thoughts and prayers are extended to all who suffered losses yesterday. Mr. Speaker, these thugs who yesterday inflicted this pain upon us, concluding that we would not respond to [[Page 16807]] these acts, they counted on our not responding, I say to them tonight, do not count on it. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am delighted to yield 2\1/2\ minutes to my good friend, the distinguished gentlewoman from Ohio (Ms. Kaptur). Ms. KAPTUR. Mr. Speaker, I thank our able leaders, the gentleman from California (Mr. Lantos) and the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Smith), and rise in strong support of this bipartisan resolution condemning yesterday's reprehensible acts of terrorism perpetrated against the people of the United States and freedom-loving people everywhere. Americans stand united in our firm resolve to seek out those responsible for this carnage and to bring them to justice before the entire international community. Our citizenry's valor, their order, and their dignity in face of this overwhelming tragedy shines to the whole world. Across America, our people are helping one another, honoring the dead, healing the injured, donating blood, picking up the wreckage and building for a new day. Across our world, words of encouragement pour into our Capitol. Tonight I wish to read some of these words into the record. From Russia: Dear Congresswoman: All of us in Russia, just the same as throughout the world, express our deepest condolences over the terrible losses suffered in the United States. We believe that this tragedy affects us all. We share the pain of the lost lives and know that we must unite our efforts to do everything in our power for this to never happen again. We should forget about all our differences, and focus together on the critical issues that need to be resolved in the world today. Our prayers are with you.--Andrei and all your other brothers and sisters in Russia. From Ukraine's Roman Catholic Vicar General, Bishop Stanislaw Szyrokoradiuk: Dear Congresswoman Kaptur: I would like to present to You and through You--to all American people--our condolences because of the terrible tragedy that has stricken the whole world. We have been very shaken to know about a series of acts of terrorism that happened in the United States of America yesterday. It has been an awful blow by its cruelty and scale that struck not only USA but all humanity. I received this notice during spiritual retreats in our Higher Spiritual Seminary in Vorzel, where all priests of our Diocese came. As a sign of our unity and sympathy in your grief we celebrated Holy Mass for the souls of the departed and prayed for all victims. May the Lord strengthen them by His grace that they may outlive this horrible disaster. In all our churches there are Divine Services and prayers said for the souls of the departed victims and for all those who have suffered. These days our hearts and our prayers are with your people. Sincerely yours, Bishop Stanislaw Shyrokoradiuk, The Roman Catholic Vicar General of Ukraine. From Western Europe: I cannot find the words to describe our feelings about what happened in NY and Washington! Our thoughts are with you and all American people. While obviously it's difficult to go forward together, it's the only way! Hope that nobody of your relatives/friends will be amongst the victims. Warm regards, Roos & Gerard. From Canada: America: The Good Neighbor This Canadian thinks it is time to speak up for the Americans as the most generous and possibly the least appreciated people on all the earth. Germany, Japan and, to a lesser extent, Britain and Italy were lifted out of the debris of war by the Americans who poured in billions of dollars and forgave other billions in debts. None of these countries is today paying even the interest on its remaining debts to the United States. When France was in danger of collapsing in 1956, it was the Americans who propped it up, and their reward was to be insulted and swindled on the streets of Paris. I was there. I saw it. When earthquakes hit distant cities, it is the United States that hurries to help. This spring, 59 American communities were flattened by tornadoes. Nobody helped. The Marshall Plan and the Truman Policy pumped billions of dollars into discouraged countries. Now newspapers in those countries are writing about the decadent, warmongering Americans. I'd like to see just one of those countries that is gloating over the erosion of the United States dollar build its own airplane. Does any other country in the world have a plane to equal the Boeing Jumbo Jet, the Lockheed Tri-Star, or the Douglas DC10? If so, why don't they fly them? Why do all the International lines except Russia fly American Planes? Why does no other land on earth even consider putting a man or woman on the moon? You talk about Japanese technocracy, and you get radios. You talk about German technocracy, and you get automobiles. You talk about American technocracy, and you find men on the moon--not once, but several times--and safely home again. You talk about scandals, and the Americans put theirs right in the store window for everybody to look at. Even their draft-dodgers are not pursued and hounded. They are here on our streets, and most of them, unless they are breaking Canadian laws, are getting American dollars from ma and pa at home to spend here. When the railways of France, Germany and India were breaking down through age, it was the Americans who rebuilt them. When the Pennsylvania Railroad and the New York Central went broke, nobody loaned them an old caboose. Both are still broke. I can name you 5000 times when the Americans raced to the help of other people in trouble. Can you name me even one time when someone else raced to the Americans in trouble? I don't think there was outside help even during the San Francisco earthquake. Our neighbors have faced it alone, and I'm one Canadian who is damned tired of hearing them get kicked around. They will come out of this thing with their flag high. And when they do, they are entitled to thumb their nose at the lands that are gloating over their present troubles. I hope Canada is not one of those. Stand proud, America! Wear it proudly!! From an elderly and disabled constituent from our district: She can't give blood or send money, but has been trying to think what she could do to help in this situation. It came to her that everybody should fly their flag. It's a visible sign of our support of our nation and the perseverance of the citizens. Also all the tv and radio stations could be asked to play the national anthem once all at the same time. She's asking Marcy to ``get the word out'' so people could be asked to do this. May we? From Arab-American Muslims in my community, the strong resolution of condemnation that no political cause could ever be assisted by such immoral acts: We Deplore the Attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon We strongly condemn this morning's plane attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon and express deep sorrow for Americans that were injured and killed. We sends out our condolence to all victims of this cowardly terrorist attack. There is no cause that justifies this type of an immoral and inhumane act that has affected so many innocent American lives. We support all efforts of the investigation in order to track down the people responsible for this tragic act of terrorism. ``Arab And American Muslims utterly condemn what are apparently vicious and cowardly acts of terrorism against innocent civilians. We join with all Americans in calling for the swift apprehension and punishment of the perpetrators. No Political cause could ever be assisted by such immoral acts.'' Hussein H. Shousher. From a Technical Sergeant at our Toledo Air National Guard, who suggests new safety technologies on airplanes using Internet video surveillance: In light of today's unfortunate events, I have formulated a logical solution to help prevent future catastrophes involving hijackings. An internet video surveillance system. The equipment to record movement and post to the internet is already available from http://www.x10.com/, and x10.com has been delivering affordable internet tools since 1997. I'm sure with a few simple adjustments, and an FCC pipe to the internet a plane could be equipped with the same surveillance system as a house. The system could continually post updates to the internet where the video could be monitored for the safety of the passengers and people on the ground. This would be a deterrent for future attacks. It would give passengers some peace of mind. And it would give us the opportunity to strike back and bring a commercial plane down before it was close enough to crash into a building that thousands of people were working in. I would be happy to help out with the development and installation of such a life-saving device. Thank you. Joseph A. Poirier, Toledo Air National Guard. From a constituent who e-mailed us: Dear Marcy. Some thoughts about what may be some of the gifts of this tragedy. I am grateful for the heart you have always brought to your leadership. Please lead for us in a new way. Find the power in collaboration. Power to create [[Page 16808]] amazing solutions by bringing your differences together and relinquishing outcomes based on self-interest. Listen to each other and learn what the listening will teach. Let debate and fear-based grasping for power cease. Discover how to be powerful in coming together in dialogue and collaboration. Your singing on the steps of a sacred place of American government has far more substance and potential in it than patriotism stoked by attack. Lead us in learning what this tragedy can teach. Is it possible to defend us and secure the world community without adding to the fire of terror and violence? Just asking ourselves the question and hearing what comes forth might yield vital new methods to add to the old. This is a time when we can see who we are. Help us reflect the best of ourselves back to each other. The American people are responding to each other with such generosity and full hearts. A new world order may be able to emerge as we look at what generates order in the middle of chaos. We are watching it as we look at our television sets today. You are in my thoughts and prayers. Nancy Harshman. The outpouring of good will over evil is evident in every act, every letter, every call, every encounter. America will surmount this new test of her will and her freedom. God bless America. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Kentucky (Mr. Whitfield), who has waited for hours to get to the floor to speak, a Member of the Committee on Energy and Commerce. Mr. WHITFIELD. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me time. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of this resolution. Yesterday's treacherous acts of demented minds led to families shattered, dreams crushed, lives lost, unwritten futures tragically ended. Immediately though came America's reaction. Rescuers charged into doomed buildings, police braved falling debris to aid the wounded. Evil attacked yesterday; America withstood the assault. Those shocking images of smoke and dust came down to this: a father gone; a wife, a sister, gone. As sure as the famous towers in which they worked, gone, too, the passengers and airline crews en route to California and elsewhere. Nationwide, people rushed to blood banks, eager to have their own blood flow into the veins of those wounded by an unknown enemy. Let that enemy note that this nation of many people is often at odds, but under pressure is united. A blow against one is a blow against all. Let the enemy know, America will respond. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2\1/2\ minutes to my good friend and valued colleague, the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Andrews). Mr. ANDREWS. Mr. Speaker, generations of American school children will read and study about September 11, 2001. In their history, they will see that Americans across our land are manifesting the spirit of their chosen God in millions of acts of compassion and mercy. In their history, they will hear of the heroic efforts of firefighters, EMTs and EMS personnel, police officers and medical personnel. They will read this history, but, in the next few days, we will write that history. Let that history show that we came together, we found the organizations that were responsible for the acts of terror against our people and our country yesterday, and we found any nations who participated or permitted that terror, and we acted swiftly and destroyed those organizations and destroyed the war-making capability of those nations. Let that history show that this was the day when America said it was no longer any good in the world to play both sides of the fence when it comes to terrorism; that it was the day we said to the so-called moderate states around the world that they cannot have it both ways when it comes to terrorism. They cannot condemn terrorism with their words, but support terrorism with their prosperity, their currency and their diplomacy. Let us join together and write a history that says to those countries who are ambiguous about their support for us, that there will be no more aid, there will be no more trade, and there will be no more arms from the American people. Mr. Speaker, let us unify tonight, so that when our descendants read this history, they read this history in an America that is more strong, more free, and more safe than the one we are privileged and blessed to live in tonight. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Georgia (Mr. Norwood), a member of the Committee on Energy and Commerce. Mr. NORWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I support this resolution to condemn these terrorists. Our hearts are broken for the loss of life. We must condemn this act. We have to treat our wounded. We pray for the mortal souls of the victims, for peace and grace of the family members, and we will mourn, and we will bury our dead. Then what? These attacks have likely cost more American lives than we lost at Pearl Harbor, and in a far more cowardly manner. War has been declared on America. Now what? Do we capitulate and wait for the next terrorist attack? Do we wait for another attack on our freedom and American lives? Do we really think we can deter these barbaric acts or really prevent them? Is preventing 9 out of 10 terrorist attacks going to be enough, or do we fight back and make the price they pay for evil so high they will never again wish to attack America? They have recognized that we have a justified reluctance in waging war while still having difficulty identifying specific nations or even groups of targets, or, for that matter, even determining who to name in a declaration of war. Mr. Speaker, I urge approval of a declaration of war, granting our commander in chief his constitutional ability to prosecute a total war, not unlike maybe the 7th Congress had to deal with with President Thomas Jefferson in his fight against the terrorism of the Barbary pirates. Mr. Speaker, we have been attacked. We are at war, and we just lost a battle. Let us move this debate to the level necessary to defend our country. I urge every Member to vote for this resolution and rapidly move to the real debate to protect America. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am very pleased to yield 2 minutes to my good friend, the distinguished gentleman from Tennessee (Mr. Tanner). Mr. TANNER. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me time. Mr. Speaker, yesterday this nation, our citizens and really the entire civilized world witnessed what is arguably the most barbaric action against humankind on this Earth since the dawn of civilization, save maybe the Holocaust. Mr. Speaker, I think if anyone who has been listening for the last 6 hours or so has any doubt that this Congress, speaking on behalf of our constituents, has the total and complete resolve of them, our constituents, and this Nation, to take whatever action is necessary to revenge and to stamp out terrorism where it exists anywhere in the world, they must be reassured by what they have heard. I want to join in expressing my profound sorrow for those who lost their lives, their families, and all of the innocent people who were used as instruments of evil yesterday. I would just simply say that the resolve of this Congress and what the President said last night should send a clear and unmistakable signal all around the world that, yes, this country was changed yesterday, and, yes, the world was changed. {time} 2115 And the way it was changed, as one of the speakers before said, is that no longer will countries who harbor these terrorist organizations be able to say, we did not have anything to do with it; it was them. That will not work anymore. From now on, as far as this Member of Congress is concerned, governments are either willing to be with us in this fight, in this war against terrorism, wherever it exists in the world, or they are co-conspirators in it. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Alabama (Mr. Aderholt), [[Page 16809]] a distinguished member of the Committee on Appropriations. Mr. ADERHOLT. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time. Mr. Speaker, as we think of the most important things tonight, we think of prayer and we think of the people of this Nation. Prayer is sometimes spoken of as a thing of last resort, but is actually our primary source of strength and power before, during, and after a crisis like this one. Above all, let us pray at this time for the endurance of survivors and rescue workers in New York and at the Pentagon so that those who are trapped can be rescued and returned to their loved ones. Let us pray for the President and all of those who offer him council and advice. Mr. Speaker, we are proud beyond words of the spirit of this Nation. The Red Cross is overwhelmed with volunteers wanting to give blood. We are proud of the orderly way in which this Nation handled a day of attack and uncertainty. We all take comfort that there are still those who will give up their time and effort to those in need; and we saw that demonstrated yesterday, and we continue to see that even now. Earlier this year, I had an opportunity to visit Pearl Harbor and to visit the place where the U.S.S. Arizona was attacked on December 7, 1941. Along with the other Members of Congress who were there with me that day, we never thought that within 4 months, America would see even more loss of human life than that terrible day in 1941. My generation has actually seen very little of war. However, after yesterday, my generation knows what it is for these United States to be under direct attack. The legislation before us tonight clearly expresses how this House feels about these attacks. Furthermore, we must use our resources to make sure that as much as humanly possible, that what happened on September 11, 2001, does not happen again. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am delighted to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Rhode Island (Mr. Kennedy), my dear friend and distinguished colleague. Mr. KENNEDY of Rhode Island. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from California, and I salute him for his leadership on this issue, as I do my colleagues on the other side of the aisle. I rise in strong support of this resolution and I thank our congressional leaders for bringing it to the floor today. The images that we have witnessed on television over the past 2 days defy comprehension. As we struggle to come to grips with the devastation we have seen, we must come together in support of those who have experienced this national tragedy on a personal level. Those who have lost their loved ones have my and all of our deepest sympathies. American life as we know it was tragically changed yesterday; and yet we will not find the cowardly perpetrators of this violence if we do not take the necessary steps to make sure of it. America is not a Nation that flinches when struck, that backs down when threatened, that blinks in the face of evil. As my uncle, President Kennedy, once said, ``We stand for freedom. That is our conviction for ourselves and that is our only commitment to others. No friend, no neutral, no adversary should think otherwise.'' Our Nation will take every and all appropriate steps against those responsible for taking the lives of innocent Americans, and we will show America's enemies that they may damage our buildings and attack our citizens, but they cannot undermine our spirit. Our armed forces and our intelligence community will hunt down and root out this terrorism. The whole Federal Government is behind this, and we are united in our efforts. We will find these perpetrators, regardless of where they are and wherever they attempt to hide. America will not rest until we bring them to justice. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2\1/2\ minutes to the gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Portman), a member of the Committee on the Budget and the Committee on Ways and Means. Mr. PORTMAN. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time. Mr. Speaker, in times of such a tragedy, it is very difficult to put our thoughts into words. While our minds are busy trying to comprehend just what happened in the tragic events of yesterday, our hearts are burdened with grief. We have seen the pictures of what happened, and we are beginning to hear the heart-wrenching stories of innocent lives cut short. As President Bush said so well last night, ``Our Nation saw evil.'' But in the wake of this tragedy, we have also seen something else: the goodness of the American people and the strength of the American spirit. I think of the elderly man my wife saw yesterday afternoon placing small American flags carefully along the highway in front of the gas station where he worked. I think of a story I heard last night from a friend who said that she waited 4\1/2\ hours in line at a blood bank to be able to give blood. I think of the office worker I saw on television sometime yesterday on some TV show, one of the World Trade Center office workers, who got out of the building just before it collapsed. She said, as she was coming down the stairs, there were firefighters going up, firefighters who lost their lives, even as they fought to save the lives of others. Yes, Mr. Speaker, our Nation did see evil yesterday; but we also saw something else. In the proud display of our flag throughout this land, we saw patriotism. In the outpouring of support we saw at local blood banks, we saw compassion; and in the heroic actions of those very firefighters and rescue workers, we saw courage and sacrifice. In these noble actions around this country, some big and some small, we saw our Nation's character. Now we call on this character, both to help continue finding our fellow Americans and to track down the perpetrators of these unspeakable crimes. We must find those responsible; and when we do, they must suffer the consequences of their actions. We must always remember that though America may be attacked by terrorists, America will not be defeated. This attack may shock us, but it also unites and strengthens us. Today, our Nation stands tall, as it will continue to stand in the days and years to come, graced by God and as a beacon for freedom and justice for the entire world. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume. Before yielding to the gentleman from Illinois, I want to share with all of my colleagues a statement issued by our allies of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. ``On September 12, the North Atlantic Council met in response to the appalling attacks perpetrated yesterday against the United States. ``The Council agreed that if it is determined that this attack was directed from abroad against the United States, it shall be regarded as an action covered by Article 5 of the Washington Treaty, which states that an armed attack against one or more of the allies in Europe or North America shall be considered an attack against them all. ``The commitment to collective self-defense embodied in the Washington Treaty was first entered into in circumstances very different from those that exist now, but it remains no less valid and no less essential today, in a world subject to the scourge of international terrorism. When the Heads of State and government of NATO met in Washington in 1999, they paid tribute to the success of the Alliance in ensuring the freedom of its members during the Cold War and in making possible a Europe that was whole and free. But they also recognized the existence of a wide variety of risks to security, some of them quite unlike those that had called NATO into existence. More specifically, they condemned terrorism as a serious threat to peace and stability and reaffirmed their determination to combat it in accordance with their commitments to one another, their international commitments, and national legislation. ``Article 5 of the Washington Treaty stipulates that in the event of attacks falling within its purview, each Ally [[Page 16810]] will assist the Party that has been attacked by taking such action as it deems necessary. Accordingly, the United States' NATO allies stand ready to provide the assistance that may be required as a consequence of these acts of barbarism.'' Many of our colleagues stood up and said we stand tall. We do. But we also do not stand alone. Our NATO allies are with us. Statement by the North Atlantic Council On September 12th, the North Atlantic Council met again in response to the appalling attacks perpetrated yesterday against the United States. The Council agreed that if it is determined that this attack was directed from abroad against the United States, it shall be regarded as an action covered by Article 5 of the Washington Treaty, which states that an armed attack against one or more of the Allies in Europe or North America shall be considered an attack against them all. The commitment to collective self-defence embodied in the Washington Treaty was first entered into in circumstances very different from those that exist now, but it remains no less valid and no less essential today, in a world subject to the scourge of international terrorism. When the Heads of State and Government of NATO met in Washington in 1999, they paid tribute to the success of the Alliance in ensuring the freedom of its members during the Cold War and in making possible a Europe that was whole and free. But they also recognised the existence of a wide variety of risks to security, some of them quite unlike those that had called NATO into existence. More specifically, they condemned terrorism as a serious threat to peace and stability and reaffirmed their determination to combat it in accordance with their commitments to one another, their international commitments and national legislation. Article 5 of the Washington Treaty stipulates that in the event of attacks falling within its purview, each Ally will assist the Party that has been attacked by taking such action as it deems necessary. Accordingly, the United States' NATO Allies stand ready to provide the assistance that may be required as a consequence of these acts of barbarism. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Phelps), my friend and colleague. Mr. PHELPS. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time. I have great respect for the gentleman and his leadership on this question. I rise in support of this resolution against these terrorist acts. No words can ably express my feelings about yesterday's cowardly, barbaric assault against our country, our innocent citizens, and our open, democratic way of life. I experienced every emotion possible: anger, disgust, sorrow, fear, and even helplessness. But now, I am determined and anxious and stand ready to act. My thoughts and prayers are with the victims and family members of those whose lives were lost in these horrible terrorist acts. I, like all citizens, am outraged and sickened by this unprovoked attack and will stand with the President to find those responsible and to bring swift punishment for these reprehensible acts of violence. Mr. Speaker, we must not let these attacks on our country weaken our resolve to maintain a free and open society that all countries can emulate. We must now show the world that our country will continue to stand strong in the face of tragedy. We must show the cowards responsible that they will not win. If we place our faith in God, pray for wisdom, and pray that God be our pilot, we will succeed and be victorious. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentlewoman from West Virginia (Mrs. Capito), who is a member of the Committee on Transportation, as well as the Committee on Financial Services. Mrs. CAPITO. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of House Joint Resolution 61. Today, my heart is heavy, filled with sorrow and outrage. Today, there are children who will be unable to hug their parents again, and there are parents who will never hear the voice of their children exclaim, Hi, Mom; Hi, Dad. So today, I join with my fellow West Virginians and my colleagues to offer our tears, our support, and our prayers. The events of yesterday bring our perspective into sharp focus, reshaping and strengthening our notions of freedom, democracy, and peace. An attack that claimed the lives of our loved ones and attempts to destroy our national resolve hurts America. {time} 2130 But make no mistake, we will rise to fight this horrible offense. The heart and the soul of the American people cannot be destroyed by cowardly, faceless acts. Never, never will we be defeated. The United States has been violated as a Nation, but we are united. We will pick ourselves up and face the challenges of the coming days, weeks, and months. West Virginians and others around the country are outraged and sickened by yesterday's attack, but I ask my constituents, my colleagues, and my fellow Americans not to let the outrage outweigh our compassion and cooperation. The heroic efforts of so many Americans are inspiring and heart-warming. Now is the time for us to unite and follow our Nation's leaders with full faith. I know that the United States is the greatest country in the world, and I feel blessed to enjoy the freedoms that we share. God bless America. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am very pleased to yield 2 minutes to my friend and colleague, the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Pallone). Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, the attacks by terrorists yesterday against the United States shocked this Nation, but let it be known to those responsible that we will track them down and punish them. This Nation will respond and this Congress will stand united with our President to ensure those responsible are held accountable for their actions. Any nation that supports or harbors these terrorists should be retaliated against by the United States to the full extent of our military capabilities. Mr. Speaker, today, as heroic men and women in New York and Washington continue to search for victims, we pray for the families and friends of those who have lost loved ones and those who still wait to receive word on the missing. Yesterday, after witnessing the horrors at the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, citizens of this great Nation demonstrated their courage and their willingness to help their neighbors in need. In my home State of New Jersey and in my district, thousands of residents came forward and contributed blood for the victims of the World Trade Center. So many of my constituents answered the call for blood that many had to wait in line for several hours before they were able to assist. Owners of ferry boats in Atlantic Highlands, New Jersey transported displaced workers trapped on the tip of Manhattan to a safer spot in New Jersey. Emergency personnel, doctors, and nurses from New Jersey have worked around the clock to assist the courageous firefighters and police officers in New York. The reaction to this tragedy by the American people is proof of how strong this Nation is. The government, including this Congress, continues to operate. We will likely bring up legislation tomorrow to allocate Federal aid for the rescue efforts in New York and Washington. Mr. Speaker, terrorism does not work against the United States. It will only strengthen our will to stamp out this new evil. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Michigan (Mr. Camp), a member of the Committee on Ways and Means. Mr. CAMP. I thank the gentleman from New Jersey for yielding time to me. Mr. Speaker, I rise to join with my colleagues in Congress and all Americans to express support for this resolution. Today, although my heart is weighed down by the tragedies affecting our Nation, I stand in appreciation of the strength and resilience shown by Americans here and abroad. There have been countless examples of heroism in the face of unbelievable tragedy. Hundreds of rescue workers continue to work and look for survivors. Thousands of Americans have [[Page 16811]] lined up to give blood, and all across the country, citizens are offering sincere prayers. Their faith in America proves that this country will prevail in the face of tribulation. My prayers are with the victims and their families. This resolution further confirms and makes clear that rescue efforts and investigators are receiving and will continue to receive the full resources of the Federal Government. The cowards who helped perpetrate this act will not get away. They and those who offer them assistance and haven will be punished. Terrorism against America will not be tolerated. This resolution clearly sends a message to those responsible that they cannot hide, and they will face the wrath and justice of the United States of America. America will remain united as we rebuild and recover in the aftermath of these heinous acts. May this message be clear: The spirit of democracy and freedom that America embodies will survive and cannot be shaken by violence or terror. I urge all of my colleagues to support this measure to send a clear message that America will not tolerate terrorism and will punish those who commit such appalling acts. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am delighted to yield 2 minutes to my friend and colleague, the gentleman from California (Mr. Honda). Mr. HONDA. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding time to me. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to join my colleagues to offer my prayers to families of the victims, those that have been injured or lost, those who seek bravely to find life among the rubble. I join with my colleagues in strong support of this resolution. All four flights yesterday were bound for my home State of California. Many families in our very area are still waiting for family members and loved ones who will never return. In their memory, I am proud to stand today with all of my colleagues to inform the enemies of the United States that they may have shaken the foundations of our buildings, but they will never, they will never shake the foundation of our democracy. The unwavering strength of our democracy can be found in our people and in our beliefs and in the enduring ideal of our Republic that states ``All men are created equal.'' Mr. Speaker, many have likened yesterday's attacks to the surprise attack made upon Pearl Harbor in 1941. When I saw the many acts of bravery and compassion in the streets of New York and at the Pentagon, I firmly believe that we as Americans have lived up to the lineage of valor from that fateful day. I firmly believe that we will find those responsible, and that the fullest measure of our justice will be meted out. There is one legacy I pray that we do not embrace: the abandonment of our most cherished ideals when blinded by rage. Former Secretary of State Warren Christopher said it best last night: ``We must learn from the past to make sure that we do not repeat the injustices visited upon one ethnic group in 1941.'' I pray we bring those responsible to justice, and that we do so justly, in a manner unclouded by hatred or racial prejudice. That is the foundation of our democracy. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Connecticut (Mr. Shays), the chairman of the Subcommittee on National Security, Veterans' Affairs and International Relations of the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight. Mr. SHAYS. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding time to me. Yesterday's events forced us to confront as never before the barbarism and cowardice of terrorism. We grieve for the victims, our fellow Americans, and we pray for their peace. May we seek our peace with this painful horror by offering solace and comfort to their families, friends, colleagues, and all those affected by this tragedy. Acts of war have been committed against innocent men, women, and children going about the daily business and routines that are American life. Lives have been lost. Life in America will never be the same. Yet, while we react and respond to the attack, we must not succumb to the terror. It is the weapon of an uncivilized, spiritually bankrupt enemy who dares not confront us openly. In the face of utter irrationality, rational people feel defenseless, but we are not defenseless. The very freedom that made us vulnerable yesterday remains our impenetrable bulwark against the massacre of innocents that is terrorism. It is our freedom they target, our freedom they envy. We are not a Nation defined by tall buildings, a strong dollar, or a powerful military; we are a Nation of free people who will not surrender. After consoling the survivors and healing the wounded, our task as a free people is to support the many men and women trying to prosecute the war against terrorism. All those sworn to protect our national security and our public safety, from the President to the paramedic, need our support and our prayers. We are free to mourn, we are free to rebuild. Our freedom is our strength, and we will endure. Terrorists are slaves to their hate. They will be caught. They will be punished. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am delighted to yield 2 minutes to my friend and colleague, the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Pascrell). Mr. PASCRELL. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding time to me. Mr. Speaker, I support this resolution. Our American family has faced an assault on its way of life. Our freedom has come under attack. We are still coming to terms with the vision of our own brothers and sisters, our sons and daughters, our mothers and fathers, being victimized by despicable acts perpetrated by the evil and the cowardly. What happened yesterday was an unspeakable act of war on the very foundation of what makes us American. It was a craven assault on thousands of innocent people who are enjoying the freedom we hold so dear and the perpetrators so despise. It was a day of incomprehensible terror and grief, conceived and carried out by the very worst of mankind. Indeed, our American family has witnessed evil at times throughout its history. From the world wars to the Holocaust to the ethnic cleansing in Bosnia, we have always responded with action that exemplifies the very best of what we stand for. And it continues. Yesterday, with the daring of our rescue workers, with the complete compassion of strangers standing in lines 800 deep to give their own blood, the government wholly unified as one voice behind a Commander in Chief. We have shown the world that it is impossible to break our will in America. Our country will move on, our mission still intact. We will march forward with all conviction to fight for freedom. Mr. Speaker, make no mistake, make no mistake about how resolved we are. We are resolute in our stance that those hateful warmongers who perpetrated these atrocities will be hunted as predators, the very predators that they are. They will be punished in a way that is unmistakable in the defense of our country and all we hold dear. Justice, I say to the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Smith) and the gentleman from California (Mr. Lantos), must prevail, even though the heavens may crumble. God bless America. God bless our families. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Iowa (Mr. Leach), a senior member of the Committee on International Relations and former chairman of the Committee on Banking and Financial Services, and now on the Committee on Financial Services. Mr. LEACH. Mr. Speaker, there is nothing more difficult than to provide perspective to events of this week, but it would be self- evident that two of the profoundest lessons are that all societies, particularly democracies, are vulnerable to terrorism and that there is a growing breach between elements of the Islamic world and Judeo- Christian values. [[Page 16812]] In this context, it is imperative that those responsible for heinous acts be held accountable at the bar of justice. Likewise, it is critical that any response be fair as well as firm so that an action- reaction cycle is not precipitated. Force is justified against terrorists and their harborers, not Islam or innocents. I stress this point because from an American perspective, terrorism is the enemy. We respect Islam and Islamic nations. The only brief we hold is against parties that manipulate hatred and employ tactics of terror. Civilized values, whether of the East or of the West, are rooted in just behavior and fundamentals of faith. Accordingly, at this traumatic juncture, the U.S. has an obligation to emphasize our identity with those individuals of faith who derive their values from the Koran, as well as the Old and New Testament. The barbarous acts precipitated in New York and Washington are more crimes against civilization and humanity than attacks on the United States as a Nation. Hence, as we seek accountability, we look for the support of faithful people and justice seekers of all societies in a war to eliminate the cowardice of terrorism. The despicable acts of this past week do not put American security particularly at risk; it is civilization and civilized values which demand protection. {time} 2145 Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Virginia (Mr. Scott). Mr. SCOTT. Mr. Speaker, I rise with my colleagues in support of the resolution. Yesterday freedom's bell rang for thousands of civilian and military personnel as it has for over 200 years. Mr. Speaker, on December 8, 1941, President Roosevelt and his message to Congress declared, ``Yesterday, a date which will live in infamy, the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked.'' Likewise, we today declared that the date of September 11, 2001, will also live in infamy. Yesterday's attack is in the order of magnitude beyond anything we have ever experienced in the history of the United States. As many as five to ten times more lives lost than at Pearl Harbor, lives of Americans from all walks of life. At this tragic time, America must speak with one voice and support the President in his efforts to hold all of those responsible accountable for their actions. Our thoughts and prayers go out to the families who lost loved ones in this great tragedy. Our Nation extends its greatest appreciation to rescue personnel who responded to this tragedy, especially those who risked or gave their lives in an effort to help others and those who will continue the grim work in the days and weeks to come. May God bless America. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as she may consume to the gentlewoman from Wyoming (Mrs. Cubin). Mrs. CUBIN. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the resolution. Mr. Speaker, there are no words to describe the anguish we and all Americans feel on this day. Our innocence has been stolen as we discover our vulnerability to the acts of zealous madmen. President Bush reassured Americans last night that, while those who detest freedom may destroy brick and mortar and even take the lives of innocents, they can not destroy the American spirit. We can take comfort and confidence in our national resolve and depend on it to help us overcome this temporary setback. Clearly, we must gather the American spirit and rally around our Commander-in-Chief. We must support his efforts to make crystal clear the fact that the American people are united and resolute; that we will take a stand against attacks on our sovereignty; and that we will atone this grievous act. I am sure the entire membership of this body joins me in supporting the President in the crisis and in praying to God for guidance. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 6 minutes to the gentleman from Arizona (Mr. Shadegg), a member of the Committee on Energy and Commerce. Mr. SHADEGG. Mr. Speaker, on December 7, 1941, America was forthrightly challenged by a foe. A foe that came in marked planes and attacked military targets. They stood forward to defend themselves and their possessions. That was the Pearl Harbor attack. Yesterday, America sustained a cowardly attack. Our foes came in unmarked planes and they sought, not military targets, but civilian ones. Mr. Speaker, they have made a grave error. They have underestimated the resolve of this Nation. Make no mistake, we will hunt them down and they will pay. Last night, my daughter and several of her college colleagues went to a blood donation center and stood in line for over 4\1/2\ hours to give blood. She and millions of other Americans stand forthrightly today to help fight for a cause they believe in and a Nation they hold dear. Not until 3 hours ago did the full import of what has happened sink in to me. For 3 hours ago, I and 24 of my colleagues on the Republican Study Committee, Members of Congress, went to the Pentagon. We stood literally 50 feet from where the gaping hole exists in the side of that building. We spoke with the FBI, and we spoke with the first response teams that were there. We thanked them for what they had done. Mr. Speaker, I would like to yield to two of my colleagues who joined us for their reflections on that site and on these events. Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman from Michigan (Mr. Hoekstra). Mr. HOEKSTRA. Mr. Speaker, I thank my colleague for yielding. The gentleman is absolutely right. The trip we took down to the Pentagon late this afternoon put the horrors of yesterday into context. We were taking a look at the side of the Pentagon, the part that was virtually destroyed, and recognizing that we were still only seeing a partial picture of the devastation that had happened with the crash. We were able to thank the individuals who, for the last 36 hours, have been on-site in a search and recovery mode, trying to do everything they can to identify and find the survivors and answer the questions. On behalf of a grateful America, we were able to express our appreciation to those workers in person and also to the people working in New York. Also, our thanks go out to the grateful people who entered into prayer last night for the victims, the families and for the workers that have done such heroic things. Mr. Speaker, all across America last night, people came together in prayer. They prayed for the victims of yesterday's tragedies and they prayed for the loved ones of those who lost their lives. As a country, we prayed for understanding, and we prayed that our children would never again have to witness such senseless violence. As we attempt to come to grips with the scope of what happened yesterday, I am reminded of our great nation's motto: ``In God We Trust.'' Today, as a nation, we need to reaffirm our belief in this motto, because now, more than ever, we as a nation need to put our trust in God. My heart goes out to the victims and families and friends of those killed and injured in yesterday's attacks. We need to keep them at the forefront of our thoughts and prayers. We also need to keep in our prayers the thousands of firefighters, police, rescue personnel, doctors and others who are tirelessly working to rescue the victims of these barbaric attacks. To those who would dare threaten the United States, or the freedom that she represents, I can tell you that the resolve of our great people and this great nation remain strong. Through our faith in God, we will not easily be bowed. May this be a season of prayer, as we attempt to understand the tragic events of yesterday, and as we contemplate our national response. Mr. SHADEGG. Mr. Speaker, I would simply say it was impossible to stand there and not be stricken with grief and embroiled in rage. The survivors of this tragedy, the victims and their families, deserve our thoughts and our prayers. It was brought home when we went to the site. Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman from Indiana (Mr. Souder). [[Page 16813]] Mr. SOUDER. Mr. Speaker, it is hard for us, as we have been in one of centers of the firestorm, to react emotionally as we have tried to deal with this issue with our staff. We can see the pictures like other Americans. But last night, when I went home to my apartment and actually could look out the window and see the smoke from the Pentagon across the interstate and smell the smoke in my apartment, it became a little more real. Until the Republican Study Committee organized this first group of Members to go over this afternoon and we were standing there at the site, we thought that it is just a small measure of what they must feel in New York. The ability to thank our workers who are strained, who are stressed, who are now going in trying to find the bodies, the dads and the moms and the brothers and the sisters of Americans who have been brutally assassinated by terrorists and to talk about how in their offices now they have the names and how they are targeting where they are going to go in and try to find them. The building is still burning in some parts as they try to find the black box. The men were trying to figure out whether the structure was safe for them to go in. Yet, if they do not go in soon, they cannot get the black box out and this holds valuable information. So time is of the essence. We wanted to personally thank, in our small way, those Americans so dedicated and make it clear to anybody around the world that this is a Nation of love but also a Nation that is angry. This is a Nation that is very passionate and cares but also wants some answers and some results. Our heart goes out to them; and I thank the gentleman from Arizona (Mr. Shadegg), the leader of the Republican Study Committee, for organizing this because it was an experience that many of us will never forget. Mr. SHADEGG. Mr. Speaker, as we stood outside of the building, witnessing the devastation, listening to the descriptions, the fact is that from the outside we can only see a part of what is going on. There is vastly more destruction inside the building as it is spread out and there are dead bodies there. I was struck by the comment of one worker. He had been there when the plane went in the building. He had seen the building moments after its first impact. He said to me his most difficult moment was not then and not when he was told perhaps there is a second plane en route and their lives were in danger. His toughest moment was when he went home last night and his 5-year old asked him who would do this and why would they perpetrate such an act, why would they bring down an airline, why would they seek to kill so many people. It is incomprehensible when you see the death, when you see the devastation, and when you understand it. But make no mistake, our opponents need to look no further than the roof of this building. The American flag, the symbol of freedom, Old Glory was there yesterday. It is there today. It will be there tomorrow. We will not surrender until we have found them and we have exacted retribution. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Virginia (Mr. Moran), my friend and distinguished colleague. Mr. MORAN of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, we cannot yet grasp the impact of Tuesday's events on the future of American life. In Northern Virginia, our fear and anxiety are almost overwhelming. All of us know someone who works at the Pentagon. They are friends and neighbors. They are active in our schools and churches. In short, they are good people who have devoted their lives to the defense of freedom. Our thoughts and prayers are with the entire family of Pentagon employees. They have demonstrated once again the particular dangers to which our military and Federal civil servants are often subjected. While thousands of innocent lives have been lost, this much is certain. The perpetrators of this horrible attack must not succeed in weakening the United States or its core values. We must not retreat from our legitimate role as the leader of the free world. Where American interests are at stake or where the cause of freedom and democracy can be appropriately advanced, American foreign policy must be one of active engagement. American leadership in promoting peace and democracy will put the Nation at odds with terrorists and others bent on evil. Tuesday's events, as horrible and as tragic as they are, do not mark the first time America has been targeted because its most basic values are correct. Fear of terrorists must not deter us from carrying on our policies just as we have for more than 200 years. America must also stand firm, though, in its commitment to civil liberties for all of our people. In the coming months and years, all of us will have to make accommodations to heightened security at our airports, Federal buildings, and other large landmarks. We can and must make those accommodations and in a manner that is wholly consistent with the U.S. Constitution. We will have to devote more of our national resources toward intelligence gathering and counterterrorism. We must resist the dark temptation toward human prejudice as the investigation of these attacks unfolds. In the wake of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, Japanese-Americans were terribly mistreated by our government and many of our countrymen. I do not know where the current investigation will lead, but I do know that no religious or ethnic group that comprises our diverse society must be made to suffer solely because of their religion or ethnicity. We will go after these terrorists, and we do so in concert with our allies around the world. Democrats and Republicans alike, we are all Americans in a common enterprise. We will not let this happen again. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Arizona (Mr. Flake). Mr. FLAKE. Mr. Speaker, I stand today in strong support of the resolution. I just returned a couple of hours ago from a tour of the Pentagon. Two things struck me. First, we owe a huge debt of gratitude to the response teams there who have risked their lives to save the lives of others. Second, I would suggest that anyone who has a hard time with the President's phrase that this is an act of war ought to visit that site. It is impossible to do so without coming away struggling for even stronger words to describe that act and that tragedy. This was an act of war, and we need to respond accordingly. Mr. Speaker, we live in a free society; and because we do, there are some things that we will never do, some risk that we are always willing to accept in order to live in a free society. But at the same time there are things that we need to do. The first thing we need to do is to respond to this act of terror. I was heartened by the President's statement last night that he draws no distinction between those who committed these acts and those who harbor terrorism, those who assist terrorism. We should draw no distinction either, and I would urge this Congress to stand behind the President in this regard. Seeing Americans all over the country pick themselves up and stand up and move ahead on this day makes me proud once again to be an American. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Green), my friend and valued colleague. Mr. GREEN of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from California for yielding me time. I rise today, like a lot of my colleagues, with a heavy heart for anyone who has suffered from yesterday's tragic and cowardly attack. Yesterday was one of America's darkest hours. Our thoughts and our prayers are with the families of the victims and those who were injured or killed yesterday and with all Americans. America is coming together and focusing on bringing the full weight of our Nation into recovery effort. We [[Page 16814]] will find our missing, bury our dead, heal our wounded and rebuild. The light of freedom has not been extinguished. As the book of Isaiah says, ``Your sun will never set again, and your moon will wane no more; the Lord will be your everlasting light, and your days of sorrow will end.'' Mr. Speaker, that brings me to the other thoughts I have been having since this tragedy unfolded. From this day forward, the word needs to go out from this country that no matter what dark place the enemies of America wish to hide in, our law enforcement and military will find them. I strongly support President Bush and his position that countries providing safe havens to known terrorists be treated no differently than the terrorists themselves. We have the ability to deliver destruction of biblical proportions. Those who carry out these horrible acts need to be punished, either through our court system or through the reach of our military. To the people of America, I ask you to continue to keep the victims of this attack in your prayers and pray for the safety of those engaged in our rescue efforts. This cowardly attack was condemned throughout the world but was cheered in the streets of Iraq, East Jerusalem, and the West Bank. It is truly a sick society that teaches its children such hate. For them to cheer at this terrible loss of innocent life is something I will make a point of remembering. The new war against terrorism began yesterday, but the healing begins today. Our enemies hoped yesterday to weaken America, to hurt it, but they failed. America will come out of this horrible event stronger, more united, and more powerful than ever. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Northern Virginia (Mr. Tom Davis). Mr. TOM DAVIS of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, I rise in favor of this resolution. The event of yesterday, of course, will leave a lasting impact in our community in Northern Virginia. {time} 2200 Our friends, our neighbors, have all been affected, as I think has the whole country. But yesterday's act was an act of war, but the enemy was not necessarily a particular country or a nation, but a network of terrorists harbored and enabled in some cases by other nations who are lurking in the shadows, afraid of identifying themselves, even in some cases denying their deeds while praising these acts. The perpetrators of these vicious acts and their abettors are not wholly identified as yet, but their act of war was not only against the United States, but against all freedom-loving people throughout the globe. Any failure on our part to act decisively against these mass murderers will only encourage more such acts against other peoples and other nations. Our country has put aside the partisan squabbling, and we stand united behind our President to give him the resources he needs to seek out and punish those responsible for these cowardly acts. We thank our allies and other leaders across the world for their expressions of support and sympathy; and working together, we can rid this planet of the terrorist menace that knows no boundaries, obeys no rules, respects no life. Mr. Speaker, this resolution is only a start, but it demonstrates our determination as a Nation to stand shoulder to shoulder united as one people, to bring justice to these attackers and normalization to our lives. My deepest sympathy to the families of these victims and those awaiting word on loved ones who cannot be accounted for. My appreciation to the rescue workers, the police, firefighters and medical personnel and volunteers who have risked their lives to help their brothers and sisters. These Americans and countless volunteers have again demonstrated the American spirit at this time of crisis. To those military and Federal employees who were targets of the suicide bombers, they once again, as in Oklahoma City, have paid the supreme price for anger directed at our political system. They are heroes who will forever be remembered for the sacrifice they made for freedom. History will never forget their heroic sacrifice. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. McGovern), my distinguished colleague. Mr. McGOVERN. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of this resolution; but tonight I would like to take a moment to tell my colleagues about three of the lives so cruelly ended yesterday by nameless cowards. Tara Shea Creamer lived in my hometown of Worcester, Massachusetts. She was just 30 years old when she departed Boston on American Airlines Flight 11 which crashed into the World Trade Center. Ms. Creamer and her husband, John, were married in 1994 and have two children, Colin, age 4, and Nora who is just 15 months old. She also had three sisters and two brothers, and her husband teaches in the Worcester Public Schools. Ms. Creamer was one of seven employees of the TJX Company headquartered in Framingham, Massachusetts, flying to Los Angeles on a 3-day business trip. Lynn Goodchild, was 25 years old and lived in Attleboro, Massachusetts which is in the central part of my district. She was one of the 65 people on board United Airlines Flight 175 from Boston to Los Angeles on her way to vacation in Hawaii when the plane was hijacked. Ms. Goodchild was the daughter of William and Ellen Goodchild of Attleboro. She had a brother, Neil. Lynn graduated from Attleboro High School, went on to graduate from Bentley College in Waltham, Massachusetts, and worked at Putnam Investments in Boston. Dianne Snyder, 42, was a flight attendant from Westport, Massachusetts. She is a mother of two children, ages 11 and 14. She and her husband, John, moved to Massachusetts from Connecticut just a few years ago. Dianne worked for American Airlines and was on the job on Flight 11. As John Snyder said, ``I know there are so many families that are affected by this in so much pain right now.'' His words are tragically true. While respecting the privacy and personal grief of Lynn Goodchild, Tara Shea Creamer and Dianne Snyder's families, friends and colleagues, I believe it is important that my own colleagues and the American people know something about the Americans murdered yesterday by terrorists. Three women are now lost to all of us. Their talents, hopes and dreams lost forever. Mr. Speaker, I ask all my colleagues to hold Tara Shea Creamer, Lynn Goodchild, Dianne Snyder and their families, along with all of the victims of this tragedy, in their thoughts and prayers. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from New York (Mr. Grucci). Mr. GRUCCI. Mr. Speaker, I rise as so many do here this evening to speak about the atrocities that have happened with a very heavy heart. In my district there are men and women who went to work yesterday morning to work at the World Trade Center, and they never returned home. Their children have no mother or father, and their families will forever be touched. I ask why. Why does something like this happen? Was that a military installation that was targeted for attack? The answer is, no. It was a building where men and women shopped and worked, and children from schools would go to ride the elevator to the top floor to look out over the horizon of the New York City skylines to New Jersey and out to Long Island. I ask myself did those people do something wrong. The answer is no, they did nothing wrong. Why? The answer is there is no answer to a question like that. When people are born and bred to be evil as those who have perpetrated this crime against society have been, there is only one answer, and that answer is to eradicate that evil from our society so that freedom-loving people, people who wish to live with the liberties that we enjoy in this country, the same kinds of liberties that have brought many people [[Page 16815]] through our gates and through the outstretched arms of the Statute of Liberty, to find a new home and to find a life in this country because we allow those types of liberties to our people who live here. Mr. Speaker, yesterday is not going to take that away. There was an attempt to rock the seat of government of this country, to take out our leaders and destroy our economics. All of those have failed. The only thing that has succeeded was the pain, the suffering, and the needless death of so many innocent people, the number of which is staggering, and may be as high as 20,000 to 30,000 people will be found to be the victims of that terrible ordeal. Our hearts go out to the families, and the Federal Government is marshaling its resources to help in the recovery and to help in trying to find those who may still be alive in that twisted rubble and that wreck of a building that was a landmark of this great Nation. When that is completed, and as we continue to discuss this today, we will find those who are responsible and bring them to the swift justice that they deserve. No place can they hide on this planet; nowhere can they find refuge from what they did yesterday. Mr. Speaker, I wholeheartedly support this resolution. The prayers of this house, the prayers of the world are with those families who have been touched in Washington and New York, and the families who are the victims of those plane crashes. God bless America and God bless those who are in pain and suffering tonight. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from North Dakota (Mr. Pomeroy). Mr. POMEROY. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the resolution before us. Today, Americans the Nation over went to work with a unity and sense of purpose borne of the unspeakable tragedy we suffered as a country yesterday. We are all filled with a deep sense of loss for the thousands of innocent victims, their families and friends. We are all as Americans in awe of the heroism we have seen by our police and our firefighters, as well as that from ordinary Americans who have risked or even given their lives in courageous efforts to help others. Mr. Speaker, as Americans we all want to pitch in and help in the immediate recovery effort; and the long, slow lines of the Nation's blood banks will bear witness. As Americans, we also know that we are in a war today. We are at war with terrorists who seek to rob us of our way of life, just as they robbed us of our countrymen in their cowardly attacks of yesterday. They will not win their war against the people of the United States. Our freedoms, liberties and collective strength of united American people represent a far more mighty force than these murderers could ever have imaged. We are applying that strength today in an urgent, focused effort to identify those responsible. And when we know who conceived and executed these terrible acts, we will render a fearsome punishment in response, not solely to account for the lives taken and the losses inflicted against us, but in defense of freedom for us and people around the world. Despite the devastation and horrific loss of life wrought by yesterday's attacks, the terrorists failed to achieve their objective. They have not even made a dent in the very source of American greatness: a strong, united people living freely in the greatest democracy the world has ever known. In honor and loving memory to all who died and their families, we will not rest until this war these terrorists cowardly launched yesterday is won and won completely, and our country and the world made safer as a result. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Wisconsin (Mr. Petri), the chairman of the Subcommittee on Highways and Transit. Mr. PETRI. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the resolution before us. Tuesday's terrorist attacks were designed to create fear and chaos, but the real effect has been to pull us together. Through a systematic act of war, the terrorists have awakened a sleeping giant, and as a result they will discover how effective we can be now that we are sufficiently united and motivated. Mr. Speaker, our friends in the British Parliament and German Bundestag have made it clear to me that they regard yesterday's attack as an attack against civilization, not just against the United States; and I believe that attitude is shared by most people around the world, and that most of the world's governments will cooperate with us in a spirit of resolute solidarity as we develop a strong, intelligent response. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from Ohio (Mrs. Jones). Mrs. JONES of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time. Mr. Speaker, for everything there is a season and a time for every activity under heaven; a time to be born and a time to die; a time to kill and a time to heal; a time to weep and a time to laugh; a time to mourn and a time to dance; a time to embrace and a time to refrain; a time to be silent and a time to speak; a time to love and a time to hate; a time for war and a time for peace. After the atrocities of yesterday, we, the American people, asked the question: What time is it? This is a time for prayer. This is a time to mourn the loss of life. This is a time to weep because crying eases the pain. This is a time to appreciate and honor those countless, nameless men and women, firefighters, rescue workers, volunteers and others who have risked and lost their lives trying to help their fellow Americans. This is time to embrace one another and to express our feelings of love. This is a time to mend broken hearts of the people of our Nation who have experienced the loss of a family member. This is a time to speak of the strength of our Nation and to let the world know that we resolve that to never allow any terrorists to think for one moment that they can, by their conduct, permanently disrupt our democracy. This is a time to ferret out the persons who have committed these acts of terrorism and to hold them accountable. In time we will emerge from this stronger, wiser and more compassionate. In time we will find our way. In time we will again laugh, share good times, and take pleasure in our family, friends and favorite pursuits. Mr. Speaker, in times like this, I call upon my faith and say, ``Weeping may endure for the night, but joy cometh in the morning.'' {time} 2215 Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Georgia (Mr. Kingston), a member of the Committee on Appropriations. Mr. KINGSTON. I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time. Mr. Speaker, yesterday, in addition to losing thousands and thousands of our fellow citizens, loved ones, parents, moms, brothers and sisters, we were attacked at three symbolic buildings, a financial center, a military center, and the government center, buildings which Americans recognize, visit and study. The financial center, the World Trade Building, where wheelings and dealings that affect the entire globe take place, indeed the actions themselves, breaking the skyline of New York City, the economic beacon of the West. The Pentagon, where our strategists, our generals, get together, the wizards of what is best for national security. And Washington, D.C., the very center of the free government and representative democracy. We were stunned in disbelief, confused in grasping the scope of the hatred behind such an act, and yesterday was a very low and sad day for the United States of America. But it was also a defining moment, because Americans, which are so often divided in philosophy and geography, by region, by politics, by race and by economics, we are now one. We are united in our patriotism, our resolve and our commitment. This United States Congress will get behind the proper government agencies, the FBI, the CIA, the military, [[Page 16816]] the Attorney General, we will give them the resources they need to identify and plan a strategy to retaliate. And, Mr. Speaker, the citizens of the United States of America will get back on our airplanes. We will return to our workplaces. And we will resume our government in this great and free country, and this land of freedom will reign on and the bell will be heard all over the world. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to the gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Brown) a valued member of the Committee on International Relations. Mr. BROWN of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I rise to honor the victims and the families, especially the firefighters and the police officers who gave their lives. Mr. Speaker, no words can properly express the emotions we all feel regarding the attacks in New York and Washington. My deepest sympathies go to the families and friends of those Americans taken from us in this brutal, senseless manner. Thousands of military, law enforcement, and rescue personnel are currently assisting the victims and piecing together the clues that will lead to the capture and appropriate punishment of the perpetrators of these horrendous acts. At this time of crisis in our nation, I urge all Americans to exercise patience and caution and to search for ways to help fellow citizens. I also urge my fellow Americans not to allow these unprovoked acts to diminish our shared faith in the United States or to compromise the values that make ours the freest country in the world. The celebrated resolve of the American people to overcome adversity must and will prevail. With the memory of those lost, America will persevere. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am very pleased to yield 2 minutes to my distinguished colleague and good friend, the gentlewoman from Minnesota (Ms. McCollum). Ms. McCOLLUM. Mr. Speaker, yesterday's terrorist attack was a crime against the American people and it was a crime against humanity. Calling this attack an act of war does not begin to accurately describe this barbaric attack. Today, we stand with our President, the men and women of law enforcement, and with our Armed Forces as we dedicate our Nation to achieving swift and appropriate justice for the terrorists responsible for this act. Today, we have been inspired by the courage of Americans risking their lives to rescue and heal their neighbors. Today, we are comforted by America's prayers for the injured and grieving. And, today, from the ashes of this horrific act, we as Americans reaffirm our highest beliefs in freedom, democracy and justice. On behalf of the people of Minnesota's Fourth District, our hearts and prayers are with the victims of this terrible crime. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Florida (Mr. Putnam), a member of the Committee on Agriculture and the Committee on the Budget. Mr. PUTNAM. Mr. Speaker, America changed forever yesterday. Our innocence lost, we have had the horrors of faraway capitals delivered to our own. Our freedom at stake, we have resolved to fight back at all forms of terror and tyranny. We have seen Americans rally behind the blood drives to aid the wounded, shopkeepers who opened up their wares to weary, shell-shocked fellow citizens, refused payment and bid only ``God bless you.'' I was with the President yesterday in Florida when the initial attack occurred, and aboard Air Force One throughout much of the day as the breadth of the horror unfolded. The President was calm, deliberate, and thoughtful as he received wave after wave of bad news and analysis. He immediately reached out to his national security team and settled into his Commander in Chief responsibilities. He rightly made the decision to go to a secure location to manage the crisis as it developed. I am sure all Americans are grateful, as I am, that the threats against the White House and Air Force One were not carried out. Mr. Speaker, the fabric of American life was frayed but not torn yesterday. It was soiled with the blood of innocent American civilians. But our American way will not be diminished, and America will not be tarnished by these agents of evil. May America endure and prosper forever. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to my valued colleague, the gentleman from Kentucky (Mr. Lucas). Mr. LUCAS of Kentucky. Mr. Speaker, I rise to add my voice to the outrage I am sure every American feels today. My condolences and those of my fellow Kentuckians go out to the families who have lost loved ones as a result of yesterday's tragic events. The victims of these cowardly attacks were innocent Americans of every color and creed. Heartbreak is the only word that can adequately describe what I felt as I witnessed one of the most despicable crimes in our history. Franklin Delano Roosevelt described December 7, 1941, as a date which will live in infamy. He described that day's attack upon Pearl Harbor as an unprovoked and dastardly attack. I say to my colleagues here in Congress, and my fellow Americans watching us here tonight, that the evil which fueled the murder yesterday of thousands of peace-loving Americans rivals that evil which plunged our Nation into World War II some 60 years ago. And make no mistake, Mr. Speaker, yesterday's attack was nothing less than an act of war. The terrorist forces against us would see us brought to our knees and see us shaking in terror. They would have us back away from the freedoms we hold dear. But they must be made to understand that those freedoms are the result of 200 years of struggle. Nothing within the terrorists' power can daunt this great democracy and its resolve. It was John F. Kennedy who said, ``Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe, to assure the survival and the success of liberty. This much we pledge and more.'' The circumstances have changed since President Kennedy said these words. The sentiment has not. God bless America. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Florida (Mr. Miller), a member of the Committee on Appropriations. Mr. MILLER of Florida. Mr. Speaker, I join my colleagues and millions of Americans in their shock, sorrow and outrage at yesterday's horrific attack. I join with them, too, in the resolution to stand united against terror and against cowards that would attack innocent men, women and children, and against the fear that would overthrow our liberty. We will recover. We will rebuild. And we will continue to stand proudly, a shining city on a hill, a target to many, but a beacon of hope to so many more. To the thousands of victims of yesterday's attack, and their family and friends, we offer nothing less than the full support of the most powerful nation on earth. All of us share in this tragedy, and my heart and prayers go out to the friends and family of the victims, including the two employees of the Census Bureau's New York Regional Office. Words cannot soothe the pain of this loss, but I pray that it is some consolation, to those who grieve, that a nation grieves with you. Already, the armies of compassion are mobilized. Amid yesterday's terrible destruction was also great heroism. Police, firemen, and rescue workers put themselves in grave danger in order to save the lives of others. Volunteers worked through the night. People lined up around the block and around the country to give blood. Yesterday was a call to action and America answered. No one answered more readily than our Commander in Chief. President Bush's day began yesterday with a visit to Booker Elementary School in my congressional district in Sarasota, Florida. The gentleman from Florida (Mr. Putnam) and I were there to welcome him to the school when we learned of the attack. We joined him aboard Air Force One to return to Washington. En route to Andrews Air Force Base, we received a credible security threat to the President and Air Force One. Because of this threat, we were diverted to Barksdale Air Force Base in Louisiana. During the flight, [[Page 16817]] we met with President Bush and he updated us on this tragedy. My respect for him has only increased as a result of the experience. I witnessed a President fully informed, engaged, and resolute in easing the pain of the victims' families and our Nation, as well as finding and punishing those responsible. To those who committed this act of war and those who would stand with them or hide them or assist them in any way, I offer only scorn, defiance, and resolution. Scorn, that small men with evil intent would think for a moment that a cowardly attack against innocent men, women and children would ever constitute any kind of victory. Defiance, that we will not allow fear to compromise our liberty or our way of life. And resolution, that those responsible will be found and brought to justice, along with any who would follow their example. These people sought to visit terror upon our country but it is they who will live in fear, their nights spent in terror and their days spent in hiding, until justice is served. Mr. Speaker, I join our President and our country in sorrow and resolution. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to my good friend and colleague, the gentleman from Maryland (Mr. Cardin). Mr. CARDIN. Let me thank the gentleman from California (Mr. Lantos) for yielding me this time. Mr. Speaker, it was 187 years ago this very evening that in Baltimore, Maryland, at Fort McHenry, this Nation, this young Nation, won its second war of independence. It was the beginning of the end of the War of 1812. Francis Scott Key on this very evening 187 years ago wrote his inspirational poem that became our National Anthem. In that third verse, he wrote some words that are helpful for us this evening: From the terror of flight or the gloom of the grave. And the Star-Spangled Banner in triumph doth wave. We survived the attack by a hostile power and became the strongest Nation in the world, and we will survive this attack on our democratic principles, and we will grow even stronger. Marylanders have once again shown their patriotism. Mr. Speaker, the calls to our office from doctors, from firefighters, from ordinary citizens offering their help has been heartwarming. Let me just conclude by the words that were included on a page of one of our major papers in the editorial section, where it wrote: Lady Liberty still stands tall, shrouded in smoke, covered in dust and blood. She is crying, she is afraid, she is angry, but she will not yield. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Weldon), the chairman of the Subcommittee on Military Readiness. Mr. WELDON of Pennsylvania. Mr. Speaker, I think first tonight about the quiet efforts of thousands of ordinary people yesterday who were called upon to do extraordinary things: the firefighters and EMS personnel who climbed up the stairs of the World Trade Center towers while thousands of their fellow citizens were going down. Why did they do that, knowing full well that they would likely perish? Because they could save people, strangers who were trapped inside. How many did they save we will never know. Those brave heroes are no longer here to tell us their stories. They perished, sadly, when the towers collapsed. Who will tell their story now? We have only the testimony of those they helped, those who did not make it out, and, of course, we have the thanks and prayers of a grateful Nation. How about the workers at our airports who were called upon to land hundreds of planes all across America at airports large and small? They landed them all safely. That is a story that did not make the news. And the people in the World Trade Center and the Pentagon, just folks who work a job day by day, just like the rest us. They got up, went to work, kissed their spouse and their kids, and never came home. And of the passengers and crews of the four hijacked planes, innocent people just trying to get from place to place on a busy day. They were going to business meetings, family outings or vacations. And so we ask as we take stock of our loss, what cowards could perpetrate such acts? Who would kill innocent people on such a massive scale? Dozens of our colleagues have said it correctly. We are at war. So let us today prepare for a war. A Declaration of War has been drafted. I will circulate it tomorrow for my colleagues to cosponsor. We have a unique responsibility here in this House, for the Constitution, Article 1, section 8, gives the Congress, and the Congress alone, the power to declare war, to raise and support armies, to provide and maintain a navy, and to make rules for the government and regulation of the Armed Forces. That is our job, my colleagues, our job alone. {time} 2230 Let us do our job, the most important function of the Federal Government, to provide for the common defense. My friends, this war will not be won quickly, and it will not be won in a very cheap manner. It will require nothing less than a complete rethinking about what constitutes national security and intelligence. So I ask my friends in good faith to join together to give our President the tools he needs to win the war and finish the job. My friends, we will infiltrate and decimate the ranks of these terrorist groups. We will seek out and destroy their base camps and training grounds. We will punish their clients and host states. And we will eliminate their leaders once and for all. This must be our goal. Nothing less will do the job. Let us give our families the security they deserve. Let us make our streets safe again. Let us send our enemies into retreat. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to the gentleman from Washington (Mr. Hastings). Mr. HASTINGS of Washington. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of this resolution. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Arkansas (Mr. Ross). Mr. ROSS. Mr. Speaker, like all Americans, I was stunned, angered, and saddened by yesterday's unprecedented and unconscionable terrorist attacks in New York and here in our Nation's capital. Today is a time for all Americans to come together and pray for our country, for all the victims of this horrific tragedy and their families, and for all those working around the clock to assist in the rescue and recovery efforts that will get our Nation moving again. I am proud of the way that the people of New York City and Washington, D.C. and all across America have responded to these tragic events. As the details unfold, no doubt the number of casualties will be staggering, and we will have many questions to answer. Our country is in a state of shock, but we are resolved to not let these groups alter our Nation's livelihood. We will overcome this tragedy, and we will become a stronger Nation because of it. Mr. Speaker, yesterday's attacks were a threat, not only to our people, to our children, to our grandchildren, but to our freedom, and, indeed, the American way of life. Simply put, they were acts of cowardice that will not be tolerated. Our response should be swift and strong, one that will send a message, loud and clear, to terrorists around the world: we will not allow this to become the kind of country where our children and grandchildren will always fear, a fear of terrorism. Make no mistake about it, the President, the administration and this Congress will stand united as one America in our endeavor to root out, not only the perpetrators, but also those who harbor and support such evil and inhumane acts of terror. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Michigan (Mr. Upton), the chairman of the Subcommittee on Telecommunications and the Internet of the Committee on Energy and Commerce. [[Page 16818]] Mr. UPTON. Mr. Speaker, this has been a long day, and somehow we knew last night that this nightmare would not go away when daybreak came this morning. This has been a long day, particularly for those families that have lost a loved one, and also for the emergency personnel, friends, and neighbors. This has been a long day for America, as we come to grips with this attack on America and the values that we hold so dearly. I spoke earlier this afternoon with a family in my district whose son, Brad, worked on the 93rd floor of the World Trade Center. Their news was no news, no word, no good. As we struggle with our grief and pray for those families, we are reminded that this is a country that stands for freedom and justice, and, yes, we will prevail. We stand here tonight united behind our Nation's efforts to seek swift justice. We will find all the people who orchestrated and participated in this evil web. I have no doubts. These mass murderers, wherever they are, will be identified and, yes, justice will be served. Tonight I participated, like thousands of Americans, in a prayer vigil, and I said a prayer for Brad. I asked for a miracle to save him and so many others like him. I say to our fellow citizens across the country, thank you. Thank you for your prayers for us, for the leaders of this country, and the so many public servants. They are appreciated, and they help right the mayhem to lift us all. Yes, we are united. We are the United States of America. God bless America. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to my friend and colleague, the gentlewoman from California (Ms. Lofgren). Ms. LOFGREN. Mr. Speaker, yesterday America experienced tragedy. With the collapse of the World Trade Center and the penetration of the Pentagon by hijacked aircraft, thousands of Americans lost their lives. We all mourn, and we are all resolved to take new steps to secure again the safety of our country. We Americans stand together now. As Americans, we will insist that these American deaths be accounted for and that American lives lost will not come without an extraordinarily high cost to those who are our enemies and those who help and support our enemy. As we move ahead through each day, there is something that we must remember and take comfort in: a great nation is defined by great peoples. We saw this greatness yesterday in the heroism of firefighters and police and volunteers who tried to save others. We saw it in the victims on planes who, while facing certain death, called ground forces with information that today are helping us put together the evidentiary pieces to identify our enemies. We Americans, our heritage may be Irish, Chinese, German, Italian, and many more; we are Catholic, Hindu, Jewish, Muslim, Protestant, and more. It is important to remember that it is not how we look or how we dress or the religion we follow that distinguishes us as Americans. No, instead, it is our commitment to liberty, our dedication to the American beacon of liberty and the passion with which we love America. Let us punish America's enemies, but take care never to dishonor our country by blaming other loyal Americans merely because of their religion or ethnicity. Mr. Speaker, our country will emerge stronger after enduring these attacks. Today, our hearts and prayers go out to those who are lost and to their families; and, as a diverse and united people, we pray together that God bless the United States of America. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2\1/2\ minutes to the gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Greenwood), the chairman of the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations of the Committee on Energy and Commerce. Mr. GREENWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me time. Mr. Speaker, President Kennedy once observed that there were two moments that the children of his generation would never forget, the day Pearl Harbor was attacked and the day that Franklin Roosevelt died. Now it can be said that the two moments that my generation will never forget are the day President Kennedy was assassinated and yesterday's murder of the innocents. The visions from the hell that was visited upon us yesterday will remain in our memories for the rest of our lives. Among the most horrifying of those images is that of the second Boeing 767 crashing into the World Trade Center at 9:03 a.m. When flight 175 took off from Boston with its 56 passengers and 7 flight attendants bound for Los Angeles, its pilot was my constituent, Victor Saracini. Before becoming a pilot for United, Mr. Saracini had served his Nation as a Navy pilot. As all commercial pilots, he was responsible every day for the lives and the safety of others. I am certain that this Navy man did not relinquish his helm without a fight. Mr. Saracini leaves behind a wife, Ellen, and two children, Kirsten and Brielle. Today, it is our duty to remember and honor and grieve for all those who were torn from their families and from this life, even as we here who were ourselves targeted for destruction struggle to find some purpose in all this madness. But tomorrow we must dedicate ourselves to the reality that civilization and freedom cannot exist side-by-side with deranged and vicious assassins. We owe it to our children and to the children of those whose lives were stolen yesterday to rid the world of those who thirst only for our destruction. As I stood on the steps of the Capitol last night, I thought of another dark hour in our history and the haunting words of Abraham Lincoln, who had stood there more than 100 years before and spoken these prophetic words: ``With firmness in the right, as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in; to bind up the Nation's wounds; to care for him that has borne the battle; and for his widow, and his orphans; to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace, among ourselves, and with all nations.'' Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Ohio (Mr. Strickland). Mr. STRICKLAND. Mr. Speaker, on behalf of my constituents in Southern Ohio, I want to express our condolences to all those who have suffered the tragedy of the last few hours. Many years ago, a young missionary was murdered while working in the jungles of South Africa. Later, his parents found in his diary a message that is appropriate for us to contemplate today. The young man had written the following words: ``He is no fool who gives what he cannot keep to gain what he cannot lose.'' All of us are mortal. We cannot determine the length of our lives or the circumstances of our deaths. That is true of us today as it was true of those innocent Americans who worked in the World Trade Center towers, and in the Pentagon, or were passengers in the hijacked airliners yesterday morning. As the day unfolded, they had no way of knowing the sadistic and barbaric acts which would take their lives. They were innocent victims, and we mourn their deaths. But we also mourn the deaths of those who freely gave their lives while trying to save others. We honor the firefighters, the police officers, and the citizen volunteers who unselfishly gave what they or none of us can forever keep. They gave their lives, and, in doing so, they have gained what they cannot lose, will never lose, and that is the everlasting honor, gratitude, and devotion of the American people. Today I feel unspeakable rage for those who killed our people. But, even more strongly, I feel the sense of pride in our country and the goodness and the decency of our countrymen. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from California (Mr. Cox), the distinguished chairman of our Policy Committee. Mr. COX. Mr. Speaker, the magnitude of this tragedy is still revealing itself. The bombings are over, but the [[Page 16819]] extent of the damage, the number of people killed, is still partially obscured to us. The death toll in a single day may eclipse the entire toll from the Korean War. That this war, waged by foreign enemies of the United States, happened on American soil, makes it unique in our modern history. That it happened on our city streets, that it targeted our national symbols, makes it all the more unbelievable. {time} 2245 But it is true, it happened. We are brought face to face with the grim reality that not only do a dangerous few of our fellow human beings hate America and what she stands for, but they are willing to kill all of us and themselves in order to vindicate that hate. These terrorist shock troops did not know the names of the people they killed, they did not know the identities of the families they have destroyed forever, and they do not care. As General Norman Schwarzkopf said so pointedly yesterday, always, even during the Gulf War, the United States has taken extraordinary measures to avoid civilian casualties in its military operations. But these terrorists intentionally target innocent men, women, and children. That, he said, is the difference between these bastards and us. The terrorists and the states that harbor them do not hate any of us as individuals. They hate America; they hate our civilization. Now civilization must defend itself. We cannot bring back the wonderful people who perished yesterday, but we can honor their memory. The Statue of Freedom atop this capitol stands as a beacon. It was placed there when our Nation was torn apart by the Civil War. That war shook the foundations of this building, but it did not undermine the foundations of our country. Let us honor the dead, the wounded, and the tens of thousands of the heroes who are bringing New York and Washington back to life. Let us defeat those who have declared war on America. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from the Virgin Islands (Mrs. Christensen). Mrs. CHRISTENSEN. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time. I rise this evening to join my colleagues in support of this important resolution condemning the vicious, unprovoked, and tragic attack against our country and our citizens. Yesterday is a day that we will never forget, a day which began like any other, but one in which our lives were changed forever as we saw and heard about the damage and destruction of our Nation's symbols of freedom and strength and the so very many lives that are being lost. My heart, sympathy, and prayers, and those of all of the people of the U.S. Virgin Islands, go out to the families and friends of those who lost their lives in yesterday's attack and to those who were injured. We also want to express our deep appreciation to those police, emergency medical personnel, firefighters, and the countless others who selflessly and quickly responded to save and protect lives and who continue their efforts today and will do so for as long as they are needed. I fully support, and ask all Americans to support, our President in his determination to identify and find those who committed these acts and bring them to justice. But I also want to recall for all of us the prayer of our chaplain this morning who asked God to help us proceed free of prejudice. We must not use this tragedy to malign or persecute innocent Arab Americans or any other people living in this country as we learn more about the true perpetrators of this heinous act. Mr. Speaker, America is strong. The American people are strong. We are a country and a people of a deep and abiding faith. With that faith, we will face this tragedy as we have faced others before; and we will never let the actions of those who would foster and act out of hate poison our hearts; nor will we let these terrorists or any terrorists succeed in further inflicting their evil and their hate on us or the rest of the world. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Florida (Mr. Goss), the distinguished chairman of the Committee on Intelligence. Mr. GOSS. Mr. Speaker, we all know what an arduous and shocking day yesterday was. Mr. Speaker, we are experiencing direct and deep feelings of grief and loss for the families of the victims, so many victims there were. CeeCee Lyles of Fort Myers, Florida, in my district was a flight attendant on one of the United Airlines flights, number 93, one of the brave Americans who called her husband, reported the hijacking, and said good-bye. Imagine the terror of that. Today I started my day as usual, walking to the Capitol office from my nearby home here, and there was the Capitol dome above us, rising beautifully, boldly, reassuringly, into a bright, blue sky and the strong sunshine of the morning today. I thank the Lord for keeping it safe, and the good Americans who worked to do that as well. For a minute, it was like yesterday never happened; it was just all a bad dream. And then we all went to work. The images, the statistics, the reports, they are heart-wrenching. What kind of people, if we can call them people, could think up and carry out such fanatical and diabolical atrocities against innocent human beings? How does hate grow so grotesquely and get channeled into such devastation? What type of murderous leaders would advocate these kinds of things? Mr. Speaker, I say to my colleagues, this is the face of terrorism. It is unspeakably evil; and we, the United States of America, are confronted with it on behalf of our citizens. I have no doubt we shall prevail. We have professionals at work who will find those responsible; and they will protect us, as they have done so well. We have the capability to render harmless those who have done this; and we have, I think, the resolve of the people in our land and the leadership of our land committed to this task. There are so many Americans stepping forward in so many ways, doing wonderful things to provide relief, compassionate help and aid where it is needed, the kind word, the message of support, all of these things. We have so many allies and friends, other nations around the world doing the same thing. We can have freedom, and we can have security. We will be debating those things as we go forward. I am reminded of something that happened in Japan after Pearl Harbor which has been referred to. There were some who said, ``We have awoken the sleeping giant. Perhaps we have done too much.'' To those who have done this, I say, indeed, we have woken up; you will be hearing from us. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Rodriguez), my valued colleague and friend. Mr. RODRIGUEZ. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time, I thank my colleagues for bringing this resolution before us. My daughter asked me, What has happened? I could not find the words to explain what has occurred. For on September 11, the agents of evil and hatred have declared war against our country, seeking to use fear as a weapon in a cowardly attack on the World Trade Center in New York and the Pentagon near Washington, D.C. These attacks were, by far, the deadliest ever launched against the United States and, by targeting symbols of American strength and success, clearly were intended to intimidate our Nation and weaken its resolve. But the cowardly perpetrators of these heinous crimes do not know America. They do not know Americans. For freedom is not a vulnerability; it is our strength. Throughout our history we have met every challenge, and we will meet this one. Make no mistake: this was an act of war against the United States and all of our people, and we will not tolerate it. As we experience this tragedy, I have joined, and we have all joined, the President and the Congress and the American people in outrage. As a member of the House [[Page 16820]] Committee on Armed Services and a member of the Terrorism Panel, we will push for action to see that the cruel people who have committed this horrible crime and those who have sponsored them meet with justice expeditiously. With the fall of the Twin Towers and the devastation of the Pentagon, Americans have lost their innocence, but America will not be defeated. We do not know how many lives have been taken. We do not know how many tragic stories we will be hearing. But our hearts and our prayers go out to the many victims, to the loss of life, to the pain and the suffering that is immeasurable. The heroic and selfless actions of those workers, volunteers, State and local officials who responded to the tragic events with courage and determination will not be forgotten. Our prayers go with the victims and with everyone. God bless America. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Michigan (Mr. Ehlers). Mr. EHLERS. Mr. Speaker, in the hours since yesterday morning, my emotions and certainly those of my colleagues in Congress and, indeed, of every American, have ranged from disbelief to shock, anger, and sadness, and then to a determination to see that all those responsible for this reprehensible act be brought to justice, and that we do all we can in our society to prevent a reoccurrence. Since the attacks, I have been deeply moved by the courage of all of those who have been involved in the rescue efforts in New York and Washington, as well as the individual bravery of hundreds of thousands of everyday Americans who have lent helping hands in countless ways. The scenes and stories of the thousands of rescuers who willingly placed themselves in mortal danger in order to rescue survivors, which resulted in hundreds of firemen and police officers ultimately giving their lives in that effort, is something that will stay with me forever. We are truly a Nation of great and heroic people. I know that the thoughts and prayers of everyone in our Nation go out to many people involved in this event: the victims, their families and friends, the rescuers, those involved in the investigation and, certainly, the President on whose shoulders now falls tremendous responsibility. We have many difficult days ahead of us; but this Nation is strong and, by the grace of God, we will survive and grow stronger through this trial, as we have many times before. The terrorists have robbed our Nation of many lives, but we will never let them rob us of our spirit. In closing, let me quote from former President Jerry Ford who made these comments when he received the Congressional Gold Medal last year: ``In the course of some 86 years, I have seen more than my share of miracles. I remain convinced that politics is a very noble calling, one worthy of enlisting the idealisms and commitment of a young America. History tells us that it is only a matter of time before your generation is going to be tested, just as mine was tested by the economic depression of the 1930s, foreign tyranny in two world wars, and the hateful traditions of Jim Crow. To you will fall the responsibility of crafting a political process that rises above focus groups and sound bytes; for supplementing material prosperity with a spiritual purpose and a spiritual goal. But, above all that is new, I hope you never lose the old faith in an America that is bolder, freer, and more just with every passing generation. America is a work in progress, and all of us, past, present and future, have been or will be the torch carriers for liberty and freedom in the 21st century.'' Let us be those torch carriers. May God bless and comfort our Nation and all of our people. Let us follow the path laid out by President Ford. Let us have his hope, and let us all stand firm for our noble cause, let us be workers for justice, and let us be torch carriers for liberty and freedom. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Texas (Mr. Brady). Mr. BRADY of Texas. Mr. Speaker, on behalf of the caring families and communities in the Eighth Congressional District, and on behalf of the members of the Texas Task Force One, the Urban Search and Rescue Team from Texas A&M University who were swiftly deployed to help New York, I rise to pledge our help, our support, and our prayers. {time} 2300 Today we come together to reinforce America's resolve, to state our unqualified support for the President in this time of crisis. We come here also for the very real purpose of trying to show those dearest and nearest to the victims of yesterday's terrorist attack that their deep sense of loss is shared by a Nation. Of loved ones suddenly taken, we hope that in some small way we can help further the sense of a life well fulfilled, a time on Earth well spent, and joyous days to come in a glorious place waiting eagerly for us; of loved ones yet to be found, we pray and hope. Years from now, the vision of September 11, 2001, will mean something different to every eye that sees it. It is a dark day, and to paraphrase the poet Alfred Tennyson, the heavens must surely have filled with shouting at the sheer evil that man plunged upon innocent man. Here on Earth we shouted as well. By any measure, yesterday's attack was a declaration of war on our country, on our shores, and we must act accordingly. In the coming days, our challenge is to aid and comfort the fallen friends while showing the world that America is absolutely unbowed. And then, after due diligence and without mercy, we must calmly and deliberately exact justice from the terrorists responsible, and each complicit government. It will not be easy. ``The times which future generations delight to recall are not those of ease and prosperity, but of adversity bravely borne.'' America has faced unimaginable adversity before, and we have borne it with one voice and one power. If Members believe in justice, believe this: America's time will come, and those who celebrate terrorism will celebrate no more. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that during consideration of House Joint Resolution 61, pursuant to the order of the House of earlier today, debate on the joint resolution be extended by 30 minutes, equally divided and controlled by the chairman and/or his designee and ranking minority member of the Committee on International Relations. The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Simpson). Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from New Jersey? There was no objection. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am very pleased to yield 2 minutes to my dear friend and distinguished colleague, the gentlewoman from the District of Columbia (Ms. Norton). Ms. NORTON. Mr. Speaker, I thank the distinguished gentleman for yielding time to me. As we pray for the September 11 victims and their families, let us remember not only what it means to work in Washington, D.C., but to live in Washington, D.C., like the 600,000 people who call the Nation's capital home. Many of us who serve in this House live here, too, and the rest of us spend as much time in the District as they do in their own districts. The enemy knew well that the way to attack our country was to try to attack this city. If we shift course enough to learn how to safeguard the Nation's capital from the new terrorism, New York and the rest of the country will not be far behind. Understand that this will require a radical reevaluation of security as we have known it. Just as important, it will require that we reconcile our security with our core identity as an open, democratic society. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Johnson). Mr. JOHNSON of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, today we resume the process of [[Page 16821]] moving forward. All across our great land, people are crying out for justice. We as a Nation now know the horror and the terror that so many in the world experience on a daily basis. The actions taken yesterday by a few without a doubt have the sanction of many. Where is the return of good will that the United States so generously hands out? We, the United States of America, are the promoters of democracy and stability, of justice and of the sanctity of human life. Indeed, we have new fears that did not exist before. However, these fears have brought out a new, untapped, infinite reservoir of courage and strength never before witnessed in history. Make no mistake, the perpetrators of this act of cowardice will be found. We are engaged in an undeclared war against a tyranny of historical proportions that has no face, bears no names, and yet has many followers. The battle we wage at this moment is a battle against a diseased and flawed philosophy that encourages the attack and the destruction of that which is good and right. Any one person or multiple persons that would attack our Nation, the symbol of freedom for the world, is attacking the tenets of our liberty and a beacon of hope for the world. As we move forward in the days to come, we must carefully use words such as ``safety'' and ``order,'' and we must be cautious when calling for actions that ``need to be taken for the good of the people.'' I encourage my colleagues to be wary of any suggested government action that would infringe on our freedoms. Any encroachment of our civil liberties is a victory for the perpetrators of yesterday's heinous crimes. We must continually bear in mind the words of Benjamin Franklin when he had stated that ``those who would sacrifice their essential liberty to seek a small portion of temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety.'' Freedom is not our greatest liability, it is our greatest asset. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to my good friend and distinguished colleague, the gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. Neal). Mr. NEAL of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding time to me. Mr. Speaker, I just want to join all who serve in this wonderful House on this occasion, both Democrat and Republican, to condemn in the strongest possible terms the unimaginable and unprecedented terrorist attacks that took place at daybreak yesterday. Not even air should stand between the two political parties on this issue. We are also reminded of the lyrics of that old song, ``What a difference a day makes.'' In what represents the most serious act of aggression on American soil in our Nation's history, a nameless and faceless enemy launched an assault on the very foundation of our society. For many Americans, the memory of planes crashing into the World Trade Center and the Pentagon will be the defining images of a lifetime. No words can really express the feelings of shock, sorrow, and outrage that we all feel, and we are all in the process of mourning in our own way. But soon we are going to desire answers to precisely what happened, why it happened, and how we will prevent it from happening again. That, too, is a natural response. But we also have to be patient, because we need and want our response to be right. Americans have been challenged before, and we will meet this challenge as we have before. We are blessed as a people by having our values and beliefs written into our Constitution, a wellspring to which we repeatedly turn in times of trouble. It is important to remember that this is the act of a small group, and these actions cannot be blamed on any ethnic group to which they belong. That is the foundation on which our Constitution rests, and it is not, even on this occasion, worth giving up. It is clear to the world that we stand united on this issue, and this Congress will support the President as he undertakes action against this enemy. All Congress will support these decisions on rebuilding the devastation we feel today morally and spiritually. We support the determination of the American people to proceed with prosecuting those who are responsible for these actions. It is true now and it will be true as long as it takes to bring these people to justice. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Ohio (Mr. LaTourette), who is chairman of the Subcommittee on Economic Development, Public Buildings, and Emergency Management, and they oversee FEMA. Mr. LaTOURETTE. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding time to me. Mr. Speaker, there are few new thoughts we can add at this hour of the evening about our reflected thoughts of the last 36 hours, but I do appreciate the fact that the House has made it available for every Member who wanted to offer a thought to do so. Aside from an expression of sincere sympathy to all those who have lost a loved one, a prayer today for the souls of those who have perished, and an expression of admiration and thanks to all of those who have struggled mightily to recover and rescue people they do not even know, I would hope that we might all take a moment to contemplate the inhumanity of people who would commandeer four aircraft full of innocent people, including children, with the intent to propel them into buildings filled with thousands of other innocent people who did nothing more than show up to work on a Tuesday morning. These terrorists, Mr. Speaker, are not people in the accepted understanding of the word, and the world will not be safe until they are blotted from the face of the Earth. I have every reason and hope to believe that this Congress is united in its commitment to provide the President of the United States with every resource necessary to search and recover the victims of this horrible tragedy and to search, discover, and destroy this blight upon the human race. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to my distinguished colleague, the gentleman from Wisconsin (Mr. Kind). Mr. KIND. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding time to me. Mr. Speaker, I too rise in support of this resolution and to offer condolences to the victims and their families of these terrorist acts. Yesterday's attack on New York and Washington was a monstrous and cowardly act against the entire United States and our people. It was well-organized and cold-blooded. The world watched as an army of heroes mobilized to help those in need at great risk and personal sacrifice. From my home State of Wisconsin, I have heard from many who share a common sense of grief and an outpouring of support for the victims and their families. Millions are answering the call for blood donations. Once again, our Nation is demonstrating that we can rise to any challenge. We will not be defeated, and living in fear will not be an option. The immediate task before us is to secure the safety of our citizens, both here and abroad, against any future attacks; to care for those victims and their families. Then we must determine how this happened, who is responsible, and how we bring them to justice. Justice will not be obtained overnight. I pray for the patience of the American people and for the patience of our President so that we may seek the truth and hold accountable those who are responsible. It is only through deliberate and thoughtful actions that justice is served and future attacks prevented. Yesterday, our age of innocence ended, just as it ended 60 years ago at Pearl Harbor. But unlike Pearl Harbor, there is no obvious enemy. But like Pearl Harbor, they have awakened a sleeping giant. In the shadow of this terrorist attack, we find ourselves at the dawn of a new era of warfare in the 21st century, one made more sinister by the stealth, cunning, and terror. We will recover from this, but we will never forget this. For those who mean us [[Page 16822]] harm, let there be no mistake that the United States and the rest of the civilized world will unite together to defeat them. We have experienced this harsh reality as no nation should ever have to, and must work to prevent similar attacks both here and abroad. Toward this end, we will need to develop a new international alliance committed to identifying and rooting out terrorists groups before they have the chance to strike. In closing, I pray for the victims and their families; and I pray for leadership in this country that is calm, deliberate, and just, in the midst of fear, anger and a thirst for revenge. In short, leadership worthy of the ideals and values that have made our country strong and just. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from North Carolina (Mr. Hayes), a member of the Committee on Agriculture, and very importantly, with this debate, the Committee on Armed Services. Mr. HAYES. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of this resolution. Yesterday, our Nation suffered the most horrific act of terrorism the world has ever seen. Make no mistake about it, a hostile act of this magnitude should be viewed as an act of war against our Nation. Like everyone here today, I am proud to be an American. I am proud of our Nation today, and I am proud of the values and heritage which have made our Nation great. Our main government was formed on the base principle that our Creator endowed us with the inalienable right of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Our government is charged with ensuring these freedoms and equal protection to us all. Unfortunately, there is unspeakable evil alive and at work in our world and against these principles. That evil perpetrated the terrorist attacks against our Nation yesterday. As we begin our new future, the world can be assured that Americans will respond to yesterday's attacks on three important fronts. First, we will make every effort to provide care for those who are injured and lend comfort to those who have suffered the loss of a loved one. Second, we will provide all necessary intelligence and military resources to ensure that additional terrorist attacks are stopped in the near and long term. Third, our government will use the full assets of our law enforcement and intelligence communities to find the criminals who orchestrated these attacks and all those who aided them in their effort. Once they are found, we will act swiftly and deliberately to punish the guilty and show the world that this type of treachery will not be tolerated. Our country is the brightest light of freedom the world has ever known. The greatness of America emanates from our people, and as we have seen throughout our Nation's history, our people respond to evil like yesterday's acts of terrorism with greatness. May God bless, protect, and guide America. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to our distinguished colleague, the gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. Olver). Mr. OLVER. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding time to me. Mr. Speaker, yesterday America was assaulted by a carefully planned and executed campaign of terrorism. My deepest sympathies go to those who have been touched by this tragedy, the victims and their families, and they include victims and families from my district and my State of Massachusetts. My heartfelt thanks go to the medical personnel, firefighters, policemen, policewomen, and volunteers who have selflessly answered the call. We are forever indebted to those heroic rescue workers who have risked and given their lives in search of additional victims. All of us pray that additional survivors will be rescued from the devastation, and we must be certain that all the needed resources are available to do that. But today we must also look toward the future. We must ensure the safety of our citizens, the primary goal of both military and civilian components of our government. I support the actions already taken by the President to secure the Nation and provide disaster relief. We must mete out punishment for the perpetrators of this attack. Our response must be decisive but carefully calculated. One critical goal of American force and foreign policy must be to mobilize other nations to join together with us to crack down on terrorism with new determination, and we must overhaul our airport security and surveillance procedures so yesterday's disaster cannot happen again. {time} 2315 Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from California (Mr. Gary G. Miller), a member of the Committee on the Budget and the Committee on Financial Services. Mr. GARY G. MILLER of California. Mr. Speaker, I rise to speak in support of House Joint Resolution 61. As the horrific series of events unfolded yesterday, I like most Americans watched in shock as the blatant, cowardly terrorist attacks in New York and Washington took the lives of thousands of our fellow citizens. For far too long, we have stood on the sidelines while terrorist operations around the world have stockpiled weapons, trained their minions, and poisoned the face of the Earth with hate, death, and destruction. We have responded only to retaliate against actions taken directly upon our citizens and our interests. While these actions have been warranted and severe, it has not been enough. Yesterday's attack will be viewed as an act of war against America. Today, we need to console those who have lost so much. We will grieve with our brethren who have lost husbands, wives, mothers, fathers, daughters, and sons. We will grieve the loss of our friends and our fellow citizens in the wake of this terrible, terrible tragedy. However, we need to be firm in reminding our enemies, whomever they may be, that America remains strong, intact, and ready to respond. Do not mistake our grief and our tears as weakness or helplessness. In the coming days and weeks, the United States will again show the fortitude, the wherewithal, and the strength of spirit that has made our Nation the greatest in history. Today, I ask my fellow citizens to be patient. We will find those who have committed this heinous travesty. They will be brought to justice. We must now take this opportunity to send a clear message to those who would question America's unity and perseverance. Acts of terrorism will never go unpunished. America cannot be intimidated. Finally, I ask everyone, each one of us, as American citizens to pray for these victims and for their families. Reach out. Offer what you can to help them as they grieve. Go that extra mile to ensure that those who have survived this trauma are able to rejoin us as a united people, and embrace that spirit that has for so long made America great. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am delighted to yield 2 minutes to my good friend and distinguished colleague, the gentleman from Maryland (Mr. Cummings). Mr. CUMMINGS. Mr. Speaker, today I stand before you with a heavy heart in the wake of yesterday's tragedy. Our prayers go out to the victims and their families, and we give special recognition and thanks to all the courageous personnel and volunteers who have sacrificed to save American lives. In an attempt to heal the Nation during a tragic event of his time, President Lyndon Johnson said, ``Yesterday is not ours to recover, but tomorrow is ours to win or to lose.'' I say to the American people, we will win tomorrow. We will stand united against terrorism and evil. We will do everything in our power to bring all the perpetrators of these cowardly acts of violence to justice and put in place mechanisms to protect our citizens and this Nation from such acts in the future. As I stand in support of this resolution, I stand with my fellow Americans for our precious freedom, and I implore [[Page 16823]] us to stand together as one Nation. A true rainbow of diverse colors, cultures and religions, united against evil. United together, tomorrow is ours to win. I also urge the American people to remember what a great leader said just a few years ago. Jimmy Carter stated, ``We live in a time of transition and an uneasy era which is likely to endure for the rest of this century. During this period, we may be tempted to abandon some of the time-honored principles and commitments which have been proven during difficult times of past generations. We must never yield to this temptation. Our American values are not luxuries but necessities, not salt in our bread but the bread itself.'' May God bless America. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentlewoman from California (Mrs. Bono). Mrs. BONO. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from New Jersey for yielding me the time. Mr. Speaker, the entire world watched as this tragedy struck. Like most Americans, I was transfixed by the horrible drama unfolding on my television screen when, without any warning, the foundation of my building was rocked by the blast of the Pentagon only blocks away. Yesterday's events shook the very heart and soul of our Nation, regardless of whether you were close enough to feel the impact or watching thousands of miles and a continent away. The rage and frustration Americans shared gave way to a clear understanding that our Nation was now at war, and this is a war like no other. Our enemy is invisible and consumed with hate, and the acts perpetrated against America are an assault on all civilized people. Yesterday, the people of California's 44th district lost one of our own. A gentle lady parishioner from Palm Springs, who gave selflessly to help others, lost her life at the hands of cowardly and despicable fiends. My prayers and thoughts are with her family and with the families and loved ones of all of the victims of these heinous acts. Before yesterday, our national security seemed a remote concern. National polls routinely registered very little concern for national security. Indeed, few outside of Washington paid much attention to terrorist acts that were quietly averted nor was there much support outside of Congress for increased funding for intelligence or national security programs. That must, and will, change. Now, there can be no doubt that our first priority must be the security of our people. Today, though shaken and mournful over the loss of so many of our fellow Americans cut down by senseless acts of violence, our will is strengthened and our purpose is very clear. We will hunt down and destroy these agents of evil and bring swift and terrible retribution to those who shelter them. Our Nation is built upon the hopes and dreams of those yearning to live free. From the smoldering ashes of this devastation, a steely resolve has been forged. The bonds that bind these United States will not be broken and we will never ever forget. God bless America. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Rush), our valued colleague. Mr. RUSH. Mr. Speaker, I rise this evening in support of this very important resolution. Yesterday, we witnessed a tragedy too devastating to comprehend. Our hearts were broken as we watched the sanctity of the American workplace being attacked by faceless cowards in a senseless act of terrorism. I say to those spineless scoundrels, America will not be intimidated. America will not be defeated. We will gather greater resolve. We will recapture our focus. We will renew our strength. Throughout our Nation's history Americans have always responded to adversity with singular commitment and boundless courage. Indeed, America was born out of adversity. So, tonight, we pray for every victim and every victim's family. Many lives were lost and now only our prayers can bring the devastated families peace. We must acknowledge that yesterday's assault will change the way we go about our daily business here in this Nation. We must operate under a new, vigorous, and heightened sense of security and with continued courage and focus. We will, Mr. Speaker, search out every cave, look under every rock and scrutinize every crevice on the face of the Earth until we find the cowardly culprits who attacked and killed the innocent of our Nation. At this time, let us stand closer and more unified against the evil forces that threaten not only our liberty but the liberty of freedom- loving people all around the world. So, Mr. Speaker, tonight, to the American people, and to my colleagues in the Congress, I quote Proverbs 3:5-6, ``Trust in the Lord with all your heart and lean not on your own understanding; in all your ways acknowledge Him and He shall direct your path.'' Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to the gentleman from California (Mr. Gallegly). Mr. GALLEGLY. Mr. Speaker, I join my colleagues in standing in strong support of this joint resolution tonight. I rise in strong support of this resolution that condemns the terrorists who murdered our citizens in a planned act of war, extends our condolences to the families and friends of the victims in these attacks, commends the heroes who responded to the scenes of destruction, and supports the punishment of those directly responsible and their sponsors for these acts of war. This is, indeed, a national day of unity and mourning. It is important that we stand here today, as representatives of the people in the People's House, and show our enemies we will not be bowed, that we are strong in our resolve and that we will respond. The hijacked planes attacked New York City and Washington, D.C., but the devastation was wrought from coast to coast. I learned today that one of my neighbors in Ventura County, California, lost her brother-in-law, who was a pilot on one of the doomed aircraft. She is one of thousands of Americans across this great land who mourn today. We owe it to the victims, their families and to all Americans to stand strong and united in our resolve to live in freedom and peace, to promote the same throughout the world, and to punish those who have declared war on our soil and those who protect and encourage them. There will be justice. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Toomey), a member of the Committee on the Budget and the Committee on Financial Services. Mr. TOOMEY. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of this resolution today. The cowardly attack on innocent Americans yesterday is the worst assault on our country and our freedom in our Nation's history. I think we all feel this attack very personally, and we will all keep the victims and their families in our prayers. As many have said, this was an attack on freedom itself, and we cannot allow the evil, cowardly terrorists responsible to win. We must take whatever measures, commit whatever resources necessary to find the people responsible for this atrocity and bring them to justice, and we must also hold fully accountable any country or group which aided or harbored these terrorists in any way whatsoever. Finally, Mr. Speaker, we must take a new approach to fighting terrorism, a proactive, aggressive, and comprehensive approach. It is no longer sufficient to treat these terrorists as ordinary criminals, waiting for them to act and then attempting to apprehend them and convict them of crimes. We know several large, sophisticated, determined terrorist organizations who have declared war against the United States and have demonstrated the ability and intent to carry out acts of terrorism against America, including yesterday's atrocities. These barbarians are worse than criminals. They are enemies in a war that they have launched unprovoked against the United States. It is time for this Congress, our Federal Government, our Nation to engage in this war against these organizations [[Page 16824]] to find them, to destroy them, and to ensure that attacks like yesterday's never happen again. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Washington (Mr. Baird). Mr. BAIRD. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from California for yielding me the time. My friends, yesterday the story was about terrorism, horrible acts, despicable acts conducted by a few crazed individuals who gave their lives to take the lives of others. But let the story tonight and tomorrow and the days to come be not about terrorism but about heroism, the heroism of hundreds who gave their lives to save the lives of others. The firefighters who raced into that burning building knowing full well that it would likely collapse on them and take their lives. The police and rescue squads who raced to the scene in the hopes of saving people who were killed in the rubble. Passengers on that jet, who by their heroic acts may have saved the lives of the people in this building this evening and yesterday. The volunteers who raced to the scene to see if they could help in some way. The heroism of our Armed Forces, on alert even as we speak. The heroism of our staffs who came to work today knowing full well that they too are targets. We are speaking tonight for those who lost their lives and cannot speak. We are also speaking for the hundreds of thousands of constituents we represent, but more than that, we are speaking for the oldest constitutional democratic republic on the history of this Earth; and we say to those who would attack this great Nation, who would attack our freedom, you will never succeed. You will never succeed. Even if you had managed to destroy this majestic building and even if you had killed each and every one of us, others would rise in our place, others would lift our torch of liberty and defend our people and our freedoms. This Nation will persevere and the light of liberty will continue to burn brightly forever. Let each American today and in the weeks to come fly the American flag proudly from their homes and their businesses and their cars and wherever else. Let us show the world America is united, that freedom will persevere, and that terrorism will never succeed. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Georgia (Mr. Linder), a member of the Committee on Rules. Mr. LINDER. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from New Jersey for yielding. By noon on yesterday, I was thinking about a wonderful book I read many years ago by Alan Paton. It was entitled Cry the Beloved Country. On Tuesday we cried, too. We cried for different reasons than Alan Paton, but we too cried for our beloved country. The acts of the terrorists on that unbelievable day were acts of ultimate violation on a society that is so open and so free that even they could travel unrestrained among us. {time} 2330 When the prayers are said, when the tears are dried, when the bodies are buried, we must remember always. The war against terrorism has been engaged in only casually for the past 30 years. Now we must get serious and win it. There are only two sides in this war. To those who believe there is neutral ground, we must say that belief put them on the side of the enemy; and we will punish those with such beliefs. To those who believe that they can quietly harbor and help the terrorists, we must say they are the enemy; and our military will bring our enemies to their knees. To those who commit these unspeakable acts of war, we will find those individuals and kill them. I am not without hope. Eugene McCarthy once observed that America can choke on a gnat, but swallow tigers whole. Mr. Speaker, I have listened for 2 days to the Members of this body. This is the tiger we were sent here to deal with, and we will. There will be no lack of resolution here. There will be no rancor. We will stand behind the President and do what our Nation must do both here and abroad. We must end the time when radicals can inflict pain, suffering and death on innocent citizens without recourse. We must end the ability for nation states to see no evil, hear no evil, and speak no evil, even while living in evil's midst. America has been changed forever through this tragedy. It falls upon us to rebuild the confidence in our society that this great Nation will not cower, that we will be safe again, that freedom works. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to the gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Fattah). Mr. FATTAH. Mr. Speaker, I support this resolution along with my colleagues. We must act, not just speak. Action is our Nation's heavy burden tonight. Let us began first, care for the wounded, rescue any survivors, bury the dead, heal New York and begin to rebuild the Pentagon. Second, think and work to prevent further immediate attacks on our people and infrastructure of all kinds. Finally, determine who is responsible for these attacks and for past acts that have gone unpunished and make them pay their debt to this country. Avoid harm to innocent people but pursue justice for those who have lost their lives. We can do no less. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from California (Mr. Becerra). Mr. BECERRA. Mr. Speaker, I rise, as has my country, to pray for loved ones, to embrace our valiant rescuers, and to condemn the heinous and cowardly acts of abject terrorism that we witnessed yesterday. We, the American family, have lost fathers, mothers and sons, our brother the firefighter, our sister the police officer. Mr. Speaker, Carolina, my wife and I, extend our sincere condolences to all who have suffered a loss, and our hearts and prayers are with those yet to be saved but for whom the candle of hope remains lit. To Clarisa, Olivia, and Natalia, my three daughters, and to all of the children of America, how do we explain this barbarous act of terrorism? I will not try to make sense of it. That is not possible; but from my words and deeds, from the way our country prosecutes this unconscionable crime, I hope they will remember and learn how this country lives and breathes its freedom and relentless search for justice. Perhaps then as our children grow older and wiser, they will be better prepared to preserve life and defend America's values. Mr. Speaker, Godspeed to the heroes who rushed to the disaster to aid victims and, instead, became victims. Godspeed to the courageous and tireless rescuers who work as we speak, temper our sorrow with pride and redemption, strength our resolve. And Godspeed, Mr. Speaker, to our government as one Nation, as an American family, for with us reside the power given by the people to vigorously prosecute this horrendous and unforgivable crime to its end. Justice, democracy, and the will of a freedom-loving people demand no less. Let us represent the people well. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Georgia (Mr. Deal), a member of the Committee on Energy and Commerce. Mr. DEAL of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, today is a day of words, words of outrage at the unspeakable horrors of yesterday; but we know that words cannot provide the bond to heal those wounds; but by our words we extend our arms and embrace the injured and the families of the dead. Yes, today is a day of words; but tomorrow is a day of action. Mr. Speaker, for those who committed these crimes, they do not even begin to know what they have unleashed. Perhaps they look at the United States and see us argue with each other along political, regional or racial lines, and believe that we are weak and divided; but they are wrong. We are a large family that can fuss and fight, but we are still family. Yesterday, terrorists came into our front yard and murdered innocent members of our family. By that action, the terrorists shocked our conscience. But that shock is certainly turning [[Page 16825]] into a growing rage. Terrorists and those who aid and abet them around the world, they are about to learn that hell hath no fury like American anger. Mr. Speaker, I propose that this Congress add a provision to every foreign operations appropriations bill that requires that any Nation or organization before they receive any penny of American money must be certified by the President that they have fully cooperated in apprehending these murderers, and that they have further cooperated in fighting terrorism around the world. If this was done in the name of religion, do not mistake the fact that we call ourselves a Christian Nation as a signal of weakness. Perhaps we have followed the New Testament admonition of turning the other cheek in the past when terrorists have bombed our ships and embassies; but today we turn to the Old Testament and read the phrase, an eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth. Mr. Speaker, since we are speaking in religious terms, let me close by saying to these criminals, using an old Southern religious phrase, you have hell to pay. The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Simpson). The Chair would advise the managers that the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Smith) has 19\1/2\ minutes remaining. The gentleman from California (Mr. Lantos) has 2 minutes remaining. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. Tierney). Mr. TIERNEY. Mr. Speaker, I join Americans everywhere today and tonight, as well as my colleagues here, in expressing our sorrow and sympathy and condolences to every family and friend who has experienced a loss as a result of what went on in yesterday's tragedies. And, unfortunately, there were those in my district who suffered loss, and our hearts go out to all of them this evening. Mr. Speaker, in the face of this trauma, the American character of resolve has shown itself. Untold numbers of citizens have participated in rescue and medical efforts, while others have joined together to comfort victims and their families. Lives have been lost, but lines have been formed as people line up to give blood, and everywhere men and women and boys and girls reach out to help those who are hurt, and that effort will continue. Congress and the President have pledged to work together; and they are going to work together to meet the challenges and work with essential agencies, and every effort will be made to further rescue, further medical treatments, to support victims and families of victims and to address the enhancement of our security throughout this country as we move forward into the future and to identify and hold accountable those responsible for these despicable, cowardly acts. Although everyone continues to experience competing emotions of sorrow and anger and frustration, we are going to refuse to allow these acts to rob us of the values we have as citizens. We will not tolerate these acts against our people or our country, but we shall exercise patience so we rightfully identify anyone responsible for these acts; and once we have done that, then it will be our duty to execute strong and certain recourse. Mr. Speaker, we have the ability and the wherewithal as people to meet these challenges; we have met so many challenges in the past. As we do that, we shall not allow our emotions to override our values as people and as citizens. Our civil liberties and those of all Americans, together with our own sense of justice, will not be abandoned lest we tender to terrorists the victory they have not achieved and they do not deserve. Certainly our lives have now changed, but still our resolve is enforced by the memory of the victims, by their families, and their bravery and selflessness of those who marched into danger to try to be of help. They inspire us as we move forward. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Nebraska (Mr. Bereuter), a senior member of the Committee on International Relations, the Committee on Intelligence, and chairman of the Subcommittee on International Monetary Policy and Trade. Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, it has been an extraordinary afternoon and evening here in the House, and I am moved to comment upon the sentiments that have been expressed: strong comments, high-minded comments, and deeply felt sentiments. I can and do associate myself with all those remarks. I know we are all very proud of the individual examples of heroism and bravery on the part of so many Americans, and we certainly I think all sense a degree of unity and resolve that we have not seen perhaps since 1941. As a member of the Committee on Intelligence 6 years previous and now again as vice chairman since January, I can tell, Mr. Speaker, we have had in the intelligence community many examples of successes against terrorism directed at our homeland. But the inadequacies and the failures of our intelligence are available for all to see. The successes we do not talk about. I recall when I visited General Schwarzkopf's headquarters 4 days after the end of the Persian Gulf war, he reminded us there is never enough intelligence for our field commanders and for our civilian leaders. We face a whole new range of asymmetrical threats against the United States, including terrorism directed at our civilian population. So now we have reached the point where all of our great rhetoric must be matched by actions. Many Members here this afternoon and evening have ended their comments with the words ``God bless America.'' That is most assuredly appropriate, but I think we might also ask God for the wisdom collectively to know what is best for our country and then the resolve and courage to do it. We certainly must match the qualities and the expectations of the people we represent. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, owing to the unprecedented participation in today's debate, we have had over 120 Republican Members who have participated and I am sure the number is similar on the side of the gentleman from California (Mr. Lantos); and owing to the fact that the majority leader, the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Armey), said every Member who wants to participate would be entitled to do so, I understand, if my information is correct, on the Democratic side there are approximately 12 more Members waiting to speak. We have four more as of now. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that during consideration of H.J. Res. 61, pursuant to the order of House of earlier today, debate on the joint resolution be extended an additional 30 minutes, equally divided and controlled by the chairman of the Committee on International Relations or his designee and the ranking minority member. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from New Jersey? There was no objection. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Hinojosa). Mr. HINOJOSA. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of this resolution. Yesterday our shores, our security, and our sense of ourselves as a Nation suffered a heinous cowardly attack, a blatant act of war that demands a like response. Innocent American men, women, and children in civilian airplanes were used and converted into the deadly missiles that destroyed thousands of people in our most important centers of military and economic enterprise. The terror of those moments cannot cow us. They must only serve to steel and solidify our resolve. {time} 2345 From the stretches of the Rio Grande to the reaches of the Great Lakes, from the shorelines in the Pacific to every skyscraper on our eastern shore, compassionate and disciplined American men and women will do what is necessary, search for our survivors in the rubble at the New York World Trade Center and the Pentagon in Washington, D.C., care for our wounded, volunteer to donate blood, reach out and [[Page 16826]] comfort the grieving, ensure our school children of their safety, and do our Nation's business in State and Federal Government buildings, in banks, in the fields, and in factories. The quiet determination of American resolve will grow. The message and the action must be clear. America is a Nation of law, and the lawless terrorists behind this attack on our Nation must be punished and brought to their knees. America is a Nation of peace, but peace will be defended from those who make war. We have the intelligence, the technology and the will to pursue our enemies and put an end to their illusions of invulnerability. We will find them. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Oregon (Mr. Walden) who is a member of the Committee on Resources as well as the Committee on Energy and Commerce. Mr. WALDEN of Oregon. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of this resolution. While the terrorists crashed their planes here on the East Coast, the emotional wreckage is strewn across our Nation. From New York City to Dalles, Oregon, families are grieving tonight over the loss of loved ones. My thoughts and prayers are with those who were harmed or killed by this horrific but cowardly act of terrorism. They and their families have our deepest sympathies. Our prayers go to those brave men and women who even tonight are risking their lives to save the lives of others. September 11 is indelibly scarred in the soul of our country as a day when terrorists who have no conscience, who have no decency, challenged our very freedom and independence. Those who challenge America and harm her citizens through acts of terrorism shall be hunted down and annihilated. Let the world know that those countries that give aid or safe harbor to such terrorists shall incur our wrath also. They share fully in the responsibility of the actions of the terrorists whom they supported. America is a patient Nation. We are a tolerant people. But our patience and our tolerance have run out. The wolf is rising in our hearts. Our Nation's great strength comes from our freedom and our independence. And we will defend our way of life. Our Nation's great sense of purpose comes from its people. And we will defend our citizens. We will beef up our security, we will enhance our intelligence gathering, and we will make America safe and free again. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am delighted to yield 2 minutes to my good friend and distinguished colleague, the gentlewoman from New York (Ms. Slaughter). Ms. SLAUGHTER. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time. I would like to paraphrase an editorial from Toronto that I think we really ought to hear. It was written by a man named Gordon Sinclair who is the voice that we always hear on a program called As It Happens. This Canadian thinks it is time to speak up for the Americans as the most generous and possibly the least appreciated people on all the Earth. Germany, Japan and to a lesser extent Britain and Italy were lifted out of the debris of war by the Americans who poured billions of dollars and forgave other billions in debts. None of these countries is today even paying interest on the remaining debts it owes to the United States. When France was in danger of collapsing in 1956, it was the Americans who propped it up, and their reward was to be insulted and swindled on the streets of Paris. I was there. I saw it. When earthquakes hit distant streets and cities, it is the United States that hurries in to help. This spring, 59 American communities were flattened by tornadoes. Nobody helped. The Marshall Plan and the Truman policy pumped billions of dollars into discouraged countries, and now newspapers in those countries are whining and writing about the decadent, warmongering Americans. Why does no other land on Earth even consider putting a man or woman on the Moon? You talk about Japanese technocracy and you get radios. You talk about German technocracy and you get automobiles. But you talk about American technocracy and you find men on the Moon, not once but several times, and safely home again. You talk about scandals, and Americans put theirs right in the store window for everyone to look at. Even their draft dodgers are not pursued and hounded. They are here on our streets in Canada, and most of them, unless they are breaking Canadian laws, are getting American dollars from ma and pa at home to spend here. When the railways of France, Germany and India were breaking down through age, it was the Americans who rebuilt them. When the Pennsylvania Railroad and the New York Central Railroad went broke, nobody loaned them an old caboose. Both are still broke. I can name you 5,000 times when Americans raced to the help of other people in trouble. Can you name even one time when someone else raced to the Americans in trouble? I don't think there was outside help even during the San Francisco earthquake. Our neighbors have faced it alone, and I am tired of hearing them get kicked around. They will come out of this thing with their flag high. And when they do, they are entitled to thumb their nose at the lands that are gloating over their present troubles. I hope Canada will never be one of those. Stand proud, America. I think we need to hear that. It does us a little good to remember who we are. On the morning of September 11, our nation experienced a tragedy of unspeakable proportions. Four commercial passenger jets were hijacked with devastating consequences. Thousands of people are known or presumed to be dead, and thousands more have been injured. We are all brokenhearted over the needless loss of life that has occurred. Too many beloved spouses, parents, siblings, and children had their futures snatched away by madmen. Scores of firefighters, police officers, and rescue personnel were lost when their dedication drove them to the scene and into the damaged buildings to help the victims. These men and women are national heroes. As time passes, more stories of heroism will emerge--people who put their own lives at risk in order to aid others. I am astounded and very proud to have heard how many people stayed calm in the midst of chaos. Time and again, we heard how perfect strangers reached out to help each other survive and escape. In the worst of circumstances, the very best in these people emerged. I am deeply proud, as a New Yorker, of the great strength and courage showed by the people of this city and state and their leaders. The mayor and other local leaders were on the scene, demonstrating that they would not submit to terror. The outpouring of support, volunteers, and donations from around the city, state, and nation are a testament to the fundamental generosity and greatness of spirit found in New Yorkers and, indeed, in all Americans. If these terrorists believed that they could intimidate America with these despicable acts, they are very, very wrong. As Americans, we pride ourselves on being tough and resilient, even defiant. These heinous crimes will only stiffen our resolve never to bend in the face of terrorist threats. We will find the people responsible for these crime, and they will pay a heavy price. As Members of Congress, we have returned to the Capitol today to conduct the business of the nation. We are hard at work, and we will get the job done. As a demonstration of solidarity, I have asked all of my constituents to fly the American flag. America shall not be bowed. We will stand strong before this act of unspeakable cowardice, and we shall prevail. God bless America. Volunteers Prepare For N.Y.C.'s Call (Liz Foran and Greg Livadas) While medical personnel and Red Cross volunteers prepared to travel to New York City to help at the World Trade Center, hundreds of other local people waited in line for up to eight hours yesterday to replenish blood supplies. ``I figured they were going to need all the help they could get,'' said Irondequoit resident Carolyn McMahon, who went to the Prince Street donation center yesterday. Three local Rural/Metro Medical Services ambulances and more than a dozen local staff members planned to leave Rochester at 3 a.m. Today to be in New York City by 11 a.m., spokesman Darrell Grigg said. ``We don't even know where in New York City we're going,'' he said. ``We will be unsure what we'll be doing, whether assist in [[Page 16827]] rescue and recovery, helping emergency services within the city or being involved in the operations in transferring some of the stable patients to hospitals in the area.'' Rochester Fire Capt. Pete Rizzo, part of a statewide Urban Search and Rescue Team, left yesterday for New York City to assist officials there while area firefighters, medics, morticians and social workers readied teams. ``I'm a little bit apprehensive, but I'm really glad I can step in and help,'' said Michael Rood, director of the Salvation Army's William Booth Haven men's shelter and a social worker. Rood and seven other Salvation Army social workers will travel to Syracuse for advanced training in anticipation of a call for help from New York. Rochester Fire Capt. Daniel McBride said dozens of local firefighters are ready to help firefighters in New York City should there be the need. ``I would go down in a heartbeat,'' McBride said. ``There's a tremendous need I hear unconfirmed reports of over 200 firefighters unaccounted for. They've taken a big hit.'' Those without specialized training found other ways to help--mainly by donating blood. Area blood donations centers extended hours until 10 p.m. yesterday and tonight. Sybil Miller, spokes-women for the American Red Cross blood Services for the New York-Penn Region, said about 1,000 pints of blood from the region, which includes Rochester, will be sent to New York City. ``We have earmarked half of our local supply to be sent to New York a soon as they say they need it,'' Miller said. Officials at New York City's largest blood donation center said they could run out of O-negative blood by late yesterday. They had only 40 pints of O-negative left yesterday afternoon. The need for blood may be just as great locally, as hospitals prepare for the possibility of receiving patients transferred from inundated New York City hospitals. ``I really don't know what to expect,'' said Monroe County health director Dr. Andrew Doniger, who expects to know more today. Area hospitals have cleared beds and assessed their surgery schedules for the coming days in preparation, Doniger said. He added that the many hospitals downstate, and in Pennsylvania and New Jersey, would have to be overwhelmed first before upstate hospitals would be called in to help. Area hospitals and the Medical Society of Monroe County have also assembled lists of physicians who would be willing to volunteer at hospitals in New York City and Washington, D.C. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Minnesota (Mr. Kennedy), a member of the Committee on Agriculture and the Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Mr. KENNEDY of Minnesota. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of the resolution today. Our hearts and prayers go out to those who have lost their loved ones in the recent atrocious and cowardly acts. Our spirits are lifted by the countless acts of courage and heroism and for those that have sacrificed their lives for others. To some, we appeared weak yesterday. Yet as we gathered together to pray under the Capitol dome just minutes ago, I am reminded of Paul's words to the Corinthians, ``When I am weak, then I am strong.'' In my own life, I have repeatedly found that it is only when I am weak, by surrendering my own will to God's will, that I am strong. America itself has repeatedly shown that when it appears weak, it is strong. We need only to look to the example of Pearl Harbor. I have great confidence that under God's guidance, America will rise from this moment of apparent weakness and again serve as a strong beacon of hope and liberty to the world. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am very pleased to yield 2 minutes to my good friend and distinguished colleague, the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Bentsen). Mr. BENTSEN. Mr. Speaker, like all the Members here and like all Americans, I was shocked and quite frankly stunned at the actions that occurred yesterday. As we look at the news and the video of the actions over and over again, it is just unbelievable that America and Americans could suffer this type of attack, this cruel, cowardly, dastardly attack of terrorists. As a young man, I spent some time in New York and I have been in and out of the World Trade Center more times than I can remember. I know some of those firms that are there. I do not think I know anybody who is working there or was working there. I hope I do not know anybody who was still there. But it is unbelievable to me that this attack on America's power and prestige could have taken place. But what is also unbelievable is the response of the American people here at the Pentagon, the American people in New York, responding to it. The firefighters, the police, the people that went back into the buildings, the people who gave their lives who did not have to. The collateral damage was the flesh and blood of Americans. But the collateral damage was not and should not be the American ideal. As we resolve to move forward and to show the terrorists, whoever they may be, that we will strike back, and that we will continue to prosper and to grow and be the greatest Nation in the history of the Earth, we must not lose the American ideal. That was preserved yesterday in the carnage that occurred by this cowardly, dastardly attack. We must not forget. And we should not allow our fellow Americans who died yesterday to die in vain. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Minnesota, (Mr. Gutknecht), a member of the Committee on Agriculture, the Committee on the Budget, and the Committee on Science. Mr. GUTKNECHT. I thank the gentleman for yielding time. Mr. Speaker, every generation faces its own challenge. We in our day met ours on Tuesday morning. Our ancestors looked squarely into the ugly face of Naziism and of communism. They knew that the future of all they held dear counted on them. They understood the stakes. They met the challenge. They prevailed. And the world is better for it. The ``ism'' that we must defeat is terrorism. We will bury our dead, we will comfort the wounded, we will rebuild those buildings. But if we fail to defeat this enemy, all of our burying and building will be in vain. The attacks against innocent Americans were acts of war. The souls of the victims cry out. They cry out a warning. If we fail to defeat terrorism, there will be more attacks, and more victims. We must commit ourselves to a total war. Clauschwitz said that the goal of any military encounter is to destroy the enemy's will to fight. This must be our goal. We must destroy their will to advance their agenda through terror. We must raise the price of practicing terror so high that generations to come will gag at the very thought. There have been many times in our Nation's history when our adversaries have miscalculated the steely resolve in the American spirit. They miscalculate us now. The war that we must confront will not be easy. There will be dark days. We may not win every battle. But we will and we must wage the war with valor and with vigor. We must and, with the grace of God, we will prevail. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to my valued friend and colleague, the gentlewoman from Michigan (Ms. Rivers). Ms. RIVERS. Mr. Speaker, today America is defined by emotions, grief, disbelief and rage. Our hearts ache for the victims of the senseless violence unleashed on New York City and Washington, D.C. These victims who became targets simply by arriving for work or getting on an airplane touch us deeply. These were ordinary people, doing ordinary things, and yet they found themselves consumed by a maelstrom of evil. Americans of every color, ethnicity, religion and political perspective have joined together to comfort grieving families, to condemn yesterday's barbaric and inexcusable acts, and with a single voice to cry out for justice. But our search for justice must be pursued carefully. We must guard against a rage that turns blind. We must direct our full fury toward the perpetrators of this great evil along with those who give them aid and comfort. But we must act with informed certainty and punish only the guilty, not those who simply look like them or have similar surnames or live near them. Additionally, as we consider legislation to address this crisis, each proposal must be passed before the great lens of our Constitution, the cornerstone of our Republic and our freedoms. Americans will be scarred by the [[Page 16828]] assault that took place just hours ago, but we will go on. Our people, and our democracy, are resilient. While America has many faces, she has but a single soul. We are a free people with a love of liberty and a history of generosity and compassion. We will join hands with other Americans and with those international allies who feel as we do about this hideous affront to the civilized world. Edmund Burke said nearly 300 years ago, ``When bad men combine, the good must associate. Else they will fall, one by one.'' Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from South Dakota (Mr. Thune), the chairman of the Subcommittee on Rural Enterprises, Agriculture, and Technology. Mr. THUNE. I thank the gentleman for yielding time. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of this resolution. The casualty numbers keep mounting in New York and at the Pentagon. I had the chance this evening to see, Mr. Speaker, up close the wreckage. Pictures really do not do it justice. They do not capture the destruction, because it is much more gripping in real life. Like many Americans, as I viewed the pictures from a distance on television, it was hard to fully capture the horror and the terror that befell people working in New York and at the Pentagon. Yet after seeing it up close, you cannot help but be struck by the realization that somebody's father, somebody's mother, somebody's brother, somebody's daughter is not coming home. I cannot comprehend the pain that these families will deal with. {time} 0000 So I say to the people of New York and the people of Virginia and Maryland and D.C., that the people of South Dakota grieve with you and support you. In past disasters, you have been there for us. We will be there for you, and we are praying for you. The people of South Dakota stand with our President, President Bush, in protecting and defending American citizens and American freedoms. We are a people who deeply value freedom, and yesterday's acts of terrorism were an assault on those freedoms. And war was not declared just on this Nation, but on the entire free world, because free nations cannot abide the companionship of the kind of hatred that prompted the murderous acts that we witnessed yesterday. We will respond. And to the terrorists, those who prey on weakness, those terrorist bullies who committed these acts, we will face you with strength. You can run, but you cannot hide. We are coming after you. We will find you, and there will be a reckoning. God bless America, and God bless the American people. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am delighted to yield 2 minutes to my good friend the distinguished gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. Frank). Mr. FRANK. Mr. Speaker, endless repetition is sometimes the bane of this place, but today and tonight it has served an important purpose. It demonstrates the resolve transcending every difference in our society, partisan, ideological, racial, regional, and religious, to demonstrate to the perpetrators of this monstrous act that they are terribly wrong in thinking that democracy is a source of weakness. We are unanimous in our resolve to demonstrate to them and to anyone else who doubts it that democracy remains a source of great strength. We will do that by waging a just war on this murderous gang, and on any governments that have been supportive of them. But we will do it in a way that will show not simply our physical superiority, but our moral superiority, because we will maintain a respect for innocent life that this gang showed no respect for. We will do it by showing that, in a democracy, we decide our public policies by the deliberative process; and no effort to blackmail or terrorize us into changing what this country decides is in our best interests, domestically or internationally, is going to work. If anything, it will backfire. And we will do it by fully empowering our security forces, who did such a wonderful job yesterday in the face of terrible adversity, to defend ourselves internally and externally in a way that is both effective and fully consistent with our own democratic traditions. Let me make explicit what a number of us have said: our fight, our war, is with the murderous fanatics who perpetrated this act. It is not with all followers of the Islamic religion, it is not with people of Arab descent who live in this country or elsewhere. We have the capacity as the greatest and strongest democracy in the history of the world to concentrate our resources in self-defense, both in the immediate sense against these murderers and in the future to protect ourselves in a way that will once again make people understand the strength of democracy. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Pennsylvania (Mr. Sherwood), a member of the Committee on Appropriations. Mr. SHERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, my eloquent colleagues have talked about this terrible act and what has been perpetrated on our soil and our people and the innocent casualties that are mounting every day. Our hearts go out to all those that have lost their families and been wounded, especially the emergency responders that were doing their job and had the building come down around them and kill them. We have talked about this. We had a prayer vigil tonight. We have prayed about it. Mr. Speaker, the time for talk and the time for prayer, however important, is behind us. Now is the time to act. We need to react to these terrorists with overwhelming force. We need them to understand that this can never happen again. God bless the Americans that we have lost, and God bless America. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to my good friend, the distinguished gentleman from Indiana (Mr. Roemer). Mr. ROEMER. Mr. Speaker, our American revolutionary soldiers traipsed through the snow 225 years ago, and it was noted that their tracks could be found by the blood in the snow. Thomas Paine said, ``These are the times that try men's souls.'' September 11, 2001, tried our Nation's soul. And just as the British underestimated those soldiers 225 years ago, these cold-blooded culprits have badly underestimated the United States' steel resolve. Last night, I went to the Pentagon; and at midnight, I looked up at our fortress where our military stays and saw a building collapsed like a marshmallow accordion by these terrorist acts. I looked behind me and the only inspiration of that day occurred then when I saw an army of Americans behind me, lit up by the lighting, people in the medical profession, excavators, FBI teams picking up small pieces of the airplane. That is what Lincoln talked about, the better angels of our nature. But our history and legacy is not just about goodness and fairness; it is about force, and it is about justice. Quoting John Paul Jones, ``We have not yet begun to fight.'' When we identify these people, we will track them over hills and valleys and up mountain tops, and they will get their just due. You can count on it. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentlewoman from Ohio (Ms. Pryce). Ms. PRYCE of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I thank the honorable chairman for yielding me time. Today, first and foremost, our hearts go out to the victims and families affected by yesterday's sad and shocking attacks. The stories of tragedy and the compelling stories of heroism that have begun to emerge from the smoke and the shattered buildings will forever be a part of this black day that has been burned into our national memory. But let these days that follow be remembered not just for our sadness and anger, but for our national resolve. As a Nation, we must now pull together to overcome this vicious attempt to break our national spirit. [[Page 16829]] Those responsible for yesterday's horrific events have seriously miscalculated the strength and resolve of Americans. Our sense of security may be temporarily unsteadied, but our unity is emboldened. Our bonds of liberty, our bonds of freedom, our bonds of democracy are stronger and run deeper than any individual, than any building, than any monument, and no act of violence, no knives or sharpened razors, can ever sever them. We will not be intimidated by these cowards. We will remain committed until those responsible learn the steep cost of taking innocent lives, innocent American lives, on American soil. The flame of liberty remains bright and will continue to shine upon the world, casting deep into the dark shadows of violence, intolerance and extremism. There will be no corner on this Earth where the demons of September 11 will be safe from justice. For now, we must go on with our daily lives, because to do otherwise would be giving into the evil behind these events. In our schools and offices, in our neighborhoods and churches, we must help our families, our friends and our neighbors begin the healing process. I urge my fellow Americans to donate blood, to volunteer, to offer their prayers and their assistance to help those in need. As America recovers, we will also pursue our attackers and fight on. Mr. Speaker, we are at war with the most vicious, most cowardly and most wicked enemy we have ever faced as a Nation. But America will not go gentle into that good night. For those we have lost and for the future of our Nation and the freedom we hold dear, we will strive, we will persevere, and we will prevail. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to my friend and valued colleague, the gentleman from Michigan (Mr. Stupak). Mr. STUPAK. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me time as I rise to support this resolution. Mr. Speaker, when the President spoke last night, he spoke for all Americans when he said terrorist attacks can shake great buildings, but cannot shake the foundations of American democracy. We stand with the President when he says those countries which harbor terrorists must share the responsibility for their acts with those who commit them. We stand united in our grief for the families who have lost loved ones. We pray for those who still do not know the fate of their loved ones. And we stand ready to help, as best we can, those emergency personnel who are looking for survivors and are undertaking the grim task of recovery. Finally, we stand together, literally together, on the floor of this House, where the work of this great Nation continues. People across the Nation, people here in Congress, have lined up to give blood and to make other kinds of donations. We will show terrorists and would-be terrorists that while you can strike at us, you cannot subdue the strength and spirit of this great country, a strength and spirit that lies within each of us. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to the gentleman from New Hampshire (Mr. Bass). Mr. BASS. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the pending resolution. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Combest), the very distinguished chairman of the Committee on Agriculture. Mr. COMBEST. Mr. Speaker, we pray for and extend our sympathies to those who have lost friends and loved ones. We commend and celebrate those who are working day and night to serve the injured and the harmed. This is American resolve at its best, and it is this resolve that should shake the souls of those responsible for this act. Yesterday, they hit us hard and they hurt us terribly. They watch as we pick up the pieces, as we bandage our wounds, and as we bury our dead. They joy in our pain, they relish in our losses. And they made a big mistake, and they should get prepared, for they are about to feel our pain. The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Simpson). The gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Smith) has 18\1/2\ minutes remaining, and the gentleman from California (Mr. Lantos) has 1 minute remaining. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, will my good friend request additional time? Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to my friend, the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Ferguson). Mr. FERGUSON. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me time. Mr. Speaker, just moments ago, I arrived back here in Washington from my home State of New Jersey, where I spent the day visiting hospitals and Red Cross centers and, finally this evening, an interfaith prayer service in one of our communities. While we will send a very clear message with our vote tonight in this House that the unbelievable and tragic and cowardly violence of the last 24 or 36 hours will not stand, Americans in New York and New Jersey and across this Nation have already begun to send that signal through their heroism, through their acts of bravery, through their selfless giving of their time and their energy, of their blood. Americans across this Nation have already begun to send a very clear message, not only that we will go out and track down and punish the perpetrators of these heinous acts, but that we as a Nation will continue to stand in solidarity with one another, to make sure that we as a people, as human beings, will never let this stand. Not on our soil. {time} 0015 Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, we have no further requests for time, but I would just note to the membership that, again, pursuant to the majority leader's statement that every Member who wants to speak on this vital issue will have that opportunity, my understanding is that the gentleman from California (Mr. Lantos) has six additional speakers, so I would like to again ask unanimous consent that during consideration of H.J. Res. 61, pursuant to the order of the House of earlier today, debate on the joint resolution be extended for an additional 30 minutes, equally divided and controlled by the chairman and ranking minority member of the Committee on International Relations. Mr. Speaker, let me be clear that we have no additional requests for time, and we intend on yielding back to expedite these proceedings. The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Simpson). Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from New Jersey? There was no objection. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Smith) for his courtesy. Mr. Speaker, I am delighted to yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from California (Ms. Millender-McDonald), my friend and neighbor and my distinguished colleague. Ms. MILLENDER-McDONALD. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time. I rise today in strong support of this resolution. On behalf of my constituents in the 37th Congressional District in California, I offer condolences and prayers and support for the families and loved ones of New York, the State of California, and across this Nation devastated by the wanton terrorism perpetrated on these United States of America. This cowardice act against our Nation is permanently etched in the memories of all Americans. As I think about my grandchildren, Ayanna, Myles, Ramia and Blair, I think about the psychological toll it has taken on our children who suffer from the ills of this heinous crime that is devastating. However, let it be known that the President and the Members of Congress who stand in this hallowed Chamber shoulder to shoulder will move with swift deliberation to bring justice and to restore confidence to the American people. Our buildings are shattered, but not our resolve, not our democracy. Yet in the face of this unspeakable tragedy, we thank our firefighters, law [[Page 16830]] enforcement officers, the Red Cross, FEMA, and numerous volunteers for their quick response, daring courage, and unrelenting commitment. Their noble service is immeasurable. As a senior Member who serves on the House Subcommittee on Aviation, I pledge to the American people that I will work with the Secretary of Transportation and the FAA, with whom I have met, to make sure that air travel is safe to fly again. We must applaud our air traffic controllers and the ground crew at airports across this Nation who directed over 2,200 flights from the hostile airways to safe harbors. Mr. Speaker, this has been a tragic moment here in America. We will think back on September 11 as the deadliest assault on America in recent history, but we shall move with resolve to bring the responsible people to justice. We are a united America. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Louisiana (Mr. Jefferson), my friend and valued colleague. Mr. JEFFERSON. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time. Mr. Speaker, in the early 1800s, Percy Bysshe Shelley penned these words in exhorting a wounded people of his day: ``Rise like lions after slumber in invanquishable number. Shake your chains to earth like dew which in sleep had fallen on you. Ye are many, they are few.'' Mr. Speaker, when I reflect on the events of September 11, 2001, these words of this 19th century poet come to mind. Many Americans have lamented that the horrific terrorist acts of yesterday have changed America forever. I beg to differ. America has not changed. We have merely rediscovered and rekindled a latent attribute that defines us as no other people on Earth: our invanquishable spirit. The chains that we are shaking to Earth like the morning dew after slumber are the chains of complacency regarding our vulnerability toward terrorism. With this realization, there can be no doubt that we will defeat the evil that shook, but that did not shatter, our national spirit. Mr. Speaker, my heart grieves for the victims of yesterday's terrorist acts, for their families and loved ones. But, Mr. Speaker, amidst this palpable grief, I am comforted, as these families should be, by the fact that they now have an extended family of some 250 million people, 250 million men, women and children, united and strong as lions rising after a slumber. Finally, I am also heartened by the response from the world community, from virtually every nation and every people, a response of unity with our Nation. This response further illustrates the truth of Shelley's observations as expressed through his poetry. We, the people of the world, they are saying, cherish the freedom and democracy for which America stands. We are the many, they are saying with us, the terrorists are the few. So not only will America rise from this unspeakable tragedy like lions, we can be assured that so much of the rest of the world is ready to rise in its exalted purpose with us. Mr. Speaker, together, we will indeed be invanquishable. Therefore, Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of this resolution. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Texas (Mr. Edwards), my friend and colleague. Mr. EDWARDS. Mr. Speaker, yesterday our Nation was shocked by a despicable act of cowardice. Today, even as we grieve and pray for those killed, injured and missing, America will show the world that our national spirit cannot be broken by the acts of terrorists. In times of threat and tragedy, the American family has always come together, and we do so again today. With strong faith and resolve, we are already working together to help the victims and their families, to punish the guilty, and to move our Nation forward. Those who underestimated the American spirit should know that today our President and Congress are working in unity to carry out the business of our Nation and to hunt down the perpetrators of this attack against all of the American people. Once again, American military personnel have sacrificed their lives and service to our Nation. May our country honor them and the courageous rescue workers and all who have died with our prayers, our unity, and our firm commitment to protect Americans' freedom and security. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3\1/2\ minutes to the gentlewoman from Connecticut (Mrs. Johnson), the chairman of the Subcommittee on Health of the Committee on Ways and Means. Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time. I would like to just share three thoughts, most of which have already been shared this evening. My first is simply to express my heartfelt sympathy for the families of the victims of this mindless terrorism. May we each help you as you face the pain of your loss. May our prayers, our thoughts, neighborly gestures, that long line of people willing to give blood, letters from those who knew your sons and daughters, grandchildren, relatives, friends and coworkers, be of some small comfort to you for paying this terrible price of living in a free society in a troubled world. Secondly, I want to say how proud I am to be an American, to witness our ability to rally, to help each other, to stand tall in the face of senseless, cowardly, vicious terrorism. To all of those policemen, firemen, volunteers, health care providers, folks of all sorts who have come out to help to save lives, to rebuild, we are strong. Thirdly, and hear this, our friends around the world, America is now at war. It is the first war ever fought against a non-nation entity, but it is war nonetheless, and again a well-organized, well-funded, focused enemy. While its energies are focused against America now, terrorism is everyone's enemy. The weapons it is developing can be used by any terrorist group, against any object of one's hate. So while it is terrorism against the United States today, its success strengthens the name of terrorism and will enable others to use this weapon, even against sponsoring nations in the future. Terrorism is not rational, is not just, is not honest; but it is passionate and powerful. Differences between nation states can be reconciled. Diplomacy, U.N. peacekeeping forces, intervention by allies are all tools we have developed to help nations resolve differences peacefully, to preserve the lives, hopes and dreams of all of their people and the prosperity and the hope for the common good of all. These tools cannot be used against non-nation states. That is why they are the ultimate danger. Terrorism endangers us all, for it allows only one answer: violence. So we are at war. It is a war we must win, and it is one all of our allies have an interest in joining us to win. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am delighted to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Wisconsin (Mr. Barrett), my friend and colleague. Mr. BARRETT of Wisconsin. Mr. Speaker, I stand tonight in prayer and sorrow, sorrow for the victims of this terrible attack, sorrow for their families, sorrow for Linda George whose brother, Bryan, works with me. Linda was a passenger on one of the planes that was hijacked yesterday. I stand in sorrow for the families of people I never knew, people like Nicole Miller, Tom Burnett, Cora Holland, Barbara Keating, John Jenkins, Amy King, Patrick Quigley, Kenneth Lewis, Rodney Dickens, Mark Gingham, and hundreds, if not thousands, of others; all Americans who did not deserve to die in this wicked attack. Mr. Speaker, I stand tonight in hope. Hope for the families who are still praying that their loved ones may miraculously be saved in the rubble in New York City; hope for people like Andrea Haberman, a young woman from Wisconsin who was on her first business trip to New York and was in the World Trade Center at the time of the attack. Mr. Speaker, I stand tonight in heartfelt thanks, thanks to the firefighters, police officers and rescue [[Page 16831]] workers who risked or gave their lives to help others. Every American should be proud and thankful for their bravery and service to others. Finally, Mr. Speaker, I stand tonight in determination, determination that the perpetrators of this horrible attack will be quickly identified and brought to justice. They will see that America will not allow this crime to go unpunished. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished gentleman from Colorado (Mr. Schaffer). Mr. SCHAFFER. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding me this time. What an awesome opportunity it has been, Mr. Speaker, for all of us to be a part of listening and observing the eloquence of the country propounded from these microphones by representatives from every State in the Nation, both parties, all races, religious beliefs, political viewpoints. This is the best of America, and it represents why America is the best country in the world, and it also suggests the reasons why perhaps America has been a target in the last 2 days. {time} 0030 America's financial institutions are the best in the world because they are free. That is why they have perhaps been a target. Our airlines are the best in the world. They have been a target, too. The sentiments expressed by people from around the country today suggest what it really means to be an American, these notions that God has given us the rights that have been enshrined in our Declaration of Independence 225 years ago by the most visionary leaders in the history of human civilization: this notion that God has given us the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Every American who revels in those joyous rights also knows the last line of that Declaration: that we must be prepared to pledge to ourselves and each other our lives, our fortunes, and our sacred honor. All those who have contributed to the greatness of America have been willing to pledge those very elements for the greatness of their country. Some have given their lives. Some have lost their fortunes. But the sacred honor of America has never been stronger. Mr. Speaker, we beg God for his mercy and the repose of the souls of those lives that have been lost, for those lives that are in peril today. Also, Mr. Speaker, we also must pray for those perpetrators. They are about to meet their makers, too. Mr. Speaker, the greatness of America stands strong. Americans should hold their heads high and be proud. We are the greatest Nation on the planet, and we will be emboldened and empowered by this challenge and those challenges that lie before us. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to my friend and colleague, the gentleman from Tennessee (Mr. Clement). Mr. CLEMENT. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding time to me. Mr. Speaker, I want to say to the gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Smith) and the gentleman from California (Mr. Lantos), they both have give us a splendid opportunity tonight, and have given everyone an opportunity to speak from their soul and from their heart about this true tragedy that we have had in America. I want to say to the gentleman from California (Mr. Lantos) over here, he is our only Holocaust survivor in the United States Congress, a true humanitarian. But he knows from another day and another time and another crisis that we cannot look the other way. We as Americans cannot look the other way either. I remember when Jack Kennedy and Martin Luther King lost their lives in that terrible assassination. I knew where I was and I knew what I was doing. I will never forget the day, September 11, 2001, when I was watching television and thought just an accident had happened, that a plane had happened to hit one of the World Trade Center towers. And then what happened? Just 17 minutes later, the second tower was hit. Then we knew, the world knew, the United States knew, that we had terrorism on our hands. Then I was driving to the U.S. Capitol, and I see all that smoke and all that fire from the Pentagon, and all the tragedy and all the loss of lives. We know that terrorism is systematic. We know that we are in a real battle. It is not going to be easy for any of us in order to bring this terrorism to a halt, because we know they are organized. We know that they believe in hatred, they believe in negativism, and many of them have been programmed that way. Support this resolution, support America, and let us continue to fight for freedom and democracy. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to my friend and colleague, the gentleman from New York (Mr. Owens). Mr. OWENS. Mr. Speaker, this is a time for mourning. No one should be ashamed to cry. We are all united as one with the numerous victims of this attack on American civilians. My daughter-in-law was due to work at 9:30 a.m. on the 68th floor of the World Trade Center. She had to drop my grandson off at a nearby day-care center, and with her baby in her arms, she watched in horror from the street as the first plane struck the first tower. How fortunate I am that it only took 4 hours to find out that the two of them were safe. All decent people are touched, but this intimate brush with death so close in the family brings tears to my eyes each time I hear a story of another unfortunate soul who was consumed by this catastrophe. I have heard some parents say that they do not want to tell their children about this horror. Let me fervently urge these parents to tell their children about the brave New York City policemen and firemen who went in to stop the spreading inferno while others were rushing out to safety. I ask them to tell their children that more than 200 firemen and nearly 70 policemen died struggling to save others. This is a time for mourning and this is a time for rage. Very well- organized devils have done this ghastly deed. We are face to face with evil geniuses and cold-blooded murderers. They must be surgically exposed and then driven from the face of the Earth. National security is now the business of every Member of Congress. My constituents do not want to hear me explain that I am not a member of the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence. They want to know how could this happen, and what is being done to guarantee that it never happens again. The Intelligence Community that scored vital successes in the war against Nazi Germany and in the Cold War may now be woefully inadequate. In memory of all the dead and for the peace of mind of those who are living, the structuring of the world's most effective intelligence network must now become the business of every American. The obliteration of this conglomerate of evil is the duty of every American. I am pleased to join my colleagues in support of this resolution. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to my friend and colleague, the gentlewoman from California (Ms. Waters). Ms. WATERS. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding time to me. Mr. Speaker, this great country is a mighty democracy built on the hopes, dreams, and sacrifices of many hardworking people who throughout our history were determined to develop, live, and prosper in the world's greatest Nation. The history of this Nation is one of struggle, and yes, oftentimes disappointments, dashed hopes and dreams. But through it all we have persevered, worked hard, and sacrificed to make this Nation a great Nation. We have come a long way in the elimination of poverty, prejudices, and injustice. We are immensely proud of our successes, and we are confident enough in our freedom to confront our shortcomings. We are a diverse Nation of many religious and political persuasions. We are an amazing patchwork of hopeful people who believe that we all have potential and we all deserve happiness and [[Page 16832]] success. We do not take lightly any attempts to dim our hopes, to dash our dreams, to destroy, maim, or kill. We deplore terrorism, and we will not and cannot tolerate terrorism and destruction. We will not allow terrorism to erode the constitutional rights and personal freedoms that define us as Americans. I stand here today to reassure the citizens of New York, Washington, Los Angeles, Pittsburgh, Boston, New York, San Francisco, and others cities throughout the country that this legislative body will indeed work to ensure that the persons responsible for these acts of terrorism will be swiftly brought to justice. We are a wise people who have transcended a history that has taught us that violence begets violence, and violence serves no useful purpose. The cowardly attacks on the New York Twin Towers Trade Building and the Pentagon, the hijacking of American and United Airlines airplanes, the death, pain, and destruction that has shaken the very core of our society, must be responded to immediately. We will indeed identify and deal with the perpetrators. We are good people; not a perfect people, but we are good people. We do not deserve to have innocent Americans' lives destroyed by evil minds that plot and plan sneak attacks on our establishments and our structures and our people. Our hearts go out to the families and friends of the harmed and the deceased. We grieve with them. Their losses are our losses, but we ask that they rest assured that our loved ones, their loved ones, will not have died in vain. We ask God to have mercy on their souls. We know we must take an honest assessment of all of our public policy at all levels, and strengthen our resolve for peace on Earth. We ask God to guide us in our response. Mr. LANTOS. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Jackson). Mr. JACKSON of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, today we pray for the innocent victims who suffered and died in yesterday's heinous and horrific terrorist attacks. We offer our sympathy and condolences. We hurt alongside the families and friends who lost loved ones in hijacked planes, the World Trade Center, the Pentagon, and rescue workers who sacrificed themselves to save others. We praised the heroic efforts of the police, the firefighters, the emergency medical teams and volunteers who responded to this tragedy. Today Americans stand united, a unity that we must trust will strengthen our President with wisdom and good judgment. All Americans should continue to do what we can to help: to give blood, to volunteer, to pray for peace in the world. America's determination and indomitable spirit must not allow terrorists and terrorism to weaken our commitment to an open and democratic society. We vow to fully, thoroughly, and comprehensively investigate those who are responsible for this dastardly and deadly deed. We are sure we must respond with strength and in a comprehensive and proportionate manner. Yesterday was September 11, day 9-11, and we were sent an emergency wake-up call. It was not dialed accidentally, it was a deliberate message. Terrorists struck at our greatest symbols of financial power and military might. We have a profound opportunity not only to investigate who and how this was done, but also, more importantly, why it was done. We may not be able to answer that question today. The pain, the hurt, the suffering, and the anger are too great. But maybe in our tomorrows, when we have the answer to why, then we will be better able to work toward the day when such tragedies will never happen again. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from New York (Mr. Serrano). Mr. SERRANO. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding time to me. Mr. Speaker, yesterday terrorists unleashed a highly organized attack on the symbols of our Nation's prosperity and power. In an instant, this tragic attack destroyed the lives of many Americans. Yesterday morning, countless numbers of ordinary people in my city and in Washington woke up on a beautiful late summer day and went about their lives as they always have. Lawyers and accountants, janitors and clerks arrived at their places of work to start another day. But the events that soon consumed us all changed that forever. We never expected this to happen on our soil, and in a profound sense, we have lost some of our innocence. How can I begin to verbalize my sorrow over the deaths of so many wonderful people, individuals whose lives touch others deeply in an endless interconnected fabric. These individuals each had unique stories, friends, and family who loved them and depended on them. In an instant, husbands lost wives, children lost parents, and siblings lost brothers and sisters. This is heartbreaking. The perpetrators of these acts intended to create fear and to bring our society shuddering on its knees, but they have failed. Today as we begin the process of clearing the rubble and rebuilding, we are more united and more dedicated in our core beliefs of liberty and democracy. Yesterday I was in New York City. It is hard to express in words the devastation that this act has brought to my city. The people of New York and the people of our Nation have responded with generosity, courage, and patriotism. During this time of great sadness, we as a Nation are witnessing the spirit of hope. Let there be no misunderstanding, the American people will not let this terrible act diminish our spirit or force us into fear. As I left New York City this morning on my way to join this important discussion and express my support for this resolution, I was startled to see the skyline of my city without its two great towers standing above all others. In their space, I only saw a cloud of smoke rising up to the sky. Yet, even without those towers watching over my city, we will continue to embrace our freedom and live out our principles of democracy. Those faceless terrorists may think that they have won a great battle, but they have only made our country more dedicated to its core principles and ready to defend those principles against any threat. Mr. Speaker, yesterday terrorists unleashed a highly organized attack on the symbols of our nation's prosperity and power. In an instant, this tragic attack destroyed the lives of many Americans. Yesterday morning, countless numbers of ordinary people in New York and Washington woke up on a beautiful late summer day and went about their lives as they always have. Lawyers and accountants, janitors and clerks arrived at their places of work to start another ordinary day. But the events that soon consumed us all changed that forever. We never expected this to happen on our soil, and in a profound sense we have lost some of our innocence. How can I begin to verbalize my sorrow over the deaths of so many wonderful people, individuals whose lives touched others deeply in an endless interconnected fabric? These individuals each had unique stories, and friends and family who loved them and depended on them. In an instant husbands lost wives, children lost parents and siblings lost brothers and sisters. This is heartbreaking. The perpetrators of these acts intended to create fear and to bring our society shuddering to its knees. But they have failed. Today, as we begin the process of clearing the rubble and rebuilding, we are more united and more dedicated to our core beliefs of liberty and democracy. Yesterday, I was in New York City and it is hard to express in words the devastation that this cowardly act has brought to our city. The people of New York City, and the people of our nation, have responded with generosity, courage and patriotism. During this time of great sadness, we as a nation are witnessing a spirit of hope. Over the last day and a half we have seen countless examples of courage as our emergency workers and our firemen and policemen risked their lives to save others. They exemplify the best values of our nation. Ordinary people reached out to offer whatever they could to assist and stood in long lines to donate blood. And in the end, many of them paid the highest price in order to save others and help them keep their families and friends from suffering such unbearable tragedy. Let there be no misunderstanding, the American people will not let this terrible act diminish our spirit or force us into fear. As I left [[Page 16833]] New York City this morning on my way to join this important discussion and express my support for this resolution, I was startled to see the skyline of my city without its two great towers standing above all the others. In their space I only saw a cloud of smoke rising up to the sky. Yet, even without those great towers watching over the city, we will continue to embrace our freedom and live out our principles of democracy. Those faceless terrorists may think that they have won a great battle, but they have only made our country more dedicated to its core principles and ready to defend those principles against any threat. {time} 0045 Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself 1 minute just to close. In my 21 years as a Member of this House, I have never seen such an unprecedented unity and solidarity with our fellow Americans as has been expressed by my colleagues on both sides of the aisle. This has been an extraordinary debate, a bipartisan expression of our very deep concern and anguish over the horrific loss of human life and an ironclad resolve to effectively prosecute the war on terrorism. It has all been said, Mr. Speaker, today and into this evening. Mr. GUTIERREZ. Mr. Speaker, we all search for words of wisdom that will heal these wounds. Yet, there are few poets who could pen the phrases we long to hear. And, certainly, I do not presume to possess the vocabulary to put this tragedy in its proper perspective. I simply rise to say the following. And I say it with confidence: At this moment, all Americans--regardless of our backgrounds, regardless of our political affiliations, and regardless of the languages we speak--all of us speak with one voice. As this resolution demonstrates, all of us speak with one voice in mourning our fellow Americans who have died, and in expressing sympathy for the families, friends and colleagues whom they have left behind. We speak with one voice--one voice--in expressing immense appreciation and awe for the emergency personnel who answered the call of duty, many of whom did not return. One voice expresses anger and outrage. One voice asks: ``What can we do to help?'' And one voice expresses full, complete and unwavering support for our military and for our commander-in-chief. I support this resolution, above all, for spirit of unity that it embodies. As these events have demonstrated, none of us can predict what today, or the next day, will bring. Yet, Americans can--by uniting, and speaking with one voice--make certain that tomorrow will bring us a nation that is, and always will be, strong yet free, diverse yet indivisible, and, while ever mindful of the magnitude of our loss, also eternally hopeful and endlessly optimistic that our Nation's greatness will only grow. Mr. UDALL of Colorado. Mr. Speaker, I support this resolution. It says what all Americans are saying and expresses our unbroken resolve in the face of this outrageous and cowardly attack on our country. When I think of the horrific events that happened yesterday, I am consumed with feelings of great sadness and anger. Yesterday was a day of outrage and deep loss. Like all Americans, I am filled with sympathy for the victims and families who have lost loved ones in these brutal attacks. The enormity of this loss is impossible to measure. it may be some time before we fully understand what happened and who is responsible. But make no mistake--those who organized these inhumane and dastardly attacks will be found and they will be brought to justice. These attacks on Americans on American soil have not and cannot extinguish the American spirit. Now more than ever, we must steel ourselves to do what must be done--and to do it carefully and correctly. Words and rhetoric are not enough. We can no longer appeal to the hearts and souls of terrorists and those who support and harbor them--they have no heart and they have no soul. Clearly, our concept of national security must include stronger and more effective measures to keep Americans safe from terrorist attacks. We must commit ourselves to a course of action to ensure that this kind of catastrophe never happens again and that those responsible are brought to justice for their crimes. Mr. MICA. Mr. Speaker, September 11, 2001 is a day that each of us will remember as long as we live. That day and the terrorist acts committed against the United States must always remind us of the price we have paid for our freedom. Our hearts and prayers go out to the thousands of families whose lives have been shattered by the unspeakable horror that we have all witnessed. We can and will rebuild the structures that have been destroyed. We will never restore the lives of those lost in this tragedy. As a Congress and as a nation we have a solemn obligation not to rest until those guilty of these murderous acts are brought to justice. May God have mercy on those who have committed these crimes against us and may God have mercy on the United States of America. Mr. MALONEY of Connecticut. Mr. Speaker, joining with my colleagues, I come to the floor with a heavy heart to express my deepest sympathies for the victims and family members of yesterday's horrific events in New York, Washington, and Pennsylvania. We have them all, including those from my congressional district, in our prayers. The Congress is prepared to assist all federal, state, and local agencies in any way that it can. The victims and families come first in our concerns. I also want to assure all Americans that we will find those responsible for these cowardly acts and make sure that they are punished. This type of attack on America and its people will not stand. If those responsible think that they can shake the foundation of the American spirit, freedom, and democracy, I have a message for them. You have never been more wrong. The foundation of liberty and freedom that America is built upon is unshakable. Finally, as a member of the Armed Services Committee, I along with my committee colleagues will do everything in our power to provide the necessary resources to prevent anything like this from happening again. There is much work to be done in the days and months ahead, but America will rise to the challenges as is always has throughout its history. Again, my deepest sympathies and prayers go out the victims and their families. Mr. LARSEN of Washington. Mr. Speaker, after a painful and shocking day where we saw the unthinkable become a reality, I returned to my house to embrace my wife, Tiia, and two children. My five-year-old son, Robert, had only one question. He asked it in a way that only a five-year-old could: ``Why did those mean people fly a plane through that building?'' How can you explain to a child the hate that drives individuals to act with utter disregard for human life? What answer can we find to the question, ``Why?'' We may not have that answer soon; however, there are things we do know. These things are as solid and sure as the Cascade Mountains that greet us each morning, and as deep as the Puget Sound waters: the promise and potential that the freedoms we enjoy will never be given up to any terror. The gift of democracy will continue to be exercised no matter what the cost. The values of openness and tolerance, without which we would descend to the level of our new enemies, will continue to stand. Finally, the American spirit which drives us to reach out to help those in need--a spirit we need now more than ever--will continue to triumph. In the wake of this terrible act of terrorism, I am calling upon all of us to take these actions: (1) Please pray for the victims and their families; (2) support President Bush and the Congress in the actions we must take to respond to this tragedy. This is no time for partisan politics; (3) use my office as a resource to answer questions; (4) donate blood if you can; (5) do not let terrorism scare you. The United States will track down those responsible and bring them to justice. We have the strongest democracy in the history of the world and we will get through this shocking attack on our country. Tiia's and my prayers go out to the families of the victims. Mr. WU. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to offer the strongest possible condemnation of yesterday's terrorist attack on the United States, and to offer my deepest condolences to all the victims of this senseless tragedy, to their families and loved ones. To those who have suffered most in the last two days, we will make every effort to rescue and bring you comfort and solace. Throughout the course of the last thirty hours, we have seen the American spirit at its finest. Americans have volunteered their energy, their homes and even their blood to aid victims. To the perpetrators of these heinous acts, we will pursue and bring each and every one of you to justice. America will not tolerate such acts of barbaric terrorism. We must do all we can to bring the guilty to justice and ensure this never recurs. To all my fellow Americans, the United States must not bow to terrorism. We must do the nation's business. We should not let yesterday's tragic events stop the work of our nation--to do so would give terrorism its victory. [[Page 16834]] We must learn from the kindness of strangers who have come to one another's comfort in the last two days. Finally, in the process of combating international terrorism, we must either abandon American civil liberties nor express our fears and anger by indiscriminately striking out against those with different names, skin color or religion. Today, here on this floor, we honor the victims. Tomorrow, and in the coming weeks and months, we will honor them further by showing that our Nation and her people are stronger than the forces of terrorism. Ms. SCHAKOWSKY. Mr. Speaker, like most Americans, I was glued to the television yesterday. It was with the eyes and heart of a wife, mother and grandmother primarily that I responded incredulously to the horrific images. Throughout the day, I tried to reach my family back in Illinois, and found myself looking at their pictures. Those of us who did not lose loved ones or know personally someone who perished in this attack could all empathize with the agony of those who do. We all have sent our precious ones off to work or said goodbye to them at the airport, never giving more than a passing thought about their safety. With great anticipation, we have ridden in elevators to the top of the World Trade Center, and as citizens visited public buildings like the Pentagon. In just a few hours, our sense of security as an American family was shattered. It will be a long time before we take ordinary acts for granted again. Today, our hopes and prayers are with the injured, and we rejoice with each discovery of someone found in the rubble. Today we marvel at the courage of the firefighters, police, military personnel, emergency crews and volunteers, many of whom also perished, who have worked and are working so hard to save lives. Yesterday I was consumed by unanswerable questions. What kind of people carefully and deliberately plot to brutally murder thousands of innocent men, women and children? How can one imagine individuals celebrating the deadly success of this evil plot? How could any human being have such total disregard for human life? How could anyone be so consumed by hate? It is still hard to get my mind around this. Today I realize that we must be careful as we answer those questions. I represent a very diverse district that includes people of all races, nationalities and religions. All of them are horrified today. But some, Arab Americans and Muslims and others have another concern--that they, our neighbors and fellow American residents, will become the targets of anger and frustration. This is a time when, in tribute to the value of tolerance that is at the heart of our democracy, we must embrace one another. Turning against each other will only be a victory for the perpetrators of this evil plot. As a proud member of the Congress of this great nation, I am working with my staff to assure my constituents that our government is mobilized now to take decisive action to assure that this will never happen again. The full resources of this nation will be expended to find and root out those responsible for this atrocity. We are vigorously engaged in the search and rescue effort and ready to provide any support and comfort we can to those who are grieving. If the purpose of this despicable attack was to deter our commitment to freedom and our support for our democratic allies, like Israel, it has failed. We will have peace and security again in this country and we continue our efforts to spread peace and security throughout the world. We will pay tribute to our lost loved ones, to those who have responded so bravely, and we will comfort the families that are aching across the nation. And we will stand together in this country and with our allies around the world and all those who consider themselves civilized, and we will have justice. And the commitment to freedom from which this nation was born will continue to flourish. Mr. MASCARA. Mr. Speaker, yesterday, America was wounded. Wounded in our souls. wounded by an unimaginable evil. Our nation will forever remember this despicable attack on America, on our people, and on the freedom we enjoy as Americans. These horrific events will be forever engrained in the minds of our peace-loving people for many years to come. We must come together in our hearts to bring peace to the families and friends of the lost loved ones. We must open our hearts to those in need. Lifestyles in this nation and around the world may change, but the message must go out to our faceless enemies that we the American people have the resolve to persevere. In the words of Confucius, ``Our greatest glory is not in never falling, but rising every time we fall.'' We are a strong and proud people who have faced adversity and enemies greater than the pathetic cowards who attacked us yesterday. Our enemies will not see us falter. The American people and this congress will stand behind our President. This tragic event will only serve to solidify our principles of freedom and democracy. These terrorists fear our very foundation of freedom and democracy. They will learn that America's belief in freedom and democracy are far more powerful than any acts of terrorism. We will continue to be the greatest nation this planet has ever seen, and our enemies are about to find that out the hard way! I will support the President's efforts to hunt down and punish those cowards responsible for the killing of unsuspecting and innocent civilians. Unfortunately, whatever action taken will never be enough to sufficiently avenge our nation's losses. Let us always remember that although our nation has been violated, we will deal with those who perpetrated this terrorism. Freedom to live was stolen from many of our mothers, fathers, children, sisters, brothers, and our citizens. We must never forget that, even long after our answer comes. Mr. KOLBE. Mr. Speaker, yesterday America was hit by an unspeakable tragedy--an act of unconscionable horror. I am uncomprehending, and I am saddened beyond depths I could have imagined, at the terrorist attacks that have been launched against the United States. My heart goes out to the families of all those who have been lost--airline passengers and crew, workers in office buildings, military personnel, rescue workers--too numerous to even estimate at this point. Yesterday, Americans from coast to coast and around the world stopped what they were doing and experienced shock, insecurity, and grief. Our country has not felt such horror or fear in its history. Cities, suburbs, and rural towns became ``still'' as news spread of the events unfolding in New York City, Washington, DC, and western Pennsylvania. As we relive yesterday's events, we will continue to be in shock. We will search for information about friends, family, and professional colleagues affected by this vicious attack. However, as we move beyond the shock, we must remain assured that America's institutions and government remain fully intact. Our democracy is stronger than a band of suicidal terrorists. We will survive this deplorable attack. In fact, we will grow stronger. While this attack has destroyed lives and infrastructure, it has not destroyed our foundation as a country. To the perpetrators of this act, I would state that you have not destroyed the spirit of America. You have not even shaken the foundation of this country. If anything, even as our nation grieves, its very foundation has been re-enforced with a sense of itself, its purpose, its freedoms,and the deeply felt civic connections among its citizens. In the morning hours, even as hundreds of thousands of people were immediately gripped by chaotic circumstances in Washington, DC, and New York, we knew that our faith in one another as citizens would sustain us through the events unfolding before our eyes. In the afternoon, as we watched the brave men and women of fire, police and medical professions carry out their duties, our confidence in civic institutions was re-assured and grew deeper. All day as public resources were mobilized to support the efforts of New York City, Washington, DC, and southwestern Pennsylvania, our trust and belief in the leadership provided by local, state, and federal officials grew stronger. My fellow Americans, after yesterday, that bond that binds us together as Americans, that bond that seems invisible or recessed in our daily lives, that bond that seems not to exist when we watch political or partisan differences being expressed, that bond became fully visible and tangible once again. All of us felt its presence and re-emergence as we struggled through yesterday. As we evacuated buildings. As we follow the news. As we took the metro or walked home. As we shared our sorrow with friends and family. To my colleagues and fellow Americans, I would say that it is through this bond--shared between ourselves, and indeed shared among all people who relish freedom and democracy--that we will tap our inner strength to overcome yesterday's event. Over the next several weeks, we will take stock of our loss. We will grieve for friends [[Page 16835]] and loved ones. After that, we will re-build the physical infrastructure that was destroyed, and in so doing make sacred the memories of Americans lost. Our lives will go on--saddened by those lost--but unencumbered by fear of those who have neither the ability nor courage to truly threaten our freedom and way of life. As we move to respond internationally, we will assemble the facts to identify those responsible. And then we will act swiftly to punish those responsible, and we will protect U.S. national security interests in concert with our friends who share a commitment to actively combat terrorism. To America's friends and allies, we take comfort in your words of condolence and look forward to your support in the future. To the perpetrators of this crime against human life, you will be tracked down. You may wish to remember what Admiral Yamamoto, the architect of the last major attack on U.S. soil at Pearl Harbor mused after that event: ``I fear all we have done is awaken a sleeping giant and filled him with terrible resolve.'' The United States will use every resource available to find you and to punish you. Cowardly acts of terror will not change the United States of America. You will not win. Mr. THORNBERRY. Mr. Speaker, there have been many times over the past two days when an analogy has been made to Pearl Harbor. I am struck by a different analogy from the same war. In August 1940, the Battle of Britain raged in the skies. It was different from previous wars because innocent civilians Were thrust into the battle As bombs rained down on London and the rest of Britain. Prime Minister Winston Churchill spoke to the House of Commons on August 20. He said: ``If it is a case of the whole nation fighting and suffering together, That ought to suit us, Because we are the most united of all the nations, Because we enter the war upon the national will and with our eyes open, and because we have been nurtured in freedom and individual responsibility and are the products, not of totalitarian uniformity, but of tolerance and variety.'' The same could be said of us today, Mr. Speaker. What the terrorists will never understand is that the strength of America is the hearts of our people. They may attack our buildings; they may attack innocent civilians. But they can never harm the thing that makes us great--it's inside us. Last night, church services were held across the country--from Clarendon, Texas to Washington, D.C.--as people prayed for those affected by the tragedy and for strength and courage to face what lies ahead. I believe that God will continue to bestow His blessings on this favored land, and each day I will thank Him for the opportunity to be an American. Mr. SMITH of Texas. Mr. Speaker, it will take weeks, months, perhaps years, for us to understand the magnitude of the terrorist attacks. Our lives will be changed as we struggle to find a balance between the need for increased security and the necessity of protecting our freedoms. I was driving to work at the Rayburn House Office Building yesterday morning with my window down because of a broken air conditioner. As I came abreast of the Pentagon, which was on my right, I thought I heard a muffled boom and then, after a few seconds, saw a billowing black cloud of smoke. A few minutes later, when I stopped at the entrance of the Rayburn garage, a Capitol Hill policeman told me, ``They just hit the Pentagon,'' and pointed to the same black cloud of smoke I had just passed. It will take a while for our government to resume normalcy and for our country to regain its confidence. I used to tell Sunday School students that ``confidence'' comes from the Latin, ``con fides,'' which means ``with faith.'' That is how we will have to proceed. Mr. BARR of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, the grief millions of Americans are feeling today all across our great nation knows no boundaries. While I recognize the significance of the Congress making a statement for the record to condemn yesterday's attacks, I also recognize mere words ring hollow today to the millions of Americans who have lost so much. Lost in this tremendous tragedy were friends and loved ones, mothers and fathers, military personnel, firefighters, and police officers; innocent men, women, and children all. Over the days, weeks, and months ahead, all Americans must come together, work together, and do what they can, whether it is donating blood to a local blood bank or something as simple as thanking the brave men and women who put their lives on the line each day to ensure our safety and freedom. The grief and mourning all of us are feeling today however, must be balanced by our resolve to identify and take action against those responsible for these despicable and unprovoked acts of war. For these were not simple acts of terrorism or mere crimes. They were acts of war; a direct and deliberate attack against our country, our government, our economy, and our military. To that end, I disagree with those who believe we must bring these perpetrators ``to justice.'' They should be destroyed, and destroyed with force so powerful that these vipers will no longer have the ability to rear their fangs towards our great nation again. I agree with the President who said last night there will no longer be a distinction between those who commit acts of terror and those who provide harbor to them. I only regret such a distinction has existed for so long. While we remember and reflect on all we have lost, we must also move forward with a renewed fight to destroy terrorists and dismantle their infrastructure. This consists of identifying any and all terrorist elements--whether they be those who actually train and commit these acts, or those who harbor, finance, supply and otherwise offer support to them. Once we have positively identified them, we take them out; eliminate them from the face of this earth with a vengeance so strong they will never rise again. In doing so, they should be afforded the same lack of warning and mercy as they offered to the innocent victims in the World Trade Center and Pentagon. There are other steps we could and should take, in light of these terrorist acts. We must all work to immediately untie the hands of our military and intelligence leaders to deal swiftly with serious and recognized threats to our national security. For the last 30 years, our government, through executive orders, has had an artificial barrier in place; prohibiting surgical attacks against known terrorist leaders. As the threat posed to American citizens by terrorist organizations continues to grow as demonstrated by the occurrence of September 11th, it is essential we use every tool at our disposal to eliminate those who would destroy our lives and property from doing so. To that end, I introduced H.R. 19, ``The Terrorist Elimination Act''; legislation repealing those portions of executive orders prohibiting the government from directly eliminating terrorist leaders. Terrorist leaders should rarely be targeted, and any such steps should only be considered after very careful and comprehensive consideration involving our military, intelligence, and policy leaders. However, when terrorist leaders, such as the ones who caused the attacks against New York City and Washington, D.C., take and threaten the lives of Americans, I believe it is entirely appropriate for us to remove them by any means necessary, without arbitrarily limiting our options. Finally, we must begin to take steps toward understanding why our intelligence community failed to have knowledge or warning of such a well-planned, multi-faceted strategic attack. The federal government spends billions of dollars each year to ensure the safety of its citizens. For us to have no knowledge ahead of time is simply unacceptable, and I fully expect steps will be taken to understand the source of these problems and fix them immediately; including allowing our agents in the field more latitude to gain information and eliminating bureaucracy to ensure information is disseminated more quickly. What we must avoid, however, is the knee-jerk reaction to pass more laws restricting the civil liberties of American citizens. The tragedies of this attack will only be compounded by giving the government more power at the expense of our civil liberties. If we cannot stop this sort of attack with all of the power our government agencies already have, then we are in very serious trouble. As I have said, the one area where the government can and must approve is in allowing more latitude to gain information overseas and in taking direct action against terrorists. As I said at the outset, mere words have little meaning during this time of national tragedy. What we must do now is to take meaningful steps to exact retribution on those who are responsible and ensure this never happens again. Mr. MOLLOHAN. Mr. Speaker, I join my colleagues today in expressing my outrage at these terrorist attacks on American soil. My thoughts and prayers go out to the families of those who perished at the hands of a cruel, and as yet unknown killer. I extend my deepest respect and gratitude to the hundreds of emergency responders who, at this moment, continue to make order of the wreckage that has resulted from this most wretched attack. Our proud nation has never flinched from adversity. On the contrary-- we are a nation that pulls together during extraordinary times. And, indeed, this is an extraordinary time. This unity of spirit is already evident by countless [[Page 16836]] Americans who are lining up at bloodbanks across the country, those offering clothing to the walking wounded whose clothes were seared by burning buildings, and scores of volunteers who are seeking to come to crash sites to relieve exhausted rescue personnel. The resolve of America is evident in the face of this carnage and chaos. I join Members of the House and Senate in supporting President Bush's efforts to use all necessary resources to protect our Nation, and to determine who has perpetrated this unseemly act of terrorism and to punish them, or those who harbor them. I invite the President to communicate swiftly with the Congress to let us know what resources our Government agencies need to address the damage inflicted upon our land and our people. I know that Congress will respond thoroughly and expeditiously. While buildings, as well as nerves, may be shattered by this heinous act of terrorism, American spirit is steadfast and unflinching. God bless America. Mr. BEREUTER. Mr. Speaker, this Member calls to his colleagues' attention the exceptionally perceptive editorials of Nebraska's two metropolitan newspapers--the Lincoln Journal Star and the Omaha World- Herald. The editorial advice of the former newspaper that ``now is the time for Americans to unite, to draw together'' is certainly evident in abundance in Nebraska today, and throughout this Nation. All of us in Congress and in other national leadership need to consider, and lead by our example and our actions in the Congress, the advice of the Omaha paper that while ``this is a time for anger, to be sure, and grief and compassion toward those whose family and friends are among the victims. But it's also a time for a clear-eyed assessment of what Americans can do to make our society less vulnerable to this kind of warfare.'' [From the Lincoln Journal Star, Sept. 12, 2001] Attacks Mark Bloody End to Complacency Life in America will be forever altered by the terrorist attacks on New York and Washington, D.C. Life will change because Americans not only will accommodate it, they will welcome it. Aren't you willing this morning to tolerate ultra-strict precautions the next time you board an airline? A message was driven home in the thunder of exploding airplanes and collapsing skyscrapers. The greatest threat to American security may be from shadowy forces using guile, deception and stealth--not from recognizable foes wielding batteries of missiles and the recognizable implements of war. Aircraft carriers, satellites, ballistic missiles, tanks, and helicopters were of little use against the foe who struck Tuesday morning in the deadliest attack ever mounted against Americans on American soil. Apt comparisons were quickly drawn between the attack on Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7, 1941. This day, too, shall live in infamy. The toll of dead and injured, however, apparently will surpass the 2,388 deaths and 1,178 wounded at Pearl Harbor. In World War II the enemy struck at what was then a far- flung outpost of American military might. But on Sept. 11, 2001, the enemy struck at the very heart and nerve center of the American military--the Pentagon in the nation's capital. Despite the distinctions between Tuesday's terrorism and Pearl Harbor, Americans of today would do well to emulate the response of Americans to that surprise attack in the last century. Now is a time for Americans to unite, to draw together. Terrorism is effective when it drives a wedge between a government and its citizens. Terrorism is effective when it can create chaos, when it can disrupt a society's productive routines. Now is a time for Americans to remain calm. There were reports Tuesday afternoon of gas price spikes, and lines forming at gas stations. That's overreaction. Tuesday's blasts will have less effect on America's gas supply than the accidental refinery explosion earlier this summer in Illinois. Americans can help each other. One way is to donate blood. The nation's blood supply, already at perilously low levels, was drained by Tuesday's catastrophe. Call the Community Blood Bank at 474-1781. Americans should hold to their traditions of fairness and religious tolerance, even as they turn to prayer in accordance with their own faiths. If the attacks prove to be the work of Muslim extremists, those of different beliefs should remember that many Muslims abhor such violence. And surely Americans have learned enough about race not to hold every individual of Mideastern descent responsible in this time of rampant suspicion. Most of America's response to Tuesday's suicide hijackings will be directed from Washington. This is no time for rhetoric as usual. Americans are sick of Republicans and Democrats who spend more energy fighting for partisan advantage than in actually addressing problems. Focus on ridding the globe of terrorists--not angling to pick up seats in the next election. Certainly the nation's intelligence-gathering capabilities need to be scrutinized. Perhaps there has been too much reliance on satellite surveillance. Perhaps it's time to re- emphasize human operatives. Tuesday's attack also should remind Washington that America, despite its status as the world's sole superpower, needs allies. And it especially needs allies if anti- terrorism efforts are to succeed. In the past several months the Bush administration too often has acted unilaterally. Now is an opportune time to mobilize the international community against terrorism. The bloody devastation in New York and Washington just as easily could happened in Moscow, Berlin or Paris. The deadliest attack ever made on American soil marks the start of a new era in this country. Complacency is now a thing of the past. As America grids for sustained battle against terrorism, may it be granted the wisdom to choose wisely as it balances the needs of liberty and security. ____ [From the Omaha World Herald, Sept. 12, 2001] Yesterday was a day for Americans to face often-neglected realities. Our borders are porous. Our cities are poorly protected. Our airline security program has been exposed as a dismal failure. Our defense and intelligence services are underfunded and, in some cases, held only haphazardly to account. The Pentagon lies in partial ruin. The World Trade Center, a foremost symbol of our commercial might, has been erased from the Manhattan skyline. Americans can no longer be sure our centers of government and commerce are safe based solely on the good will of the public. Some of the vulnerability exists because Americans wanted more personal benefits from government at the expense of defense and intelligence. Civilian society has grown apart from some of the realities of security. Accordingly, many Americans were unprepared for this brutal introduction to warfare in what is sure to be one of its 21st century forms. It is a maddening, infuriating kind of conflict in which the enemy often can't be identified. Its targets are selected with cruel indifference to human values--the traveling public, the institutions of democratic government and large concentrations of innocent civilians. It is war on a horrifyingly large scale. Some people compared the attacks with the Japanese ambush of Pearl Harbor. However, the toll was potentially greater than the 2,400 lives lost in that 1941 attack. Fifty thousand people worked in the World Trade Center towers. If the hijack- terrorists had achieved a maximum kill, it would have been near the magnitude of the 60,000 people who died at Hiroshima. Tuesday, as the hours passed and shock turned to anger, Gen. Norman Schwarzkopf said what a lot of people were thinking--the first impluse, he noted, is to find the persons responsible and punish them severely. But as Schwarzkopf acknowledged, part of the frustration of a terrorist war is not knowing the adversary, immediately or at all. We can only trust that the government will do its best to take care of that essential part of the response. These events should remind Americans of the importance of electing the best leaders they possibly can--the most important consideration is not the benefits the candidate promises but the character and wisdom he potentially can bring to an unforeseen crisis. This is a time for anger, to be sure, and grief and compassion toward those whose family and friends are among the victims. But it's also a time for a clear-eyed assessment of what Americans can do to make our society less vulnerable to this kind of warfare. Travel may become less convenient. The White House and the Capitol may become less accessible. Surveillance of suspect organizations may increase. Government resources that people counted on to make their lives more comfortable might have to go for security, which, after all, is the government's foremost responsibility. Grown-ups will accept, indeed welcome, the sacrifices that need to be made. The terrible events of September 11, 2001, will surely never be forgotten. This will stand with Pearl Harbor and the burning of the White House by the British in the War of 1812--events that not only saddened and outraged the country but also reignited its determination to preserve the blessings of liberty. This determination has always been one of the country's greatest strengths. It has seldom been more urgently needed than now. Mr. BALLENGER. Mr. Speaker, today is another day that will live in infamy Americans are not used to attacks on our citizens, especially on our own soil. And America will not stand for it. Today's cowardly attacks were made by those who despise freedom. Well, I have news for them: freedom will prevail, and they will pay the highest price for their actions. This was an act of war. Some of my friends who are World War II veterans compare this to Pearl Harbor. But in World War II, we knew who--and where--the enemy was. As yet, we [[Page 16837]] don't know the answer to that question, but be assured that we will find out. Our thoughts and prayers today are with the innocent victims and their families. We also owe a great debt of gratitude to those rescue workers who continue to put public safety above their own. They are true American heroes, and we are deeply saddened that many of those public servants lost their lives. But while we grieve, we must also harden our resolve to protect this wonderful country. I have great confidence in the men and women who serve in our military and will be called upon to respond on behalf of our nation. I also have great confidence in our civilians, who will willingly make whatever sacrifices might be needed. I encourage our citizens to donate blood, which is critically needed at this time. I also encourage you to go to your house of worship and join in prayer. America will rebound from this tragedy. The terrorists took their best shot, and now it's time that we take ours. Mr. OSE. Mr. Speaker, yesterday, our great Nation was dealt a blow of untold destruction and loss of life, in a cowardly and egregious act of war by terrorists. At this time my thoughts and prayers are with the victims and the families of this horrible terrorist act. This is now a time for our Nation to collectively grieve and come together as one to address this crisis. I salute the brave men and women who are, even now, pouring through the tangled remains of the buildings, the doctors, nurses, paramedics, and law enforcement who are working long hours to provide critical medical attention, and the volunteers who are rallying to support them. The American people and Congress will support the President's effort to utilize every resource available to ensure our Nation's security. Our Nation has not witnessed such an unprovoked attack since Pearl Harbor. As in the past, America will respond. We will identify the perpetrators of these attacks and hold them accountable for an act of war against the American people. Mr. SIMMONS. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of Joint Resolution 61 expressing the sense of the Senate and House of Representatives regarding terrorist attacks launched against the United States on September 11, 2001. We are gathered here on the floor of the people's House 1 day after the worst attack on American soil in our Nation's history. We are gathered here to demonstrate that the people's work must go on. And that we will not be intimidated away from performing the people's work. We are gathered here to show the world that you can take our people's lives, and you can destroy their property; but you can never destroy their values of freedom and the institution of democracy. And so, as the people's representatives, we must act in the face of turmoil, confusion, and danger to do the peoples' work; to show our enemies that the people cannot be intimidated, and that our democracy cannot be shut down. Today is a day that we must demonstrate to the world that terrorism is not free speech, it is murder; and that terrorist acts are not politics, they are war. It is time for us to realize that the perpetrators of these acts are not trying to capture our attention to make a point. They are trying to destroy us; and it is time for us to respond in kind. The resolution before us says that we ``commit to support increased resources in the war to eradicate terrorism.'' It also provides that we ``punish the perpetrators of these attacks, as well as their sponsors.'' These are appropriate responses to what has happened over the past 24 hours. In the coming weeks, I do not want to see terrorist faces on the covers of our national newspapers. I do not want to hear the pundits talk of this group or that. I want our intelligence community and military forces to hunt them down like the murderous cowards they are. And I want this Congress to use its ``power of the purse'' to ensure that they have the resources they need to accomplish this task. That is what this resolution says we will do. That is what we must do. In closing, Mr. Speaker, I will share with the Chamber that last night, my wife spent the evening hours with beloved neighbors in our hometown of Stonington, CT. Their young grandson, my daughter's classmate and friend, had a new and exciting job in New York City located on the 105th floor of the World Trade Center. He was a bright and energetic young man; a smalltown boy pursuing the American dream in ``the Big Apple.'' Following yesterday's attack, calls to his cell phone went unanswered. He is missing. We fear the worst. Today in eastern Connecticut we have learned of four others who are missing, and we mourn the deaths of three loved ones who were on two of the aircraft involved. This distress among our fellow citizens demands that we respond with strong and unequivocal action. This resolution is just the first step. I expect that it will be followed by authorizations and appropriations. In the name of the missing and the dead, we can do no less. This is the people's house. In their name, this is what we resolve to do. Mr. REGULA. Mr. Speaker, I rise to strongly condemn the heinous acts of terrorism committed against the American people yesterday. The barbaric cowards perpetrating these acts have attacked not only our country, but also the values of human freedom and democracy that so many Americans have died defending both here and abroad. Our thoughts and prayers are with the injured and those who have tragically lost loved ones. In the short term, we must do everything we can to save and care for those injured in these attacks. The Federal Government can and must be a vital partner in this effort. As chairman of the appropriations subcommittee that funds the Department of Health and Human Services, I am very pleased to see the Department is coordinating emergency medical services under the Federal Response Plan, dispatching medical supplies and disaster medical teams to the areas affected by these attacks. I must express my sincere gratitude to all those police, fire, and volunteer rescue units that have saved so many already at their own risk and continue their efforts to find survivors. My appreciation also goes out to those tresting the many injured. Lastly, I must say thanks to all those who have donated their time, blood, and possessions to aid the rescue effort. It always impresses me that in times of great tragedy, the people of this country rise to the challenge in coming to the aid of their fellow citizens. This says a lot about the values this nation represents. Of course, our energies must be strongly focused on finding those responsible and bringing them to justice. I consider this to be an act of war against the United States and a substantial and coordinated response is needed to protect our national security. Like the President, I believe we must strongly punish not only these terrorists, but also those who provide them with a haven in which to operate. I hope that our friends and allies worldwide will help us in this effort. Clearly, the unforeseen nature of these attacks requires us to rethink the way we defend this country, with the hope that future attacks can be prevented. Domestically, we must pay better attention to unconventional threats and basic security measures. Internationally, we need to better utilize our intelligence resources so that these types of threats can be detected early. This is not the first time our country and way of life have been challenged. This challenge too will be answered and this great nation will prevail over these faceless cowards. These are the times when all Americans are called upon to rise to the occasion, working together with a common purpose to show that this Nation continues to stand tall and proud. Mr. LATHAM. Mr. Speaker, yesterday our Nation suffered previously unimaginable horrific acts against our Nation's citizens and our democracy, in an attempt to shake our foundation of freedom. As parents, grandparents, and peers we not only see these acts as an attack on our Nation--but also an attack that threatens to shatter the innocence of life as seen by our children. Yesterday, the actions of others crushed this innocence and reminded us that freedom does not come without a cost. As so many American's who have fought for this country already know--freedom is not free. I want to express my condolences and prayers to all of the families and friends who have lost loved ones and to those victims who are fighting to survive their injuries. I also want to ask us all to remember and pray for the dedicated people who have worked and continue to work to recover possible survivors. As a nation of free people we will join together and recover from this tragedy. From the ashes of this tragedy we will rise up and prevail--because in America--every morning has the potential for new and even better beginnings. Mr. SUNUNU. Mr. Speaker, yesterday, America was besieged by images of tragedy and horror as we witnessed an attack on the very heart of the freedom which we hold so dear. Today, the Nation and the world are besieged by emotion: disbelief, anger, and enormous sorrow. We mourn the loss of thousands, and grieve for the families, friends, and communities that have lost so much. As Chaplain Coughlin told us through prayer this morning, ``Yesterday changed the world, [[Page 16838]] and today we are changed.'' We will meet this change and this challenge united--knowing that our freedom is our greatest strength and knowing that in our resolve to protect freedom, we will not fail. Mr. HILLEARY. Mr. Speaker, our Nation, our freedom, and our way of life were violently attacked yesterday. Our thoughts and prayers are with the victims and their families, as well with the men and women who are conducting the recovery efforts. While, our adversaries correctly calculated how to get past airport security and execute their plan, they badly miscalculated the unity and resolve of the American people. Whatever policy disagreements we may have are a family fight. One need only to see the long lines of people waiting to give blood for the victims, or the truckdrivers in New York stopping to pick up carry pedestrians across the George Washington Bridge, or the woman handing out free pairs of sneakers to women wearing high heels so they could get through the rubble safety to know that the American people are as united as ever. We stand united behind the President and his national security team. While the people behind these vicious acts don't have the courage to show themselves, we will find out who is responsible for this, we will hunt down those who financed and protected the terrorists, and we will make an example of them. This is much more than a massive criminal act; it is an act of war, and will be dealt with as such. The merchants of terror have gambled that America won't have the stomach to do what is necessary to safeguard our freedom. they have gambled wrong. America can't--and won't--flinch. Mr. LARGENT. Mr. Speaker, today our nation grieves for those lost in yesterday's horrendous attacks. Our prayers are with the victims and their families. We also must honor the heroic efforts of those who gave their lives while attempting to rescue victims trapped in the Trade Towers. Hundreds of firefighters, police officers and other workers reportedly lost their lives during the terrible collapse of buildings. We will never forget their courage and sacrifice, and we must do all we can to assist those who continue to attend to victims and search for survivors. Make no mistake: yesterday's attacks were an act of war against the United States. When we determine who is responsible our reaction must be strong, decisive, and sustained enough to stamp out this threat against our nation. We must support our president in any operation that would punish the group responsible for these attacks and any government who harbors these terrorists. America has been challenged in the past, and we have not only prevailed but come through each trial a stronger nation. This test will be no exception. After September 11, 2001 we will be a stronger, more noble, and more free nation than before. Today a new generation of Americans is reminded of the fact that freedom is not free. The struggle before us will be long and difficult but America will prevail. The depth and breadth of evil in yesterday's attacks was extraordinary, but the spirit of America is greater still. The people of Oklahoma, in particular, have been an example to the world of how Americans respond to terror. We stand by one another regardless of race or ideology with compassion and determination. The spirit of fear that spread throughout our nation yesterday will be driven from our soil. Our military will play its role, but the real victory of freedom over tyranny will come, as it always has, from the character of the American people. As a nation we must, more than ever, hold to our common heritage and belief that the freedoms we hold dear are the right of every individual under God and not merely the fruits of economic or military power. The Apostle John writes in 1 John chapter 4 that perfect love drives out fear. The love the American people have for freedom and for every child of God is a foundation that can withstand any attack. Terrorists may wage war against our structure but they will not touch our soul. In the coming days the world will undoubtedly see the strength of our military but they will also see the strength of our character and the values that make America what it is. America has always been a lighthouse to the world, welcoming those seeking a safe harbor and new beginnings. America was attacked precisely because her freedom shines brightest. In the days to come that lighthouse will shine even brighter still, penetrating the darkest of nights and standing tall as an enduring beacon of hope. May God bless the victims and their families, and may God bless America. Mr. ISAKSON. Mr. Speaker, September 11th was a tragic day in America's history, and a defining day in the lives of all Americans and all civilization. My prayers go out to all those who's loved ones were lost or injured. As we reflect on the horror of the terrorist attack we must all, individually and collectively as a nation, resolve to support our President, military and law enforcement in their pursuit, capture and conviction of those responsible for carrying out this act of terror. The intent of terrorism is to strike fear in the hearts of people, and to cause people to cower and retreat. We must all demonstrate as a nation and as individuals that terrorism has failed in its intent. Our history demonstrates that America has risen to meet and defeat every attempt to shake our dedication to peace and liberty. Now will be no exception. Freedom and hope in the world rest today, as it has for over two centuries, on the shoulders of Americans. May our response against those who attacked America be swift and decisive, and our resolve to never allow this to happen again ever vigilant. God has blessed America, and I pray God's healing hand touch all Americans whose families suffered loss and injury yesterday. Mr. DOOLEY of California. Mr. Speaker, yesterday our nation experienced one of the worst tragedies in its history. It was a tragedy caused by violent terrorists with no regard for precious human lives. It was a tragedy that reminded us not to take our freedoms for granted. And it was a tragedy that will be sure to touch the lives of everyone in our nation for a long time. Today I want to express my deepest personal condolences and concerns to the victims of yesterday's tragedy and their families. The attacks yesterday on passengers on four airlines flights, the World Trade Center in New York, and the Pentagon in Washington, D.C. struck at the heart of our nation. They struck our entire country by attacking some of our great nation's most important symbols and institutions. The Pentagon is a symbol of our nation's great military might, which protects our borders and defends our democratic way of life. The World Trade Center was a symbol of this nation's vital and strong economy--an economy that will remain as strong as the resolve of all Americans. More than assaulting our symbols, the terrorists struck at the heart of our nation--its people. They struck not just the immediate victims of yesterday's violence, but at many, many more. They struck the victims' families, friends, and all our communities. Their violence didn't just destroy buildings--it took away the gift of life from countless innocent Americans. The human cost of this violence will be deep. I join with all of my colleagues in declaring today a national day of mourning. It is important that we take the time to mourn the dead and others affected by this tragedy. Only by mourning and praying can we come to grips with this terrible act and make peace with its consequences. But we must do more than mourn. We must act swiftly in the coming days to provide emergency aid to support to those areas affected by the violence. This should include federal funds for rescue, recovery, rebuilding, and counseling. And it should also include individual volunteer efforts, whether it's the donation of blood or assistance in providing solace and comfort to the victims' families. We must find the perpetrators of these heinous acts and bring them to justice. I have faith the President Bush will act quickly and aggressively to identify the terrorists and launch appropriate retaliation. We must do everything in our power to prevent terrorists from inflicting this strain of violence in the future by significantly increasing our intelligence budget and investing more in traditional human espionage. We must work to restore the fullest confidence in our airway safety by strengthening security measures at airports around the country. Most Americans understand that greater security measures may entail some sacrifices, but those sacrifices may be a small price to pay for greater peace of mind. And finally, we must help each other heal from this tragedy. When terrorists seek to divide us, we must remember to trust each other and to stand united. By placing our trust in each other, we can once again strengthen and preserve the strong bonds of this country that these terrorists tried to break. Mr. RAHALL. Mr. Speaker. Southern West Virginians know loss. We hope and pray for the victims of these attacks and their families as other Americans have hoped and prayed for us in the past. Our nation's motto is E. Pluribus Unum: Out of many, one. Americans always display this unity best when disaster strikes our fellow citizens. Yesterday's attacks did not kill only Washingtonians and New Yorkers. The victims came from across this country. At least one [[Page 16839]] family in my own District was torn apart. Dr. Paul Ambrose, a talented and public-spirited young physician, was aboard one of the airplanes that the terrorists crashed. The sympathies of all America are with Ken and Sharon Ambrose of Huntington, West Virginia, today. We will avenge their loss. America seeks peace, but it is not blind. The people who planned these attacks are out there, and we know that they still pursue their evilness. Their celebrations will be short, because America's resolve is sure. I support the President's vow to punish these murderers and those who give them shelter. As the death toll mounts in the aftermath of the most vicious terrorist attack ever perpetrated on Americans and America, I ask the good Lord to give us the courage, wisdom, and conviction to bring those responsible to justice. Certainly, the horror of this attack has been etched into the minds and hearts of all Americans. It is time to mourn the dead. To care for the injured. But it is also time to plan for our future, and to take actions to insure that the lessons of this attack will not be lost. That those who perished will not have done so in vain. America will persevere. We are not weakened by this attack, but rather, will grow stronger. Out of these flames of death, an even stronger American spirit will be born. And the beacon of freedom, of our Democratic institutions, will burn even brighter upon the world. Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Mr. Speaker, my office manager, Mary Christ, noted the following that I want to share with my colleagues. And I quote: Suddenly, we are living in a new world. This attack on the United States is worse than the Pearl Harbor of the past. Then, a known enemy struck at a far-away naval base. Now, an unclear enemy has struck against the heart of the nation. Innocent civilians were turned into weapons, and innocent civilians were the targets and the victims. It was unspeakable brutality and terror. It could not have been worse. This was the day we will all remember. This was the day the world changed. For 10 years, we have been living in the optimism after the fall of the Evil Empire and a new freedom around the world. Now, a new Evil has struck. A new war will be waged across world. It will never be the same. Thank you Mary! Mr. TIAHRT. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of H.J. Res. 61. 911 now has as new meaning in America. September 11, 2001 is the day the landscape of America was changed forever. Whenever I hear 911, not only will I think of emergency assistance; I will remember the victims and families of this great tragedy and the importance of the fight against terrorism. We will rebuild structures, but we cannot rebuild thousands of lives that have been lost to this world forever. Our thoughts and prayers go out to the victims, their families and friends and all of those affected by this reprehensible and cowardly attack against our country. As we attempt to rescue survivors and console those who have lost, we begin our determined quest to find the murderers and impose the appropriate punishment. Make no mistake. The act of war perpetrated against us will be met with the full force of the United States. Once we have identified the cowards, our response will be swift and severe. President Bush, Congress and the American people are resolved to take on and defeat the forces of evil that attempt to disrupt our way of life. The principles of democracy in a free and open society are at stake. Weak and cowardly terrorists have declared war against all nations that enjoy freedom and liberty. The world is now divided between those who support terrorism and those who will fight it, and all peaceful nations should band together in a unified force against those that spread hatred and wreak terror. We shall target not only those who plan and carry out these acts of terror, but those who feed, finance, clothe and harbor them. Congress must reassess our priorities in the way we provide security for the American people. As a member of the Appropriations Committee, I pledge to stand with President Bush in addressing our intelligence and national security needs. We must keep Americans safe to assure our freedoms. Mr. Speaker, yesterday was a dark day in America. Today, the light of freedom shines bright and we must move forward with confidence as the greatest nation in the world. May God bless those who lost their lives and comfort their families. And, my God bless the United States of America. Mr. SAXTON. Mr. Speaker, I first wish to associate myself with the remarks of Mr. Armey and Mr. Gephardt. The partnership we have formed and the commitment to work together on a bipartisan basis with no aisle between us is a statement of great importance. The American people today have an enhanced commitment to freedom and democracy, and that commitment is directly reflected through their representatives in this Congress. Yesterday's heinous attacks were acts of war against the citizens of the United States. And, the complexity of the attacks clearly points to a well-financed and painstakingly planned operation. As the chairman of the Special Oversight Panel on Terrorism, Committee on Armed Services in the House, I wish to make a slightly different point. During the past 24 hours, since the shock of viewing the events of yesterday began to wane, the question has been asked many times: how do we prevent this from ever happening again? As you know, there is no simple answer. However, during our deliberations on the panel which was established by former full committee chairman, the late Floyd Spence, it has become abundantly clear that there are at least five principles which must be developed or enhanced to safeguard the future security of our great nation. First, there is an obvious need for the development of individual responsibility for the security of ourselves, our families, friends and our communities. An awareness for our surroundings and potential dangers must be understood and developed. We have heretofore existed in a relatively safe environment, free of dangers posed by terrorism. To some degree that may not continue to be the case. Second, there is a need to develop ``institutional responsibility.'' That is, to take steps to insure the places we go to work and visit are safer from violence. The Congress of the United States, as an institution, has made important strides during the past decade in this regard as we have safeguards in place today that did not previously exist. This is not so with most other institutions. Obviously, there is a need to increase institutional security at airports and in other places. State and local governments have special responsibilities in this regard as they are the closest to the people. Third, to those of us who have studied this subject, it has become apparent that a high level of intelligence information is necessary in order to ward off terrorist acts. Simply stated, if we don't know they are planning an attack, we have little if any chance of stopping them. The previous administration's ban on recruiting unsavory characters and excess reliance on electronic forms of intelligence collection prevent us from collecting the critical human intelligence (HUMINT) that alone can provide warning of such attacks. In regard to the most recent event, we had no specific knowledge of the plan and disastrous results occurred. Better resources and a better organized intelligence operation is therefore a principle to advance. Fourth, as President Bush pointed out in his remarks last evening, international cooperation is an essential principle. International terrorism simply has no borders. Government and societies are threatened by the same groups of individuals on every continent. This very day, we should each reach out to friends and associates in other government's to offer our cooperation and seek theirs. Fifth, deterrence will begin to take place when would-be terrorists have developed a full understanding that there is a heavy price to pay for terrorist acts. That is why I believe everyone here today agrees that President Bush was exactly right when he said clearly: ``we hold not only the terrorists responsible, but those who harbor and assist them as well, and we will hunt them down. . . .'' My colleagues, today is the beginning of a new chapter in the history of the USA. I pledge to all of you to work hand in hand together with you to bring an end to these types of heinous events. Together, we will make our country stronger than ever, and together we will see that yesterday's events are never, ever repeated. Mr. LIPINSKI. Mr. Speaker, America was faced with a gutless, cowardly attack yesterday. Innocent people were murdered in cold blood--America was awakened to a new type of warfare. A type of warfare that was unfathomable to decent God-fearing people around the world. Yet, as in the past, once awakened, together as a people, we will rise up in defense of democracy, rise up in defense of liberty. America was also awakened to its lost patriotism, a patriotism that we drifted away from because of the security and prosperity this great land of freedom has enjoyed so long. We are a peaceful people--but we will not turn the other cheek. No one should doubt our resolve. As President Bush said, not only those individuals in this evil should be targeted, but [[Page 16840]] countries who support these people and these acts must and will be punished. It is sickening to me to see pictures of people celebrating the deaths of innocent Americans. It is heartening to me to see the pictures of the heroes during this opening shot of war--those who helped others--firemen, policemen, doctors, nurses, paramedics--the list goes on and on. And ultimately, that is the list that will win this war. While we mourn the growing list of victims--we must celebrate the growing list of heroes. Those are the ones who will win this war. I pray for the victims and their families. I pray for our Commander- in-Chief. I pray that justice will be ours. Mr. HOLDEN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today with a heavy heart to pay tribute to those innocent lives that perished yesterday in an attack on America's freedom. The images of collapsing skyscrapers, a burning Pentagon, and large airplanes diving through our metropolitan skies will scar our memories forever. As a former law enforcement officer, I want to pay particular attention to the thousands of police officers, firefighters, EMS personnel, and other emergency responders who did their jobs with the utmost professionalism during the tragedies yesterday in New York, the Washington, DC area, and in Somerset County, Pennsylvania. In my 7 years as a county sheriff, never did I train for, or conceive of a tragedy of this magnitude. Hundreds of New York City firefighters, police officers, and other emergency personnel who were the first to respond to the World Trade Center, were crushed in the rubble of the collapsing buildings as they were vigorously carrying out their mission--the mission of rescuing people. Mr. Speaker, yesterday's events may have exposed the cowardness of a coordinated and faceless act of terror, but let us take note that it also exposed the bravery and professionalism, the perseverance, and heroism of the many police officers, firefighters, and paramedics who continue to do their jobs as I speak, amid the crushed vehicles and dead bodies of their fallen brethren who were among the first responders to the tragedy yesterday. As we gather here to express our sadness and our anger at the tragedy of these acts of terror, let us also be sure to express our sincere gratitude to the emergency service personnel in each of our districts who continue to do their jobs every day, the job of protecting our lives and the lives of our constituents, so that we can live in an atmosphere of confidence and safety. These men and women are true heros, and they need to know that they are appreciated. Mr. BORSKI. Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of H.J. Res. 61, which condemns the cowardly terrorist attacks on New York and Washington, DC. I commend the leadership for bringing this bipartisan, bicameral resolution to the floor to demonstrate the resolve of our great nation and our solidarity with the families and friends of yesterday's victims. Yesterday's actions were nothing short of an act of war. Although we do not yet know who is responsible, we can be fairly certain that these enemies of freedom and democracy were seeking to destroy our very way of life. They certainly succeeded in bringing about death and destruction on a massive scale, and causing terror in the hearts of every American. But they will never succeed in breaking the spirit of America. Our great nation will survive today, and we will continue to stand as the beacon for democracy worldwide. We in Congress are back at work today, carrying on the work of our nation. Across our country, millions of Americans are carrying on with their lives at work and in their homes. Our hearts are heavy with loss for those who perished. But we will not panic. We will not allow some senseless act of cowardice to deter us from our daily way of life. We will continue to cherish the freedoms for which our forefathers fought, and stand up even more strongly for freedom and democracy worldwide. In stark contrast to this calculated, cowardly act of mass murder, there were stories yesterday of spontaneous acts of courage displayed by Americans in Washington and New York. Hundreds of the policemen, firefighters and other rescue workers bravely risked their lives to save the victims of the attack. As we speak today, thousands of Americans are lining up for hours to donate blood. Many more are volunteering in hospitals. This is the spirit of America that will never be broken. Mr. Speaker, ten years ago, I was a Member of the House when we stood in solidarity against the tyranny of Saddam Hussein in the Persian Gulf. Saddam thought he could divide our nation, but he was wrong. He underestimated the strength, resolve and ingenuity of the American people. Today, ten years later, we are faced with a new enemy, perhaps even more heinous and sinister. But, like Saddam, this enemy underestimates our ability to recover from tragedy and arise united as an even stronger nation. Ten years ago, I stood in this well as a Democrat, united in support of my President and our men and women in the Armed Forces. I do the same today, and I vow to President Bush that I will support him in his efforts to punish those responsible for this deplorable attack. Those who are responsible for this attack should make no mistake--all Americans, Democrats and Republicans, stand united behind our President, and we will bring abut justice! Mr. Speaker, throughout the confusion of the day, the beacon atop the Capitol dome remained illuminated. This beacon is a symbol of the freedoms that define our great nation. The enemies of our nation can denounce and threaten our freedoms, and periodically they can wound us, as they did yesterday. But they will never extinguish the flame of democracy. Freedom is the powerful, defining force that unites a diverse people under the umbrella known as the United States of America. Yesterday we were all touched by this awful tragedy, but today is a new day in America, and we are stronger and more united than ever. Mr. Speaker, God bless the families of this awful, cowardly act, and may God continue to bless America. Mr. DeMINT. Mr. Speaker, I often rise on the floor of the House and speak of securing America's future. As yesterday's events show, there is much work to be done. Yesterday, we suffered the worst terrorist assault on American soil in the history of our country. The horror that was perpetrated by assailants as yet unidentified, has resulted in untold death and destruction. Regular people, with children, and parents, and brothers and sisters went to work yesterday never suspecting that they would be the victims of catastrophic brutality committed by enemies they never knew. I am deeply saddened for those who lost loved ones, and I know that we will do absolutely everything possible to rescue those still alive but trapped in the rubble. Yesterday we saw evil at its worst. Today, as Americans come together to donate blood, rescue the survivors, and comfort those in mourning, we see America at its best. The first two questions that follow this kind of unspeakable tragedy are always who did it and why. Although we have not yet determined who was behind the attack, we do know some things about them. The people who did this premeditated act of violence were calculated, malicious, and cunning. They ruthlessly turned commercial airliners filled with innocent passengers into flying bombs. They were brazen in their planning and determined in their execution. Their despicable act of violence and cowardice is tantamount to an act of war, and as President Bush said, we must marshall the full resources of the government to hunt down and eliminate those who would use terror as a weapon. We must redouble our efforts to ensure that the manufacturers of terror have no place to rest, no allies willing to risk harboring them, and no hope of ultimate success. The United States of America is a peace loving nation; we are not a people who are easily provoked to confrontation or war. We are slow to anger and practice tolerance. We routinely give of our surplus food, knowledge, and resources to others in the name of humanitarianism. We have opened our arms to receive those fleeing from oppressive regimes who agree with the principles of freedom and wish to join us. And to those peoples and nations who do not agree or do not wish to join us, we strive diligently to coexist with them peacefully in the international community. But there are some who are not satisfied with our decision to sustain a society that protects life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. They refuse to embrace the virtues of freedom and have rejected the blessings of liberty, and further, they have attempted to prevent America from doing so. We espouse freedom and the way we choose to govern ourselves embodies and manifests that principle. Our society, commerce, and government are open. And, as yesterday's attack showed, that openness can make us vulnerable. The goal of our attackers is that we will respond by closing our cities and society and withdraw our efforts to spread freedom around the world so that their quest for power through barbarism will go unchallenged. But we will remain steadfast and continue to challenge terrorism. And so as the dust is settling and the smoke is fading in New York and Washington, and as we count our lost, a rage is kindling. To those who committed this act, I say that you have not accomplished the destruction of Democracy or dampened the light of Liberty. You have only reminded us once again, that there is a price for freedom; but you will surely [[Page 16841]] bear that cost in full as well. You will know the fury and scourge of a people provoked to protect their freedom and answer for loved ones who are now dead. Many have appropriately compared September 11, 2001 with December 7, 1941. It is worth pointing out that in distinction to the events of 1941, yesterdays attack targeted both military personnel and civilians. And while we deal with the shock and dismay that must be similar to the day after the events that catapulted us into World War II, I would note the words attributed to Japanese Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto after the Pearl Harbor attack when he said, ``I fear all we have done is to awaken a sleeping giant and fill him with terrible resolve.'' Today I join with other Members in passing a resolution condemning this act of terrorism and in the coming hours and days, we in Congress will be working closely with the President to rescue survivors, honor our dead, and dispatch the severest possible punishment to those responsible. We have much work to do to secure the future of America, and the principles of freedom and democracy throughout the world. Mr. LARSON of Connecticut. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in strong support of H.J. Res. 61. Yesterday, September 11, 2001, a cowardly attack of horrific proportions was perpetrated against the United States. Words simply cannot explain the enormity and horror of what was witnessed yesterday. It was a day of barbaric acts in striking contrast, the darkest side perpetuating an act of cowardice and the American resolve and heroism, of individuals rushing to rescue those fallen by this despicable cowardly attack. At this time our thoughts and prayers are with the families of the innocent Americans who were murdered or injured in the World Trade Center, the Pentagon, and on board the airlines, in this unprovoked and unconscionable attack on the United States. Make no mistake; what happened Tuesday, September 11, was an act of war, perpetrated by cowardly fanatics with no regard for life. It was an attack against our basic freedoms and values. Our response must be just, swift, and severe. During this time of tragedy, the United States Congress and its members stand strongly united behind our President, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the nation. The United States stands prepared with grim resolve to identify, pursue, and capture, and bring to justice the perpetrators of these attacks. America's resolve is unwavering, with no quarter given to those who have committed these heinous crimes and those who harbor them. There can be no distinction between terrorist and those nations who seek to give them sanctuary and asylum. Yesterday, the world changed. Yesterday, humanity's innocence was stripped away and violated in a flash of fire and the haze of destruction. The nation will do what generations of Americans have done before us, we will roll up our sleeves and get to work, continue the ongoing rescue efforts, mourn those we have lost, rebuild what has been destroyed, and seek justice for this diabolical attack on our Nation. Mr. HALL of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the resolution. Yesterday America lost its innocence. Never again will we feel that we are safe from attack. I am shocked. I am horrified, I am deeply, deeply saddened. Make no mistake about it. Our Nation is at war. However, this is a new kind of war where we aren't sure who is the enemy. At least one thing is certain--our resolve is strong to find those responsible and to punish them. Our response must be swift, forceful, and thorough. But above all, we must be careful that our actions do not unnecessarily increase world tensions. Let us not fall to the barbaric level of our attackers. I proudly represent the Dayton area, home of Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, one of the largest military bases in the country. Every day, tens of thousands of Dayton area citizens work to protect our national security. That work takes a new meaning as our Nation comes to grips with new, urgent military requirements. I join my constituents in offering condolences to the victims and their families of this brutal terrorist attack. My prayers are with them. I am also especially thankful to the fire fighters, police officers, rescue workers, and the military personnel who have risked their lives to protect us. The American spirit cannot be defeated. We will move forward to protect our economy, our military, and our way of life. Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, later this week a delegation from the European Parliament was scheduled to meet in Chicago with an American delegation, which I have the honor to lead, in our 53rd meeting of the Transatlantic Legislators' Dialogue. As much as we would like to proceed in ``regular order'', the two delegations have decided that it will be inappropriate at this time for us to meet in Chicago. Instead, we will meet in Washington. I want to thank the European delegation, headed by chairperson Imelda ``Mel'' Read of the United Kingdom, for a touching expression of sympathy, solidarity, and willingness to work against terror which she sent me yesterday, which I ask that it be inserted in the Record at this point. In addition, I would like to insert a statement from the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the European Parliament and by the Council of Ministers of the European Union, both of which express their solidarity with the United States. European Parliament, Washington, DC, September 11, 2001. Hon. Benjamin A. Gilman, U.S. House of Representatives, Washington, DC. Dear Ben, The members of the European Parliament delegation for relations with the United States and myself are shocked and horrified by the terrorist attacks in New York and Washington. I wish to express to you personally and to the members of the US delegation our deepest sympathy for the innocent victims of these attacks. The European Parliament has repeatedly condemned in the strongest possible terms such appalling acts and I wish to assure you of our determination to stand by the USA in combating terrorism. I would also like to inform you that the European Parliament delegation is ready to participate in any event that may demonstrate our common resolve to continue working together in promoting peace, security and prosperity in the world. Yours sincerely, Imelda Read. ____ Statement of the European Parliament, Committee on Foreign Affairs, Human Rights, Common Security and Defence Policy, Brussels, 12 September 2001 The Foreign Affairs Committee has learned with shock and sorrow of the atrocious terrorist attack in the USA. We join our colleagues in the US Congress and all American people in their deep sorrow and stand united with them in solidarity. This terrorist act is directed against the entire international community of democracies and their citizens. We stand together with the USA in the fight against international terrorism. At the same time, we should develop a joint policy of all democracies against any state hiding or supporting terrorism and we should aim to overcome together the most burning conflicts in the world. No political reason justifies terrorism. ____ Declaration by the European Union The Council of the European Union, meeting in special session today, in the presence of the Secretary General of the Atlantic Alliance, expressed its horror at yesterday's terrorist attacks in the United States. The Council stressed its complete solidarity with the government of the United States and the American people at this terrible time and extended its deepest sympathy to all the victims and their families. We ask all Europeans to observe 3 minutes of silence Friday, 14 September at I2h00 and we also declare 14 September 2001 a day of mourning. These horrendous acts are an attack not only on the United States but against humanity itself and the values and freedoms we all share. The life and work of our open and democratic societies will continue undeterred. The Union utterly condemns the perpetrators and sponsors of these acts of barbarism. The Union and its Member States will spare no efforts to help identify, bring to justice and punish those responsible; there will be no safe haven for terrorists and their sponsors. The Union will work closely with the United States and all partners to combat international terrorism. All international organizations, particularly the United Nations, must be engaged and all relevant international instruments, including on the financing of terrorism, must be fully implemented. The Community and its Member States have offered to the United States all possible assistance with search and rescue operations. Discussions are underway to establish what help would be most useful. Recalling the strong and enduring ties which exist between the European Union and the United States, the Council has asked the Presidency to stay in close contact with the government of the United States in order to convey this message of solidarity. ____ September 12, 2001. On behalf of the eight members of the British Parliamentary Delegation in Washington Hon. Michael Connarty MP said: Every member of our all-party delegation expresses our deepest sympathy to the American people at this time of tragedy. Our heartfelt condolences go out to the families, friends and communities who have lost love ones. [[Page 16842]] We unreservedly condemn these cowardly acts of terror against innocent people. All of our delegation stand united behind Prime Minister Tony Blair and Foreign Secretary Jack Straw in offering solidarity and help to bring the perpetrators to justice. On a personal level, our delegation wishes to record our thanks to the State Department Officials who showed such concern for our safety and welfare when we found ourselves in the Capitol during the attack on the Pentagon. We are impressed by the bravery and resolve of the American people, their representatives and their government. We are certain they will prevail. Michael Connarty, James Clappisson, David Heath, Patsy Calton, Baroness Walmsley, Angela Watkinson, John Lyons, David Hamilton. Mr. HALL of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I join all Americans today in mourning the loss of so many innocent American citizens and condemning those who planned and carried out these horrific acts of terrorism on September 11, 2001, a day that will be forever emblazoned in the hearts of all Americans. This is the fourth generation type of warfare that we have long feared, and we will employ every available resource to eradicate such tactics from the face of the earth. We will not rest until we ferret out those who perpetrated this infamous act and those who aided or abetted this action. Our nation is united in our deep sympathy and compassion for the victims, families and friends of those who perished and were injured. We are united in our gratitude for the heroism of rescue workers and volunteers. And we are united in our indignation and our determination to find and to punish those responsible for these barbaric acts of terrorism. Our prayers go out to the victims, their families, and for our country at this time of national tragedy. We have been shaken by these savage and cowardly attacks--but our resolve and our character will never be daunted. Americans always rise to the challenge of a crisis, and we will once again show the world what it means to be an American. May God's grace be with the victims, their families, and with America. Mr. SIMPSON. Mr. Speaker, yesterday, our nation witnessed one of the most despicable acts imaginable to mankind. The senseless devastation unleashed through these cowardly acts left every American with a sense of lost innocence and increased fears. Today, however, our nation stands united against not only the individuals who perpetrated the attacks, but against those who abhor freedom and embrace such evil and hatred. America is a land that embraces freedom and values human life. We are a people that rush to help our fellow citizens, even at great peril to ourselves. Yesterday, America witnessed the heroism of police, firefighters, and bystanders who risked their own lives to help others. That is America at its finest--a spirit that will not be broken. While America grieves, no nation, group, or individual engaged in or harboring terrorism should misunderstand the immense resources being employed to identify and punish those responsible. We will find you, we will hunt you down, and we will eliminate you. The American people and the rest of the world must know that in times of great pain and tragedy, America is united not divided. As we have done countless times throughout our nation's glorious and storied history, Americans will unit behind President Bush to ensure that justice is served. Let us not forget the words of Japanese Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto following the bombing of Pearl Harbor who feared he had, ``. . . awakened a sleeping giant and instilled in him a terrible resolve.'' We must continue to pray for those who have been impacted by this tragedy. The families and friends of those killed and injured yesterday need our support, comfort, assistance, and prayers for many months to come. Mr. DICKS. Mr. Speaker, as we pass this Resolution in Congress today condemning the terrorist incidents that took place in New York City and in Washington yesterday, we are also committing ourselves to supporting the increased resources that will be necessary to respond to this newly enhanced threat. All of our lives have been changed as a result of the events of September 11th, and as we reflect upon the loss of life and the human impacts of this tragedy, let us also resolve to take the appropriate actions to assure that we are better able to protect the lives of American citizens in a world that has become a more dangerous place. In this regard, I believe there is consensus at this time among Members of Congress to support the increased level of spending for defense and national security in the next fiscal year. But I am concerned, Mr. Speaker, about the real defense requirements that each of the military services has submitted to Congress, in response to a request from Congressman Ike Skelton earlier this year. These ``unfunded requirements'' of the Army, Navy, Marine Corps and the Air Force represented the actual requests that were NOT included in the budget for Fiscal Year 2002, submitted by President Bush in June. The total amount of that listing of unfunded requirements submitted to Congress was $32.4 billion, and when the President's budget was submitted to Congress in June, it accounted for NONE of these urgent requests from the services. Therefore, as we debate the defense authorization and defense appropriations bills in the aftermath of yesterday's tragedies, I believe it would be helpful for the Members of the House to review a summary of the list of unfunded requirements. I believe this listing details the kind of expenditures that we have postponed for too long. At this time, I believe the real national security need is closer to the actual requests that were made by the Joint Chiefs, and I my colleagues to support a more responsible level of defense spending for the next fiscal year. Following are some of the highlights of the listing of Unfunded Defense Requirements for the next fiscal year. army Equipment Recapitalization: The Army needs $421 million to recapitalize its Apache and Chinook Helicopters and its Abrams tanks and Multiple Launch Rocket systems. Comanche: The Army needs $52.3 million to support its Comanche program at the minimum sustainable level. The Army has identified Comanche as its first Transformational program. Army Data Distribution System (ADDS): The Army needs $124.5 million to upgrade and maintain its data distribution and communications networks in support of more rapid deployments and operations. SINCGARS: The Army needs $17.6 million just to buy the required numbers of the baseline SINCGARS radio. Information Systems Security: The Army needs $48.6 million to upgrade and ensure the security of its information systems. HMMWVs: The Army needs $264 million to purchase 4000 HMMWVs to cover unit shortages. Heaters: The Army needs $22 million to replace unsafe heaters used in field encampments by deployed troops. navy and marine corps Defense Message System (DMS) Transition: The navy has a shortfall of $15 million because the new Defense Message System (DMS) cannot support the Navy's special handling and Emergency Action Messages. The Navy has to maintain two messaging networks to handle its highest priority communications as a result, and this requirement is unfunded. Close-In-Weapons-System (CIWS): The Navy needs $85 million to fully fund upgrades to the Close-In-Weapons-System on Navy ships. This system defends against small fast moving boats and both slow and high speed missiles and aircraft. Rolling Airframe Missile (RAM): The Navy needs $121 million to fully fund the RAM missile which protects Navy ships from Anti-Ship Cruise Missiles. F-A 18 E/F: The Navy needs an additional $390 million to buy 7 more F/A 18s than currently planned. The average age of Navy planes is now on course to exceed the average age of its ships, an astonishing and troubling problem. The Navy must recapitalize its air fleet. EA-6B Jammers: The Navy needs $15 million to replace 57 jammer pods that are obsolete. These aircraft protect attack aircraft from Surface to Air Missiles (SAMs) Spares: The Navy needs $294 million to fund Spare Parts Training: The Navy needs $30 million to fund 2 additional trainer aircraft for training Navy pilots and $123 million for live and inert training ordnance Integrated Defense Electronic Counter Measures (IDECM): The Navy needs $45 million to equip this year's F/A 18 E&F fighters with the IDECM system which protect these aircraft from Surface to Air Missiles (SAMs) Air Force Wartime Reserve Munitions Replenishment: The Air Force needs $362 million to replenish its stocks of ammunitions, bombs, warheads, missiles, and guidance kits of all of its armaments. Readiness Spares: The Air Force needs $46.5 million to fully equip its readiness spares kits Link 16: The Air Force needs $232.8 million to procure and install the Link-16 network capability on its Command and Control Aircraft (the AWACS and JSTARS) and 10% of its strike force to ensure that these aircraft can be updated with the latest information on threats and targets while in the air. Global Air Traffic Management (GATM): The Air Force needs $50.9 million to equip its C-130, KC-10, and C-12 airlift fleet with the [[Page 16843]] Global Air Traffic Management (GATM) which is required for safe flight in commercial airspace. Time Critical Targeting: The Air Force needs $291 million for network and planning tools and communications upgrades to allow planning of air campaigns capable of attacking time critical targets as they are identified. Bomber Upgrades: The Air Force needs $730.7 million to fund upgrades to its workhorse bomber fleet that delivers a majority of all bombs and missiles. These aircraft are projected to have service lives of up to 80 years, and this funding is needed to keep them operating and as capable as possible. Fighter Upgrades: The Air Force needs $640.9 million to fund upgrades to the A-10, F-15, and F-16 fighters to upgrade avionics, increase reliability and mission capable rates, and enhance survivability Stored Munitions: The Air Force needs $127 million to replace obsolete munitions that are prepositioned overseas with modern precision guided munitions. Fighter Self Protection: The Air Force needs $45 million for electronic self protection measures on the A-10 & F-16, and accelerate development of a towed decoy for the F-15. Mr. COSTELLO. Mr. Speaker, I rise today with the rest of my colleagues to condemn the terrorist attack on the United States and to express my sympathy to the victims of this horrific action. The destruction of the World Trade Center and the Pentagon was a frontal assault on the United States, our people, and our way of life. Democracy and freedom will not yield to these cowardly acts. I have great faith in the citizens of this country, and the heroic and selfless acts witnessed in response to this tragedy are a testament to the strength of the American people. We stand here today to further demonstrate the resolve of this great nation. The government is functioning normally, and Congress is in session. We come together today, Democrats and Republicans, to send the unmistakable message to the world that this country will not give in to terrorism. We will support the President and authorize any action necessary--employing all of the resources at the disposal of the U.S. government--to identify, track down, and bring to justice the perpetrators of this despicable act. The attack yesterday was the single worst terrorist event in U.S. history. The bombing of Pearl Harbor in 1941 claimed 2,400 lives. Estimates indicate that thousands of lives were lost yesterday. My prayers are with the victims and their families, as they deal with the impact of their loss. It will take some time to fully understand the human toll that was exacted on September 11, 2001. But we already know that the United States will stand tall and survive, with liberty and justice for all, now and forever. Mr. MEEHAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today with my colleagues in sadness and anger, as our nation has paid severely for its love for freedom. Yesterday, those who have long practiced terror against the innocent revealed that their capacity for evil truly knows no bounds. They struck at America because America embodies what they hate: prosperity born of liberty; the triumph of diversity; and the pursuit of justice at home and abroad. While the entire nation mourns the loss of innocent life, many families in Massachusetts are experiencing loss on a personal level as two of the airplanes used in this attack began their journey in Boston. My thoughts and prayers are with those who lost friends and loved ones too young, too soon. No words of sympathy can ease their pain; no acts can restore what they have lost. Our responsibility to them above all is to honor and recall those who died and bring those responsible for their deaths to justice. Those who visit violence on citizens of this nation will feel America's might. We pursue them without joy but with a firm resolve to prevent future tragedy. Today is a day for mourning and remembrance. In the days to come, we must take a hard look at the state of our defenses against terrorism. It is a delicate task to prevent terror while preserving the civil liberties that have long distinguished our nation. We must rededicate ourselves to finding a balance that both protects and empowers the American people. And we must never, ever let down our guard. Terrorism may spill blood on our shores. But it cannot extinguish our nation's faith in the principles which motivated its founding and have guided its history. America will endure, stronger tomorrow than today, ever a beacon of hope and inspiration to the entire world. While I recognize that this list may be incomplete, I wish to honor and remember the men, women and children of Massachusetts who died at the hands of terror yesterday, and whose names will forever testify to America's commitment to freedom: John Ogonowski, Dracut, Mass. Anna Williams Allison, Stoneham, Mass. Robin Caplin, Natick, Mass. Jeffrey Coombs, Abington, Mass. Tara Creamer, Worcester, Mass. David DiMeglio, Wakefield, Mass. Paige Farley Hackel, Newton, Mass. Alex Filipov, Concord, Mass. Karleton D.B. Fyfe, Brookline, Mass. Peter Gay, Tewksbury, Mass. Ted Hennessey, Belmont, Mass. Charles Jones, Bedford, Mass. Daniel C. Lewin. Chris Mello, Boston, Mass. Laura Lee Morabito, Framingham, Mass. Jane Orth, Haverhill, Mass. David Retik, Needham, Mass. Richard Ross, Newton, Mass. Bill Weems, Marblehead, Mass. Garnet ``Ace'' Bailey, Lynnfield, Mass. Mark Bavis, West Newton, Mass. John Cahill, Wellesley, Mass. Lynn Goodchild, Attleboro, Mass. Peter Hanson, Massachusetts. Susan Hanson, Massachusetts. Christine Hanson, Massachusetts. James E. Hayden, Westford, Mass. Ruth McCourt, Westford, Mass. Juliana Valentine McCourt, Westford, Mass. Jesus Sanchez, Hudson, Mass. Brian D. Sweeney, Barnstable, Mass. Patrick J. Quigley IV, Wellesley, Mass. Jessica Sachs, Billerica, Mass. Alex Filipov, Concord, Mass. Kenneth Waldie, Methuen, Mass. Peter Hashem, Tewksbury, Mass. Betty Ong, Andover Mass. Douglas Gowell, Methuen, Mass. Frederick Rimmele, Marblehead, Mass. Robert Jalbert, Swampscott, Mass. Dianne Snyder, Westport, Mass. Louis Neal Mariani, formerly of Dracut, Mass. Marie Pappalardo, formerly of Methuen and Lawrence, Mass. Memories of them will always be with us. Mr. WAXMAN. Mr. Speaker, I join my colleagues in shock, horror, and outrage over the indescribable tragedy that has engulfed our nation. Yesterday, extremists hijacked our own domestic airplanes and used them as missiles in a horrific terrorist attack against the symbols of American economic and military strength. No words can fully describe the sense of loss that we and other members of our American family feel. The lives of thousands of families were shattered among yesterday's rubble and we grieve with them. No American was left untouched by yesterday's quiet heroes who put their own lives at risk. From the employee of the World Trade Center who carried a disabled woman on his back down dozens of floors to safety, to the firefighters and police officers who lost their lives running into burning buildings, to airplane passengers who performed tremendous acts of heroism that will forever remain unsung, to the thousands who gave blood and volunteered to help in any way they could. There are so many examples of selfless acts by Americans who, despite their own crises, looked to ease the tragedy of those around them. We also cannot forget the courage of tens of thousands of federal employees who reported for work today despite the fear and vulnerability they cannot help but feel. Yesterday's terrorist attack was an act of pure evil, but the foundations of American democracy remain intact and strong. As incomprehensible as it is to understand how our lives will be changed, one thing is certain--the United States Government will seek out those responsible, avenge these attacks, and take fierce retribution against the cowards who are responsible. America is at war. We will remain vigilant and we trust that all civilized nations of the world will join us in our determined fight to uphold democracy and the rule of law. Mr. KUCINICH. Mr. Speaker, America grieves for the victims of these terrorist attacks, and for their families and friends. Our prayers are with them and our hearts go out to those who have endured unbearable loss. Our most hopeful thoughts are with those who have risked their lives in heroic rescue efforts. In this grim moment, we must be resolute in protecting the fabric of our democracy and the individual freedoms that make America a great nation. As we grieve, we cannot let terrorists win by turning the United States into a police state. America must remain calm because such calm is essential to preserving our liberties. America must bring to justice those responsible for these cowardly deeds. We must be cautious about rolling back freedoms at home or placing blame in the wrong place. America must continue to be a beacon of democracy for the world. Let this sad moment cause all governments and all people of good [[Page 16844]] will around the world to unite and to move together to challenge and uproot those who have destructive goals which seek to create death and drive the world toward chaos. Now, more than ever, America must continue to be a force for peace in the world. We must not let the terrorists win. Mr. BERMAN. Mr. Speaker, today we come together as a nation to mourn the victims of yesterday's abominable terrorist attacks, offer our deepest condolences to their families and friends, honor the courageous rescue workers who lost their lives in the line of duty, and condemn in the strongest possible terms those responsible for these monstrous acts. No words can adequately express our shock, our sadness, and our tremendous loss from this terrible tragedy. The great promise of the new millennium has been forever tarnished by these unfathomable acts of barbarism. It is almost impossible to comprehend the hatred that motivated the perpetrators to take the lives of so many innocent men, women and children. This was truly an act of pure evil. We must never forget these heinous attacks and the many victims that perished. But even as we ponder the sheet horror of yesterday's events, we must not allow ourselves to become paralyzed by fear and apprehension. This is exactly what the terrorist hoped to achieve. We must deny them any semblance of victory. In these trying times, we are once again reminded of the strength and fortitude of the American people, and the power of our shared beliefs in freedom, liberty and justice. The firefighters and police officers who sacrificed their lives to help those in need, the thousands of people lining up around the country to donate blood, and the countless others that have come forward to offer assistance typify the essence of the American spirit. This is something no terrorist attack can even extinguish. We will spare no effort or expense in tracking down the cowardly thugs responsible for planning and carrying out these unprecedented attacks. There will be no place for them to hide, no sanctuary in which they can cower. We will seek them out wherever they are and see that justice is done. If our enemies believed that the American people would shrink in the face of terror, then they were wrong. Instead, they will learn--as our foes have learned in the past--that adversity only strengthens our resolve. We will fight and win the war against international terrorism, and from this battle will emerge a strong, safer American and a more secure, freer world. Mr. MARKEY. Mr. Speaker, yesterday America walked through the eye of terror's perfect storm. Thousands of American families were hideously drafted into a war that they, and most of us, only dimly perceived and little understood. But today we emerge from the ashes of hate and the horror of evil reminded that America has an historical mission in the world--to hold up freedom's light and defend it against every and all attempts to snuff it out. William Lloyd Garrison once said: With reasonable men, I will reason, with humane men I will plead; but to tyrants I will give no quarter, nor waste arguments where they will certainly be lost. Today, the Congress is saying, for the world to hear, that: With reasonable men we will reason; With humane men we will plead; but to agents of modern terror, we will give no quarter nor waste our arguments. Mr. CROWLEY. Mr. Speaker, yesterday, September 11, 2001, the most horrific terrorist attack in the history of the world was perpetrated against the people of the United States of America. Some have compared this attack to Pearl Harbor, but I do not. While Pearl Harbor was awful, it was a surprise attack against a military installation. Yesterday's cowardly attack was targeted solely against civilians. This was no Pearl Harbor, but something far worse. Our nation, especially the people of New York City, are not in a position to begin to understand the catastrophic amount of death and grief which this one day has wrought upon us. It will take time before many of us can fully evaluate the true atrocities that have taken place and begin the process of absorbing and then accepting the events of September 11, 2001. But no one was untouched by these events. All of our lives have been altered forever. I was in New York at the time of the attack on the World Trade Center and saw with my own eyes the complete destruction that befell a once great structure. Worse than that, I saw the trauma on the faces of the people who may never see or speak to their loved ones again. What we have witnessed are unforgettable sights. For the rest of our lives, and beyond, people with watch video of a plane crashing into the World Trade Center, of the Pentagon burning uncontrollably, and perhaps most terrible of all, two one hundred-ten story buildings tumbling to the earth. These are horrible images, burned forever into the American conscious. But beyond those ghastly sights, yesterday also provided us with sights I will never forget. Inspirational visions of Americans coming together to help fight these cowardly acts; coming together to show that even though terrorists can bring down buildings, terrorism cannot defeat the freedom and patriotism in the hearts of all Americans. People commonly saw how hard and cynical New Yorkers are--but yesterday New Yorkers lined up to give blood, donate supplies and cook meals to help the rescuers and the rescued alike. New York's firemen and policemen came to the rescue and saved many lives, while sacrificing far too many of their own. These acts of compassion have brought our nation together. Every member of this body will come out today and denounce these events, calling upon our government to strike back, and show that we will not bow down to terrorism, that the people of the United States will fight back against whatever terrorists throw our way. As I watched the people lining up to give blood, and heard the outspoken anger of people across this country on every news station, I realized that America has already begun to strike back. The way terrorists win is to frighten innocent people, to make them change their lives. The American people have demonstrated a complete unwillingness to let that happen. Mr. Speaker, we grieve for the thousands of people who lost their lives in New York, Washington, DC and Pennsylvania, and my heartfelt sympathy goes out to all of the families throughout our country who are today mourning a missing loved one. But we do not grieve for America or for the ideas of freedom upon which our country is based. They continue to thrive and without a doubt, they will guide us through these troubled times. May God bless America and all Americans. Mr. CUNNINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, September 11, 2001 will long stand as one of the darkest days in U.S. history. But in the aftermath of those heinous attacks on our nation, the world has seen us in what may well be our finest hours. With each passing hour after of the attacks on our nation's most enduring symbols, we learned about Americans reaching out to help their neighbors. All across the land, people were lining up to donate blood, giving their time at hospitals to treat victims and offering an untold amount of assets to the common cause of the disaster recovery. And we now know that the earliest heroes of this unprecedented tragedy even sacrificed their lives to spare far more Americans and their government from further horror. We thank all those who have risen to the challenge, and the many more sure to come to our aid in this time of crisis. You all exemplify what is best about our country and why we endure in good times and bad. Diverse and independent as we Americans are, we have never lost our underlying national unity. Our freedoms allow us to question other's views, and to publicly criticize our government. We are able to challenge the underlying principles of every public policy, and we are proud to do so for all Americans and the world to view. Some perceive those differences of opinion as a sign of weakness to be exploited, but they are what weave together the broad tapestry that is America and allows it to thrive as a superpower. Indeed, we are a people of many heritages, customs, religions and political viewpoints. It is not surprising that we have often found ourselves disagreeing on social policies, programs and personal value issues. But no one should mistake that for a lack of the most important traditional ``family value'' of all--that as Americans. No matter what our religious beliefs, we can join together for a moment of silence. We can still pray together for friends, neighbors, our community and our country. No matter where we stand on any raging debate of the day, we are still able to start each ballgame standing together to sing the national anthem. Despite our political differences, all members in the House of Representatives and students across America start each day together saying the Pledge of Allegiance. And even when we disagree with our government, citizens still fly the American flag with pride. And yes, we can even reach fever pitch debating the federal budget and our economic future. But in the end we work together trying to develop a plan that will best protect our future. And we have seen just that in recent weeks. The ties that [[Page 16845]] bind us may be flexible, but they are stronger than ever. It should be clear today that we will always join together when our national security is threatened, and we will do what is necessary to protect our interests. Unfortunately, some individuals are more committed to extremism in the name of religion rather than freedom. They will go to any lengths to achieve their goals and show their commitment to the cause. Undercutting adversaries--whether real or perceived--is more important than abiding by the laws of their religion. They are threatened by the United States, and our willingness to defend other freedom-loving people under seige. But they are not able to take us on in the open, in the naked light of world opinion, because they know they are destined to lose that battle. And they don't have the capability or he human resources to confront us military. So they strike out in the kind of cowardly acts of violence we saw yesterday--seeking desperate revenge on those who challenge them and hoping to undermine our will. It should be clear to everyone following this tragedy that the terrorists have not succeeded in their suicide mission. In fact, world opinion has totally turned against them. Those who supported this deadly mission and any future would-be terrorists need to understand one thing: their attempts to undermine us has only strengthened our resolve to protect our interests. And protect them we will. Our nation is grieving its losses, and I share in offering my sympathy to the many families and neighbors who have lost loved ones to this senseless crime against humanity. We are grateful for the many individuals who have come to the aid of their fellow citizens, and are humbled by the acts large and small. But as we respond to this tragedy, we will not ignore the need to protect our security interests. We will stand one hundred percent behind our government in its efforts to respond. Rest assured, we will dedicate no less effort or resources to tracking down the perpetrators of these deadly attacks than we have to the humanitarian cause. We will exact a price for those who acted against our country and all who enabled them--wherever they may be. We will not relent until we are satisfied that all have been accounted for and brought to justice, and that the world understands that the cost of threatening our freedoms is too high. Mr. CONDIT. Mr. Speaker, yesterday will forever mar American history. We will long remember the horrible tragedy that was inflicted on thousands of innocent men, women and children. While the hearts and prayers of our nation go out to the victims and their families, we must very firmly fix our sights on finding those responsible. They must be brought to justice and they must pay the price. In listening to the President's address last evening, I wholeheartedly endorse his statement that any persons, groups or nations that played a role in either carrying out these horrific deeds or sheltering those who are responsible must be held accountable. The World Trade Center has been a target of terrorism in the past. We have been warned that major terrorist activities would occur on U.S. soil. Yesterday's attack required sophisticated planning and coordination. Dozens, if not hundreds of people, had to be part of the plot to bring these attacks into fruition. Others clearly assisted the terrorists. They must be found and they must be punished. We must not let any stone go unturned. We must follow any path wherever it takes us and clearly determine responsibility for these horrendous acts. Then, we must act swiftly and decisively. Anyone who thinks they can commit barbarous acts such as these must feel the full weight of the American people. Today we stand as one. We are Americans--united and strong in our resolve. Let no person, group or nation misunderstand that. As tragic as yesterday's events are, we must learn from them and look at America's intelligence and security apparatus with an objective eye. Our intelligence and security agencies must be reviewed from the perspective of how we failed to sense that a terrorist operation this large was underfoot, and how our airport security could break down so completely. We must ask ourselves hard questions and then come up with honest answers. We owe that much and more to the victims, their families and the American people. While we grieve for our losses we must ensure they can never happen again. Mr. RYUN of Kansas. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in response to this attack on our American way of life and to this affront on our rights to life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness. On behalf of the people of Kansas, we offer our prayers and support to those searching for survivors in the rubble and fighting the still smoldering fires in New York and at the Pentagon. We also want to offer deepest sympathies to those families suffering the loss of a loved one. And, to all of us as Americans who are feeling a loss of safety and security, I want to share the words found in the Bible in Daniel 3:17 which says, If we are thrown into the fire, the God we serve is able to deliver us from it. I also offer these words to those who played any part in perpetrating this terrible act and want to put each and every one of them on notice that deliverance also means that justice will be served. We will dedicate every resource and every fiber of our being to making it so. Mrs. EMERSON. Mr. Speaker, tonight, America is united in mourning those lost in the faceless and cowardly attacks on Americans in our nation. During this most difficult time, our thoughts and prayers are with the victims, families, law enforcement, and medical professionals that have been directly touched by this horrible tragedy. But even as we try to make sense of what can only be described as a senseless act of hatred, we must remain strong, vigilant, and unwavering in our commitment to fight tyranny at every turn. And as the President said our response will be swift--against those who carried out the acts and those who harbor them as well. In doing so, together we will work to bring the cowards responsible for these despicable actions to justice. We have seen unspeakable horror and evil. Today, we stand with resolve and purpose to preserve justice, freedom, and democracy--the very foundation of our great nation. Mr. WATKINS of Oklahoma. Mr. Speaker, today I rise to fully support this joint resolution today condemning the horrible acts of terrorism committed against the United States on September 11, 2001. I am both saddened and angered by yesterday's events. Like most Americans, I have been watching these events in disbelief, and praying for the families, the victims, the rescue workers, and those responsible for finding the guilty parties. I, along with the people of the Third District of Oklahoma, send condolences and prayers to those affected by these senseless and cowardly attacks. Make no mistake: our Nation is at war. The acts that were perpetrated against the United States yesterday were a willful act of destruction to destabilize our American democracy. The acts were meant to threaten our freedom. In fact, they have failed. The American people will not be intimidated by the threats of faceless, cowardly terrorists. We will not live in fear. Our attackers have underestimated the will and resolve of the American people. The country is united today more strongly than before yesterday's terrorist attack. We are united in our purpose: to hunt down and eliminate the individuals and organizations who commit, support, and ferment these acts of evil. We will not rest until we find and destroy all of the terrorists who are responsible for committing these acts. A free Nation cannot be truly free until the threat of terrorism is extinguished. Any our Nation will be free--the United States of America--shall pay whatever the price to remain free. Mr. KIRK. Mr. Speaker, as we move from the shock and anger of yesterday's terrorist attack, we must take action to protect every American. We suffered an intelligence failure similar to Pearl Harbor. We must identify how our intelligence missed the planning for this attack and correct the problem. We must lift restrictions on our agents operating abroad and provide them with the tools they need to defeat terrorists who attack Americans. Our aviation security system also failed. We need sky marshals on every flight while applying the lessons from airlines like Israel's El Al that operate safely under terrorist threat. We will work with manufacturers, airlines and pilots to secure cockpits from any attempt to commandeer the aircraft. Our military and intelligence establishment won the cold war, but must now be reformed to master the threats of a new century. Terrorism, weapons of mass destruction, cyber-attack and ballistic missiles are the new threats to our freedom. We must build a Global Alliance Against Terrorism with our key allies in NATO, the Middle East and Asia. If this attack was delivered by foreign terrorists, we will hunt them down. Terrorists cannot operate without the support of governments. if we find a foreign government provided aid for this attack, that government will face the full might of the U.S. military and our allies. Our grandfathers and mothers of the Greatest Generation responded to Pearl Harbor's call. This is our time. Standing behind our President and our government, we will protect the American people, our allies and the ideals we hold dear. [[Page 16846]] Mr. POMBO. Mr. Speaker, at 9:43 A.M. on Tuesday, September 11, 2001, I was atop the United States Capitol giving a tour of the Capitol Dome when I saw a burst of fire, then a mushroom cloud and smoke billowing out of the Pentagon. At first, I though the explosion occurred in nearby housing developments. It could not be the Pentagon. But no, it was much too close. The Pentagon was on fire. I left my office exactly one minute before the second airliner crashed into the World Trade Center, and I did not know at first that the United States had been the victim of terrorist attacks. Quickly, though, I could see that something was terribly wrong and was ushered out of the Capitol to safety. Like everyone else, I was shocked and saddened at the events of that day. These were senseless and cowardly attacks on our freedom and our liberty. These acts will not go unpunished. We, as Americans, have a tremendous ability to join together and unite in times of need. We have seen this in the record number of citizens throughout the nation rushing to blood banks to donate blood. My district office in Stockton, California, has been flooded with calls from people wanting to help. In 1994, when we were faced with the potential of sending United States forces into Bosnia, and again in 1998 facing a potential conflict with Iraq, I presented five parameters to guide decisions to commit our armed forces to overseas conflict. We must: 1. Protect territories belonging to the United States. 2. Preserve our political and economic system from foreign threats. 3. Keep sea lanes open for trade, and maintain free and voluntary trade between the United States and trading partners. 4. Prevent domination of strategic areas of the globe by powers hostile to the existence and interests of the United States. 5. Safeguard Americans and their property from acts of terrorism. These acts have hurt each and every one of us, but our resolve is unshaken and our courage as a people is solid. And so, our duty as a nation is to unite behind President George W. Bush to take whatever steps necessary to apprehend these cowardly thugs and bring a swift and just punishment. To the families, who have either received the news of the death of a loved one, or are holding out hope that their loved one will be recovered safely, my prayers, and the prayers of all Americans are with you. I knew one of the victims, and understand the pain. I stand firmly behind our President in this hour of crisis. The United States of America will continue to shine as a beacon of hope and freedom to nations throughout the world. There is nothing any terrorist can ever do to change our Democracy. May God bless America. Ms. McCARTHY of Missouri. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to speak in favor of the bipartisan resolution sponsored by the House Majority and Minority Leaders. Let me begin by expressing my profound sorrow and deepest sympathy to the friends and families who have lost loved ones in this tragic attack, or who are awaiting word of their friend or family member's well being. I commend the efforts of the rescue workers and volunteers who are working around the clock to aid and assist the victims. Our Missouri FEMA Urban Search and Rescue Team will arrive in New York today to lend their expertise. Members of Congress and their staff will be donating blood tomorrow to ensure survivors have this vital resource. Our collective grief as a body is enormous and impossible to quantify. We stand united behind our President. Just as we rebuilt our belief in our NASA space program following the 1986 tragedy when the orbiter Challenger exploded after launch killing all crew including teacher Christa McAuliffe, we can come together as a people and strengthen our national security and work internationally to rid the world of terrorist attacks in the future. Mr. Speaker, I join with you and all members to remember the victims of the terrorist attacks in New York City, rural Pennsylvania, and at the Pentagon by observing this day, September 12, as a national day of unity and mourning as called for in this resolution. For the Record, I submit a number of personal reflections from members of my congressional staff. Jon Atlas, Legislative Correspondent: In the wake of this disaster, our challenges are threefold: First of all, we must continue to locate survivors of the attack and work to comfort the friends and families of those most affected. My heart goes out to all those whose family and friends have lost their lives or are still missing in the rubble. In this darkest of moments in history. I am encouraged to know that rescue workers from around the country have convened upon New York for no personal gain, but rather to help save the lives of their fellow Americans. This heroism is an example of our country greatest assets: our spirit. In the face of this tragedy, our country will come together: to help our neighbors cope, to ease the suffering, and to restore American confidence. After watching yesterday's rescue efforts unfold, I'm extremely honored to call myself an American knowing that people with such a grand spirit live within our borders. Secondly, we must ensure that we prevent future acts of terror from reaching American soil. The terrorists knew of our security weakness, and we must close these holes. Our airports must be safe, our roads must be safe, and our borders must be safe. One major area of concern for me is that in an age of immeasurable technological advancement, it is possible for a commercial jumbo jet to simply ``disappear'' from FAA communication. Each plane in the air should be accounted for at all time. By restoring the secure feeling to which we have become accustomed, America will proceed down the road of prosperity. Finally, we must seek out those who have shattered the dreams of so many innocent travelers, business people and federal employees and punish them for their heinous act. Soon, foreign governments will understand the consequences of harboring terrorists. The United States will send a clear message that these types of actions against our citizens will not be tolerated or forgotten. Yesterday's victims go beyond those within the area of the direct attack. America's freedoms and way of life were under siege, but our ideals held up. This morning, seeing the Capitol building with the flags flying made me realize our country will not fold under such massive disasters. Our citizens may have been attacked, but our democracy will persevere. Nicki Cardwell, District Aide: From the heartland we send our hearts, prayers and support for our fellow Americans personally suffering from this terrible atrocity. In American tradition we will continue with our daily work with heavy hearts and a quiet determination to preserve the freedom that this country represents. This injustice has raised an awareness of how vulnerable people of a free nation can be and we will preserver as generations before us. Evan Pickford, Legislative Correspondent: The terrorist attack yesterday was an incredibly sad event for everyone in our country, particularly the families and friends of the many victims of the attack. I feel incredibly fortunate that everyone close to me lived through the incident, but I am still deeply saddened by this tragedy. My utmost condolences go out to everyone who was hurt or lost a loved one from this terrible crime, and I hope for swift action to punish those responsible for these incidents. I hope that this tragedy brings together those survivors to show their love for each other and their appreciation of the value of human life. Beth Rosenberg, Legislative Assistant: September 11, 2001 will live forever in American history as a day of infamy. Yesterday our country was victimized. New York City and the Pentagon were transformed into scenes from a war movie, and the United States witnessed events of a magnitude never before seen in our country. While our country was slowed yesterday by these incredulous attacks, we were not stopped. As Congress convenes today, we demonstrate our nation's resolve and our ability to rally together as we condemn the perpetrators of these heinous acts. From Los Angeles to Washington, DC, Miami to New York, business in the United States will continue as usual. We will go on. We will survive. Today, as we begin another chapter of America's history, let us remember the innocent lives lost in yesterday's tragedy. Let our hearts be with their families and friends, and let our minds be on rebuilding our country. Scott Stark, Special Assistant: Broken buildings and shattered lives cannot shake the foundation of America. We are stronger than any act of terrorism and greater than any sneak attack could ever be. We cannot and will not be intimidated by terrorists. Indeed, we will continue to stand tall as a shining beacon of freedom through the world. Our government is still running, our American leadership is united and committed, and our resolution is only strengthened by these acts of cowardice. Mr. RADANOVICH. Mr. Speaker, America suffered the most heinous acts of violence and cowardice in her history yesterday, and it is with both a heavy heart and a strong will that I address this body here today. As we mourn the loss of yesterday's victims and offer our hopes and prayers to the families that have been shattered, it is important that the United States remain resolute. Our friends and enemies alike must understand that we will not, under any circumstances, be divided by terror or deterred from the defense of freedom here and abroad. Our spirits will not be broken, nor will the resiliency of this nation. This nation, and this Congress, will unite behind our President to deliver this message to the world with swift and certain punishment for those who committed this crime against freedom. In the meantime, I am moved by the country's outpouring of love, support, and assistance in this time of need. And to those who [[Page 16847]] anxiously await and anguish over the unknown fate of their loved ones in New York and here in Washington--I hope you can find some comfort in Ezekial 34:11-13: For this is what the Sovereign Lord says: I myself will search for my sheep and look after them. As a shepherd looks after his scattered flock when he is with them, so will I look after my sheep. I will rescue them from all the places where they were scattered . . . and I will bring them into their own land. God bless America. Ms. PRYCE of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, I thank the honorable Chairman for yielding me this time. Today, first and foremost, our hearts go out to the victims and families affected by yesterday's sad and shocking attacks. The stories of tragedy, and the compelling stories of heroism, that have begun to emerge from the smoke and shattered buildings will forever be a part of this black day that has been burned into our national memory. But let these days that follow be remembered not just for our sadness and anger, but for our national resolve. As a nation, we must now pull together to overcome this vicious attempt to break our national spirit. Those responsible for yesterday's horrific events have seriously miscalculated the strength and resolve of Americans. Our sense of security may be temporarily unsteadied, but our unity is emboldened. Our bonds of liberty, our bonds of freedom, our bonds of democracy are stronger and run deeper than any individual, than any building, than any monument. No act of violence, no knives or sharpened razors, can sever them. We will not be intimidated by cowards. We will remain committed until those responsible learn the steep cost of taking innocent lives--innocent American lives--on American soil. The flame of liberty remains bright and will continue to shine upon the world, casting deep into that dark shadows of violence, intolerance, and extremism. There will be no corner of the earth where the demons of September 11th will be safe from justice. For now, we must go on with our daily lives because to do otherwise would be giving in to the evil behind these events. In our schools and offices, in our neighborhoods and churches, we must begin the healing process. I urge my fellow Americans to donate blood, to volunteer, and offer their prayers and assistance of help to those in need. And as America recovers, we will also pursue our attackers and fight on. Mr. Speaker, we are at war with the most vicious, most cowardly, and most wicked enemy we have faced as a nation. But America ``will not go gentle into that good night.'' For those we have lost and for the future of our nation and the freedom we hold dear--we will strive, we will persevere, and we will prevail. Mr. BURTON of Indiana. Mr. Speaker, yesterday, the nation witnessed an evil, unspeakable act by an evil, despicable, and cowardly enemy. The terrorists who perpetrated these atrocities upon the United States, killing perhaps thousands of innocent people, shall have no place to hide. I am confident that this Congress will support whatever action the President and his national-security team deem necessary to allow our military and law-enforcement officials to bring these terrorists to justice. By now, we are all aware of the scope of this national tragedy. In light of this, we have pulled together as a country, demonstrating our resolve to the world that such actions against this nation will not stand. The people of Indiana have joined their fellow Americans, and indeed men and women of goodwill from around the world, to pray for peace, calm, and justice. Our hearts go out to the victims, their friends, and their families.'' Mr. CAPUANO. Mr. Speaker, I rise to express my profound sympathy for the victims of this terrible tragedy and their families and friends. I cannot begin to imagine their pain, but my thoughts and prayers, and the thoughts and prayers of men and women across America are with them during this difficult time. It is hard to find words to express the sadness and outrage I feel over this heinous act of terrorism and cowardice. This is an assault on democracy and the very freedom that, until yesterday, many of us took for granted. We must stand together to protect our freedom and to ensure that the forces of terror do not diminish our spirit. Congress and the President must now work together in a bipartisan fashion to make sure that our nation has the resources it needs to overcome this tragedy, and to bring those responsible for these terrible crimes to justice. Mr. DAVIS of Illinois. Mr. Speaker, I take this opportunity to express my condolences to the families of all the victims of yesterday's terrorist attacks. The attacks that destroyed the World Trade Center, damaged our Pentagon, destroyed four aircraft and claimed thousands of lives shall not divide us. This is one of the worst tragedies for the world community. The attempt of the actors on yesterday was to strike a blow to democracy and freedom. They will not succeed. We as a world community must unite and condemn terrorism wherever and whenever it occurs. The world community has a responsibility to promote peace and encourage diplomacy. We also have a responsibility to bring to justice those responsible for terrorist acts. On behalf of all my constituents I want to commend the action of all the rescue workers, volunteers, hospital personnel and others who triumph over tragedy by their actions. Rescue workers who did their jobs under extraordinary conditions. Their actions and sacrifices shall not be forgotten. The thousands of people who have lost their lives or been injured shall not be forgotten, or overlooked. I stand with President Bush and my colleagues in condemning this atrocious act of terror. I urge that we bring to justice all of those involved in yesterday's despicable terrorist attacks. Finally, I urge that we work to make sure that communities and agencies have the resources to prevent such atrocities from occurring in the future. God bless America. Mr. WEXLER. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of the resolution. No words can express the sorrow and outrage we all feel in the wake of yesterday's catastrophic events. The lives of countless Americans were forever shattered by the most barbaric act of terrorism ever committed against the United States. My prayers and profound sympathy go to the victims, family, and friends of those affected in yesterday's tragedy. In a very real way, all Americans and all people who believe in freedom were victims of these atrocities. There is absolutely no doubt that those guilty of this vicious and devastating attack will be hunted down and brought to justice. Any nations or individuals harboring or assisting them in any way will be considered equally guilty of these crimes. It is also certain that our nation will now embark on a relentless and unprecedented worldwide campaign to root out terrorism and those who sponsor its vicious and craven tactics. This national nightmare will irrevocably alter how we assess our nation's security; and though our national psyche is imprinted forever with these devastating symbols of hatred, the madmen who perpetrated this act made a terrible and irreversible mistake. Ultimately, this act of violence will not weaken America, it will strengthen our dedication to democracy and bolster our commitment to keeping all Americans safe and free. We will reaffirm our Nation's fundamental values, and we will be stronger than ever. Mr. BARCIA. Mr. Speaker, I rise on this day of grief and mourning to offer my condolences and prayers to all those who lost loved ones during yesterday's heinous and cowardly attack. Our nation stands with you, committed and resolute. Our prayers and hearts are also with the brave men and women of law enforcement and fire rescue. These heroic and fearless professionals have made America proud. We owe you our gratitude and thanks, and we will be forever grateful to you for what you have done. Our country has been shaken and bloodied, but today the United States Congress speaks with one, unified voice. We speak to our friends to say we thank you for your support, aid, and prayers. To those responsible for yesterday's unprovoked acts of war--today--we will declare war on you. You have awakened our anger, and you will be vanquished. You, who have perpetrated these act's of terror will be brought to justice, and we will leave you no quarter. The full force of America's might and wrath is going to be brought to bear on those who assaulted freedom. We have entered a new chapter in our national history--and as we have done so many times in our past, we will be victorious. I urge my colleagues to support this Resolution of Condemnation. God bless America. Mr. BARTLETT of Maryland. Mr. Speaker, Americans must defeat evil and uphold our Constitution. September 11, 2001 will be remembered in history. September 12, 2001, is a national day of unity and mourning. Today and in the days to come, we must unite in our response to an unconventional asymmetric act of war against our freedom. We must unite in our resolve to take the steps necessary to defeat the forces of evil that deliberately targeted thousands of innocent men, women, and children to perpetuate a barbarous attack upon America's and the world's preeminent symbols of democracy, a free market economy, and its military defense. We [[Page 16848]] must equally be united and vigilant in our resolve to protect and preserve the rights endowed upon us by our Creator. We must reaffirm the purpose of our government in our democratic republic as stated in our Constitution's Preamble: ``We the People of the United States, in order to form a more perfect Union, establish justice, ensure domestic tranquillity, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity do ordain and establish this Constitution of the United States of America.'' In responding to this heinous attack, we must reaffirm our commitment to uphold our Constitution, including the rights guaranteed to every American in the Bill of Rights. These precious rights have been secured by the blood and sacrifices of Americans for more than 225 years. I am confident in the ability of today's generation of Americans to honor those sacrifices and the memories of those killed in the attacks on September 11, 2001. We have an obligation to overcome this latest challenge to freedom while honoring our Constitution and preserving the rights it guarantees for ourselves, our children, and our children's children. Mr. RYAN of Wisconsin. Mr. Speaker, as we come together today, in continued shock and deep mourning our hearts go out to all who lost loved ones, friends, and colleagues in yesterday's tragic attacks. As the terrible course of events unfolded yesterday, our nation drew together in shared grief and in strong support for one another-- especially for the families of those killed or injured. We need to do all we can to help them now and in the wrenching weeks ahead. We must preserve the solidarity now shared by all Americans and our allies in other countries in the wake of this horrific act of war. We are resolved to bring those responsible for this atrocity to justice-- swift and sure--and make clear that America, that freedom itself, will never be held hostage to terror. An act of war has been committed against the United States, and we are justified in considering a declaration of war in response, once we find out who planned, executed, and enabled yesterday's terrorist strikes. In this, we stand ready to support our President as the Commander in Chief of our country. With a fresh awareness of our vulnerability, we must move forward to secure our nation. With hope that cannot be defeated, we must turn to what is best within us, put aside our differences, respond to the continuing crisis and begin the process of rebuilding. In searching for this hope, amid the sorrow, we need only turn to the firefighters, police officers, medics, and rescue workers who have put their lives on hold--and often in mortal danger--to respond to this crisis. Their courage, determination, and action are examples for us all. Mr. HOBSON. Mr. Speaker, I rise today with a heavy heart to denonunce the savage, senseless and cowardly attacks upon our citizens, our property and two of our most endearing symbols of national strength in yesterday's terrorist attacks on Washington, New York City and our nation's passenger airlines. We have lived for years under the threat of terrorism and have thwarted several significant plots. We have invested a great amount of time and money to try and create an effective system of countermeasures. Unfortunately, we have now seen just how far some people will go to harm the United States and what we stand for. No political or religious agenda could ever justify the hideous atrocities committed yesterday, and America will have to respond appropriately to ensure that those who would use terror against this country are never again in the position to strike us. As an international hub of commerce, the World Trade Center contained the offices of individuals from around the world who have suffered as a result of this attack. For that reason, this was not only an attack on America, but on all the nations of the world that trade with us. The mood is somber here in Washington today, but we are here and our government is working. Because of our society and our freedoms, we are always going to be susceptible. This heinous act will undoubtedly gain a new urgency to reduce the risks we face from terrorism. It is also critical for our allies and the entire world community to speak in one voice and say ``Terrorism in any form is wrong, and it will no longer be tolerated anywhere in the world. America has been hurt by these attacks, but we are far from defeated. We will care for our wounded and we will mourn those who lost their lives. We will then repair the physical damage to our institutions and seek out those who have perpetrated this obscenity upon us. We will have justice and we will emerge from this catastrophe stronger than before. As Ohio's Seventh District Representative to the Congress of the United States, my thoughts and prayers are with those who have been affected by these attacks and their families. I would ask for all Americans to continue to pray for our nation in the difficult days ahead. Mr. RILEY. Mr. Speaker, today I rise with a heavy heart to express my deepest sorrow for the victims and the victims' families of yesterday's tragedy. Although I know that it offers little solace, I hope that the families of those maimed and murdered in this tragedy know that the prayers and thoughts of our entire nation are with them in their time of grief. Make no mistake about it, we will find and punish those responsible for this horrific act. Today we grieve, Mr. Speaker, not just for the slain victims and their families, but also for all Americans. America has been attacked through a cowardly act of war. Unlike previous conflicts, we now face a nameless and faceless enemy. There is an old saying: you can run, but you can't hide! To those responsible for yesterday's atrocities--we will hunt you down and the punishment will be swift and severe. Throughout her history, America has always been resilient. As Ronald Reagan often said, ``America stands as the shining light on the hill for all the world to see.'' Unfortunately, as the symbol of freedom and democracy, we serve as a constant target for the forces of evil around the globe. America will rise from these ashes stronger and more resolute than ever! We often find that rather than be beaten, times of tragedy bring out the best in Americans. This strength is what made our nation great--and what will ensure America's continued greatness. The efforts of the first responders in New York and Washington have been nothing short of heroic. I have said time and again that it was not a matter of if a terrorist attack of epic proportions would hit our nation, but when. Sadly, the ``when'' occurred at 8:45 Tuesday morning. Had it not been for the trained first responders, the loss of life could have been double or triple the current known death toll. Sadly, many of those evacuating the World Trade Center became casualties in the buildings' collapse. Our gratitude and prayer and go out to them and all the victims of this senseless act of terror. Those who have perpetrated this crime must know that the United States will not allow this injustice to go unpunished. Today we grieve with words, tomorrow we will respond with actions! I urge my colleagues to support this resolution of condemnation. Mr. HANSEN. Mr. Speaker, yesterday America suffered a cowardly attack upon freedom itself. Today, our first responsibility must be to tend to the victims, and their families, in their hour of greatest need. This barbaric act is horrible in both its enormity, and in its closeness. We have all been touched forever. Brady Howell, the husband of one of my office family members, is still among the missing. Our prayers are with Liz and all of the families who grieve today. As we have been so painfully reminded--freedom is never free. It is now our duty to remind the world that freedom is also never afraid. We must send an unmistakable message to the world that we will spare no expense or effort to track down all those responsible and ensure they never strike again. These attacks were an act of war, not a crime, and should be met with a swift and overwhelming response. The world must know there is no middle ground in this war, you either stand with us against terror, or you stand with the terrorist. Our friends will confidently stand with us--our enemies should fear us. America's reach is long, our memory is longer and our resolve is unshakeable. Our fury will be clenched in an iron fist that will rid the world of this evil in a swift and terrible blow. All Americans must stand united with our President in condemnation of these unspeakable acts. Our strength is not in our buildings and symbols but in our people and principles. Let us join together, in this moment of national tragedy, to show the world our true power. We have seen evil yesterday and we shall defeat it. God bless the United States of America. Mr. KERNS. Mr. Speaker, today, our Nation mourns the loss of life of so many innocent people as a result of this cowardly, insane attack. Today, we cannot fully understand or explain this vicious act, but we can pray that the tragic loss of life and injuries to so many will not be without some redemption. This tragedy can and must bring the nations of the free world together--united to bring an end to terrorism in the world. This may not be easily accomplished, but we must lead the effort. Rest assured, freedom and the powers of good will prevail. [[Page 16849]] We, the people of west central Indiana, we in the Congress stand united with the President to spare no expense or resource to bring to justice those responsible for this unjustifiable, heartless act. This evil must be removed from our world. Anything less is unacceptable. Mr. Speaker, I strongly encourage my colleagues to support the resolution. Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, yesterday's horrific, cowardly attack on the United States was a senseless act of terrorism by enemies who abhor America's principles of freedom and justice. The terrorists who perpetrated this attack, however, have a miscalculated view of America: they believe we are weak, but we are strong; they believe we will cower in fear, but we will stand tall in solidarity; they believe they can break our resolve, but our unity will only be strengthened. First and foremost, my heart goes out to the victims and the victims' families of this terrible, horrific attack. The Congress of the United States, along with all Americans, stands with you in this time of sorrow and tragedy. Our thoughts and prayers also go to the firefighters, police officers, doctors, nurses, ambulance teams, hospital workers and all public servants who are working to rescue survivors and to care for the injured. Your heroic efforts will be long remembered. Even as we care for our citizens who have been victimized by this horrible crime, the resources of our government must now be directed toward finding those who caused these acts of violence and bringing them to justice. We must also examine the ways in which we protect ourselves, and we, as leaders, must critically review how we allocate our resources to defend this nation from terrorist attack. In the meantime, our nation stands resolute in the face of this crisis. We are confident in the foundations of our democracy and united through out strength of spirit, which has withstood civil war, world war, the Cold War and encounted acts of discrimination and prejudice in our journey to becoming the strongest, most powerful, freedom-loving country in the world. No despicable act of terrorism can diminish this spirit or take it away. Mrs. McCARTHY of New York. Mr. Speaker, yesterday's horrific and cowardly display of terrorism against the United States has left the country in a state of mourning for the loss of loved ones. This unprovoked and barbaric attack against democratic beliefs must not go unpunished. To test the resolve of the United States, one must be prepared to encounter a proud and unified citizenry whose love for this country will never be diminished by acts of terrorism. The cowardly acts of violence against the World Trade Center in New York and Pentagon in Washington, D.C. unite the country in sorrow. My condolences and prayers go out to the families, many of which reside in my district, for the loss of their loved ones. To those people, let me say I've witnessed firsthand how individuals come together in a moment of crisis, and I can assure you the country will be there for you in your time of need. As yesterday's horrific events unfolded, I watched brave firefighters, law enforcement and rescue personnel risking their lives to save others. I watched hospitals prepare for the wounded and our armed forces go on high alert. I watched a stricken nation respond by rushing to donate blood and volunteer their time to help the injured. These are acts of honor and bravery that no barbaric act of violence can penetrate. Make no mistake, there is no honor in terrorism. It is the ultimate form of cowardice that may shake a nation, but never tear down the resolve of a proud country dedicated to the pursuit of freedom. This Congress is unified behind our President who will guide our country through this tragedy and hunt down those responsible for these inconceivable acts of violence against the United States. Let this resolution not only signify the beginning our healing, but also our resolve to capture those responsible. We will find you, and justice will be administered. God bless America. Mr. ACEVEDO-VILA. Mr. Speaker, yesterday we all witnessed in shock and disbelieve the worst terrorist attack in the history of this great country. America was attacked by a faceless enemy, a coward in the shadows. Many innocent lives were shattered by these horrendous acts of terrorism. I fully support the President's efforts to find the perpetrators and bring them to justice. I am confident that justice will be served and that these crimes will not remain unpunished. My deepest sympathies go to those who yesterday lost their loved ones in Washington and New York. May God Almighty give them peace and comfort them in their grief. Terrorism will not undermine the strength of this nation and the will of our people. There are still many questions in our hearts. As we look for answers, let us work together through these difficult times. America is at war against the forces of terror and destruction. Peace, liberty, and democracy will prevail. America will prevail. Mr. MATSUI. Mr. Speaker, I rise in complete unity with my colleagues in this great body to condemn the most horrific acts of terrorism in our world's history. Our country mourns together today for the victims of yesterday's brutal, cowardly attacks and our thoughts and prayers are with them and their loved ones. We commend and thank the heroic efforts of the thousands of rescue workers who at this hour search tirelessly for the victims and survivors of this national tragedy. Make no mistake, what happened yesterday in New York City and our nation's capitol was a deliberate Act of War against the United States of America and as assault upon the freedoms of people worldwide. When the hijackers steered our civilian airliners into the World Trade Center and the Department of Defense, they not only targeted America's financial and military centers, they attacked our culture, liberties, and way of life. Since our founding, America has served as a symbol of freedom and stands today as the world's greatest, most enduring democracy. While our democratic principles may make us a target for those fearful of freedom, they also bond and unite us in the face of adversity. This tragedy will only make our great nation stronger in rebuilding from the rubble. There shall be no doubt that justice will find all of the cowardly murderers who are in any way responsible or connected with these atrocious acts. This Congress and this government will work with relentless resolve to bring the full resources of these United States and her allies to bear upon the perpetrators of these heinous crimes. They will be brought to justice. I look forward to working in steadfast dedication with my colleagues and with the President in avenging these unspeakable acts. May God bless America. Mr. THOMPSON of California. Mr. Speaker, it took only a matter of minutes to forever change our nation. The worst fears of a free society have come true, and we will live with both the physical as well as the emotional scars from this tragedy for years to come. Today is a day for rescue, grieving and investigation. We must do everything within our power to help the rescue efforts in New York City and at the Pentagon and to extend a compassionate hand to the victims' families. The victims include not only the thousands who responded to save lives only to become victims themselves. As a nation, we took immediate steps yesterday to limit the scope of devastation: we sealed off airspace, closed federal buildings and heightened security across the country. Today we continue to safeguard against the residual threats posed by these horrific events. Yet, a nation whose people are truly free to travel and communicate will always be vulnerable to terrorist attacks. We need to investigate all the facts of yesterday's events so we can determine who is responsible for this insidious action and respond appropriately. As federal agencies and other government offices work together, we can begin to match questions with answers. We must make every effort to prevent this type of tragedy from occurring again. I have every faith that in this time of crisis and mourning, the world will see that the American spirit of resilience remains undeterred. Yesterday our nation came together as a united family. Today, that bond remains stronger than ever. My heart and prayer are with the injured, the victims, and all their families. Mr. EVERETT. Mr. Speaker, like the millions of other Americans who arrived at work Tuesday morning ready for another day, I was deeply shaken and in utter disbelief at the nightmarish events which unfolded before the nation's eyes in New York, Washington, D.C. and in rural Pennsylvania. America was the victim of a direct and coordinated attack that is unprecedented in our country's history. Terrorist forces have declared all out war on the United States and the American people, and in response we must declare war on all terrorists regardless of what banner they fly, or, what country they seek safe harbor in. The innocence of this nation has been shattered and our peoples' peaceful way of life has been forever changed. My thoughts and prayers are with those injured, the families of the many who lost their lives yesterday in these attacks, and those brave Americans desperately trying to recover the victims. In response to horrific injury, loss of life and destruction of our national institutions, the government and the people have rallied together to defend our country and our liberty. I am very proud of our President for his quick response to this national crisis and I fully [[Page 16850]] support and endorse all efforts now underway to track down and swiftly punish those responsible for these despicable acts against America and her citizens. America's resolve has been put to the test like no other time in living memory. We must respond to these terrible acts of cowardice and evil with decisive and overwhelming military force to annihilate those who planned and ordered these attacks on innocent Americans. America is the greatest nation in the history of the world and its greatness will not be diminished by these unspeakable acts of terrorism and fear. To those who would seek to destroy our land, let me be clear. We will not only survive these attacks, but will become stronger in the process as citizens band together to show the world that Americans cannot and will not be defeated. Mr. OXLEY. Mr. Speaker, September 11, 2001 will be a date forever frozen in American history. We will never forget the sickening sight of the World Trade Center and the Pentagon being attacked by hijacked airplanes. We will not rest until the criminals who committed these terrible acts are made to pay. We will always remember the thousands of innocent people who were killed, and the heartbreak that weighs so heavily on their families and friends. But the terrorists did not win. Because while America mourns today, we know from our history that liberty and decency ultimately triumph over tyranny and hate. These fanatics struck with unimaginable might at two symbols of our strengths--the financial district that fuels our economy and the fortress of our national defense system--but the United States still stands. As the Chairman of the House Financial Services Committee, I watched solemnly as the World Trade Center, a towering icon of American and world finance, collapsed into clouds. But our capital markets will survive and thrive, continuing their critical role in our economy. I have been talking with federal regulators and financial industry leaders, including Federal Reserve Board Chairman Alan Greenspan, and plan to work with them to assure consumers, savers, and investors that our systems remain fundamentally sound. As a former FBI agent, I have long been concerned about terrorism. We need to recognize, as the National Commission on Terrorism did last year, that the threat is changing--from state-sponsored terrorism that targeted Americans overseas, to the shadowy acts of mass violence against civilians we experienced in its most evil force yesterday. Everyone agrees that this cannot happen again. But to be taken seriously, our vow must be backed up with adequate resources. Despite space-age technological surveillance, my experience is that there is no substitute for good ground-level intelligence. It's tougher to do, but our intelligence communities need the resources and support that will allow them to make the personal contacts that provide information you can't get anywhere else. One fear I have is that our law enforcement officials are falling behind in their ability to monitor terrorist communications in the wireless and Internet era. There was a newspaper article this year, and maybe we will find it prescient, on Osama bin Laden's use of encrypted messages. Our authorities will forever be a step behind the terrorists if they do not have the legal authority and technical ability to intercept such communications. Sadly, we also must make sure that our communities are adequately prepared to respond to terrorist acts. Think about the crushing demand being placed on hospitals and emergency teams in New York City and Washington. How would other communities with far fewer facilities and trained personnel respond if they were made targets? This Congress and President will do everything that must be done to respond to these disastrous incidents. We will move ahead to protect Americans in this suddenly-uncertain world. And we will continue to mourn the loss of a new breed of patriot--the innocent civilian. September 11, 2001 will indeed always be frozen in our memory as a horrible day for America. But this day, and the days that follow, are what we make of them, and history will judge us on our response. Mr. COYNE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to express my support for the victims of yesterday's terrorist attack, and to reiterate the United States' firm resolve not to give in to terrorism. I, like all Americans, am shocked and saddened by this horrible attack. I want to extend my sympathy to the families and friends of the victims. Even one death would have been tragic. A disaster of this size is simply beyond human comprehension. And yet each of the thousands of families directly affected by this attack needs our consolation and support. We ache with grief for their loss, and we will work to hold the individuals, groups, or states who participated in these despicable attacks accountable for their actions. In the wake of this attack, life in this country will inevitably change. In big ways and small, we will have to adapt to a threat that is ever-present and yet mostly invisible. Terrorist attacks are so brutally effective in part because they are usually unexpected, and because they are so difficult to guard against. Consequently they can create uncertainty, fear, and even panic out of proportion to the threat that they actually present. We must work to protect our people from terrorist attack. Accomplishing that goal will require the dedication of substantial additional resources to combating terrorism. We must also accept the probability that despite the best efforts of our intelligence and law enforcement personnel, some future acts of terrorism will succeed. But, perhaps the most important of all, we must firmly resolve to prevent the terrorists from winning. In particular, we must not let terrorists destroy the accomplishments of which our nation should be the most proud. While changes in security procedures are apparently required, we should not sacrifice Americans' remarkable freedom or our civil rights in the battle against terrorism. I also want to caution my fellow citizens against leaping to unjustified conclusions or taking inappropriate action against other citizens. In this regard, I want to remind the American people that our first thoughts after the Oklahoma City bombing were that foreign agents were responsible for the attack; we subsequently learned that that horrible attack was home-grown. And even if, as has been suggested, Osama bin Laden's organization is behind this attack, we should not attack or discriminate against Muslims or Arab-Americans. By no means are most or even many Muslims and Arab-Americans anti-American or pro- terrorist. They are, rather, law-abiding and patriotic citizens who deserve our respect and fellowship. They most definitely do not deserve to be vilified or attacked. As we consider what action we should take, we must carefully and objectively evaluate the threats we face and the means we might use to address them. It is essential that we not underestimate our enemies in this conflict. They are dedicated, ruthless, and--as yesterday's attacks proved--willing to sacrifice their own lives for a cause they believe in. That being said, there are a number of reasons for Americans to remain calm and confident. We must recognize that the number of active terrorists is small, and that their resources are limited. We must also remember that most people around the world are as appalled by these attacks as we are, and that they are just as interested as we are in stopping terrorism. We should also remember that most Americans are still remarkably safe; while certain symbolic targets may be attacked, the risk for most Americans of experiencing a terrorist attack is still significantly lower than the risk of experiencing commonplace mishaps like heart attacks or traffic accidents. Finally, we must remember that most terrorist attacks are thwarted before they can be carried out; I am certain that Congress will provide the necessary resources to increase security and expand our counter-terrorism operations. Consequently, I am confident that the American people will demonstrate the resolve--and the wisdom--necessary to win this fight. We can take comfort from the fact that we have dealt with bigger threats in the past. The threats posed by the Axis in World War II and by nuclear weapons during the Cold War were real and potentially much more devastating. The American people rose to those challenges, and they did so admirably. They will rise to this challenge as well. In closing, Mr. Speaker, let me reiterate my belief that our great nation will prevail in this difficult but unavoidable struggle. Mr. CHAMBLISS.1 Mr. Speaker, America is the most free, most open, most democratic nation in the world and yesterday we paid tremendous price for our freedom. Yesterday's vicious attack on the United States was a heinous and despicable act of murder targeting innocent American families. The devastation are unspeakable, the consequences are unimaginable. Every single American has been touched by tragedy like no other event in American history, and our national will has been seared by images of death and destruction. Our hearts and prayers are with the families of those whose lives have been lost. We have been hit at our hearts and we mourn our national loss. Today, we put politics aside and focus on our principles and our policy. We are not Republicans or Democrats, we are Americans, speaking with one united voice against this terror that has been perpetrated against us. I commend President Bush and the administration for their steady and unwavering leadership in this crisis and Gov. Pataki, Mayor [[Page 16851]] Giuliani, DC Mayor Anthony Williams, and Pennsylvania Governor Tom Ridge and all the people who have answered the call of duty to respond in New York, Washington, and Pennsylvania. America's first responders are our first line of defense and these professionals deserve our gratitude and praise for the work they are doing. However, today it is pointedly clear that we continue to live in a dangerous world with very real threats to our nation. There are still terrorists who seek to destroy our country, chemical, biological, and nuclear demons still hover, and enemies of freedom and democracy still persist. Terrorists are becoming more and more sophisticated and we have been warned that terrorists acts against us are inevitable. The United States has been tested. But our enemies should not be deceived. We are firmly resolved to find the perpetrators and punish those involved in any way in these despicable acts. Our determination is firm, our reach is long, and our nation is united. This assault on our families and our values and our Nation will not stand. It is important now that as we rebuild we also recognize the road ahead of us. Much work must be done to eliminate terrorist threats around the world and to protect our citizens at home and abroad. Mr. COLLINS. Mr. Speaker, yesterday our Nation was attacked, an act of war that when all is told will have claimed thousands of American lives. It was a day of disbelief, shock, and horror. I offer my most heartfelt condolences to the families and friends of the victims of this terrorist attack on our Nation and our people. Today is a day of anger. The United States will not tolerate a direct attack on its citizens. The full force and will of our government will be dedicated to punishing the terrorists who are responsible, as well as those who harbor and protect them. We know who the most likely individual is behind these acts, because he has acted before, killing Americans viciously and mercilessly. I strongly support our President in the effort to lead us in a swift, severe act of retribution that will leave no question that America will not allow her citizens to live under the threat of terrorism. Osama bin Laden is in the business of terrorism, backed by millions of dollars of personal wealth. We already know that he is responsible for a number of terrorists attacks that include the first attack on the World Trade Center in 1993 and the 1998 attack on the U.S. embassies in Kenya and Tanzania which killed over 200 people. He has publicly declared war on the United States and stated that ``America will face a black fate . . . strikes will continue from everwhere, and Islamic groups will appear one after the other to fight American interests.'' It is time for this threat to be eliminated. and if we find that someone else is responsible for yesterday's attack then we should eliminate that threat as well. The debate has already begun about the shortcomings of the American intelligence--whether we should have known and been able to stop these horrific events before they occurred. It is true that America has in many ways become complacent about our security on our own shores. We have come to rely heavily on the benefits of highly technical intelligence capabilities. While these components are important in keeping our people safe worldwide, it cannot replace the benefit of investing in human skill to infiltrate the ranks of would-be terrorists. Humans infiltrated our security yesterday, not high technology. We must refocus on that lost component of our intelligence and security efforts. After the attack on Pearl Harbor, a Japanese Admiral was heard to say I hope we have not awakened a sleeping giant. That sleeping giant has awakened again and it will rise quickly--Americans united behind our President--to punish those who would cripple or destroy our freedom and our people. Ms. KILPATRICK. Mr. Speaker, today, I express my shock and outrage at the attacks that took place yesterday. First and foremost I send out my prayers and condolences to the thousands of American families most directly affected by this tragic event and the millions of Americans who feel the devastation of such a profound strike at the heart of our Nation. While our pain is immense our actions will be resolute. We will not stand idly by while those who seek to destroy our democracy wreak havoc on our country and the rest of the world. I say to those who have perpetrated this attack: witness the American resolve evident in the immediate aftermath of these horrendous attacks as our Nation's citizens band together to help one another in time of need; witness the increased sense of American unity, tradition, pride and patriotism your actions invigorate in the American conscious; witness the undying sense of hope and determination evidenced by the American people. I say that your attack runs counter to your goals, whatever they may be. You have only increased our determination to spread the American spirit and our belief in freedom and justice to the far corners of the world. You have only strengthened our condemnation of undemocratic institutions, and you have resigned yourself to the retribution that your evil acts warrant. God bless America and God help the families and victims of yesterdays' attack. Mr. CULBERSON. Mr. Speaker, the House is meeting today to lend 110 percent support to our Commander-in-Chief, President George W. Bush. Every Member of Congress is completely unified in our support for President Bush to do whatever is necessary to rescue the wounded and attend to the victims and their families, and to identify those responsible for this atrocity, hunt them down, and bring them to justice. These attacks are an act of war against the people of the United States. We will eradicate these terrorists wherever they may be and punish anyone who harbored them, anyone who gave them a nickel, and anyone who gave them comfort and aid. Members of Congress are furious and outraged, but we will be thoughtful and deliberative in our response. Above all, we will support our Commander-in-Chief. As Congress and our President decide how America should respond, we must be sure to remember Benjamin Franklin's warning that those who ``give up essential liberty to obtain a little temporary safety deserve neither liberty nor safety.'' Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of our time. The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Simpson). All time for debate has expired. Pursuant to the order of the House of today, the previous question is ordered. The question is on the engrossment and third reading of the joint resolution. The joint resolution was ordered to be engrossed and read a third time, and was read the third time. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the passage of the joint resolution. The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced that the ayes appeared to have it. Mr. SMITH of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and nays. The yeas and nays were ordered. The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 408, nays 0, not voting 22, as follows: [Roll No. 338] YEAS--408 Abercrombie Ackerman Aderholt Akin Allen Andrews Armey Baca Bachus Baird Baker Baldacci Baldwin Ballenger Barcia Barr Barrett Bartlett Barton Bass Becerra Bentsen Bereuter Berkley Berman Berry Biggert Bilirakis Bishop Blagojevich Blumenauer Blunt Boehlert Boehner Bonilla Bonior Bono Borski Boswell Boucher Boyd Brady (PA) Brady (TX) Brown (FL) Brown (OH) Brown (SC) Bryant Burr Burton Buyer Callahan Calvert Camp Cannon Cantor Capito Capps Capuano Cardin Carson (IN) Carson (OK) Castle Chabot Chambliss Clay Clayton Clement Clyburn Coble Collins Combest Condit Cooksey Costello Cox Coyne Cramer Crane Crenshaw Cubin Culberson Cummings Cunningham Davis (CA) Davis (FL) Davis, Jo Ann Davis, Tom Deal DeFazio DeGette Delahunt DeLauro DeLay DeMint Deutsch Diaz-Balart Dingell Doggett Dooley Doolittle Doyle Dreier Duncan Dunn Edwards Ehlers Ehrlich Emerson Engel English Eshoo Etheridge Evans Everett Farr Fattah Ferguson Filner Flake Fletcher Foley Forbes Ford Frank Frelinghuysen Frost Gallegly Ganske Gekas Gephardt Gibbons Gilchrest Gillmor Gilman Gonzalez Goode Goodlatte Goss Graham Granger Graves Green (TX) Green (WI) Greenwood Grucci Gutierrez Gutknecht Hall (OH) Hall (TX) Hansen Harman Hart Hastings (FL) Hastings (WA) Hayes Hayworth Hefley Herger Hill Hilleary Hilliard Hinchey Hinojosa Hobson Hoeffel Hoekstra Holden Holt Honda Hooley Horn Hostettler Houghton Hoyer [[Page 16852]] Hulshof Hunter Hyde Inslee Isakson Israel Issa Istook Jackson (IL) Jackson-Lee (TX) Jefferson Jenkins John Johnson (CT) Johnson (IL) Johnson, E. B. Johnson, Sam Jones (NC) Jones (OH) Kanjorski Kaptur Keller Kennedy (MN) Kennedy (RI) Kerns Kildee Kind (WI) King (NY) Kingston Kirk Kleczka Knollenberg Kolbe Kucinich LaFalce LaHood Lampson Langevin Lantos Larsen (WA) Larson (CT) Latham LaTourette Leach Lee Levin Lewis (CA) Lewis (GA) Lewis (KY) Linder LoBiondo Lofgren Lowey Lucas (KY) Lucas (OK) Luther Maloney (CT) Manzullo Markey Mascara Matheson Matsui McCarthy (NY) McCollum McCrery McDermott McGovern McHugh McInnis McIntyre McKeon McKinney McNulty Meehan Meek (FL) Menendez Mica Millender-McDonald Miller (FL) Miller, Gary Miller, George Mink Mollohan Moore Moran (KS) Moran (VA) Morella Myrick Napolitano Neal Nethercutt Ney Northup Norwood Nussle Oberstar Obey Olver Ortiz Osborne Ose Otter Owens Oxley Pallone Pascrell Pastor Paul Pelosi Pence Peterson (MN) Peterson (PA) Petri Phelps Pickering Pitts Platts Pombo Pomeroy Portman Price (NC) Pryce (OH) Putnam Quinn Radanovich Rahall Ramstad Regula Rehberg Reyes Reynolds Riley Rivers Rodriguez Roemer Rogers (KY) Rogers (MI) Rohrabacher Ros-Lehtinen Ross Rothman Roukema Roybal-Allard Rush Ryan (WI) Ryun (KS) Sabo Sanchez Sanders Sandlin Sawyer Schaffer Schakowsky Schiff Schrock Scott Sensenbrenner Serrano Sessions Shadegg Shaw Shays Sherman Sherwood Shimkus Shows Shuster Simmons Simpson Skeen Skelton Slaughter Smith (MI) Smith (NJ) Smith (TX) Smith (WA) Snyder Solis Spratt Stark Stearns Stenholm Strickland Stump Stupak Sununu Sweeney Tancredo Tanner Tauscher Tauzin Taylor (MS) Taylor (NC) Terry Thomas Thompson (CA) Thompson (MS) Thornberry Thune Thurman Tiahrt Tiberi Tierney Toomey Towns Traficant Turner Udall (CO) Udall (NM) Upton Velazquez Visclosky Vitter Walden Walsh Wamp Waters Watkins (OK) Watson (CA) Watt (NC) Watts (OK) Waxman Weldon (FL) Weller Wexler Whitfield Wicker Wilson Wolf Woolsey Wu Wynn Young (AK) Young (FL) NOT VOTING--22 Conyers Crowley Davis (IL) Dicks Fossella Gordon Kelly Kilpatrick Largent Lipinski Maloney (NY) McCarthy (MO) Meeks (NY) Murtha Nadler Payne Rangel Royce Saxton Souder Weiner Weldon (PA) {time} 0107 So the joint resolution was passed. The result of the vote was announced as above recorded. A motion to reconsider was laid on the table. Stated for: Ms. McCARTHY of Missouri. Mr. Speaker, during rollcall vote No. 338, H. Con. Res. 61--Expressing the sense of the Congress regarding the terrorist attacks launched against the United States on September 11, 2001, I was unavoidably detained. Had I been present, I would have voted ``aye.'' The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Simpson). Pursuant to the order of the House of earlier today, S.J. Res. 22 is passed. Without objection, the motion to reconsider S.J. Res. 22 is laid on the table, and H.J. Res. 61 is laid on the table. There was no objection. ____________________