[Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 128 (Wednesday, August 5, 2026)]
[Senate]
[Pages S4453-S4464]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]



                       Nomination of Todd Blanche

  Mr. DURBIN. Mr. President, I am nearing the end of my Senate term, 
and I am reflecting on some historic events which I have witnessed at 
this table, at this desk. One of the most historic I remember--and 
specifically the date--January 6, 2021. The reason why that day was 
important was that the votes all across America had been counted to see 
who was elected President in the 2020 election, and the process 
involved certification by the House and the Senate of the electoral 
votes that were to be counted.
  In the past, it has been almost a pro forma event, hardly noticed by 
anyone. But on January 6, 2021, it was much different--much different. 
The Presiding Officer of the Senate for that electoral vote count is 
the Vice President of the United States; in this case, it was Vice 
President Pence.
  There was more security than usual in the Capitol Building. To those 
who are here today witnessing this session and visiting the Capitol, 
you are lucky. You are protected by one of the best security forces, 
police forces, in the Nation, the Capitol Hill Police. Most Americans 
don't know much about them. Those of us who serve in Congress know a 
lot about them. These are men and women who keep you safe and me safe 
in the Capitol Building and make sure that the visitors have peace of 
mind when they come and go.
  We want to maintain the availability of this building to visitors 
from certainly the United States, but from all around the world. And 
these men and women--some in uniform, some in ordinary dress--make sure 
that happens. Well, on January 6, 2021, there was a special emphasis on 
security. The reason: It was not only a historic event with Members of 
Congress in their chairs and the Vice President of the United States 
presiding over the Senate. There was also a rally going on downtown by 
the outgoing President of the United States, Donald Trump, at the end 
of his first term.

  He had summoned his supporters and friends to come for a rally down 
by the White House and the Washington Monument that day. No 
coincidence. It was an attempt to put pressure on Congress not to count 
the electoral votes.
  You see, the President then and now had this fiction in his mind that 
he actually won the election. He was only off by 7 million votes--that 
is how much he lost it by. But he kept filing lawsuits and making 
protests and arguing that he should be President again. At one point, 
he dispatched the thousands--thousands--of people that he had summoned 
to Washington to leave the Washington Monument area and to march on the 
Capitol, and they did.
  So we were sitting inside with the knowledge that these thousands of 
people were coming up to our building

[[Page S4454]]

here, the Capitol Building, where we did business on this historic day. 
We didn't quite know what they would do when they arrived. But if you 
witness the videotapes from that day, draw your own conclusions. They 
tried to storm the Capitol. They broke through locked doors, crashed 
through windows to come into the building.
  At approximately 10 minutes after 2 o'clock in the afternoon on 
January 6, 2021, I was seated at this desk. Vice President Pence was 
presiding, and I noticed something curious: Those doors opened and 
members of the Secret Service came in and grabbed--literately grabbed--
the Vice President to pull him out of that chair; took him out that 
door. And here we sat with no announcement, nothing, but we knew 
something was going on outside with this rally that had been directed 
up this way.
  In a few minutes, a representative of the Capitol Police spoke to us 
in the Chamber and said: Stay calm. Stay where you are. We are going to 
make the Senate Chamber a safe place for you to stay no matter what 
happens in the rest of the building. So some of us relaxed in our 
chairs and looked around and waited for the next development.
  The next development took about 10 minutes. Mr. President, 10 minutes 
later, the Capitol Police came and said: Disregard that earlier alert, 
leave in an orderly fashion, file through those doors, and follow us to 
a safe location.
  So we abandoned the Senate Chamber and the Capitol and left to go to 
a building nearby and wait out this ordeal, which was going on in the 
Senate.
  What happened you can witness yourself on videotape. It is all there. 
About 150 of our Capitol Police were assaulted by these demonstrators--
some seriously injured, others pushed to the brink psychologically, 
which led to their deaths a day or two later. It was a horrible scene. 
It wasn't until late in the afternoon that we were able to return to 
the Senate to complete our business with the electoral vote.
  What followed from that with the new President was an attempt to 
investigate what happened that day and who should be held responsible. 
There was nothing extraordinary about that. Anyone who did damage to 
this great building or the people in it obviously should be held 
accountable. And so the largest investigation in the history of the 
Department of Justice and the FBI started.
  At the end of the day, almost 1,500 individuals were charged with a 
crime, and they were convicted. Some of them paid a fine, some served 
brief periods of time, and others more serious offenses depending on 
what they did. That was the reality of what happened.
  Fast-forward four years, and what happened next? President Trump was 
reelected. And with the power under the Constitution to pardon those 
who committed crime, on his first day in office in his second term, 
President Trump gave a full and unconditional pardon to every one of 
the convicted demonstrators who stormed this building.
  If you remember the scenes afterwards, it wasn't just an orderly 
procession of people visiting this building. They crashed through 
doors. They broke windows. They did their darndest to cause as much 
damage as possible.
  C-SPAN, which televises what happened here, kept the cameras running, 
and we were able to see them scramble into the Senate Chamber, pose for 
pictures sitting in the chair of the Presiding Officer, and riffle 
through our desks. I watched as some person--I still don't know who it 
was--went through my desk to look and see if there were some things 
that he could take that day. I don't know whether he did or not.
  But that is the sort of thing that went on for 4 or 5 hours while an 
effort was made to mobilize police and state troopers and others to 
reclaim the Capitol Building from the demonstrators.
  The reason I bring up this event years later is because there is an 
important issue to be voted on this week by the U.S. Senate, and that 
is the choice of the next Attorney General of the United States.
  The Acting Attorney General is Todd Blanche, who was President 
Trump's personal lawyer when he was charged with crimes and who has 
been Deputy Attorney General for months now. He is seeking a full-time 
position.
  One of the items of controversy is pretty easy to explain. President 
Trump believes--and Todd Blanche believed at one point--that the people 
who attacked the Capitol, the people who breached the Capitol, who 
crashed through the doors, broke down the windows, threatened 
individuals inside, should receive financial compensation for doing it. 
Financial compensation.
  And you say to yourself: They got a full, unconditional pardon by 
President Trump. Now they want money too? And the answer is not only 
yes, but, unfortunately, they have done it with some pride.
  The Trump administration proposed an Anti-Weaponization Fund. And 
just to give it a cute little twist, they appropriated $1,776 billion 
for that purpose. Well, it didn't go over very well with Congress 
because as we read this decree by the Trump administration, people 
said: Wait a minute. We are giving money to people who were convicted 
of a crime of attacking the Capitol, disrupting the business of the 
Senate, injuring 149 Capitol policemen? We are going to give them not 
only a pardon, but some sort of financial compensation?
  That was the plan: The Anti-Weaponization Fund. And who was the 
person who executed that plan? Todd Blanche, the person who is seeking 
to become the next full-time Attorney General of the United States.
  The controversy involving that particular proposal is well-known. Not 
only was there a bad reaction among Democrats to this idea but many 
Republicans as well.
  Some of them kept their opposition behind closed doors. I understand. 
But others were very vocal about it. In fact, two members of the Senate 
Judiciary Committee said they want in writing, from Todd Blanche, a 
promise that he would never create this fund to reward cop beaters and 
demonstrators in the Capitol on January 6, 2021.
  It went forward in the Senate Judiciary Committee and the 
negotiations between two Republican Senators and Todd Blanche continued 
until the beginning of this week when it was announced they had reached 
an agreement. Sadly, that agreement--the so-called agreement not to 
create the Anti-Weaponization Fund--is written in a way it wouldn't 
pass law school Contracts 101.
  There is no signature on any of these pages of promises when it comes 
to future activity. They say: We are rescinding the previous order, but 
there is nothing to stop a new order from taking place. That is a 
gaping hole in the logic and the effectiveness of any of these 
documents.
  We should have clear indications from the parties to that lawsuit 
that both sides agree; that would include the President of the United 
States, who was a party to the lawsuit that led up to this. But they 
can't bring it together because the President doesn't believe that the 
Anti-Weaponization Fund should go away. He said publicly over and over 
again he believes in it, wants to do it, wants to give the 
demonstrators money. Todd Blanche thinks he has taken care of this 
problem, but he has not produced any documentation to make that point 
clear.
  Secondly, there was a provision in a lawsuit. Now, here is what the 
lawsuit is all about: The President sued the IRS and Treasury arguing 
that they disclosed his income tax returns without his permission.
  They arrested the man who actually did it--they caught him--and he 
was prosecuted, as he should be. He broke the law. He knew he was 
breaking the law when he disclosed the President's income tax returns.
  The President sued the IRS and Treasury for billions of dollars--
billions--because they disclosed his income tax return. I have 
completed quite a few years of public service. I disclose my income tax 
return every year without fail as a Member of Congress and the Senate. 
I am not posing for holy pictures; I am just trying to tell you it 
isn't that big a deal if you follow the law.
  Do you know what the settlement of the Trump lawsuit was for 
disclosing his income tax returns? Part of the settlement said--get 
this now, and Todd Blanche is the draftsman of this as well--part of it 
said neither the President, his family, or any of the companies in his 
Trump empire business can be held for violating any tax crimes in the 
United States.

[[Page S4455]]

  How would you like that? Get-out-of-jail-free card. And that was part 
of the agreement, and it should be contested.
  If we say no one in America is above the law, how in the world can 
you justify doing this for the Trump family and their businesses? And 
we know this President deals in big numbers when it comes to income.
  His first year in office--estimates--between $1.4 and $2 billion in 
the President's first year in office of his second term--$2 billion. 
How did he do it? Well, you won't be surprised to know that there are 
cryptocurrency fingerprints all over this deal.
  The President made hundreds of millions of dollars off of a meme coin 
or some contraption that comes out of the cryptocurrency world. That is 
the reality.
  And who was overseeing this operation? Todd Blanche, the man who 
wants to be the No. 1 law enforcement officer in the United States of 
America.
  Well, I will tell you, I am not going to go much longer because I see 
some of my colleagues are gathering, and they want to speak on this 
issue as well.
  This is a serious mistake for the Senate to approve Todd Blanche as 
the next Attorney General. If there was ever a moment in history when 
we need an Attorney General above reproach who is clearly dedicated to 
ending corruption, even at the highest level of our government, it is 
right now.
  The history of this era will be written, and it will be a shameful 
history for those who are empowering this man, Todd Blanche, to take 
his personal representation of this President to the highest possible 
level as he becomes the next Attorney General.
  I beg my colleagues on the other side of the aisle: I think I know 
how many of you feel privately, but I know you are afraid to cross this 
President. He has been guilty of retribution many times in the past, 
and he would be on this. But don't be in the history books on the wrong 
side when it comes to this issue. Come out against corruption; come out 
for the prosecution of corporate fraud; come out for changing the 
current situation in the United States to one that is more respectful 
of the law and more respectful of the families and voters who create 
this democracy.
  I urge my colleagues to join me in opposing the nomination of Todd 
Blanche as the next Attorney General of the United States.
  I yield the floor.
  The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Connecticut.
  Mr. BLUMENTHAL. Mr. President, I begin with a quote: ``I am his 
lawyer.''
  ``I am his lawyer'' is what Todd Blanche said in the course of his 
confirmation hearing for the Judiciary Committee of the U.S. 
Senate. "I'm his lawyer,'' meaning, I am Donald Trump's lawyer.

  Now, admittedly, he had no intention of saying it that way. He had no 
intention of allowing that revelation to slip, but it was a glaring 
illustration of his mindset. He was, he is now, and he will be Donald 
Trump's lawyer, his personal lawyer, as he was during the criminal and 
civil trials--a trusted, loyal consigliere.
  He is not an independent lawyer with a law firm; he is in-house. He 
is literally kept by the President on his personal leash.
  You may think I am overstating it, but, in fact, he demonstrated it 
throughout that hearing, and the through line was he will be guided by 
blind loyalty to the President and contempt for the law, enabling the 
President in continued corrupt crypto schemes, as well as condoning and 
empowering the President to establish a slush fund for January 6 
rioters, as well as tax immunity. Even though, purportedly, those 
agreements were limited, he will enable the President to circumvent the 
so-called agreements, which are a sham. They are a fraud on the U.S. 
Senate just as Todd Blanche committed a fraud on the Florida U.S. 
district court that referred him to the New York bar for investigation 
in connection with that wrongdoing.
  Maya Angelou famously said:

       When people show you who they are, believe them the first 
     time.

  And Todd Blanche has shown us repeatedly who he is, who his boss is, 
and whose loyalty he will hold uppermost.
  I was a U.S. attorney in Connecticut for 4\1/2\ years, part of the 
Department of Justice, which I revered--more than just respected; in 
fact, revered--because it epitomized what lawyers should be in 
upholding the highest standards of ethics and morality. Even when we 
made an error, we were supposed to state it--in effect, acknowledge it 
before the court.
  I will never forget the first time I appeared before a U.S. district 
court judge in Connecticut, a former Federal prosecutor himself. And he 
asked me: Whom do you work for?
  I said: The government.
  He said: No. You work for and you represent the United States of 
America.
  Think of it for a moment: walking into a courtroom representing the 
United States of America, sworn to uphold the Constitution--not any 
President, not a legislature, but the United States of America.
  That is not what Todd Blanche has done as a Justice Department 
official under Donald Trump. It is not what he will do, as he showed 
clearly. Nothing epitomizes it better than the answer he gave at one 
point when he referred to the attack on the Capitol that occurred on 
January 6, 2021--we all remember it; we went through it; we saw it--the 
attack on the Capitol which injured and contributed to deaths of our 
Capitol Police. He referred to it as ``events.'' He couldn't bring 
himself to refer to it as an attack, as it clearly was, because Donald 
Trump will not allow any of his nominees to refer to the January 6 riot 
and insurrection as an attack on the Capitol. It was an attack designed 
to prevent the lawful and peaceful transition of power, and to call it 
anything else is disrespectful to the brave Capitol Police who defended 
us that day and disqualifying for a judicial nominee and for any 
position of trust in the U.S. Government.
  Earlier today, I participated in a press conference with some of the 
prosecutors--the career prosecutors--who pursued convictions of those 
rioters for the serious violations of Federal law that they incurred. 
They made the point that the failure to acknowledge an attack on the 
Capitol or that President Biden won the 2020 election shows a lack of 
independence that should be disqualifying.
  They have submitted a letter to all of us here. And I ask unanimous 
consent that it be printed in the Record because they make the point 
that these statements by nominees for executive office or for 
judgeships, in effect, perpetuate the Big Lie.
  There being no objection, the material was ordered to be printed in 
the Record, as follows:

                                                   August 5, 2026.
       To the Members of the United States Senate: We are 
     attorneys who prosecuted cases related to the events of 
     January 6, 2021, when thousands of people violently stormed 
     the U.S. Capitol in an attempt to interrupt the House of 
     Representatives and the Senate's work to count and certify 
     the results of the 2020 presidential election.
       January 6 was a violent attack on American democracy. It 
     was also a vicious attack on the brave officers of the U.S. 
     Capitol Police and Washington Metropolitan Police Department, 
     more than 150 of whom were injured during the attack, and 
     five of whom died in its aftermath. Rioters, some of whom 
     were heavily armed, beat and injured police officers and 
     reporters, and threatened the lives of the elected officials 
     and staff members inside, while many rioters stole, damaged, 
     and destroyed property, obstructed a government proceeding, 
     and trespassed.
       As career public servants dedicated to public safety and 
     the rule of law, we charged more than 1,500 defendants in 
     connection with January 6, convicting more than 1,270 
     (including 1,009 guilty pleas) before our work was halted in 
     January 2025.
       Unfortunately, President Trump has worked to erase the 
     magnitude and meaning of January 6. On his first day of his 
     second term in office, Trump commuted the sentences of 14 and 
     granted a full, complete and unconditional pardon to all 
     other people convicted of offenses related to events that 
     occurred at or near the United States Capitol on January 6. 
     Further, since President Trump returned to office in January 
     of 2025, his judicial nominees, when asked, have been 
     unwilling to tell the truth about the tragic events of 
     January 6. None agreed that it was an insurrection, only one 
     could bring themselves to use the term attack, and not one of 
     the nearly 60 nominees could acknowledge the full trauma and 
     suffering that the attackers caused that day.
       This institutional denial of truth--especially by potential 
     federal judges--is dangerous, yet it's become all too clear 
     that President Trump expects his nominees to provide evasive 
     answers about both the attack of January 6th, 2021, and the 
     results of the 2020 presidential election.
       No senator, regardless of party, should vote to confirm a 
     judicial nominee who is

[[Page S4456]]

     unable to state the most simple facts about the attack of 
     January 6, 2021. Specifically, no judicial nominee should be 
     confirmed if he or she cannot identify that (1) January 6 was 
     an attack on our democracy, (2) the attack was led by 
     supporters of Donald Trump, and (3) Joe Biden was 
     legitimately elected in the 2020 election.
       For judges nominated for lifetime seats in the judiciary 
     branch, this refusal to contradict the President's lies is 
     particularly dangerous, and raises significant questions 
     about whether, once confirmed, a nominee could act 
     independently and free from political interference from the 
     president that nominated them. The truth matters.
           We thank you for your consideration.
       Brendan Ballou, Special Counsel, Antitrust Division (2016-
     17, 2020-25); Adam Dreher, Assistant United States Attorney, 
     U.S. Attorney's Office for the District of Columbia (2022-
     2025); Mona Lee M. Furst, Senior Litigation Counsel, United 
     States Attorney's Office for the District of Kansas (1998-
     2022); Alexis Loeb, Assistant United States Attorney, U.S. 
     Attorney's Office for the Northern District of California 
     (2013-2024); Jason M. Manning, Assistant U.S. Attorney, U.S. 
     Attorney's Office, District of Columbia (2017-2024); Sean P. 
     Murphy, Assistant U.S. Attorney, U.S. Attorney's Office for 
     the District of Puerto Rico (2018-2025); Zachary Phillips, 
     Assistant United States Attorney, U.S. Attorney's Office for 
     the District of Colorado (2008-2026); Karen Rochlin, 
     Assistant U.S. Attorney, U.S. Attorney's Office for the 
     Southern District of Florida, (1989-2025); Michael J. Romano, 
     Trial Attorney, Crimina Division, Public Integrity Section 
     (2019-2025); Jacob Steiner, Trial Attorney, Criminal 
     Division, Public Integrity Section (2020-2025); Andrew J. 
     Tessman, Assistant United States Attorney, U.S. Attorney's 
     Office for the Southern District of West Virginia (2019-
     2025); Samuel White, Assistant United States Attorney, U.S. 
     Attorney's Office for the District of Columbia (2020-2026).
  Mr. BLUMENTHAL. Election deniers have no place on the bench or in the 
Department of Justice. And, in fact, in response to my submitted 
question relating to the 2020 election, Todd Blanche refused to state 
that Joe Biden won the 2020 election, and he stood by his prior 
statements perpetuating the Big Lie.
  The through line here is whatever Donald Trump says, Todd Blanche 
does. He will do anything, say anything, conceal anything that serves 
Donald Trump's interests.
  Now, in some ways, the most tragic illustration of this through line 
is Todd Blanche's treatment of the Epstein survivors. Let's remember, 
he showed us again who he was when he revictimized those survivors by 
completely botching the release of the Epstein files. He failed to 
redact the survivors' personal information and defied the Epstein Files 
Transparency Act by redacting unnecessary information. Why? To shield 
Donald Trump.
  That was the purpose of the meeting in the Situation Room when the 
threat to release additional files was to Donald Trump because he was 
mentioned in those files. And the Situation Room meeting, which is 
recounted in ``Regime Change,'' a recent book by Jonathan Swan and 
Maggie Haberman, showed clearly the effort was not to do justice for 
the survivors but to protect Donald Trump.
  He refused to meet with the survivors. He spent 2 whole days with 
Ghislaine Maxwell. Why? Well, we don't really know because there was 
certainly no information useful to any investigation that emerged from 
it. What did happen was that she was transferred to a cushy prison camp 
and has remained silent.
  And when he finally agreed to meet with the survivors, they described 
it as demoralizing and degrading. In fact, they called it gaslighting.
  He protected Donald Trump at the expense of those survivors, and one 
of the most heinous sexual abuse and trafficking rings in American 
history has yet to produce the kinds of convictions necessary--the 
convictions in court, the prosecutions of the coconspirators and others 
complicit and legally responsible. That is not the conduct of an 
Attorney General; it is the conduct of Donald Trump's personal lawyer.

       I'm his lawyer.

  That is the through line. He certainly was acting as Donald Trump's 
lawyer when he issued two documents recently, supposedly ending the 
contract that was involved in the agreement on Donald Trump's 
purported, so-called lawsuit seeking damages from the revelation of his 
personal tax information.
  We know that two of our colleagues, Senators Cornyn and Tillis, said 
that they needed something in writing, but what they got in writing was 
virtually meaningless in showing that either the slush fund--the so-
called anti-weaponization fund--or the tax immunity was in any way 
materially changed. In fact, the document that purported to say that 
the slush fund was dead, in reality, is a sham. It is a fraud on the 
U.S. Senate, just as he allegedly committed a fraud on the court in 
Florida.
  The reason is quite simply that there was a contract here. The 
agreement produced that contract. The agreement was between Donald 
Trump and the United States. Donald Trump did not in any way forgo or 
renounce any rights under that contract. It is still binding. He could 
go into court tomorrow and force it to establish the $1.8 billion thug 
fund.
  And, likewise, the immunity agreement, which is unprecedented, worth 
hundreds of millions of dollars to Donald Trump, tax immunity from 
audits, in effect giving him a free pass for everything that occurred 
before this immunity, negotiated by Todd Blanche with only Todd 
Blanche's signature on it--the limiting of that immunity from tax 
audits to Donald Trump, his sons, his organization, worth hundreds of 
millions--unprecedented, unconscionable, and unacceptable from an 
Attorney General of the United States, dealing with potential tax 
violations of law, signing away tax liability no matter how serious it 
might be. It is unprecedented, and no one else but the President would 
even think of trying to get it in this way, under these circumstances. 
And he was able to get it only because Todd Blanche acted as his 
personal lawyer, not as Attorney General of the United States.
  Senator Cornyn himself put it well at the hearing about this contract 
for the slush fund:

       To be clear, the President of the United States, who was 
     the plaintiff in this lawsuit, has not agreed in writing to 
     delete the weaponization fund, and there's no guarantee that 
     he or one of the other plaintiffs might raise that issue by 
     way of a breach of contract lawsuit in the future.

  Todd Blanche answered in the affirmative. He well knows that the 
document that he prepared and released does nothing to change that 
contractual obligation.
  The conversation that Todd Blanche had recently, talking to 
individuals interested in reproductive rights, I think is extremely 
revealing and important. In a private call just last week, he said the 
quiet part out loud; that he would work to restrict abortion in every 
single State all across the country.
  He wants to block States enacting their own policies and laws. He 
wants to make abortion-access States follow the laws of abortion-ban 
States. In short, he wants to strip Americans of their right to choose 
and strip States of their right to govern. That is not the conduct or 
statement of an Attorney General of the United States carrying out and 
respecting the Constitution; it is fidelity to an ideologue--the 
President--who wants to impress his base, not represent the American 
people.
  Todd Blanche showed us who he was when he ducked and dodged my 
question about deep-sixing an investigation into possible pay-to-play 
commutation of a federally convicted felon, David Gentile. David 
Gentile reportedly paid $2.5 million to a broker to obtain clemency. 
That clemency robbed his victims of nearly $16 million in restitution. 
When a U.S. attorney tried to investigate--the Eastern District of New 
York, U.S. attorney--Mr. Blanche reportedly killed the probe. That is 
not the behavior of an Attorney General; that is Donald Trump's 
personal lawyer.
  So there is a powerful case against this nominee. I am under no 
illusion. We have seen this movie before. We saw it again when my two 
colleagues in effect caved--voted for his nomination yesterday. I am 
not here with rose-colored glasses. I know that Donald Trump will come 
down hard on any Republican colleague who has the temerity to say: We 
want a lawyer who represents the people, a lawyer who has fidelity to 
the Constitution and to the United States of America above the 
President, an Attorney General who will follow the law and insist that 
no one is above the law and no one is beneath it, an Attorney General 
who is true to the trust that we expect and to respect.
  Todd Blanche might be the President's lawyer, but we don't have to be

[[Page S4457]]

the President's Senate. I urge my colleagues to vote against this 
confirmation and remain true to what we should be in upholding the 
trust and the Constitution of the United States.
  I yield the floor.
  The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Maryland.
  Mr. VAN HOLLEN. Mr. President, I rise today to oppose the nomination 
of Todd Blanche to serve as Attorney General of the United States.
  The Attorney General is supposed to be the people's lawyer, someone 
whose loyalty is to the Constitution and to the rule of law, not to any 
one person--even the President of the United States. But in this 
administration, the Attorney General and the Department of Justice are 
focused solely on pleasing one person, one man, no matter the cost to 
our country.
  Lest anybody forget, huge banners like the one displayed here hang 
outside the Department of Justice, the front door, as pictured here, 
and the other entrance to the Department of Justice. Every single day, 
the folks who are supposed to uphold our Constitution and the rule of 
law walk beneath these banners, reminding them that in this 
administration, their loyalty is to Donald Trump, not to the people of 
the United States. One of the people who do that every day and who have 
demonstrated loyalty to the President over the Constitution is the 
person whose nomination is pending on this floor today to be the 
Attorney General.
  It is crystal clear from Mr. Blanche's record as Acting Attorney 
General and before that as Deputy Attorney General that he is still 
acting like Donald Trump's personal lawyer--a position he held before 
going to the Justice Department. His record has shown us very clearly 
that he will continue to put the President's personal interests above 
the interests of the American people; that when he walks through that 
door to the great Department of Justice that is supposed to serve 
justice for the American people, he looks up and he sees Donald Trump.
  He was formerly the personal lawyer to Donald Trump, and even now, at 
the Justice Department, he continues to demonstrate that he puts the 
President's interests above those in the Constitution and the rule of 
law.
  The Department of Justice has used taxpayer dollars to punish the 
President's adversaries, to reward his friends, and to pursue the 
President's personal vendettas.
  In a case that I am very familiar with, a Federal judge found that 
Mr. Blanche's statements about the Department's case against Kilmar 
Abrego Garcia showed clear evidence of a vindictive prosecution. In 
other words, the judge found that Todd Blanche and the Department of 
Justice brought a case against Kilmar Abrego Garcia in a Federal court 
because he had exercised his due process rights, to punish him for 
exercising his rights, so that judge threw out those charges.
  Under Mr. Blanche's leadership, Department lawyers have resigned 
rather than participate in blatant prosecutions, like the prosecutions 
of James Comey and others.
  Career, professional lawyers have resigned rather than participate in 
abuses of power, like the Department's criminal investigation against 
Renee Good's partner after the shooting in Minneapolis instead of 
holding accountable or pursuing accountability for those who killed 
Renee Good. Think about that. This Department of Justice launched an 
investigation into the partner of Renee Good, who was shot and killed 
by DHS agents, instead of investigating the shooting itself--again, to 
please the dear leader in the White House, not to uphold the rule of 
law.

  We also know that the Department of Justice has lost 10,000 employees 
since the beginning of fiscal year 2025 and nearly one quarter of its 
lawyers--lawyers who signed up to uphold the rule of law and the 
Constitution, not serve the dear leader acting through the dear 
leader's former personal attorney Todd Blanche. Now they are hiring 
prosecutors with no prior legal experience and asking many of them to 
sign a pledge supporting not the Constitution but the President of the 
United States.
  We have seen how Mr. Blanche has acted as the President's personal 
lawyer since he has been at the Justice Department. We know, of course, 
of the outrageous $1.8 billion slush fund that was created to make 
payments to the President's political allies. When I asked Mr. Blanche 
at a hearing if those who assaulted police officers here on Capitol 
Hill on January 6 would be eligible for those payouts, taxpayer-funded 
payouts, he wouldn't rule it out. He wouldn't rule that out.
  At the same time, he and the Department entered into a sweetheart 
settlement providing extraordinary tax liability protections to the 
President and his family and his businesses--essentially a get-out-of-
jail-free card for nonpayment of taxes due if that was what had been 
ultimately found.
  Now, after Republican Senators and only after Republican Senators 
threatened to block his nomination did Mr. Blanche issue an order 
supposedly rescinding the slush fund and narrowing the scope of those 
tax protections.
  By the way, even if you narrow the scope the way it is supposed to 
there, the President and his family get essentially a get-out-of-jail-
free card for past tax liabilities that may be due.
  So this deal is a sham. It is not worth the paper it is written on. 
It is not written into the law, and nothing prevents the Department 
from restarting the slush fund once Mr. Blanche is confirmed.
  That is not the only example of Mr. Blanche continuing to serve as 
the President's personal attorney while having the title of ``Acting 
Attorney General.'' We also see that in his handling of the Epstein 
files.
  During his time at the Justice Department, Mr. Blanche has withheld 
critical information regarding those files rather than seek justice for 
the brave survivors who have shared their stories of abuse by Jeffrey 
Epstein and his associates.
  When Mr. Blanche appeared before the Appropriations subcommittee 
overseeing the Department of Justice, Senator Murray and I both asked 
him that if we connected him with the Epstein survivors, would he meet 
with them and hear them out?
  His answer:

       Absolutely.

  He promised he would do so if we connected the survivors to him.
  Well, we followed up multiple times. Nearly 2 months later, he had 
not fulfilled the promise he made in that Senate committee hearing. He 
had still not met with the survivors.
  So Senator Murray and I wrote him a letter demanding that he fulfill 
the promise he made because that should be a bare minimum for someone 
seeking this post. And it is pretty clear he had zero intent on keeping 
the promise made in public at that committee hearing until Senator 
Tillis said that he would not vote to move his nomination out of the 
committee until Mr. Blanche met with the survivors.
  After that threat was made, the meeting happened, but it was clear 
from reports about the meeting by the survivors that Mr. Blanche did 
not do so out of respect for them and out of a genuine interest to hear 
what they had to say but simply to preserve chances of his 
confirmation, because according to the survivors, it was nothing more 
than a check-the-box exercise. In fact, they said Mr. Blanche was 
condescending, that he was rude, and that he was dismissive. They were 
interrupted and told to ``get to the point.''
  Well, someone who can tell the survivors of Jeffrey Epstein's 
horrific crimes to ``get to the point'' is not a person we want 
defending the American people because a nominee for Attorney General 
should demonstrate that their loyalty will be to the Constitution and 
the rule of law and getting justice for everybody in America, including 
the survivors of Jeffrey Epstein's crimes, not to the President of the 
United States.
  So I hope we will recognize that if we look at the conduct and 
actions and record of the Acting Attorney General, we will recognize 
that he is not suited for this position because his record shows he has 
not been upholding the rule of law and the Constitution. Instead, he 
has been doing the business of this one man.
  This photo was taken today--taken today. These big banners of Donald 
Trump have been hanging outside the Department of Justice for a long 
time, and they send an unmistakable message to people who work inside 
that they better serve the interests of this

[[Page S4458]]

one person. If, instead, there is a conflict between the interests of 
the people of the United States and this person, this tells them: Serve 
the interests of the President of the United States.
  That is not the job of the Department of Justice, and it is not the 
job of the Attorney General.
  I urge my colleagues to oppose the nomination of Todd Blanche to be 
Attorney General of the United States.
  I yield the floor.
  The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Vermont.
  Mr. WELCH. Mr. President, I listened to the presentation by my 
colleague from Maryland and agree with everything he said.
  And the heart of the question is whether the person who has been 
nominated to serve as Attorney General will serve the people of the 
United States or will he serve the President to whom he has indicated 
blind, complete, servile loyalty?
  And the recitation of facts about what Mr. Blanche has done in this 
incredibly important job as Acting Attorney General has made clear what 
his client is, who that client is.
  There is no place at the top of the Justice Department for a person 
who pledges personal loyalty to anyone other than the American people. 
But, you know, the reality here is, the President won't appoint anybody 
to the Attorney General's position who won't act as his personal 
attorney.
  And there is a sadness that I have about this whole story that is 
before us. It is the story of a person who when he was a young man, a 
young attorney, Todd Blanche was extraordinarily talented, was very 
idealistic, was a prosecutor's prosecutor, and who did abide by and 
uphold the rule of law.
  He became a new person in service of a President that I believe is 
corrupt. Two billion dollars of income to the President of the United 
States in his first year raises more than a mild question.
  And this person now to be Attorney General, in his Acting Attorney 
General role, essentially provided tax immunity to the President and to 
all of his children, family, and affiliates. It is totally outrageous. 
When you say it, you can't even believe the words are coming out of 
your mouth. It is absolutely unprecedented.
  It has nothing to do with the way public business should be 
conducted. But Mr. Blanche, who has considerable talents, has used 
those talents to enable and to facilitate and to cover up and to revise 
and accommodate the corrupt goals of a President who, I believe, is 
corrupt.
  And, by the way, as I mentioned earlier, that is whom the President 
wants. He wants someone who is going to do his work for him 
unquestioned, no matter what. But, you know, there is another question 
that belongs right here in the U.S. Senate. Is there no line that the 
U.S. Senate will not allow this President to cross?
  The Senate confirmed Bondi; it confirmed Hegseth; it confirmed Patel; 
it confirmed Noem; and we are about to confirm Blanche. The President 
is abusing his authority, in my view, in every day and in every way. 
And that is shame on him, but the U.S. Senate is failing to use its 
authority, its power on any day or in any way. Shame on the U.S. 
Senate.
  Should not the U.S. Senate use its advice and consent authority to 
demand competence and integrity? Did the Senate do that with Bondi, 
with Noem, with Hegseth, with Patel, and now with Blanche? Should not 
the U.S. Senate use its taxing authority to stop tariffs that the vast 
majority of this body believes is hurting the American people and is 
not the right of the Executive to impose?
  Should not the U.S. Senate use its constitutional power of the purse 
to stop the invasion by President Trump into the power of the purse? 
And should not the U.S. Senate use its constitutional authority over 
the awesome power to declare war and stop this illegal war in Iran 
that, in fact, President Trump is losing?
  The President is abusing his authority. We are failing to use ours. 
We can stop capitulating today by rejecting this nomination.
  I yield the floor.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Rhode Island.
  Mr. WHITEHOUSE. Mr. President, I am here today to join the chorus of 
opposition to Todd Blanche's nomination as Attorney General of the 
United States.
  Things that Republicans have purported to care about are disastrous 
with this guy. Pam Bondi put the blame directly on Todd Blanche for the 
Department of Justice's foulup with the Epstein files.
  That foulup was pretty deadly serious for the women who were victims, 
who had managed to keep that fact private until Todd Blanche and the 
DOJ fouled that up and put out their names, put out their addresses, 
put out their photographs, and in some cases put out photographs with 
very little clothing on--complete disruption of the lives of the 
victims of Epstein's depravity, complete incompetence from a document-
production point of view.
  And on the other side, this guy actually participated in the Epstein 
coverup. Remember that there was a witness who spoke to FBI agents 
about having been assaulted by Donald Trump when she was about 14 years 
old, physically assaulted and sexually assaulted.
  She spoke to the FBI at least four times. Those four times were 
recorded in FBI 302s. A 302 is the FBI name for the witness statement 
that the agents write up after an interview.
  So four times this woman has been interviewed about what had happened 
to her as a girl. Three of those 302s specifically mentioned Donald 
Trump. In the disclosure that Todd Blanche made under the Epstein files 
law, the only one of the four that got disclosed was the one that 
didn't mention Donald Trump.
  That ought to be disqualifying right there. Luckily, some very sharp 
investigators realized through, like, gaps in Bates stamp numbers that 
documents were missing and that the three 302s had not been disclosed. 
And so Blanche was forced to cough those up.
  But behind a 302 come the agent notes. And there are still 37 pages 
of documents relating to that that are still suppressed, that are still 
covered up, that look to be the agents' notes, which should have been 
disclosed. So the coverup continued with respect to allegations against 
Donald Trump. Where else did the coverup continue?
  Well, the Treasury Department sent to the Department of Justice what 
are called suspicious activity reports. A suspicious activity report is 
what you get when international banking transactions look like 
something funny is afoot, look like there is, for instance, money 
laundering going on. In this case, it was money laundering and human-
trafficking concerns that provoked the suspicious activity reports.
  You don't have to be a genius investigator to look at a suspicious 
activity report and deduce it might have something to do with some 
suspicious activity. It is the title of the report, for Pete's sake.
  Billions of dollars of transactions were behind those suspicious 
activity reports. How many were investigated by the Blanche Department 
of Justice? Zero. Turned a complete blind eye to that whole aspect of 
the Epstein files, even though the suspicious activity reports were 
right in front of them.
  And then he goes running down to Tallahassee to interview Epstein's 
comrade-in-crime Ghislaine Maxwell. Did he use that interview to 
develop any new information, to go after people who were culpable in 
the Epstein files? No.
  He used that interview to extract exculpatory comments from her about 
Donald Trump. Oh, that he was a perfect gentleman. And the next thing 
you know, she is rewarded with a transfer to a Club Fed-type prison.
  What is the excuse for that? Oh, she was at risk. We felt she was in 
danger. Well, look, I have been around law enforcement for a long time, 
and this is the first time I have ever seen a prisoner allegedly in 
danger be transferred to a less secure setting to solve the problem of 
danger. Right? You move the prisoner to a more secure setting, not a 
less secure setting. It makes no sense. So in the Epstein files, Todd 
Blanche's fingerprints are all over the screwup and the coverup. Then 
we move on to the slush fund and the Trump family tax fraud amnesty, 
which was cooked up in a deal surrounding a Federal court proceeding, 
which was such a mess that the judge in that Federal court proceeding 
has gone back to look at what the heck happened.

[[Page S4459]]

  She was looking at whether something happened called fraud upon the 
court. You probably haven't heard of fraud upon the court. It is 
unusually rare. It is a thermonuclear ethics accusation. We have 
looked. In the history of the Department of Justice, fraud on the court 
has not even been alleged against any senior DOJ official--ever. Ever.
  And here you have a court that opened a proceeding, an inquiry, into 
whether or not there was fraud on the court, and that is still pending.
  There is still every reason to believe that Blanche may be found 
culpable for putting a fraud on the court together to cook up the slush 
fund tax amnesty scheme. That is pretty unheard of.
  Unfortunately, it is not uncommon in this Blanche Department of 
Justice. There is a cascade of criticism from Federal courts about 
misconduct by this Department of Justice--misconduct that is 
unprecedented.
  I will tell you that I was the U.S. attorney for the District of 
Rhode Island. If judges had used words like this about my attorneys' 
conduct in their courtrooms, there would have been consequences. At a 
minimum, there would have been staff meetings. There could have been 
referrals to the Office of Professional Responsibility. There could 
have been apologies required to the court. There could have been a 
reboot, internal office discipline of what is going on with this case. 
But when a judge says that the government's argument is disingenuous, 
when the judge says that the government's argument is a pretext for 
something else, when the judge says that the government has engaged in 
bad faith, each one of those is a four-alarm fire word.
  In medicine, there are things that they call never events, things 
that should never happen in a hospital that you protect against, these 
are never event words coming from Federal judges. And yet they are 
commonplace in the corrupted Department of Justice run by Todd Blanche.
  As to his complicity in the Epstein files coverup, I ask unanimous 
consent that a letter from Epstein survivors to Senators Tillis and 
Cornyn be printed in the Record at the end of my remarks.
  With respect to the destruction of the Department of Justice that he 
has wrought, I would also ask that we add George Will's column called 
``Against Todd Blanche.''
  I ask unanimous consent that the article entitled ``Against Todd 
Blanche'' be printed in the Record.
  There being no objection, the material was ordered to be printed in 
the Record, as follows:

               [From the Washington Post, July 24, 2026]

                          Against Todd Blanche

                          (By George F. Will)

       What benefit of norms is owed to someone who disdains 
     norms? There are many sufficient reasons to oppose confirming 
     Todd Blanche as attorney general. Presidents generally are 
     owed some deference in selecting Cabinet members, but 
     ``some'' implies limits, lest the Senate's advice-and-consent 
     duty be drained of responsibility. And not all presidents are 
     equally owed. Today's president is owed little, given his 
     contempt for the unwritten rules of civility that can 
     lubricate a congenial society's governance.
       Eight days after the 2024 election, Donald Trump set the 
     tone of his second term by announcing his beau ideal of an 
     attorney general: Rep. Matt Gaetz. This insult lasted eight 
     days, until Gaetz withdrew as nominee. He had resigned from 
     the House earlier, reportedly to prevent release of the House 
     Ethics Committee's report on his alleged drug use and sexual 
     misconduct, which a woman said included sex with her twice 
     when she was 17.
       Trump settled for Pam Bondi as attorney general, with 
     Blanche as her deputy. While Blanche was the Justice 
     Department's second-in-command, the U.S. attorney for the 
     District of Columbia, a Justice appendage, sought criminal 
     indictments of six congressional Democrats, all with military 
     or intelligence backgrounds. They had made a video.
       Made while Trump's administration was killing people on 
     boats (in international waters) suspected of carrying drugs, 
     the video said what the Uniform Code of Military Justice 
     says: Do not obey illegal orders. A grand jury did something 
     vanishingly rare in criminal cases. It refused to indict the 
     six.
       Blanche was acting attorney general when the Justice 
     Department took seriously Seashellgate. His department 
     secured a second indictment of former FBI director James B. 
     Comey, this time for posting a photograph of shells arranged 
     on a beach to read ``86 47''; ``86'' is slang for ``remove.'' 
     Trump is the 47th-president. Blanche's DOJ pretended to 
     regard Comey's infantile gesture as a prosecutable threat.
       Republican senators now have demanded Blanche's assurances 
     that the proposed $1.776 billion slush fund, for compensating 
     persons Trump designates as victims of Biden administration 
     persecution, is dead. But this grift was incubated in 
     Blanche's DOJ.
       Blanche, who serves at the pleasure of the president, 
     signed a memo pledging that the IRS is ``Forever Barred'' 
     from ``examinations'' of Trump, certain members of his 
     family, the Trump Organization and ``related or affiliated 
     individuals.'' This ``negotiated''--try not to snicker--
     settlement between the president and the executive branch he 
     heads exemplifies the administration's sludge of self-
     dealing.
       Trump sicced Blanche's compliant Justice Department on 
     Federal Reserve Chair Jerome H. Powell, ostensibly about 
     fictitious criminality in construction spending, actually to 
     pressure Powell to resign. With Blanche as deputy, then 
     acting, attorney general, the Justice Department (per the 
     Economist) gave courts inaccurate information ``nearly 100 
     times in Mr Trump's first 14 months.''


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       In April, Blanche became acting attorney general when Trump 
     fired Bondi. ``Nobody has any idea why,'' said Blanche. 
     Plausible reports said Trump considered Bondi insufficiently 
     aggressive about prosecuting his enemies. Blanche has said, 
     cloudily, that ``some'' Justice Department prosecutions 
     ``involve men, women, and entities'' that Trump ``has had 
     issues with. . . . That is his right, and indeed it is his 
     duty to do that, meaning, to lead this country.''
       Blanche said it is ``completely false'' that the president 
     targets political enemies. Trump merely ``wants justice.'' 
     Blanche said he was not ``celebrating'' Trump's pardons of 
     almost all the approximately 1,500 Jan. 6 rioters when, to a 
     gathering of Trump supporters, he praised the ``generous'' 
     pardons as one of the administration's accomplishments.
       If at most four Republican senators had, in committee or 
     floor votes, behaved as independently as the Founders thought 
     senators would, Bondi, Kristi Noem, Tulsi Gabbard, Pete 
     Hegseth, Robert F. Kennedy Jr. and others would not have been 
     confirmed to offices far above their competences. Children 
     probably have died of measles, and of hepatitis B passed from 
     mothers to infants, because of vaccine hesitancy promoted by 
     Kennedy, who lied when he promised not to indulge in such 
     quackery if confirmed as secretary of Health and Human 
     Services.
       Now comes Blanche. He received this embarrassingly 
     backhanded endorsement (in the Wall Street Journal) from 
     former attorney general William Barr: Blanche ``will run the 
     department as effectively as anyone could under President 
     Trump.'' Is this sufficient reassurance for Republican 
     senators? Or will, at last, a nominee trigger their gag 
     reflexes?
       Once, when someone noted that Sen. Richard Russell, the 
     Georgia Democrat, had ``served under'' six presidents, 
     Russell bristled, saying he ``served with'' six. It will be a 
     pleasant surprise if, concerning Blanche, a few Republican 
     senators become similarly sensitive about those prepositions.
  Mr. WHITEHOUSE. And with respect to this litany of criticism of the 
honesty of the Blanche Department of Justice, I would like to add a 
ProPublica article entitled ``Federal Judges Chastise Trump's Justice 
Department for `Unlawful,' `Unethical' and `Unseemly' Conduct,'' whose 
first sentence begins:

       Across the country, federal judges are calling out 
     Department of Justice lawyers, questioning in unprecedented 
     ways whether they can be trusted to tell the truth or uphold 
     centuries-old legal norms.

  I ask unanimous consent that the article entitled ``Federal Judges 
Chastise Trump's Justice Department for `Unlawful,' `Unethical' and 
`Unseemly' Conduct'' be printed in the Record.
  There being no objection, the material was ordered to be printed in 
the Record, as follows:

 Federal Judges Chastise Trump's Justice Department for ``Unlawful,'' 
                 ``Unethical'' and ``Unseemly'' Conduct

      (By J. David McSwane, Pratheek Rebala, and Carla Astudillo)

       Across the country, federal judges are calling out 
     Department of Justice lawyers, questioning in unprecedented 
     ways whether they can be trusted to tell the truth or uphold 
     centuries-old legal norms.
       From Washington, D.C., to Rhode Island to Oregon, federal 
     judges nominated by presidents from both parties, including 
     Donald Trump, have zeroed in on what's called ``the 
     presumption of regularity.'' It essentially means that judges 
     must presume that the government--whether it be federal 
     prosecutors, an IRS auditor or an FBI agent--did their jobs 
     according to the rules and in good faith.
       Until Trump's second term, which has seen an exodus of 
     veteran DOJ lawyers and a transformative shift in priorities 
     from issues like enforcing civil rights to instead defending 
     a mass deportation agenda, this foundational tenet had rarely 
     been discussed in federal courtrooms, former judges, lawyers 
     and scholars say. But as Trump's DOJ exhibits behavior that 
     judges have called ``unlawful,'' ``unethical,'' ``unseemly'' 
     or otherwise dishonest, adherence to that bedrock standard is 
     now being questioned.

[[Page S4460]]

       ProPublica reviewed hundreds of cases since Trump retook 
     the White House in which judges criticized the actions of DOJ 
     lawyers and found more than 40 in which they explicitly 
     referenced the presumption of regularity. In many cases, 
     judges have expressed frustration that they can no longer 
     take the government at its word.
       ``Judges simply don't believe the representations that are 
     being made by United States attorneys, assistant United 
     States attorneys and the like,'' said John E. Jones, a former 
     federal judge for the District of Pennsylvania, appointed by 
     President George W. Bush.
       ``I don't think in the annals of the Department of Justice, 
     in the history of jurisprudence in the United States, we've 
     ever seen anything close to this.''
       In Rhode Island in May, Trump-appointed federal Judge Mary 
     McElroy rebuked federal prosecutors' conduct--saying they 
     withheld information and misrepresented facts--as she quashed 
     their requests for a subpoena in their investigation into a 
     hospital's care of transgender children. The judge alleged 
     the DOJ had inappropriately claimed its investigation was 
     operating out of Texas to secure subpoenas targeting 
     sensitive medical records of patients in another state and 
     that it falsely claimed the Rhode Island hospital hadn't 
     communicated with the department.
       ``The discrepancy between the honorable conduct expected of 
     federal prosecutors and DOJ's tactics in this case is 
     unsettling,'' McElroy wrote. ``The Court cannot help but 
     share the sentiment that `[t]he presumption of regularity 
     that has previously been extended to [DOJ] that it could be 
     taken at its word--with little doubt about its intentions and 
     stated purposes--no longer holds.' ''
       Judges have emitted a chorus of condemnations against the 
     legal basis for some of Trump's political agenda, including 
     the mass firings of federal workers, an immigration dragnet 
     that has imprisoned hundreds of U.S. citizens and retribution 
     campaigns against the president's political enemies.
       In doing so, federal judges are imbuing forceful language 
     into their orders in a way that scholars say signals to the 
     Trump administration that the third branch of government is 
     losing trust in the Justice Department.
       Federal judges rarely grant interviews, and none of the 
     judges who criticized the Justice Department in their orders 
     granted interviews to ProPublica.
       In a statement, a spokesperson for the DOJ said its 
     attorneys are ``dedicated public servants who represent the 
     United States with integrity, in accordance with their 
     ethical obligations and the law.''
       ``The Department stands firmly behind the professionalism 
     and good faith of its attorneys,'' said spokesperson Kiersten 
     Pels. The White House did not respond to a request for 
     comment.
       Federal judges have found that the government filed 
     statements generated by artificial intelligence that 
     referenced nonexistent case law, wrote briefs that ignored 
     facts and filed declarations with inaccurate dates, the 
     ProPublica review shows.
       In one case, the government included documentation claiming 
     a detainee had been convicted of marijuana possession in 
     2009. That detainee, the judge noted, citing what she called 
     the government's persistent ``sloppiness,'' would have been 4 
     years old.
       ``This Court will no longer blindly accept statements of 
     fact from [the U.S. government] unless they are made under 
     oath by an individual with personal knowledge,'' Judge 
     Christine O'Hearn, a President Joe Biden appointee, wrote in 
     New Jersey while reviewing a writ of habeas corpus petition 
     filed by a man who claimed he was unlawfully imprisoned by 
     immigration officers. O'Hearn accused the government of 
     defying her orders when, instead of releasing the man, 
     Immigration and Customs Enforcement transferred him to a 
     different facility in New York.
       In Minnesota, the state's top political leaders had 
     publicly clashed with the administration following the 
     violent ICE raids that led to the deaths of two U.S. 
     citizens. Then the administration filed a flurry of subpoenas 
     against them.
       Last month, Judge Patrick J. Schiltz, who was appointed by 
     George W. Bush and clerked for Supreme Court Justice Antonin 
     Scalia, slammed the government's actions and ``spurious 
     claims,'' saying the presumption of regularity was being 
     abused.
       ``Initiating a criminal investigation in order to harass 
     political opponents or to coerce them into taking official 
     action--particularly official action that the federal 
     government cannot directly require those political opponents 
     to take--is a blatantly unlawful and unethical use [of] the 
     grand-jury process,'' the judge wrote.


                     ``Breakdown'' of a Presumption

       The presumption of regularity creates a high bar for those 
     suing the government or defending themselves against it in 
     criminal cases. They often must provide evidence that the 
     government willfully violated a policy or otherwise deviated 
     from its charge--that is, did something irregular--to 
     overcome the standard.
       It's a shield the government wields often, with little 
     notice, and one that is almost always successful. But 
     overcoming that presumption has become increasingly common 
     under Trump's second term, according to court watchers.
       About half of the cases ProPublica identified as 
     questioning the presumption come from districts, including 
     D.C., Maryland and Virginia, where by proximity and 
     jurisdiction many of Trump's actions are challenged and often 
     heard by Democratic-nominated judges. The Southern District 
     of New York, which has issued repeated rebukes of Trump 
     administration actions, and the Northern District of 
     California, another Democratic stronghold, are other hotbeds 
     of judicial scrutiny.
       Last September, D.C. District Magistrate Judge Zia M. 
     Faruqui accused the administration of working around the 
     federal grand jury process, getting an indictment from a 
     state court after prosecutors had failed to get one in his 
     court, which he called ``unseemly,'' if not ``unlawful.'' He 
     fired off one of the earliest signs that the presumption 
     itself could come into question.
       ``This only deepens the growing mistrust of the actions of 
     prosecutors,'' the judge wrote. ``That is a sentiment that 
     was once unthinkable, but the irregular is now the regular.'' 
     While the case was largely managed by assistant U.S. attorney 
     Caelainn Carney, according to court transcripts, Faruqui was 
     aiming his frustration at her bosses, including senior 
     prosecutor Jonathan R. Hornok, and the leadership at DOJ. 
     Neither attorney responded to requests for comment.
       Pels, the DOJ spokesperson, told ProPublica that Faruqui 
     ``was wrong on the law'' and noted that after the government 
     appealed to the district's chief judge, his order was 
     overruled. ``Judge Faruqui has a long-standing documented 
     pattern of editorializing from the bench beyond the scope of 
     the cases before him,'' Pels added.
       But in recent months, skepticism about the presumption has 
     also come from judges appointed by Republicans, such as 
     McElroy, or in GOP strongholds.
       In Indiana, Trump-appointed federal Judge James Patrick 
     Hanlon ordered the release of Salah Sarsour, president of the 
     Islamic Society of Milwaukee and a lawful U.S. resident, from 
     ICE custody in March. Sarsour's lawyers argued the government 
     had targeted him to suppress his First Amendment right to 
     free speech. The DOJ invoked the presumption of regularity 
     and argued his arrest was part of an anti-terrorism dragnet, 
     which the judge threw out.
       In the Southern District of Ohio, Judge Michael R. Barrett, 
     appointed by George W. Bush, ordered ICE to release a 
     detainee after concluding the presumption had been overcome 
     because the government hadn't presented a reasonable argument 
     that the man was a flight risk.
       News outlets, including CNN, have documented federal 
     judges' ire with Trump's DOJ, and some of the cases under 
     question have been well-publicized, such as the government's 
     illegal deportation of Maryland resident Kilmar Abrego Garcia 
     to El Salvador. In that case, Judge Paula Xinis, a President 
     Barack Obama appointee, criticized the government, saying, 
     ``You have taken the presumption of regularity, and you've 
     destroyed it.''
       Many of the rulings challenged one of Trump's hallmark 
     efforts: immigration enforcement and deportations.
       ``The presumption of regularity and integrity previously 
     and routinely afforded to the Executive branch and the United 
     States Attorney's Office has been undeniably eroded in this 
     jurisdiction and across the country,'' O'Hearn wrote in 
     February, noting that the federal government had repeatedly 
     violated court orders in her district and others related to 
     immigration operations.
       In another immigration detention case, this one in 
     Washington state, Biden-appointed Judge Lauren King sail, 
     ``[t]he `presumption of regularity' is dislodged here by the 
     numerous factual errors in Respondents' filings and by their 
     conflicting representations.''
       Jeremy Fogel, executive director of the Berkeley Judicial 
     Institute and a former federal judge from California, said 
     what's happening in the courts feels more like a ``political 
     conflict'' than the normal ebb and flow of the justice 
     system.
       ``It's really one branch that is really sort of questioning 
     the legitimacy of the other one,'' Fogel said. ``I think the 
     judges are trying to stand up for the legitimacy of their 
     branch''
       Just Security, an online law and policy journal, has been 
     tracking cases in which federal judges have admonished 
     Trump's prosecutors, including those involving the 
     presumption.
       ``We're witnessing a breakdown in the ways in which any 
     administration ordinarily carries out its responsibilities, 
     through the Justice Department in particular,'' said Ryan 
     Goodman, Just Security's co-editor-in-chief.


                   Erosion of Trust, Ethics Inquiries

       The erosion of trust from the federal bench comes as Trump 
     has profoundly shifted priorities at the DOJ to align with 
     his political platform: ending civil rights and diversity 
     programs, deporting immigrants and stripping away 
     environmental protections.
       Those who deal with DOJ lawyers have noticed the difference 
     in court.
       Mitch Bernard, chief counsel at the nonprofit Natural 
     Resources Defense Council, has faced off on environmental 
     issues with the DOJ many times. Although they may disagree, 
     he said, he always expected his opponents to be ``fair and 
     above board.''
       That dynamic is gone, he said.
       ``I would call it a transformation of the role of the 
     Justice Department,'' he said. ``There are many different 
     judges in different

[[Page S4461]]

     jurisdictions not only ruling against the government but 
     calling the government out for dishonesty and dissembling, 
     and that's an extraordinary thing.''
       The result, Bernard said, is that ``the government will 
     lose more cases as a result of the way the Justice Department 
     is behaving.''
       Meanwhile, groups such as his are benefitting from the 
     government brain drain. ``We hired 10 litigating attorneys 
     last year,'' he said. Of those, eight came from the DOJ.
       Judges aren't just losing faith in the DOJ. Some are 
     pushing to sanction Justice Department lawyers.
       This month, Miami federal Judge Kathleen M. Williams ruled 
     that Trump's lawsuit against the IRS was an improper exercise 
     in self-enrichment, citing the president's lawyers for a 
     series of misstatements in the case.
       The Obama appointee referred the lawyer who brought the 
     president's case against the IRS, Alejandro Brito, to the 
     Florida Bar for potential disciplinary proceedings. She also 
     forwarded her ruling to disciplinary officials in New York, 
     who had earlier received an ethics complaint about acting 
     Attorney General Todd Blanche.
       A DOJ spokesperson called the Blanche case ``nothing more 
     than a politically motivated bar complaint, filed by partisan 
     activists who disagree with this Administration's policies.'' 
     Brito did not respond to a request for comment.
       In Rhode Island, McElroy referred DOJ lawyers to a review 
     board for possible discipline for their handling of the 
     hospital investigation.
       ``As citizens, we trust that federal prosecutors, when 
     wielding this awesome power against a state, a company, or 
     certainly against vulnerable children, will play fair and be 
     honest with its counterparts and the judiciary,'' McElroy 
     wrote. ``DOJ has proven unworthy of this trust at every point 
     in this case.''
  Mr. WHITEHOUSE. And then this isn't just a problem in American legal 
communities. There is a global magazine called The Economist magazine, 
which, by the way, does not run liberal. It is a fairly conservative 
publication.
  The cover story in the July 18 The Economist is a picture of the 
Department of Justice logo and the title ``Degradation in progress.''
  I ask that The Economist magazine article--there are actually two. 
One is the opening article that they lead with before they get to the 
main article; and the second is the main article--the two articles 
about the degradation of the Department of Justice under Todd Blanche 
be added to the Record as well.
  I ask unanimous consent that the articles entitled ``Degradation in 
progress'' and ``The rule of one'' be printed in the Record.
  There being no objection, the material was ordered to be printed in 
the Record, as follows:

                    [The Economist, July 18th 2026]

                        Degradation in Progress

       The pursuit of enemies grabs all the attention, and for 
     good reason. Markets were shocked to see President Donald 
     Trump set the Department of Justice (DOJ) on Jerome Powell 
     when he was still the chairman of the Federal Reserve. 
     Champions of press freedom cried foul last week when the 
     department issued subpoenas to New York Times journalists for 
     explaining the truth about Qatar's gift of a jet to the 
     president. But Mr. Trump's grievance agenda isn't the half of 
     it.
       In a sign of how much he treats the department as his own 
     personal law firm, he wants his actual lawyer to become 
     attorney-general. Senate hearings begin this week for Todd 
     Blanche, who is currently the acting attorney-general. Those 
     on Mr. Trump's enemies list are not the only ones who should 
     be worried. The president is also inflicting less-noticed 
     harms on the DOJ that are as bad as the attention-grabbing 
     ones. The damage is likely to be profound.
       The DOJ is the government's lawyer, but it also serves as 
     the guardian of the law, especially since Watergate. In 2019 
     Bill Barr, then Mr. Trump's pick for attorney-general, said 
     that Americans ``have to know that there are places in the 
     government where the rule of law--not politics--holds sway'' 
     and that the Department of Justice ``must be such a place''. 
     Mr. Trump has no time for that. Less than halfway through his 
     second term, he has turned the DOJ from an arm of the law 
     into a muscular limb of the presidency (see United States 
     section).
       For a start, he has dramatically redefined the department's 
     priorities, which is legitimate, often by setting goals that 
     blur policy and politics, which is not. Health-care fraud is 
     being chased with particular zeal in states run by Democrats, 
     such as California and Minnesota, where it can be used to 
     discredit Mr. Trump's opponents, including the states' 
     governors, Gavin Newson and Tim Walz.
       The DOJ is also an effective tool for pursing his political 
     agenda. Election fraud is consuming ever more of its 
     resources--not because it is a real problem, but because it 
     is a presidential obsession. The DOJ has sued states for 
     access to their voter rolls. In January the FBI seized 
     hundreds of boxes filled with ballots and other documents in 
     Georgia's most populous county, part of an investigation of 
     the presidential election in 2020. More recently, some 260 
     FBI analysts were dispatched to pore over Georgia's files, 
     with a deadline to review records by July 17th. At the very 
     least, this will shake voters' faith that elections are 
     trustworthy--indeed, that may be its sinister design.
       Matters of genuine public interest are left to languish. 
     About a quarter of the DOJ's lawyers have left. Divisions 
     that investigated cryptocurrency fraud and public corruption 
     have withered. Financial-fraud indictments by prosecutors at 
     DOJ headquarters and in Manhattan are down by 30% from the 
     ten-year average. About 300 special agents who specialise in 
     national security have quit the FBI, taking decades of 
     experience in counterterrorism and cyber-warfare with them.
       The department has also become more chaotic. Too often, 
     cases encounter problems in court, though it is hard to 
     distinguish sloppiness by DOJ staff from deliberate ill-
     intent. Nearly 100 times in Mr. Trump's first 14 months, the 
     DOJ supplied courts with inaccurate information. It is quite 
     something for the State to lose the benefit of the doubt in 
     its own courtrooms.
       More than 61,000 petitions from detained immigrants have 
     bogged down courts and frustrated judges and federal 
     prosecutors, who have moved lawyers from criminal divisions 
     to help. By September last year, about a fifth of FBI agents 
     had been diverted to immigration enforcement.
       Meanwhile, the president's powers are increasing. In Trump 
     v Slaughter last month the Supreme Court ruled that the 
     president could sack leaders of semi-independent agencies, 
     such as the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) and the Securities 
     and Exchange Commission (SEC). That gives the president the 
     capacity to force agencies to work in league with the DOJ. 
     Imagine a co-ordinated campaign of pressure, in which the DOJ 
     opens an antitrust inquiry, the FTC explores consumer fraud 
     and the SEC investigates corporate disclosures.
       Unfortunately, the permanent appointment of Mr. Blanche is 
     unlikely to mark an improvement. He has done as much as 
     anyone to advance Mr. Trump's agenda of prosecuting his 
     enemies and protecting his friends--a powerful combination 
     for encouraging people to comply with Mr. Trump's wishes. 
     Under Mr. Blanche, the DOJ has recently threatened state 
     election officials with criminal prosecution if they 
     knowingly let non-citizens remain on voting rolls.
       Democrats and more than 1,200 former DOJ lawyers have 
     demanded that the Senate reject Mr. Blanche's nomination. The 
     Senate now has the choice of confirming him, and thereby 
     seeming to endorse Mr. Trump's broader agenda, or blocking 
     him in a rare rebuke to the president. Unfortunately, a 
     rejection may not accomplish all that much. Mr. Trump can 
     retain Mr. Blanche as acting attorney-general for months or 
     nominate someone just as pliable.
       The best Americans can hope for, in the next two years, is 
     that courts stand firm. So far they have generally checked 
     the DOJ's worst impulses. On July 7th a federal judge blocked 
     the department's effort to subpoena the names of election of 
     workers in Georgia. On July 13th another federal judge 
     nullified a settlement organised by the DOJ in response to a 
     civil case brought by Mr. Trump that would have protected the 
     president and his family from tax audits.


                              In the dock

       Even if Americans elect a president who wants to restore 
     the DOJ, the damage will be hard to reverse. Mr. Trump's 
     acolytes would see the ejection of his partisan lawyers as a 
     witch hunt that justifies the next purge when they take back 
     power. Once the arrival of any new administration routinely 
     entails a fresh round of sackings, professionals who care 
     about the rule of law will think twice about signing up. 
     After Watergate, statesmanship and a bipartisan effort were 
     needed to create the modern DOJ. Today the stakes are as 
     high, and the task is harder.
                                  ____


                            The Rule of One

       Anyone who has ever worked as a lawyer for Donald Trump 
     makes a bet. There is the possibility that you, too, will run 
     afoul of the law--eight of the president's lawyers have 
     themselves been indicted. Alternatively, your work might pay 
     dividens. Such was Todd Blanche's calculus three years ago 
     when his white-shoe firm gave him a choice: represent Mr. 
     Trump, then a candidate and a criminal defendant, or remain a 
     partner. Mr. Blanche chose Mr. Trump. Now the president has 
     selected him to be America's top cop.
       On July 15th the Senate began hearings to consider Mr. 
     Blanche's nomination to lead the Department of Justice (DOJ). 
     Whether lawmakers confirm him as attorney-general will test 
     their willingness to endorse Mr. Trump's legal agenda, but 
     even a rebuke would be only symbolic. The president will 
     still get his way at the DOJ; Mr. Blanche can stay in the job 
     on an acting basis for months and be replaced by someone 
     similar after.
       With or without Mr. Blanche, the president will continue to 
     lead a transformation of dramatic scale. With warrants and 
     subpoenas, the DOJ is pursuing Mr. Trump's critics and his 
     hobby-horses, from political adversaries to election fraud to 
     leaks in the press. The number of lawyers has dwindled by 
     20%; former prosecutors point to an incompatibility between 
     the president's agenda and the fair application of law. The 
     DOJ

[[Page S4462]]

     is retreating from certain types of criminal enforcement. 
     And, increasingly, judges are telling government lawyers that 
     they cannot be taken at their word.
       The DOJ's duties, at least as historically defined, include 
     enforcing the law and defending the government in court. Ever 
     since Richard Nixon urged his attorney-general to intefere 
     with an investigation, politicians of both parties have 
     generally agreed that the DOJ should operate at some distance 
     from the presidency. Mr. Trump has bucked that consensus, 
     claiming that Democrats weaponized the law against him. Joe 
     Biden's DOJ indicted him twice, elected Democratic district-
     attorneys indicted him twice more and Letitia James, New 
     York's attorney-general, sued him in civil court.
       Pam Bondi, Mr. Trump's first attorney-general, was fired in 
     April for being insufficiently aggressive. Mr. Blanche told 
     the Senate this week that he is not the president's ``yes 
     man''. But shortly after assuming his current post, Mr. 
     Blanche was touting a second indictment against James Comey, 
     a former FBI director and antagonist of the president. Mr. 
     Comey had posted a photo of seashells on a beach arranged 
     like ``86 47''. To ``86'' someone means to get rid of them; 
     Mr. Trump is the 47th president. The DOJ contends that Mr. 
     Comey was threatening to kill Mr. Trump.
       This prosecution is almost certain to fall, just like the 
     president's cases against Mr. James; Jerome Powell, the 
     former chair of the Federal Reserve; and six Democratic 
     lawmakers. Last month a court tossed subpoenas targeting Tim 
     Walz, Minnesota's govenor, and other Democratic officials in 
     that state. The judge wrote that the subpoenas were ``not 
     issued to investigate, but to harass, coerce and retaliate'' 
     for the officials' refusal to aid the president's immigration 
     crackdown.
       Mr. Trump complements prosecutions of political foes with 
     lenient treatment of his friends, through pardons and dropped 
     charges. Last year political appointees at the DOJ ordered 
     prosecutors to abandon a corruption case against Eric Adams, 
     then New York's mayor. Unlike Mr. Walz, he had agreed to co-
     operate on immigration. A judge in New York wants to know 
     whether a quid pro quo inspired the DOJ to drop fraud charges 
     against Gautam Adani, an Indian billionaire who has promised 
     to invest $10bn in America.
       Mr. Trump had sought to reward allies most explicitly 
     through a $1.8bn fund for supposed victim of government 
     lawfare. Even Republican senators balked at that; in June Mr. 
     Blanche said he had given up the idea. But it loomed over his 
     confirmation hearing, with John Cornyn, a Republican senator, 
     observing that his answers ``don't lead inevitably to the 
     conclusion that it's a dead''.
       The DOJ is vast; last year it charged 81,000 people. 
     Politicized probes mark a radical departure from past norms, 
     but they are not enough to upend that work. Yet broader 
     change is underway, too, with the department itself depleted 
     and redirected, at remarkable speed.
       Mass attrition means that some of the most experienced 
     lawyers have left, often for better pay in the private 
     sector, A former prosecutor in the Virginia office hat first 
     indicted Mr. Comey recounts how, after charges were issued, 
     nearly everyone in his unit started looking for new work. 
     ``These people have job options.'' Now the DOJ is struggling 
     to fill its ranks, lowering hiring standards to rake 
     applicants straight from law school and offering some 
     recruits $25,000 signing bonuses.
       Units specialising in cryptocurrency fraud and corruption 
     by public officials have been gutted. (As it happens, Mr. 
     Trump made more than $1.4bn from cryptocurrency last year.) 
     The group focused on counterintelligence and enforcing export 
     controls has warned Congress of ``unprecedented personnel 
     constraints'', with a 40% drop in prosecutors from a year and 
     a half ago. Up to a third of the counterterrorism section has 
     left, says a former prosecutor in that unit. The FBI, which 
     sits within the DOJ, has lost about 300 special agents who 
     worked on national security.
       The DOJ's national-security division has expertise that 
     most prosecutors lack, in handling classified information and 
     charging complex statutes. They sift through dozens of FBI 
     referrals and decide which to pursue. ``What feels real 
     versus which ones are idle chatter? When is the right time to 
     disrupt a plot? Do we go now? Prosecutors learn that only by 
     working these cases over many years,'' says one who left last 
     year.
       Fewer resources mean less enforcement in some domains. 
     White-collar defence lawyers remark how work has slowed. Last 
     year the number of financial-fraud indictments out of DOJ 
     headquarters and the U.S. attorney's office in Manhattan fell 
     by 30% from the ten-year average. Indictments are a lagging 
     indicator of enforcement activity. Subpoenas of financial 
     firms, which precede them, are ``not happening, basically,'' 
     says a white-collar lawyer in New York, who expects even 
     fewer indictments to come. ``Nobody's investigating those 
     things.'' Cases targeting political graft have largely dried 
     up. Mr. Trump is notably lax about that, having granted 
     clemency to at least 20 politicians convicted of self-dealing 
     over his two terms.
       Instead the DOJ has made a big show around the president's 
     bugbears: healthcare and benefits fraud; anything connected 
     to cartels; transgender care; diversity, equity and 
     inclusion; and election fraud. Recently the FBI dispatched 
     260 analysts to investigate debunked claims of vote-rigging 
     in the 2020 election in Georgia, which Mr. Trump maintains he 
     won. In January the FBI seized records related to that race 
     in Georgia's Fulton County. Last week a judge quashed the 
     DOJ's subpoena seeking names of poll workers there: an 
     ``overly broad fishing expedition is bad and is not 
     allowed,'' he said.
       The DOJ will be at the tip of the spear if Mr. Trump 
     attempts to intervene in the midterm elections in November. 
     Ominously, it has all but shut the unit that normally 
     monitors election-related crimes. A prosecutor who left that 
     section last year says he thinks the administration is 
     ``taking steps to be in a position to put its thumb on the 
     scale in 2026 or 2028''.
       Election-year training for FBI agents and DOJ staff, once 
     mandatory, has been cancelled. The department seems to have 
     no intention to stand up the National Election Command Post, 
     which normally monitors irregularities. Instead, election 
     deniers populate the DOJ, including several who worked to 
     overturn the 2020 result. Recently they threatened to 
     prosecute election officials who let non-citizens vote.
       No issue has consumed the attention of the Trump 
     administration like immigration. By September the FBI had 
     diverted a fifth of its roughly 14,000 agents to immigration 
     enforcement. What is striking is not that the president has 
     made immigration a priority--he said he would do as much--but 
     the manner in which DOJ lawyers are pursing those cases.
       In the autumn Mr. Blanche showed up in Chicago, the site of 
     a surge of agents dubbed ``Operation Midway Blitz'', and 
     decried ``an organised effort by domestic terrorists to 
     actually injure and hurt'' those agents. Then his deputy told 
     prosecutors to ``go big and go loud'' against protesters.
       A prosecutor in Chicago who left earlier this year says 
     that every unit there, including ones focused on cyber and 
     national-security crime, was dragooned into protester cases, 
     which became a ``dreaded thing''. He says the pressure from 
     the front office to file charges was so great that 
     prosecutors had to present a compelling argument not to do 
     so. That is the inverse of how decisions are usually made.
       Agents arrested nearly 4,000 immigrants during Midway 
     Blitz. The crack-down in Chicago also became a stark example 
     of how to drive away lawyers. In the U.S. attorney's office, 
     which has seven criminal sections, each chief serving at the 
     start of Midway Blitz has quit. Seven of their 15 deputies 
     and at least a quarter of the 90 or so staff prosecutors have 
     left, too.
       Across the country, there have been hundreds of shaky cases 
     brought against protesters. Many collapse before trial. A 
     jury rebellion awaits those that do make it that far. Ten of 
     13 resulted in an acquittal as of March, according to Steven 
     Salky, a defence lawyer who tracks unusual charging 
     decisions. By contrast, across all federal trials last year, 
     the acquittal rate was 12%.
       Some cases have veered into the absurd. A jury took 35 
     minutes to acquit a man accused of pointing a laser at the 
     president's helicopter. Once unusual practices are more 
     common. In October prosecutors charged six Democratic 
     activists and politicians in Chicago with conspiring to 
     impede a federal agent, in a case known as the ``Broadview 
     Six''. After a judge reviewed transcripts from the grand-jury 
     sitting--held in secret, without judges or defence lawyers--
     she said she had never seen such misbehaviour by prosecutors. 
     Among other no-nos, they had dismissed sceptical jurors 
     (including one who called the case ``a crock of shit'') who 
     might have been unlikely to return an indictment. In May 
     prosecutors dropped the case.
       A consequence of all this is that the DOJ is losing 
     credibility in the courts. Increasingly judges are calling 
     out lapses by government lawyers, saying they cannot take 
     them at face value. The judge overseeing the Broadview Six 
     case said she believed that ``most government attorneys are 
     doing the best they can to do the right thing''. Then she 
     added: ``That trust has been broken.'' More judges are now 
     requiring depositions and documents to verify that the 
     government's claims are true, and threatening sanctions when 
     its lawyers obfuscate or fail to comply. In the first 14 
     months of Mr. Trump's second term, according to Just 
     Security, a site for legal commentary, the DOJ gave courts 
     inaccurate information in nearly 100 instances.
       The problem is acute in immigration cases. The 
     administration's mass-detention policy led to a twentyfold 
     spike in ``habeas'' petitions by detained immigrants suing 
     for release between 2024 and 2025. Just Security found nearly 
     800 instances of non-compliance with court orders in habeas 
     cases, and 13 sanctions and contempt-of-court findings 
     against DOJ lawyers. The administration's response has been 
     to label any judge who disagrees with it a ``rogue 
     activist''. Mr. Blanche has called it a ``war'' on the 
     judiciary.
       Seen one way, that fighting talk reflects something 
     positive: the guardrails in the judicial system holding up, 
     to the administration's dismay. Already the department's 
     alumni are asking what it will take to reconstitute it when 
     Mr. Trump leaves office. A former prosecutor says he and his 
     former colleagues want to return. Still, the appeal of the 
     department diminishes somewhat with the prospect that the 
     next person overseeing it may sack you, or harness the law 
     for their personal ends. For decades the DOJ enjoyed

[[Page S4463]]

     some protection from the politics that have fractured 
     America. That era seems over.
  Mr. WHITEHOUSE. Last, there is a group called Just Security, which 
keeps track of what goes on in Federal courts. This is a binder of the 
cases that they have put together in which a Federal judge is harshly 
criticizing the integrity or the competence of the Department of 
Justice.
  This binder, frankly, should not exist. This is two-sided, by the 
way. These many cases--it is just astounding. I am not going to ask 
that this all be put into the Record. But I will note that if you look 
at justsecurity.org, you can look at their report published on March 
19, 2026. It gets regularly updated.
  And if you want to go through it, you can see truly appalling 
criticisms by Federal judges of every appointment background against 
incompetence and dishonesty by the Blanche Department of Justice.
  Where that really hits the road is with something called the 
presumption of regularity. You might not know what the presumption of 
regularity is, but it is a benefit that the government enjoys--that as 
a matter of policy, the Federal judiciary has determined that the 
Federal Government is generally so honest and competent that its 
proceedings will be given the presumption of regularity that the 
benefit of the doubt will go to the Department of Justice lawyers and 
to the government Agencies involved.
  Unless the adversary can prove otherwise, courts will presume that 
the government has done the right thing. And over and over again, we 
have seen judges say that presumption of regularity is now shot because 
there is so much dishonesty and incompetence coming out of the 
Department of Justice. That is unprecedented.
  There are hundreds of other reasons to vote against this most 
reprehensible Attorney General nominee in American history, but the 
very specific ones about his complicity in the Epstein files screwup 
and coverup, his being the first senior Department of Justice official 
in the history of the United States to face a fraud on the courts 
inquiry, where the judge already decided that the proceeding was a sham 
and that the parties were in collusion with each other and that the 
whole thing was done in bad faith, and that that is not an isolated 
incident--that is part of a pattern of incompetence and dishonesty out 
of the Department of Justice that has never before happened in the 
United States of America.
  If my Republican colleagues want to get behind that--if they are cool 
with an Attorney General who has that record--that is on you.
  There being no objection, the material was ordered to be printed in 
the Record, as follows:

       Dear Senators: We write to you as survivors of Jeffrey 
     Epstein and Ghislaine Maxwell's sex-trafficking operation to 
     urge you to vote no on Todd Blanche's confirmation as 
     attorney general. We understand that both of you remain open 
     to opposing his nomination, and we are asking you to stand 
     with survivors of human trafficking and sexual assault at 
     this critical moment.
       Under Todd Blanche's leadership, the Justice Department 
     released survivors' names, identifying information and images 
     while the names of alleged abusers and enablers remained 
     hidden. More than a thousand women and girls were abused, yet 
     no one beyond Epstein and Maxwell has been prosecuted.
       During Todd Blanche's meeting with survivors, survivors 
     asked direct questions about how these redaction failures 
     happened and whether he would purse the investigative leads 
     that remain. Survivors received an hour of deflection, 
     interruption and gaslighting. Todd Blanche showed no remorse 
     for the horrific release of materials that exposed survivors' 
     identities and images. He also gave no indication that he 
     believed there were investigative leads worth pursing, or 
     that he intended to seek accountability beyond Jeffrey 
     Epstein and Ghislaine Maxwell.
       Senator Tillis, when you urged Todd Blanche to meet with 
     survivors, we believed you expected a serious and meaningful 
     conversation. What occurred was a box-checking exercise 
     arranged only after his confirmation was put at risk. 
     Blanche's willingness to sit in a room with us should not 
     matter more than how he treated us once he was there.
       Both of you have records of standing with survivors of 
     human trafficking and sexual assault. A vote to confirm Todd 
     Blanche would be a vote against those survivors. It would 
     reward someone who has refused to take responsibility for the 
     harm they've caused, failed to provide meaningful answers and 
     shown no credible commitment to pursing the full truth.
       We urge you to vote no on Todd Blanche's confirmation.
           Sincerely,
       Annie Farmer, Jane Doe, Jena-Lisa Jones, Lara Blume McGee, 
     Michelle Licata, Ashley Rubright, Jane Doe, Jennifer, Lisa 
     Phillips, Rachel Benavidez, Audra Lynn, Jane Doe, Jess 
     Michaels, Liz Stein, Roza, Dani Bensky, Jane Doe, Joanna 
     Harrison, Marijke Chartouni, Sharlene Rochard, Jane Doe, Jane 
     Doe, Juliette Bryant, Marina Lacerda, Teresa J. Helm, Wendy 
     Pesante.
  Mr. WHITEHOUSE. I yield the floor.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Banks). The Senator from North Carolina.


                                  hemp

  Mr. BUDD. Mr. President, every parent in America, they want the same 
thing. They want to know that their kids are safe. As U.S. Senators, 
each of us has a responsibility to the millions of parents we represent 
for the safety and welfare of American kids first.
  And that is exactly why--just 9 months ago on this very floor--76 
Members of this body voted to close the hemp loophole that allowed 
these dangerous substances to be sold in unregulated retail stores.
  But since last November, the intoxicating hemp industry has attempted 
to delay our effort to close this dangerous loophole.
  May I show you some of the products that you can find in some of 
these stores?
  It looks like a familiar brand, but if you look closely--well, 
sometimes they use the brand name. But how about something like 
Slizzles? Pretty deceptive.
  You know, these companies want to continue selling these intoxicating 
THC substances loosely labeled as hemp products. They want to put them 
on the shelves of local convenience stores, gas stations, and grocery 
stores nationwide.
  And the problem doesn't stop there. The packaging is unmistakably 
designed to appeal to kids. Using these bright colors, they 
intentionally mimic popular snack food and candy brands like this.
  But what is most concerning is how easy it is for a child to walk 
into a convenience store and pick up what looks like their favorite 
snack or their favorite candy without realizing that they are actually 
buying an intoxicating substance.
  See a familiar--what might be a familiar brand here, but it is 
Stoneo. How about that?
  So it is difficult enough for an adult to distinguish the minor 
difference on these name-brand products and intoxicating substances on 
the shelves. I mean, just look at the examples. So are you telling me 
that this is not intentional?
  You know, the four basic principles of marketing are product, price, 
place, and promotion. And what we are looking at right here, it is a 
crash course in all four: how to package a product; how to make it 
appealing; how to put it in front of consumers; and how to promote it, 
while attempting to evade Federal law.
  You know, this is not some innocent coincidence. You don't 
accidentally create packaging for an intoxicating substance that bears 
a strange resemblance to a recognizable brand. You don't accidentally 
make an intoxicating product look something like a child would 
recognize from a grocery store shelf without reasonable intent.
  Now this is marketing by design, and it is designed--it is designed--
to evade the law. The resemblance here is absolutely outrageous, and it 
is putting our kids at risk each and every day.
  And over the past few years, we have already seen the horrifying 
consequences play out in emergency rooms across the country.
  From 2018 to 2023, emergency departments in the United States that 
responded to pediatric cannabis poisoning increased by 461 percent; 91 
percent of those patients were 4 years or younger--91 percent. And 45 
percent of those kids--ages zero to 11--45 percent of them required 
hospitalization.
  These numbers, they are not just statistics. They represent children 
ending up in emergency rooms--45 percent of them. And why? Because the 
intoxicating hemp industry wants to make a cheap dollar.
  Now, in my home State of North Carolina, cannabis consumption-coded 
emergency department visits among minors, they increased by 969 percent 
between 2017 and 2025. That is almost 1,000 percent increase, and that 
is nothing short of alarming.

[[Page S4464]]

  THC can have very serious consequences for adults. It can trigger 
psychosis, addiction, manic episodes, bipolar relapse, depression, 
anxiety, and suicidal ideation. And having assessed those risks, it 
makes it utterly irresponsible to turn around and put those same THC 
substances within reach of our kids.

  It is also impacting our workforce. Able-bodied adults, they are 
unable to hold jobs that require them to take a drug test. Stores near 
military bases sell these products to men and women in the armed 
services, making them ineligible for military service. And that is also 
no accident.
  I can't tell you how many times that I have sat down with a family in 
my office that has tragically lost a son or a daughter because they 
became addicted to these disguised substances, and it is just 
heartbreaking to witness. It is heartbreaking to have those 
conversations, and, yet, they keep coming to my office. We keep hearing 
their stories.
  There are young people who no longer walk this Earth. They will never 
graduate. They will never go to college. They will never start a 
career. They will never get married. They will never have children. And 
they will never get the chance to experience the life that was ahead of 
them because these dangerous substances robbed them of their future.
  And I am appalled at the well-oiled, slick lobbying machine--which is 
very well connected in this town, by the way--that has chosen to wage 
this surreptitious war against our efforts to protect American 
children.
  So let me be clear to my colleagues. I am not going to back down on 
this. I am not going to waver. I am not going to stop until this life-
threatening loophole is closed permanently.
  And we are going to have this fight before the end of this Congress, 
and I can assure you that I am not going to stop fighting to protect 
American children.
  And I have already had numerous conversations with the White House 
about this issue, and I am willing to have a larger conversation about 
marijuana. We may not agree, but I will have the conversation.
  But I want to make one thing really, really clear: Making THC 
intoxicating substances readily accessible to our kids is an entirely 
different issue from the medical marijuana movement.
  Today, we are talking about unregulated hemp products being sold on 
the shelves of nearly every corner store in America. These intoxicating 
substances--they are hiding in plain sight, and they are putting our 
kids at risk.
  Parents should never have to face the fear that sending their child 
into a convenience store for a snack or a treat could mean that that 
child walks out with a product that can get them high.
  And that is not too much to ask. It is just common sense. And it is 
our responsibility to make sure that the millions of parents that we 
represent--that they can trust the product sitting on store shelves, 
that they are safe for their kids.
  I am not here to obstruct the Senate for the sake of obstruction. I 
am here because I have a duty to the millions of parents in North 
Carolina who have sent me to Washington to be their voice and, above 
all, to protect their children.
  To every parent in North Carolina: I hear you. I stand with you. You 
have my word I am not going to back down, and I am not going to stop 
fighting until we get this right.
  This is a public health crisis that deserves this Senate's immediate 
attention. Our children should never be the testing ground for an 
industry willing to exploit a loophole in Federal law for profit.
  We need to strip this amendment from the continuing resolution and 
regulate these harmful substances for exactly what they are, not what 
the industry wants to call it.
  So if substances cause intoxication--like marijuana--then it should 
be regulated as such, not given a free pass as hemp. There is no 
loophole worth putting a child's well-being at risk.
  I yield the floor.