[Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 121 (Thursday, July 23, 2026)]
[Senate]
[Pages S4241-S4246]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




                          LEGISLATIVE SESSION

                                 ______
                                 

  NATIONAL DEFENSE AUTHORIZATION ACT FOR FISCAL YEAR 2027--Motion to 
                                Proceed

  Mr. THUNE. Mr. President, I move to proceed to Calendar No. 436, S. 
4784.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will report.
  The senior assistant bill clerk read as follows:

       Motion to proceed to Calendar No. 436, S. 4784, a bill to 
     authorize appropriations for fiscal year 2027 for military 
     activities of the Department of Defense, for military 
     construction, and for defense activities of the

[[Page S4242]]

     Department of Energy, to prescribe military personnel 
     strengths for such fiscal year, and for other purposes.


                         Smalltown South Dakota

  Mr. THUNE. Mr. President, over the weekend, I headed back to Jones 
County, South Dakota, for my high school reunion. It has been a few 
years since high school--just a few--but it is amazing how the years 
roll away when you head back and see some of the people who shaped your 
high school years.
  Some of them are missing now, of course: teachers; coaches; my 
parents--my dad, who was a teacher at my high school, a coach at my 
high school, and the busdriver at my high school; and my mom, who 
served as the school librarian.
  Needless to say, we Thune kids didn't get away with much in our high 
school years.
  My high school reunion this year happened to coincide with the 120th 
anniversary of the town of Murdo, where I grew up--current population, 
roughly, 500.
  And being back in Jones County and in Murdo really got me to 
reminisce about growing up in smalltown South Dakota, about how blessed 
I was to grow up in a small town in South Dakota.
  People discuss the loss of community today that can result from the 
circumstances of modern life. That was never something we had to worry 
about in Murdo. In Murdo, you knew you were part of a community.
  Rural South Dakotans are sturdy, independent people, but they also 
know from experience that you can't get by in a small town on the 
prairie without the support of your neighbors. And when someone was in 
need in Murdo, the whole town rallied around to help, whether it was an 
unexpected death in the family or the collapse of a barn roof.
  We celebrated with each other, too, whether it was the harvest, the 
Fourth of July, or pheasant season. And the whole town swelled with 
pride at one of its kids' achievements.
  I carry the sense of community and belonging I had growing up in 
Murdo with me to this day, and I carry those smalltown South Dakotans 
with me in a special way in my work here in Washington. When we look at 
a government regulation, I think about what impact it will have on 
smalltown South Dakota, on the people in our State, like the ones that 
I grew up with. Is it going to lighten their burden, or is it going to 
add new challenges on top of those they already face?
  Agriculture is the life blood of our State. It was the life blood of 
Murdo as well. Farmers and ranchers have a tough job: backbreaking work 
in all weathers--work that can be destroyed in an instant by a storm or 
a flood.
  I want to ensure that Washington isn't making their life even tougher 
than it is already. That is why I fought for things like the 
elimination of the death tax, so that the farmers and ranchers can hand 
down the family enterprise to their kids and don't have to spend time 
and money on costly estate planning. It is also why I fought to ensure 
that Federal farm programs are actually serving farmers, that they take 
into account the realities of farm life and keep pace with changes.
  You can bet that I had smalltown South Dakota in mind when I fought 
to pass tax relief for hard-working Americans in the Tax Cuts and Jobs 
Act, and then when we made that new tax relief permanent in the Working 
Families Tax Cut just last year.
  I think a lot of my political beliefs have their roots in growing up 
in Murdo: from the belief that government ought to be limited--and if a 
matter can be handled at the State or local level, it should be--to my 
understanding of the importance of freedom, and the individual 
responsibility that comes with the freedoms we enjoy.
  I am grateful every day, Mr. President, for the blessings of growing 
up in a small town, in smalltown South Dakota, and I am proud to be a 
son of Murdo.
  I yield the floor.
  I suggest the absence of a quorum.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll.
  The senior assistant bill clerk proceeded to call the roll.
  Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the order 
for the quorum call be rescinded.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.


                   Recognition of the Minority Leader

  The Democratic leader is recognized.


                         War Powers Resolution

  Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, the hole Donald Trump is digging himself 
into in Iran has turned into a crater.
  Somehow Trump has convinced himself that the American people are 
cheering him on on this blunder rather than crying out for him to bring 
our troops home.
  Today, Democrats are going to force another vote on our War Powers 
Resolution to end this war; to get our troops out of harm's way; and to 
force Trump to face the reality of this catastrophe.
  Will our Republican colleagues join us, or are they just going to 
keep their heads in the sand?
  They know how bad this is. They are hearing it from one end of the 
country to another, but they are so afraid of speaking truth to power--
of telling Donald Trump he is wrong--that they almost time after time--
the vast majority of them--vote to go along with this war that is not 
achieving any goals and is raising our gas prices now to above $4.
  Yesterday, Trump said of the American people ``they're not against 
the war.''
  Trump, wake up. No one wants this war but you and your cronies and 
the supine Republican Senators and Congressmen who go along.
  The American people are against this war. They are against seeing our 
men and women in uniform get killed and wounded for a war that seems to 
have no direction or purpose. They are against hearing Trump and 
Hegseth lie about casualties, and they are definitely against paying 
over 4 bucks for a gallon of gas. In fact, this morning, oil, once 
again, hit $100 a barrel as the war continues to spiral.
  Just this week, we saw polling that the war in Iran is America's 
least popular war since polling began. Let me say that again so Donald 
Trump and my Republican colleagues can hear it. Just this week, we saw 
polling that the Iran war is America's least popular war since polling 
began.
  So, when Donald Trump says the American people are not against the 
war, he has got his head deep, deep, deep in the sand. Even Trump's 
MAGA supporters are starting to sour on the war. No one--no one--wants 
to watch Donald Trump keep pouring gasoline on a fire he claims to have 
put out weeks ago.
  Donald Trump's war is ramping up, not winding down. If Donald Trump 
won't listen to the American people and end this war, then Congress 
must. Bipartisan majorities in both Chambers of Congress have already 
passed legislation to end Trump's aimless, illegal, ruinous war. We 
will keep demanding Donald Trump end this war with another vote today. 
We are going to keep the pressure on our Republican colleagues, and 
that is what we are supposed to be doing here because it is Congress 
that has the power to bring war; so it is perfectly appropriate and 
right and part of our obligation as the opposition party to force our 
Republican colleagues to vote again and again and again until they see 
the light.
  Senate Republicans need to stop indulging the President's foreign 
policy of fantasy and support our War Powers Resolution to bring our 
troops home.
  When are Senate Republicans going to stand up? When will they say 
``enough''?
  The American people are watching. Senate Republicans will lose 
credibility with the American people with every vote they take against 
ending Trump's war.


                                Tariffs

  Mr. President, on tariffs, as gas prices spike and families struggle 
with their grocery bills, Trump is tripling down on his chaotic tariff 
tax and pushing prices that Americans pay even higher.
  Just this week, Trump announced a new round of 50-percent tariffs on 
Canada--our big enemy, Canada, Trump might say--but that is not all. 
Trump is about to slap new 10-percent tariffs on 60 countries, 
including all of our major trading partners. He is also threatening 
100-percent tariffs on generic medicines. That is more money coming out 
of the American people's pockets for something they very much need--
low-cost generic drugs. Trump has bled the American people dry with

[[Page S4243]]

these tariffs, and he is coming back for more.
  And Canada? Doesn't he know that many of our countries on the 
Canadian border depend on commerce, whether it is Maine or New York or 
Michigan or Washington State or every State in between, and that his 
tariffs are helping to destroy the economies of those States in 
particular?
  So what will American families get in return for shelling out 
thousands of dollars extra for basic necessities? Nothing good. Trump 
has bled the American people dry with these tariffs, and now he is 
coming back for more.
  Trump claims a massive new wave of manufacturing, but the truth is we 
have lost 75,000 manufacturing jobs since Trump started his trade war. 
I repeat. Trump's tariffs have cost our country 75,000 manufacturing 
jobs. Once again, Trump lies. He just lies. He doesn't care what the 
facts are. If it suits his purposes, his big ego, his insatiable desire 
to pat himself on the back, he lies.

  Trump, we have lost manufacturing jobs since your tariffs--75,000 of 
them.
  Meanwhile, tariff rates mysteriously change, and new exemptions are 
announced every time Trump receives a gold watch, a diamond ring, or a 
phone call from one of his billionaire buddies. The story is always the 
same with this administration: Trump and his billionaire friends win; 
families lose.
  Trump corrupts the Presidency to enrich himself. Then he turns around 
and raises costs on Americans at every turn, and Senate Republicans are 
more than happy to help Trump every step of the way.


                     Election Protection Task Force

  Now, Mr. President, on the Election Protection Task Force that we 
Democrats have put together, Trump tries to corrupt everything he 
touches, and our elections are next. President Trump knows he can't 
outrun the Republicans' awful record, so he is trying to rig the race 
in November. Trump and the GOP would rather silence Americans than 
answer to them.
  We are going to make sure Republicans hear the American people loud 
and clear in November, which is why the Senate Democrats' Election 
Protection Task Force gathered again yesterday to war-game our response 
to Trump's all-out assault on our elections.
  Our task force is planning for every eventuality and looking at every 
tool to stop Trump from stealing the mid-term election. It doesn't 
matter what Trump tries to throw at us. Exercises like the one we held 
yesterday will ensure we will be ready to respond. We are anticipating 
the trouble he might create--the evil he might do--and what our 
response should be in advance.
  Trump ignored Americans when they told him to lower his costs. Trump 
ignored Americans when they told him to end his wars. Now Trump wants 
to ignore Americans when they tell him they want Republicans gone.
  Trump may not want to listen to the American people, but he is going 
to have to face the music in November whether he likes it or not.


              Anniversary of 1998 Capitol Police Shooting

  Finally, Mr. President, on a sad note, it is the anniversary of the 
1998 Capitol Police shooting.
  Tomorrow--tomorrow--will mark 28 years when Detective John Gibson and 
Officer Jacob Chestnut of the U.S. Capitol Police gave their lives 
while defending our Capitol. They showed tremendous heroism that day--
one I remember all too well. They faced grave danger with courage and 
made the ultimate sacrifice to protect our Capitol, the people within, 
and the democracy this building represents.
  For that, they will always have--always have--our gratitude, and so 
will all of our Capitol Police officers, who work so hard to keep us 
safe.
  I yield the floor.
  I suggest the absence of a quorum.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll.
  The senior assistant legislative clerk proceeded to call the roll.
  Mr. BARRASSO. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the order 
for the quorum call be rescinded.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.


                              Immigration

  Mr. BARRASSO. Mr. President, when it comes to elections in America, 
only American citizens should be allowed to vote. In big cities and 
blue States, illegal immigrants are registering to vote and are casting 
ballots. This week, the State of New Jersey admitted that 6,600 
noncitizens made it onto their voting rolls. Every single one of them--
every single one--was registered to vote during the final years of the 
Biden administration--6,600--while 400 of them actually voted, and 
those are the ones that we know about.
  Here is how it happened: For 4 years, Joe Biden and Kamala Harris 
flung open our southern border, and 10 million illegal immigrants 
flooded into our country.
  Among them were criminals, members of cartels, drug dealers, gang 
members, and terror suspects. Sanctuary States and cities welcomed 
these illegal immigrants, and the State of New Jersey, where all of 
this happened, is one of them. New Jersey hands out driver's licenses 
to illegal immigrants. Its department of motor vehicles turns driver's 
licenses directly into voter registration. It is automatic. And in this 
case, the State of New Jersey, it registered 6,600 of these illegal 
immigrants to vote.
  It happened in the State of New Jersey, and they admit they did it. 
The liberal Governor of New Jersey blames it all on a computer glitch. 
The real blame belongs to the Democrats and their sanctuary city and 
State policies.
  Democrats can't throw open the borders, hand illegal immigrants 
driver's licenses, and then pretend to be shocked--shocked--the 
Democrats claim to be when these illegal immigrants end up voting.
  Illegal immigrants must not be allowed to vote in American elections. 
States need to clean up their voter rolls aggressively and do it 
immediately.
  The National Voter Registration Act requires States to make 
``reasonable efforts'' to maintain accurate voter rolls. Many Democrat 
States refuse to follow the law. Senator Schumer said last week on this 
floor that elections belong to the American people. Just moments ago, 
right before he left the floor, he talked about so-called ``Democrats 
election integrity task force''--I wrote it down as he said it--
``Democrats election integrity task force.'' You talk about an 
oxymoron--like jumbo shrimp, like pretty ugly, like deafening silence.
  To me, deafening silence is what is happening from the Democrats, and 
it is time for them to start actually acting. Democrats need to stop 
opposing every effort we make on this Senate floor to secure our border 
and to enforce our immigration laws.
  Election security begins with border security. Today's Democrats want 
neither border security nor election security. And they sure don't want 
voter ID. They don't want to have it guaranteed that only citizens 
vote.
  The modern Democrat Party is being driven today by extremists, and 
these extremists all around the country are winning Democrat primary 
elections.
  In New York, a Democrat nominee for Congress has vowed to abolish the 
Immigrations and Customs Enforcement.
  In Colorado, another Democrat nominee who won a Democrat primary 
election in just the last couple of weeks said abolishing ICE ``will 
not wait.'' They want to abolish Immigrations and Customs Enforcement 
in our Nation.
  In Michigan, a leading Democrat candidate for this U.S. Senate has 
been fighting since 2018--we are talking 8 years--to abolish ICE. Eight 
years spent fighting our Nation's Immigration and Customs Enforcement. 
He recently said ICE ``cannot be reformed. It can't be retrained. It 
must be abolished.''
  They want to open the borders, let anybody in, and let them stay 
forever. That is what the Democrat Party of today believes. They 
actually have a manifesto; that is the Democrat manifesto. It is a 
manifesto. They want mass amnesty for illegal immigrants, and that 
includes illegal immigrant criminals, even murderers. They want to 
release illegal immigrant criminals into our communities, into our 
neighborhoods.
  Then the Democrats are demanding free healthcare for illegal 
immigrants paid for by American taxpayers. They are demanding illegal 
immigrants vote in our elections. That is what they really want.
  They want to abolish the Senate. That is part of their manifesto. 
They

[[Page S4244]]

want to pack the Supreme Court. That is part of their manifesto. They 
want to abolish the electoral college. That is part of the manifesto 
that is being elected in Democrat primaries around the country. They 
want to tear up the Constitution and tear down the United States of 
America. That is their agenda. It is radical. It is extreme. It is 
dangerous. It is scary.
  The American people ought to be scared about what is happening with 
the Democrat manifesto and what they are promoting for this country. 
The American people can't afford it, and they are certainly not going 
to accept it. It is not the America we know and love.
  The Department of Homeland Security recently released new data about 
the number of illegal border crossings in the month of June. It is at a 
50-year low. That is because of the work being done by this 
administration. For the past 14 months, zero illegal immigrants have 
been released into the country--absolutely zero--after millions and 
millions and millions under the Joe Biden catch-and-release disaster.
  Republicans have secured the border, but this fight isn't over. After 
years of Democrat open border policies, millions of illegal immigrants 
remain in our country today. Either we remove them or extreme Democrats 
are going to do everything they can to make it possible for them to 
vote in our elections. We already saw it happen in New Jersey.
  Republicans promised to deport illegal immigrant criminals, and it is 
time to continue on with that promise.
  The contrast is clear: Republicans want our laws enforced; Democrats 
want our laws ignored.
  The American people rejected open borders before and will reject them 
again. The American people want secure borders, safe communities, and 
only American citizens voting.
  I yield the floor.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Nevada.


                      Jewish American Security Act

  Ms. ROSEN. Mr. President, I rise today to speak once again about a 
crisis that demands the ongoing attention of the Senate: the disturbing 
rise in anti-Semitism in America.
  Across our country, Jewish Americans are continuing to face 
unspeakable acts of hate, threats, violence, and discrimination that 
are happening at record levels. Unfortunately, this is not anything 
new. In fact, for more than a decade, anti-Semitism has been on the 
rise. It is setting record numbers year after year, particularly since 
the October 7 terrorist attack on Israel.
  According to an ADL report, 2025 was the third highest year for anti-
Semitic incidents since the ADL began collecting data, and physical 
assaults against Jews were higher in 2025 than ever before. So I want 
everyone to just think about that. Physical assaults against Jews were 
the highest since ADL began tracking this data nearly 50 years ago.
  FBI data--well, it has shown that Jewish Americans are the target of 
almost 70 percent of religiously motivated hate crimes in this country 
despite making up only 2 percent of the population. Think about that--
70 percent of crime against 2 percent of the population.
  Just this past year, a historic synagogue in Jackson, MS, was 
firebombed. Jewish congregations were defaced in Austin, TX; 
Albuquerque, NM; Hot Springs, AK; and Oak Park, MI. In West Bloomfield, 
MI, a man actually drove his car into a building housing a synagogue 
and a preschool and then opened fire.
  Even beyond these specific incidents, we are witnessing worrying 
trends in how Americans are thinking about Jewish communities.
  Last week, the Blue Square Alliance Against Hate released a poll that 
found that nearly one-third of people 18 to 44 viewed Jews as a 
``threat to the unity of American society''--2 percent of the 
population a ``threat to the unity of American society.'' Let that sink 
in.
  The same poll found that one in eight young adults said Jewish people 
``cause problems in the world,'' and around one in five younger 
Americans did not consider slurs against Jews to be harmful to Jewish 
people.
  I really wish these findings were hard to believe, but for many 
around this country, they aren't surprising. For some, they will point 
to the war in the Middle East and U.S. policy in the region as a driver 
of these spikes in anti-Semitism. And, of course, we can and we must 
have frank, open discussions on how the United States should handle our 
foreign policy. But we cannot stand idly by and allow these 
disagreements to become excuses for turning a blind eye on attacks 
towards Jewish Americans.
  When we return from the August State work period, it will be 
September and the High Holidays. High Holidays--well, they will be in 
full swing. From Rosh Hashanah to Yom Kippur, this is the holiest time 
of the Jewish year, and many Jews, including those who may not go to 
synagogue any other time, will be preparing to attend religious 
services in observance of these important holidays. But it is the 
unfortunate reality that these holidays are now marked by a palpable 
fear because large gatherings make communities vulnerable to attacks.
  Sadly, what should be a season of reflection and prayer, worship and 
renewal, is a source of, now, fear and anxiety for far too many 
American Jews. As a result, one in four Jewish Americans has skipped 
Jewish events and Jewish religious observances due to the fear of being 
targeted. It is not right. It is not right. They don't go to temple for 
fear of being targeted. Something must be done.
  Before I came to the Senate, I was the president of the largest 
reform synagogue in Nevada, and I know firsthand the preparations that 
synagogues undertake to keep their congregations safe--especially 
during the High Holidays. No one should have to worship behind a 
barricade. No one should have to go through a police check and police 
surrounding your entire building in order to go pray. But as anti-
Semitic harassment and violence continue to be a real threat, 
heightened security measures are a fact of life for Jewish communities. 
Every synagogue leader in this country has to think about hiring 
professional security, installing cameras, doing everything they can to 
protect their congregation. Security is the largest line item on a 
budget now.
  This heavy burden isn't only an emotional and logistical one; robust 
security comes with a steep financial cost.
  There is a highly successful Federal grant program at FEMA that helps 
at-risk institutions, including houses of worship like synagogues, 
churches, and mosques. Well, it helps them to make the security 
upgrades they need so Americans can worship peacefully and safely.
  That is why we need to robustly fund the Nonprofit Security Grant 
Program. In fact, authorizing $1 billion for this program--nearly three 
times the current funding level--is the key component of the Jewish 
American Security Act. It is my comprehensive, bipartisan bill with 
Senator James Lankford of Oklahoma to address anti-Semitism and threats 
to the Jewish community.
  But this program can only help institutions if grant money is 
actually accessible and if there is enough money available to the 
applicants who need it all across this country in communities large and 
small. Unfortunately, many institutions had less than a month to apply 
for grants through the NSGP this year. Sometimes they only had days to 
review the program, develop proposals, and gather the necessary 
documents and supporting assessments. In past years, the application 
window had been as long as 80 days.
  So that is why, in addition to making this historic investment in 
NSGP, our bipartisan bill would make important reforms to streamline 
how the program is implemented and allow grant funding to be used to 
hire security services so that the program truly matches the needs of 
the congregations it is meant to support.
  And it won't just stop there. Our bipartisan Jewish American Security 
Act would also create a new Federal grant program to support local 
police who protect at-risk houses of worship. You know, I often say: 
Anti-Semitism is the canary in the coal mine. It is a warning sign--a 
warning sign--for all other forms of hate and discrimination to come.

  Tackling anti-Semitism sends a strong message that we do not--will 
not--tolerate hate and discrimination in our country, in the United 
States of America. And if we don't draw this line now, if we don't 
stand up, if we don't

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say, ``Enough is enough,'' then when will we? Who is next?
  The Jewish community is the canary in the coal mine. We must draw the 
line. We must pass this bill. The Jewish American Security Act is so 
critical to our safety and security.
  When will we say, ``Enough is enough''? Let's hope it is now.
  Thank you.
  I suggest the absence of a quorum.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll.
  The senior assistant legislative clerk proceeded to call the roll.
  Mr. MURPHY. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the order for 
the quorum call be rescinded.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
  The Senator from Connecticut.


                                  Iran

  Mr. MURPHY. Mr. President, in a few moments, we are going to vote on 
a resolution to end the President's illegal, disastrous war with Iran. 
We should pass this resolution.
  This is day 146 of a war that has no achievable objectives and no 
ending, a war that has ruined American families as gas prices are back 
over $4 a gallon, unaffordable for many working-class Americans. We 
have sky-high diesel and fertilizer prices. We have seen record numbers 
of farms going into bankruptcy.
  This is a war that has made Iran stronger, a war that has depleted 
American munitions so dangerously that we are now exposed, without the 
munitions and interceptors necessary if there was an actual threat 
posed to the United States elsewhere around the world.
  This war has been an unmitigated disaster from start to finish. There 
is a reason why no American President--Republican or Democrat--prior to 
Donald Trump began a preemptive war with Iran, because everyone with 
even scant knowledge of the Middle East knew that a war with Iran was 
not winnable, knew that it would set off a series of other conflicts in 
the region that would result in chaos.
  And that is what we have today--chaos--even worse, planned chaos, 
foreseeable chaos.
  Every day, as we speak, Iran strikes its neighbors--Israel, Kuwait, 
the UAE, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, Qatar. Every day, Iran strikes U.S. 
forces and our bases in the region. They have done billions of dollars' 
worth of damage to our forces and to our partners' forces.
  Our war against Iran has set off other wars. Israel has invaded 
Lebanon. In that country, 4,300 people have been killed, 12,000 have 
been wounded, and 1.2 million Lebanese have been displaced from their 
homes.
  Let me say this again: The war with Iran has set off another war in 
which 4,300 people have been killed and 1.2 million people have been 
displaced from their homes.
  And this week, a new conflict is breaking out between the Houthis in 
Yemen and Saudi Arabia.
  The Strait of Hormuz is closed. Iran did not control the strait 
before the war, but they now effectively control it.
  The Bab el-Mandeb Strait, connecting the Red Sea to global waterways, 
now appears also closed, and the Houthis--again, another Iranian ally--
have started to attack ships there.
  There are 17 Americans who have died. There are hundreds of others 
who have been wounded. Almost 2,000 Iranian civilians have died, 
including 250 children.
  The United States has depleted our munitions and interceptor stores 
to dangerous levels. Over decades, we carefully, methodically built up 
a stockpile of long-range stealth missiles--mostly in preparation for a 
possible future conflict with China.
  Do you know what percentage of that stockpile has been fired at Iran 
in 146 days? Not 10 percent, not 30 percent--50 percent. We have fired 
half of our entire stockpile of long-range stealth missiles in 4 
months.
  And the situation is even worse for our allies and partners in the 
region. Reports suggest that the UAE and Kuwait may have burned through 
75 percent of their Patriot missiles, just over the last 146 days.
  This all sounds like a disaster--correct?--like an unmitigated five-
alarm disaster. But the administration defends this reality.
  They, frankly, can't object to the facts that I just laid out. They 
simply say that this is the cost of a just war. Lives lost, regional 
chaos, high prices, low stockpiles, taxpayers footing the bill--it is 
just all worth it, because the Trump administration says: We are 
achieving our goals, and the goals are worth the price.
  And here is the most important thing to understand, as we approach 
this vote in a few moments: It is not worth it. Why? Because Trump has 
not achieved a single war goal, and Trump has no path to achieve any 
single war goal.
  All of the costs, all of the chaos, all of the death that I just 
described are going to be for nothing because not a single one of these 
goals is going to be achieved.
  Now, I will admit the goals have shifted over time, and so on this 
chart I am simplifying the set of goals. But the first goal has been 
articulated many times, in different forms, by the administration: 
regime change.
  In Trump's video announcing the beginning of the war, he says:

       When we are finished [with this campaign, the Iranian 
     people should] take over your government. It will be yours to 
     take. This will be probably your only chance for generations.

  There is also extensive reporting on the plan, led by the Israelis 
but supported by the United States, to replace the old regime with 
leaders friendly to the United States and Israel.
  But here is the reality. Yes, this war has taken out the previous 
leadership, but what has happened is that the old regime has simply 
been swapped for a new generation of revolution-era ideologues that are 
younger, that are more emboldened, and that are less compromising.
  The new Ayatollah is well known to be a prominent hardliner. He has 
surrounded himself with other hardliners--leaders of the Quds Force and 
those with a history of brutal repression of dissidents inside Iran. 
And they feel emboldened because they have survived this war. They have 
emerged controlling the country. They have taken America's best shot, 
and they are still in charge.
  The President, at one point, tried to claim that this goal had been 
effectuated--that because the old Ayatollah is dead and there is a new 
Ayatollah, by definition, they had succeeded in regime change.
  All we got is a younger set of leaders who are more confident they 
can beat the United States and are going to emerge from this conflict 
more powerful in the region.
  The second war goal: destroying Iran's military capabilities.
  Now, the administration, basically, as soon as the war began, claimed 
victory here on day 14 of this conflict. Nearly 5 months ago, the 
Secretary of Defense said that Iran's military had been ``destroyed'' 
and ``made combat ineffective.''
  And 26 days into the conflict, Vice President Vance declared:

       The Iranian conventional military is effectively destroyed.

  But with our own eyes, every single day, we can see that that is a 
lie, as missiles are being fired at our troops and our partners in the 
region, as wars break out anew each week.
  According to public reporting in the New York Times and the 
Washington Post, U.S. intelligence suggests that Iran has retained as 
much as 70 percent of its prewar missile stock and 70 percent of its 
mobile missile launchers.
  So $100 billion spent and 140 days of war, and we have dented their 
missile capacity.
  Along the Strait of Hormuz, where the missiles probably matter the 
most, a new U.S. intelligence estimate--again, this is open-source 
reporting--says that, of the 33 sites, only 3 sites are fully destroyed 
or inaccessible. Thirty missile sites along the Strait of Hormuz are 
still operational.
  Military intelligence Agencies have also reported that Iran has 
regained access to 90 percent of the underground missile storage that 
we have hit. Iran still has their missiles. They still have their 
drones. They are rebuilding capacity. We have utterly failed at 
destroying Iran's military capabilities, and there is no path to 
success in this war aim.
  Finally, the third goal: Eliminate Iran's nuclear program and ensure 
that they can never acquire a nuclear weapon.

[[Page S4246]]

  This is, of course, a goal that has been shared by Republicans and 
Democrats, and, as Trump has said, this is the only thing that matters.
  Secretary Hegseth reiterated several times at the hearing yesterday 
that the primary objective of the war is now to make sure that Iran 
doesn't have a nuclear weapon. But let's just be clear about the facts. 
According to the IAEA, Iran still has a stockpile of about 970 pounds 
of highly enriched uranium. That stockpile still exists in the country. 
Reports suggest that they have moved their highly advanced centrifuges 
to a place called Pickaxe Mountain and buried them so deep that no 
airstrike can impact them.
  Most importantly, because Donald Trump pulled out of the previous 
nuclear agreement which had frozen Iran's nuclear research program, 
Iran has gained the knowledge to enrich uranium up to 60 percent, which 
everybody knows is effectively weapons-grade. And there is no military 
strike that can erase that fact. This is a reality that Donald Trump 
created.
  Now, Trump's theory is that this military campaign is going to push 
Iran to the negotiating table and that the result will be a deal--a 
nuclear deal--that is better than the one that Iran signed. But this is 
fantasy. There is no world in which Iran, after this war, agrees to 
more than they agreed to in the JCPOA. And you just can't avoid the 
facts here. The primary reason is that we will have less leverage in 
these negotiations than the Obama administration had.
  Why is that? One, this regime is harder line, less willing to 
negotiate and compromise than the administration Obama was negotiating 
with. Second, there is no fear of U.S. airstrikes. That was always a 
sword of Damocles hovering over the negotiations during the Obama 
administration. Now Iran knows that they can survive, the regime can 
survive America's best shot. Our military leverage is just much weaker. 
Our primary leverage that we had during the Obama administration--the 
removal of oil sanctions--will not be available to us in these 
negotiations because we have already demonstrated that those sanctions 
will be released just to get Iran to reopen the strait.
  So we won't have the military leverage. We won't have the oil 
sanctions leverage. We will be dealing with a regime that is harder 
line than the one we were dealing with prior. There is no world in 
which, at the end of this conflict, we are getting a better nuclear 
agreement than the one that Trump left.
  Billions of dollars wasted; 18 Americans dead; thousands of civilians 
and children in the Middle East killed; our military stockpile is 
dangerously depleted; new wars in the region breaking out by the week; 
the Strait of Hormuz and possibly the Red Sea now closed, controlled by 
our enemies; gas prices skyrocketing; the global economy melting down--
all of this, for what? Nothing. Not a single war objective achieved. 
Not a viable path to achieve any of them in the coming months.
  This war was a mistake from the start. Everyone except for Donald 
Trump knew it would be a disaster. It is a disaster, and we have a 
chance today to vote to end it.
  I yield the floor.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from North Dakota.


                   Nomination of Daniel Mack Traynor

  Mr. HOEVEN. Mr. President, I rise today in support of Judge Daniel 
Traynor's nomination to serve on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 
Eighth Circuit.
  Judge Traynor is seeking to fill a seat being vacated by Judge Ralph 
Erickson, who will be taking senior status upon Judge Traynor's 
confirmation. I want to take this opportunity to thank Judge Erickson 
for his many years of serving on the bench. Whether at the State 
district court, the Federal district court, or as a circuit court 
judge, Ralph Erickson has been a dedicated public servant, and we thank 
him for his hard work over the decades.
  I actually have known him since high school. He was on both the 
football team and the basketball team, and he is a huge guy. I remember 
he was a good lineman, and I remember that if he stood in the lane at 
basketball, you couldn't get anywhere near the basket. You had to kind 
of shoot a 3-pointer. A super guy, great sense of humor, good friend.
  We will miss Ralph in terms of his full-time status, but the good 
news is, he will be on senior status and still involved. He is just a 
tremendous judge, and I am very confident that Judge Traynor will do a 
fantastic job carrying on his legacy.
  Today, I have the privilege of supporting a nominee in Judge Traynor 
who embodies the highest standards of judicial service and who has 
dedicated his professional life to upholding the rule of law. Judge 
Traynor is a man of integrity, intellect, and deep faith in our 
constitutional system. He has earned a reputation as a thoughtful and 
fair jurist whose commitment to justice is respected by those who know 
him and those who have appeared before him.
  Judge Traynor is a lifelong North Dakotan through and through. He was 
born in Devils Lake, ND. He received his bachelor of arts from the 
University of North Dakota and his juris doctorate from the University 
of North Dakota School of Law.

  Judge Traynor's roots in our State have shaped his understanding of 
the law's impact on individuals, on families, on businesses, and on our 
rural communities. Throughout his career, Judge Traynor has 
demonstrated an unwavering commitment to public service and to the 
faithful application of the law.
  Since his confirmation to serve as judge for the U.S. District Court 
for the District of North Dakota, Judge Traynor has distinguished 
himself through his diligence, impartiality, and careful attention to 
the facts and law before him. His judicial record reflects a deep 
respect for the Constitution and appreciation for the limited role of 
the judiciary and a commitment to deciding cases based on the law 
rather than on his personal opinion or policies.
  The Eighth Circuit plays a critical role in interpreting and applying 
Federal law throughout our region of the country. The citizens it 
serves deserve a judge who approaches that responsibility with 
independence, impartiality, and fidelity to the Constitution and the 
rule of law. Judge Traynor possesses each of these qualities. He does 
not legislate from the bench.
  Beyond his professional accomplishments, Judge Traynor is a devoted 
husband, father, and member of his community. His wife Patricia, a 
retired lieutenant colonel in the U.S. Air Force, along with their 
three children--Mary, Mack, and Joe--are rightfully proud of what Judge 
Traynor has accomplished. He understands the values of hard work, 
service, and responsibility that are central to the people of North 
Dakota and the Eighth Circuit.
  I am proud to support his nomination. I am confident that he will 
serve with distinction on the court of appeals. For all these reasons, 
I call on my colleagues to join me in supporting his nomination.
  With that, Mr. President, I yield the floor.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Maryland.

                          ____________________