[Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 114 (Tuesday, July 14, 2026)]
[House]
[Pages H4445-H4451]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




                    SUNSHINE PROTECTION ACT OF 2025

  Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Speaker, pursuant to House Resolution 1423, I call 
up the bill (H.R. 139) to make daylight savings time permanent, and for 
other purposes, and ask for its immediate consideration.
  The Clerk read the title of the bill.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to House Resolution 1423, the bill 
is considered read.
  The text of the bill is as follows:


 =========================== NOTE =========================== 

  
  On July 14, 2026, page H4445, in the third column, the following 
appeared: Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Speaker, I move to suspend the rules 
and pass the bill (H.R. 139) to make daylight savings time 
permanent, and for other purposes. The Clerk read the title of the 
bill. The text of the bill is as follows:
  
  The online version has been corrected to read: Mr. BILIRAKIS. 
Mr. Speaker, pursuant to House Resolution 1423, I call up the bill 
(H.R. 139) to make daylight savings time permanent, and for other 
purposes, and ask for its immediate consideration. The Clerk read 
the title of the bill. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to House 
Resolution 1423, the bill is considered read. The text of the bill 
is as follows:


 ========================= END NOTE ========================= 


                                H.R. 139

       Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 
     the United States of America in Congress assembled,

     SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

       This Act may be cited as the ``Sunshine Protection Act of 
     2025''.

     SEC. 2. MAKING DAYLIGHT SAVINGS TIME PERMANENT.

       (a) Repeal of Temporary Period for Daylight Savings Time.--
     Section 3 of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15 U.S.C. 260a) is 
     hereby repealed.
       (b) Advancement of Standard Time.--
       (1) In general.--The second sentence of subsection (a) of 
     section 1 of the Act of March 19, 1918 (commonly known as the 
     ``Calder Act'') (15 U.S.C. 261), is amended--
       (A) by striking ``4 hours'' and inserting ``3 hours'';
       (B) by striking ``5 hours'' and inserting ``4 hours'';
       (C) by striking ``6 hours'' and inserting ``5 hours'';
       (D) by striking ``7 hours'' and inserting ``6 hours'';
       (E) by striking ``8 hours'' and inserting ``by 7 hours'';
       (F) by striking ``9 hours'' and inserting ``8 hours'';

[[Page H4446]]

       (G) by striking ``10 hours;'' and inserting ``9 hours;'';
       (H) by striking ``11 hours'' and inserting ``10 hours''; 
     and
       (I) by striking ``10 hours.'' and inserting ``11 hours.''.
       (2) State exemption.--Such section is further amended by--
       (A) redesignating subsection (b) as subsection (c); and
       (B) inserting after subsection (a) the following:
       ``(b) Standard Time for Certain States and Areas.--The 
     standard time for a State that has exempted itself from the 
     provisions of section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 
     (15 U.S.C. 260a(a)), as in effect on the day before the date 
     of the enactment of the Sunshine Protection Act of 2025, 
     pursuant to such section, or an area of a State that has 
     exempted such area from such provisions pursuant to such 
     section, shall be, as such State considers appropriate--
       ``(1) the standard time for such State or area, as the case 
     may be, pursuant to subsection (a) of this section; or
       ``(2) the standard time for such State or area, as the case 
     may be, pursuant to subsection (a) of this section as it was 
     in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of the 
     Sunshine Protection Act of 2025.''.
       (3) Conforming amendment.--Such section is further amended, 
     in the second sentence of subsection (a), by striking 
     ``Except as provided in section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act 
     of 1966 (15 U.S.C. 260a),'' and inserting ``Except as 
     provided in subsection (b),''.

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The bill shall be debatable for 1 hour 
equally divided and controlled by the chair and ranking minority member 
of the Committee on Energy and Commerce or their respective designees.
  The gentleman from Florida (Mr. Bilirakis) and the gentleman from New 
Jersey (Mr. Pallone) each will control 30 minutes.
  The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Florida (Mr. Bilirakis).


 =========================== NOTE =========================== 

  
  On July 14, 2026, page H4446, in the first column, the following 
appeared: The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to the rule, the 
gentleman from Florida (Mr. BILIRAKIS) and the gentleman from New 
Jersey (Mr. PALLONE) each will control 20 minutes. The Chair 
recognizes the gentleman from Florida.
  
  The online version has been corrected to read: The SPEAKER pro 
tempore. The bill shall be debatable for 1 hour equally divided 
and controlled by the chair and ranking minority member of the 
Committee on Energy and Commerce or their respective designees. 
The gentleman from Florida (Mr. Bilirakis) and the gentleman from 
New Jersey (Mr. Pallone) each will control 30 minutes. The Chair 
recognizes the gentleman from Florida (Mr. Bilirakis).


 ========================= END NOTE ========================= 


                             General Leave

  Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that all Members 
may have 5 legislative days to revise and extend their remarks and 
insert extraneous material on H.R. 139.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the 
gentleman from Florida?
  There was no objection.

                              {time}  1600

  Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise today in strong support of the Sunshine 
Protection Act. This important legislation will finally end the 
outdated practice of changing our clocks twice a year and establish 
permanent daylight saving time.
  For decades, Mr. Speaker, Americans have been asking a simple 
question: Why are we forcing families, businesses, and communities to 
adjust their schedules every spring and fall? The twice-yearly clock 
change is a relic of the past that no longer reflects the way Americans 
live, work, and conduct business in the 21st century.
  Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from Florida (Mr. Buchanan), the 
lead sponsor and my good friend, for working so hard on this 
legislation for quite a few years. It is finally coming to fruition. I 
know it is very important that we pass this bill.
  In Florida, Mr. Speaker, this issue is especially important. Our 
State is home to families, retirees, small businesses, and industries 
that depend on predictable schedules and the ability to make the most 
of every single day. Floridians have made it clear that they are ready 
to ditch the switch.
  Mr. Speaker, I thank the President of the United States, Donald J. 
Trump, for his strong support of this bill.
  Changing the clocks twice a year creates unnecessary disruption. I 
know you agree, Mr. Speaker. It affects sleep patterns, impacts family 
routines, creates confusion for businesses, and requires everyone--from 
parents and students to employers and employees and even our pets--to 
adjust their schedules for no meaningful benefit. After years of study 
and discussion, it is clear that Americans value consistency and 
certainty.
  Establishing permanent daylight saving time would provide families 
with more usable daylight hours in the evening, giving people 
additional opportunities to spend time outdoors, support local 
businesses, participate in community activities, and enjoy the quality 
of life that makes our communities so special.
  Mr. Speaker, I will add this: This is great for our kids. I want, and 
I know most parents want, kids to be outdoors now more than ever. The 
physical activity means so very much.
  For small businesses, particularly those in tourism, hospitality, and 
recreation, as I said, additional evening daylight can help drive 
economic activity and create more opportunities to serve customers.
  In a State like Florida, my home State of Florida, where tourism is a 
cornerstone of our economy, having more predictable daylight hours is a 
practical improvement that benefits workers, businesses, and visitors 
alike.
  This legislation is also about listening to the American people. Year 
after year, Mr. Speaker, polls show strong support for ending the 
outdated clock change. Families do not want another disruption to their 
routines. Businesses do not want unnecessary uncertainty. Americans 
want a commonsense solution. That is exactly what this bill provides, 
and I have spoken to thousands of constituents on this particular bill, 
Mr. Speaker, and they agree. They want permanent daylight saving time.
  I am proud that this effort has received bipartisan support because 
this is not about politics. It is about practicality. Again, the 
ranking member of the full committee, Mr. Pallone, I know strongly 
supports this bill, and he will have time to say that. It is about 
recognizing, Mr. Speaker, that our laws should keep pace with the needs 
of the people who we represent.
  Today, we have an opportunity to take a meaningful step toward 
delivering something Americans have been asking for: consistency, 
convenience, and a better way to manage their time.
  The American people are long past ready to ditch the switch. I urge 
my colleagues to join me in supporting this critical piece of 
legislation and sending it over to the Senate, and I know the President 
will sign it. I know he is a strong backer, and I appreciate his 
support again.
  Finally, Congress needs to bring an end to the twice-yearly clock 
change.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise today in strong support of the Sunshine 
Protection Act.
  This act addresses an issue on which many Americans actually agree, 
and that is stopping the biannual process of changing our clocks.
  Only 12 percent of Americans prefer to switch their clocks twice a 
year. Far more Americans recognize that the practice is inconvenient 
and, frankly, disruptive.
  Stopping the twice-yearly time change benefits the health and well-
being of all Americans. The time change inevitably disrupts sleep 
patterns and is especially disruptive to the sleep of young children 
and pets.
  Time change also is associated with an increase in the rate of heart 
attacks and strokes in the days immediately following the change. 
Disturbingly, studies have shown that the increase in stroke rates 
after the time change is even higher for some of our most vulnerable 
populations. For example, cancer patients' stroke rates increase by 25 
percent, and people over the age of 65 are 20 percent more likely to 
have a stroke in the days following the time change.
  The Sunshine Protection Act would implement permanent daylight saving 
time and stop the twice-a-year change that disrupts our sleep and our 
health.
  Taking this action will increase the sunshine hours in the evening, 
allowing many Americans to leave work for more sunlight in the winter 
months, not darkness. The increased evening sunlight will also provide 
a needed boost to our tourism industry. Extra sunlight means more time 
at the beach, more time eating out at restaurants, and more time doing 
outdoor leisure activities.
  In my district along the Jersey Shore, tourists can enjoy beautiful 
coastal areas with serene beaches, embark on fishing ventures along the 
Atlantic Coast, enjoy a nice outdoor concert from iconic musicians in 
places like Asbury Park, and so much more. Last year alone, New Jersey 
welcomed more than 120 million visitors to our State, and they 
contributed more than $50 billion to our State's economy.

  Our tourism industry needs the boost today more than ever. The Trump 
administration's policies, including high visa fees and the detention 
and harassment of legal tourists, have discouraged travelers from 
visiting our country because they simply do not feel welcome.
  Meanwhile, Americans are facing an affordability crisis, forcing 
families to

[[Page H4447]]

make difficult tradeoffs, including forgoing summer travel. For 
communities like mine that rely on tourism for our local economies, an 
extra hour of daylight can make all the difference.
  Extra daylight also helps to deter crime. Researchers at the 
Brookings Institution found that criminal incidents decreased during an 
hour of sunlight added to the evening following the springtime change. 
Making that extra sunlight permanent will help keep our communities 
safer.
  All of these benefits clearly explain why 19 States have already 
voted to adopt permanent daylight saving time if Federal law changed 
because, right now, it doesn't allow them to do that. These States 
recognize the benefits, and it is time that Congress allows them to 
reap those benefits.
  For States that have already chosen to follow permanent standard time 
due to the unique needs of their climate or location--and that includes 
Arizona and Hawaii--under this bill, they can continue to do so. Other 
States are allowed under the legislation to adopt permanent standard 
time prior to the bill's enactment.
  Ultimately, the benefits of stopping the biannual changing of the 
clocks are numerous and clear. Moving to permanent daylight saving time 
will bring much-needed evening sunlight to communities across the 
United States.
  It is time we finally end the process of springing forward and 
falling back. I urge my colleagues to support the Sunshine Protection 
Act, and I reserve the balance of my time, Mr. Speaker.
  Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as she may consume to 
the gentlewoman from Florida (Mrs. Cammack), my good friend and fellow 
Florida Gator.
  Mrs. CAMMACK. Mr. Speaker, I thank the chairman for yielding me time.
  Mr. Speaker, today, I rise in strong support for H.R. 139, the 
Sunshine Protection Act, introduced by my friend and fellow Floridian, 
Congressman Vern Buchanan.
  This is one of those issues that has been highlighted here today that 
brings us together as Americans, regardless of party, no matter where 
you are. Everyone always asks the same question every year because we 
are all equally annoyed: Why in the heck are we still changing our 
clocks?
  For decades, we have accepted this ritual of springing forward and 
falling back, even though it disrupts routines, throws off our sleep, 
and creates unnecessary frustration for families across the country.
  I will say, Mr. Speaker, it was always a nuisance, but as a new mom 
with an infant child getting the baby on a sleep schedule--and all the 
moms and dads of infants know what I am talking about. You get your 
schedule going, and then you have to spring forward or fall back, and 
then you start cussing the dang time changes.

                              {time}  1610

  This is personal at this point. It is time we stop changing the 
clocks and we start using some common sense.
  Mr. Speaker, there are lots of Floridians here in the Chamber 
supporting this bill because, as Floridians--we are The Sunshine 
State--we value sunshine.
  It is critical that we do this because we all know very closely and 
firsthand that our communities thrive when our families have more 
daylight after work and after school. That extra hour means more Little 
League games, more evenings at local parks, more dinners at outdoor 
patios and restaurants, more customers walking through the doors of all 
of our mom-and-pop businesses, and more time for families to simply 
enjoy being together.
  Again, as a Floridian, it is hot in the middle of the day in the 
summer. It gets nice in Florida in the afternoons and evenings. It 
would be nice for us to enjoy a little bit more time. I know I am 
making this about Florida, but I am just being honest: 
#MakeAmericaFlorida.
  For a State like Florida that welcomes millions of visitors every 
single year, more daylight in the evening means more opportunities. 
This legislation does exactly what Americans have been asking Congress 
to do not just for years but decades: End outdated practices of 
changing our clocks twice a year by making daylight saving time 
permanent.
  It also respects the choices of States that have already opted out of 
daylight saving time under current law. Let's be honest. There are very 
few things that everyone agrees on these days, but whether you are a 
parent, like me, trying to get your kids to sleep or get your kids out 
the door for school, or you are a small business owner, a farmer, a 
first responder, or someone who just wants one less thing to worry 
about, changing the clocks twice a year is a hassle that most Americans 
are ready to leave behind.
  We all have heard the studies here in the debate today about the real 
benefits to ending these biannual clock changes. The research has 
suggested that eliminating the time changes improves public safety. As 
the wife of a first responder, I very much appreciate that. It reduces 
disruptions to sleep and could even provide energy savings.
  This bill doesn't create any new Federal bureaucracies. It doesn't 
grow the size of government, and it doesn't impose costly new 
regulations. Instead, it simplifies life. It will be one less thing for 
the American people to worry about.
  Sometimes the best thing in Congress that we can do is remove 
unnecessary burdens that no longer serve its purposes. That is exactly 
what we are doing here today.
  Mr. Speaker, this is a practical, bipartisan solution whose time, pun 
intended, has come. Let's stop asking Americans to reset their clocks 
every March and November. Let's provide some certainty and consistency 
and a little more sunshine at the end of the day.
  Mr. Speaker, I urge all of my colleagues to support H.R. 139, the 
Sunshine Protection Act. I thank my friend and colleague, Congressman 
Vern Buchanan, for his efforts in advancing this and making this a real 
change that every American can get behind.
  Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, I yield 5 minutes to the gentleman from 
Florida (Mr. Soto), a member of our committee.
  Mr. SOTO. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from New Jersey for 
yielding me time.
  Mr. Speaker, I want to start with a little history lesson. Back in 
2013, this was my bill. I wrote this bill. I thought it was a pretty 
good name, the Sunshine Protection Act, back in the day. It was for 
good reason.
  I had gotten to the State senate. In the State House, you can only 
file a certain number of bills, but once we got to the State senate, I 
really got jelling on coming up with ideas that would help our State. 
Up until that point, every idea on trying to stop the clock change was 
going to standard time.
  No one likes standard time. It is darkness in the wintertime, and so 
we, as The Sunshine State--a lot of Floridians here--and coastal New 
Jerseyans and others here from Louisiana, we like the sunshine. It made 
far more sense to keep daylight saving time, which is the 8 months out 
of the year that we have light in the afternoons and evenings.
  I filed that bill without a press release back in 2013. It became 
statewide news. For 4 years straight, every time this bill came up, it 
was the most viewed bill in the Florida Senate for 4 years straight.
  I will say that I never got a chance to pass that bill out of the 
Florida Legislature, although I know some of my colleagues who are here 
today ended up doing it after I was gone. It is one of the burdens of 
being a Democrat in a Republican-dominated legislature.
  Mr. Speaker, here we are many years later, 13 years later, and an 
idea that I got to write many years ago now is being led by great 
leaders like Vern Buchanan--I am a proud cosponsor of this--and Gus 
Bilirakis, a great Floridians whom I enjoy working with, and, of 
course, Frank Pallone, our ranking member.
  There is a reason this bill was so popular for so long. Small 
businesses like it because people, after work, go out to businesses and 
get to have fun. Beach communities like it. With that one extra hour of 
sunshine, kids can go out and play after school.
  We saw that people are sick of the changing of the clocks. Also, the 
local farmer doesn't need Big Government to tell them what time to wake 
up in the morning. They know what time they

[[Page H4448]]

want to wake up, no matter what, so that change isn't going to affect 
them at all.
  Then I encourage schools and educational institutions around the 
Nation, to adjust school start times based upon what they think is best 
to keep kids safe.
  At the end of the day, we have talked about how it is good for 
business, good for recreation, and good to help out with making sure 
that we don't have this public health issue every time we are changing 
the clocks back and forth. It is finally time to bring sunshine 
across the Nation, and I urge my colleagues to support this amazing 
Sunshine Protection Act.

  Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to 
the gentleman from Florida (Mr. Buchanan), the original sponsor of the 
bill here in the House of Representatives and my good friend. I thank 
the gentleman for his persistency all these years, along with the 
former Senator Rubio, who is now our Secretary of State. This has 
always been a priority for both of them.
  Mr. BUCHANAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in strong support of my bill, 
the Sunshine Protection Act, which would make daylight saving time 
permanent and finally end the biannual clock switch.
  Twice a year, Americans are forced to change their clocks. These 
changes disrupt their schedule for no good reason. The outdated 
practice is frustrating for families, workers, schools, and small 
businesses across the country.
  Let me just tell you, as someone who has been in business for 30 
years, this is gigantic, especially for the small business person. That 
additional hour a day, at least in Florida but across the country, 
makes a big difference in terms of doing business. Ideally, it helps 
not just small businesses, but small businesses create most of the jobs 
in Florida, as well. It is key to both.
  Polling shows that two-thirds of Americans want to unlock the clock. 
My bill is simply a solution to make daylight saving time permanent. 
Allowing an extra hour of sunlight in the evening gives families more 
time for outside sports, activities, and school. It stimulates small 
business and, as I said, job creation; retail tourism; and provides 
more time for youth sports and outside recreation.
  Let me just tell you: You see a lot of kids today. The number is 20 
percent of children who are obese. They need to be out more. This will 
make a difference for them.
  There are also significant health benefits associated with DST that 
would prevent over 200,000 cases of stroke per year. It would make a 
big difference, as well, for nearly 2 million people in terms of 
obesity.
  Importantly, this bill allows States to opt out in favor of standard 
time if that is important to them. Nineteen States have passed the 
deadline for this.
  Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to support this legislation.
  Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from 
Louisiana (Mr. Carter), another member of our committee.
  Mr. CARTER of Louisiana. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of H.R. 
139, the Sunshine Protection Act.
  Twice a year, Americans lose sleep, disrupt their routines, and pay 
the price for a practice that has outlived its original purpose.
  H.R. 139, the Sunshine Protection Act, ends that twice-yearly clock 
change and makes daylight saving time permanent year round.
  Research shows that eliminating the biannual switch reduces the spike 
in heart attacks, strokes, and workplace accidents that follow the 
spring-forward transition. Ending the clock change also means fewer 
disruptions to sleep patterns tied to that adjustment period.

                              {time}  1620

  On the safety side, permanent evening daylight means more daylight 
during peak commuting and after-school hours, leading to fewer 
pedestrian and traffic fatalities in the evening.
  As with many other policies, the impacts are more dramatic for our 
less affluent neighbors. Hourly workers, shift workers, and families 
relying on public transit are hit hardest by sudden schedule changes 
and reduced evening visibility.
  More evening daylight reduces the need for artificial lighting and 
heating in the early evening hours, which can help lower household 
energy use and utility bills.
  For Louisiana families, many of whom work in agriculture, fishing, 
and outdoor industries tied to the Gulf Coast, permanent daylight 
saving time would mean more usable evening daylight for safer work 
conditions, recreation, and valuable time with their families.
  The American Farm Bureau Federation supports the Sunshine Protection 
Act because it would provide consistency and reduce disruptions for 
farmers and ranchers. A stable, year-round time system makes it easier 
to plan work, transportation, and market schedules. For agriculture, 
ending a twice-yearly change means fewer disruptions to the schedule 
that livestock and labor already depend on.
  H.R. 139 offers a simple, permanent fix: no more clock changes, more 
usable evening daylight, and a system that works better for working 
families, rural communities, and American agriculture.
  Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to 
the gentleman from Florida (Mr. Steube), a fellow Florida Gator.
  Mr. STEUBE. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in strong support of H.R. 139, 
the Sunshine Protection Act.
  For me, this vote has been nearly a decade in the making. In 2018, at 
the Braden River Barber Shop shortly after we turned back the clocks to 
standard time, everyone was complaining about the change. Kids are not 
waking up on time. Everyone is tired. There is a rise in health-related 
issues. Nobody is able to enjoy activities in the evening. The list 
went on and on.
  The question was: Why are we still changing the clocks? As a State 
senator in Florida at the time, everyone looked at me and asked if we 
could do something about it, so we did.
  That one conversation led to me introducing a bill in the Florida 
State Senate also called the Sunshine Protection Act. I didn't know 
that my friend Mr. Soto had filed it before then, so I was happy to 
carry on the tradition.
  The idea was pretty simple. Florida is the Sunshine State. We should 
not be forced to change our clocks twice a year and lose an hour of 
usable daylight in the evening simply because of outdated Federal law.
  That legislation received overwhelming bipartisan support in 
Tallahassee. In 2018, the Florida Legislature passed the Sunshine 
Protection Act, and Governor Rick Scott signed it into law. There was a 
catch. Florida could not actually implement the law until Congress 
acted.
  The bill's success at the State level led to Congressman Vern 
Buchanan introducing the Federal version of the Sunshine Protection Act 
and introducing it year after year, never relenting in pushing for its 
passage. The Senate even passed the legislation unanimously in 2022, 
yet the House never gave it a vote.
  When I came to Congress in 2019, I continued to fight to make 
permanent daylight saving time a reality. Today, Mr. Speaker, after 
nearly a decade of many people working on this issue, we finally have 
this opportunity.
  Americans should never again have to participate in this outdated 
ritual of turning the clocks back and forth, as we can end the 
disruption that comes every spring and every fall when the Federal 
Government tells hundreds of millions of Americans to change their 
clocks.
  Mr. Speaker, 19 States have already acted to support year-round 
daylight saving time once Congress allows them to do so. Florida has 
been waiting since 2018.
  Why should we make the change? The consensus that day at the 
barbershop was clear for Americans. It is unhealthy and difficult on 
families with young children. Kids should have more daylight after 
school to play sports and be outside. Floridians should have more time 
to enjoy our beaches, our parks, and the outdoors. Small businesses, 
restaurants, and communities benefit when Americans have more usable 
daylight in the evening.
  Today, we have an opportunity to finally fix it.

[[Page H4449]]

  Mr. Speaker, I thank my fellow Floridian, Congressman Vern Buchanan, 
for his leadership on H.R. 139 and for his years of work on this issue.
  Mr. Speaker, it is time to lock the clock. It is time to make 
daylight saving time permanent. It is time for Congress to finally pass 
the Sunshine Protection Act. I urge my colleagues to vote ``yes.''
  Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the gentlewoman from 
Pennsylvania (Ms. Dean).
  Ms. DEAN of Pennsylvania. Mr. Speaker, I thank Ranking Member Pallone 
for this opportunity to talk about the Sunshine Protection Act. I rise 
in opposition to the bill and the danger it poses to our health and 
safety.
  This bill, sadly, is being rushed to the floor as a political 
bargaining chip without thorough consideration of the impacts, and we 
have been here before.
  Permanent time is a national decision with implications for every 
aspect of our health and economy. It deserves a robust, thoughtful 
debate and an amendment process that allows Members to test each 
provision of the bill.
  For example, we should be able to test the provision that eliminates 
a State's right to opt out of daylight saving time or the decision to 
``stop the clock'' on daylight saving time in the first place.
  I hear broad agreement in this Chamber and beyond that the twice-
yearly time changes have acute health consequences, but I want to talk 
about the chronic long-term impacts of this bill's late winter sunrise.
  Early morning light is an important environmental cue to set our 
bodies' internal clocks and promote alertness, and dim evening light 
tells our bodies that it is time to sleep.

  We function best, scientists tell us, on a physical, mental, and 
social level when our bodies, the Sun, and the clock on the wall are 
all aligned.
  Kids perform better at school. Workers are more alert. That is why we 
observe standard time in the winter months and why we should at least 
consider observing it year-round.
  The American Medical Association, American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 
National Sleep Foundation, and dozens of other societies tell us that 
if we stop the clock, permanent standard time is a healthier choice--
permanent standard time.
  That is not the debate before us. We have been here before. In 1974, 
children died as a result of a permanent daylight saving time attempt 
or trial when they were trying to go to school in the dark for hours. 
In 1974, this was revoked.
  More than that, we aren't voting on bills right now that would reduce 
the sky-high costs of food, fuel, and healthcare or address the 
President's war in Iran. Instead, we are considering a bill that was 
deadly and dangerous in the past, in the seventies, that we learned 
from. I hope we don't have to learn that lesson again.
  Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to vote ``no'' on this bill.
  Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume.
  I want to add that the substance of this bill was heard in the Energy 
and Commerce Committee recently and placed into the surface 
transportation bill. It does have bipartisan support. Also, if you want 
your standard time under this bill, you can keep your standard time.
  Mr. Speaker, 19 States, again, have passed legislation for permanent 
daylight saving time.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to the gentleman 
from Texas (Mr. Sessions), my good friend.
  Mr. SESSIONS. Mr. Speaker, I thank Mr. Bilirakis and the Energy and 
Commerce Committee for bringing this bill forward.
  My dear friend, the gentleman from Florida, Vern Buchanan, years ago 
began this process, understanding that it was more than just an issue 
that Congress would deal with. It is also an issue that is called 
spring forward, fall back.
  You fall back as we get to October, and that means you lose the time, 
the light that you had all this time. Spring forward is always seen by 
the American people--and if you serve for Roger Williams and the 
Republican congressional baseball team--as an opportunity for you to be 
able to see for the first time in the light what the day is going to 
look like to catch a fly ball.
  The bottom line to this whole thing is spring forward, fall back is 
something that impacts every single American. It impacts people when 
they go to work. It impacts people as they try to find time to play 
with their children at night--just a little bit extra time. It helps 
people who have retinal or eye issues to be able to see more clearly 
for longer from the time they get up until the time they work their way 
home, perhaps after work.
  It is no wonder that spring forward, fall back is something that the 
American people are asking Congress to please standardize and give them 
more light and opportunity. Spring forward, fall back is an opportunity 
for the American people to have more time in the light of day to not 
only live their lives but to accomplish those things, rather than being 
in the dark.

                              {time}  1630

  Mr. Speaker, I will tell you that what this does is it makes it 
standard across the country, and it does. I think that puts us all with 
the same opportunity, and that is what the American people want.
  I couldn't exactly say it because I didn't want to say it wrong, but 
``spring forward, fall back'' is a commonsense opportunity that every 
single person knows and understands because as we now have enjoyed our 
spring forward, if we pass this, we do not have to change it to fall 
back, to fall back to darkness, to fall back to change.
  Lastly, it impacts my staff greatly and anyone on Capitol Hill 
because we are very acutely aware that when we get off work, like 
hundreds of millions of Americans, they go home in the dark. It means 
that people go into parking lots in the dark. It means that people go 
and perhaps walk home or drive in the dark at a time when it would be a 
safety factor.
  There are, of course, those who do not want this. That really does 
not bother me. For us to address this with fear rather than knowing 
that the American people want this is the issue about what drives me to 
be here.
  It is big in Texas because we spend a lot of time outside. I want to 
reiterate to the American people: We are listening. It is something we 
have taken up for a long time. Finally, Vern Buchanan and the Energy 
and Commerce Committee have brought this bill to us.
  I am very pleased to say I will be an ``aye'' vote. I hope that my 
colleagues will be the same.
  Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
  Mr. Speaker, I just want to address the issue that was mentioned that 
in 1974 Congress voted to move to permanent daylight savings time and 
then reversed that decision.
  I think that 50 years later, things are different. First of all, in 
the 1970s, when that was the case, things have changed in the sense 
that schools have pushed start times later in many districts, including 
in my district and dramatically fewer kids walk to school. Also, remote 
and hybrid work has had significant impact on Americans' commuting 
patterns. Things are not the same today as they were in the 1970s in 
terms of what people did and how they worked and how they went to 
school.
  Passing this bill now also in the peak summer months gives everyone--
and that is schools, workplaces, transit systems--time to plan for this 
change well in advance of the darkest winter months, and I think that 
is important also. I am also confident that we are setting ourselves up 
to succeed this time around so Americans can reap the benefits of 
eliminating the time change.
  Again, it is the time change that really is the problem. Most of us, 
whether you are for permanent daylight savings time or permanent 
standard time, don't want to see the switching back and forth.
  I urge my colleagues to support this bill, and, again, I reserve the 
balance of my time, Mr. Speaker.
  Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to 
the gentleman from Kentucky (Mr. Guthrie), our good chairman of the 
Energy and Commerce Committee, who led this through the committee. We 
appreciate him so very much.
  Mr. GUTHRIE. Mr. Speaker, I appreciate my friend from Florida 
yielding. It is fun today because I have my friend from Florida 
controlling time. I

[[Page H4450]]

have another friend from Florida (Mr. Soto) speaking for the bill, and 
we have the sponsor from Florida. I will say also to the American 
people, Mr. Speaker, through you, that a very famous resident of 
Florida mentioned this to me in the Oval Office a few weeks ago, so I 
know there is strong support.
  It is actually called the Sunshine Protection Act, and the reason is 
people like the longer daylight hours. They like daylight even in the 
wintertime. I live on the very eastern end of central time. My district 
is split almost down the middle. I represent people who are on the very 
western end of eastern time, and I live on the very eastern end of 
central time. It does get dark at approximately 4:30 in the afternoon 
where I live.
  People want more time, and they want more daylight. The thing is that 
they just don't want to have to change their clocks. As my friend from 
New Jersey talked about, in 1974, we did vote to change. It was because 
of the energy crisis going on when I was a kid. They changed it in the 
middle of winter. It created all kinds of disturbance.
  What we have done with this bill is let people know ahead of time, 
you are not going to have to change your clock. We have General 
Assemblies that can lock in which time they want. We all know that 
Arizona and Hawaii stay on standard time. They will stay on standard 
time if their General Assembly so chooses. Any other State has the 
opportunity, whether they are in session or not.
  There is always a provision. I know in Kentucky they are not in 
session, but there is a provision that if Kentucky wants to stay on 
standard time, the Governor can call them into session and do so. I 
don't think they are going to do that. We have given States 
flexibility, but we have given our country consistency.
  I really appreciate the gentleman from Florida (Mr. Buchanan) for 
working hard on this bill. I believe it is the right time to do it, so 
I encourage my colleagues to support H.R. 139, the Sunshine Protection 
Act, and I believe it will be good for the American people.
  Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, I just wanted to really stress, again, why 
I think that the status quo is bad. I mean, obviously, some people 
here--I think a majority--would like to see a permanent daylight 
savings time and some who I think are in the minority would like to see 
a permanent standard time.
  However, the bottom line is we just can't continue the status quo, 
Mr. Speaker, because the science and research really is clear. It shows 
that springing forward and falling back twice a year is harmful to our 
health. It makes Americans less safe, and it is very unpopular.
  Studies have shown increases, as I mentioned before, in heart attacks 
and strokes, mood and sleep disturbances, and hospital admissions in 
the days after a time change. Studies have also shown that increases in 
stroke rates with the time change are even higher for some of our most 
vulnerable populations, and that includes seniors, for example.

  The bottom line is, Americans' safety is put at greater risk in the 
days after a time change, and disrupting our sleep has been shown to 
lead to higher rates of fatal motor vehicle crashes, crimes like 
robbery and workplace injuries.
  Whether or not you agree what should be permanent, the bottom line is 
that sticking to the status quo and continuing to change our clocks is 
really the worst option. I am going to stand with the 56 percent of 
Americans in a recent poll who prefer a shift to permanent daylight 
savings time to give families more sunlight in the evening hours.
  I urge my colleagues to support this bill, and I yield back the 
balance of my time, Mr. Speaker.
  Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself the balance of my time to 
close.
  I just want to read off some of the 19 States that proactively passed 
laws to lock the clock: The great State of Texas, Oklahoma, Colorado, 
Alabama, Georgia, Minnesota, Mississippi, Montana, Idaho, Louisiana, 
South Carolina, Utah, Wyoming, Delaware, Maine, Oregon, Tennessee, 
Washington, and of course, the great State of Florida, so it is not a 
Florida conspiracy.
  Mr. Speaker, we want to give people an opportunity to go out in the 
sunshine, an extra hour a day. I am thinking, first of all, safety for 
our seniors, but also for our children. Our children are on these 
devices constantly, unfortunately. They should be given an opportunity 
to go out, and they should be encouraged to go out and play ball or 
whatever they would like to do with their friends.
  Mr. Speaker, I urge a strong, very strong vote in favor of this bill. 
I will tell you that it is very, very important that we get this done 
as soon as possible.
  In closing, I urge my colleagues to vote ``yes'' on H.R. 139, and I 
yield back the balance of my time.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Williams of Texas). All time for debate 
has expired.
  Pursuant to House Resolution 1423, the previous question is ordered 
on the bill.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the engrossment and third 
reading of the bill.
  The bill was ordered to be engrossed and read a third time, and was 
read the third time.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on passage of the bill.
  The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced that 
the ayes appeared to have it.
  Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and nays.
  The yeas and nays were ordered.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to clause 9 of rule XX, this 15-
minute vote on passage of the bill will be followed by 5-minute votes 
on:
  The motion to recommit on H.R. 1181; and
  Passage of H.R. 1181, if ordered.
  The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 308, 
nays 117, not voting 6, as follows:

                             [Roll No. 238]

                               YEAS--308

     Adams
     Aderholt
     Aguilar
     Alford
     Allen
     Amodei (NV)
     Arrington
     Babin
     Bacon
     Baird
     Balderson
     Barrett
     Baumgartner
     Bean (FL)
     Beatty
     Begich
     Bell
     Bentz
     Bera
     Bergman
     Bice
     Biggs (SC)
     Bilirakis
     Bishop
     Boebert
     Bost
     Boyle (PA)
     Brecheen
     Bresnahan
     Brown
     Brownley
     Buchanan
     Budzinski
     Burchett
     Burlison
     Calvert
     Cammack
     Carbajal
     Carey
     Carson
     Carter (GA)
     Carter (LA)
     Carter (TX)
     Casten
     Castro (TX)
     Ciscomani
     Cisneros
     Clark (MA)
     Cleaver
     Cline
     Cloud
     Clyde
     Cohen
     Cole
     Collins
     Comer
     Conaway
     Correa
     Costa
     Craig
     Crane
     Crank
     Crenshaw
     Crockett
     Cuellar
     Davidson
     Davis (IL)
     Davis (NC)
     De La Cruz
     DelBene
     DesJarlais
     Diaz-Balart
     Dingell
     Donalds
     Downing
     Dunn (FL)
     Edwards
     Elfreth
     Ellzey
     Emmer
     Estes
     Evans (CO)
     Evans (PA)
     Ezell
     Fallon
     Fedorchak
     Feenstra
     Figures
     Fine
     Finstad
     Fischbach
     Fitzgerald
     Fitzpatrick
     Fleischmann
     Fletcher
     Flood
     Fong
     Foster
     Foxx
     Franklin, Scott
     Friedman
     Fry
     Fulcher
     Fuller
     Gallagher
     Garamendi
     Garbarino
     Garcia (CA)
     Gill (TX)
     Gimenez
     Golden (ME)
     Goldman (NY)
     Goldman (TX)
     Gonzalez, V.
     Gooden
     Gottheimer
     Graves
     Gray
     Green, Al (TX)
     Griffith
     Guest
     Guthrie
     Hamadeh (AZ)
     Harder (CA)
     Haridopolos
     Harris (NC)
     Harshbarger
     Hern (OK)
     Higgins (LA)
     Hinson
     Houchin
     Houlahan
     Hudson
     Huffman
     Huizenga
     Hunt
     Hurd (CO)
     Issa
     Jack
     Jackson (TX)
     Jacobs
     Johnson (GA)
     Johnson (LA)
     Johnson (SD)
     Johnson (TX)
     Jordan
     Joyce (OH)
     Joyce (PA)
     Kaptur
     Keating
     Kelly (IL)
     Kelly (MS)
     Kelly (PA)
     Kennedy (NY)
     Kennedy (UT)
     Khanna
     Kiggans (VA)
     Kiley (CA)
     Kim
     Knott
     Kustoff
     LaHood
     LaLota
     Landsman
     Langworthy
     Latimer
     Latta
     Lee (FL)
     Letlow
     Levin
     Loudermilk
     Lucas
     Luna
     Luttrell
     Lynch
     Mackenzie
     Magaziner
     Malliotakis
     Maloy
     Mann
     Mannion
     Massie
     Mast
     Matsui
     McBath
     McBride
     McCaul
     McClain
     McClain Delaney
     McClintock
     McCormick
     McDowell
     McGovern
     McGuire
     McIver
     Meeks
     Mejia
     Menefee
     Menendez
     Messmer
     Meuser
     Mfume
     Miller (IL)
     Miller (OH)
     Miller (WV)
     Mills
     Min
     Moolenaar
     Moore (AL)
     Moore (NC)
     Moore (WV)
     Moran
     Moskowitz
     Moulton
     Mrvan
     Mullin
     Murphy
     Neal
     Nehls
     Norman
     Nunn (IA)
     Obernolte
     Ogles
     Olszewski
     Onder
     Owens
     Pallone
     Palmer
     Panetta
     Patronis
     Pelosi
     Perez
     Perry
     Peters
     Pettersen
     Pfluger
     Pingree
     Pou
     Randall
     Reschenthaler
     Rivas
     Rogers (AL)
     Rogers (KY)
     Rose
     Rouzer
     Ruiz
     Rulli
     Rutherford
     Ryan
     Salazar
     Sanchez
     Scalise
     Schakowsky
     Schmidt
     Schneider
     Scholten
     Schrier
     Schweikert

[[Page H4451]]


     Scott, Austin
     Sessions
     Sewell
     Sherman
     Shreve
     Simon
     Simpson
     Smith (MO)
     Smith (NE)
     Smucker
     Soto
     Spartz
     Stansbury
     Stauber
     Steube
     Strickland
     Strong
     Stutzman
     Subramanyam
     Suozzi
     Taylor
     Tenney
     Thanedar
     Thompson (CA)
     Thompson (PA)
     Tiffany
     Timmons
     Torres (CA)
     Trahan
     Tran
     Underwood
     Valadao
     Van Drew
     Van Duyne
     Van Epps
     Van Orden
     Vargas
     Vasquez
     Wagner
     Walberg
     Waters
     Weber (TX)
     Webster (FL)
     Whitesides
     Wied
     Williams (TX)
     Wilson (FL)
     Wilson (SC)
     Wittman
     Yakym

                               NAYS--117

     Amo
     Ansari
     Auchincloss
     Balint
     Barr
     Barragan
     Beyer
     Biggs (AZ)
     Bonamici
     Bynum
     Casar
     Case
     Castor (FL)
     Chu
     Clarke (NY)
     Clyburn
     Courtney
     Crawford
     Crow
     Davids (KS)
     Dean (PA)
     DeGette
     DeLauro
     Deluzio
     DeSaulnier
     Doggett
     Escobar
     Espaillat
     Foushee
     Frankel, Lois
     Frost
     Garcia (IL)
     Garcia (TX)
     Gillen
     Gomez
     Goodlander
     Gosar
     Grijalva
     Grothman
     Hageman
     Harrigan
     Harris (MD)
     Hayes
     Hill (AR)
     Himes
     Horsford
     Hoyer
     Hoyle (OR)
     Ivey
     Jackson (IL)
     Jayapal
     Jeffries
     Kamlager-Dove
     Kean
     Krishnamoorthi
     Larsen (WA)
     Larson (CT)
     Lawler
     Lee (NV)
     Lee (PA)
     Liccardo
     Lieu
     Lofgren
     McClellan
     McCollum
     McDonald Rivet
     McGarvey
     Meng
     Moore (UT)
     Moore (WI)
     Morelle
     Morrison
     Nadler
     Neguse
     Newhouse
     Norcross
     Ocasio-Cortez
     Omar
     Pappas
     Pocan
     Pressley
     Quigley
     Ramirez
     Raskin
     Riley (NY)
     Ross
     Roy
     Salinas
     Scanlon
     Scott (VA)
     Self
     Smith (NJ)
     Smith (WA)
     Sorensen
     Stanton
     Stefanik
     Steil
     Stevens
     Sykes
     Takano
     Thompson (MS)
     Titus
     Tlaib
     Tokuda
     Tonko
     Torres (NY)
     Turner (OH)
     Veasey
     Velazquez
     Vindman
     Walkinshaw
     Wasserman Schultz
     Watson Coleman
     Westerman
     Williams (GA)
     Womack
     Zinke

                             NOT VOTING--6

     Dexter
     Fields
     James
     Leger Fernandez
     Mace
     Miller-Meeks

                              {time}  1717

  Mrs. WATSON COLEMAN, Mses. MOORE of Wisconsin, ANSARI, and Messrs. 
TONKO, BARR, GROTHMAN, and LAWLER changed their vote from ``yea'' to 
``nay.''
  Ms. UNDERWOOD and Mr. VARGAS changed their vote from ``nay'' to 
``yea.''
  So the bill was passed.
  The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
  A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

                          ____________________