[Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 97 (Tuesday, June 9, 2026)]
[House]
[Pages H4037-H4044]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




                 NO AID FOR GHOST STUDENTS ACT OF 2026

  Mr. WALBERG. Mr. Speaker, pursuant to House Resolution 1333, I call 
up the bill (H.R. 7892) to amend the Higher Education Act of 1965 to 
require to the Secretary of Education to use an identity fraud 
detection system to review each FAFSA to determine whether the FAFSA 
presents a reasonable suspicion of identity fraud, and ask for its 
immediate consideration in the House.
  The Clerk read the title of the bill.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Kennedy of Utah). Pursuant to House 
Resolution 1333, in lieu of the amendment in the nature of a substitute 
recommended by the Committee on Education and Workforce, printed in the 
bill, an amendment in the nature of a substitute consisting of the text 
of Rules Committee Print 119-31 is adopted and the bill, as amended, is 
considered read.
  The text of the bill, as amended, is as follows:

                               H.R. 7892

       Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 
     the United States of America in Congress assembled,

     SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

       This Act may be cited as the ``No Aid for Ghost Students 
     Act of 2026''.

     SEC. 2. IDENTITY FRAUD DETECTION SYSTEM.

       (a) Identity Fraud Detection System.--Section 483 of the 
     Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1090) is amended by 
     adding at the end the following:
       ``(e) Identity Fraud Detection System.--
       ``(1) In general.--In addition to, or in conjunction with, 
     other verification processes carried out under this title, 
     the Secretary shall--
       ``(A) use an identity fraud detection system to screen and 
     assess each application submitted under this section on or 
     after October 1, 2026, to determine whether the application 
     presents a reasonable suspicion of identity fraud based on 
     one or more indicators associated with suspected fraud risk; 
     and
       ``(B) carry out notifications in accordance with paragraph 
     (2).
       ``(2) Notification of reasonable suspicion of identity 
     fraud.--If the Secretary determines that an application 
     submitted under this section presents a reasonable suspicion 
     of identity fraud, the Secretary shall--
       ``(A) provide the applicant with notice--
       ``(i) of such determination;
       ``(ii) that the information described in subparagraph (B) 
     will be transmitted to each institution of higher education 
     designated by the applicant in the application; and
       ``(iii) that the applicant is subject to additional 
     identity verification requirements in accordance with section 
     487(a)(15)(B); and
       ``(B) transmit to each institution designated by the 
     applicant in the application, a notice--
       ``(i) that such application presents a reasonable suspicion 
     of identity fraud; and
       ``(ii) that the applicant is subject to additional identity 
     verification requirements to be carried out by the 
     institution in accordance with section 487(a)(15)(B), before 
     the institution may disburse Federal financial aid under this 
     title to such applicant.
       ``(3) Congressional notices and report.--
       ``(A) Notices.--The Secretary shall submit to the 
     authorizing committees--
       ``(i) not later than November 1, 2026, a written 
     description of the identity fraud detection system required 
     under this subsection; and
       ``(ii) not later than 30 days after implementing any 
     substantial change to such system, a written description and 
     rationale for such change.
       ``(B) Annual evaluation and report.--Not later than October 
     1, 2027, and annually thereafter, the Secretary shall conduct 
     an evaluation of the effectiveness of the identity fraud 
     detection system carried out under this subsection, and 
     submit to the authorizing committees a report on the use and 
     effectiveness of such system.
       ``(4) Rule of construction.--Nothing in this subsection 
     shall be construed to prohibit the Secretary from meeting the 
     requirements of paragraph (1), in whole or in part, through a 
     capability or system used by the Secretary on or before the 
     date of enactment of the No Aid for Ghost Students Act of 
     2026.''.
       (b) Additional Verification Requirements.--
       (1) Amendments.--Section 487(a)(15) of the Higher Education 
     Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1094(a)(15)) is amended--
       (A) by striking ``(15) The institution acknowledges'' and 
     inserting ``(15)(A) The institution acknowledges''; and
       (B) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
       ``(B) Beginning on October 1, 2026, the institution will 
     not disburse Federal financial aid under this title to an 
     applicant with an application under section 483 that presents 
     a reasonable suspicion of identity fraud under section 
     483(e), unless the institution, directly or through a 
     contracted third-party service provider and in accordance 
     with procedures established by the Secretary--
       ``(i) before the disbursement of such aid--

       ``(I) determines that a reasonable suspicion of identity 
     fraud is not present by confirming the identity of such 
     applicant using--

       ``(aa) in-person identity verification;
       ``(bb) live, synchronous audiovisual identity verification;
       ``(cc) identity verification compliant with National 
     Institute of Standards and Technology Identity Assurance 
     Level 2 (NIST IAL2), or an equivalent successor;
       ``(dd) any additional identity verification method approved 
     by the Secretary that provides a level of identity assurance 
     that is equal to or greater than the level of assurance 
     provided by an identify verification method described in 
     items (aa) through (cc); or
       ``(ee) a combination of two or more of the verification 
     methods described in items (aa) through (dd); and

       ``(II) notifies the Secretary that the identity of the 
     applicant has been verified; and

       ``(ii) maintains a record of such identity verification.''.
       (2) Guidelines on institutional verification procedures.--
     Not later than October 1, 2026, the Secretary of Education 
     shall establish guidelines with respect to identity 
     verification procedures to be carried out by institutions of 
     higher education under subparagraph (B) of section 487(a)(15) 
     of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 U.S.C. 1094(a)(15)), 
     as amended by paragraph (1).

     SEC. 3. PROGRAM REVIEW PRIORITY CATEGORY.

       Section 498A(a)(2) of the Higher Education Act of 1965 (20 
     U.S.C. 1099c-1(a)(2)) is amended--

[[Page H4038]]

       (1) in subparagraph (E), by striking ``and'' at the end;
       (2) by redesignating subparagraph (F) as subparagraph (G); 
     and
       (3) by inserting after subparagraph (E) the following:
       ``(F) institutions that have demonstrated a pattern of 
     disbursing, on or after October 1, 2026, Federal financial 
     aid under this title for an award year to students with an 
     application under section 483 for such award year that 
     presented a reasonable suspicion of identity fraud under 
     section 483(e), except that the Secretary shall exclude any 
     institution that demonstrates to the Secretary that the 
     institution is in compliance with the requirements of section 
     487(a)(15)(B); and''.

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The bill, as amended, shall be debatable for 
1 hour, equally divided and controlled by the chair and ranking 
minority member of the Committee on Education and Workforce, or their 
respective designees.
  The gentleman from Michigan (Mr. Walberg) and the gentleman from 
Virginia (Mr. Scott) each will control 30 minutes.
  The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Michigan (Mr. Walberg).

                              {time}  1910


                             General Leave

  Mr. WALBERG. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that all Members 
may have 5 legislative days in which to revise and extend their remarks 
and to insert extraneous material on H.R. 7892.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the 
gentleman from Michigan?
  There was no objection.
  Mr. WALBERG. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support of H.R. 7892, the No Aid for 
Ghost Students Act of 2026, a simple and commonsense piece of 
legislation to fight fraud in our Federal student aid system.
  This legislation, authored by Representative Burgess Owens, also 
includes key provisions from Representative Glenn ``GT'' Thompson's 
H.R. 7891, the Student Aid Fraud Oversight and Accountability Act of 
2026, which further strengthens this important bill.
  Student aid should go to real students. This is simple but somehow 
contested, an idea that Republicans are committed to protecting.
  Over the past few years, it has become increasingly apparent that 
fraudsters are exploiting Federal programs at every level. Instead of 
helping children get meals or supporting students' educations, 
Americans' tax dollars have been lining criminals' pockets, helping 
fraudsters get rich while Americans suffer the consequences.
  At the Committee on Education and Workforce, Mr. Speaker, we have 
been examining this issue closely and working hard to expose the 
rampant fraud in our Federal assistance programs.
  While childcare and hospice care have dominated the headlines in 
recent months, our Federal student aid programs have also fallen victim 
to fraud.
  The most pressing threat comes from ghost students, fraudsters who 
use stolen or synthetic identities to submit the Free Application for 
Federal Student Aid, or FAFSA, and steal student aid dollars. These 
fraudsters commonly operate in foreign or domestic crime rings, 
submitting large numbers of FAFSAs to net huge amounts of cash. Until 
recently, these schemes were far too often successful.
  This was largely possible because the Biden-Harris administration 
removed critical, commonsense guardrails during the COVID-19 pandemic 
that weakened fraud prevention measures and made it easier than ever to 
loot our Federal student aid programs.
  Those foolish policies didn't help students. In fact, they did the 
opposite by creating more opportunities for fraudsters and criminals to 
endlessly exploit Federal student aid assistance programs and steal 
from taxpayers.
  The good news, Mr. Speaker, is that under Education Secretary Linda 
McMahon's leadership, the Department of Education has made great 
strides in combating this fraud, restoring key safeguards, increasing 
identity screenings, and strengthening verification requirements. As a 
result, the Department blocked more than $1 billion in attempted fraud 
in 2025.
  Those efforts, while effective, are not guaranteed to remain in place 
under future administrations, as we saw under the Biden administration. 
That is why committee Republicans are advancing legislation that not 
only builds on the Trump administration's efforts to stop fraud but 
also puts effective fraud prevention measures where they belong, in the 
law.
  I know we all want to help students pursue an education and obtain a 
degree if they choose to do so. Unfortunately, that opportunity is 
stolen from students and borrowers when we allow fraud to continue 
unchecked.
  H.R. 7892, the No Aid for Ghost Students Act of 2026, creates an 
invaluable opportunity to stop this kind of incessant fraud and protect 
access to higher education.
  Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to support H.R. 7892, and I reserve 
the balance of my time.
  Mr. SCOTT of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise in opposition to H.R. 7892, the so-called No Aid 
for Ghost Students Act.
  Let me say at the outset that protecting taxpayer dollars and 
preventing fraud in our student Federal aid program is always a good 
idea. As stewards of public funds, we should all agree that fraud 
should be identified, investigated, and stopped, but this bill is not 
about a thoughtful, evidence-based solution as its supporters claim.
  The bill would direct the Department of Education to create an 
identity fraud detection system within the Free Application for Federal 
Student Aid process and authorize the Department to open accelerated 
program reviews against colleges.
  Mr. Speaker, I have got to point out that the Department of Education 
just recently, this past April, launched a new identity fraud detection 
system as part of the FAFSA process. That system is still being tested, 
and Congress has not seen any meaningful evidence about its 
effectiveness or its impact upon students. Yet, this legislation would 
rush to codify requirements and penalties before we know whether the 
Department's current efforts are even working.
  Federal student aid helps nearly 13 million students every year who 
are pursuing higher education and economic opportunity. However, the 
bill's creation of vague enforcement standards and punitive mandates, 
without clear guidance for students and institutions, risk making it 
harder for legitimate students to access the aid they need to attend 
colleges.
  For example, we don't have evaluations on the effect this bill may 
have on legitimate students who are incorrectly flagged as suspicious. 
The bill prohibits colleges from distributing funds to those students 
until the suspicion is cleared up. These students could face hardships 
obtaining housing, transportation, or even buying books for who knows 
how long.
  Mr. Speaker, we should allow the Department's new antifraud system to 
operate and wait for the Department to evaluate the results. The 
Department should work with colleges, financial aid administrators, and 
fraud experts to determine what additional tools and guardrails may be 
necessary. Codifying this new system without assessing its 
effectiveness just doesn't make any sense.

  Moreover, H.R. 7892 could reasonably be viewed as part of a broader 
strategy to weaponize student aid. The Trump administration has issued 
numerous threats and made efforts to withhold title IV funding as a 
weapon to enforce ideological control over educational institutions.
  Already, this administration has rewritten the accreditation 
handbook, threatened funding to select institutions that violate its 
legally dubious executive orders, and embedded ideological conditions 
into annual participation agreements.
  The bill would give the administration another tool to further target 
colleges by allowing the Department to initiate and conduct program 
reviews based on little evidence. In fact, during the committee's 
debate on the bill, the committee Democrats sought to have a clear 
definition of what ``reasonable suspicion of identity fraud'' actually 
means in the legislation.
  Regrettably, the bill has made its way to the floor without 
addressing this concern. As a result, the vague language in the bill 
would enable the Trump administration and future administrations to 
weaponize fraud investigations to target certain colleges or States.

[[Page H4039]]

  Fraud prevention and student access to affordable college education 
are not competing goals. We can achieve both. Unfortunately, this bill 
does not strike that balance.
  For that reason, I urge my colleagues to vote ``no,'' and I reserve 
the balance of my time.

                              {time}  1920

  Mr. WALBERG. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
  Mr. Speaker, I appreciate my good friend, colleague, and ranking 
member's comments. I am a bit surprised because I had hoped that he 
could support this bill since in committee he supported this bill. In 
fact, one of the two bills in this bill that has been combined was 
unanimous in support by my Democratic colleagues.
  In response to weaponization that this bill could provide, the bill 
does not single out any State, student, or institution. The bill's 
identity fraud detection system simply screens and assesses each FAFSA 
submission, which is working now, for indicators of fraud risk. When an 
application is flagged for identity verification, it is based on real 
fraud risk, not political agenda.
  Further, the bill's program review priority categories applies only 
to institutions that display a pattern of disbursing aid to flagged 
applications, and only after giving those schools an opportunity to 
demonstrate compliance with the bill's reasonable, commonsense identity 
verification requirements. In other words, the bill simply requires 
institutions to do their part in ensuring that taxpayer dollars are 
going to real students, not fraudsters.
  Additionally, the bill promotes transparency. It requires the 
Department to provide Congress with a written description of the 
system, notice of substantial changes, and annual reports on the 
system's use and effectiveness.
  Mr. Speaker, bottom line, this bill keeps the focus where it belongs: 
on stopping fraud and protecting legitimate students.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield 4 minutes to the gentleman from Utah (Mr. 
Owens), the vice chairman of the Education and Workforce Committee and 
the sponsor of this legislation.
  Mr. OWENS. Mr. Speaker, in a speech given by Frederick Douglass in 
1894, he said: ``Education . . . [is] the light only by which men can 
be free. To deny education . . . is one of the greatest crimes against 
human nature [because] it is to deny them the means of freedom and the 
rightful pursuit of happiness.''
  Mr. Speaker, this is why the issue of fraud in our financial aid 
system is so pernicious. Taxpayer dollars are finite, and each dollar 
that is defrauded represents another lost opportunity for the students 
who need it the most.
  Ghost student fraud is a growing problem in higher education. Bad 
actors use fake or stolen IDs to enroll in classes, collect the 
refundable portion of the student aid, and then disappear, leaving 
taxpayers on the hook and denying real students an education.
  Students and taxpayers deserve a student aid system that supports 
opportunity, not fraud. This bill builds on the good work already done 
by the Trump administration to protect taxpayer dollars and help 
safeguard the integrity of the student aid system by ensuring Federal 
aid goes to real students.
  The No Aid for Ghost Students Act takes a straightforward approach: 
identify suspicious student aid applications and ensure these 
applicants are who they say they are before dollars go out the door.
  The bill requires the Department of Education to use an identity 
fraud detection system to screen and assess each FAFSA application for 
fraud risk.
  Just as importantly, the bill requires schools to verify the 
student's identity for applications flagged by the Department of 
Education for identity fraud risk before disbursing Federal student 
aid. This is a commonsense safeguard to ensure taxpayer dollars are 
kept out of the hands of fraudsters.
  The verification methods in the bill are practical. Institutions may 
verify identity through in-person verification or a variety of other 
secure methods and must keep a record of each successful verification.
  The legislation also requires the Department to establish guidelines 
for verification procedures, helping ensure schools have a consistent 
framework for carrying out these straightforward processes.
  Since taking office, the Trump administration has made significant 
progress in combating student aid fraud. Last year, the Department 
blocked more than $1 billion in attempted fraud. In April, the 
Department implemented a new identity fraud detection tool directly 
into the FAFSA form, which blocked $60 million in the first 2 weeks. 
However, these safeguards, while effective, are not guaranteed to 
remain in place.
  Under the Biden administration, we saw verification safeguards rolled 
back under false pretenses of equity and fairness, opening the door for 
fraudsters. This legislation addresses that vulnerability by putting 
fraud protections where they should be--in law.
  Finally, the bill also promotes transparency and oversight. It 
requires the Department to provide Congress with a written description 
of the fraud detection system, notify Congress of substantial changes, 
and provide annual reports on the system's use and effectiveness.
  Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to support this commonsense bill.
  Mr. SCOTT of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the 
gentleman from Texas (Mr. Menefee).
  Mr. MENEFEE. Mr. Speaker, I rise to oppose H.R. 7892, the so-called 
No Aid for Ghost Students Act. Think about a first-generation student 
who is applying with a FAFSA for the first time. It is already one of 
the most confusing processes out there, but all this bill does is make 
it worse.
  This bill would require the government to run every single financial 
aid application through a fraud detection algorithm, and if you get 
flagged, the college that you have been admitted to cannot release a 
single dollar until you jump through hoops to prove who you are.
  When a student gets flagged, there is no timeline, no appeals 
process, no accuracy standards. For a kid who does not know the system, 
that could mean a missed enrollment deadline. It could mean lost 
housing. It could mean the end of a dream before it even starts. I know 
that as a first-generation college grad.
  However, I want to be very clear about how this bill will impact 
folks. We heard earlier that this only applies when there is a real 
fraud risk, but that is a misnomer. Study after study on identification 
verification programs and fraud detection algorithms consistently show 
a higher false positive for Black and Hispanic users. Who are the 
students who are going to get flagged the most here? I bet they are 
going to be disproportionately Black. I bet they are going to be 
disproportionately Latino. I bet they are going to be lower income, 
those experiencing homelessness, eligible noncitizens, working adults 
who cannot afford to take a day off to drive to the financial aid 
office.

  My colleague on the other side of the aisle said it best, and I 
completely agree: Taxpayer dollars are finite. Therefore, why is this 
body supporting the President and his war of choice? Why is this body 
supporting the President's creation of a ballroom? Why is this body 
supporting a President who is creating a fund for folks who stormed the 
Capitol?
  My colleagues on the other side of the aisle could have targeted the 
fraud where it actually exists in higher education, but they didn't. 
Instead, they are locking in a brand-new unevaluated system into law 
with zero guardrails. That does not protect taxpayers. It just gives 
this administration unchecked power to delay aid to the students who 
need it the most.
  If even one student in this country is denied financial aid wrongly 
because this algorithm did not work out properly because we rushed the 
process and didn't have accuracy standards, that would be an absolute 
travesty to the people that we serve.
  Mr. Speaker, I oppose this bill, and I urge my colleagues to do the 
same.
  Mr. WALBERG. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
  Mr. Speaker, I appreciate my colleague from Texas' concern about 
students and not missing one. We certainly don't want to do that. 
However, we have been doing that for years until the reforms that have 
taken place in FAFSA, and we know they are working now. It has come 
down to days as opposed to weeks and months before in

[[Page H4040]]

getting feedback. Now, in fact, most recently it has gotten down to 
immediate feedback in most cases.
  We are seeing it work, and we have no evidence that it is unjustly 
pulling out certain groups or certain individuals. Again, we don't want 
that to take place, but we do not want fraudsters and ghost students, 
and that is what we are dealing with.
  FAFSA finally, finally is working, and people--parents and students--
are calling my office, and I bet other offices, as well.
  Mr. Speaker, with great appreciation, I yield 2 minutes to the 
gentleman from California (Mr. Kiley), the chairman of the Early 
Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education Subcommittee of the 
Committee on Education and Workforce.
  Mr. KILEY of California. Mr. Speaker, as a cosponsor of the No Aid 
for Ghost Students Act, I am very glad that it passed our committee 
with overwhelming bipartisan support, and I look forward to it 
receiving bipartisan support on the floor.

                              {time}  1930

  Our experience in California has demonstrated the need for this 
legislation. California community colleges were victimized by a 
staggering amount of fraud. We learned there were 1.2 million 
fraudulent applicants. One-third of the applicants were fake.
  I talked to my local community college, and they said they noticed 
something odd going on where they saw this huge spike in applications, 
three times as many as we normally get.
  They said:

       We know we are doing a good job, but maybe not that good of 
     a job that the number of applicants suddenly triples.

  They actually were on top of things and managed to root out the 
fraud, but not every community college has the wherewithal and the 
resources to do that.
  The State has been, frankly, kind of missing in action. So myself and 
some of my colleagues, one of which was Representative Kim, from 
California, asked the Secretary of Education to institute new identity 
verification requirements, and this has largely solved the problem.
  This bill is simply going to codify those best practices to prevent 
fraud going forward. This is important because it will save our 
taxpayers millions of dollars, but also because it will assure that the 
aid goes where it is really needed.
  What these fraudsters were doing was they basically submit fake 
applications, then get the financial aid and then pocket that portion 
of the financial aid that was above and beyond room and board for 
discretionary use by the student. When these funds are going to 
fraudsters and scam artists, they are not going to the students who 
really need the aid in our community colleges.
  Our community colleges are vital ladders of economic opportunity. 
They are vitally important to our workforce, and so we need to assure 
that they do not continue to be victimized by scam artists and 
fraudsters at the expense of the students who use them as ladders of 
opportunity.
  Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from Utah for introducing the 
measure. I am proud to cosponsor it, and I urge an ``aye'' vote.
  Mr. SCOTT of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume.
  Mr. Speaker, I include in the Record a letter in opposition to the 
bill from the American Federation of Teachers.

                                                          AFT,

                                                     June 3, 2026.
     House of Representatives,
     Washington, DC.
       Dear Representative: I write on behalf of the AFT's 1.8 
     million members working in education, healthcare and public 
     services. Our members decry fraud; we fight for federal 
     funding for the work we do, and none of us wants that funding 
     diverted for corrupt or fraudulent purposes. We write in 
     opposition to three bills on the House floor this week 
     because they are about weaponizing the federal government 
     against states and institutions of higher education the Trump 
     administration views as political enemies. The AFT supports 
     efforts to address fraud where it exists, but these bills do 
     not do that. Instead, they would harm marginalized 
     households, create significant administrative barriers, and 
     discourage eligible people from seeking assistance.
       H.R. 7726, the Stop Child Care Scams Act of 2026; H.R. 
     7892, the No Aid for Ghost Students Act of 2026; and H.R. 
     8872, the Preventing Waste, Fraud, and Abuse in TANF Act 
     simply give additional authority to an administration that 
     makes a habit of weaponizing charges of fraud in federal 
     healthcare, childcare and higher education programs by 
     cutting research grants, targeting free speech and 
     restricting classroom materials.
       For example, H.R. 7892, the No Aid for Ghost Students Act, 
     is seemingly about cracking down on the real concern about 
     fraud in the federal financial aid system. However, according 
     to the secretary of education's own recent congressional 
     testimony, that fraud is already being successfully addressed 
     with existing tools at the Department of Education's 
     disposal. The main impact of this bill would be to provide 
     the secretary with a wide-ranging authority to subject 
     colleges to additional review for failing to meet vague and 
     ill-defined metrics around ``suspected fraud.''
       Similarly, H.R. 7726, the Stop Child Care Scams Act, and 
     H.R. 8872, the Preventing Waste, Fraud and Abuse in TANF Act, 
     would add additional layers of red tape to the Temporary 
     Assistance for Needy Families program and childcare programs 
     in states, while granting sweeping powers to administration 
     officials to withhold that funding, without meaningfully 
     addressing fraud. We've seen this administration's playbook 
     in Minnesota, Maine, California and elsewhere; fraud is 
     simply a smokescreen to attack Americans who are not 
     politically aligned with the president.
       These bills would further empower the administration to use 
     accusations of fraud to attack perceived political enemies. 
     The Trump administration has already withheld federal funding 
     for ``blue'' states on allegations of fraud--ironically at 
     the same time it has pardoned those convicted of stealing 
     billions of dollars from Medicare and Medicaid and wiped out 
     the imposed penalities on Mississippi for criminal TANF fund.
       Meanwhile, Americans across the country are struggling to 
     pay their bills, and everyday costs continue to rise. 
     Congress should be focused on helping Americans access 
     affordable food and healthcare, not make the childcare 
     affordability crisis worse or use access to Pell grants as a 
     political cudgel. Congress must reject these bills that aim 
     to weaponize federal funds and should instead turn its focus 
     to helping students and families afford life's necessities.
       Thank you for considering our views on this matter.
           Sincerely,
                                                 Randi Weingarten,
                                                   President, AFT.

  Mr. SCOTT of Virginia. It says, in part: ``H.R. 7892, the No Aid for 
Ghost Students Act, is seemingly about cracking down on the real 
concern about fraud in the Federal financial aid system. However, 
according to the Secretary of Education's own recent congressional 
testimony, that fraud is already being successfully addressed with 
existing tools at the Department of Education's disposal. The main 
impact of this bill would be to provide the Secretary with a wide-
ranging authority to subject colleges to additional review for failing 
to meet vague and ill-defined metrics around `suspected fraud.' ''
  Mr. Speaker, I include in the Record a link to another article 
titled: ``The Hidden Power Grab in `Fraud Prevention'--and the Students 
Who Will Pay,'' from the Alliance for Higher Education and The Hope 
Center: https://hope.temple.edu/newsroom/hope-blog/hidden-power-grab-
fraud-
prevention-students-who-will-pay.
  It says, in part, ``The bill's operative trigger . . . `reasonable 
suspicion of identify fraud,' is a broad legalistic term with little 
history in Federal financial aid policy. This term has typically been 
used only when referring potential matters to the Department's 
inspector general, where facts and evidence could be carefully gathered 
by career employees with experience in fraud investigations. This bill 
radically expands the agency's powers to make the Secretary the judge, 
jury, and executioner.''
  It goes on further to say that the reasonable suspicion standard 
``should require articulable, credible grounds to believe fraud has 
occurred, not an unexamined `hunch.' It is also critical that such 
powers cannot be weaponized against perceived political enemies--
perhaps a State or college that isn't politically aligned with the 
administration.''
  Mr. Speaker, I include in the Record another article that is titled: 
``Stop Fraud, Not Students: A Balancing Act for Financial Aid Offices 
and Administrators,'' from the Institute for College Access and 
Success.

                            [April 27, 2026]

Stop Fraud, Not Students: A Balancing Act for Financial Aid Offices and 
                             Administrators

                      (Author: Emmanuel Rodriguez)

       AI-driven application fraud is rising fast, but without 
     adequate staffing and resources,

[[Page H4041]]

     prevention efforts risk blocking the very students aid is 
     meant to serve.
       Applying for financial aid is one of the most critical 
     actions a low-income student can take to make their 
     postsecondary education a reality. Completing the Free 
     Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) unlocks federal, 
     state, and institutional resources that can bring the coAts 
     of college within reach. Each year, the U.S. Department of 
     Education (the Department) selects millions of student 
     applications for a taxpayer safeguard and compliance process 
     known as verification. Financial aid verification is split 
     into three main categories--V1, V4, and V5--all of which are 
     used to confirm that the income, household size, and identity 
     information reported by a student on their FAFSA is accurate. 
     This process can involve submitting tax records, 
     identification documents, or other materials to resolve 
     potential discrepancies. While the goal is to ensure that 
     limited financial aid resources are distributed 
     appropriately, verification creates a real tension: trying to 
     safeguard public taxpayer dollars without introducing delays, 
     confusion, or additional barriers that disproportionately 
     impact the students who can least afford them, and 
     potentially pushing them out of the educational pipeline.
       Across the nation, college and financial aid administrators 
     have warned that the rate of financial aid fraud has 
     surpassed anything they've seen in the past, with ``ghost 
     students'' emerging as a major concern. These bad actors are 
     using stolen or synthetic identities to apply for aid and 
     enroll in colleges with no intent to attend, instead seeking 
     to collect financial aid and then disappear. Community 
     colleges, which often have more open-access admissions and 
     higher volumes of aid applicants, have been 
     disproportionately affected by this trend. While this problem 
     has long existed, the use of advancing technology to scale 
     fraudulent aid applications has surged as it facilitates mass 
     enrollment and can even generate coursework that can appear 
     legitimate.
       This is not isolated to one or even a few states. In 
     Minnesota, colleges flagged more than 7,000 fraudulent or 
     suspicious applications in a single year. In Nevada, one 
     college reported over $7 million lost in a single semester 
     due to fraudulent enrollments. And nationally, federal 
     investigators have examined more than $350 million in ghost 
     student fraud cases over the past five years. Unfortunately, 
     the most staggering numbers are coming out of California, 
     where colleges have reported roughly 900,000 fraudulent 
     college applications in 2024 and more than $11 million lost 
     in aid. While the total money lost remains very small 
     compared to total aid, the rise in this activity is swamping 
     limited aid administration capacity and can undermine trust 
     in the program for key stakeholders, including policymakers 
     who allocate the funds for aid.
       In response, both states and institutions are acting. 
     Colleges are deploying AI-powered detection tools, 
     implementing stricter identity verification, or front-loading 
     identity verification through their application process, 
     amongst other measures. At the federal level, the Department 
     is reinstating fraud detection protocols, including identity 
     screenings and cross-agency data checks. Even Congress has 
     begun to respond through the recent introduction of the 
     Student Aid Fraud Oversight and Accountability Act of 2026 
     (H.R. 7891), the No Aid for Ghost Students Act of 2026 (H.R. 
     7892), and the FAFSA Verification Efficiency Act (H.R. 7893). 
     Taken together, these efforts signal a growing recognition 
     that fraud prevention must be strengthened. But how it's done 
     matters for students. A lot.


                       The California Case Study

       For the past few years, the California Community Colleges 
     (CCC) have been fighting an uphill battle against ghost 
     students who are getting their hands on federal, state, and 
     even institutional aid by taking advantage of the community 
     college mission to provide open access to all students no 
     matter when they start their educational journey.
       TICAS has learned from financial aid administrators that 
     the AI tools they are using to combat this problem are 
     getting better and increasing detection. Online verification 
     platforms and methods have replaced paper-based systems, 
     allowing students to more easily submit required documents 
     rather than coming in person. And staff at many colleges are 
     proactive in their student outreach to offer support in 
     navigating this process, even with limited resources.
       Compliance and protective measures taken by California's 
     colleges, no matter how thoughtfully designed and 
     implemented, are just one side of this equation. On the other 
     side, we need to track and center the experiences of students 
     with the processes--especially as the Department is stepping 
     in by expanding V4/V5 verification rates. For undocumented 
     students, students from mixed-status families, formerly 
     incarcerated students, foster youth, and others who already 
     navigate institutions with caution, being told ``show me your 
     ID'' or ``come into the office to prove you're real and that 
     you are as poor as you reported'' can feel threatening. 
     Without careful communication, these processes can feel 
     punitive, invasive, and in today's reality, connected to 
     immigration enforcement or federal data sharing that students 
     fear. This fear is not hypothetical, and addressing it will 
     take time, intentionality, and both fiscal and human 
     resources.
       Yet, across California, financial aid offices are being 
     asked to do more with less. Adding identity verification on 
     top of their normal duties of helping students file a FAFSA 
     or CADAA or navigate processes like Satisfactory Academic 
     Progress and professional judgement requests are heavy lifts. 
     The CCC system and its financial aid administrators cannot 
     sufficiently carry out increased, more complex, and student-
     centered verification practices along with their other work 
     without sufficient resources.
       If California wants to protect taxpayer dollars as well as 
     students' access to an affordable education, the state must 
     adequately fund financial aid offices to do both well and in 
     an equitable way. Widely supported budget requests reflect 
     this reality, such as an existing ask for an additional $10 
     million ongoing CA Proposition 98 funds to support the 
     Student Financial Aid Administration (SFAA), which many 
     advocates support and the Chancellor's Office has uplifted. 
     Alternatively, California could implement a reoccurring cost-
     of-living adjustment to the SFAA base or ensure they earmark 
     a portion of any Student Support Block Grant investments for 
     this purpose.
       Regardless of the approach, California has the opportunity 
     to create a national model for balancing program integrity 
     with student access. To do so, it must begin with a sustained 
     state investment in financial aid offices to augment 
     resources that support vital counseling and advising, clear 
     communication, and secure technology.


                             Looking Ahead

       As policymakers and institutions respond across the 
     country, it's critical that they all intentionally balance 
     program integrity with student access. TICAS offers the 
     following high-level principles to help guide decision-makers 
     grappling with how to address this issue:
       Ensure all verification processes are clear, transparent, 
     and student-centered, with strong communication to all 
     affected parties about why verification is happening.
       Center the experiences of students--particularly those from 
     vulnerable populations--who may experience verification as 
     confusing, intimidating, or even unsafe.
       Prepare multilingual outreach materials for students and 
     families whom English is a second language to clearly explain 
     the reasons for verification, next steps, and other supports.
       Avoid unnecessarily expanding verification requirements 
     beyond the student applying for aid--especially towards 
     dependents or family members.
       Protect student privacy and data security, especially as 
     new technologies like AI are introduced and used to mine or 
     filter sensitive data.
       Provide adequate funding and staffing so financial aid 
     offices can have training to understand these processes and 
     implement them effectively.
       If colleges choose to build systems that front-load 
     documentation and identity verification through their 
     applications, invest in that infrastructure early and test it 
     thoroughly to ensure it is as simple and easy as possible to 
     complete.

  Mr. SCOTT of Virginia. It says, in part: ``While the goal is to 
ensure that limited financial aid resources are distributed 
appropriately, verification creates a real tension: trying to safeguard 
public taxpayer dollars without introducing delays, confusion, or 
additional barriers that disproportionately impact the students who can 
least afford them, and potentially pushing them out of the educational 
pipeline.''
  Mr. Speaker, finally, I include in the Record an article from 
StateScoop with a letter from Al Sharpton of the National Action 
Network, outlining many issues involved in identity verification done 
by artificial intelligence.

                    [From STATESCOOP, Aug. 1, 2024]

New York lawmaker questions state's use of identity-verification vendor

                           (By Keely Quinlan)

       In a letter to the state chief information officer, New 
     York state Sen. Jeremy Cooney raises concerns with the 
     state's use of AI-powered software from the identity-
     verification firm Socure. The company says many of the claims 
     are false.
       In a letter penned this month to Dru Rai, New York state's 
     chief information officer, state Sen. Jeremy Cooney raised 
     concerns regarding Socure, a fraud prevention and identity 
     verification firm used by the state, citing the vendor's data 
     practices and how it uses artificial intelligence.
       The letter from Cooney, dated July 10, asks Rai how the 
     state's Office of Information Technology Services has vetted 
     Socure, which in addition to more than 20 state government 
     agencies and multiple federal agencies, provides New York 
     state with identity verification services. In an interview 
     with StateScoop, though, Socure executives said many of 
     Cooney's claims are simply false and that he misunderstands 
     how the company's technology works.
       Socure's technology relies on AI and machine learning to 
     analyze several thousand data points to predict fraudulent 
     identity activity. For governments, it predicts fraud for 
     resident services, such as by scanning benefits applications. 
     Fraud is a growing concern for state agencies, which since 
     the COVID-19 pandemic have seen heightened levels of fraud 
     across many government functions.

[[Page H4042]]

       Cooney, who also chairs the Senate Procurement and 
     Contracts Committee, said how Socure obtains and uses those 
     data points--many of which would be considered personally 
     identifiable data--is concerning.
       Referring to the company as a data broker, Cooney said the 
     company ``collects, purchases and stores billions of data 
     points, including sensitive personal identifiable 
     information, on New Yorkers without their consent to confirm 
     their identities.'' While noting that identity verification 
     ``is critical for ensuring equitable access to public 
     services,'' Cooney said that the potential risks associated 
     with using AI include preventing people from accessing 
     critical government services.
       ``Innovation should never come at the cost of good 
     governance and transparency,'' Cooney wrote in an email to 
     StateScoop. ``Given the widespread concerns around Socure's 
     business practices and the growing recognition of AI's risks, 
     it is important to scrutinize any work they are doing for New 
     York state agencies. I deeply appreciate the hard work and 
     ongoing efforts of the State CIO's office to make sure our 
     state's digital systems grant every New Yorker secure, 
     equitable access to state services and uphold personal 
     privacy.''
       In the letter, Cooney also asked Rai whether the state 
     requires that Socure include a human review of algorithmic 
     output to ensure it's accurate and not discriminatory, and 
     whether the state has tested Socure's fraud prediction models 
     for bias.
       ``Has the state confirmed whether Socure's practices fully 
     comply with NY state privacy law, specifically related to its 
     mass collection of sensitive PII, partnership with data 
     brokers, and use of social media data?'' Cooney asked in the 
     letter.


                       `we are not a data broker'

       Jordan Burris, vice president of public sector strategy for 
     Socure and the former chief of staff in the White House's 
     Office of the Federal CIO, told StateScoop that portions of 
     the letter fundamentally misunderstand what the company does, 
     noting that Socure is not a data broker. Additionally, New 
     York state has yet to pass a comprehensive data privacy law 
     that would legally define within the state what constitutes a 
     data broker. Its data privacy act is still in committee for 
     the second year in a row.
       ``We do not sell data to third parties, we do not use it 
     for marketing. We do not use it to run a marketplace, 
     offering online discounts for e-commerce, like other 
     companies in the space,'' Burris told StateScoop. ``We are 
     only focused on verifying identity and rooting out fraud, and 
     ultimately, under looking at what is exactly New York State 
     law today, we are not a data broker, and to suggest otherwise 
     is simply false.''
       Cooney's letter follows at least two other instances this 
     year in which New York state leaders have levied concerns 
     regarding Socure and its data practices. Rep. Ritchie Torres, 
     D-N.Y., in February wrote a letter to Socure CEO Johnny Ayers 
     over concerns that his company's digital identity 
     verification software might lead to discrimination.
       ``You claim your product, `fuses personal identifiable 
     information (PID validated by thousands of data sources' in 
     order to prevent fraud,'' Torres' letter read. ``Companies' 
     abuse of private data can also lead to the unwanted tracking 
     and sale of people's sensitive health data, genetic 
     information, religious participation, and location. Given the 
     lack of transparency around your services, constituents in my 
     district have expressed legitimate privacy concerns and 
     demand to know how you source their data, how it is used, and 
     whether it is equitable for all American communities.''
       While Cooney's recent letter claims Torres' letter went 
     unanswered, Socure told StateScoop it met with Torres' office 
     to review some of its complaints. StateScoop contacted 
     Torres' office for comment, but did not hear back before 
     publication.


                              data sources

       In March, Rev. Al Sharpton of the National Action Network, 
     wrote a letter to New York State Attorney General Letitia 
     James citing concerns with Socure's lack of transparency 
     regarding the types of data it uses to perform identity 
     verification.
       ``Socure also collects data from thousands of data sources, 
     including personally identifiable information (PII), without 
     providing any meaningful transparency regarding how that data 
     is acquired, stored, and used,'' Sharpton's letter read. 
     ``Socure scrapes social media, utilizes geolocation 
     technology, and deploys artificial intelligence technology to 
     conduct its business. They have no help line, and people have 
     no recourse should their identity be denied mistakenly. These 
     practices have historically and consistently hurt 
     marginalized communities.''
       When asked how Socure obtains data to perform identity 
     verification, Burris said the company buys and otherwise 
     obtains data from a variety of public and private sources to 
     ``bring in house.'' These sources include public records, 
     mobile network operators--like Verizon and AT&T--and higher 
     education institutions, Burris said. He added that Socure's 
     data scientists evaluate the ``authoritativeness of that 
     data.''
       ``I'm not looking to buy data for data's sake. I'm looking 
     at data for the purpose of what we can do with it,'' Burris 
     said. ``The only purpose for us having it is to help with 
     identity verification in particular. . . . And then we even 
     have a proprietary database that we've built of known 
     fraudulent identity identities that we've identified over our 
     12-year existence.''


                           `pressure testing'

       As far as concerns of effects on marginalized communities, 
     Burris said the company is ``pressure testing'' its AI models 
     by testing for bias across demographics like age, race, 
     gender and other protected classes.
       On the topic of human review in the identity verification 
     process, Burris said ``humans are involved all throughout the 
     process.''
       ``The question of are human reviewers evaluating every 
     identity decision fundamentally misunderstands the challenges 
     that exist with verifying identity today,'' Burris said. ``We 
     are going backwards if we heavily rely on human reviews to 
     verify identity. The cost is long wait times, backlogs and 
     good people who ultimately will continue to be underserved.''
       In an email, a spokesperson for the New York Office of 
     Information Technology Services said: ``We take our 
     responsibility to protect the privacy of every single 
     resident accessing state programs or services very seriously, 
     and have implemented the strongest possible security measures 
     to ensure it.''
                                  ____



                                      Wednesday, May 13, 2026.

                   From The Desk of Rev. Al Sharpton

     Hon. Elizabeth Warren,
     U.S. Senate, Washington, D.C.
     Hon. Richard Blumenthal,
     U.S. Senate, Washington, D.C.
     Hon. Tammy Duckworth,
     U.S. Senate, Washington, D.C.
     Hon. Mazie K. Hirono,
     U.S. Senate, Washington, D.C.
       Dear Senators Warren, Blumenthal, Duckworth, and Hirono: I 
     write in strong support of your May 4, 2026 letters to the 
     heads of Experian, Equifax, and TransUnion regarding how Buy 
     Now, Pay Later (BNPL) data is being incorporated into 
     Americans' credit files. In your letters, you correctly 
     observed that the credit reporting industry has been ``very 
     secretive about its scoring models'' and that credit 
     reporting companies ``are also now performing the functions 
     of data harvesters themselves.'' The integration of a BNPL 
     credit vendor like Qlarifi into a massive data aggregator and 
     harvester like Socure, presents a new and dangerous threat to 
     consumer data and fairness. I write to urge you to expand the 
     scope of this inquiry to include Socure and Qlarifi, given 
     that Socure is quietly building what amounts to a fourth 
     credit bureau, one that sits entirely outside the regulatory 
     perimeter you are working to hold to account.
       In December 2025, Socure acquired Qlarifi and announced the 
     creation of what it called ``the First Real-Time BNPL Credit 
     System.'' Socure, via Qlarifi, now aggregates loan-level BNPL 
     data on millions of American consumers, runs it through 
     blackbox AI risk-scoring models, and sells the resulting 
     credit determinations back into the lending ecosystem. It 
     does this without the consumer notice, dispute, accuracy, or 
     fairness obligations that the Fair Credit Reporting Act 
     (FCRA) imposes on Experian, Equifax, and TransUnion. It is 
     concerning for many consumers, particularly consumers of 
     color, that a fourth consumer rating agency is being 
     constructed in plain sight. Socure's business effectively 
     provides the same function as a credit rating agency, coupled 
     with an absence of accountability, along with a business 
     model built on the very data harvesting practices your 
     letters identified as a core consumer protection problem.
       This matters profoundly for the communities I represent. 
     BNPL is concentrated among consumers who already face 
     structural barriers in the financial system. Black consumers 
     are over twice as likely than White consumers to use BNPL 
     products, and Hispanic consumers are about 91 percent more 
     likely. As you note in your letters, even one misreported 
     missed payment can ripple through a consumer's credit score 
     and limit their access to a mortgage, an auto loan, an 
     apartment, or even a checking account. When the data feeding 
     those decisions flows through an unregulated AI scoring layer 
     at Socure before it ever reaches a traditional bureau, or 
     worse, when lenders bypass the bureaus entirely and rely on 
     Socure's scores directly, the risk of digital redlining is no 
     longer theoretical. It is being engineered into the 
     architecture of consumer credit.
       Your letters also flag a related dynamic that deserves to 
     be drawn out more fully. As you observe, ``alternative data'' 
     such as bank account cash flow is increasingly being 
     collected on consumers, ``particularly for consumers with 
     limited credit histories, which tend to be lower-income 
     consumers.'' That observation cannot be separated from race. 
     The CFPB has long documented that Black and Hispanic 
     Americans are significantly overrepresented among the so-
     called ``credit invisible'' and consumers with limited credit 
     files, the very population on which alternative data and AI-
     driven scoring are most aggressively deployed. The result is 
     a two-tier system in which the consumers with the least 
     margin for error are the ones whose creditworthiness is most 
     likely to be determined by experimental, opaque, AI-driven 
     inputs assembled from commercial data sources--the inputs 
     Socure aggregates and sells. The Senators' question about 
     alternative data is, in practice, also a question about 
     racial equity in credit.
       That brings me to the broader concern about racial bias 
     inherent in AI and algorithmic decision-making systems, the 
     kind

[[Page H4043]]

     often inherent in BNPL credit scoring, and of the kind Socure 
     builds and sells. AI-driven risk models are only as fair as 
     the data on which they are trained, and the commercial and 
     alternative data underlying these systems systematically 
     underrepresent and misrepresent communities of color. 
     Independent researchers at Northeastern University have found 
     that data broker records on White non-Hispanic Americans were 
     25 percent more likely to be accurate than records on 
     Hispanic Americans, and that only 32 percent of Hispanic 
     individuals under age 26 were correctly represented in those 
     records at all. Because vendors like Socure, who are now 
     providing credit scoring for BNPL companies, train their 
     models on this same commercial data, those structural gaps 
     are not corrected by the algorithm, they are encoded into it.
       The Consumer Financial Protection Bureau (CFPB) has 
     likewise documented disparities in credit underwriting and 
     pricing outcomes for Black and Hispanic applicants, and has 
     warned that algorithmic models present a serious challenge in 
     identifying ``variables that may be proxies for prohibited 
     bases'' of discrimination. Your letters to the bureaus end 
     with Question 7, which asks whether each bureau has studied 
     the impact of BNPL data on consumer credit scores. The more 
     urgent question, and the one I respectfully urge you to add, 
     is whether anyone, at any of these companies or at Socure, 
     has studied the impact of BNPL credit reporting and 
     alternative data inputs on consumers by race, ethnicity, age, 
     and income.
       Socure also collects data from thousands of sources, 
     including personally identifiable information, social media 
     activity, and geolocation data, without providing meaningful 
     transparency about how that data is acquired, stored, 
     combined, or used. Consumers have no recourse if they are 
     wrongfully scored, flagged, or denied because of an 
     inaccurate or biased record buried inside Socure's models. 
     For a family already living paycheck to paycheck, a single 
     algorithmic misclassification can be the difference between 
     keeping the lights on and falling into crisis. A massive data 
     aggregator must not be permitted to function as de facto 
     credit reporting infrastructure without the corresponding 
     obligations and oversight.
       For these reasons, I respectfully urge you to:
       Add Socure, the new owners of Qlarifi to the scope of your 
     inquiry. Send a parallel information request to Socure 
     regarding its acquisition of Qlarifi, the categories of 
     consumer data it collects and aggregates, the BNPL providers 
     and lenders that consume its scores, and whether and how it 
     considers itself subject to the Fair Credit Reporting Act 
     (FCRA) and the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (ECOA).
       Press Experian, Equifax, and TransUnion specifically on 
     Socure and Qlarifi. Ask each bureau whether it receives data 
     from, sells data to, or competes with Socure's real-time BNPL 
     credit product, and whether Qlarifi-sourced data is 
     incorporated, directly or indirectly, into their tradelines 
     or scoring inputs.
       Examine whether Socure's real-time BNPL scoring product 
     meets the statutory definition of a ``consumer reporting 
     agency'' under the FCRA, and whether Qlarifi's pre-
     acquisition operations should have been regulated as such. If 
     existing law does not clearly reach this conduct, that gap is 
     itself a finding worth surfacing.
       Expand Question 7 in your follow-up engagement with the 
     bureaus to require demographic impact analysis. Ask whether 
     the bureaus, FICO, VantageScore, or their BNPL data partners 
     have tested how the incorporation of BNPL data affects credit 
     scores by race, ethnicity, age, and income, and request that 
     any such analyses be produced.
       Request that Socure disclose any independent demographic 
     audits of its risk-scoring products, and explain how its AI 
     and machine-learning models are tested for disparate impact, 
     the same standard the CFPB has urged on the rest of the 
     credit ecosystem.
       The fight against predatory lending has always been, at its 
     core, a civil rights fight. Your letters of May 4 are exactly 
     the kind of oversight this moment requires, and I am grateful 
     for your leadership. I urge you to follow the data where it 
     leads, past the three traditional bureaus and into the 
     unregulated scoring layer being built around them. The 
     American consumer cannot afford a fourth credit bureau that 
     operates in the dark.
       Thank you for your continued commitment to protecting 
     American consumers and to ensuring that the financial system 
     works fairly for every community.
           Sincerely,

                                         Reverend Al Sharpton,

                                            Founder and President,
                                          National Action Network.

  Mr. SCOTT of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. WALBERG. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
  Mr. Speaker, I was caught with the first entity that was mentioned, 
AFT, the American Federation of Teachers', concern about higher 
education.
  They have messed up our K-12 education and the pipeline going into 
higher education. I don't see them as any voice that we ought to be 
listening to, especially dealing with fraud, waste, and abuse.
  It is important to recognize the progress the Department has made, 
Mr. Speaker, in addressing ghost student fraud. In just its first 2 
weeks, the Department's new real-time identity fraud detention tool 
blocked over $60 million in ghost student fraud. That is real money for 
students.
  That is real success, and it is exactly why this bill is drafted this 
way.
  The bill makes clear that the Department may satisfy the bill's 
identity fraud detection requirement, in whole or in part, through a 
system already in use, while also giving the Department room to adapt 
its system to evolving threats.
  The trouble is that without this bill, strong safeguards against 
fraud are not guaranteed, as we said, to remain in place and could 
change from administration to administration. Especially if the AFT is 
pushing, we know that push is real because of the Biden 
administration's failures.
  If we agree the current safeguards are working, we should make sure 
they remain in place to protect students and taxpayers alike, not just 
for now, but far into the future.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield 2\1/2\ minutes to the gentlewoman from 
California (Mrs. Kim).
  Mrs. KIM. Mr. Speaker, today, I rise to add my voice in strong 
support of H.R. 7892, the No Aid for Ghost Students Act. In California, 
34 percent of community college applicants have been flagged as likely 
fraudulent. That is more than one in three applicants.
  These so-called AI ghost students are scammers using fake identities 
to enroll in classes, pocket taxpayer dollars, and disappear without 
ever setting foot in a classroom.
  Between April of 2024 and April of 2025, criminals stole more than 
$10 million from California's community colleges, robbing taxpayers and 
hurting real students who depend on that aid.
  That is why I sent a letter to the Department of Education demanding 
an investigation and stronger safeguards to stop this fraud before 
taxpayer dollars go out the door. This bill builds on those efforts by 
strengthening application verification requirements and ensuring future 
administrations cannot weaken them.
  Mr. Speaker, I thank Congressman Burgess Owens for introducing this 
very commonsense legislation, and I urge my colleagues to support it.
  Mr. SCOTT of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. WALBERG. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from 
Wisconsin (Mr. Grothman), who is a working member of our Committee on 
Education and Workforce.
  Mr. GROTHMAN. Mr. Speaker, in our Committee on Education and 
Workforce, as in so many other committees, we have discovered rampant 
fraud, in this case, in Federal financial aid programs as ghost 
students have been submitting applications for aid, getting the aid, 
and then the money just disappears because there is no real student.
  Imagine that, Mr. Speaker.
  The first lesson we can take out of this is the programs here now are 
not going to get rid of it. Anybody who thinks we are going to 
institute a Federal program and there is not going to be fraud in it is 
nuts. This is one more example of out-of-control things. We believe we 
found $350 million of ghost student fraud uncovered since 2019.

                              {time}  1940

  In any event, Burgess Owens has the answer here. In part, we are 
going to work to identify these fraudsters before the money goes out 
the door. If we identify them before the money goes out the door, we 
will dramatically decrease the amount of money that disappears.
  Mr. Speaker, I thank Burgess Owens for doing this, and I hope the 
rest of the body will remember what was done with these Federal aid 
programs. Again and again, it doesn't go for the purposes designed. It 
goes to fraudsters who take advantage of the situation.
  Mr. SCOTT of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself the balance of my 
time.
  Mr. Speaker, this debate is not about whether or not fraud should be 
stopped. Everybody agrees with that, like when Trump University paid 
$25 million to settle their fraud investigation. We shouldn't be 
debating whether or not fraud should be stopped. We should be debating 
the provisions of the bill, not the merits of the title.

[[Page H4044]]

  The question before us is not whether or not we should try to reduce 
fraud, but whether or not Congress should codify into law a process 
that has barely begun to operate and whose effectiveness has not been 
evaluated, especially as it affects students who are incorrectly 
flagged under the bill. It doesn't add anything to what is already 
being done. It only codifies what is being done before the program can 
be evaluated.
  We should not substitute politics for due diligence. We should wait 
for that evaluation. As I said in committee, I was willing to work in 
good faith to improve the legislation. Regrettably, my colleagues on 
the other side of the aisle chose not to consider the fixes needed to 
support students and colleges while also addressing the responsibility 
to defer fraud.
  This bill circumvents deliberative processes, imposes new punitive 
requirements before we have the facts, and risks creating new barriers 
for students seeking an education. We should pursue smart enforcement, 
be flexible when honest mistakes occur, and be informed by evidence 
rather than assumptions.
  Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to oppose the bill, and I yield 
back the balance of my time.
  Mr. WALBERG. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself the balance of my time.
  Mr. Speaker, fraud has no place in America. I think we can all agree 
with that, at least in word. Unfortunately, fraud has spiraled out of 
control and allowed criminals to steal billions from American students 
and taxpayers.
  H.R. 7892, No Aid for Ghost Students Act of 2026, is a powerful 
opportunity to put a stop to fraud in our Federal student aid programs 
and expand the dream of higher education for the next generation of 
Americans.
  While Democrats and the Biden-era administration allowed fraudsters 
to steal from students and taxpayers, Republicans and the Trump 
administration are committed to righting that wrong and ensuring 
Federal student aid goes to the people who are meant to receive it: 
students.
  As lawmakers, it is imperative we do everything in our power to 
ensure taxpayer dollars are spent correctly. That means stopping fraud 
and putting an end to the parade of criminals who have exploited our 
Federal student assistance programs. It makes sense to me.
  Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to support H.R. 7892, and I yield 
back the balance of my time.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. All time for debate has expired.
  Pursuant to House Resolution 1333, the previous question is ordered 
on the bill, as amended.
  The question is on the engrossment and third reading of the bill.
  The bill was ordered to be engrossed and read a third time, and was 
read the third time.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on passage of the bill.
  The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced that 
the ayes appeared to have it.
  Mr. SCOTT of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and 
nays.
  The yeas and nays were ordered.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to clause 8 of rule XX, further 
proceedings on this question will be postponed.

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