[Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 77 (Monday, May 4, 2026)]
[Extensions of Remarks]
[Page E412]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
INTRODUCTION OF THE FAIR PAY ACT OF 2026
______
HON. ELEANOR HOLMES NORTON
of the district of columbia
in the house of representatives
Monday, May 4, 2026
Ms. NORTON. Mr. Speaker, today, I introduce the Fair Pay Act of 2026.
This bill would require that if men and women are doing comparable
work, they must be paid comparable wages. The Equal Pay Act of 1963
(EPA), the first of the great civil rights statutes of the 1960s, has
grown creaky with age and needs updating to reflect the new workforce,
in which women work as much as men.
As the first woman to chair the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity
Commission, where I enforced the EPA, I introduce this bill on behalf
of the average female worker, who is often first steered to, and then
locked into, jobs with wages that are deeply influenced by the gender
of individuals who have traditionally held such jobs. The pay disparity
most women face today stems mainly from the segregation of women and
men in different jobs and women in female-dominated jobs being paid
systematically less. For example, if a woman is an emergency services
operator, a female-dominated profession, she should not be paid less
than a fire dispatcher, a male-dominated profession, simply because
each of these jobs has been dominated by one gender. We need more
aggressive strategies to break through the societal barriers present
throughout history, as well as employer-steering based on gender, which
is as old as paid employment itself.
What may be the best case for a stronger and updated EPA occurred in
Congress in 2003, when female custodians in the House and Senate won an
EPA case after showing that female employees were paid a dollar less
per hour for doing the same or similar work as male employees. Had
those women not been represented by their union, they would have had an
almost impossible task in using the rules for bringing and sustaining
an EPA class action lawsuit.
This bill would not change the legal burden. Under this bill, as
under the EPA, the burden would be on the plaintiff to prove
discrimination. The plaintiff must show that the reason for the
disparate treatment is gender discrimination, not legitimate market
factors. Remedies to achieve comparable pay for men and women are not
radical or unprecedented. State governments, in red and blue states
alike, have shown that it is possible to eliminate the part of the pay
gap that is due to job-steering. Many state governments have adjusted
wages for female-dominated professions, raising pay for teachers,
nurses, clerical workers, librarians and other female-dominated jobs
that paid less than comparable male-dominated jobs. Minnesota, for
example, implemented a pay equity plan when it found that traditionally
female jobs paid 20 percent less than comparable traditionally male
jobs. There may well be some portion of the gender wage gap that is
traceable to market factors, but states have shown that you can tackle
the gender discrimination-based wage gap without interfering in the
market system. States generally have closed the wage gap over a period
of four to five years at a one-time cost of no more than three to four
percent of payroll.
Unequal pay has been built into the way women have been treated since
Adam and Eve. To dislodge such deep-seated and pervasive treatment, we
must go to the source, the traditionally female occupations, where pay
is linked with gender and always has been.
I urge my colleagues to support this bill.
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