[Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 67 (Thursday, April 16, 2026)]
[Senate]
[Pages S1807-S1812]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




                          LEGISLATIVE SESSION

                                 ______
                                 

  PROVIDING FOR CONGRESSIONAL DISAPPROVAL UNDER CHAPTER 8 OF TITLE 5, 
    UNITED STATES CODE, OF THE RULE SUBMITTED BY THE BUREAU OF LAND 
  MANAGEMENT RELATING TO PUBLIC LAND ORDER NO. 7917 FOR WITHDRAWAL OF 
        FEDERAL LANDS; COOK, LAKE, AND SAINT LOUIS COUNTIES, MN

  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under the previous order, the Senate will 
resume consideration of H.J. Res. 140, which the clerk will report.
  The senior assistant bill clerk read as follows:

       A joint resolution (H.J. Res. 140) providing for 
     congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United 
     States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land 
     Management relating to Public Land Order No. 7917 for 
     Withdrawal of Federal Lands; Cook, Lake, and Saint Louis 
     Counties, MN.

  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Iowa.


                            SAVE America Act

  Mr. GRASSLEY. Mr. President, the SAVE America Act has been a 
discussion for quite a few days on the floor of the U.S. Senate, and I 
would like to give my update on that. I have already spoken once on the 
subject. But before I speak, I would like to ask unanimous consent to 
have printed in the Record after my speech some of the remarks that my 
constituents have been sending to my office on this issue so that they 
have direct quotations from letters backing up what I am saying here on 
the Senate floor today.
  Mr. President, as I said, I am a cosponsor of the SAVE America Act. 
This SAVE America Act ensures only U.S. citizens are registered to vote 
in Federal elections, and it also requires voter ID when voting. Now, 
that is pretty simple. It is so simple that 85 percent of Americans 
generally support those principles of voter ID and only citizens 
voting. Even 71 percent of the Democrats in polls also support that.
  Now, what I have inserted in the Record is what I have heard from 
some Iowa constituents who would say that while election integrity is 
important, noncitizen voting is not an issue. Some of my constituents 
even accept that noncitizen voting happens, but at the same time, they 
say it is not that often, so we should just ignore it.
  That is not how the rule of law works, and we all take an oath to 
uphold the rule of law. And I will bet every one of our constituents 
say the rule of law is a principle applying in America and it should be 
fully supported.
  It is a fact that nobody's vote should be diluted by people voting 
who are not eligible to vote and that voter fraud should not be 
ignored, no matter the scale.
  I want to share some recent examples of noncitizens registering to 
vote and voting in elections. The first one is the State of Montana. In 
a State where elections have been decided by only a handful of votes, 
23 potential noncitizens cast nearly 150 votes in various elections.
  Then let's go to the State of Ohio. In 2024, Ohio found 597 
noncitizens registered to vote--138 of whom voted in recent elections--
that lacked citizenship status.
  Then in Texas--Texas removed over 6,500 noncitizens from their voter 
rolls between the years 2020 and 2024. That is a larger population than 
some small Iowa towns.
  Then let's go to New Jersey. In January, two people in New Jersey 
were charged with illegal voting in the 2020 elections. This is in 
addition to other foreign nationals charged last year for registering 
to vote and voting in Florida and Massachusetts.

[[Page S1808]]

  My home State of Iowa takes pride in civic participation and election 
integrity. Even so, in my State, our secretary of state found 277 
noncitizens registered to vote and 35 who actually cast ballots in 
2024.
  Maybe you would say this doesn't really matter because most people 
win by thousands or at least hundreds of votes, but I want to give you 
an example in Iowa where we had a very close election and just a 
handful of people not registered legally to vote--either they were 
noncitizens or they weren't the people that said they were going to 
vote. So we know elections can be decided by just a handful of votes. 
Iowa experienced that firsthand in 2020 when one of our congressional 
seats was decided by six votes. That is Miller-Meeks, presently a 
Congresswoman from southeast Iowa. So we have that election 
demonstrating how every single vote matters and why only legally cast 
ballots ought to be counted.
  Citizen participation is a sacred cornerstone of representative 
government. The SAVE America Act gives Americans absolute confidence 
that their elected representatives won fair and square, by the people 
who are legally eligible to vote.
  There being no objection, the material was ordered to be printed in 
the Record, as follows:

       ``We don't have a problem with fraudulent voting, 
     especially in Iowa. We don't have a problem anywhere, but we 
     certainly don't have one in Iowa with the excellent election 
     process.''
       ``Please do NOT vote for the SAVE ACT. It addresses NO 
     ISSUE!!!''
       ``There is no voter fraud occurring in our elections . . . 
     no evidence of fraud.''
       ``No evidence of fraud in federal elections.''
       ``It is already illegal for non-citizens to vote in 
     national and state elections. Illegal voting by immigrants 
     very, very rarely happens in this country.''
       ``It is no surprise that noncitizen voting is extremely 
     rare and never significantly affects election outcomes.''
       ``There is no evidence of voter fraud that would justify 
     this legislation.''
       ``Evidence shows that noncitizen voting is nearly 
     nonexistent.''
       ``Why are they working so hard to create a law for a nearly 
     nonexistent problem?''
  Mr. GRASSLEY. I yield the floor.
  I suggest the absence of a quorum.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll.
  The senior assistant bill clerk proceeded to call the roll.
  Mr. THUNE. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the order for 
the quorum call be rescinded.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.


                   Recognition of the Majority Leader

  The majority leader is recognized.


                             Reconciliation

  Mr. THUNE. Mr. President, one thing you can always count on is that 
Democrats have a lot of nerve. The Democrat leader has been out and 
about, this week, criticizing Republicans for taking up reconciliation 
legislation to fund border security and immigration enforcement.
  This was his quote:

       Republicans are dragging the Senate through a partisan 
     circus just to avoid basic accountability for ICE and Border 
     Patrol.

  Let me repeat that:

       Republicans are dragging the Senate through a partisan 
     circus.

  Is he serious? Because the shoe is entirely on the other foot. 
Democrats, through their stubborn refusal to seriously engage in 
bipartisan negotiations and their ultimate refusal to fund law 
enforcement at all, have forced us into a position where the only way 
we can fund law enforcement and border security is through 
reconciliation.
  A big priority of mine, when I became leader, was conducting 
appropriations through regular order. And despite Democrats' decision 
to shut down the entire Federal Government for 43 days in the fall, we 
were well on our way to passing all of fiscal year 2026 appropriation 
bills--all 12.
  We had a bipartisan deal on DHS funding--DHS funding for the entire 
Department--that included additional funding for body cameras for 
Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents, deescalation training, and 
increased oversight of ICE funding.
  But then Democrats reneged on that agreement. But did Republicans 
then move to reconciliation? Not at all. We bent over backward to reach 
a new deal with Democrats. The White House repeatedly--repeatedly--
offered a robust package of reforms, and we spent weeks--weeks--trying 
to negotiate.
  But Democrats weren't interested in negotiation. A good example of 
that is that one of the offers that was made by the White House wasn't 
responded to by Democrats for 18 days. Eighteen days we kept coming out 
here saying: Come on. Give us a counteroffer here. You want reforms, 
you want changes made; let's sit down and figure that out.
  Just more stall, delay, obstruct.
  I would say they were interested in nothing but their exact list of 
demands with no compromises, but I strongly suspect that Democrats were 
never interested in a deal at all.
  And, in fact, after weeks of stonewalling, Democrats eventually made 
it clear that no deal was happening, which meant that either 
Republicans acceded to Democrats' refusal to fund law enforcement and 
border security or--or--we pursue the only option left to us, which is 
funding law enforcement and border security through reconciliation.
  If Democrats want to be the party of defunding law enforcement and 
open borders, then so be it. But we are not going to join Democrats in 
their irresponsible refusal to fund key parts of the Department of 
Homeland Security.
  Democrats refused to fund the deportation of criminal illegal aliens, 
individuals guilty of things like murder, assault, and sexual crimes 
against minors. They refused to fund drug interdiction and efforts to 
fight human trafficking. They refused to fund border security. That is 
right. They refused to fund the Border Patrol. These are all critical 
security priorities.
  So Republicans are going to fund them through reconciliation because 
the Democrats have left us no other option. And to prevent Democrats 
from voting to defund law enforcement once again in September, we are 
going to fund border security and immigration enforcement for the next 
3 years.
  If you want to see a partisan circus, look no further than Democrats' 
43-day government shutdown in the fall. Remember what that was about--
what that was over. It was over a clean, nonpartisan funding bill. And 
the Democrats' shutdown of the Department of Homeland Security happened 
because they couldn't take yes for an answer.
  Our national security, the functioning of our government, the 
salaries of government workers, all--all--have been repeatedly 
sacrificed this year thanks to Democrats' partisanship.
  I would say that the Democrat leader should be embarrassed by what 
his party has done to the Federal Government and to the Senate itself.
  Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the following Senators be 
permitted to speak prior to the scheduled rollcall vote: Senator 
Heinrich for up to 5 minutes, Senator Klobuchar for up to 5 minutes, 
and Senator Smith for up to 15 minutes.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
  I yield the floor.
  I suggest the absence of a quorum.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll.
  The senior assistant bill clerk proceeded to call the roll.
  Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the order 
for the quorum call be rescinded.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.


                   Recognition of the Minority Leader

  The Democratic leader is recognized.


                       Working Families Tax Cuts

  Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, well, today Trump is in Las Vegas trying 
to sell the American people on his tax policies and convince them that 
everything is going just dandy, but the reality for American families 
is that thanks to these deleterious policies people are hurting worse 
than before. Working families are hurting worse than before, middle-
class families are hurting worse than before; overall, because of 
Trump's policies, people are hurting.
  Here is the truth in Las Vegas. Here is the truth. If you are a hotel 
or casino owner in Las Vegas, if you are a multimillionaire, Donald 
Trump's tax policies have been very good to you; but if you are a hotel 
staffer, a waiter, a janitor, a DoorDash delivery driver, the tax 
policies don't come close to undoing the economic damage he has done to 
you.
  Again, if you are a hotel owner, a casino owner in Las Vegas, if you 
are a multimillionaire, Trump's tax policies

[[Page S1809]]

have been very, very good to you; but if you are a hotel staffer, a 
waiter, a janitor, a DoorDash delivery driver, Trump's tax policies 
don't come close to undoing the economic damage Trump has done to you 
and your family.
  And there are three major reasons Donald Trump's ``Big Ugly Bill'' 
has turned out to be a giant scam for most Americans. First, 
Republicans promised their ``Big Ugly Bill'' would mean tax refunds of 
more than a thousand dollars. That promise was false. The average 
refund is less than one-third of what the Republicans promised.
  Second, whatever benefit families may have gotten has already been 
devoured by Trump's policies that have led to higher gas prices, higher 
grocery prices, higher electric costs.
  For example, the average tax cut is maybe an extra $350. But thanks 
to Donald Trump's war in Iran alone, Americans will pay an extra $740 
this year just to fill up their tanks. Just like that, your tax break 
is gone, America. And that doesn't include the increase to healthcare 
costs, grocery costs, housing costs, electricity costs, and so much 
more.
  So the tax cut is more than undone by the rise in costs, the rise in 
costs that Americans feel just about across the board, so many of them, 
because of Donald Trump's policies.
  Third, Donald Trump's ``Big Ugly Bill'' is overwhelmingly skewed to 
benefit the rich. This is an old Republican trick: Give most of the tax 
breaks to the very wealthy, let a little bit trickle down to middle-
class people and call it a middle-class tax break. It is a tax break 
for the rich.
  While the average American might see a small tax increase, the 
ultrarich will see their taxes cut by more than a trillion dollars over 
the next decade.
  Republicans, if you wanted to make the tax cut a middle-class tax 
cut, put all of the money into the middle class, not a nickel to 
billionaire-millionaire tax cuts.
  The largest corporations will see a $65 billion tax cut in just 1 
year alone. Multimillionaires are getting a tax cut worth more than 
$300,000 a year.
  The vast majority of these tax breaks go to the very wealthy and the 
big corporations. To label this package of tax breaks a middle-class 
tax cut is just as close to lying as it comes.
  And for those of you who live in Las Vegas, don't forget, Trump's 
disastrous tariff policies and foreign policies are greatly cutting 
down on tourism in the United States and will greatly cut down on 
tourism to Las Vegas and Nevada, particularly this summer, the 
lifeblood of the Las Vegas and Nevada economies.
  And then when you add in the soaring costs of jet fuel that will 
raise airline tickets, that will be far more damage to the Nevada 
economy and Nevada families than any gain from Trump's tax policies.
  So, yes, if you are a multimillionaire or giant corporation, Trump's 
policies are really helping you. With Trump's policies, the owners of 
Las Vegas big hotels will do far better than the staff, the custodians, 
the drivers, or the servers.
  If you have to work for a living, Donald Trump's tax breaks, coupled 
with his other policies, are turning out to be a giant failure for you, 
putting your family in an economic hole.


                    Department of Homeland Security

  Mr. President, on Department of Homeland Security, well, all this 
week the Republican leader has come to the floor to try and pin his 
party's failure to fund the Department of Homeland Security on 
Democrats. He did it again today. He said we--Democrats--``shut down 
the appropriations process,'' and that ``Republicans have been forced 
to do this the hard way.''
  Let's be very clear about all of this. DHS has been shut down now for 
over 60 days for one reason and one reason only: Republicans have been 
so paralyzed by their own dysfunction that they cannot govern.
  Republican leaders in the House and the Senate are busy fighting with 
each other, and that is what has caused this paralysis.
  Remember, it was Thune's bill that we passed in the Senate at the end 
of the last work period, not a Democratic bill. It was Thune's bill. 
Thune put the bill on the floor to fund every single Agency within DHS 
except for ICE and Border Patrol, and it passed unanimously.
  It was Thune's bill; Democrats agreed and voted yes. In fact, 
Democrats agreed twice. It was Speaker Johnson, cowed by radical 
rightwing Republicans in the House, who stood in the way--not 
Democrats.
  If Johnson would have put the bill on the floor, which he was afraid 
to do, it would have passed. So if the majority leader wants to put an 
end to this Department of Homeland Security shutdown, he should start 
talking to Speaker Johnson in the House instead of pointing fingers at 
us.
  That is why DHS remains shut down, even though every single Democrat 
stands ready to fund agencies like TSA, FEMA, Coast Guard, and CISA and 
at a moment's notice.
  But this is not the path Republicans want to take. They do not seem 
interested in reaching a compromise to rein in ICE with exceedingly 
simple guardrails.
  We were clear from the start about what kind of reforms the American 
people want, and Republicans have never moved, never budged. 
Republicans seem so sickened, in fact, by the idea of basic reforms to 
ICE that they would rather take up weeks of the Senate's time, ramming 
through a party-line reconciliation package without a shred of the 
reforms that Americans demand, commonsense reforms that police 
departments in every part of the country obey: no masks, warrants when 
you break into someone's home, cooperating with local authorities.
  That is right, instead of passing legislation to lower gas prices, 
lower grocery prices, lower energy costs, Republicans want to hijack 
the Senate and spend weeks on reconciliation to ram through billions 
more for ICE with zero reforms.
  So while I have great respect for the Republican leader, the plain 
facts are these: Democrats are not the ones dragging this shutdown on; 
Republicans are.
  And, again, I say this to Leader Thune: Republicans could open DHS 
today, all they have to do is start listening to the American people 
and stop obeying Donald Trump and the MAGA radical right.


                                  Iran

  Mr. President, on Iran, there is an old saying that says ``success 
has a thousand fathers, but failure is an orphan.'' The Republicans who 
voted against our War Powers Resolution yesterday, they may try and 
dodge responsibility for Trump's failed war, but they have joint 
custody over this debate. And certainly the war is a debacle.
  After 48 days of destruction, carnage, and soaring costs here in 
America and around the world, Trump has no idea how to end this war, 
just as he had no plan when he started it. All this war has gotten us 
is a more radical Iranian regime with greater nuclear ambitions, a 
closed Strait of Hormuz, skyrocketing gas costs, and the ire of the 
world.
  Is anyone surprised that only one in four Americans think that 
``Operation Epic Failure'' has been worth it? That is what we call it, 
Operation Epic Failure.
  Trump isn't practicing the ``Art of the Deal''; Trump is practicing 
the ``Art of Defeat'', and he seems all too good at it. Republicans are 
kidding themselves if they think they can distance themselves from 
Trump's Iran blunder by sitting on the sidelines.
  When it comes to war and peace--the most important decision a 
legislator can make--Republicans in the Senate and the House have an 
obligation to take a stand, but they are putting their heads in the 
sand. They haven't even had one hearing on this war. This is a war that 
has gone on close to 50 days, creating huge problems for our economy, 
huge problems for our national security, and not one hearing? What are 
you afraid of?
  Republicans have had four opportunities to support our War Powers 
Resolution, to finally reassert Congress' constitutional authority, and 
each time they have said no. But the debate is not over. Next week, 
Republicans will have to answer the question again: Do you want endless 
war with Iran, yes or no?
  Senate Democrats will bring our War Powers Resolution to the floor 
for a vote next week and every week that Trump's war continues.
  Republican silence is a stamp of approval. Republican silence is a 
stamp

[[Page S1810]]

of approval, saying they will support, acquiesce, and go along with 
this disaster.
  I thank Senator Duckworth for introducing this resolution and arguing 
for it so eloquently as only she can.
  And I want to thank Senator Kaine for keeping this pressing issue on 
the top of the mind for the Senate and for the Nation. The same goes 
for Senator Booker and so many in our caucus who have participated in 
this debate.


              Tribute to Assistant Chief Sean P. Gallagher

  Finally, on Assistant Chief Sean Gallagher, I want to join the rest 
of the Senate today in saying thank you and goodbye to one of the most 
beloved members of the Capitol Police, Assistant Chief Sean Gallagher. 
He retires today after 25 incredible years. He joined the Department in 
April of 2001 and has been a part of keeping the Capitol Complex safe 
during some of the most consequential moments in our Nation's history, 
from national crises, to Presidential inaugurations, to papal visits, 
and so much more.
  After January 6, he led the establishment of the Department's peer 
support program, and helped create the Howard C. Liebengood Center for 
Wellness to support officer well-being.
  We thank Assistant Chief Gallagher for 25 years of service to the 
U.S. Capitol Police, to Congress, and to our Nation.
  We say goodbye and thank you on your retirement.
  I yield the floor.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Minnesota.


                             H.J. Res. 140

  Ms. KLOBUCHAR. Mr. President, we have a vote before us today, and 
this vote is involving an unprecedented use of a procedural mechanism 
that would have far-reaching consequences, not just for the beautiful 
Boundary Waters Canoe Area in Minnesota, but for public lands across 
our country.
  And I want to thank my colleagues, including, of course, Senator 
Smith who you are about to hear from, Senators Heinrich and Baldwin for 
speaking out against this resolution on the floor last night.
  I have especially been careful when you look at a project like the 
one proposed here that is so close to the cherished Boundary Waters 
Canoe Area, and I continue to have concerns about this administration's 
intention and their disregard of science across the board in every 
Agency in the government, but especially when you are looking at 
something like this.
  So, as many of my colleagues know, I am the granddaughter of an iron 
ore miner. My grandpa loved that life, but he mostly also loved the 
time he had in the outdoors. He would go down in a cage 1,500 feet 
every single day with the lunch bucket that my grandma would pack for 
him, that black lunch bucket.
  I always thought, what did he think when he was going down every day, 
when he was saving money in a coffee can to send his two sons to 
college when he never even got to graduate from high school? Well, he 
would think of the outdoors because he loved to hunt, he loved to fish, 
and he loved to pick blueberries.
  In his later years, he became a foreman of the mine. I would meet 
people when I was first running for the U.S. Senate up in Northern 
Minnesota, where my relatives live, and they would say to me: You know, 
my dad worked with your grandpa.
  They said: A lot of times, the foremen would never go down when they 
found a new part of the mine. They would always stay up at the top and 
radio down. But your grandpa always went with the guys, and he always 
went first.
  That was my grandpa.
  So the joy he had was the outdoors.
  That mining life is so important in Northern Minnesota. And I have 
stood with our miners. I have stood with them when steel was dumped 
from China. I have brought the former President's Chief of Staff up to 
Northern Minnesota, where we met with steelworkers, where we met with 
mine owners, and we have made the case for changes. We have made the 
case for their benefit. We have made the case for them. And that is why 
we are getting a new mine, Mesabi Metallics, which is a taconite mine 
that I just visited last week. It is incredible. Hundreds and hundreds 
of new jobs are about to open, construction jobs. That permitting 
process has been fair, and it has been fast. But what we have today is 
something else.
  It has always been a balance of the working life and mining and the 
outdoors. My family values the outdoors. My mom and dad met in the Twin 
Cities Hiking Club, and generations of Minnesotans have found the same 
joy up north.
  So let's talk about H.J. Res. 140. It would threaten public lands 
across the country. So many of our colleagues know this. Senator Smith 
has made this case ardently and repeatedly.
  Secretaries of the Interior have long had the ability to issue public 
land orders to reserve Federal land for specific uses, setting it aside 
for things like infrastructure, certain military purposes, training, 
border security protection, and, yes, conservation. But now, for the 
first time, the Congressional Review Act is being used to rescind the 
public land order that bans mining in the Boundary Waters for 20 years.
  Senator Heinrich, the ranking member on the Interior Committee, will 
soon tell you that this is unprecedented. Public land orders have never 
been considered rules under the CRA and have never been submitted to 
Congress' rules.
  The Bureau of Land Management and the Forest Service conducted a 
public input process.
  Today, the CRA before the Senate is being used simply as a way of 
revoking the land withdrawal without having to conduct the level of 
public engagement that is expected.
  The unprecedented use of the CRA will have broader disruptive impacts 
on the ability of land management agencies to oversee public lands all 
across the country. Yes, this is focused on Northern Minnesota today, 
but where will it be next time? What part of your State will it be 
focused on? What will happen to your public lands?
  If this CRA resolution were approved, public access to some of the 
Nation's most treasured landscapes could be lost and the careful 
management of their lands and waters eliminated.
  There are hundreds of public land orders that have been issued to 
protect our public lands that would be put at risk. Twenty-five 
military withdrawals would no longer be considered final. The CRA could 
even threaten the protected status of the Grand Canyon.
  So I will close with this, as I did last night. Sigurd Olson, the 
great Ely, MN, author and conservationist who went from that small, 
hardscrabble mining town to great national prominence, someone who 
loved the land and was a beautiful author--he wrote:

       Joys come from simple and natural things: mists over 
     meadows, sunlight on leaves, the path of the moon over water.

  That is the Boundary Waters to me. That is the Boundary Waters to so 
many people in Minnesota and across our country.
  In 1978, President Jimmy Carter signed into law Hubert Humphrey's 
bill to protect this area by creating the Boundary Waters Canoe Area 
Wilderness.
  This was a special, special place to my dad and to our family. My dad 
actually went to Ely Junior College when Sigurd Olson was the dean, and 
that launched a lifelong friendship. I found books of Sigurd Olson's in 
my dad's belongings after we lost him, with notes of my dad of their 
meetings together and their time together.
  As my dad said, the Boundary Waters is a million acres of waterways 
and forests unlike any in the United States. So we should be preserving 
and treating these public lands as treasures, not messing around like 
is happening today.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from New Mexico.
  Mr. HEINRICH. Mr. President, why are we here today? We are here today 
because some people want to abuse the Congressional Review Act and use 
it in a way it has never been used before.
  The Boundary Waters is protected from copper sulfide mining because 
there was a secretarial order that was put in place, a narrow order 
authorized by statute under FLPMA--the Federal Land Policy and 
Management Act--which specifically spells out the Secretary of the 
Interior's authority to do this. It is not a regulation.
  The Congressional Review Act was written to prevent regulatory 
overreach. Regulations are broad. They

[[Page S1811]]

apply to large swaths of the country. They are not things that are 
authorized specifically in statute.
  This has never been done before, and if we do this here, if we do it 
to the delegation from Minnesota, who has spoken up again and again and 
again about why this is wrong, what about when it is aimed at Montana? 
what about when it is aimed at Alaska? what about when it is aimed at 
South Dakota?
  This is wrong. And why are we doing it? To pad the pockets of the 
President's buddy from Chile so that he can take our minerals--our 
minerals, the American people's minerals--send them to China, process 
them in China, and then maybe sell them back to the American people 
with a tariff. This is nuts. Is that ``America First''? That is 
``America Last.''
  What is at stake? What is at stake is a million acres of the most 
pristine public lands in the United States, places where my kids have 
canoed and fished and forged their identities. We are going to do that 
to Minnesota? We are going to do that to the delegation from Minnesota? 
We are going to do that to the American people who cherish this place?
  Twenty percent of the National Forest Service System's freshwater is 
in these Boundary Waters, and we are going to pollute that with 
sulfuric acid? This company plans to dump millions of tons of waste 
rock on this site. That will never be removed. It will be sitting 
there, waiting for the air and the water to turn that waste rock full 
of sulfides into sulfuric acid.
  I can tell you as somebody who has been a natural resources trustee, 
who has had to negotiate with copper companies in my own State, that 
this type of copper mining has never been done without polluting the 
water--never. Not once. So we are guaranteeing that we are going to 
pollute the Boundary Waters.
  It is fashionable today to talk about selling off the public lands. 
These places--this place that people like Teddy Roosevelt and Sigurd 
Olson and so many others fought to preserve--they are the anvil on 
which we have forged our collective identity as a country. They are the 
places we are still free. They are not places to sell off to some 
foreign company for a few years of profit, a few years versus a century 
of identity for the people of Minnesota and this country.
  This is a dark day for this body. This is a stain on what the Senate 
used to be but certainly is not today.
  The public lands are the one thing, when I go home, that unites my 
constituents from left to right. Whether you are a bowhunter or a bunny 
hugger, it doesn't matter--they love our public lands, and they care 
about our public lands.
  There are many places that we can mine and do it right. My dad worked 
for Anaconda Copper. My grandfather was a gold miner. This is a 
boondoggle. This is wrong.
  I yield the floor.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Minnesota.
  Ms. SMITH. Mr. President, I want to start by just thanking my 
colleague from Minnesota, Senator Klobuchar, and Senator Heinrich and 
Senator Baldwin and all of my colleagues on both sides of the aisle who 
have joined me in opposing H.J. Res. 140.
  I start from this place: One of our most important responsibilities, 
I think, in this body is to protect our precious public spaces--those 
places that, as Senator Heinrich just said so eloquently, helped to 
forge our national identity and connect us to our past and to our 
future. I am thinking of places like Yosemite and the Black Hills of 
South Dakota, the Grand Canyon, and, of course, the Boundary Waters.
  Traditionally, historically in this body, we have approached our 
responsibilities to protect these precious places with a sense of 
balance. We think of the value of the wilderness itself. We also think 
of the need for economic opportunities for our constituents. We think 
of our responsibilities around stewardship of these places, of these 
natural resources.
  In that balancing effort that we have traditionally tried to take, we 
are guided by the science; we are guided by public input, what people 
in these parts of the country think is the best thing to do, because 
those folks that are closest to the issues, closest to the land are 
going to have the best ideas about what should happen to the land. 
Also, we are guided by the longstanding trust and treaty obligations 
that the Federal Government has to the Tribal nations, a sovereign 
relationship that goes beyond just the laws of this country.
  This is actually what Minnesota knows how to do. We know how to 
strike this balance. Minnesota is the No. 1 producer in the country of 
iron ore. The battleships and the tanks of World War II were built with 
Minnesota iron.
  Minnesota is also moving down the path of figuring out how to safely 
and responsibly mine the copper and the nickel and the platinum group 
of metals that are there in the Duluth Complex up in Northern 
Minnesota. You can see it in the maps that I was showing last night.
  But Minnesota also understands--we know that you can support mining, 
but that does not mean that you support every mine in every place. I 
think that this is bipartisan. We understand this in our country. We 
can support the need for mining, but that doesn't mean that we mine on 
the edge of Chaco Canyon or on the rim of the Grand Canyon, and it does 
not mean that we think that a copper sulfide mine on the doorstep of 
the Boundary Waters is a good idea.

  Colleagues, what you are about to do, should you end up passing H.J. 
Res. 140--what you are about to do is fly in the face of that balance 
that has traditionally been a bipartisan goal, something that we have 
traditionally worked on together. You are about--should you make this 
vote, you are about to overturn a public land order that was put in 
place 3 years ago that stopped not all mining--not all mining, 
colleagues--but this particular kind of copper sulfide mining for 20 
years in just one place--in this one place--in the Superior National 
Forest on the doorstep of the Boundary Waters.
  If this is the decision that you end up making, colleagues, in this 
goal that we have of striking a balance, you are picking one side over 
the other. You are putting your thumb on the wrong side. When it comes 
to protecting this precious place, you are choosing the wrong side 
because you are not protecting this place that needs our support, that 
needs our protection.
  Colleagues, the outdoor economy and outdoor recreation is essential 
to the vibrancy of Northern Minnesota. You are not choosing that if you 
make this decision, and you support H.J. Res. 140.
  Of the small business people who count on the economy of Northern 
Minnesota and the outdoor recreation economy, I have a letter here from 
dozens and dozens of Minnesota small businesses beseeching the Senate 
to oppose H.J. Res. 140, and the reason is they tell us right here.
  They say:

       The love for the Boundary Waters powers a strong and 
     enduring recreation economy in Northeastern Minnesota . . . 
     17,000 jobs and over $1 billion in sales annually in the 
     region.

  Many small businesses have been able to grow and develop and support 
their families because of the access to this incredible resource of the 
Boundary Waters. But, no, colleagues, you would not be choosing that in 
this balance that we are trying to strike.
  Colleagues, if you support H.J. Res. 140, you are ignoring what 
Minnesota wants, not only the hundreds of thousands of people who sent 
in their public comments during the process of setting aside this space 
and protecting it from mining but the 70 percent of Minnesotans who 
say: No, we do not want this mine in this place. We want our elected 
leaders to protect--to protect--the Boundary Waters.
  I want to be clear because there has been a question about this. This 
is not just people from the Twin Cities who go up to the Boundary 
Waters to visit. This is everybody in Minnesota. This is people who 
live in Northeastern Minnesota who want to see this protection done.
  So, colleagues, if you support H.J. Res. 140, you are also choosing 
to ignore the trust and the treaty obligations that we have to the 
Chippewa Tribes in Northern Minnesota. You are saying: Nope. We are not 
going to pay any attention to that. That doesn't matter.
  You know that this mine is going to infringe on their hunting and 
fishing

[[Page S1812]]

rights, on their rights to harvest wild rice, but you are saying: I am 
not going to come down on that side of the scale.
  What you are going to do if you support H.J. Res. 140 is you are 
going to come down--who is the winner here? You are going to come down 
on the side of a Chilean billionaire, a Chilean billionaire who owns 
the largest copper mine--the largest copper company--in the whole 
world, a Chilean billionaire who is going to take our minerals, ship 
them to the Pacific coast, where they are going to go to China to get 
smelted--where this company has a sweetheart deal with their smelters. 
Then, if we are lucky, that copper is going to be sold back to us at a 
profit.
  That is not an ``America First'' strategy, colleagues. That is a 
``Chilean Billionaire First'' strategy.
  I can't help but just recognize that, as we are on the cusp of making 
this decision in the Senate, isn't it ironic that President Trump, who 
says that he is a supporter of miners and that he stands with 
steelworkers, is about to use foreign steel to build his billionaire 
ballroom off of the White House? What is that about?
  Now, look, I understand that there are different perspectives on this 
mining issue--I see this play out every single day in my beloved State 
of Minnesota--but as you vote, I ask you to think about this: I ask you 
to think about the precedent that you are setting here because here is 
what I have learned after having been in the Senate for the last 9 
years: What goes around comes around. What goes around comes around 
because what you would be doing here, colleagues, is you would be 
allowing this public land order to be rescinded under the Congressional 
Review Act. This is a dangerous precedent. This has never been done 
before. Public land orders have never previously been submitted by any 
administration, including the Trump administration, as rules subject to 
the CRA. This would be the first one submitted even though this public 
land order was submitted 3 years ago, processed legally, and done by 
the book--done by the book that Congress wrote.
  So what does this really mean if this is the step that the Senate 
takes today?
  What this would mean is that any public land order that has been done 
over, potentially, decades could then be rescinded by some partisan act 
of Congress just willy-nilly. Think about what this means. It means 
mineral leases, and it means timber public land orders in North Dakota. 
It means that any public land order that has been out there in the past 
or potentially any administrative action could be just undone under a 
privileged process in the U.S. Senate.
  Colleagues, I beseech you not to do this. I know that this is a 
terrible thing for us to do. I know that not only will it have impacts 
for my beloved Boundary Waters in my State but that it will have 
impacts in all of our States.
  So, as I close, I want to speak directly to the Minnesota people who 
care so much about the Boundary Waters and who care so much about the 
precious places that we have all over this country.
  You have organized. You have made calls. You have sent messages. I am 
thinking about the hunting and fishing groups. I am thinking about the 
outdoor groups. I am thinking about the Minnesota citizens and American 
citizens. I am thinking about all of the Tribal leaders and members who 
have made your voices heard.
  I want everyone to know that whatever the outcome of this vote this 
afternoon, that we will not stop fighting, and we will not stop our 
work to protect the Boundary Waters. Of all the places that we have in 
this country, this place has such special meaning. It is a sacred 
place, and we will never stop defending it.
  I yield the floor.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will read the joint resolution by 
title for the third time.
  The joint resolution was ordered to a third reading and was read the 
third time.


                         Vote on H.J. Res. 140

  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The joint resolution having been read the 
third time, the question is, Shall the joint resolution pass?
  Mrs. MOODY. Mr. President, I ask for the yeas and nays.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a sufficient second?
  There appears to be a sufficient second.
  The clerk will call the roll.
  The legislative clerk called the roll.
  Mr. BARRASSO. The following Senator is necessarily absent: the 
Senator from Missouri (Mr. Hawley).
  The result was announced--yeas 50, nays 49, as follows:

                      [Rollcall Vote No. 84 Leg.]

                                YEAS--50

     Armstrong
     Banks
     Barrasso
     Blackburn
     Boozman
     Britt
     Budd
     Capito
     Cassidy
     Cornyn
     Cotton
     Cramer
     Crapo
     Cruz
     Curtis
     Daines
     Ernst
     Fischer
     Graham
     Grassley
     Hagerty
     Hoeven
     Husted
     Hyde-Smith
     Johnson
     Justice
     Kennedy
     Lankford
     Lee
     Lummis
     Marshall
     McConnell
     McCormick
     Moody
     Moran
     Moreno
     Murkowski
     Paul
     Ricketts
     Risch
     Rounds
     Schmitt
     Scott (FL)
     Scott (SC)
     Sheehy
     Sullivan
     Thune
     Tuberville
     Wicker
     Young

                                NAYS--49

     Alsobrooks
     Baldwin
     Bennet
     Blumenthal
     Blunt Rochester
     Booker
     Cantwell
     Collins
     Coons
     Cortez Masto
     Duckworth
     Durbin
     Fetterman
     Gallego
     Gillibrand
     Hassan
     Heinrich
     Hickenlooper
     Hirono
     Kaine
     Kelly
     Kim
     King
     Klobuchar
     Lujan
     Markey
     Merkley
     Murphy
     Murray
     Ossoff
     Padilla
     Peters
     Reed
     Rosen
     Sanders
     Schatz
     Schiff
     Schumer
     Shaheen
     Slotkin
     Smith
     Tillis
     Van Hollen
     Warner
     Warnock
     Warren
     Welch
     Whitehouse
     Wyden

                             NOT VOTING--1

       
     Hawley
       
  The joint resolution (H.J. Res. 140) was passed.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Hagerty). The Senator from Alaska.
  Mr. SULLIVAN. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that with 
respect to H.J. Res. 140, the motion to reconsider be considered made 
and laid upon the table.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.

                          ____________________