[Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 49 (Wednesday, March 18, 2026)]
[Senate]
[Pages S1249-S1251]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]

  SA 4534. Mr. WYDEN submitted an amendment intended to be proposed by 
him to the bill S. 1383, to establish the Veterans Advisory Committee 
on Equal Access, and for other purposes; which was ordered to lie on 
the table; as follows:

       At the appropriate place, insert the following:

                      TITLE ___--WATERSHED PILOTS

     SEC. __01. SHORT TITLE.

       This title may be cited as the ``Watershed Results Act''.

     SEC. __02. DEFINITIONS.

       In this title:
       (1) Advance watershed analytics.--The term ``advance 
     watershed analytics'' means the technical analysis that--
       (A) is conducted before providing funding for a watershed 
     outcomes project;
       (B) identifies and quantifies the outcomes and costs of all 
     potential qualifying activities across the watershed outcomes 
     project; and
       (C) assesses how different groups of qualifying activities 
     in the watershed outcomes project could efficiently maximize 
     outcomes for the least cost.
       (2) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term 
     ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
       (A) the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the 
     Senate; and
       (B) the Committee on Natural Resources of the House of 
     Representatives.
       (3) Eligible entity.--The term ``eligible entity'' 
     includes--
       (A) a State, Indian Tribe, Tribal organization, irrigation 
     district, or water district;
       (B) a State, regional, or local authority, the members of 
     which include 1 or more organizations with water or power 
     delivery authority;
       (C) any other organization with water or power delivery 
     authority; and
       (D) any nongovernmental entity.
       (4) Pay-for-performance contract.--The term ``pay-for-
     performance contract'' means a contract to purchase verified 
     outcomes produced by implemented qualifying activities in a 
     watershed outcomes project at a negotiated price.
       (5) Qualifying activity.--The term ``qualifying activity'' 
     means a conservation project carried out in a watershed 
     identified through advance watershed analytics as having a 
     high likelihood of cost-effectively achieving 1 or more 
     outcomes if implement consistent with applicable performance 
     standards made available under section __03(e)(4).
       (6) Reclamation state.--The term ``Reclamation State'' 
     means--
       (A) a State or territory described in the first section of 
     the Act of June 17, 1902 (32 Stat. 388, chapter 1093; 43 
     U.S.C. 391);
       (B) the State of Hawaii;
       (C) the State of Alaska; and
       (D) the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico.
       (7) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
     of the Interior, acting through the Commissioner of 
     Reclamation.
       (8) Watershed outcomes project.--The term ``watershed 
     outcomes project'' means the overall watershed project 
     managed by the watershed partner.
       (9) Watershed partner.--The term ``watershed partner'' 
     means an eligible entity selected by the Secretary under 
     section __03(a)(2) to carry out a watershed outcomes project.

     SEC. __03. WATERSHED OUTCOMES PROJECTS.

       (a) Proposals; Selection.--The Secretary shall--
       (1) not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of 
     this Act, solicit the submission from eligible entities of 
     proposals to develop and implement a strategy that develops 
     and uses advance watershed analytics to cost-effectively 
     carry out watershed outcomes projects to achieve meaningful 
     watershed-scale outcomes in a Reclamation State; and
       (2) from among the proposals submitted under paragraph (1), 
     select a watershed partner for each watershed to complete 
     advance watershed analytics, carry out watershed outcomes 
     projects in a Reclamation State, manage watershed partnership 
     duties during the term of the partnership agreement, and 
     support pay-for-performance contracts.
       (b) Guidelines and Criteria for Proposals.--The Secretary--

[[Page S1250]]

       (1) shall develop criteria and guidelines for the 
     submission and selection of proposals under subsection (a); 
     and
       (2) for purposes of developing the criteria and guidelines 
     under paragraph (1), may consider--
       (A) the scope of the proposed watershed outcomes project, 
     including the selected subregion or basin-level watershed for 
     consideration;
       (B) the purpose and goals of the proposed watershed 
     outcomes project;
       (C) any stakeholder outreach conducted with respect to the 
     proposed watershed outcomes project;
       (D) evidence of widespread support within the local 
     community for, the proposed watershed outcomes project;
       (E) the capability of the watershed partner to perform the 
     required duties in accordance with subsection (d);
       (F) how the watershed partner will procure and use advance 
     watershed analytics to identify and quantify the outcomes and 
     costs of all potential qualifying activities for the proposed 
     watershed outcomes project;
       (G) estimated costs of completing advance watershed 
     analytics and operating the proposed watershed outcomes 
     project;
       (H) the anticipated qualifying activity types that are 
     relevant for the selected watershed identified under 
     subparagraph (A); and
       (I) plans for monitoring, evaluating, and reporting on 
     progress made toward achieving the outcomes of the proposed 
     watershed outcomes project.
       (c) Partnership Agreements.--
       (1) In general.--The Secretary may enter into a partnership 
     agreement with a watershed partner selected under subsection 
     (a)(2) to design and implement a watershed outcomes project 
     that uses advance watershed analytics to achieve meaningful 
     watershed-scale outcomes in accordance with this section.
       (2) Term.--
       (A) In general.--A partnership agreement entered into under 
     paragraph (1) shall be for a term--
       (i) of not more 5 years; or
       (ii) if the Secretary determines that a longer term is 
     necessary to meet the objectives of the watershed outcomes 
     project, a longer term established by the Secretary.
       (B) Renewal.--A partnership agreement entered into under 
     paragraph (1) may be renewed for a term of not more than 5 
     years.
       (C) Extension.--A partnership agreement entered into under 
     paragraph (1) or renewed under subparagraph (B) may be 
     extended 1 time for a term of not more than 2 years, as 
     determined by the Secretary.
       (3) Technical and financial assistance.--Through a 
     partnership agreement entered into under paragraph (1), the 
     Secretary shall provide to a watershed partner--
       (A) technical or financial assistance to design and 
     implement a watershed outcomes project; and
       (B) grants, cooperative agreements, or other financial 
     assistance to support--
       (i) the activities under subparagraph (A); and
       (ii) performance payments to qualifying activities under 
     subsection (g)(4).
       (4) Project development costs.--The Secretary may annually 
     award to a watershed partner an amount equal to not more than 
     50 percent of estimated costs of the watershed outcomes 
     project to carry out the duties described in subsection (d).
       (d) Duties of Watershed Partners.--Under a partnership 
     agreement entered into under subsection (c)(1), the Secretary 
     shall establish duties to be carried out by the watershed 
     partner, including considering establishing the following 
     duties:
       (1) Preparing a funding and implementation strategy that 
     uses advance watershed analytics to cost-effectively carry 
     out a watershed outcomes project by selecting a sufficient 
     number of qualifying activities to achieve meaningful 
     watershed-scale outcomes by--
       (A) completing advance watershed analytics to identify and 
     quantify the outcomes and costs of all potential qualifying 
     activities for the watershed outcomes project;
       (B) establishing baseline metrics to support the 
     development of setting outcome prices and performance 
     standards for the watershed outcomes project;
       (C) developing performance standards for the watershed 
     outcomes project;
       (D) leveraging financial assistance provided by the 
     Secretary to secure additional funds for the watershed 
     outcomes project;
       (E) designing, recruiting, and verifying qualifying 
     activities for the watershed outcomes project; and
       (F) providing outcome and financial accounting services 
     relating to qualifying activities carried out to achieve 
     outcomes.
       (2) Using the strategy prepared under paragraph (1) to 
     prioritize qualifying activity outreach efforts.
       (3) Working with local stakeholders to recruit and design 
     an implementation-ready queue of priority qualifying 
     activities.
       (4) Ensuring that any proposed priority qualifying 
     activities have the support of affected local stakeholders.
       (5) Setting activity outcome prices and developing 
     performance standards for qualifying activities.
       (6) Developing a plan to carry out qualifying activities 
     having a high likelihood of cost-effectively achieving 1 or 
     more outcomes described in subsection (f) if implemented 
     consistent with the applicable performance standards made 
     available by the Secretary under subsection (e)(4).
       (7) Selecting, developing pay-for-performance contracts 
     for, funding, and carrying out qualifying activities, in 
     accordance with the plan developed under paragraph (6), to 
     achieve meaningful watershed-scale outcomes.
       (8)(A) Quantifying the outcomes for qualifying activities.
       (B) Verifying that qualifying activities have been 
     implemented consistent with applicable performance standards.
       (C) Providing applicable documentation to the Secretary 
     with respect to the information quantified and verified under 
     subparagraphs (A) and (B).
       (9) Monitoring qualifying activities at appropriate levels 
     to confirm ongoing performance.
       (10) Other duties necessary to carry out a watershed 
     outcomes project, as determined to be necessary by the 
     Secretary.
       (e) Duties of Secretary.--Under a partnership agreement 
     entered into under subsection (c), the Secretary shall--
       (1) ensure that there is widespread support within the 
     local community for the watershed outcomes project;
       (2) verify the advance watershed analytics completed by the 
     watershed partner, to the maximum extent practicable;
       (3) ensure that there are made available to the public 
     outcome price tables, by qualifying activity type, for use as 
     the basis for negotiating pay-for-performance contracts for 
     the applicable watershed outcomes project;
       (4) ensure that there are made available to the public 
     qualifying activity and watershed outcomes project 
     performance standards that are to be used as the basis for--
       (A) identifying, quantifying, and verifying qualifying 
     activity outcomes; and
       (B) executing pay-for-performance contracts;
       (5) review outcome quantification and verification 
     documentation provided by the watershed partner under 
     subsection (d)(8)(C);
       (6) provide to a watershed partner financial assistance to 
     purchase verified outcomes from qualifying activities in a 
     watershed outcomes project, at prices set for the watershed 
     outcomes project in accordance with this section; and
       (7) coordinate with other Federal agencies, to the maximum 
     extent practicable, to help leverage and concentrate funding 
     into watershed outcomes projects.
       (f) Required Outcomes for Qualifying Activities.--To be 
     eligible for a performance payment under subsection (g)(4), a 
     qualified activity shall produce 1 or more measurable, 
     clearly defined outcomes that result in a quantifiable and 
     verifiable--
       (1) increase in surface water or groundwater;
       (2) increase in aquatic habitat quality, quantity, 
     connectivity, or access in a watershed;
       (3) surface water or groundwater quality improvement, 
     including water temperature reductions, or a reduction in 
     salinity or nutrient or sediment runoff associated with 
     irrigated agriculture; or
       (4) other quantifiable benefits, as determined by the 
     Secretary, likely to improve watershed health in the 
     watershed outcomes project.
       (g) Financial Assistance for Qualifying Activities in 
     Watershed Outcomes Projects.--
       (1) Leveraging federal funding.--To achieve meaningful 
     watershed-scale outcomes, amounts made available under 
     section __05 may be used to satisfy any cost-sharing 
     requirement with respect to carrying out a watershed outcomes 
     project.
       (2) Federal share.--The Federal share of grants or other 
     financial assistance for a watershed outcomes project under 
     this title shall be not more than 75 percent of the total 
     cost of the watershed outcomes project.
       (3) Watershed partner contributions.--The Secretary may--
       (A) accept non-Federal contributions for a watershed 
     outcomes project, including funding or financing secured by 
     the watershed partner in accordance with the strategy 
     developed under subsection (d)(1); and
       (B) use amounts accepted under subparagraph (A) to carry 
     out activities authorized under this title in the watershed 
     outcomes project.
       (4) Performance payments.--Not later than 90 days after the 
     date on which a watershed partner verifies the outcomes 
     generated from qualifying activities and confirms that the 
     qualifying activity has been implemented consistent with the 
     performance standards of the applicable watershed outcomes 
     project, the Secretary shall provide financial assistance to 
     the watershed partner to support performance payments.
       (h) Maximum Number of Watershed Outcomes Projects.--Not 
     more than a total of 5 watershed outcomes projects may be 
     carried out under this section.
       (i) Restrictions on Use of Advance Watershed Analytics 
     Data.--
       (1) In general.--Nothing in this title affects or modifies 
     existing law with respect to the treatment of personal data 
     in the conduct by an employee of the Federal Government or a 
     designee of an employee of the Federal Government in carrying 
     out official duties of the Federal employee or designee under 
     this title.
       (2) Data collection.--All information or data collected or 
     assembled by a Federal employee or a designee of a Federal 
     employee

[[Page S1251]]

     to complete advance watershed analytics activities, directly 
     or indirectly, under this title--
       (A) shall be used for the sole purpose of identifying, 
     prioritizing, and funding qualifying activities in a 
     watershed outcomes project; and
       (B) shall be considered to be confidential commercial 
     information that is exempt from disclosure under section 
     552(b)(4) of title 5, United States Code (commonly known as 
     the ``Freedom of Information Act'').
       (3) Applicability to watershed partners.--Any restrictions 
     on a Federal employee under this section shall apply to an 
     employee of a watershed partner.
       (j) Effect.--Nothing in this title creates, impairs, 
     alters, or supersedes a Federal or State water right.

     SEC. __04. BRIEFING; REPORTS.

       (a) Annual Briefing or Report.--For each fiscal year for 
     which a watershed outcomes project is carried out under 
     section __03, not later than the date on which the budget of 
     the United States Government is submitted by the President 
     under section 1105 of title 31, United States Code, for that 
     fiscal year, the Secretary shall provide to the appropriate 
     committees of Congress a briefing or report describing the 
     status of each watershed outcomes project, including progress 
     towards the applicable strategy prepared under section 
     __03(d)(1), including any payments made for outcomes.
       (b) 5-Year Report.--Not later than October 1 of the fifth 
     fiscal year in which a watershed outcomes project is carried 
     out under section __03, the Secretary shall submit to the 
     appropriate committees of Congress a report that--
       (1) summarizes--
       (A) the projected results of the qualifying activities in 
     the watershed outcomes project in meeting the strategy 
     prepared under section __03(d)(1);
       (B) the projected outcomes of the watershed outcomes 
     project;
       (C) the total amount of funds secured for the watershed 
     outcomes project;
       (D) the type of funding expended under the watershed 
     outcomes project; and
       (E) such other information as the Secretary determines to 
     be appropriate; and
       (2) includes recommendations for continuing, terminating, 
     or making permanent the authorizations under this title.

     SEC. __05. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS.

       There is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to 
     carry out this title $17,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
     2026 through 2031.
                                 ______