[Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 20 (Wednesday, January 28, 2026)]
[Senate]
[Pages S301-S307]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




                          LEGISLATIVE SESSION

                                 ______
                                 

   CONSOLIDATED APPROPRIATIONS ACT, 2026--Motion to Proceed--Resumed

  The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore. Under the previous order, the 
Senate resumed consideration of the motion to proceed to H.R. 7148, 
which the clerk will report.
  The senior assistant executive clerk read as follows:

       Motion to proceed to Calendar No. 302, H.R. 7148, a bill 
     making further consolidated appropriations for the fiscal 
     year ending September 30, 2026, and for other purposes.


                   Recognition of the Majority Leader

  The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore. The majority leader is recognized.


                       Working Families Tax Cuts

  Mr. THUNE. Mr. President, this past Monday was the start of tax 
filing season. Now, I know most Americans aren't usually excited about 
the start of tax season, but this year, there is less reason for dread 
because thanks to the Working Families Tax Cuts, most Americans are 
going to see a lower tax bill. That means bigger tax refunds for a lot 
of Americans, as much as $1,000 more than last year, according to some 
analysts.
  The Working Families Tax Cuts is literally putting more money in 
Americans' pockets. As the American people file their tax returns this 
year, they will see the numerous ways the Working Families Tax Cuts 
benefit them.
  Thanks to this legislation, Americans can count on more money in 
their pockets for the long term. For most Americans, tax relief starts 
with their tax rate and the standard deduction, which over 90 percent 
of taxpayers in this country claim.
  In 2017, Republicans lowered tax rates across the board and just 
about doubled the standard deduction. In our landmark bill last year, 
Republicans made that relief permanent, and then we raised the standard 
deduction even further.
  On top of that, we created a bonus deduction for seniors, an 
additional

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$6,000 deduction to reduce the tax burden of more than 30 million 
Americans over the age of 65.
  Then there is the significant tax relief we delivered for families. 
In 2017, Republicans doubled--doubled--the child tax credit. Last year, 
we raised it even further to $2,200 per child. And then, we linked the 
child tax credit to inflation, which means its value will keep pace 
with families' actual costs, and again that is also permanent.
  Parents will also have the opportunity to open new investment 
accounts for their newborns when they file their taxes this season. 
Those accounts provide another tax advantage option for parents to 
invest in their children's future. The money can be used after kids 
turn 18 for their education, to start a business, to buy their first 
home; in short, to take advantage of opportunities available to them 
and get a head start on their American dream.
  Those are retroactive to 2025. So parents who had a baby last year 
can apply for one of these accounts when they file their taxes this 
season. Hard-working Americans are the ones who benefit from 
Republicans' landmark tax relief bill.
  Perhaps the biggest boost goes to those Americans who earn tips and 
overtime pay. Waiters, busboys, hairstylists and barbers, Uber, Lyft, 
and taxi drivers are among the hard-working Americans who will be able 
to deduct their tips on their taxes this year. That will reduce their 
tax bills and let them keep a lot more of the money they earn.
  The same is true of workers who put in overtime throughout the year. 
Police officers, firefighters, paramedics, and nurses work important 
jobs, and that often means they have to work extra hours during the 
week or come in on holidays. Well, thanks to the Working Families Tax 
Cuts, they will be able to keep more of the overtime pay they earn for 
that extra time away from their loved ones.
  I don't have to remind anybody about the inflation crisis started by 
Democrats 5 years ago. Higher prices have affected everybody. But 
relief is on the way. Affordability starts with more money in your 
pocket, and that is exactly what the Working Families Tax Cuts 
delivers.
  Whether you are just getting started or you are raising a family or 
you are trying to enjoy your golden years, the Working Families Tax 
Cuts has something for you. Republicans wrote this bill with hard-
working Americans in mind, and that is who is going to see the benefits 
this tax season and in the years to come.
  I yield the floor.
  I suggest the absence of a quorum.
  The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore. The clerk will call the roll.
  The senior assistant executive clerk proceeded to call the roll.
  Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the order 
for the quorum call be rescinded.
  The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore. Without objection, it is so 
ordered.


                   Recognition of the Minority Leader

  The Democratic leader is recognized.


                    Department of Homeland Security

  Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, it has been 4 days since Alex Pretti was 
murdered in broad daylight by Federal agents in Minneapolis, and there 
has been zero accountability from Donald Trump for this horrendous act. 
Donald Trump said yesterday he wants to deescalate things in 
Minneapolis. But as of today, the Trump administration has taken zero 
meaningful action to make that happen--zero.
  As of this morning, ICE is still roaming the streets in Minneapolis 
with little restraint. Operation Metro Surge, which is what ICE and 
Border Patrol call their surge in the city, is not slowing down at all. 
In fact, let me read a statement that came out yesterday from Acting 
Assistant Chief of the Border Patrol. Here is what the Acting Assistant 
Chief of the Border Patrol said:

       As of this report, Metro Surge is steady-state and expected 
     to continue as planned.

  Translation: ``Stand back and stand by.''
  Trump is not deescalating things in Minneapolis as he claims. On the 
contrary, his administration is telling ICE and Border Patrol to 
``stand back and stand by.'' That is dangerous. ICE needs to leave 
Minneapolis at once before another tragedy happens. It is the right 
thing to do, both for the residents of Minneapolis and for law 
enforcement. But that is just one step of many.
  Donald Trump has likewise failed to call out the vicious lies that 
his own administration told in the aftermath of Alex Pretti's murder. 
Yesterday on FOX News, a DHS spokesperson refused to deny the 
characterizations that Alex Pretti was a domestic terrorist--refused to 
deny those characterizations. It is absurd. A simple answer for the DHS 
spokesman would have been: No, he is not a domestic terrorist. We were 
wrong, and it won't happen again.
  That is what normal people with normal discourse--Democrat, 
Republican, liberal, conservative--would do. But in this 
administration, where lying is their trademark and it spreads from the 
top down, lying is OK. It is too much to ask of this administration to 
reject and retract this vicious lie about the late Mr. Pretti. It is a 
disgrace.
  And as for President Trump, it is not enough for Donald Trump to 
meekly suggest he disagrees with the words of Stephen Miller calling 
Pretti an assassin. Donald Trump is the President, and he needs to act 
like it. He needs to send a message and make an example of his deputies 
who deliberately lie to the country in moments of crisis.
  But you can see, again, Donald Trump lies all the time. We see it 
every night on the news, and so all the people below him believe it is 
OK to lie, too, even vicious lies like the one cast at Mr. Pretti. 
Instead of holding his own administration accountable for lying about 
Alex Pretti, Donald Trump continues to blame Alex Pretti for his own 
death. He said yesterday Pretti should not have been carrying a gun.
  The President seems to have forgotten the words of the Second 
Amendment, ``the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not 
be infringed.'' Apparently for Donald Trump, if you are a Trump 
supporter, it is OK to be a lawful gun owner, but if you are against 
Donald Trump, it is not. You don't have that right.
  Finally, it is outrageous that Kristi Noem still has a job in the 
administration after Federal officers murdered two American citizens in 
just 2 weeks. And it is even more disgusting that on each occasion, 
Kristi Noem lied about what took place.
  For the good of the country, Donald Trump needs to fire Kristi Noem 
at once. Noem is a liar. Noem is incompetent at her job, and she must 
go.
  Many Republicans here in Congress agree that Kristi Noem has lost the 
trust of the American people. Donald Trump needs to recognize that the 
tide has turned against her and that her presence does far more harm 
than good at this point. Donald Trump needs to show Kristi Noem the 
door and send her packing.


                           Government Funding

  Mr. President, now let's turn to the Senate. Tomorrow, the Senate is 
scheduled to take the first procedural vote on a six-bill funding 
package. The right way forward is simple: Five of these bills are ready 
to go, and the Senate should pass them as soon as possible. If Leader 
Thune agrees to split these bills, just as Johnson did in the House, 
Senate Democrats are ready to join Republicans in passing them and 
funding 96 percent of the Federal Government.
  But the DHS bill, the sixth bill, needs more work in the aftermath of 
Pretti's death, Good's death, and the awful abuses we have seen from 
ICE across the country.
  Until ICE is properly reined in and overhauled, the DHS funding bill 
doesn't have the votes to pass the Senate. Let me say that again so the 
White House hears it. Until ICE is properly reined in and overhauled, 
legislatively, the DHS funding bill doesn't have the votes to pass the 
Senate.
  Now, Leader Thune knows that, and so I urge Leader Thune not to put 
all six bills, including DHS, on the floor but rather split them so we 
can focus on what we can pass right now. Time is short. We shouldn't 
waste time on failed votes right now or else the government will shut 
down.
  I know both sides recognize we need to act in response to the awful 
tragedies that have taken place in Minneapolis, and Senators--Democrat 
and Republican--are talking and sharing ideas.
  But given how little time we have left before the funding deadline, 
the first right step for the Senate is for

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Leader Thune to split the funding bills and put the five bills on the 
floor--96 percent of Federal funding--that can pass. It is the right 
and expedient thing to do to ensure that most of the government is 
funded in time. And if Thune doesn't do it, the shutdown of the 
government is on his back. If he does it, if he puts those five bills 
on the floor and leaves DHS out, then we can have the necessary 
negotiation to rework the DHS bill and add commonsense safeguards to 
rein in ICE's very real and very dangerous abuses.
  The bottom line is simple: The American people support law 
enforcement. They support border security, but they did not support ICE 
terrorizing our streets and killing American citizens.
  ICE needs to be held to the same basic standards that any law 
enforcement agency is asked to follow.
  Republicans must work with Democrats on legislative fixes to ensure 
ICE is reined in and overhauled to protect public safety.
  I yield the floor.
  The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore. The majority whip.


                      Working Families Tax Cut Act

  Mr. BARRASSO. Mr. President, all across the country, people are 
starting to fill out their tax returns. Usually, this is a time of the 
year that the American people dread but not this year. This year, it is 
different. It is different because of legislation that we passed and 
that was signed into law on the Fourth of July.
  The reason it is different this year is the American people will be 
getting bigger and bigger tax refunds than they have in the past. This 
financial relief is the direct result of the Republicans' Working 
Families Tax Cuts law. The tax cuts are dramatic. Republicans pledged 
to cut taxes. We did it for middle-class families. These are people 
that need a much needed boost in the money in their pockets. We 
delivered.
  The Tax Foundation estimates that the average refund this year will 
be about $1,000 higher than it was last year--$1,000 for each one of 
these refunds. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent believes that the 
refunds will be even larger than that. In total, American families will 
receive this year in refunds about $100 billion more than last year. 
This is money going directly into the pockets of American families. 
Working families know best how to use that money. Families know what 
money they want to spend, they want to save, they want to invest. Let's 
let the American people make that decision, not the government.
  Republicans' policies mean Americans keep more of the money they 
earned. That is what they have been telling us for years. And all of 
these policies were signed into law as part of the Working Families Tax 
Cuts law: a permanent lower tax rate on Americans; a permanent increase 
in the standard deduction; a permanent increase in the child tax 
credit--$2,200 for each child each year; no taxes on tips for waiters 
or barbers or bartenders or other tip workers; no tax on overtime for 
nurses and firefighters, police officers, coal miners, linemen; higher 
payments for millions of seniors living on Social Security.
  Importantly, all the tax changes that I just mentioned apply 
retroactively. It is on last year's earnings, so the benefits are going 
to be realized in this year's tax returns. That means that Americans 
are paying lower taxes not just in the future but right now, today, and 
just about every single taxpayer in America is going to benefit.
  Republicans' Working Families Tax Cuts law breaks Americans free of 
the punishing taxes of Joe Biden's unaffordable economy. That was an 
administration of high prices and high taxes. America hasn't 
experienced such a dramatic turnaround since Ronald Reagan reversed the 
failures of Jimmy Carter.
  Moreover, last year, Republicans blocked the Democrats' goal to raise 
taxes by $4 trillion. Every single Democrat in the U.S. Senate--every 
single Democrat in this Chamber--voted to increase taxes by $4 
trillion. Had Democrats succeeded, our Nation wouldn't see this largest 
tax cut; they would have seen the largest tax increase in American 
history--a $4 trillion tax increase. Not a single American would say 
that a $4 trillion tax increase was something they could afford, but 
the Democrats wanted to force-feed it down the American people's 
throats.
  Democrats are proven to be the party of high taxes. It is getting 
worse. Last week in Virginia, they swore in a Democrat Governor. In the 
State of Virginia, Democrats now control the house, the senate, and the 
Governor's mansion, and they are determined to steer it hard to the 
left. Virginia is a roadmap to the radical policies that Democrats want 
to pursue nationwide.
  So what do they want to do? They want taxpayers to fund instate 
tuition for illegal immigrants. There they go again. The Democrats--the 
people that wanted to defund the police, the people that shut down the 
government to support illegal immigrants--now want to send instate 
tuition to illegal immigrants.
  Democrats want to raise taxes anywhere they can think of it. They are 
going to do it in barbershops, nail salons, drycleaners, and gyms.
  Mr. President, in your home State of Montana, how do you think this 
would fly there?
  Democrats want to raise sales tax by 11 percent on all firearms and 
ammunition. That is what the Democrats are doing now in their effort in 
Virginia. That is their model. That is where they are heading. They 
even want to introduce a backdoor carbon tax--a tax that would increase 
families' electric bills by over $1,000 a year. That is going to wipe 
out the refund increases families are going to get. The State of 
Virginia wants it taken away from the benefits people are receiving.
  It is astonishing. You can't believe this. They want to ban gas-
powered leaf blowers because they don't want to use the gasoline. Don't 
use gasoline. At the same time, they want to tax the battery-powered 
lawn equipment. So you can't use gas, and you have to pay more taxes 
when using batteries.
  These are far-left policies, and these things just prove the Democrat 
Party remains radical, extreme, dangerous, and scary. That is where 
they want to take the country. This is what their record reveals, 
whether they are the radicals now that have taken over the government 
in the State of Virginia, whether they are in New York City, whether 
they are in California, or the Democrats right here in this Congress.
  Fortunately, for the pockets and purses and paychecks of Americans, 
Republicans are focused on making our country more prosperous. We 
promised to deliver prosperity for all Americans. That is exactly what 
we are doing. And the bigger refunds that Americans are going to see 
this year prove it.
  I yield the floor.
  The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Oregon.


                          Trump Administration

  Mr. WYDEN. Mr. President, for the Trump administration to stomp to 
death the 1st, the 2nd, the 4th, the 5th, and the 10th Amendments to 
the Constitution is not immigration enforcement. It is a totally 
lawless abuse of Federal power.
  The First Amendment guarantees Americans the right to make their 
voices heard and to document lawlessness by the Federal Government. It 
guarantees the right to peacefully assemble and protest against those 
abuses.
  The Second Amendment guarantees the right to bear arms. Regardless of 
what you think about current gun law, there is no justification for 
murdering a man who was lawfully carrying a firearm.
  The Fourth Amendment protects the American people against illegal 
search and seizure of their property. That includes private data and 
information. I will touch more on that in a minute.
  The Fifth Amendment guarantees the right to due process. Instead, 
Trump's masked agents are now stopping people across the country and 
saying: Papers, please.
  Then they get thrown into unmarked vehicles, herded into detention 
centers, and deported to dangerous conditions without due process.
  The 10th Amendment limits Federal Government overreach, and it 
protects States' rights. The recent events in Minneapolis--the murders 
of Renee Good and Alex Pretti--demonstrate exactly how the Trump 
administration is breaking the law and trashing the Constitution.
  Mr. Pretti was exercising his First Amendment rights to peaceably 
observe and record abuses--abuses by ICE agents. He was exercising his 
Second Amendment right to lawfully carry a

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firearm, and he had a permit. He was murdered by the CBP agents.
  Renee Good was sitting in her car, exercising her First Amendment 
right to peaceably observe the actions of Federal agents. She was shot 
and killed in broad daylight.
  In both instances, there is ample video evidence to disprove the 
Trump administration's idea that these Americans were domestic 
terrorists who were covering up lawful killings.
  I warned, when Trump began deploying Federal agents to our cities, 
that lives would be at risk. That is now the reality. So our country 
needs appropriate Federal law enforcement to identify and remove those 
who committed violent crimes. What is not needed is an American Gestapo 
rousting tourists, immigrants, and naturalized and native-born 
Americans, alike, with guns to their head.
  Shooting unarmed Americans on the street is not immigration 
enforcement. It is intimidation. It is a blatant attempt to suppress 
free speech and anybody who tries to stand up to Trump's abuse of 
Federal power.
  Trump's ICE and CBP agents have clearly been trained in fear tactics, 
instead of in legitimate law enforcement.
  I have said it before, and I want to say it again before the Senate: 
Kristi Noem and the political appointees at DHS have got to go.
  So I am calling on ICE and CBP agents in our streets to get out of 
our communities. I am pushing for legislation to get them out of 
schools and hospitals, places of worship, childcare centers, 
courthouses, and additional public spaces.
  I am also calling for the end of ICE locking people up who don't need 
to be, including the end of family detention and privately run 
immigration detention centers. And I call on the Border Patrol to go 
back to ports of entry and get out of the business of terrorizing our 
communities miles away from duty stations.
  If an individual has committed a local crime, then local law 
enforcement can step up.
  It is far past time that these armed agents who have now murdered two 
American citizens and shot more under disturbing circumstances are 
sidelined.
  ICE and CBP agents certainly have proven they can't be trusted in our 
communities with weapons and firearms, as we have seen. If you listen 
to Trump and his crowd, they seem to think it is the American people 
who ought to be disarmed.
  I think most people around our country understand we need to overhaul 
immigration to continue the rich history of welcoming immigrants and 
refugees as we secure our border and enforce immigration laws, but that 
is not what Trump's lawless activities are about. Right now, ICE is 
destroying the rule of law, not protecting it.
  I have made it clear that I cannot and will not support more Federal 
funding for Trump's ICE unless there is an end to these killings and 
abuses and accountability for everybody involved. In its current form, 
ICE is no longer an immigration enforcement Agency; it is Trump and the 
administration's personal Gestapo. There can be no more funding for ICE 
when it kills people on the streets, incites violence, and defies the 
law.
  When Democrats have the opportunity, we will investigate and publicly 
prosecute anybody complicit in these murders, from Kristi Noem to Mr. 
Bovino, all the way down to the ICE and CBP agents who pulled the 
trigger on Renee Good and Alex Pretti. It is also important to 
investigate the agents who have subjected immigrants, including 
children, to extraordinary cruelty.
  Before wrapping up, I want to touch on something else that has been 
missed with regard to the abuses, and that is data privacy.
  For years, I have come to this floor to sound the alarm on the 
growing appetite of ICE to exploit legal loopholes that allow the 
Federal Government to buy up troves of Americans' most private 
information, including geolocation data. We now see exactly how the 
Trump administration is abusing that information. ICE is using Palantir 
apps to collect biometric data and run protesters through facial 
recognition systems. This amounts to labeling people as domestic 
terrorists just for exercising their First Amendment right to peaceably 
protest and report on Federal agents. It is a clear threat to the 
constitutional rights of Americans, and I am working with Senator 
Markey and others to stop these abuses.
  Second, ICE is buying Americans' private location data from sleazy 
data brokers through a legal loophole that allows the government to get 
around the Fourth Amendment. This isn't a red issue or a blue issue; it 
is a constitutional issue. The American Government has no business in 
purchasing the location data of American citizens. So I have proposed 
the Fourth Amendment Is Not For Sale Act. That would put a stop to the 
government being able to buy up troves of Americans' personal data from 
anybody who has got a credit card. We ought to be pushing to get it 
passed into black-letter law as soon as possible so that Agencies like 
ICE don't have access to the personal information of millions of 
Americans.
  Finally, my investigators exposed that ICE is using government data 
from State motor vehicle departments and other Federal Agencies. It has 
refused to answer questions as to how that data is being used. So we 
are leading a fight here in the Senate to rein them in.
  I have warned States that care about their residents: They had better 
stop sharing DMV data and enabling ICE abuses. ICE is using this 
information to target Americans on our streets.
  My view is that it is important for the Senate to recognize that data 
privacy is now a life-and-death issue in America. As long as Trump's 
agents are shooting American citizens dead on the street, this 
administration having access to our private location data and other 
information is a threat to everybody's safety.
  I will close with this. My parents fled the Nazis during the very 
real threat of growing authoritarianism in Germany. What the Trump 
administration is offering us is, indeed, the authoritarian playbook: 
Attack the weakest in order to cow the rest of us.
  My family knows a thing or two about watching a democracy slide 
toward authoritarian rule. I know a little bit about what comes next.
  The American people have a right to feel and be safe. No one should 
be forced to live in a country where they are terrified that Federal 
agents might bust their door open in the middle of the night. I hope 
that all Americans who have a chance to follow this discussion and 
learn about it, in the days ahead, will speak out and that all 
Americans will never, never, never yield their liberties.
  I yield the floor.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Ricketts). The Senator from Texas.
  Mr. CORNYN. Mr. President, it has certainly been an eventful several 
days. Of course, across the country, people are still shoveling out 
roads and sidewalks from the dramatic snowfall we had, and, of course, 
many of us have struggled to get back to work because of disrupted 
flights. Some parts of Texas, believe it or not, had as much as 10 
inches of snow. I know that is not a big deal in the great State of 
Nebraska, but it is a big deal in Texas because Texans cannot drive on 
the snow and ice. Anybody who has seen some of the videos of people 
trying to drive on the ice in Texas knows we are not used to that.
  But a severe snowstorm was not the only thing to hit our country over 
the last weekend. As we all know too well, an ICU nurse for the VA 
named Alex Pretti was killed in an interaction with Border Patrol 
agents in Minneapolis. We are still learning more about what transpired 
that day, but, unfortunately, what we see too often when tragic events 
like this occur is that people jump to conclusions early without 
knowing all the facts.
  Regardless of what we don't yet know, what we do know is that it is 
always a tragedy when a human life has ended.
  I applaud President Trump for taking the steps to review this and for 
sending Tom Homan to Minneapolis to try to deescalate and restore law 
and order in that State. The President has also indicated that he has 
talked to Governor Walz and that they are working toward a productive 
solution to what has become an untenable state of affairs in 
Minneapolis.
  One thing is absolutely clear: We need better collaboration and 
cooperation--maybe a little more cooperation

[[Page S305]]

than collaboration--between Federal and local law enforcement in order 
to ensure that our laws are being followed while preventing further 
loss of life in our country.
  When State and local officials, like the Governor of Minnesota and 
the mayor of Minneapolis, use their positions of authority to vilify 
Federal law enforcement officials, bad things can happen. The Governor 
of Minnesota has compared Federal agents to a modern-day Gestapo. How 
reprehensible and irresponsible is that, particularly coming from a guy 
who wanted to be the Vice President of the United States. Obviously, 
Governor Newsom in California has used similar language. Governor Walz 
has described his State as fighting a war against the Federal 
Government, and he called the Trump administration's enforcement 
operations ``dangerous'' and ``sensationalized.''
  I will tell you what makes situations like those that happened in 
Minneapolis two times now where American citizens have lost their 
lives--what makes that more likely to happen is when Governors and 
mayors, people who are supposedly in positions of responsibility, 
actually encourage people to interfere with law enforcement operations. 
And we know that now, on at least two occasions, they can end with 
tragic results. This is completely unacceptable conduct by a Governor 
and a mayor. What they should do is stop their sanctuary policies. We 
don't see the same sort of law enforcement operations in Texas or in 
Nebraska; we see it in sanctuary States and sanctuary cities, where 
local and State law enforcement are denied the chance to collaborate 
and cooperate with Federal law enforcement authorities. What happens in 
States like Texas, which does cooperate with law enforcement, is when 
somebody is detained, let's say, by the police in the local jail and if 
they find out they are wanted by ICE, they will simply transfer them 
from the local jurisdiction to the custody of ICE so that ICE doesn't 
have to go out on the street and conduct raids in order to detain 
people who are not lawfully here in the United States.
  All this may seem like fun and games to blue State Governors and 
sanctuary city mayors until somebody gets hurt, but now, as I said, two 
people have tragically lost their lives. We have the Governor and the 
mayor cheering people on to do more of the same.
  This has to deescalate, and I am optimistic that Tom Homan, given his 
long career as a professional law enforcement officer, somebody 
applauded by President Obama for his work but obviously who also has 
the confidence of President Trump--I am glad he is there in 
Minneapolis, talking to the mayor, talking to the Governor, and 
hopefully trying to get them to tone down their rhetoric and not 
encourage more actions which could also result in tragedy.
  While we are waiting to learn more details--yes, still waiting to 
learn more details--about what exactly happened, I believe State and 
local officials have an obligation to tone down their rhetoric because 
what they are doing is they are vilifying the brave men and women who 
actually are enforcing the laws that Congress has passed. They are 
calling them Nazis or the Gestapo.
  Of course, maybe you should expect this from the same crowd that 
called for defunding the police--how did that work out?--or for 
abolishing ICE. Abolish ICE? Are these people who want no enforcement 
of our immigration laws? Well, apparently so.
  ICE--Immigration and Customs Enforcement--and Customs and Border 
Protection officers whom I know personally and know well by reputation 
have an incredibly difficult and dangerous job to do, especially in the 
face of well-organized and paid-off leftwing agitators.
  But again, underlying all of this, are the sanctuary city policies 
implemented by Governor Walz and others that have prevented law 
enforcement officials from conducting their work in a safe and orderly 
fashion.
  We have seen what happens when the local police are instructed not to 
protect ICE officers and Border Patrol agents doing their job as 
happened in Chicago. Ordinary citizens have been encouraged to 
interfere with law enforcement operations. The incendiary rhetoric from 
the Governor encouraged ordinary citizens to put themselves into harm's 
way.
  Ultimately, the confrontations between citizens and law enforcement 
culminated in last week's incident that ended in tragedy, and I 
sincerely hope--I know we all do--that this does not happen again. None 
of us want to see lives lost, whether at the hands of law enforcement 
or at the hands of criminals.
  What happened to Alex Pretti was tragic, but we also need to remind 
people what happened to Laken Riley, Kayla Hamilton, and Jocelyn 
Nungaray, that what happened to them was also tragic and could have 
been prevented. Their deaths could have been prevented if the 
immigration laws currently on the books had simply been enforced. Each 
of them were killed by people who had no business being in this country 
illegally and committed these murders because of the Biden 
administration's open border policies that just opened the door to 
anybody and everybody who wanted to come to the United States.
  That is what sensible enforcement of our immigration laws is designed 
to prevent, to allow people into the country who play by the books, 
play by the rules, and follow the law whom we welcome into this 
country.
  The United States still is the most generous country in the world 
when it comes to welcoming immigrants. We naturalize roughly 1 million 
people a year who raise their hand and pledge allegiance to the United 
States and their willingness to support the Constitution and laws of 
this great country.
  Legal immigration is a great boon and great advantage the United 
States has, but illegal immigration has been an unmitigated disaster.
  As I think back on the Biden era of open borders, what breaks my 
heart is the fact that 500,000 children were welcomed into the United 
States, so-called unaccompanied minors, placed with sponsors, 
frequently unvetted and without adequate supervision or followup, and 
were simply lost. We don't know whether they were recruited into gangs, 
used for sex trafficking, or forced into involuntary labor.
  Those half-a-million children were victims of this open border, 
lawless immigration policy of the Biden administration. President Trump 
was elected based on a promise to secure the border, which he has done, 
but we also need to make sure that people who have exhausted all of 
their legal remedies or have criminal records need to be prioritized 
and removed from the country.
  Right now, there are roughly 280,000 people who are in that category. 
But to have the Governor and the mayor encourage people to interfere in 
a lawful enforcement operation can result in tragedy, as we have seen.
  We now know that these two tragedies are being exploited by Democrats 
in the Senate who refuse to pass the normal appropriations bills that 
have now passed the House and have come here in order to pay the bills, 
keep the lights on, and keep the government operational. They are using 
these incidents to threaten another closure, another shutdown of the 
Federal Government like they did a short time ago--the longest shutdown 
in American history.
  Democrats are using this tragedy as a scapegoat to try to force 
changes to government funding that they know cannot be done in the time 
we have left before the current continuing resolution expires.
  This is nothing but an excuse--a lame excuse--by Senate Democrats to 
delay and disrupt the work that the American people elected us to do. 
We know that Senate Democrats have used this playbook recently, and the 
American people have seen how it ends.
  It solves nothing. When the government reopens, you have the same 
problems you had beforehand that you just are ignoring or kicking the 
can down the road, and it imposes an unnecessary burden on so many 
Americans who don't get paid, who get furloughed.
  It created not only financial hardship for millions of Americans, but 
this was all for what? To simply make a political statement. But I hope 
for the sake of the Texans I represent, the 32 million Texans, that 
Democrats have learned something from their recent lesson. We are using 
their livelihoods--holding their livelihoods as a hostage for political 
purposes. This is not the

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time for another government shutdown.
  In order for President Trump to continue the work he started to 
restore trust between local and Federal officials in Minnesota, the 
Department of Homeland Security--and, yes, that includes ICE and Border 
Patrol--must be funded.
  We can have conversations about what additional oversight is 
required, what additional laws we should consider, but not at the 
expense of shutting down the government.
  Again, what happened over the weekend was a tragedy, but it is not a 
reason to punish 330 million Americans by shutting down the government 
as a political stunt.
  I yield the floor.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Wyoming.
  Ms. LUMMIS. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the following 
Senators be permitted to speak prior to the scheduled recess; myself 
for up to 10 minutes, Senator Kelly for up to 5 minutes, Senator Murray 
for up to 10 minutes.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.


                       Holocaust Remembrance Day

  Ms. LUMMIS. Mr. President, I rise today to remind us of what we 
commemorated yesterday: Holocaust Remembrance Day.
  During the Holocaust, the Nazi regime and its collaborators 
systematically murdered 6 million Jewish men, women, and children. Two-
thirds of Europe's Jewish population was killed in concentration camps, 
death camps, ghettos, and mass shootings. Entire communities were wiped 
out, centuries of Jewish life and culture erased.
  On Holocaust Remembrance Day, we remember not just the numbers but 
the individuals. Each one represents a world of possibilities that were 
destroyed. And yet, we are living in a day and age where Holocaust 
deniers are growing in number, and anti-Semitism is on the rise.
  In 2024, the FBI recorded its highest number ever of anti-Jewish 
crimes, nearly 2,000 crimes accounting for nearly 70 percent all 
religiously motivated hate crimes.
  This is unthinkable and totally unacceptable. Jews make up only 2 
percent of our U.S. population. Yet they bear the brunt of religiously 
motivated violence.
  The United States-Israel relationship serves vital American 
interests. Israel is our most reliable democratic ally in the Middle 
East and shares intelligence that has prevented terrorist attacks on 
Americans here on our soil and against American interests worldwide.
  Our military cooperation advances technology that protects American 
servicemembers. Israel's Iron Dome and other defensive innovations were 
developed with U.S. partnership and now inform our own defense systems.
  A strong Israel helps counter Iranian influence and terrorism that 
threatens not just the region but American citizens at home and abroad. 
This relationship is built on shared values, democracy, the rule of 
law, and human rights in a region where these principles are rare. 
Supporting Israel's security is supporting American security.
  You can visit Civil War cemeteries, Revolutionary War cemeteries, 
World War I and II cemeteries in Europe, Vietnam war cemeteries clear 
up until today and see the Star of David on some of those gravestones. 
You can see them out at our famous cemetery here in Washington, DC, 
where people who served our Nation and gave their last measure of 
devotion--and there are Stars of David among all of them.
  This is an important American value that we must acknowledge and make 
sure never happens again.
  Finally, I want to say a few words about responsibility. ``Never 
again'' must be more than words. It must be a commitment backed by 
action. We must speak up when anti-Semitism rears its head on our 
campuses, our streets, and online.
  We must distinguish between legitimate political discourse and hate 
disguised as activism. And we must protect Jewish students who should 
feel safe pursuing their education. We must stand with the Jewish 
people--both here and in their ancient homeland--when they face 
existential threats.
  History will judge us not by our words today but by our actions 
tomorrow.
  I yield the floor.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Arizona.


                    Department of Homeland Security

  Mr. KELLY. Mr. President, like every American, over the past few 
weeks, I have watched the videos of Americans being shoved and beaten 
and pepper-sprayed and shot and killed by Federal immigration agents.
  Over the weekend, Americans watched what happened to Alex Pretti in 
Minneapolis, a U.S. citizen, an ICU nurse at the VA who took care of 
veterans. He was shot and killed by Federal agents for no good reason. 
His family lost someone they loved, and it all happened in the blink of 
an eye.
  Before that, it was Renee Good. Renee was a mother and a wife. She 
was shot and killed in her car, and her family will never see her 
again.
  Two Americans are dead at the hands of their government. That should 
demand the highest levels of accountability. It is that simple. 
Instead, this administration has lied to the American people. They have 
slandered these Americans as terrorists. They have told us not to 
believe what we see with our own eyes.
  They blamed Alex Pretti because he was in lawful possession of a 
firearm. They have tried to block the investigations into what 
happened. We also know that these are not isolated incidents.
  Just the other day, ICE conducted a series of workplace raids at a 
sports bar in Phoenix, places where families go to just have some wings 
and watch a game.
  The agents wore masks and tactical gear, and I watched a video of ICE 
officers doing a driveby, spraying a woman in the face who was just 
standing on the sidewalk.
  They sprayed her with mace. She was not doing anything wrong. They 
violated her constitutional rights. These are the actions of a rogue 
Agency that is storming cities, violating the constitutional rights of 
Americans, and creating volatile situations where tragedies happen.
  This is not making Americans safer. It is clearly doing the opposite 
thing, and it has to stop. I am the son of two police officers. From a 
very young age, I learned that law enforcement should exist to serve 
and protect people.
  We can enforce our laws without this chaos. We can enforce our laws 
without Federal agents killing people--killing people in the streets of 
American cities.
  We should demand that, as Senators, as Republicans and Democrats, as 
Americans. We should all demand better. And we should use our power to 
make that happen. That is why I will not vote for the Department of 
Homeland Security budget this week, because that Agency needs an 
overhaul from the top down and the bottom up.
  That is why the head of Homeland Security, Kristi Noem, and the guy 
who everybody knows is actually making the decisions and calling the 
shots and running the show, Stephen Miller--both of them should be out 
of jobs because they have lost the trust of the American people.
  And that is why I introduced the Stop Excessive Force in Immigration 
Act to rein in and stop this abuse of power. This bill sets limits on 
the use of force and the use of firearms by immigration agents.
  It restricts the use of tear gas, flash-bang grenades, and pepper 
balls. It requires body cameras to be used, and it restricts the use of 
face masks. It requires accountability and transparency so that when 
somebody is hurt or killed, the American people will get some answers. 
This is pretty basic stuff. It should be what all Americans expect from 
law enforcement, and it should be something that both Republicans and 
Democrats alike can support, because I believe that we are better than 
this. I believe we can keep communities safe without this chaos. But 
that depends on all of us stepping up right now, at this moment, before 
another American ends up dead in the streets.
  I yield the floor.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Washington.
  Mrs. MURRAY. Mr. President, there are two simple truths here: One, 
there is absolutely no reason for a shutdown. Five of the bills before 
us, covering 95 percent of the remaining budget, everyone agrees we can 
pass. And, two, after

[[Page S307]]

the horrific killing of Alex Pretti last weekend, after so many vile, 
shameless lies from Trump officials, and after the flagrant abuses we 
are seeing from ICE and CBP agents, it is painfully and brutally clear 
this out-of-control Department must be reined in, and Congress must 
take action to make that happen.
  What we have seen happening in Minnesota and all across the country 
is simply un-American. Trump and Noem sent ICE and Border Patrol into 
Minneapolis, not on a targeted mission to retrieve actual criminals but 
to go door to door terrorizing communities and asking to see the papers 
of anyone who doesn't fit their idea of what an American looks like.
  Secretary Noem and her masked agents are haphazardly dragging off 
people with no criminal record, people who are here legally, people who 
are citizens. And, of course, they are even dragging off children.
  No one has to take my word for it. We all saw them march a man--a 
citizen--out of his house in the freezing cold in nothing but his 
underwear. We all saw them cart away a 5-year-old with his Spiderman 
backpack and a bunny hat on. And when people protested peacefully, the 
Trump administration cracked down with a level of force as brutal as it 
was unjustified.
  Again, no one needs to take my word for it. We all heard about the 
family who had their car tear-gassed on their way back from a 
basketball game, and their baby stopped breathing and needed emergency 
care. We all watched the woman who was dragged out of her car on the 
way to a doctor's appointment. We all saw that unforgettable photo of 
an unarmed man pinned on the ground with one of Trump's Federal 
officers pepper-spraying him directly in the face.
  We all bore witness to the murder of Renee Good, and then, last 
weekend, we all saw the horrific killing of Alex Pretti, a lawful 
observer, exercising his rights, murdered in cold blood by Federal 
agents.
  And how did Trump's team respond? They lied about what we all saw 
with our own eyes. They slandered Alex as a domestic terrorist. This 
man was a VA nurse. He was beloved by his patients.
  They falsely claimed that he wanted to massacre law enforcement when 
he was simply exercising his constitutional First Amendment rights.
  They said he attacked law enforcement when he was only helping a 
woman who law enforcement had assaulted. They said he brandished a gun 
when he never touched it. In fact, he was already disarmed when they 
shot him in the back.
  And yet, right now, the only Department they will let investigate 
this tragedy is the Department that was responsible for it.
  That cannot be how things work in this country, not if we are going 
to keep the democracy that we all cherish. We need real, independent 
investigation. We need real accountability, and we need real reforms. 
And until that happens, until we begin reining in this out-of-control 
Department, we cannot pass the DHS bill as it stands.
  The DHS bill needs to be split off from this larger package, and that 
needs to happen so we can prevent other parts of the government from 
shutting down while we work to reform the DHS bill.
  Now, I want to be straight with everyone: Not passing the Homeland 
bill will not stop ICE right now. Why? Because Republicans already gave 
ICE tens of billions of dollars without a single Democratic vote when 
they passed their ``Big Ugly Bill.''
  As the junior Senator from Kentucky has pointed out, even without the 
DHS bill, ICE will have many times its annual budget because of the 
bill the Republicans passed last summer.
  But splitting off the Homeland bill does ensure that Congress is 
forced to reckon with this issue. It does give us the opportunity to 
take much needed action to protect Americans from this out-of-control 
Department. And to be clear, this is not just what Democrats are 
demanding; it is what the vast majority of Americans are demanding.
  People in this country are absolutely horrified. They are outraged 
that our government is gunning down U.S. citizens on the street with 
impunity. And this just cannot continue.
  With each hour that goes by, we are seeing more and more Republicans 
agree that the status quo is unacceptable, that there must be change, 
and that Congress must do something. We, Congress, must do something, 
and there is a very reasonable and straightforward path here now.
  There is a legislative package of six funding bills at the desk right 
now, right up here. Five of the funding bills in this package we all 
overwhelmingly agree on. We all agree on cancer research. We all 
agree on childcare funding. We all agree on funding roads and bridges 
and housing. We agree on paying our troops and supporting small 
businesses and so much else that is in those bills. And, by the way, 
the House, in fact, passed those five bills overwhelmingly.

  So let's just remove Homeland Security and pass the remaining five 
bills without delay. There is no reason to wait, and we can get to work 
right away to negotiate a Homeland bill that includes the reforms and 
the accountability everyone knows is needed.
  I am here. I am ready to roll up my sleeves and get to work with 
Chair Collins and our colleagues to craft a bill with serious oversight 
and accountability so we can simply rein in the abuses that we are 
seeing.
  But if the Republicans refuse to work with us on DHS and refuse to 
put up the remaining five bills for a vote in the meantime, they will 
be choosing to shut down the government across all of the Agencies 
impacted, cutting off funding for lifesaving clinical trials; paychecks 
for troops, air traffic controllers, and so much more.
  We should not let that happen. So let's pass the five bills ahead of 
the Friday deadline. Let's focus separately on DHS, where it is clear 
that accountability and reform cannot wait.
  We do this all the time--move forward on the areas where we have an 
agreement and keep negotiating on the other. That is what needs to 
happen here and now.
  And, look, if the House has to come back to prevent a shutdown, so be 
it. That is part of the job they have.
  Back in 2018, after the Senate cleared a spending bill and we went 
home for the holidays, President Trump did a 180 and had the House 
change the bill and send it back to us.
  Do you know what we did? We came back, and we voted.
  That is it. That is our job. That is what the House can do. So there 
is no need for a shutdown. There is no need for a delay. And there is 
every need for serious reforms.
  Let's get it done.
  I yield the floor.

                          ____________________