[Congressional Record Volume 172, Number 11 (Thursday, January 15, 2026)]
[House]
[Pages H897-H907]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




        PROTECTING PRUDENT INVESTMENT OF RETIREMENT SAVINGS ACT

  Mr. WALBERG. Mr. Speaker, pursuant to House Resolution 988, I call up 
the bill (H.R. 2988) to amend the Employee Retirement Income Security 
Act of 1974 to specify requirements concerning the consideration of 
pecuniary and non-pecuniary factors, and for other purposes, and ask 
for its immediate consideration.
  The Clerk read the title of the bill.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Smith of Nebraska). Pursuant to House 
Resolution 988, the amendment in the nature of a substitute recommended 
by the Committee on Education and Workforce, printed in the bill, is 
adopted and the bill, as amended, is considered read.
  The text of the bill, as amended, is as follows:

                               H.R. 2988

       Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 
     the United States of America in Congress assembled,

     SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

       (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Protecting 
     Prudent Investment of Retirement Savings Act''.
       (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act 
     is as follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.

                DIVISION A--INCREASE RETIREMENT EARNINGS

Sec. 1001. Short title.
Sec. 1002. Limitation on consideration of non-pecuniary factors by 
              fiduciaries.

              DIVISION B--NO DISCRIMINATION IN MY BENEFITS

Sec. 2001. Short title.
Sec. 2002. Service provider selection.

                DIVISION C--RETIREMENT PROXY PROTECTION

Sec. 3001. Short title.
Sec. 3002. Exercise of shareholder rights.

   DIVISION D--PROVIDING COMPLETE INFORMATION TO RETIREMENT INVESTORS

Sec. 4001. Short title.
Sec. 4002. Brokerage window disclosures.

                DIVISION A--INCREASE RETIREMENT EARNINGS

     SEC. 1001. SHORT TITLE.

       This division may be cited as the ``Increase Retirement 
     Earnings Act''.

     SEC. 1002. LIMITATION ON CONSIDERATION OF NON-PECUNIARY 
                   FACTORS BY FIDUCIARIES.

       (a) In General.--Section 404(a) of the Employee Retirement 
     Income Security Act of 1974 (29 U.S.C. 1104(a)) is amended by 
     adding at the end the following:
       ``(3) Interest Based on Pecuniary Factors.--
       ``(A) In general.--For purposes of paragraph (1), a 
     fiduciary shall be considered to act solely in the interest 
     of the participants and beneficiaries of the plan with 
     respect to an investment or investment course of action only 
     if the fiduciary's action with respect to such investment or 
     investment course of action is based solely on pecuniary 
     factors (except as provided in subparagraph (B)). The 
     fiduciary may not subordinate the interests of the 
     participants and beneficiaries in their retirement income or 
     financial benefits under the plan to other objectives and may 
     not sacrifice investment return or take on additional 
     investment risk to promote non-pecuniary benefits or goals. 
     The weight given to any pecuniary factor by a fiduciary shall 
     reflect a prudent assessment of the impact of such factor on 
     risk and return.
       ``(B) Use of non-pecuniary factors for investment 
     alternatives.--Notwithstanding paragraph (A), if a fiduciary 
     is unable to distinguish between or among investment 
     alternatives or investment courses of action on the basis of 
     pecuniary factors alone, the fiduciary may use non-pecuniary 
     factors as the deciding factor if the fiduciary documents--
       ``(i) why pecuniary factors were not sufficient to select a 
     plan investment or investment course of action;
       ``(ii) how the selected investment compares to the 
     alternative investments with regard to the composition of the 
     portfolio with regard to diversification, the liquidity and 
     current return of

[[Page H898]]

     the portfolio relative to the anticipated cash flow 
     requirements of the plan, and the projected return of the 
     portfolio relative to the funding objectives of the plan; and
       ``(iii) how the selected non-pecuniary factor or factors 
     are consistent with the interests of the participants and 
     beneficiaries in their retirement income or financial 
     benefits under the plan.
       ``(C) Investment alternatives for participant-directed 
     individual account plans.--In selecting or retaining 
     investment options for a pension plan described in subsection 
     (c)(1)(A), a fiduciary is not prohibited from considering, 
     selecting, or retaining an investment option on the basis 
     that such investment option promotes, seeks, or supports one 
     or more non-pecuniary benefits or goals, if--
       ``(i) the fiduciary satisfies the requirements of paragraph 
     (1) and subparagraphs (A) and (B) of this paragraph in 
     selecting or retaining any such investment option; and
       ``(ii) such investment option is not added or retained as, 
     or included as a component of, a default investment under 
     subsection (c)(5) (or any other default investment 
     alternative) if its investment objectives or goals or its 
     principal investment strategies include, consider, or 
     indicate the use of one or more non-pecuniary factors.
       ``(D) Definitions.--For the purposes of this paragraph:
       ``(i) The term `pecuniary factor' means a factor that a 
     fiduciary prudently determines is expected to have a material 
     effect on the risk or return of an investment based on 
     appropriate investment horizons consistent with the plan's 
     investment objectives and the funding policy established 
     pursuant to section 402(b)(1).
       ``(ii) The term `investment course of action' means any 
     series or program of investments or actions related to a 
     fiduciary's performance of the fiduciary's investment duties, 
     and includes the selection of an investment fund as a plan 
     investment, or in the case of an individual account plan, a 
     designated investment alternative under the plan.''.
       (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section 
     shall apply to actions taken by a fiduciary on or after the 
     date that is 12 months after the date of enactment of this 
     Act.

              DIVISION B--NO DISCRIMINATION IN MY BENEFITS

     SEC. 2001. SHORT TITLE.

       This division may be cited as the ``No Discrimination in My 
     Benefits Act''.

     SEC. 2002. SERVICE PROVIDER SELECTION.

       Section 404(a)(1) of the Employee Retirement Income 
     Security Act of 1974 (29 U.S.C. 1104(a)(1)) is amended--
       (1) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and'';
       (2) in subparagraph (D), by striking the period at the end 
     and inserting ``; and''; and
       (3) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
       ``(E) by selecting, monitoring, and retaining any 
     fiduciary, counsel, employee, or service provider of the 
     plan--
       ``(i) in accordance with subparagraphs (A) and (B); and
       ``(ii) without regard to race, color, religion, sex, or 
     national origin.''.

                DIVISION C--RETIREMENT PROXY PROTECTION

     SEC. 3001. SHORT TITLE.

       This division may be cited as the ``Retirement Proxy 
     Protection Act''.

     SEC. 3002. EXERCISE OF SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS.

       (a) In General.--Section 404 of the Employee Retirement 
     Income Security Act of 1974 (29 U.S.C. 1104) is amended by 
     adding at the end the following new subsection:
       ``(f) Exercise of Shareholder Rights.--
       ``(1) Authority to exercise shareholder rights.--
       ``(A) In general.--The fiduciary duty to manage plan assets 
     that are shares of stock includes the management of 
     shareholder rights appurtenant to those shares, including the 
     right to vote proxies. When deciding whether to exercise a 
     shareholder right and in exercising such right, including the 
     voting of proxies, a fiduciary must act prudently and solely 
     in the interests of participants and beneficiaries and for 
     the exclusive purpose of providing benefits to participants 
     and beneficiaries and defraying the reasonable expenses of 
     administering the plan. The fiduciary duty to manage 
     shareholder rights appurtenant to shares of stock does not 
     require the voting of every proxy or the exercise of every 
     shareholder right.
       ``(B) Exception.--This subsection shall not apply to 
     voting, tender, and similar rights with respect to qualifying 
     employer securities or securities held in an investment 
     arrangement that is not a designated investment alternative 
     in the event such rights are passed through pursuant to the 
     terms of an individual account plan to participants and 
     beneficiaries with accounts holding such securities.
       ``(2) Requirements for exercise of shareholder rights.--A 
     fiduciary, when deciding whether to exercise a shareholder 
     right and when exercising a shareholder right--
       ``(A) shall--
       ``(i) act solely in accordance with the economic interest 
     of the plan and its participants and beneficiaries;
       ``(ii) consider any costs involved;
       ``(iii) evaluate material facts that form the basis for any 
     particular proxy vote or exercise of shareholder rights; and
       ``(iv) maintain a record of any proxy vote, proxy voting 
     activity, or other exercise of a shareholder right, including 
     any attempt to influence management; and
       ``(B) shall not subordinate the interests of participants 
     and beneficiaries in their retirement income or financial 
     benefits under the plan to any non-pecuniary objective, or 
     promote non-pecuniary benefits or goals unrelated to those 
     financial interests of the plan's participants and 
     beneficiaries.
       ``(3) Monitoring.--A fiduciary shall exercise prudence and 
     diligence in the selection and monitoring of a person, if 
     any, selected to advise or otherwise assist with the exercise 
     of shareholder rights, including by providing research and 
     analysis, recommendations on exercise of proxy voting or 
     other shareholder rights, administrative services with 
     respect to voting proxies, and recordkeeping and reporting 
     services.
       ``(4) Investment managers and proxy advisory firms.--Where 
     the authority to vote proxies or exercise other shareholder 
     rights has been delegated to an investment manager pursuant 
     to section 403(a), or a proxy voting advisory firm or other 
     person who performs advisory services as to the voting of 
     proxies or the exercise of other shareholder rights, a 
     responsible plan fiduciary shall prudently monitor the proxy 
     voting activities of such investment manager or advisory firm 
     and determine whether such activities are in compliance with 
     paragraphs (1) and (2).
       ``(5) Voting policies.--
       ``(A) In general.--In deciding whether to vote a proxy 
     pursuant to this subsection, the plan fiduciary may adopt a 
     proxy voting policy, including a safe harbor proxy voting 
     policy described in subparagraph (B), providing that the 
     authority to vote a proxy shall be exercised pursuant to 
     specific parameters designed to serve the economic interest 
     of the plan.
       ``(B) Safe harbor voting policy.--With respect to a 
     decision not to vote a proxy, a fiduciary shall satisfy the 
     fiduciary responsibilities under this subsection if such 
     fiduciary adopts and follows a safe harbor proxy voting 
     policy that--
       ``(i) limits voting resources to particular types of 
     proposals that the fiduciary has prudently determined are 
     substantially related to the business activities of the 
     issuer or are expected to have a material effect on the value 
     of the plan investment; or
       ``(ii) establishes that the fiduciary will refrain from 
     voting on proposals or particular types of proposals when the 
     assets of a plan invested in the issuer relative to the total 
     assets of such plan are below 5 percent (or, in the event 
     such assets are under management, when the assets under 
     management invested in the issuer are below 5 percent of the 
     total assets under management).
       ``(C) Exception.--No proxy voting policy adopted pursuant 
     to this paragraph shall preclude a fiduciary from submitting 
     a proxy vote when the fiduciary determines that the matter 
     being voted on is expected to have a material economic effect 
     on the investment performance of a plan's portfolio (or the 
     investment performance of assets under management in the case 
     of an investment manager); provided, however, that in all 
     cases compliance with a safe harbor voting policy shall be 
     presumed to satisfy fiduciary responsibilities with respect 
     to decisions not to vote.
       ``(6) Review.--A fiduciary shall periodically review any 
     policy adopted under this subsection.''.
       (b) Effective Date.--The amendments made by subsection (a) 
     shall apply to an exercise of shareholder rights occurring on 
     or after January 1, 2026.

   DIVISION D--PROVIDING COMPLETE INFORMATION TO RETIREMENT INVESTORS

     SEC. 4001. SHORT TITLE.

       This division may be cited as the ``Providing Complete 
     Information to Retirement Investors Act''.

     SEC. 4002. BROKERAGE WINDOW DISCLOSURES.

       (a) In General.--Section 404(c) of the Employee Retirement 
     Income Security Act of 1974 (29 U.S.C. 1104(c)) is amended by 
     adding at the end the following new paragraph:
       ``(7) Notice requirements for brokerage windows.--
       ``(A) In general.--In the case of a pension plan which 
     provides for individual accounts and which provides a 
     participant or beneficiary the opportunity to choose from 
     designated investment alternatives, a participant or 
     beneficiary shall not be treated as exercising control over 
     assets in the account of the participant or beneficiary 
     unless, with respect to any investment arrangement that is 
     not a designated investment alternative, each time before 
     such a participant or beneficiary directs an investment into, 
     out of, or within such investment arrangement, such 
     participant is notified of, and acknowledges, each element of 
     the notice described under paragraph (B).
       ``(B) Notice.--The notice described under this paragraph is 
     a four part information that is substantially similar to the 
     following information:

       ``1. Your retirement plan offers designated investment 
     alternatives prudently selected and monitored by fiduciaries 
     for the purpose of enabling you to construct an appropriate 
     retirement savings portfolio. In selecting and monitoring 
     designated investment alternatives, your plan's fiduciary 
     considers the risk of loss and the opportunity for gain (or 
     other return) compared with reasonably available investment 
     alternatives.
       2. The investments available through this investment 
     arrangement are not designated investment alternatives, and 
     have not been prudently selected and are not monitored by a 
     plan fiduciary.
       3. Depending on the investments you select through this 
     investment arrangement, you may experience diminished 
     returns, higher fees, and higher risk than if you select from 
     the plan's designated investment alternatives.
       4. The following is a hypothetical illustration of the 
     impact of return at 4 percent, 6 percent, and 8 percent on 
     your account balance projected to age 67.
       ``(C) Illustration.--The notice described under paragraph 
     (B) shall also include a graph

[[Page H899]]

     displaying the projected retirement balances of such 
     participant or beneficiary at age 67 if the account of such 
     individual were to achieve an annual return equal to each of 
     the following:
       ``(i) 4 percent.
       ``(ii) 6 percent.
       ``(iii) 8 percent.''.
       (b) Designated Investment Alternative Defined.--Section 3 
     of such Act (29 U.S.C. 1002) is amended by adding at the end 
     the following new paragraph:
       ``(46) Designated investment alternative.--
       ``(A) In general.--The term `designated investment 
     alternative' means any investment alternative designated by a 
     responsible fiduciary of an individual account plan described 
     in subsection 404(c) into which participants and 
     beneficiaries may direct the investment of assets held in, or 
     contributed to, their individual accounts.
       ``(B) Exception.--The term `designated investment 
     alternative' does not include brokerage windows, self-
     directed brokerage accounts, or similar plan arrangements 
     that enable participants and beneficiaries to select 
     investments beyond those designated by a responsible plan 
     fiduciary.''.
       (c) Effective Date.--The amendment made by subsection (a) 
     shall take effect on January 1, 2027.

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The bill, as amended, shall be debatable for 
1 hour equally divided and controlled by the chair and ranking minority 
member of the Committee on Education and Workforce or their respective 
designees.
  After 1 hour of debate, it shall be in order to consider the further 
amendment printed in part A of House Report 119-440, if offered by the 
Member designated in the report, which shall be considered read, shall 
be separately debatable for the time specified in the report equally 
divided and controlled by the proponent and an opponent, and shall not 
be subject to a demand for a division of the question.
  The gentleman from Michigan (Mr. Walberg) and the gentleman from 
Virginia (Mr. Scott) each will control 30 minutes.
  The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Michigan (Mr. Walberg).


                             General Leave

  Mr. WALBERG. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that all Members 
may have 5 legislative days in which to revise and extend their remarks 
and include extraneous material on H.R. 2988.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the 
gentleman from Michigan?
  There was no objection.
  Mr. WALBERG. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise today to speak in support of H.R. 2988, the 
Protecting Prudent Investment of Retirement Savings Act, introduced by 
Representative Rick Allen, chairman of the Subcommittee on Health, 
Employment, Labor, and Pensions.
  At its core, this legislation is about one simple principle: 
Retirement savings should be managed to protect workers' futures and 
not to advance political agendas.
  Over the past several years, the Biden administration pushed a rule 
that encouraged retirement plan fiduciaries to consider environmental, 
social, and governance--ESG--factors, when making investment decisions. 
That might sound harmless, but in practice, it shifts the focus away 
from what retirement investing is supposed to be about: maximizing 
returns and minimizing risk for workers and retirees.
  Americans set aside money in their 401(k)'s and pension plans to 
retire with dignity. They do it so that they can pay their bills, cover 
medical costs, and support their families. They do not invest their 
hard-earned savings so that Federal bureaucrats can push ideological 
priorities.
  That is exactly the concern here. ESG investing has become a tool for 
advancing a broader political agenda. Instead of asking: Is this the 
best investment for the worker, the ESG framework often asks: Does this 
investment align with certain social or environmental goals?
  Those goals are not what ERISA was created to promote. ERISA, the 
Employee Retirement Income Security Act, was established to ensure that 
fiduciaries act in the best interests of plan participants. It requires 
loyalty, prudence, and a clear focus on financial outcomes that workers 
rely on.
  Mr. Speaker, the problem with the Biden-Harris rule is that it 
created permission and, in many cases, pressure for fiduciaries to 
prioritize ESG factors over the economic interests of participants. 
When that happens, retirement security is placed at risk.
  ESG funds are often more costly and less transparent. In many cases, 
they underperform compared to traditional options. That means that 
workers may be paying more and getting less--less growth, less 
stability, and less certainty about their future.
  This is not a theoretical issue. When a fiduciary chooses investments 
based on nonfinancial criteria, the person paying the price is not the 
bureaucrat in Washington or the corporate executive on a conference 
call. The person paying the price is the worker who depends on that 
retirement account to survive. That is why H.R. 2988 is needed.
  Mr. Speaker, this bill restores the proper purpose of retirement 
investing: financial security. It makes clear that retirement plan 
decisions must be made based solely on economic factors--things like 
risk, return, liquidity, and diversification. It also addresses how 
fiduciaries use shareholder rights, like proxy voting.
  Under current practices, some fiduciaries use the shares held in 
retirement plans to push political policies through proxy votes, 
whether or not those policies benefit the workers whose money is at 
stake.
  H.R. 2988 stops that. It makes clear that exercising shareholder 
rights, including proxy votes, must be done in the economic interests 
of plan participants, not to advance radical political initiatives, not 
to appease advocacy groups, and not to satisfy trends in the corporate 
boardrooms.
  In addition, the bill strengthens fairness and nondiscrimination in 
the selection of service providers. It states clearly that race, color, 
religion, sex, or national origin may not be considered when selecting 
fiduciaries, counsel, employees, or service providers for ERISA plans. 
Retirement plan service providers should be chosen on performance and 
price, not on ideology or race-based preference.
  Finally, Mr. Speaker, H.R. 2988 increases transparency for workers. 
It includes a notice requirement for defined contribution plans that 
explains the difference between selecting investments chosen by ERISA 
fiduciaries and selecting investments through a brokerage window.

                              {time}  0910

  Why does that matter? It matters because many workers do not realize 
that when they move money into a brokerage window, they may be stepping 
outside the protections provided by plan fiduciaries. This bill ensures 
workers are informed and can make decisions with clarity. In short, 
H.R. 2988 is a course correction. It protects retirees from financial 
experimentation. It protects workers from political interference, and 
it reinforces the idea that retirement plans exist for one reason: to 
help Americans retire with stability and security.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. SCOTT of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise in opposition to H.R. 2988, the Protecting 
Prudent Investment of Retirement Savings Act. This bill is premised on 
the Republicans' mistaken belief that they know best when it comes to 
investing workers' retirement savings.
  Under the present law, the retirement plan fiduciary is required to 
make prudent investment decisions in the best interests of plan 
participants and beneficiaries. The bill codifies two rules from the 
first Trump administration that impose first-of-their-kind restrictions 
on plan fiduciaries' abilities to consider what are called 
environmental, social, and governance, or ESG, factors when making 
investment decisions and exercise shareholder rights.
  The appropriate course of action is to permit fiduciaries to consider 
ESG factors so long as they don't diminish investment returns. As we 
know, such factors, whether it be sea level rise or poor corporate 
governance, are relevant to a company's performance. Considering 
whether a real estate investment will literally be underwater because 
of sea level rise is not ideology. It is sensible for plan fiduciaries 
to be permitted to consider such factors and to be able to adopt them 
if they don't reduce investment returns. That is precisely what the 
rule from the Biden administration permitted.

[[Page H900]]

  Predictably, the Trump administration is walking away from that rule, 
and now the House is continuing to go in the wrong direction. For 
example, H.R. 2988 will impose unnecessary barriers to considering 
things like sea level rise. The supporters are making up some risk, 
suggesting that some of these funds may be worse than others. I think 
the studies have shown that they are as good or better, in fact, than 
others. Meanwhile, the Trump administration appears to be poised to 
green light what are clearly consensus-held risky investments such as 
cryptocurrency and put those in retirement plans. That makes no sense 
at all.
  Finally, H.R. 2988 would undermine the worthwhile efforts to increase 
diversity among asset managers. There are about $82 trillion in 
financial assets in retirement funds. Only 1.4 percent of those assets 
are managed by women or minority firms. Women and minorities, 
represented by two-thirds of the population, they are managing 1.4 
percent of the assets.
  Now, apparently that creates a problem, and the problem is: How did 
they get the 1.4 percent? How did the good old boys lose 1.4 percent? 
So they are going to change the rules to limit access to women- and 
minority-owned firms. This bill would needlessly undermine what little 
progress has been made and actually raise questions about what problem 
we are trying to solve.
  We should be trusting our professionals bound by law, not House 
Republicans to make sound decisions about Americans' retirement 
savings.
  For those reasons, I oppose the bill, and I encourage my colleagues 
to do the same.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. WALBERG. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
  H.R. 2988 codifies the principles in the Trump Department of Labor's 
2020 rule on retirement plan ESG investing.
  Under the bill, as with the 2020 Trump rule, if a fiduciary finds 
that an ESG factor is a financial factor, then that factor can be 
considered when investing and exercising shareholder rights.
  Nothing in H.R. 2988 prevents a fiduciary from appropriately 
considering any material risk of an investment. Like the 2020 Trump 
rule, H.R. 2988 recognizes that ESG factors can present an economic 
risk or opportunity, which qualified investment professionals would 
appropriately treat as material economic considerations under generally 
accepted investment principles.
  H.R. 2988 neutrally applies these principles to all investment 
decisions.
  To suggest this bill bars a fiduciary from appropriately considering 
any factor that may be material to investment is blatantly false. 
Unlike the Biden-Harris rule, this legislation ensures neutrality and 
prudent decisionmaking by fiduciaries.
  My colleagues on the other side of the aisle have made many claims 
about the supposed advantages of ESG investing.
  Allow me to set the record straight. ESG funds have underperformed 
for years. According to Morningstar, ESG funds lagged the U.S. Market 
Index and the S&P 500 in 2023 and 2024. To make matters worse, ESG 
products charge higher fees to participants than traditional investment 
funds, which can significantly limit the growth of participants' 
retirement savings over time.
  Finally, according to researchers at George Mason University, ESG 
funds expose workers and retirees to additional investment risk that 
traditional investments typically do not face. Increased costs, 
increased risk, and lackluster returns make for a bad cocktail.
  Participants and beneficiaries of employer-sponsored retirement plans 
rely on the expertise of fiduciaries, who are required by law to act 
solely in the financial interests of participants. Weakening that 
expectation to advance partisan ideological objectives is wrong and 
hurts the safety and stability of Americans.
  Finally, Mr. Speaker, in response to my friends on the other side, 
many Democrats want to make race and sex the most important factors in 
choosing ERISA retirement plan service providers. In so doing, they are 
advocating for blatant race and sex discrimination, which we should all 
strongly oppose.

  Discrimination is never justified, and the use of quotas is 
inherently discriminatory. ERISA plan service providers must be 
selected using a prudent and nondiscriminatory process. That is what 
H.R. 2988 requires.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. SCOTT of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the 
gentleman from Illinois (Mr. Casten).
  Mr. CASTEN. Mr. Speaker, I rise in opposition to H.R. 2988.
  I am going to be honest. I cannot believe we are still engaged in 
this anticapitalist doublespeak; but if my Republican colleagues are 
going to keep bringing bills to the floor to destroy the fabric of our 
market-based economy, I am going to keep standing up for it.
  Let's be clear: ERISA already requires fiduciaries to act solely in 
the financial interests of plan participants and beneficiaries. H.R. 
2988 does not strengthen that standard. It simply assumes that a 
handful of paternalistic legislators know more about the interests of 
America's businessowners than they do.
  Before coming to Congress, I was a CEO of an energy company. We 
raised a couple hundred million dollars to build that business, and I 
was understandably accountable to a board appointed by those investors.
  I am trying to imagine a world where I showed up at a board meeting 
and told the owners of the company that I was leading that they were 
not allowed to ask me certain questions because, in my judgment, I had 
determined that their questions were nonpecuniary. That is not a world 
where I would have been employed for very long.
  It also wouldn't have been good for our business because different 
investors have different time horizons. You have got short-term 
investors who are concerned about next year's cash flows, but then you 
can have long-term investors, like pension funds, endowments, and 
family offices, who are going to be concerned about longer term risks 
including, but not limited to, your governance, your environmental 
exposures, who you hire, what kind of liabilities you are taking on, 
and that is fine. That is how a functioning market works.
  But H.R. 2988 prioritizes those short-term investors by creating an 
arbitrary distinction between pecuniary and nonpecuniary risk factors. 
That requires investors to ignore financially relevant information that 
they, in their sole discretion, believe impact long-term performance.

                              {time}  0920

  Why should we mandate ignorance? It is not the Federal Government's 
job to tell fiduciaries what categories of risk they can consider. 
Making investors dumber will only serve to drive capital out of U.S. 
markets, and that is not just theoretical.
  In Oklahoma, public pension officials estimated that complying with a 
similar blacklist policy could cost them nearly $10 million. In 
Arkansas, the State retirement system estimated comparable restrictions 
could reduce returns by $30 million to $40 million a year. In Indiana, 
an analysis found it could cost pension returns as much as $6.4 billion 
over 10 years.
  This legislation is not about protecting retirees. It is about 
protecting mediocre businesses from the vibrancy of well-informed, 
competitive capital markets. Maybe that satisfies some short-term, 
partisan political purpose, but it ain't patriotic and certainly ain't 
capitalism. All this will accomplish is to drive long-term investors 
out of U.S. equity markets.
  For the retirement savings of our police officers, teachers, and 
firefighters, and for the preservation of U.S. capital markets and 
capitalism that is free of the meddlesome government intervention that 
Republicans seem to love, I urge a ``no'' vote and oppose this 
legislation.
  Mr. WALBERG. Mr. Speaker, I yield 4 minutes to the gentleman from 
Georgia (Mr. Allen), the chairman of the Health, Employment, Labor, and 
Pensions Subcommittee and the sponsor of this good bill.
  Mr. ALLEN. Mr. Speaker, I thank the chairman for yielding his time, 
for his tireless work on behalf of American workers, and specifically 
for his support of the legislation before us today.

[[Page H901]]

  Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of H.R. 2988, the Protecting Prudent 
Investment of Retirement Savings Act, legislation I introduced earlier 
this year to ensure hardworking Americans do not have their retirement 
savings jeopardized by politically motivated mismanagement. What I am 
hearing is that, I think, this bill fixes everything that the other 
side has been talking about as far as free markets and capitalism.
  For those listening at home, it is important to understand how we got 
here. In 2022, the Biden administration heavy-handedly put the 
retirement security of over 150 million Americans at risk by issuing a 
deeply flawed rule to enable retirement plan fiduciaries to consider or 
choose investments based on environmental, social, and governance, or 
ESG, factors. That is not free market. That is not capitalism.
  It is proven that ESG factors often charge steeper fees, carry higher 
risks, have lower returns, and are well-known underperformers. That is 
precisely why this rule garnered bipartisan, bicameral disapproval in 
the form of a Congressional Review Act resolution that passed both the 
House and Senate.
  However, the Biden-Harris administration vetoed the resolution, 
choosing to prioritize leftwing environmental and social issues ahead 
of retirees' financial security.
  As chairman of the HELP Subcommittee, I remain committed to 
protecting the retirement savings of workers, retirees, and their 
families. The Protecting Prudent Investment of Retirement Savings Act 
would codify that retirement plan sponsors must make investment 
decisions solely based on economic factors and financial returns.
  Additionally, the bill states that the decision to exercise a 
shareholder right is subject to the purchase and loyalty duties under 
ERISA. It states that proxies held by ERISA plans must be voted in the 
economic interests of the plan, not used to advance radical policies 
and favors to crony capitalists.
  The bill declares that race, color, religion, sex, or national origin 
may not be taken into consideration when selecting a fiduciary, 
counsel, employee, or service provider of an ERISA plan.
  Lastly, it implements a notice requirement on defined contribution 
plans, explaining the difference between choosing from investments 
selected by ERISA fiduciaries and choosing from investments through a 
brokerage window.
  Mr. Speaker, I think most would agree that advancing a political 
agenda at the expense of retirement savings is wrong. Let's be clear: 
Americans invest to secure a brighter future for themselves and their 
families, not to bankroll Democrats' radical initiatives and pet 
projects and take care of their crony capitalists.
  Retirement plan sponsors have a duty to prioritize financial returns, 
ensuring Americans' hard-earned savings are invested in a sensible 
manner. The Protecting Prudent Investment of Retirement Savings Act 
delivers a significant win to retirees across the Nation, and I 
strongly urge my colleagues on both sides of the aisle to support its 
passage.
  I thank my staff for their diligent work on this bill. I thank 
Chairman Walberg for his support throughout the committee process and 
Leader Scalise and Speaker Johnson for bringing H.R. 2988 to the House 
floor.
  Mr. SCOTT of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the 
gentleman from Rhode Island (Mr. Magaziner).
  Mr. MAGAZINER. Mr. Speaker, I thank the ranking member for yielding. 
I rise in opposition to this bill, which will only hurt the retirement 
savings of millions of Americans.
  Our Republican colleagues are once again prioritizing culture wars 
over working people and threatening the retirement savings of nurses, 
teachers, police officers, and healthcare workers, who are just trying 
to save for their future with peace of mind.
  The bill before us today injects politics into investment decisions 
that should be guided by sound financial judgment.
  Let me be clear. Environmental, social, and governance risks are 
material and pecuniary, and companies that adopt thoughtful policies on 
these risks outperform those that don't over the long term.
  If an oil company is cutting corners, and it leads to a spill that is 
expensive to the company, that hurts shareholders. That hurts people 
who are saving for retirement. That is a failure to manage an 
environmental risk.

  If a company maintains a culture in the office that allows rampant 
discrimination that causes lawsuits that are expensive to the company, 
that is a social factor. That is a material risk.
  If executive pay is structured in a way where it is not tied to 
shareholder performance, that is a risk.
  As a former State treasurer, I know that ignoring these risks does 
not make them disappear.
  By the way, the proxy voting process is an important way for 
shareholders to tell executives at companies when they think that 
something needs to change. They are nonbinding. What this bill would do 
is make it harder for shareholders to vote to put even nonbinding items 
in front of a board to consider.
  I have heard the other side say that this bill does not preclude ESG 
factors from being considered if they are material, but that is not 
true in practice. What will happen in practice is that SEC bureaucrats 
and political appointees will get to choose what is material and what 
is not.
  Any time an executive, a corporate executive, doesn't like what a 
shareholder proposal is about, they can go to the SEC and say: ``Keep 
this off the ballot. I don't want to see it.'' It will be up to those 
bureaucrats and political appointees to decide what is material and 
what is not.
  How about we trust the investors? How about we trust the people who 
are actually doing the work? How about we trust the plan participants, 
the workers, and the retirees? Anyone who has a 401(k) or an IRA will 
tell you that they can go on the website and pick from a range of 
different plans based on what they think is a good idea for them. Why 
don't we trust them instead of trusting bureaucrats and political 
appointees to make decisions for everybody else?
  Understand why we are here and who this bill helps. This bill helps 
corporate executives who do not want to be held accountable by their 
own shareholders.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of the gentleman has expired.
  Mr. SCOTT of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, I yield an additional 1 minute to 
the gentleman from Rhode Island.
  Mr. MAGAZINER. Mr. Speaker, this bill helps executives who do not 
want to be held accountable by their own shareholders for material ESG 
risks.
  It all comes down to time horizons, as Mr. Casten said. When I was 
State treasurer, I had 60,000 people who were relying on me for their 
retirement. I had people who were 90- or 100-year-old retirees, and I 
had first-year teachers who were 23 years old. I owed just as much of a 
fiduciary duty to those 23-year-olds as the 90-year-olds.

                              {time}  0930

  So long-term factors and ESG factors matter even when corporate 
executives who are focused on the short term don't care about them.
  This bill claims to be about free markets. It is the opposite. It is 
taking choice away from investors and away from retirees and plan 
participants and putting it in the hands of bureaucrats and political 
appointees.
  Mr. Speaker, I urge a ``no'' vote.
  Mr. WALBERG. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from 
Michigan (Mr. Huizenga), who is vice chair of the Financial Services 
Committee and extremely well-versed in being able to deal with this 
issue.
  Mr. HUIZENGA. Mr. Speaker, I appreciate my colleague from Michigan 
granting me a little time here. I was not planning on speaking on this. 
I am actually down here for an amendment, but let me clean it up.
  Mr. Speaker, the hot garbage that we are hearing right now from the 
other side prompts me to address this. I am vice chair of the Financial 
Services Committee. One of our speakers earlier serves on that 
committee where we regularly cross swords philosophically about what 
the role of ESG is. Environmental, social, and governance has been a 
hot topic, Mr. Speaker. I can tell you that.
  When he is trying to compare what we are talking about today, 
regarding what we are dealing with with some of the other retirement 
plans and publicly traded companies and what the SEC

[[Page H902]]

has been doing, we are not talking apples and oranges. We are talking 
apples and pinecones. They might both grow on trees, but they are not 
anything like what the reality is.
  He is talking about being a CEO. One of our colleagues was talking 
about being a CEO of a wind company. Mr. Speaker, that is, by 
definition, one of those ESG companies. When he is talking about 
pecuniary questions not being allowed to be asked, that is completely 
false. Materiality is the watchword.
  What we saw under the last administration, by the way, is they blew 
through that legal definition which was from 1976. Thurgood Marshall is 
the one who developed the materiality definition by law.
  They blew through that and said: Do you know what, these issues are 
so important to us that we are going to just set the law aside and say: 
No, you must have an environmental or social or governance lens with 
which to drive this through.
  That has nothing to do with return. It has nothing to do with return. 
What we have seen is that the activist investors who have gotten 
involved, who have driven these, who have put these shareholder 
proposals in place and have put these requests in place, don't care 
about return. That isn't their goal. Their goal is social change.
  What we have seen, Mr. Speaker, is over the years we have seen time 
and time again the cudgel of government and the cudgel of regulators 
being used to pound business and investment into what they think is the 
right place. What it has done is actually cheated those who are 
dependent upon the return, whether it is a firefighter or a teacher.
  By the way, in CalPERS, they have actually extracted themselves from 
a number of these ESG programs and portfolios.
  Why is that?
  It is because they were having lawsuits from their own members 
demanding more return and less concern.
  What I would just say is that the Financial Services Committee put 
together an ESG work group that I had the pleasure of chairing, and we 
came up with a report.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of the gentleman has expired.
  Mr. WALBERG. Mr. Speaker, I yield an additional 1 minute to the 
gentleman from Michigan.
  Mr. HUIZENGA. I will wrap this up.
  Mr. Speaker, what that report identified was that what we are seeing 
is materiality. By the way, material issues are legally required to be 
disclosed for a publicly traded company or for any of these investment 
folks. So nobody is trying to hide things. In fact, they are legally 
required to disclose any of those material issues that may affect stock 
price.
  What we are seeing here is that the gentleman from Illinois and 
others have argued that all questions regarding the environment or 
social issues are somehow material.
  Mr. Speaker, it simply isn't true. We have to put the investor--that 
retiree, that person who is desperate for returns so that they can 
retire--first, not second, behind social issues that bureaucrats have 
decided is the primary goal.
  Mr. SCOTT of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the 
gentleman from California (Mr. DeSaulnier), who is the ranking member 
of the Subcommittee on Health, Employment, Labor, and Pensions.
  Mr. DeSAULNIER. Mr. Speaker, I thank the ranking member for yielding 
and for his leadership in opposition to this bill.
  Environmental, social, and governance are factors that retirement 
plan fiduciaries may consider when making investments on behalf of 
retirement plans covered by ERISA. Factors that may fall within ESG 
include impact of the company's actions on climate change, working 
conditions, and employee safety at the company, and its management 
structure.
  Weighing ESG factors when making investment decisions is not only 
more socially responsible, it is also more fiscally responsible for the 
type of long-term investments managed by retirement plan fiduciaries. 
Factors like sea level rise due to climate change, child labor 
violations, or track records for mistreating workers could cause 
unnecessary investment risks over time. Investors should be protected 
from those kinds of unethical management practices. That is why it 
should be considered a best practice for retirement plan professionals 
to appropriately weigh ESG factors--just weigh them.
  Unfortunately, this bill would establish unnecessary barriers to 
retirement plan fiduciaries who want to consider these factors. This is 
despite the fact that even those fiduciaries who consider ESG factors 
are still required under ERISA to run plans solely in the best interest 
of participants and fiduciaries.

  I filed an amendment to this bill that would permit plan fiduciaries 
to consider ESG factors when they make investment decisions, which 
aligns with the Biden administration's ESG rule that was upheld twice 
by Federal district courts before being abandoned by the Trump 
administration.
  Crucially, my amendment would have also upheld core ERISA protections 
and explicitly ensured that fiduciaries do not sacrifice investment 
returns when they consider ESG factors. Unfortunately, House 
Republicans and House Republican leadership prevented the amendment 
from being approved in the committee.
  Mr. Speaker, we should trust the professionals who are legally 
obligated to make prudent decisions on behalf of retirement plan 
participants, not undermine their ability to make sound investment 
decisions.
  Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to oppose H.R. 2988. Once again, I 
thank the ranking member for his leadership.
  Mr. WALBERG. Mr. Speaker, we are getting to a point, I think, that 
the old adage that everything has been said, just not everyone has said 
it yet. But with fear of offending that specific adage, I must 
respectfully, again, address the fact of the misconception that is 
being put forward about the Biden ESG rule as being neutral. That was, 
is, and always will be patently false.
  The Biden-Harris ESG rule was explicitly intended to advance the 
left's radical climate and social agenda that harms Americans' 
retirement and long-term financial well-being. Even though the debate 
can be made about ESG issues, that is not what we want to see taking 
place for the best benefit of retirees.
  This legislation is needed to combat the Biden rule which was issued 
in response to not one but two executive orders on climate change. The 
Biden Labor Department expressly stated that the intended effect of the 
rule is to loosen restrictions on fiduciaries and encourage them to 
consider ESG factors in their decisionmaking; to encourage them, not 
simply allow it, but to encourage them.
  The Biden Labor Department's explanation of the rule lists ESG 
factors that it believes are relevant to investment performance, 
including impacts to climate change, corporate board composition, and 
workplace diversity and inclusion.
  H.R. 2988 is essential to restore the neutrality of financial factor-
only evaluation when investing to protect America's retirement savers.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.

                              {time}  0940

  Mr. SCOTT of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, I yield 4 minutes to the 
gentlewoman from Ohio (Ms. Kaptur).
  Ms. KAPTUR. Mr. Speaker, this bill unnecessarily restricts the free 
market. It dictates what private sector fiduciaries can and cannot 
consider when making investment decisions that directly affect the 
savings and retirement savings of hardworking Americans.
  For this reason and at the appropriate time, I will offer a motion to 
recommit this bill back to committee.
  If House rules permitted, I would have offered the motion with an 
important amendment to this bill. My amendment would have been the text 
of H.R. 1357, the Susan Muffley Act.
  Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to insert the text of my 
amendment into the Record immediately prior to the motion to recommit.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the 
gentlewoman from Ohio?
  There was no objection.
  Ms. KAPTUR. H.R. 1357 is a bill that addresses a true injustice to 
thousands

[[Page H903]]

of workers and retirees across this country, a bill to restore the 
Delphi salaried retirees' pensions.
  For decades, the men and women who built Delphi--and they worked 
hard--were told that if they worked hard and kept their end of the 
deal, their retirement benefits would be there for them.
  However, that promise was broken through no fault of their own when 
Delphi collapsed, leaving more than 23,000 salaried workers, including 
over 5,000 in Ohio, with sharply reduced or eliminated pensions. Those 
are the folks that I mean. This is simply wrong. It is un-American.
  Mr. Turner, Ms. Tenney, Ms. Moore, and I have a bipartisan bill to 
restore dignity, fairness, and economic security to people who earned 
it the hard way. They worked hard.
  For too long, Delphi retirees have been asked to wait, to be patient, 
and to accept less than what they were promised and worked for and 
earned. Many are now well into their retirement years. It almost seems 
like a conspiracy to keep their retirement benefits away from them. 
They face rising healthcare costs, higher prices at the grocery store, 
and fixed incomes that were unjustly cut.
  These are not abstract numbers. These are real people who planned 
their lives around commitments and promises that were made to them and 
then broken.
  Let me remind you that when the auto rescue moved forward, corporate 
interests were stabilized, made whole, but working people were left 
behind, and that imbalance has lingered for two decades. Shame on us as 
a country. Shame on us and the people who allowed that to happen.
  The Susan Muffley Act corrects that injustice. It directs the Pension 
Benefit Guaranty Corporation to recalculate benefits without arbitrary 
gaps that punished Delphi retirees alone. It is a narrowly tailored 
fix, but one that delivers profound relief and long-overdue justice.
  This legislation is also about reaffirming a core American value: If 
you work hard, play by the rules, and keep your word, your company and 
country should keep its word to you.
  These retirees did not speculate. They did not gamble. They paid into 
a system that was supposed to protect them. Congress has a moral 
obligation to fix what was broken. Too bad the market can't do it 
alone.
  Every year of delay compounds the harm. The Susan Muffley Act will 
finally make these workers whole. I hope my colleagues will join me in 
voting for the motion to recommit.
  Mr. WALBERG. Mr. Speaker, I am prepared to close, and I reserve the 
balance of my time.
  Mr. SCOTT of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself the balance of my 
time.
  Mr. Speaker, I include in the Record links to letters in opposition 
to H.R. 2988: One led by the Americans for Financial Reform and signed 
by dozens of organizations representing labor, civil rights, 
environmental, and other relevant policy issues; another from the AFL-
CIO; a letter from SIRES; another letter signed by the National 
Employment Law Project, the Economic Policy Institute, and the National 
Partnership for Women and Families; one letter from SEIU; and one 
letter from the U.S. Sustainable Investment Forum. The link is: https:/
/house.app.box.com/s/xpixugm5qpckl4kxrc4h4u55i3to8roy
  Mr. Speaker, right now across the country, workers are struggling to 
pay their bills and meet basic needs, let alone save for retirement. It 
is incredibly hard for workers to do much on their own for retirement 
when, according to the Federal Reserve, many would struggle to come up 
with the money to finance an unexpected $400 expense, such as a car 
repair or medical bill.
  That being the case, it should not be controversial for retirement 
plan professionals to appropriately weigh environmental, social, and 
governance factors in their clients' best interests. H.R. 2988 would 
restrict the fiduciary's ability to consider all relevant factors that 
might affect investment decisions to the detriment of retirees.
  Of course, it has been pointed out that some ESG funds do better, 
some do worse, just like all other categories of funds. The committee 
chair's opening statement suggested that ESG funds don't do as well as 
the S&P 500. The fact is, most funds don't do as well as the S&P 500 
index funds, but the other funds are not restricted. A consideration, 
not a mandate, of ESG factors ought to be allowed.
  They said the present law is not neutral. This law is not neutral 
because if you want to consider environmental possibilities and 
concerns or governance or other factors like that, extra paperwork is 
needed, and it is much more difficult to have those considered.
  Mr. Speaker, the professionals ought to be able to decide what are 
the best investments for the retirees, not politicians. For that 
reason, I oppose the bill and urge my colleagues to do the same.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time.
  Mr. WALBERG. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself the balance of my time.
  Let me close with this: H.R. 2988 is about keeping retirement 
investing focused on what matters--protecting workers and retirees.
  The Biden-Harris ESG rule encouraged fiduciaries to consider 
political and ideological factors in retirement plans, even when that 
could increase risk and reduce returns. That is unacceptable.
  Representative Rick Allen's bill restores the ERISA standard by 
requiring that investment decisions be based only on economic factors. 
It ensures proxy voting and shareholder rights are exercised solely in 
the financial interest of plan participants, not to push radical 
policies. It bans discrimination in selecting plan fiduciaries and 
service providers based on race, religion, sex, or national origin. It 
almost sounds American in its idea. It improves transparency by 
requiring plans to explain the difference between fiduciary-selected 
investments and brokerage windows.
  This bill puts retirement savers first, and I urge my colleagues to 
vote ``yes'' on this bill.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. All time for debate on the bill has expired.


                Amendment No. 1 Offered by Mr. Huizenga

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. It is now in order to consider amendment No. 
1 printed in part A of House Report 119-440.
  Mr. HUIZENGA. Mr. Speaker, I have an amendment at the desk.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Clerk will designate the amendment.
  The text of the amendment is as follows:

       Add at the end the following:

     SEC. 4003. GAO STUDY OF BROKERAGE ACCOUNTS.

       Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this 
     Act, the Comptroller General shall submit a report to 
     Congress comparing the returns generated by any investment 
     arrangement that--
       (1) is not a designated investment alternative (as defined 
     in section 2(46) of the Employee Retirement Income Security 
     Act of 1974 (29 U.S.C. 1002(46));
       (2) is subject to section 404(c)(7) of such Act (29 U.S.C 
     1104(c)(7)); and
       (3) is available in defined contribution plans (as defined 
     in section 3(34) of such Act (29 U.S.C. 1002(34))
     with the returns generated by other investment options 
     available in such plans.
       Page 3, line 7, insert after the item relating to section 
     4002 the following:
Sec. 4003. GAO study of brokerage accounts.

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to House Resolution 988, the 
gentleman from Michigan (Mr. Huizenga) and a Member opposed each will 
control 5 minutes.
  The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Michigan.
  Mr. HUIZENGA. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
  This amendment requires the Government Accountability Office, the 
GAO, to submit a report to Congress comparing brokerage window 
investments in the context of defined contribution plans.
  The GAO report will compare investment returns generated through 
participant-controlled brokerage windows and similar arrangements with 
the investment returns generated by investments selected and monitored 
by plan fiduciaries.
  What does that mean in plain English? It means basically, do you want 
to be involved in the decisions surrounding your investments?
  Most defined contribution plans, like 401(k) plans allow participants 
to direct their investments from a menu of options selected by 
investment fiduciaries, who are the experts. Those are

[[Page H904]]

the professionals who have a legal obligation to maximize return for 
the investor.

                              {time}  0950

  Plan fiduciaries go through an extensive selection and monitoring 
process, evaluating fees, risks, performance, and how each option 
compares to available alternatives.
  If the plan fiduciary places pooled asset funds, like mutual funds, 
on the investment menu, the fees are almost always lower, which 
bolsters the fund's net return, meaning more money in the pockets of 
the investor.
  Brokerage window participants are bypassing the investments selected 
by the plan's investment fiduciaries and self-selecting investments for 
their retirement savings.
  Again, Mr. Speaker, this is about whether you want to be involved in 
your own retirement savings decisions. I do, by the way.
  If the participant purchases a mutual fund through a brokerage 
window, the participant would likely be subject to the highest retail 
share class fee for that mutual fund. This amendment calls for the GAO 
to study whether the net returns generated through brokerage windows 
are comparable to those generated by the investments selected by plan 
fiduciaries.
  We have had, Mr. Speaker, quite a discussion about ESG and the 
overarching bill. The point that I had been trying to make earlier was 
that materiality and return should be the watchword. It is the legal 
requirement, by the way, but we have seen a warping of government and 
the regulations surrounding it to try to pound these investments into a 
social circle that some, not all of us, believe is the right direction 
to go.
  Here is what I want to do, Mr. Speaker. I want to maximize return for 
that firefighter, that teacher, that police officer. I want to make 
sure that those who traditionally have not had choice in how they are 
going to invest their retirement savings get some selection in that 
through approved funds, through fiduciary responsibilities of 
professionals. This is the right thing to do and the right direction to 
go.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. SCOTT of Virginia. Mr. Chair, I claim the time in opposition to 
the amendment, and I yield myself such time as I may consume.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman is recognized for 5 minutes.
  Mr. SCOTT of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, this amendment appears to require 
GAO to submit a report to Congress that compares the returns generated 
through the brokerage windows with those of other investments available 
through retirement plans.
  Brokerage windows allow plan participants to invest outside the menu 
of designated investment alternatives available under their plan. Such 
investments can include mutual funds and, in some cases, individual 
stocks and bonds.
  Of the amendments that were filed at Rules Committee, my Democratic 
colleagues and I would have preferred one from the ranking member of 
the Health, Employment, Labor, and Pensions Subcommittee, Mr. 
DeSaulnier of California, to be made in order. His amendment would have 
fixed the fundamental flaw of division A of the bill, which simply 
would have ensured that plan fiduciaries would be permitted to consider 
ESG investments if they can be done without sacrificing investment 
returns.
  Although I do not oppose the amendment offered by the gentleman from 
Michigan, I do have a couple of observations about it.
  First, the effect of this amendment could be accomplished by just 
writing a letter to GAO, along with the chair of the Education and 
Workforce Committee. That would be faster than sticking it on this bill 
and hoping the bill passes.

  We may draw the conclusion that this amendment was made in order so 
that the Republican majority could say they have an open process on 
this flawed bill and avoid yet another criticism of all of their closed 
rules.
  With respect to the substance of the amendment, I am concerned that 
it needlessly pits two things that are not in conflict, that is, 
brokerage windows and the plan's designated investments.
  My colleagues know, in 2021, the ERISA Advisory Council examined 
brokerage windows. They noted that fewer than one-third of the 
retirement plans even offer a brokerage window, and roughly 2 percent 
of plan participants with access to one actually choose it. When you 
look at the average brokerage window account, it exceeded over 
$300,000, which is far greater than what many Americans have in their 
total retirement funds.
  While few people are using the brokerage windows, the ones that do 
may be interested in exploring funds or stocks that are not affected by 
their plan. Of those mutual funds that are offered, some may be ESG-
themed.
  If that is the concern of my colleagues, and if they are banking on 
the GAO to produce a report that shows ESG-themed funds offered in a 
brokerage account will underperform, they may be disappointed because 
researchers at New York University noted that ``empirical studies and 
meta-analyses consistently demonstrate a positive relationship between 
ESG integration and financial performance.''
  GAO itself has already examined this issue in the past and stated: 
``The vast majority, 88 percent, of the scenarios in studies we 
reviewed . . . reported finding a neutral or positive relationship 
between the use of ESG information in investment management and 
financial returns.''
  Finally, the gentleman's amendment must be considered alongside the 
House Republicans' efforts to decimate GAO's budget. Last summer, House 
Republicans proposed cutting the GAO budget by 50 percent. Fortunately, 
that was restored in the final version, but it is curious that the 
House Republicans now want to give the GAO more work after they were so 
intent on cutting its budget.
  Mr. Speaker, I don't know whether it makes much difference whether it 
passes or not, but I yield back the balance of my time.
  Mr. HUIZENGA. Mr. Speaker, I will close with this. I appreciate where 
the gentleman is coming from. This has been a long debate regarding 
some of these issues surrounding what I believe is the core issue. I 
believe the core issue, Mr. Speaker, is that it is time for us to put 
retirees first, not second, in investment decisions.
  The gentleman was talking about it in ESG funds. I have no problem 
with the existence of an ESG fund. If someone, for whatever personal 
reason, decides that they want to invest in a fund that does not have 
holdings in oil or in pharmaceuticals or something along those lines, 
that is quite all right, but, Mr. Speaker, it has to be voluntary. It 
has to be voluntary.
  It is okay to invest in that ESG fund, but it is not okay, Mr. 
Speaker, to force someone into that ESG fund who is then going to 
suffer for that decision because of a lack of return.
  The gentleman cited one study, and I am actually familiar with the 
study. I can show you five studies for every one that is opposed to 
this notion that ESG funds are more expensive and have a lower return. 
At the end of the day, it needs to be about choice for those retirees 
and their opportunity.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to the rule, the previous question 
is ordered on the amendment offered by the gentleman from Michigan (Mr. 
Huizenga).
  The question is on the amendment.
  The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced that 
the ayes appeared to have it.
  Mr. WALBERG. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and nays.
  The yeas and nays were ordered.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to clause 9 of rule XX, this 15-
minute vote on the amendment will be followed by 5-minute votes on:
  Motion to recommit H.R. 2988, if offered; and
  Passage of H.R. 2988, if ordered.
  The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 395, 
nays 22, not voting 14, as follows:

                             [Roll No. 29]

                               YEAS--395

     Adams
     Aderholt
     Aguilar
     Alford
     Allen
     Amo
     Amodei (NV)
     Ansari
     Arrington
     Auchincloss
     Babin
     Bacon
     Balderson
     Balint
     Barr
     Barragan
     Barrett
     Baumgartner
     Bean (FL)
     Beatty
     Begich
     Bell
     Bentz
     Bera
     Bergman
     Beyer
     Bice

[[Page H905]]


     Biggs (AZ)
     Biggs (SC)
     Bilirakis
     Bishop
     Boebert
     Bonamici
     Bost
     Boyle (PA)
     Brecheen
     Bresnahan
     Brown
     Brownley
     Buchanan
     Budzinski
     Burchett
     Burlison
     Bynum
     Calvert
     Cammack
     Carbajal
     Carey
     Carson
     Carter (GA)
     Carter (LA)
     Carter (TX)
     Case
     Cherfilus-McCormick
     Chu
     Ciscomani
     Cisneros
     Clarke (NY)
     Cleaver
     Cline
     Cloud
     Clyburn
     Clyde
     Cohen
     Cole
     Collins
     Comer
     Conaway
     Correa
     Costa
     Courtney
     Craig
     Crane
     Crank
     Crawford
     Crenshaw
     Crockett
     Crow
     Cuellar
     Davids (KS)
     Davidson
     Davis (IL)
     Davis (NC)
     De La Cruz
     Dean (PA)
     DeGette
     DeLauro
     DelBene
     Deluzio
     DeSaulnier
     DesJarlais
     Dexter
     Diaz-Balart
     Dingell
     Doggett
     Donalds
     Downing
     Dunn (FL)
     Edwards
     Ellzey
     Emmer
     Espaillat
     Estes
     Evans (CO)
     Evans (PA)
     Ezell
     Fallon
     Fedorchak
     Feenstra
     Fields
     Figures
     Fine
     Finstad
     Fischbach
     Fitzgerald
     Fitzpatrick
     Fleischmann
     Flood
     Fong
     Foster
     Foushee
     Foxx
     Frankel, Lois
     Franklin, Scott
     Friedman
     Frost
     Fry
     Fulcher
     Garamendi
     Garbarino
     Garcia (CA)
     Garcia (IL)
     Garcia (TX)
     Gill (TX)
     Gillen
     Gimenez
     Golden (ME)
     Goldman (TX)
     Gonzales, Tony
     Gonzalez, V.
     Gooden
     Goodlander
     Gosar
     Gottheimer
     Graves
     Gray
     Green, Al (TX)
     Griffith
     Grijalva
     Grothman
     Guest
     Guthrie
     Hageman
     Hamadeh (AZ)
     Harder (CA)
     Haridopolos
     Harrigan
     Harris (MD)
     Harris (NC)
     Harshbarger
     Hayes
     Hern (OK)
     Higgins (LA)
     Hill (AR)
     Himes
     Hinson
     Horsford
     Houchin
     Houlahan
     Hoyer
     Hudson
     Huizenga
     Hurd (CO)
     Issa
     Ivey
     Jack
     Jackson (TX)
     Jacobs
     James
     Jayapal
     Jeffries
     Johnson (GA)
     Johnson (LA)
     Johnson (SD)
     Johnson (TX)
     Jordan
     Joyce (OH)
     Joyce (PA)
     Kamlager-Dove
     Kaptur
     Kean
     Keating
     Kelly (IL)
     Kelly (MS)
     Kelly (PA)
     Kennedy (NY)
     Kennedy (UT)
     Khanna
     Kiggans (VA)
     Kiley (CA)
     Kim
     Knott
     Krishnamoorthi
     Kustoff
     LaHood
     LaLota
     Landsman
     Langworthy
     Larsen (WA)
     Larson (CT)
     Latimer
     Latta
     Lawler
     Lee (FL)
     Lee (NV)
     Leger Fernandez
     Letlow
     Levin
     Liccardo
     Lieu
     Lofgren
     Loudermilk
     Lucas
     Luna
     Luttrell
     Lynch
     Mackenzie
     Magaziner
     Malliotakis
     Maloy
     Mann
     Mannion
     Massie
     Mast
     Matsui
     McBath
     McCaul
     McClain
     McClain Delaney
     McClellan
     McClintock
     McCollum
     McCormick
     McDonald Rivet
     McDowell
     McGuire
     McIver
     Meeks
     Menendez
     Meng
     Messmer
     Meuser
     Mfume
     Miller (IL)
     Miller (OH)
     Miller (WV)
     Miller-Meeks
     Mills
     Min
     Moolenaar
     Moore (AL)
     Moore (NC)
     Moore (UT)
     Moore (WI)
     Moore (WV)
     Moran
     Morelle
     Morrison
     Moskowitz
     Mrvan
     Mullin
     Nadler
     Neal
     Neguse
     Newhouse
     Nunn (IA)
     Obernolte
     Ogles
     Olszewski
     Onder
     Owens
     Pallone
     Palmer
     Panetta
     Pappas
     Patronis
     Pelosi
     Perez
     Perry
     Peters
     Pettersen
     Pfluger
     Pingree
     Pocan
     Pou
     Pressley
     Quigley
     Raskin
     Reschenthaler
     Riley (NY)
     Rivas
     Rogers (AL)
     Rogers (KY)
     Rose
     Ross
     Rouzer
     Roy
     Ruiz
     Rulli
     Rutherford
     Ryan
     Salazar
     Salinas
     Sanchez
     Scalise
     Schakowsky
     Schmidt
     Schneider
     Scholten
     Schrier
     Schweikert
     Scott (VA)
     Scott, Austin
     Scott, David
     Self
     Sessions
     Sewell
     Sherman
     Shreve
     Simon
     Simpson
     Smith (MO)
     Smith (NE)
     Smith (NJ)
     Smith (WA)
     Smucker
     Sorensen
     Soto
     Spartz
     Stansbury
     Stanton
     Stauber
     Stefanik
     Steil
     Stevens
     Strickland
     Strong
     Stutzman
     Subramanyam
     Suozzi
     Sykes
     Takano
     Taylor
     Tenney
     Thanedar
     Thompson (CA)
     Thompson (MS)
     Thompson (PA)
     Tiffany
     Timmons
     Titus
     Tokuda
     Tonko
     Torres (CA)
     Torres (NY)
     Trahan
     Tran
     Turner (OH)
     Underwood
     Valadao
     Van Drew
     Van Duyne
     Van Epps
     Vasquez
     Veasey
     Velazquez
     Vindman
     Wagner
     Walberg
     Walkinshaw
     Wasserman Schultz
     Waters
     Watson Coleman
     Weber (TX)
     Webster (FL)
     Westerman
     Whitesides
     Wied
     Williams (GA)
     Williams (TX)
     Wilson (FL)
     Wilson (SC)
     Wittman
     Yakym
     Zinke

                                NAYS--22

     Casten
     Castro (TX)
     Clark (MA)
     Elfreth
     Escobar
     Fletcher
     Goldman (NY)
     Gomez
     Hoyle (OR)
     Huffman
     Jackson (IL)
     Lee (PA)
     McBride
     McGarvey
     McGovern
     Ocasio-Cortez
     Omar
     Ramirez
     Randall
     Scanlon
     Tlaib
     Vargas

                             NOT VOTING--14

     Baird
     Casar
     Castor (FL)
     Hunt
     Mace
     Moulton
     Murphy
     Nehls
     Norcross
     Norman
     Steube
     Swalwell
     Van Orden
     Womack

                              {time}  1029

  Mr. HUFFMAN, Mses. ELFRETH, RANDALL, and OCASIO-CORTEZ changed their 
vote from ``yea'' to ``nay.''
  Mses. DelBENE, BUDZINSKI, Mr. COHEN, Mses. LOFGREN, LEGER FERNANDEZ, 
Mr. GOTTHEIMER, Mses. DeGETTE, BALINT, Mr. DOGGETT, Ms. JAYAPAL, Mr. 
AMO, Ms. PRESSLEY, Mr. MRVAN and Ms. STANSBURY, changed their vote from 
``nay'' to ``yea.''
  So the amendment was agreed to.
  The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the engrossment and third 
reading of the bill.
  The bill was ordered to be engrossed and read a third time, and was 
read the third time.


                           Motion to Recommit

  Ms. KAPTUR. Mr. Speaker, I have a motion to recommit at the desk.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Clerk will report the motion to 
recommit.
  The Clerk read as follows:

       Ms. Kaptur of Ohio moves to recommit the bill H.R. 2988 to 
     the Committee on Education and Workforce.

  The material previously referred to by Ms. Kaptur is as follows:

      -  Ms. Kaptur moves to recommit the bill H.R. 2988 to the 
     Committee on Education and the Workforce with instructions to 
     report the same back to the House forthwith, with the 
     following amendment:
       Add at the end the following:

                     DIVISION E--SUSAN MUFFLEY ACT

     SEC. 5001. SHORT TITLE.

       This division may be cited as the ``Susan Muffley Act of 
     2025''.

     SEC. 5002. GUARANTEED BENEFIT CALCULATION FOR CERTAIN PLANS.

       (a) In General.--
       (1) Increase to full vested plan benefit.--
       (A) In general.--For purposes of determining what benefits 
     are guaranteed under section 4022 of the Employee Retirement 
     Income Security Act of 1974 (in this section referred to as 
     ``ERISA'') with respect to an eligible participant or 
     beneficiary under a covered plan specified in paragraph (4) 
     in connection with the termination of such plan, the amount 
     of monthly benefits shall be equal to the full vested plan 
     benefit with respect to the participant.
       (B) No effect on previous determinations.--Nothing in this 
     Act shall be construed to change the allocation of assets and 
     recoveries under sections 4044(a) and 4022(c) of ERISA as 
     previously determined by the Pension Benefit Guaranty 
     Corporation (in the section referred to as the 
     ``corporation'') for the covered plans specified in paragraph 
     (4), and the corporation's applicable rules, practices, and 
     policies on benefits payable in terminated single-employer 
     plans shall, except as otherwise provided in this section, 
     continue to apply with respect to such covered plans.
       (2) Recalculation of certain benefits.--
       (A) In general.--In any case in which the amount of monthly 
     benefits with respect to an eligible participant or 
     beneficiary described in paragraph (1) was calculated prior 
     to the date of enactment of this Act, the corporation shall 
     recalculate such amount pursuant to paragraph (1), and shall 
     adjust any subsequent payments of such monthly benefits 
     accordingly, as soon as practicable after such date.
       (B) Lump-sum payments of past-due benefits.--Not later than 
     180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
     corporation, in consultation with the Secretary of the 
     Treasury and the Secretary of Labor, shall make a lump-sum 
     payment to each eligible participant or beneficiary whose 
     guaranteed benefits are recalculated under subparagraph (A) 
     in an amount equal to--
       (i) in the case of an eligible participant, the excess of--

       (I) the total of the full vested plan benefits of the 
     participant for all months for which such guaranteed benefits 
     were paid prior to such recalculation, over
       (II) the sum of any applicable payments made to the 
     eligible participant; and

       (ii) in the case of an eligible beneficiary, the sum of--

       (I) the amount that would be determined under clause (i) 
     with respect to the participant of which the eligible 
     beneficiary is a beneficiary if such participant were still 
     in pay status; plus
       (II) the excess of--

       (aa) the total of the full vested plan benefits of the 
     eligible beneficiary for all months for which such guaranteed 
     benefits were paid prior to such recalculation, over
       (bb) the sum of any applicable payments made to the 
     eligible beneficiary.
     Notwithstanding the previous sentence, the corporation shall 
     increase each lump-sum payment made under this subparagraph 
     to account for foregone interest in an amount determined by 
     the corporation designed to reflect a 6 percent annual 
     interest rate on each past-due amount attributable to the 
     underpayment of guaranteed benefits for each month prior to 
     such recalculation.
       (C) Eligible participants and beneficiaries.--
       (i) In general.--For purposes of this section, an eligible 
     participant or beneficiary is a participant or beneficiary 
     who--

       (I) as of the date of the enactment of this Act, is in pay 
     status under a covered plan or

[[Page H906]]

     is eligible for future payments under such plan;
       (II) has received or will receive applicable payments in 
     connection with such plan (within the meaning of clause (ii)) 
     that does not exceed the full vested plan benefits of such 
     participant or beneficiary; and
       (III) is not covered by the 1999 agreements between General 
     Motors and various unions providing a top-up benefit to 
     certain hourly employees who were transferred from the 
     General Motors Hourly-Rate Employees Pension Plan to the 
     Delphi Hourly-Rate Employees Pension Plan.

       (ii) Applicable payments.--For purposes of this paragraph, 
     applicable payments to a participant or beneficiary in 
     connection with a plan consist of the following:

       (I) Payments under the plan equal to the normal benefit 
     guarantee of the participant or beneficiary.
       (II) Payments to the participant or beneficiary made 
     pursuant to section 4022(c) or otherwise received from the 
     corporation in connection with the termination of the plan.

       (3) Definitions.--For purposes of this subsection--
       (A) Full vested plan benefit.--The term ``full vested plan 
     benefit'' means the amount of monthly benefits that would be 
     guaranteed under section 4022 of ERISA as of the date of plan 
     termination with respect to an eligible participant or 
     beneficiary if such section were applied without regard to 
     the phase-in limit in subsection (b)(1) of such Act and the 
     maximum guaranteed benefit limitation in subsection (b)(3) of 
     such Act (including the accrued-at-normal limitation).
       (B) Normal benefit guarantee.--The term ``normal benefit 
     guarantee'' means the amount of monthly benefits guaranteed 
     under such section with respect to an eligible participant or 
     beneficiary without regard to this Act.
       (4) Covered plans.--The covered plans specified in this 
     paragraph are the following:
       (A) The Delphi Hourly-Rate Employees Pension Plan.
       (B) The Delphi Retirement Program for Salaried Employees.
       (C) The PHI Non-Bargaining Retirement Plan.
       (D) The ASEC Manufacturing Retirement Program.
       (E) The PHI Bargaining Retirement Plan.
       (F) The Delphi Mechatronic Systems Retirement Program.
       (5) Treatment of pbgc determinations.--Any determination 
     made by the corporation under this section concerning a 
     recalculation of benefits or lump-sum payment of past-due 
     benefits shall be subject to administrative review by the 
     corporation. Any new determination made by the corporation 
     under this section shall be governed by the same 
     administrative review process as any other benefit 
     determination by the corporation.
       (b) Trust Fund for Payment of Increased Benefits.--
       (1) Establishment.--There is established in the Treasury of 
     the United States a trust fund to be known as the ``Delphi 
     Full Vested Plan Benefit Trust Fund'' (hereafter in this 
     subsection referred to as the ``Fund''), consisting of such 
     amounts as may be appropriated or credited to the Fund as 
     provided in this section.
       (2) Funding.--There is appropriated from the general fund 
     such amounts as are necessary for the costs of the payment of 
     the portion of monthly benefits guaranteed to a participant 
     or beneficiary pursuant to subsection (a) and for necessary 
     administrative and operating expenses of the corporation 
     relating to such payment. The Fund shall be credited with 
     amounts from time to time as the Secretary of the Treasury, 
     in conjunction with the Director of the corporation, 
     determines appropriate, from the general fund of the 
     Treasury.
       (3) Expenditures from fund.--Amounts in the Fund shall be 
     available for the payment of the portion of monthly benefits 
     guaranteed to a participant or beneficiary pursuant to 
     subsection (a) and for necessary administrative and operating 
     expenses of the corporation relating to such payment.
       (c) Regulations.--The corporation, in consultation with the 
     Secretary of the Treasury and the Secretary of Labor, may 
     issue such regulations as necessary to carry out this 
     section.
       (d) Tax Treatment of Lump-Sum Payments.--
       (1) In general.--Unless the taxpayer elects (at such time 
     and in such manner as the Secretary may provide) to have this 
     paragraph not apply with respect to any lump-sum payment 
     under subsection (a)(2)(B), the amount of such payment shall 
     be included in the taxpayer's gross income ratably over the 
     3-taxable-year period beginning with the taxable year in 
     which such payment is received.
       (2) Special rules related to death.--
       (A) In general.--If the taxpayer dies before the end of the 
     3-taxable-year period described in paragraph (1), any amount 
     to which paragraph (1) applies which has not been included in 
     gross income for a taxable year ending before the taxable 
     year in which such death occurs shall be included in gross 
     income for such taxable year.
       (B) Special election for surviving spouses of eligible 
     participants.--If--
       (i) a taxpayer with respect to whom paragraph (1) applies 
     dies,
       (ii) such taxpayer is an eligible participant,
       (iii) the surviving spouse of such eligible participant is 
     entitled to a survivor benefit from the corporation with 
     respect to such eligible participant, and
       (iv) such surviving spouse elects (at such time and in such 
     manner as the Secretary may provide) the application of this 
     subparagraph, subparagraph (A) shall not apply and any amount 
     which would have (but for such taxpayer's death) been 
     included in the gross income of such taxpayer under paragraph 
     (1) for any taxable year beginning after the date of such 
     death shall be included in the gross income of such surviving 
     spouse for the taxable year of such surviving spouse ending 
     with or within such taxable year of the taxpayer.

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to clause 2(b) of rule XIX, the 
previous question is ordered on the motion to recommit.
  The question is on the motion to recommit.
  The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced that 
the noes appeared to have it.
  Ms. KAPTUR. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and nays.
  The yeas and nays were ordered.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. This is a 5-minute vote.
  The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 206, 
nays 210, not voting 15, as follows:

                             [Roll No. 30]

                               YEAS--206

     Adams
     Aguilar
     Amo
     Ansari
     Auchincloss
     Balint
     Barragan
     Beatty
     Bell
     Bera
     Beyer
     Bishop
     Bonamici
     Boyle (PA)
     Brown
     Brownley
     Budzinski
     Bynum
     Carbajal
     Carson
     Carter (LA)
     Case
     Casten
     Castro (TX)
     Cherfilus-McCormick
     Chu
     Cisneros
     Clark (MA)
     Clarke (NY)
     Cleaver
     Clyburn
     Cohen
     Conaway
     Correa
     Costa
     Courtney
     Craig
     Crockett
     Crow
     Cuellar
     Davids (KS)
     Davis (IL)
     Davis (NC)
     Dean (PA)
     DeGette
     DeLauro
     DelBene
     Deluzio
     DeSaulnier
     Dexter
     Dingell
     Doggett
     Elfreth
     Escobar
     Espaillat
     Evans (PA)
     Fields
     Figures
     Fletcher
     Foster
     Foushee
     Frankel, Lois
     Friedman
     Frost
     Garamendi
     Garcia (CA)
     Garcia (IL)
     Garcia (TX)
     Gillen
     Golden (ME)
     Goldman (NY)
     Gomez
     Gonzalez, V.
     Goodlander
     Gottheimer
     Gray
     Green, Al (TX)
     Grijalva
     Harder (CA)
     Hayes
     Himes
     Horsford
     Houlahan
     Hoyer
     Hoyle (OR)
     Huffman
     Ivey
     Jackson (IL)
     Jacobs
     Jayapal
     Jeffries
     Johnson (GA)
     Johnson (TX)
     Kamlager-Dove
     Kaptur
     Keating
     Kelly (IL)
     Kennedy (NY)
     Khanna
     Krishnamoorthi
     Landsman
     Larsen (WA)
     Larson (CT)
     Latimer
     Lee (NV)
     Lee (PA)
     Leger Fernandez
     Levin
     Liccardo
     Lieu
     Lofgren
     Lynch
     Magaziner
     Mannion
     Matsui
     McBath
     McBride
     McClain Delaney
     McClellan
     McCollum
     McDonald Rivet
     McGarvey
     McGovern
     McIver
     Meeks
     Menendez
     Meng
     Mfume
     Min
     Moore (WI)
     Morelle
     Morrison
     Mrvan
     Mullin
     Nadler
     Neal
     Neguse
     Ocasio-Cortez
     Olszewski
     Omar
     Pallone
     Panetta
     Pappas
     Pelosi
     Perez
     Peters
     Pettersen
     Pingree
     Pocan
     Pou
     Pressley
     Quigley
     Ramirez
     Randall
     Raskin
     Riley (NY)
     Rivas
     Ross
     Ruiz
     Ryan
     Salinas
     Sanchez
     Scanlon
     Schakowsky
     Schneider
     Scholten
     Schrier
     Scott (VA)
     Scott, David
     Sewell
     Sherman
     Simon
     Smith (WA)
     Sorensen
     Soto
     Stansbury
     Stanton
     Stevens
     Strickland
     Subramanyam
     Suozzi
     Sykes
     Takano
     Thanedar
     Thompson (CA)
     Thompson (MS)
     Titus
     Tlaib
     Tokuda
     Tonko
     Torres (CA)
     Torres (NY)
     Trahan
     Tran
     Underwood
     Vargas
     Vasquez
     Velazquez
     Vindman
     Walkinshaw
     Wasserman Schultz
     Waters
     Watson Coleman
     Whitesides
     Williams (GA)
     Wilson (FL)

                               NAYS--210

     Aderholt
     Alford
     Allen
     Amodei (NV)
     Arrington
     Babin
     Bacon
     Balderson
     Barr
     Barrett
     Baumgartner
     Bean (FL)
     Begich
     Bentz
     Bergman
     Bice
     Biggs (AZ)
     Biggs (SC)
     Bilirakis
     Boebert
     Bost
     Brecheen
     Bresnahan
     Buchanan
     Burchett
     Burlison
     Calvert
     Cammack
     Carey
     Carter (GA)
     Carter (TX)
     Ciscomani
     Cline
     Cloud
     Clyde
     Cole
     Collins
     Comer
     Crane
     Crank
     Crawford
     Crenshaw
     Davidson
     De La Cruz
     DesJarlais
     Diaz-Balart
     Donalds
     Downing
     Dunn (FL)
     Edwards
     Ellzey
     Emmer
     Estes
     Evans (CO)
     Ezell
     Fallon
     Fedorchak
     Feenstra
     Fine
     Finstad
     Fischbach
     Fitzgerald
     Fitzpatrick
     Fleischmann
     Flood
     Fong
     Foxx
     Franklin, Scott
     Fry
     Fulcher
     Garbarino
     Gill (TX)
     Gimenez
     Goldman (TX)
     Gonzales, Tony
     Gooden
     Gosar
     Graves
     Griffith
     Grothman
     Guest
     Guthrie
     Hageman
     Hamadeh (AZ)
     Haridopolos
     Harrigan
     Harris (MD)
     Harris (NC)
     Harshbarger
     Hern (OK)
     Higgins (LA)
     Hill (AR)
     Hinson
     Houchin
     Hudson
     Huizenga

[[Page H907]]


     Hurd (CO)
     Issa
     Jack
     Jackson (TX)
     James
     Johnson (LA)
     Johnson (SD)
     Jordan
     Joyce (OH)
     Joyce (PA)
     Kean
     Kelly (MS)
     Kelly (PA)
     Kennedy (UT)
     Kiggans (VA)
     Kiley (CA)
     Kim
     Knott
     Kustoff
     LaHood
     LaLota
     Langworthy
     Latta
     Lawler
     Lee (FL)
     Letlow
     Loudermilk
     Lucas
     Luna
     Luttrell
     Mackenzie
     Malliotakis
     Maloy
     Mann
     Massie
     Mast
     McCaul
     McClain
     McClintock
     McCormick
     McDowell
     McGuire
     Messmer
     Meuser
     Miller (IL)
     Miller (OH)
     Miller (WV)
     Miller-Meeks
     Mills
     Moolenaar
     Moore (AL)
     Moore (NC)
     Moore (UT)
     Moore (WV)
     Moran
     Moskowitz
     Newhouse
     Nunn (IA)
     Obernolte
     Ogles
     Onder
     Owens
     Palmer
     Patronis
     Perry
     Pfluger
     Reschenthaler
     Rogers (AL)
     Rogers (KY)
     Rose
     Rouzer
     Roy
     Rulli
     Rutherford
     Salazar
     Scalise
     Schmidt
     Schweikert
     Scott, Austin
     Self
     Sessions
     Shreve
     Simpson
     Smith (MO)
     Smith (NE)
     Smith (NJ)
     Smucker
     Spartz
     Stauber
     Stefanik
     Steil
     Strong
     Stutzman
     Taylor
     Tenney
     Thompson (PA)
     Tiffany
     Timmons
     Turner (OH)
     Valadao
     Van Drew
     Van Duyne
     Van Epps
     Wagner
     Walberg
     Weber (TX)
     Webster (FL)
     Westerman
     Wied
     Williams (TX)
     Wilson (SC)
     Wittman
     Yakym
     Zinke

                             NOT VOTING--15

     Baird
     Casar
     Castor (FL)
     Hunt
     Mace
     Moulton
     Murphy
     Nehls
     Norcross
     Norman
     Steube
     Swalwell
     Van Orden
     Veasey
     Womack


                Announcement by the Speaker Pro Tempore

  The SPEAKER pro tempore (during the vote). There are 2 minutes 
remaining.

                              {time}  1036

  So the motion to recommit was rejected.
  The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the passage of the bill.
  The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced that 
the ayes appeared to have it.
  Mr. WALBERG. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and nays.
  The yeas and nays were ordered.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. This is a 5-minute vote.
  The vote was taken by electronic device, and there were--yeas 213, 
nays 205, not voting 13, as follows:

                             [Roll No. 31]

                               YEAS--213

     Aderholt
     Alford
     Allen
     Amodei (NV)
     Arrington
     Babin
     Bacon
     Balderson
     Barr
     Barrett
     Baumgartner
     Bean (FL)
     Begich
     Bentz
     Bergman
     Bice
     Biggs (AZ)
     Biggs (SC)
     Bilirakis
     Boebert
     Bost
     Brecheen
     Bresnahan
     Buchanan
     Burchett
     Burlison
     Calvert
     Cammack
     Carey
     Carson
     Carter (GA)
     Carter (TX)
     Ciscomani
     Cline
     Cloud
     Clyde
     Cole
     Collins
     Comer
     Crane
     Crank
     Crawford
     Crenshaw
     Cuellar
     Davidson
     De La Cruz
     DesJarlais
     Diaz-Balart
     Donalds
     Downing
     Dunn (FL)
     Edwards
     Ellzey
     Emmer
     Estes
     Evans (CO)
     Ezell
     Fallon
     Fedorchak
     Feenstra
     Fine
     Finstad
     Fischbach
     Fitzgerald
     Fitzpatrick
     Fleischmann
     Flood
     Fong
     Foxx
     Franklin, Scott
     Fry
     Fulcher
     Garbarino
     Gill (TX)
     Gimenez
     Goldman (TX)
     Gonzales, Tony
     Gooden
     Gosar
     Graves
     Gray
     Griffith
     Grothman
     Guest
     Guthrie
     Hageman
     Hamadeh (AZ)
     Haridopolos
     Harrigan
     Harris (MD)
     Harris (NC)
     Harshbarger
     Hern (OK)
     Higgins (LA)
     Hill (AR)
     Hinson
     Houchin
     Hudson
     Huizenga
     Hurd (CO)
     Issa
     Jack
     Jackson (TX)
     James
     Johnson (LA)
     Johnson (SD)
     Jordan
     Joyce (OH)
     Joyce (PA)
     Kean
     Kelly (MS)
     Kelly (PA)
     Kennedy (UT)
     Kiggans (VA)
     Kiley (CA)
     Kim
     Knott
     Kustoff
     LaHood
     LaLota
     Langworthy
     Latta
     Lawler
     Lee (FL)
     Letlow
     Loudermilk
     Lucas
     Luna
     Luttrell
     Mackenzie
     Malliotakis
     Maloy
     Mann
     Massie
     Mast
     McCaul
     McClain
     McClintock
     McCormick
     McDowell
     McGuire
     Messmer
     Meuser
     Miller (IL)
     Miller (OH)
     Miller (WV)
     Miller-Meeks
     Mills
     Moolenaar
     Moore (AL)
     Moore (NC)
     Moore (UT)
     Moore (WV)
     Moran
     Newhouse
     Nunn (IA)
     Obernolte
     Ogles
     Onder
     Owens
     Palmer
     Patronis
     Perry
     Pfluger
     Reschenthaler
     Rogers (AL)
     Rogers (KY)
     Rose
     Rouzer
     Roy
     Rulli
     Rutherford
     Salazar
     Scalise
     Schmidt
     Schweikert
     Scott, Austin
     Self
     Sessions
     Shreve
     Simpson
     Smith (MO)
     Smith (NE)
     Smith (NJ)
     Smucker
     Spartz
     Stauber
     Stefanik
     Steil
     Steube
     Strong
     Stutzman
     Taylor
     Tenney
     Thompson (PA)
     Tiffany
     Timmons
     Turner (OH)
     Valadao
     Van Drew
     Van Duyne
     Van Epps
     Wagner
     Walberg
     Weber (TX)
     Webster (FL)
     Westerman
     Wied
     Williams (TX)
     Wilson (SC)
     Wittman
     Yakym
     Zinke

                               NAYS--205

     Adams
     Aguilar
     Amo
     Ansari
     Auchincloss
     Balint
     Barragan
     Beatty
     Bell
     Bera
     Beyer
     Bishop
     Bonamici
     Boyle (PA)
     Brown
     Brownley
     Budzinski
     Bynum
     Carbajal
     Carter (LA)
     Case
     Casten
     Castro (TX)
     Cherfilus-McCormick
     Chu
     Cisneros
     Clark (MA)
     Clarke (NY)
     Cleaver
     Clyburn
     Cohen
     Conaway
     Correa
     Costa
     Courtney
     Craig
     Crockett
     Crow
     Davids (KS)
     Davis (IL)
     Davis (NC)
     Dean (PA)
     DeGette
     DeLauro
     DelBene
     Deluzio
     DeSaulnier
     Dexter
     Dingell
     Doggett
     Elfreth
     Escobar
     Espaillat
     Evans (PA)
     Fields
     Figures
     Fletcher
     Foster
     Foushee
     Frankel, Lois
     Friedman
     Frost
     Garamendi
     Garcia (CA)
     Garcia (IL)
     Garcia (TX)
     Gillen
     Golden (ME)
     Goldman (NY)
     Gomez
     Gonzalez, V.
     Goodlander
     Gottheimer
     Green, Al (TX)
     Grijalva
     Harder (CA)
     Hayes
     Himes
     Horsford
     Houlahan
     Hoyer
     Hoyle (OR)
     Huffman
     Ivey
     Jackson (IL)
     Jacobs
     Jayapal
     Jeffries
     Johnson (GA)
     Johnson (TX)
     Kamlager-Dove
     Kaptur
     Keating
     Kelly (IL)
     Kennedy (NY)
     Khanna
     Krishnamoorthi
     Landsman
     Larsen (WA)
     Larson (CT)
     Latimer
     Lee (NV)
     Lee (PA)
     Leger Fernandez
     Levin
     Liccardo
     Lieu
     Lofgren
     Lynch
     Magaziner
     Mannion
     Matsui
     McBath
     McBride
     McClain Delaney
     McClellan
     McCollum
     McDonald Rivet
     McGarvey
     McGovern
     McIver
     Meeks
     Menendez
     Meng
     Mfume
     Min
     Moore (WI)
     Morelle
     Morrison
     Moskowitz
     Mrvan
     Mullin
     Nadler
     Neal
     Neguse
     Ocasio-Cortez
     Olszewski
     Omar
     Pallone
     Panetta
     Pappas
     Pelosi
     Perez
     Peters
     Pettersen
     Pingree
     Pocan
     Pou
     Pressley
     Quigley
     Ramirez
     Randall
     Raskin
     Riley (NY)
     Rivas
     Ross
     Ruiz
     Ryan
     Salinas
     Sanchez
     Scanlon
     Schakowsky
     Schneider
     Scholten
     Schrier
     Scott (VA)
     Scott, David
     Sewell
     Sherman
     Simon
     Smith (WA)
     Sorensen
     Soto
     Stansbury
     Stanton
     Stevens
     Strickland
     Subramanyam
     Suozzi
     Sykes
     Takano
     Thanedar
     Thompson (CA)
     Thompson (MS)
     Titus
     Tlaib
     Tokuda
     Tonko
     Torres (CA)
     Torres (NY)
     Trahan
     Tran
     Underwood
     Vargas
     Vasquez
     Veasey
     Velazquez
     Vindman
     Walkinshaw
     Wasserman Schultz
     Waters
     Watson Coleman
     Whitesides
     Williams (GA)
     Wilson (FL)

                             NOT VOTING--13

     Baird
     Casar
     Castor (FL)
     Hunt
     Mace
     Moulton
     Murphy
     Nehls
     Norcross
     Norman
     Swalwell
     Van Orden
     Womack

                              {time}  1043

  Mr. MRVAN changed his vote from ``yea'' to ``nay.''
  So the bill was passed.
  The result of the vote was announced as above recorded.
  A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.


                          PERSONAL EXPLANATION

  Mr. WOMACK. Mr. Speaker, I was unavoidably absent and unable to vote. 
Had I been present, I would have voted YEA on Roll Call No. 29, NAY on 
Roll Call No. 30, and YEA on Roll Call No. 31.

                          ____________________