[Congressional Record Volume 171, Number 213 (Wednesday, December 17, 2025)]
[House]
[Pages H5984-H5992]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




 REMOVAL OF THE USE OF UNITED STATES FORCES FOR HOSTILITIES WITHIN OR 
                           AGAINST VENEZUELA

  Mr. MAST. Mr. Speaker, pursuant to the order of the House of December 
16,

[[Page H5985]]

2025, I call up the concurrent resolution (H. Con. Res. 64) to direct 
the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or 
against Venezuela that have not been authorized by Congress, and ask 
for its immediate consideration in the House.
  The Clerk read the title of the concurrent resolution.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to the order of the House of 
December 16, 2025, the concurrent resolution is considered read.
  The text of the concurrent resolution is as follows:

                            H. Con. Res. 64

       Resolved by the House of Representatives (the Senate 
     concurring),

     SEC. 1. REMOVAL OF THE USE OF UNITED STATES FORCES FOR 
                   HOSTILITIES WITHIN OR AGAINST VENEZUELA.

       Pursuant to section 5(c) of the War Powers Resolution (50 
     U.S.C. 1544(c)), Congress hereby directs the President to 
     remove the use of United States Armed Forces from hostilities 
     within or against Venezuela, unless explicitly authorized by 
     a declaration of war or specific statutory authorization for 
     use of military force.

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The concurrent resolution shall be debatable 
for 1 hour, equally divided among and controlled by Representative Mast 
of Florida, Representative Meeks of New York, and Representative 
McGovern of Massachusetts, or their respective designees.
  The gentleman from Florida (Mr. Mast), the gentleman from New York 
(Mr. Meeks), and the gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. McGovern) each 
will control 20 minutes.
  The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Florida.


                             General Leave

  Mr. MAST. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that all Members may 
have 5 legislative days in which to revise and extend their remarks and 
include extraneous material on the resolution under consideration.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the 
gentleman from Florida?
  There was no objection.
  Mr. MAST. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
  Mr. Speaker, this resolution is weak. It is unnecessary. It is 
dangerous. It is also not about oversight. It is not about the 
Constitution. Just like the last resolution, it is about tying the 
President's hands, specifically in Venezuela. It is about telling 
President Trump that he does not have the authority to defend the 
United States of America.
  This resolution is preemptive surrender. As written, it limits the 
President's ability to respond to future threats posed by Venezuela.
  If Russia delivers nukes there, the President cannot respond. If Iran 
delivers a dirty bomb there, the President can't respond. If China 
delivers anthrax or some other biological weapon, like they did with 
COVID-19, but far more deadly, the President can't respond. No matter 
what the threat, the President cannot respond.
  Additionally, this resolution to me doesn't make much sense because 
we are not in hostilities inside Venezuela. The Authorization for Use 
of Military Force process exists in Congress, but Democrats are not 
writing a scope of action for the President to defend the United States 
of America. This resolution is a blanket statement to say to the 
President that he cannot defend the United States of America.

                              {time}  1350

  Mr. Speaker, no matter the threat emanating from Venezuela, you 
cannot defend. You cannot defend me. You cannot defend our country 
against it.
  This resolution is not stopping war. It is not stopping invasion. It 
is not stopping drug running. It is not stopping terrorism. It is not 
stopping the President. It is just stopping the President from acting 
decisively before Americans die. That is what it stops.
  Let's be clear about who we are dealing with. Venezuela is the 
largest and best-funded cartel in the world. We just saw the ranking 
member with Nicolas Maduro. Maduro had his hand around him. He is not a 
legitimate head of state. He is a legitimate narcoterrorist who is 
poisoning Americans.
  All the stuff we talked about in the last debate is Maduro. He is the 
head of a cartel who will abduct somebody, behead somebody, or torture 
somebody to support his political ends.
  Both Republican and Democrat administrations agree that Maduro is an 
illegitimate dictator who rules through repression, fraud, and 
violence. He uses the Venezuelan military to move cocaine into the 
United States. That is not theory. This is a state-run criminal 
enterprise. Venezuela is not a gang. It is a cartel state. It rakes in 
billions, moving more than 250 metric tons of Columbian cocaine through 
their country every year.
  The United States already has bipartisan sanctions on Venezuelan oil. 
President Trump supported them. President Biden kept them. Maduro is 
violating those sanctions. We just caught him doing it again. A ghost 
ship was intercepted, smuggling Venezuelan oil. Maduro admitted the oil 
was his.
  Here is the simple question: How do we enforce sanctions if we are 
not allowed to stop the shipments? The answer is that we cannot. 
Interdicting those Venezuelan oil shipments is not war. It is sanction 
enforcement. It is law and order.
  Given that it is the Venezuelan Government that is the cartel, the 
trafficker, the one moving these ships, that is why it requires the 
military to do so.
  This resolution reads as if Maduro wrote it himself. It gives a 
narcoterrorist dictator a free pass to keep trafficking drugs, funding 
criminal networks, and killing Americans because it appears Democrats 
hate President Trump more than they can love America.
  President Trump has the authority and the obligation to take limited 
and targeted action to protect the United States of America wherever 
those threats emanate from.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. MEEKS. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
  Mr. Speaker, let me just say maybe I can teach the chairman something 
about diplomacy. Maybe he doesn't know anything about diplomacy.
  First, let me talk about the picture he tried to show me. That was a 
bipartisan trip, Democrats and Republicans, working together. It was 
called the Boston Group. We were bringing the opposition and at that 
time the Chavistas together.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Will the gentleman suspend? Unless a Member 
is under recognition, they cannot display exhibits.
  Mr. MEEKS. Mr. Speaker, we were diplomatically working together. We 
were trying to help the people of Venezuela.
  In fact, we can also see how long ago that was. I had all-black hair 
at the time. I think I looked good. I got gray. I had all-black hair 
because that was back in 2002. I was a new Member of Congress, trying 
to work together with diplomacy from the very beginning.
  Mr. Speaker, I didn't come here with prop photos because I am here to 
debate substance. I am here to find out why the President of the United 
States pardoned convicted drug dealers. I have not gotten an answer to 
that yet.
  If we are talking about pictures, I could have come with pictures of 
President Trump with his arm around Kim Jong Un. I could have come with 
pictures of President Trump offering the red carpet to Vladimir Putin. 
I could have come with a whole lot of pictures of President Trump with 
Epstein. I didn't come to play games. My colleague is playing a game on 
the House floor.
  I came because we have serious business here. This is not a game. 
This is about our responsibility as Members of Congress in addressing 
issues that should be before this body. It is about us having a debate 
in committee and holding the administration accountable, as we do any 
President. It is about us being the Representatives of people who elect 
us.
  Mr. Speaker, this is not a game. Diplomacy is not a game. War is not 
a game. There are rules in war. When people violate rules in war, they 
have to be held accountable. When people violate rules in our cities, 
they have to be held accountable.
  The people who are in these positions--law enforcement officers, 
police officers, and the President of the United States--have to be 
held responsible. If we close our eyes on one, our country is not the 
country we have said it is.
  I said earlier on the floor during this debate: My War Powers 
Resolution to end this administration's extrajudicial strikes on boats 
in the Western Hemisphere, those bombs are not about drugs.

[[Page H5986]]

  If the administration did want to stop drugs, Trump would not have 
pardoned the former President of Honduras, Juan Orlando Hernandez, or 
Ross Ulbricht who operated the Silk Road drug marketplace. He wouldn't 
seize an oil tanker off the coast of Venezuela or threaten CIA 
operations, blockades, and strikes on Venezuela.
  This is no joke. This is serious. This is not about drugs. It is 
about regime change. It is about being honest with the people of 
America. That is what the Chief of Staff of the President just did. She 
didn't talk about drugs. She talked about regime change. It is Trump 
himself saying it.
  He said he wanted the oil. He said it was our oil, not Venezuela's 
oil. He said it is our oil and our territory. We are going to take it 
back. That is the tweet of the President. This is no joke. This is no 
game. This is serious business.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. McGOVERN. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
  Mr. Speaker, I never thought I would say this, but I am glad I am not 
on the Foreign Affairs Committee. I thought the Rules Committee was 
tough. Listening to this debate, I would go out of my mind. I couldn't 
follow the chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee.
  I want to correct something. This is not a Democratic resolution. It 
is a bipartisan resolution. Maybe that is something the chairman is not 
familiar with, but this is a bipartisan resolution. Democrats and 
Republicans have sponsored it.
  In this Chamber, I guess we have all become accustomed to debating 
trivial issues passionately and important ones not at all. We spend a 
lot of time renaming post offices and passing bills that do nothing for 
anybody. Maybe the distinguished chairman is not used to doing big 
things.
  Mr. Speaker, I will say that the issue of war is a big deal. It is a 
big deal. It should be a big deal to Democrats. It should be a big deal 
to Republicans.

                              {time}  1400

  It is our constitutional responsibility, and so I am here because I 
am deeply troubled that the President of the United States, in my view, 
is slowly but surely marching us toward open hostilities with 
Venezuela. I don't say that as a Democrat. I say it as an American who 
is worried about this country getting dragged into another potentially 
endless war.
  Mr. Speaker, let me be crystal clear. I mean, that is what we are 
talking about. That is what we are talking about. This is not some 
hypothetical, abstract debate. Donald Trump has already engaged in acts 
that are considered hostile under U.S. law.
  He has threatened to close Venezuelan airspace. He says that he plans 
a naval blockade against the country soon. He has warned that military 
strikes on Venezuela will start ``very soon.''
  Our Constitution provides this body, the United States Congress, with 
the solitary authority to declare war, and the President, despite 
already engaging in hostile actions toward Venezuela, has neither 
requested nor received the authorization for the use of military force 
as required by the War Powers Resolution of 1973.
  Mr. Speaker, American troops take an oath to protect and defend this 
country. It is our duty in Congress to debate and vote before they are 
put into harm's way.
  Right now, by placing U.S. military assets off the coast of 
Venezuela, this administration has them in harm's way right now. That 
is why, in a bipartisan way, we have introduced this resolution. It 
provides the House of Representatives with the simple up-or-down vote. 
It is a simple ``yes'' or ``no.'' Do my colleagues want an unauthorized 
war in Venezuela or not?
  Mr. Speaker, you may want a war in Venezuela. You ought to vote for 
it if you want it, but I do not want any war in Venezuela. I am joined 
on this resolution, again, by Members of Congress across the political 
spectrum, Democrats and Republicans who, like me, are deeply troubled 
by the idea of endless wars and of America spending more of its 
treasure on wars that are not clearly defined, that we have no idea how 
they will end up, at a time when we can't even provide people 
healthcare in this country and where we have homeless veterans.
  I was here in 2002, Mr. Speaker. I voted against the war in Iraq, and 
Americans do not want another Iraq. If we intensify hostilities against 
Venezuela, we have no idea what we are walking into.
  The oversight in this Congress has been almost nonexistent given what 
is going on. Congress has been lied to repeatedly--repeatedly by 
administrations from both parties who want to use our military in ill-
defined and often unwinnable conflicts.
  I remember the Bush administration telling us that the war in Iraq 
would be a cinch. It was clearly not. We spent over a decade at war. We 
lost American lives, civilian lives, and added trillions of dollars to 
our debt at the expense of the basic needs of the American people.
  At least George Bush had the decency to come to Congress for approval 
in 2002. Don't the American people deserve that respect today?
  This is about whether we want to use taxpayer dollars and risk 
American lives on regime change, endless wars, and costly quagmires, or 
whether we want to invest here in our own country and solve our own 
problems.
  For God's sake, we live in a country where we, again, have homeless 
veterans, where we have hungry school kids, where seniors can't afford 
their medication, and families struggle to get by.
  Mr. Speaker, I think it is immoral. It is not just a strategic 
failure but a moral failure that we have a President beating the drums 
of war without so much as a vote in the House of Representatives. This 
is not America first.
  Mr. Speaker, I know that some of my colleagues may say that war is 
justified. I can't for the life of me figure out that logic, but I went 
to the classified briefing that the administration organized yesterday. 
I went to other classified briefings.
  I heard no justification that there was some imminent military threat 
from Venezuela, nothing that would justify the hostilities that the 
President is engaged in right now in building up troops.
  To those who want to go to war and say that this is about drugs and 
cartels, let me just say that this administration's own Drug 
Enforcement Administration reports that fentanyl is overwhelmingly 
produced in other countries using chemicals that come from elsewhere in 
the world. Venezuela isn't listed as a fentanyl source or transit 
country in any edition of the National Drug Threat Assessment.
  More fentanyl comes from China and Mexico than Venezuela. Maybe the 
chairman wants to go to war with China and Mexico.
  By the way, as is pointed out, Donald Trump pardoned the ex-President 
of Honduras who was found guilty of drug trafficking. The chairman said 
nothing about that.
  Over 3,667 people in Florida died from fentanyl, and the President of 
the United States pardoned one of the people who was primarily 
responsible for getting fentanyl into our country. He also pardoned the 
dark web guy who smuggled fentanyl in from China. Not a word. No 
oversight. Who cares because they don't want to say anything about 
Donald. He is the pardoner in chief. If you want to stop drugs from 
coming in, start by not pardoning drug dealers.
  Those who want to go to war also point out that Nicolas Maduro is a 
tyrant. I agree that he is a tyrant. He violates the human rights of 
his own people. He has unlawfully detained Americans and Venezuelans as 
political prisoners. He is a violent, vicious, brutal dictator. Guess 
what, Mr. Speaker. Sadly, the globe is full of violent, vicious 
tyrants--in China, Russia, and North Korea. Do you want to go to war 
with all of them?
  For God's sake, we sell weapons to Saudi Arabia, the UAE, and Egypt, 
countries that have awful human rights violations. I hate Maduro, and I 
condemn him all the time. While we should have a discussion about how 
to help the people of Venezuela, the answer is not going to war.

  Congress should have the guts to at least debate this issue and vote 
on it and not just cede all of this power to the administration.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. MAST. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
  Mr. Speaker, this is serious. It is not a joke. It is not just about 
pictures, but pictures tell a thousand words.

[[Page H5987]]

  You came here to prevent the President from defending the United 
States of America, plain and simple. There have been deaths in Florida. 
There have been deaths in Representative McGovern's district: 262 
overdoses in the last year, people beaten by MS-13, strangled by MS-13, 
stabbed 32 times by MS-13. The list goes on.
  That is what the President is trying to defend from happening in the 
United States of America. That is as serious as it gets, and it 
absolutely matters that Nicolas Maduro has his arm around the authors 
of this legislation that would prevent the President from defending 
against that country, their cartels, their terrorists, and the drugs 
coming through that country. What the President is doing in the Gulf is 
protecting the homeland of the United States of America, protecting the 
homeland.
  I would give this last comment to the gentleman from Massachusetts 
(Mr. McGovern): I never saw the things that I did as big or small. 
Risking my life for my country, I simply saw as my duty.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Texas (Mr. 
Self), the chair of the Europe Subcommittee.
  Mr. SELF. Mr. Speaker, I thank the chairman for yielding to me.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong opposition to this resolution, which is 
not necessary, as it removes our Armed Forces from hostilities against 
a country where there have been no hostilities. The War Powers Act has 
no legal bearing on actions that could happen in the future. Yet that 
is exactly what this concurrent resolution attempts to do.
  To date, there are no confirmed U.S. servicemembers engaged in combat 
with Venezuela.
  While I could end it there, since Democrats are turning a blind eye 
to the killing of Americans by illicit drugs from Venezuela, I also 
highlight that Venezuela has become a strategic outpost for China, 
Russia, and Iran, not to mention criminal and terrorist organizations.
  Just yesterday, at a Europe Subcommittee hearing, I made the point 
that China and Russia are engaged in hybrid war against the United 
States today.
  Not only has Maduro's regime purchased Iranian-armed drones, but they 
have also allowed Iran to establish production facilities for its 
military drones within their borders.
  Terrorist organizations like Hezbollah use Caracas as a base to 
operate their criminal terror organizations in South America, 
generating revenue through narcotrafficking.
  Russia, a longtime ally of the regime, still provides Venezuela with 
military aid while also facing the challenges of waging war in Ukraine. 
In fact, Venezuela opened a factory last summer to manufacture Russian 
Kalashnikov rifle munitions.

                              {time}  1410

  China, Russia, Iran, and Cuba use the country as a platform for 
intelligence operations in asymmetric warfare.
  Instead of considering this resolution, which carries little or no 
consequences for hostilities that do not exist, this Chamber should 
focus on supporting the President's efforts to deter the growing 
national security threat from Venezuela.
  Hundreds of Americans die each day due to illegal drugs. Rather than 
Democrats making it their life's mission to destroy Donald Trump, 
America would be better served by Members of this Chamber if we helped 
him prevent the flow of illicit drugs that are killing our citizens.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of the gentleman has expired.
  Mr. MAST. Mr. Speaker, I yield an additional 30 seconds to the 
gentleman from Texas.
  Mr. SELF. Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to oppose this 
resolution.
  Mr. MEEKS. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
  Mr. Speaker, I am not going to get into these back-and-forths. I have 
been waiting for an answer because this is serious business. The 
American people want an answer that they can't quite get yet. I can't 
get anybody at a hearing from the administration to answer the 
question. I can't even get anybody from the administration, when I saw 
some yesterday, to answer the question. I have been waiting here. The 
American people want to know why a President of the United States would 
pardon two drug dealers. They are not just accused. They are convicted 
and in jail. They were, but not anymore. They are free men now.
  I have been waiting for an answer. I am not playing jokes. This is 
very serious. I am asking everybody, all of my Republican colleagues, 
anybody who speaks, anybody, just answer the question. We are on C-
SPAN. Here is an opportunity to tell the American people why the 
President of the United States, for whom you say this is about drugs, 
would let go of two major convicted drug dealers, not small guys, but 
major. I just don't know why kingpins can get away with doing and 
pedaling drugs in the United States, but a peon in the operation must 
die.
  Even if you survived a strike and are holding on for dear life--you 
have no weapons, no phone, no anything--you are still an imminent 
danger, so they say, to the United States.
  We have pictures that will show whether or not they were a threat to 
the United States while holding onto that boat. The administration has 
decided they can show all the others, but the American people cannot 
see that.
  I have been waiting for an answer. The American people want an 
answer. I will wait.
  Nothing.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from New York (Ms. 
Velazquez), the ranking member of the Committee on Small Business.
  Ms. VELAZQUEZ. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of this War Powers Resolution.
  Twenty-three years ago, I stood on this same floor as Congress 
debated an Authorization for Use of Military Force in Iraq.
  The Bush administration relied on bad intelligence and outright lies 
to march America into a disastrous foreign intervention that cost 
trillions of dollars, took thousands of American lives, and helped 
destabilize the region for a generation.
  Today, I fear we are watching history repeat itself. Once again, a 
far-right administration is using the same playbook. The justification 
this administration has provided to Congress and the American people is 
a joke.
  If this were about drugs, why seize an oil tanker and threaten an 
illegal Navy blockade? If this were about drugs, why would the 
President pardon a drug-trafficking former President of Honduras?
  This is not about drugs. This is about regime change and control of 
Venezuela's resources.
  Nicolas Maduro is a dictator, and you don't have to defend him to 
recognize a simple truth: Venezuela does not pose an imminent threat, 
and a war will do nothing to make America safer.
  We are sleepwalking into another disastrous foreign war, and Congress 
must wake up and stop this before it is too late.
  Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to support this resolution.
  Mr. McGOVERN. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself 1\1/2\ minutes.
  Mr. Speaker, I include in the Record an article from The Washington 
Post titled: ``Trump pardons major drug traffickers despite his anti-
drug rhetoric.''

                [From The Washington Post, Dec. 8, 2025]

  Trump Pardons Major Drug Traffickers Despite His Anti-Drug Rhetoric

                 (By Meryl Kornfield and Emily Davies)

       On President Donald Trump's first full day in office this 
     year, he pardoned Silk Road founder Ross Ulbricht, who was 
     convicted of creating the largest online black market for 
     illegal drugs and other illicit goods of its time.
       In the months since, he has granted clemency to others, 
     including Chicago gang leader Larry Hoover and Baltimore drug 
     kingpin Garnett Gilbert Smith. And last week, he pardoned 
     former Honduran president Juan Orlando Hernandez, who had 
     been sentenced to 45 years in prison for running his country 
     as a vast ``narco-state'' that helped to move at least 400 
     tons of cocaine into the United States.
       Overall, Trump--who campaigned against America's worsening 
     drug crisis and promised to crack down on the illegal flow of 
     deadly drugs coming across the border--has pardoned or 
     granted clemency to at least 10 people for drug-related 
     crimes since the beginning of his second term, according to a 
     Washington Post analysis. He also granted pardons or 
     commutations to almost 90 others for drug-related crimes 
     during the four years of his first term, the analysis showed.
       At the same time, Trump has threatened military action 
     against Venezuela over accusations that the country's 
     government is

[[Page H5988]]

     supporting the drug trade and has pushed the Pentagon to 
     conduct targeted strikes on boats suspected of smuggling 
     drugs in the Caribbean. The contrasting actions have come 
     under fire from Democrats and other critics, who say Trump's 
     broad use of clemency contradicts promises to get tough on 
     drugs.
       ``President Trump is claiming to be taking action to stop 
     the flow of narcotics into the United States,'' Sen. Tim 
     Kaine (D-Virginia) said on the Senate floor Tuesday, 
     describing the crimes of Ulbricht and Hernandez. ``. . . How 
     does this protect Americans from the flow of narcotics 
     entering our country?''
       Asked about the contrast, White House press secretary 
     Karoline Leavitt said the pardon of the Honduran president 
     doesn't make it difficult to defend the administration's 
     lethal strikes on suspected drug traffickers.
       ``I think that President Trump has been quite clear, in his 
     defense of the United States homeland, to stop these illegal 
     narcotics from coming to our borders, whether that's by land 
     or by sea, and he's also made it quite clear that he wants to 
     correct the wrongs of the weaponized Justice Department under 
     the previous administration,'' she told reporters last 
     Monday.
       Asked about Trump's spate of drug-related pardons and 
     commutations, White House spokeswoman Abigail Jackson told 
     The Post that Trump had exercised his constitutional 
     authority, and she attacked former president Joe Biden.
       ``The only pardons anyone should be critical of are from 
     President Autopen, who pardoned and commuted sentences of 
     violent criminals including child killers and mass 
     murderers--and that's not to mention the proactive pardons he 
     `signed' for his family members like Hunter on his way out 
     the door,'' Jackson said.
       Trump and his aides have baselessly claimed that Biden's 
     staffers routinely used an autopen to sign pardons and other 
     documents without his knowledge.
       Trump has wielded one of the greatest powers of the 
     presidency, clemency, far more this year than he did in his 
     first term. He has pardoned almost all of the approximately 
     1,500 Jan. 6, 2021, U.S. Capitol attack defendants. He also 
     has pardoned about a dozen members of Congress, mostly 
     Republicans, including most recently Rep. Henry Cuellar (D-
     Texas), who was charged last year with bribery, money 
     laundering and conspiracy.
       By comparison, Trump granted clemency to more than 230 
     people in his first term, just two of those in his first 
     year.
       The pardon frenzy has given rise to a lucrative cottage 
     industry, The Post previously reported. Public disclosures 
     show that lobbyists have spent more than $2.1 million this 
     year on firms that advocate for pardons, clemency and other 
     forms of executive relief--more than double the total spent 
     in 2024. The records also show that individuals seeking 
     pardons have paid up to $1 million to hire people close to 
     the president to plead their case.
       Experts say the administration's efforts to strike boats 
     near Venezuela have not proved effective in limiting the flow 
     of drugs entering the country because the passage is not 
     ordinarily used to traffic drugs to the United States. Drugs 
     containing fentanyl, which have contributed to most recent 
     drug deaths, are typically manufactured in Mexico and 
     smuggled into the U.S. across the land border. The 
     administration has not provided detailed evidence that the 
     boats they have sunk had drugs on board and were heading for 
     the United States.
       The administration has claimed that the strikes are an 
     effective deterrent for other drug traffickers. Defense 
     Secretary Pete Hegseth told reporters last week that they 
     paused the strikes ``because it's hard to find boats to 
     strike right now, which is the entire point, right? 
     Deterrence has to matter.'' However, experts say there is no 
     available evidence to support the theory that trafficking is 
     down.
       ``Drug trafficking is like water,'' said Regina LaBelle, a 
     Georgetown University drug policy professor and former acting 
     director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy. 
     ``It's going to find a way to get in.''
       Critics of the war on drugs have also long asserted that 
     the government has insufficiently addressed the root cause of 
     deaths in the U.S.: addiction. Advocates have urged the 
     government to invest more in overdose prevention measures, 
     such as naloxone and treatment options.
       The rate of overdose deaths has been on the rise for 
     decades, fueled by fentanyl since around 2015, until the end 
     of Biden's term, when the rate declined.

  Mr. McGOVERN. Mr. Speaker, I don't want to be lectured by the 
distinguished chairman of the Committee on Foreign Affairs because, as 
I mentioned, in Florida, 3,667 people have died from fentanyl.
  This President has pardoned drug dealer after drug dealer, and there 
has not been a peep from my friends on the other side of the aisle, who 
are now talking about the issue of drugs in the United States, not a 
peep. I don't know how you explain that to the families of those who 
lost their lives, number one.
  Number two, the chairman made a big deal about pictures, that if you 
are in a picture with somebody and you touch them, that somehow you are 
affiliated with them.
  Here is a picture of Donald Trump and Vladimir Putin with a nice 
handshake. Does that say that Trump is somehow Vladimir Putin's friend? 
Here is Trump with Kim Jong-un, giving him a nice hug, another dictator 
that Trump seems to be enamored with. I don't even know what the hell 
that proves, but the chairman of the Committee on Foreign Affairs seems 
to think that photos are a big deal.
  Let me read our resolution to you. It says: ``Pursuant to section 
5(c) of the War Powers Resolution (50 U.S.C. 1544(c)), Congress hereby 
directs the President to remove the use of United States Armed Forces 
from hostilities within or against Venezuela, unless explicitly 
authorized by a declaration of war or specific statutory authorization 
for use of military force.''
  That is it. I can't even believe this is controversial. I can't even 
believe that my friends on the other side of the aisle have a problem 
with this. This is the most basic stuff.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from Kentucky (Mr. 
Massie).
  Mr. MASSIE. Mr. Speaker, James Madison warned us that: ``In no part 
of the Constitution is more wisdom to be found than in the clause which 
confides the question of war or peace to the legislature, and not to 
the executive.'' Madison called it the crown jewel of Congress.
  The Framers understood a simple truth: To the extent that warmaking 
power devolves to one person, liberty dissolves.
  If the President believes military action against Venezuela is 
justified and needed, he should make the case, and Congress should vote 
before American lives and treasure are spent on regime change in South 
America.
  Let's be honest about likely outcomes. Do we truly believe that 
Nicolas Maduro will be replaced by a modern-day George Washington? How 
did that work out in Cuba, Libya, Iraq, or Syria?
  Previous Presidents told us to go to war over WMDs, weapons of mass 
destruction, that did not exist. Now, it is the same playbook, except 
we are told that drugs are the WMDs.
  If it were about drugs, we would bomb Mexico, China, or Colombia, and 
the President would not have pardoned Juan Orlando Hernandez. This is 
about oil and regime change.

                              {time}  1420

  When it comes to regime change, we have already been down this road 
with Venezuela with nothing to show for it. In 2019, we recognized Juan 
Guaido. We seized their embassy here in D.C. We were told that regime 
change was imminent. Years later, Maduro remains in power.
  Today, we are told to place our hopes in other exiled figures: 
Edmundo Gonzalez and Maria Corina Machado. I wish them well. I do. But 
Congress should not express moral sympathy in the form of a blank check 
for military escalation and American lives.
  Let's take a moment to acknowledge the contradiction at the heart of 
this policy. This administration tells us that the Maduro regime is 
made up of narcoterrorists. By escalating toward war, we would 
predictably create countless refugees. At the same time, this 
administration has moved to end temporary protected status for hundreds 
of thousands of Venezuelans and deports them back to the very regime it 
condemns. So which is it?
  Are we prepared to receive swarms of the 25 million Venezuelans who 
will likely become refugees and lose billions in American treasure that 
will be used to destroy and inevitably rebuild that nation? Do we want 
a miniature Afghanistan in the Western Hemisphere?
  If that cost is acceptable to this Congress, then we should vote on 
it, as a voice of the people, and in accordance with our Constitution.
  Yet today, we aren't even voting on whether to declare war or 
authorize the use of military force. All we are voting on is a war 
powers resolution that strengthens the fabric of our Republic by 
reasserting the plain and simple language in the Constitution that 
Congress must decide questions of war.
  Mr. Speaker, I urge support for this resolution.
  Mr. MAST. Mr. Speaker, I will give a lecture anyway to the Speaker in 
reference to what Mr. McGovern said.

[[Page H5989]]

  I shake a lot of people's hands that I don't like. I definitely don't 
let them put their arm around me. There is a big difference. People 
with common sense recognize that. I wouldn't speak for him, but I 
suspect he would live life in the same way.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from Arkansas (Mr. 
Crawford), the chair of the House Permanent Select Committee on 
Intelligence.
  Mr. CRAWFORD. Mr. Speaker, I thank the chairman for his leadership on 
this initiative. I am glad somebody is showing some leadership here 
today.
  I rise in opposition to the removal of the use of United States Armed 
Forces for hostilities within or against Venezuela, or the support for 
drug dictators act.
  The United States is using a proportional force to apply pressure on 
narcoterrorists who are colluding with the illegitimate leader of 
Venezuela, Nicholas Maduro. They have already acknowledged that.
  The use of military pressure, which matches pressure that the U.S. 
has used in the global fight on terrorism, is a proper extension of the 
use of force in the Western Hemisphere where narcoterrorists operating 
through and with Venezuela are creating instability and poisoning 
Americans in droves.
  The use of measured military power is the logical step to attempt to 
stop narcotics terrorists from supporting Maduro.
  The United States has imposed individual, financial, and sectoral 
sanctions on the Venezuelan Government as well as sanctions on the 
Maduro government and its supporters. This proposed resolution would 
disable the very effective tool that has been used to keep pressure on 
terrorist forces who have a Venezuelan nexus and are planning, 
plotting, and carrying out attacks against the U.S. and our interests.
  The strikes on narcoterrorist cartel assets have been precise and 
limited. Military action of this nature does not require congressional 
authorization. Under Article II of the Constitution, the President has 
the authority--and I would say the responsibility--to protect the 
United States and American citizens from attack. Moreover, U.S. troops 
have not been put into harm's way.
  Admittedly, it shocks me that we need to remind my colleagues on the 
other side of the aisle what we are fighting for here. The most recent 
CDC data shockingly reports that more than 82,000 drug overdose deaths 
have occurred during the 12-month period ending in January 2025. If 
ISIS or al-Qaida had contributed to the killing of that many Americans 
in a single year, our leaders would be rightfully assailed for failing 
to respond.
  Now that President Trump is taking the fight to the terrorists who 
have actually contributed to our Nation's drug overdose epidemic, he is 
met with criticism rather than the praise that he and his 
administration deserve.
  I guarantee you that family and friends don't distinguish between the 
branch of terrorism that led to the death of their loved ones. They 
just want them defeated.
  For too long, these cartels have poisoned the American people, 
destabilized and corrupted our neighbors, and tortured and killed 
thousands of innocents throughout our hemisphere.
  I have traveled extensively across the Western Hemisphere and met 
with many of our neighbors' leaders and their forces who are also 
engaged in the fight against these cartels, and these terrorist 
organizations are some of the most vile and evil in the world.
  To bar the President from using military force consistent with other 
counterterrorism activities, simply due to a Venezuelan nexus, is not 
supportable and is antithetical to his duty to protect our Nation from 
foreign terrorism threats.
  This resolution would prevent the application of the use of force 
against the very narcotics terrorists cooperating with Venezuela.
  How in the world is that consistent with the primary duty of the 
government to protect our Nation and its citizens?
  I strongly recommend that my colleagues vote against this misguided 
resolution.
  Mr. MEEKS. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.

  Let me just say this real quick, because the chairman keeps going on 
about these pictures. I am not going to keep belaboring, but I do 
remember something, if you want to talk about it now.
  I think that we know that Kim Jong-un, who he is, et cetera. I have a 
quote, if you really want to talk about relationships, Mr. Chairman, 
that you can get directly from the President of the United States. When 
he was talking about Kim Jong-un, here is what he said: ``We fell in 
love, okay? No, really. He wrote me beautiful letters, and they're 
great letters.'' We are in love.
  That is Kim Jong-un. You can also talk about him and Xi, where 
fentanyl is coming into the United States. Those are real 
relationships.
  Any time you are ready to answer the question about why somebody, the 
President of the United States, would pardon kingpins in the drug 
trade, I will get an answer. I have been waiting. I have been asking 
everybody. Not only the chairman but any Republican that wants to make 
a statement, if they could just explain to the American people. They 
don't have to explain it to me. Explain it to the American people. Just 
give me some explanation of why the President of the United States 
would pardon convicted drug traffickers.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Maryland (Mr. 
Raskin), the ranking member of the Judiciary Committee.
  Mr. RASKIN. Mr. Speaker, why did the Framers vest the power to 
declare war in Congress alone? It was because the kings were constantly 
plunging their entire nations into wars of vanity, of conceit, of 
caprice, of mere whimsy.
  They didn't trust one man to be able to take the entire country to 
war. They wanted that question proposed in the representatives of the 
people because it is our sons and daughters who will go fight, and it 
is the whole country's treasure that will be put at risk.
  Now, Donald Trump, buffeted by dozens of election losses all across 
the country from Virginia to New York to New Jersey to California to 
Mississippi and Georgia, sinking in the polls like a stone because of 
his catastrophic unconstitutional tariffs and his complete destruction 
of the healthcare system of the country, now wants to turn the 
metaphorical war on drugs into an actual, physical war on drugs.
  Well, Donald Trump's real interests in supporting dictators and big-
time drug dealers were made clear with a series of Presidential pardons 
of major drug dealers, including the former President of Honduras, Juan 
Orlando Hernandez. The guy was sentenced to 45 years in prison for 
bringing 40 tons--I am sorry--400 tons of cocaine into the country. 
Eight hundred thousand pounds of cocaine he brought into our country, 
and President Hernandez says: I am going to stuff the cocaine up the 
noses of the gringos.
  President Trump pardoned him without any explanation. We eagerly 
await an explanation from someone on that side because they have blown 
up 26 vessels on the high seas which have at most, if each one has 2 
tons of cocaine in it, 52 tons, and he pardoned this guy who brought in 
800,000 pounds of cocaine to stuff up the noses of the gringos.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of the gentleman has expired.
  Mr. MEEKS. Mr. Speaker, I yield an additional 30 seconds to the 
gentleman from Maryland.
  Mr. RASKIN. Mr. Speaker, I urgently commend to our colleagues across 
the aisle the speech that President Lincoln, the founder of their 
party, made about the Mexican-American War. He stood in this Chamber 
and said: On something as important and as grave as going to war, we 
want to know exactly what the rationale is, exactly why we are doing 
it.
  He got the nickname Spotty because he said he wanted to know the 
exact spot where American blood was shed.
  Well, there is a real accounting to be done in terms of what is the 
factual predicate for this war that Donald Trump wants.

                              {time}  1430

  Mr. McGOVERN. Mr. Speaker, the chairman of the Foreign Affairs 
Committee has said some strange things today about how you interpret 
photographs if the people are shaking hands

[[Page H5990]]

or whatever, but, somehow, if your arm is around somebody that means 
that you are dear friends.
  I am just looking at this photo of Donald Trump with his arm around 
Jeffrey Epstein. By the gentleman's standards, they must be in love.
  This debate is not about the gentleman's personal weird code on 
touching. This is about war, and that is what we are here to talk 
about. Quite frankly, it deserves a more serious treatment from the 
chairman of the Foreign Affairs Committee.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from Texas (Mr. 
Castro), who is one of the cosponsors of this resolution.
  Mr. CASTRO of Texas. Mr. Speaker, we are at war with Venezuela. Last 
night, the President declared a naval blockade of Venezuela. This is an 
act of war.
  The President has said that strikes on land are imminent. He is 
dragging us into a war that the American people do not want and that 
the Congress did not authorize.
  Mr. Speaker, Americans are asking: Why?
  Is it about the drugs?
  It can't be about the drugs because he just pardoned one of the 
largest drug traffickers in U.S. history.
  Is it about fentanyl?
  Venezuela doesn't traffic fentanyl.
  One can't say that it is because Nicholas Maduro is a dictator. He 
certainly is a dictator, and the Venezuelan people deserve better, but 
so is Mohammed bin Salman, who is a leader the President praises all 
the time.
  Mr. Speaker, you can't say that it is about communism, because China 
is one of our largest trading partners.
  So what is this war about?
  It is about regime change, power, graft, oil, and land. Yesterday, 
the President told us he wants to seize the oil and the land. The 
President has no plans to address rising grocery prices, healthcare 
prices, childcare prices, and rent that is going up. Instead of 
attacking Venezuela, he should be attacking those high prices.
  These are issues that Americans want us to focus on, but, instead, he 
is sending American servicemembers into an illegal war.
  We have been down this path before. The vote to authorize the Iraq 
war came to define the legacy of every Member of the 107th Congress. 
That vote came to haunt many.
  Your vote today will be part of your legacy. It will be part of how 
your service in the House of Representatives will be defined.
  I urge you to vote ``yes'' on this bipartisan resolution.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Meuser). Members are reminded to direct 
their comments to the Chair.
  Mr. McGOVERN. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. MAST. Mr. Speaker, for every one of my colleagues on the other 
side, it is about drugs. It is about the drugs being prevented from 
going into their community, like Representative Castro's, who had 101 
people die last year from overdose and somebody murdered by Tren de 
Aragua on June 16, 2024. It is absolutely about preventing those 
things. It is about preventing those things, and they are going to 
allow it in.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from Georgia (Mr. 
McCormick).
  Mr. McCORMICK. Mr. Speaker, I am in strong opposition to this 
resolution because the issue before us is not one of Presidential 
authority. It is whether Congress should undermine the President's 
ability to deter threats and protect the United States' interests in 
our own hemisphere.
  History shows that time after time, Mr. Speaker, if you signal 
weakness, it emboldens your adversaries. A resolution that publicly 
constrains the Commander in Chief does not promote peace. What it does 
is it telegraphs weakness to a hostile regime like Venezuela and 
encourages them to test U.S. resolve.
  This is not a distant theater. This is our hemisphere. Supporting the 
President's authority is not a blank check for war. It is a 
recommendation that timely, flexible military posturing is what 
prevents war, and in this case protects Americans against the most 
lethal attack ever on the American people and the population where we 
have lost over 250 people per day for the last 3 years.
  This is not the time to act in opposition to the Commander in Chief 
and to oppose him from the most important obligation he has: protect 
the American public. That is why I oppose this.
  Mr. MEEKS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from 
California (Mr. Takano), who is the ranking member of the Veterans' 
Affairs Committee.
  Mr. TAKANO. Mr. Speaker, no President, Democrat or Republican, can 
declare war without Congress. Congress is the branch of government 
vested with this solemn responsibility.
  President Trump has not requested or received any authorization for 
the use of military force against Venezuela. Yet he continues to 
escalate the situation by striking speedboats, seizing oil tankers, and 
establishing blockades, which is an act of war.
  Congress must be consulted. The President is either trying to 
distract Americans from the fact that millions of people are going to 
lose their healthcare, or he believes that he is a king unbound by our 
laws, unbound by international law, and unbound by our Constitution.
  We cannot allow him to unilaterally declare war. Congress must be 
consulted.
  Vote ``yes'' on this resolution.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Members are reminded, again, to refrain from 
engaging in personalities toward the President.
  Mr. McGOVERN. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from 
Illinois (Mrs. Ramirez).

  Mrs. RAMIREZ. Mr. Speaker, from the start of the Trump 
administration, this Republican-led Congress has willingly given up our 
powers and authority: our power of the purse, our oversight authority, 
our legislative authority, and now, our war powers.
  Members of this body have surrendered their ability to check the 
executive and have failed to stand up for democracy and the American 
people.
  I say: Enough is enough. Congress must start acting as a coequal 
branch of government. Trump and his administration, while waging a war 
in our cities, are committing war crimes in the Caribbean.
  While Trump lies to us about how they are going after 
narcotraffickers, he is pardoning convicted narcotraffickers who are 
probably responsible for many of the overdoses we have seen around the 
country.
  The hypocrisy is suffocating. The administration is lying, 
consolidating power, and committing war crimes in order to control, to 
dominate, and to seize Venezuelan oil and pursue regime change for 
their imperialistic agenda in the Western Hemisphere. They do this all 
so they can extract resources, they can expand their wealth, and they 
can make sure that one day, should they lose their hold on power, which 
they will, they can be pardoned for their corruption.
  It seems like Republicans love Trump and protecting pedophiles more 
than they love America and children. It is shameful, and it is pitiful. 
It is filthy, and we have to put an end to it.
  Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to vote ``yes'' on this resolution. 
Let's take back the power and authority that rightfully belongs to 
Congress and put an end to the lawlessness that makes us all less safe.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Members are reminded, once again, to refrain 
from engaging in personalities toward the President.
  Mr. McGOVERN. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. MAST. Mr. Speaker, may I inquire as to how much time I have 
remaining.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gentleman from Florida has 7 minutes 
remaining. The gentleman from Massachusetts has 3 minutes remaining. 
The gentleman from New York has 4 minutes remaining.

                              {time}  1440

  Mr. MAST. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1\1/2\ minutes to the gentlewoman from 
South Carolina (Mrs. Biggs).
  Mrs. BIGGS of South Carolina. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in strong 
opposition to the resolution which seeks to limit the constitutional 
authority of the President under Article II and micromanage the 
Commander in Chief during a national security crisis.
  While our Nation's first priority must always be the pursuit of peace

[[Page H5991]]

over conflict, we cannot remain idle when an indicted drug trafficker 
weaponizes narcoterrorists to assault our sovereignty. Peace is 
maintained through strength, and it would be both unconstitutional and 
irresponsible to tie the hands of the President, who is protecting the 
American people from drug cartels and terrorist tactics.
  Decades of executive branch precedent, affirmed by both parties, 
establish that restricted engagements involving no ground troops and 
limited operations do not require congressional authorization.
  The President's targeted strikes on narcoterrorist vessels have been 
precise and targeted and have not put U.S. troops in harm's way.
  Passage of this resolution would set catastrophic precedent. It would 
define any defensive use of force as an act of war, effectively 
stripping the Commander in Chief of his constitutional mandate to 
respond to foreign threats and to secure our borders against a criminal 
regime.
  Mr. Speaker, the War Powers Resolution was never intended to be a 
tool for the legislative branch to conduct tactical oversight of 
military operations.
  We have one Commander in Chief for a reason. Which side are we on: 
keeping Americans safe or protecting narcoterrorists? I urge my 
colleagues to vote ``no.''
  Mr. MEEKS. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. McGOVERN. Mr. Speaker, does the gentleman from Florida have 
additional speakers? I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. MAST. Mr. Speaker, I have three more speakers.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Florida (Mr. 
Gimenez).
  Mr. GIMENEZ. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in strong opposition to this 
resolution.
  This resolution would prohibit the use of United States Armed Forces 
off the coast of Venezuela without regard for the real and growing 
threats posed by the foreign terrorist Maduro regime.
  Let's be clear-eyed about the danger that we face. The Maduro regime 
is a designated foreign terrorist organization, a narcoterrorist state 
that collaborates with other foreign terrorist organizations and 
violent cartels to flood our hemisphere and our communities with deadly 
poison.
  Venezuela has been taken over. The Venezuelan people are held hostage 
by a foreign terrorist regime that uses their land as an operating base 
for international drug trafficking, fueling a crisis that has cost 
nearly 400,000 Americans their lives since 2021.
  This resolution would have us pull back from the fight against 
designated terrorist regimes and cartels in our own hemisphere, just 
miles from our shores. It tells the foreign terrorist regime in 
Venezuela and its criminal allies that Congress is willing to look the 
other way as hundreds of thousands of Americans continue to die every 
single year.
  We must reject this resolution and send a clear message: The United 
States will confront narcoterrorist regimes in our hemisphere, stand 
with the Venezuelan people, and never surrender to terrorist regimes 
that threaten our security. Too many Americans have already paid with 
their lives because this threat was ignored.
  For the sake of our national security, our communities, and the men 
and women in uniform who stand the line every day, I urge a ``no'' vote 
on this resolution. I thank my colleague for yielding me the time.
  Mr. MEEKS. Mr. Speaker, I yield 30 seconds to the gentleman from 
Illinois (Mr. Krishnamoorthi).
  Mr. KRISHNAMOORTHI. Mr. Speaker, the purpose of the War Powers Act 
was to prevent secret wars from happening after Vietnam. The reason why 
we have this is so that the administration is accountable to the 
people. No war should be declared and no war should be prosecuted in 
the name of the American people without their consent.
  If the President wishes to go to war, he must come to the people, 
explain his rationale, and get their consent. He is not doing that now. 
When he doesn't do that, bad things happen. Bad things are happening 
today.
  Mr. McGOVERN. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. MAST. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1\1/2\ minutes to the gentleman from 
California (Mr. McClintock).
  Mr. McCLINTOCK. Mr. Speaker, the gentleman is absolutely right, the 
Constitution is crystal clear that only Congress can start a war. 
However, in their deliberations on this subject, the Founders also made 
clear that they were leaving the President certain limited inherent 
power to react to an attack. For example, he can order up defensive 
measures or hot pursuit of an enemy or retaliatory strikes. That is the 
distinction they debated when they substituted ``declare war'' instead 
of ``make war'' among Congress' enumerated powers.
  The supporters of this resolution are correct. Congress has to 
initiate hostilities, but neither of these resolutions are applicable 
to current events. H. Con. Res. 64 orders the President to remove 
forces from Venezuela that are not in Venezuela. Until and unless they 
are, this is at best an empty partisan exercise. Worse, it could be 
construed to constrain his inherent powers in the event of an attack by 
Venezuela that requires an immediate response.
  H. Con. Res. 61 orders him to cease attacks on terrorist groups, 
presumably the drug runners, but these are unflagged vessels carrying 
contraband in international waters. An attack on them is not an 
attack on a foreign power and, therefore, not an act of war. It is akin 
to firing on Somali pirates menacing international shipping.

  If the President launched an unprovoked attack on Venezuela or 
Venezuelan-flagged vessels without congressional declaration, we should 
have this debate. Until then, I think the Democrats would do well not 
to cry wolf on such an important matter.
  Mr. McGOVERN. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. MEEKS. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. MAST. Mr. Speaker, I yield 30 seconds to the gentleman from Ohio 
(Mr. Davidson).
  Mr. DAVIDSON. Mr. Speaker, I would ask Mr. McGovern: Is the 
contention that this is a present condition, that there are U.S. forces 
in violation of the War Powers Resolution, or is it about a 
hypothetical future?
  I yield to the gentleman from Massachusetts.
  Mr. McGOVERN. The first thing you said.
  Mr. DAVIDSON. The contention is it is a pressing condition?
  Mr. McGOVERN. Yes.
  Mr. DAVIDSON. I disagree with that. I will be voting ``no.''
  Mr. McGOVERN. Read the intelligence.
  Mr. MAST. Mr. Speaker, I have no additional speakers. I reserve the 
balance of my time until the gentlemen yield back.
  Mr. McGOVERN. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself the balance of my time to 
close.
  Mr. Speaker, I really can't believe this debate from some of my 
friends on the other side of the aisle. They are talking about things 
that have nothing to do with the underlying legislation. I mean, they 
are talking about fentanyl. Well, fentanyl is coming from China. That 
is the problem. Do you want to bomb China? Then make the case to bomb 
China. That is where fentanyl is coming from.
  They are talking about nuclear war. I don't even know what that has 
to do with what we are debating here today.
  I think what is clear is my Republican friends are basically covering 
up for the President, who is sleepwalking us right into a war in 
Venezuela. That is the issue here.
  The President, by his own words, has said that he wants to block the 
airspace in Venezuela. He has talked about troops in Venezuela. He is 
stationing American forces around Venezuela. Under U.S. law, those are 
acts of hostility.
  I have seen this movie before, where my Republican friends get up and 
they talk tough: Let's go to war, let's go to war. Then we go to war, 
and it becomes a catastrophe. Then they say: Well, I never voted for a 
war. Oh, I didn't do that. That is not me.
  Well, under the Constitution, we have a responsibility to declare 
war. We have a responsibility to debate war. Quite frankly, this 
Congress, given what is going on in Venezuela, ought to be doing more 
oversight and ought to be debating this issue. That it is somehow 
controversial or undercuts our attempts to stop drugs from coming into 
this country is ridiculous. It is ludicrous.

[[Page H5992]]

  I have been around for a while. The one thing I can tell you with 
certainty, it is easy to get into a war. It is hard as hell to get out 
of war. I have been around long enough to hear Presidents of both 
parties talk about war as something simple: You can get into it, you 
get out of it easy, no big deal. That has never happened. That has 
never happened.

                              {time}  1450

  Even the Pentagon says it will be very complicated to topple Maduro, 
and what might result might be more violence, more chaos. It could be a 
quagmire.
  All we are saying here is, let's do our job. If you don't want to do 
the job, I don't know why the hell you are here, seriously. The Foreign 
Affairs Committee ought to be taking the lead on this. This shouldn't 
be controversial.
  My resolution is a bipartisan resolution. It deserves bipartisan 
support. This is the least we can do. This is the least we can do.
  When we go to war, our troops have no choice but to follow the orders 
that are given to them. The bottom line is, we have a responsibility to 
make sure they don't get sent into a mess, that we know what the hell 
we are doing, that there is a clearly defined mission, and that this is 
the right thing to do.
  It is the wrong thing to do, in my opinion. We have homeless 
veterans. We can't provide people in this country with healthcare. 
People don't have adequate housing. People are hungry.
  You want to spend billions and trillions of dollars on another war. 
Well, I don't want any part of it. Please vote for this resolution.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time.
  Mr. MEEKS. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself the balance of my time.
  I am not going to talk to my colleagues because they are not going to 
answer the question of why two convicted people, not just indicted, 
were pardoned by the United States President.
  Mr. Speaker, I will address my fellow Americans. Congress would need 
to pass an Authorization for Use of Military Force if President Trump 
wanted to put boots on the ground or conduct military strikes in 
Venezuela to abide by the law.
  For that, Republicans in Congress would need to cast their vote on 
whether to commit U.S. Armed Forces to an open-ended conflict that 
their constituents, the American people, certainly do not want.
  Trump ran on ending forever wars, but now he has forgotten what they 
are, what his own Secretary of Defense, Pete Hegseth, characterized as 
``interventionism, undefined wars, regime change . . . . and feckless 
nation building.'' Yet, with Venezuela, Trump is provoking a new war 
right in our backyard and threatening to destabilize the entire region.
  Let's be clear: Claiming a war with Venezuela will be quick and easy 
is a fantasy. Maduro is by no means a good guy. He lost the last 
election and has violently repressed the Venezuelan people to stay in 
power against their democratic will. To think that if the U.S. military 
just chases him out, then Venezuela's military and armed groups around 
the country will welcome democracy with open arms is naive at best.
  This administration has no plan for the day after. It has no 
strategy. If Members do not vote for Mr. McGovern's War Powers 
Resolution, they are signing their name to everything that comes after, 
a forever war in our own hemisphere, a quagmire the likes of Vietnam in 
a country twice the size of Iraq for a length of time that is 
completely unknown.
  How many billions of dollars of taxpayers' money would be spent so 
Pete Hegseth can play a wartime general? How many U.S. servicemembers 
would make the ultimate sacrifice so Donald Trump can do in Latin 
America what Vladimir Putin does in Europe?
  The power over matters of war and peace belongs to the United States 
Congress. It is our most solemn duty given in the Constitution of the 
United States, and votes like this are our most consequential. They are 
literally about life and about death.
  If history has taught us anything, it is that wars are easy to start, 
but they are incredibly difficult to end. The choice you make on this 
vote will carry a long, a very long, a very long part in this history.
  Mr. Speaker, I will end with this. Let me just tell you, the cameras 
of history are rolling. What will be the downstream effects of 
destabilizing the country, an entire region? Anyone who tells you they 
know, they are lying.
  What we do know is that the American people don't want this. That is 
unequivocal. Even President Trump's supporters do not understand why he 
would do this.
  I ask you, let's vote in this House for Mr. McGovern's bill. It is 
the right thing to do. Vote so the American people know how you stood 
at this point in history.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time.
  Mr. MAST. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself the balance of my time.
  The defense of America is what is on the table here. The questions 
are simple: Does the President have the authority to defend the United 
States of America against these cartels, against their drugs, their 
beheadings, their murders? Does he or does he not?
  My Democrat friends are arguing that he does not have the authority 
to defend our country, to protect the people of the United States of 
America, to protect the people in their communities. That is their 
argument.
  The fact of the matter is, the President has the authority to defend 
our country, and he has the duty to defend our country.
  Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to vote ``no,'' and I yield back 
the balance of my time.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. All time for debate has expired.
  Pursuant to the order of the House of December 16, 2025, the previous 
question is ordered on the concurrent resolution.
  The question is on adoption of the concurrent resolution.
  The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced that 
the noes appeared to have it.
  Mr. McGOVERN. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and nays.
  The yeas and nays were ordered.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to clause 8 of rule XX, further 
proceedings on this question will be postponed.

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