[Congressional Record Volume 171, Number 202 (Wednesday, December 3, 2025)]
[Senate]
[Pages S8460-S8463]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]



                     S.J. Res. 91 and H.J. Res. 131

  Ms. MURKOWSKI. Mr. President, I have come to the floor this morning 
as we begin debate on two identical disapproval resolutions. This is 
S.J. Res. 91--I filed it with Senator Sullivan--and then H.J. Res. 131, 
which is a companion measure filed by our delegation colleague 
Representative Begich. These resolutions would nullify the Biden 
administration's Coastal Plain Oil and Gas Leasing Program. This was 
unilaterally rewritten and finalized over our objections back in 
November of 2024.
  We are going to have an opportunity to vote later on a motion to 
proceed to my Senate resolution. Then, if that succeeds, our final vote 
tomorrow will be on the House resolution because it can then go 
directly to the President's desk.
  Those of us in the Alaska delegation filed these resolutions because 
we are again seeking to overturn the Biden administration's effort to 
effectively shut down resource production across Alaska. We opposed 
their Central Yukon Resource Management Plan, their integrated activity 
plan for our National Petroleum Reserve, and their decision to shut 
down any potential development on a very small part of the Coastal 
Plain.
  So for those who have not followed this, the Coastal Plain is a 1.56 
million-acre tract of land. This is on the eastern part of Alaska's 
North Slope. So if you look at the overlay here of Alaska, across the 
lower 48 States, the ANWR region is up here in the upper eastern 
corner. The refuge itself is about 19 million acres. This is 
approximately the size of South Carolina. The nonwilderness area--this 
is the 1002 area--is 1.5 million acres, which is approximately the size 
of Delaware. Again, you see this in that section of the map there.
  The Coastal Plain is part of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, but 
in designating that as a refuge, Congress specifically reserved this 
area up at the top, on the slope there, for energy exploration and 
potential future development. Congress did this through what was known 
as section 1002 of the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act. 
We call it ANILCA. So when we refer to the 1002 area, it is this 
Coastal Plain here within the ANWR region.
  Section 1002 of ANILCA starts with a purpose that explicitly 
authorizes ``exploratory activity within the coastal plain in a manner 
that avoids significant adverse effects on the fish and wildlife and 
other resources.''
  So I think it is important that people understand this purpose, this 
distinction. The 1002 area--this area here, the purple area--is not 
Federal wilderness. By law--by law--it is a Federal set-aside. This 
area here is wilderness. This is the refuge area. The 1002 area, again, 
was specifically set aside to authorize exploratory activity.
  Then Congress left the decision on development to be determined 
later. It was years--it was decades, actually--it was in 2017 that we 
in Congress agreed as to what should be allowed. I was chairman of the 
Energy and Natural Resources Committee at the time, and we added a 
title II to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. It drew bipartisan support, but 
we effectively put an end to a 40-year battle. We opened up a small 
fraction of the Coastal Plain to responsible development. And under the 
terms of that act, we required at least two area-wide lease sales over 
the course of 7 years.

  But we provided balance to all that. It wasn't just ``open the whole 
thing for exploration.'' We limited surface development to just 2,000 
acres.
  So, keep in mind, in this area that is the size of Delaware, we 
limited surface development to 2,000 acres, which is one one-hundredth 
of 1 percent--one one-hundredth of 1 percent--or one ten-thousandth of 
all of ANWR. That is what we included within that measure in that 2017 
act.
  We did not shortcut or truncate the environmental review process. The 
Department of the Interior effectively spent 3 years designing a sound, 
environmentally protective program, and the result, then, was a record 
of decision in August 2020 that would have allowed us to safely develop 
the area's anticipated resources while fully protecting the fish, the 
wildlife, and the subsistence uses.
  We have talked a lot on this floor and in other areas about the 
resources that we project to be in the ANWR area--prolific resources--
an estimated 7.7 billion barrels of oil, which would be enough to add a 
half million barrels a day to our Trans-Alaska Pipeline System for 
perhaps the next 40 years and help to fill up our pipeline.
  I am one who has been engaged in this battle for decades, and I 
absolutely understand the concern about whether or not limited 
development makes sense in the area. And like so much of Alaska, the 
Coastal Plain is a special place. None of us wants to see it harmed, 
and that is why we went to such extraordinary lengths to ensure that 
energy development and environmental protection could coexist. We 
didn't trade one for the other. We didn't put energy above the 
environment.
  We had a lot of confidence in the program that was finalized in 2020, 
but, unfortunately, we never got the chance to, once again, demonstrate 
how Alaska leads the world when it comes to balanced, environmentally 
responsible development.
  We held our first lease sale in early 2021, but after that, 
everything seems to have just kind of gone in reverse, because on his 
first day in office, President Biden suspended the Coastal Plain 
Program. His Department of the Interior paused all leasing and 
development activities before arbitrarily canceling every lease in the 
area.
  And the Biden administration didn't stop there, either. They next 
decided to rewrite the Coastal Plain Program to make leasing 
unattractive and development impossible. And they claimed deficiencies 
in the original process, between 2017 and 2020, that they had to 
somehow go back and remedy, but they never really cited anything 
specific. Now, keep in mind, the Biden administration in their 
political agenda did not include energy from Alaska. So they were 
trying to move forward and address what they said were flaws, but their 
process was also fatally flawed.
  For starters, the Biden administration failed to meaningfully consult 
with the people who actually live on the North Slope, including those 
who live in Kaktovik, which is the only community within ANWR's 
boundaries. When I say ``failed,'' I mean they refused--they flatout 
refused. I added report language to my Interior appropriations bill 
directing them to do the consultation, and still they refused.
  The Biden administration issued a record of decision for a new 
Coastal Plain Program in November of 2024. And if you spend time 
looking at it, you will understand why we are here, because it clearly 
and repeatedly contradicts Federal law, because the Tax Cut and Jobs 
Act opened the 1.56 million-acre Coastal Plain to potential 
development, subject to the 2,000-acre surface limit.
  We were very clear in what that law was. The Biden administration 
took that, flipped it on its head, and finalized the program that 
allowed leasing on just 400,000 acres--so, gone, immediately. Gone was 
potential leasing on 74 percent of the 1002 area. And the 400,000 acres 
that was left available, which is--I question the availability there--
but it amounted to less than was bid on at the 2021 lease sale. And 
even there, 231,700 acres were subject to no surface occupancy, another 
84,300 were subject to controlled surface use, and 3,100 acres were 
subject to timing limitation. So only about 5 percent--only about 5 
percent--of the overall Coastal Plain was subject to standard

[[Page S8461]]

lease terms and conditions under the Biden plan. So think about that--
just 5 percent now.

  The Biden administration also restricted seismic surveying--the best 
way to understand the Coastal Plains resources. They restricted the 
surveying of the lands that were now theoretically available for 
leasing. They even reinterpreted the 2,000-acre limit to not be a 
``saleable feature'' of leases. We had discussed this with the 
Parliamentarians during the budget reconciliation back in 2017, but it 
was a matter of secretarial discretion to allow development of anywhere 
between 0 and 2,000 acres. So, again, they flipped that on their head.
  So it wouldn't surprise you to learn that the 2024 program 
contemplates development on a maximum of 995 surface acres. Again, what 
we had statutorily prescribed--what the law says--was 2,000 acres.
  Finally, the Biden administration expanded and created new lease 
stipulations and required operating procedures to further dissuade 
leasing interests and clamp down on any potential for development. The 
goal wasn't hard to understand. It is evident in the 2024 record of 
decision.
  Interior acknowledged that, under their preferred alternative, future 
oil production from the Coastal Plain would decline nearly 80 percent. 
They knew it. That was the plan. I think they were probably trying to 
shoot for closer to 100 percent.
  Under the 2024 plan, there would be no leasing, as we clearly saw in 
a lease sale that was designed to fail and then did fail late last 
year. There would be no development on the Coastal Plain, regardless of 
congressional action, support from Alaskans who live on the North Slope 
and within the Coastal Plain, or our national need for responsibly 
produced energy.
  Bear in mind, this is all taking place right as the Biden 
administration was relaxing sanctions on countries like Iran, like 
Venezuela, allowing them to produce more and financially benefit from 
the development. And it also happened right as California, which is a 
traditional market for Alaska's oil, was importing more oil from the 
Middle East, which is a long way from California, but also from other 
countries in South America, actively deforesting the Amazon rain 
forests. So if you want to talk about a massive geopolitical and 
environmental failure, that was it--that was it--happening under that 
administration.
  Less oil from Alaska means a Trans-Alaska Pipeline System that is 
running mostly empty. It means a west coast that increasingly turns to 
imports instead of domestic energy, regardless of the terror that that 
breeds or the devastation that it causes.
  It also means fewer jobs for hard-working Alaskans, less opportunity 
in our communities for the folks who support and benefit from energy 
development, less revenue for the State of Alaska, and, in turn, less 
infrastructure and services. To me, that just makes no sense.
  The people of the North Slope, the Alaska delegation, and the State 
of Alaska were ignored as the Biden administration put its 2024 program 
into place. From the start, this was a fait accompli. There was no 
question in my mind what they planned to do, and there was nothing 
unfortunately that we were able to do to change their minds.
  It really didn't matter what Alaskans wanted. It didn't matter what 
the law required. It didn't matter that they wound up in court and 
lost--and lost badly--as they did when a Federal judge ruled that their 
cancellation of the Coastal Plain leases was blatantly illegal.
  All of that was their choice, and this is ours. This is our choice--
to disapprove and permanently nullify their actions so that they never 
come back in substantially similar form. So if you care about the rule 
of law, if you care about our domestic energy security or the 
consequences of sending our dollars abroad for energy that we have here 
at home, then I would ask you to join us in supporting this resolution.
  I think if you acknowledge that no one cares more about Alaska than 
Alaskans, you should be with the full Alaskan delegation on this. We 
can restore the rule of law. We can require Federal Agencies to follow 
congressional direction. We can return to balanced management on the 
Coastal Plain, while still protecting 99.99 percent of ANWR's surface 
acreage. I think the choice is pretty clear.
  I would urge colleagues to support the motion to proceed later and 
the underlying resolution when we vote on it tomorrow.
  Mr. President, I would ask, as I wrap here, that unanimous consent be 
provided for letters of support from those who live on the North Slope, 
as well as letters from the Resource Development Council and the NFIB, 
to be printed in the Record.
  There being no objection, the material was ordered to be printed in 
the Record, as follows:

                                                November 19, 2025.
     Re Support for S.J. Res. 91 and H.J. Res 131--Congressional 
         Review Act Disapproval of the ``2024 BLM Coastal Plain 
         Oil and Gas Leasing Program Record of Decision''

     Hon. Lisa Murkowski,
     U.S. Senate, Washington, DC.
     Hon. Dan Sullivan,
     U.S. Senate, Washington, DC.
     Hon. Nicholas Begich III,
     House of Representatives, Washington, DC.
       Dear Senators Murkowski, Sullivan, and Representative 
     Begich: On behalf of the North Slope Inupiat leadership--
     including Inupiat Community of the Arctic Slope (ICAS)), the 
     North Slope Borough (Borough), and Arctic Slope Regional 
     Corporation (ASRC), we write in strong support of 
     Congressional Review Act (CRA) resolutions introduced being 
     introduced by the Alaska Congressional Delegation, providing 
     for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, 
     United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of 
     Land Management relating to the ``2024 Coastal Plain Oil and 
     Gas Leasing Program Record of Decision.''


                               Background

       The North Slope Inupiat have called the Arctic home for 
     over 10,000 years. We are proud of our self-determination 
     efforts to ensure future generations of Inupiat continue to 
     reside in our communities and have access to essential 
     services. Without a stable economy, our communities will 
     suffer, along with our ability to fully engage in and sustain 
     our Inupiaq cultural traditions, including our vital 
     subsistence way of life.
       The North Slope of Alaska spans an area nearly the size of 
     the state of Minnesota and, within that expansive area, there 
     are eight Inupiaq communities--Anaktuvuk Pass, Atqasuk, 
     Kaktovik, Nuiqsut, Point Hope, Point Lay, Utqiagvik, and 
     Wainwright. None of our communities are connected by a 
     permanent road system; all supplies must be flown or barged 
     in, making the cost of living extremely high and economic 
     opportunities generally low.
       Over fifty years ago, the Federal Government directed 
     Alaska Native people to organize into a new structure of 
     indigenous representation. The Alaska Native Claims 
     Settlement Act of 1971 (ANCSA) was a dramatically different 
     and transformative approach by the Federal Government to 
     federal Indian policy. The fact that our ancestral lands were 
     claimed by the Federal Government before our people had a 
     right to settle aboriginal land claims should inform every 
     decision the Federal Government makes in managing those 
     lands.
       Unlike the Lower 48 model of indigenous representation 
     where tribal governments typically administer the delivery of 
     services such as healthcare, public safety, education, land 
     management, and economic development, the passage of ANCSA 
     created a shared system of Alaska Native representation and 
     delivery of services. Our region has a multitude of Alaska 
     Native entities that work together to effectively serve, 
     provide for, and enrich the lives of the North Slope Inupiat 
     we represent. Our three regional entities, the ICAS, the 
     Borough, and ASRC are three of those entities. While our 
     roles differ, our constituencies overlap, which is why we 
     work closely together to protect the cultural and economic 
     interests of the North Slope Inupiat.
       While our leaders over fifty years ago were initially wary 
     of any development on our lands, our Inupiaq leaders have 
     spent decades prioritizing open communication and 
     transparency in planning with industry. We have exercised 
     true self-determination through a unique framework of Alaska 
     Native governance--a framework that relies on our tribal 
     governments, municipal governments, and Alaska Native 
     corporations established by Congress to serve our indigenous 
     constituents. For millennia, Inupiaq ingenuity has 
     transformed our relationship with industry into a partnership 
     that has both protected our environment and our way of life 
     and has brought significant economic benefits to the region 
     that would have otherwise been absent. Our North Slope 
     residents are keenly aware that advances in our communities--
     running water, local schools, health care, public safety, 
     electricity, and more--have come because of the coordination 
     and cooperation of Alaska Native leaders and entities across 
     the region.


                                  ICAS

       Established in 1971, the Inupiat Community of the Arctic 
     Slope is the federally recognized regional tribal government 
     for the North Slope and represents over 14,000 Inupiaq tribal 
     members. The mission of ICAS is to exercise its sovereign 
     rights and powers

[[Page S8462]]

     for the benefit of tribal members, to conserve and retain 
     tribal lands and resources including subsistence.


                                Borough

       The Borough is a home rule government located above the 
     Arctic Circle that represents roughly 10,000 residents. The 
     Borough's jurisdiction includes the entire National Petroleum 
     Reserve-Alaska (NPR-A) and the eight villages within it. In 
     1972, the North Slope Inupiat formed the Borough, in part, to 
     ensure our communities would benefit from oil and 
     gas development on their ancestral homelands. It was the 
     first time Alaska Natives took control of their destiny 
     using a regional municipal government. The Borough 
     exercises its powers of taxation, property assessment, 
     education, and planning and zoning services to serve our 
     communities. Taxes levied on oil and gas infrastructure, 
     not development, have enabled the Borough to invest in 
     public infrastructure and utilities, support education, 
     and provide police, fire, emergency, health, and other 
     services. Elsewhere in rural Alaska, these services are 
     typically provided primarily by the State or Federal 
     Government, or both.


                                  ASRC

       ASRC is a for-profit, land-owning Alaska Native regional 
     corporation formed pursuant to ANCSA. ASRC represents the 
     same region as the Borough and ICAS, and the same eight 
     villages whose residents are predominantly Inupiat, and who 
     comprise many of our over 14,000 Alaska Native shareholders. 
     ASRC holds the title to approximately five million acres of 
     land on the North Slope, including both surface and 
     subsurface lands. These lands--the ancestral lands of the 
     North Slope Inupiat--were conveyed to ASRC by the United 
     States pursuant to ANCSA to provide for the economic and 
     cultural well-being of our Inupiat shareholders.
       ASRC is committed to both providing sound financial returns 
     to our sharehoLders, through jobs and dividends, and to 
     preserving our Inupiat way of life, culture, and traditions, 
     including the ability to maintain a subsistence lifestyle 
     that supports our communities. In furtherance of this 
     congressionally mandated mission to provide benefits to our 
     shareholders, ASRC conducts and continues to invest in a 
     variety of activities related to infrastructure and natural 
     resource development and other economic initiatives.
       ASRC's perspective is based on the dual realities that our 
     Inupiat culture and communities depend on a healthy ecosystem 
     and subsistence resources, as well as infrastructure and 
     resource development as the foundation of sustainable North 
     Slope communities.


    North Slope Trilateral Disapproval of the 2024 Coastal Plain ROD

       It is important to emphasize that our trilateral 
     organizations did not support the 2024 Coastal Plain Oil and 
     Gas Leasing Program Record of Decision. The primary reason 
     for our opposition was the lack of meaningful consultation 
     with the Inupiat people, our tribal government, and regional 
     institutions. The previous administration failed to engage in 
     meaningful government-to-government consultation with ICAS, 
     the Borough, or ASFRC, despite the fact that North Slope 
     communities are the most directly impacted by decisions in 
     the Coastal Plain.
       This failure disregarded the sovereign rights of ICAS, the 
     municipal authority of the Borough, and the land and 
     shareholder interests of ASRC. Federal law requires that 
     agencies conduct meaningful consultation with tribal 
     governments and Alaska Native Corporations (ANCs) before 
     issuing decisions that affect our communities. That did not 
     occur in this case. Instead, the process sidelined the voices 
     of our people, creating a decision that was neither 
     legitimate nor consistent with the principles of self-
     determination.
       For the Inupiat, consultation is not a procedural box to 
     check, it is a legal obligation that recognizes our 
     relationship to the land and our right to be heard. By 
     ignoring this responsibility, the Coastal Plain ROD failed to 
     account for the subsistence needs, cultural values, and 
     economic stability of North Slope communities. This is why 
     our organizations could not support the ROD, and why we now 
     stand behind its disapproval through the CRA process.


               Support for S.J. Res. 91 and H.J. Res. 131

       For these reasons, our trilateral organizations strongly 
     support passage of the CRA which disapproves of the rule 
     submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to 
     ``Coastal Plain Oil and Gas Leasing Program Record of 
     Decision (issued December 9, 2024). Overturning this rule is 
     necessary to restore balance to federal policy, reaffirm 
     Congress's intent for responsible development in Alaska, and 
     uphold the economic, cultural, and subsistence well-being of 
     the North Slope Inupiat.
       Our identity, resilience, and survival are deeply rooted in 
     our traditional lands, which encompass both the Coastal Plain 
     and the NPR-A. We take great pride in our ongoing efforts 
     toward self-determination, focused on securing a future where 
     future generations of Inupiat can continue to live in our 
     communities with access to the essential services they need 
     to thrive. We thank you for your leadership on this important 
     resolution and look forward to continued collaboration to 
     ensure that federal policies reflect both national priorities 
     and the needs of the people who call the Arctic home.
           Sincerely,
     Nicole Wojciechowski,
       President, Inupiat Community of the Arctic Slope.
     Josiah Patkotak,
       Mayor, North Slope Borough.
     Rex A. Rock Sr.,
       President and CEO, Arctic Slope Regional Corporation.
                                  ____



                                                        VOICE,

                                                November 18, 2025.
     Hon. Lisa Murkowski,
     U.S. Senate, Washington, DC.
     Hon. Dan Sullivan,
     U.S. Senate, Washington, DC.
     Hon. Nick Begich,
     House of Representatives, Washington, DC.
       Dear Senator Murkowski, Senator Sullivan, and 
     Representative Begich: Voice of the Arctic Inupiat (VOICE) 
     writes today in support of Senate Joint Resolution 91 and 
     House Joint Resolution 131, the congressional disapprovals of 
     the Bureau of Land Management's 2024 Record of Decision (ROD) 
     for the Coastal Plain Oil and Gas Leasing Program in the 
     Arctic National Wildlife Refuge (ANWR). In 2017, VOICE's 
     Board of Directors unanimously passed Resolution 2017-04 in 
     support of the opening of the 1002 Area, also known as the 
     Coastal Plain, of ANWR to oil and gas exploration and 
     development.
       VOICE is a nonprofit established in 2015 by the region's 
     collective Inupiaq leadership to speak with a unified voice 
     on issues impacting the North Slope Inupiat, and to preserve 
     and advance North Slope Inupiaq cultural and economic self-
     determination. Our 21 member organizations collaborate to 
     ensure that our collective voice is heard and respected--
     locally, regionally, nationally, and internationally. VOICE's 
     Board Members are elected leaders representing local 
     governments, federally recognized tribes, tribal service 
     providers, and Alaska Native Corporations from across the 
     North Slope.
       Our Board of Directors unanimously supports the 
     Kaktovikmiut, the residents of Kaktovik, and their right to 
     self-determination. Since the passage of the Alaska National 
     Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA) of 1980, which was 
     crafted, passed, and signed without consulting the North 
     Slope Inupiat, the Kaktovikmiut have been fighting for their 
     right to explore and develop their homelands located in the 
     Coastal Plain of ANWR, which they have occupied and which 
     have sustained them for thousands of years. VOICE is proud to 
     support policies that reflect their voices, including this 
     effort to nullify the 2024 ROD.
       Thank you for your efforts to ensure that the people most 
     affected are included and heard in the policymaking 
     processes.
           Quyanaqpak,
                                                 Nagruk Harcharek,
     President.
                                  ____



                                 Resource Development Council,

                                  Anchorage, AK, December 2, 2025.
       Re Support for S.J. Res. 91 and H.J. Res. 131

     Hon. Senator Lisa Murkowski,
     Washington, DC.
     Hon. Senator Dan Sullivan,
     Washington, DC.
     Hon. Congressman Nick Begich,
     Washington, DC.
       Dear Senator Murkowski, Senator Sullivan, and Congressman 
     Begich: The Resource Development Council for Alaska, Inc. 
     (RDC) writes to express strong support for S.J. Res. 91 and 
     H.J. Res. 131, which would disapprove the Bureau of Land 
     Management's (BLM) 2024 Coastal Plain Oil & Gas Leasing 
     Program Record of Decision (ROD). These resolutions are 
     essential to upholding federal law, restoring congressional 
     intent, and reaffirming Alaska's right to responsible 
     development in the 1002 Area of the Arctic National Wildlife 
     Refuge (ANWR).
       RDC is a statewide, non-profit trade association founded in 
     1975. Our membership is comprised of individuals and 
     companies from Alaska's fishing, tourism, forestry, mining, 
     and oil and gas industries and includes Alaska Native 
     corporations, local communities, organized labor, and 
     industry support firms. RDC's purpose is to encourage a 
     strong, diversified private sector in Alaska and expand the 
     state's economic base through the responsible development of 
     our natural resources.


      Congress Intended the 1002 Area for Responsible Development

       In 1980, the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation 
     Act (ANILCA) expanded ANWR, but in a compromise set aside 1.5 
     million acres of the coastal plain for study and potential 
     development. When Congress passed the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act 
     of 2017, it reaffirmed that intent by directing BLM to 
     conduct two area-wide lease sales by 2024. Congress also 
     limited development to no more than 2,000 surface acres, a 
     footprint representing roughly 1/l0,000th of refuge lands.
       The Biden administration's subsequent actions including 
     suspending and cancelling valid leases and issuing a 2024 ROD 
     that closes 76 percent of the Coastal Plain to leasing, 
     directly contradicted this mandate. In March 2025, a federal 
     court ruled these actions unlawful, and the Government 
     Accountability Office confirmed that the 2024 plan is subject 
     to the Congressional Review Act. S.J. Res. 91 and H.J. Res. 
     131 are necessary to correct this overreach and restore

[[Page S8463]]

     a lawful, workable program. Restoring the 2020 program is 
     aligned with H.R. 1 and the FY 2025 reconciliation bill, 
     which require four lease sales over the next decade under the 
     terms of the 2020 ROD.


    Alaska's Record of Safe, Low-Impact Arctic Development is Proven

       Alaska has demonstrated for decades that responsible 
     development on the North Slope can coexist with environmental 
     protection, subsistence resources, and wildlife. Since the 
     1970s, the surface footprint of oil development has decreased 
     by more than 80 percent due to technological advancements, 
     while drilling reach has increased dramatically. In fact, 
     over the past 40 years of North Slope oil production, many 
     wildlife populations, including caribou, have grown or 
     remained stable. The 2020 Coastal Plain ROD incorporated 
     extensive safeguards, including targeted protections for 
     sensitive habitats and important subsistence areas. It also 
     reflected strong support from North Slope residents, 
     including the community of Kaktovik--the only village within 
     the refuge.


   Energy Production in the Coastal Plain Strengthens Alaska and the 
                                 Nation

       The U.S. Geological Survey estimates the Coastal Plain 
     holds 7.7 billion barrels of technically recoverable oil, 
     enough to support roughly one million barrels per day for 
     more than 20 years. This resource is vital to maintaining 
     throughput in the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System (TAPS), 
     creating jobs across Alaska and the nation, generating 
     billions in revenues to fund essential services and state and 
     federal governments, and strengthening U.S. energy security.


                   Why Congressional Action is Needed

       Passage of S.J. Res. 91 and H.J. Res. 131 is essential 
     because these resolutions nullify an unlawful and overly 
     restrictive federal action and reinstate a leasing program 
     that aligns with clear congressional direction. They help 
     ensure that future administrations cannot disregard statutory 
     requirements, while respecting Alaska Native input and local 
     priorities. Restoring a lawful program also provides much-
     needed certainty for industry, communities, and the state's 
     economy.
       For 50 years, RDC has supported responsible North Slope 
     development as a cornerstone of Alaska's economy and an 
     essential component of America's energy security. S.J. Res. 
     91 and H.J. Res. 131 uphold the law, defend Alaska's 
     interests, and restore a balanced and environmentally 
     responsible path forward for the 1002 Area.
       Thank you for your continued leadership and commitment to 
     Alaska's future. RDC strongly supports passage of these 
     resolutions.
           Sincerely,
                                               Connor Hajdukovich,
     Interim Executive Director.
                                  ____



                                                         NFIB,

                                Washington, DC, November 17, 2025.
     Hon. Lisa Murkowski,
     U.S. Senate, Washington, DC.
       Dear Senator Murkowski: On behalf of the National 
     Federation of Independent Business, I write in support of 
     S.J. Res. 91, which would repeal the Bureau of Land 
     Management (BLM)'s 2024 Coastal Plain Oil & Gas Leasing 
     Program Record of Decision (ROD) that restricted oil and gas 
     leasing on over 1.15 million acres of land in northeast 
     Alaska. This land was specifically set aside by Congress in 
     the 1980 Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act for 
     oil and gas leasing. Unlocking the 7.7 billion barrels 
     ofdiscoverable oil in this region by repealing this rule is 
     an important step to lowering energy costs for small business 
     owners across the whole country.
       NFIB represents approximately 300,000 small and independent 
     businesses across the United States, including more than 
     1,000 in the state of Alaska. In NFIB's most recent Problems 
     and Priorities survey, small businesses ranked the cost of 
     natural gas, propane, gasoline, diesel, and fuel oil as their 
     6th most pressing issue. Job creators depend on affordable, 
     reliable, American energy so they can own, operate, and grow 
     their small businesses.
       In the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, Congress directed at 
     least two lease sales in the ``1002 Area'' by 2024. Nine 
     tracts were leased out in 2021, but these contracts were 
     promptly frozen on the first day on the Biden administration 
     and cancelled shortly thereafter. To make matters worse, in 
     December 2024, BLM issued a final ROD that permanently closed 
     76% of the area to further energy development. Thankfully, 
     Congress' 2025 tax package rebuked this plan, and mandated 
     four lease sales in the next decade. Passing S.J. Res. 91 
     will help achieve this target.
       In a recent NFIB member ballot, 88% of NFIB members 
     supported Congress streamlining regulations on the production 
     and transportation of energy sources. Repealing the 2024 ROD 
     would do just that, allowing for the production of more 
     American energy on land owned by the taxpayer.
       NFIB supports repealing this burdensome rule and other 
     rules that increase production costs and make energy less 
     affordable and reliable for small businesses. We look forward 
     to working with you to advance this bill and help ensure 
     continued American energy dominance.
           Sincerely,
                                              Louis A. Bertolotti,
                          Principal, Federal Government Relations.

  Ms. MURKOWSKI. I yield the floor.