[Congressional Record Volume 171, Number 200 (Monday, December 1, 2025)]
[House]
[Pages H4929-H4935]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




                 MIKAELA NAYLON GIVE KIDS A CHANCE ACT

  Mr. CARTER of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, I move to suspend the rules and 
pass the bill (H.R. 1262) to amend the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic 
Act with respect to molecularly targeted pediatric cancer 
investigations, and for other purposes, as amended.
  The Clerk read the title of the bill.
  The text of the bill is as follows:

                               H.R. 1262

       Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 
     the United States of America in Congress assembled,

     SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

       (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Mikaela 
     Naylon Give Kids a Chance Act''.
       (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act 
     is as follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Research into pediatric uses of drugs; additional authorities 
              of Food and Drug Administration regarding molecularly 
              targeted cancer drugs.
Sec. 3. Ensuring completion of pediatric study requirements.
Sec. 4. FDA report on PREA enforcement.
Sec. 5. Extension of authority to issue priority review vouchers to 
              encourage treatments for rare pediatric diseases.
Sec. 6. Limitations on exclusive approval or licensure of orphan drugs.
Sec. 7. Program for pediatric studies of drugs.
Sec. 8. Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network.
Sec. 9. Establishment of Abraham Accords Office within Food and Drug 
              Administration.
Sec. 10. Increasing transparency in generic drug applications.
Sec. 11. Medicare Improvement Fund.

     SEC. 2. RESEARCH INTO PEDIATRIC USES OF DRUGS; ADDITIONAL 
                   AUTHORITIES OF FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION 
                   REGARDING MOLECULARLY TARGETED CANCER DRUGS.

       (a) In General.--
       (1) Additional active ingredient for application drug; 
     limitation regarding novel-combination application drug.--
     Section 505B(a)(3) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic 
     Act (21 U.S.C. 355c(a)(3)) is amended--
       (A) by redesignating subparagraphs (B) and (C) as 
     subparagraphs (C) and (D), respectively; and
       (B) by striking subparagraph (A) and inserting the 
     following:
       ``(A) In general.--For purposes of paragraph (1)(B), the 
     investigation described in this paragraph is a molecularly 
     targeted pediatric cancer investigation of--
       ``(i) the drug or biological product for which the 
     application referred to in such paragraph is submitted; or
       ``(ii) such drug or biological product used in combination 
     with--

       ``(I) an active ingredient of a drug or biological 
     product--

       ``(aa) for which an approved application under section 
     505(j) under this Act or under section 351(k) of the Public 
     Health Service Act is in effect; and
       ``(bb) that is determined by the Secretary, after 
     consultation with the applicant, to be part of the standard 
     of care for treating a pediatric cancer; or

       ``(II) an active ingredient of a drug or biological 
     product--

       ``(aa) for which an approved application under section 
     505(b) of this Act or section 351(a) of the Public Health 
     Service Act to treat an adult cancer is in effect and is held 
     by the same person submitting the application under paragraph 
     (1)(B); and
       ``(bb) that is directed at a molecular target that the 
     Secretary determines to be substantially relevant to the 
     growth or progression of a pediatric cancer.
       ``(B) Additional requirements.--
       ``(i) Design of investigation.--A molecularly targeted 
     pediatric cancer investigation referred to in subparagraph 
     (A) shall be designed to yield clinically meaningful 
     pediatric study data that is gathered using appropriate 
     formulations for each age group for which the study is 
     required, regarding dosing, safety, and preliminary efficacy 
     to inform potential pediatric labeling.
       ``(ii) Limitation.--An investigation described in 
     subparagraph (A)(ii) may be required only if the drug or 
     biological product

[[Page H4930]]

     for which the application referred to in paragraph (1)(B) 
     contains either--

       ``(I) a single new active ingredient; or
       ``(II) more than one active ingredient, if an application 
     for the combination of active ingredients has not previously 
     been approved but each active ingredient is in a drug product 
     that has been previously approved to treat an adult cancer.

       ``(iii) Results of already-completed preclinical studies of 
     application drug.--With respect to an investigation required 
     pursuant to paragraph (1)(B), the Secretary may require the 
     results of any completed preclinical studies relevant to the 
     initial pediatric study plan be submitted to the Secretary at 
     the same time that the initial pediatric study plan required 
     under subsection (e)(1) is submitted.
       ``(iv) Rule of construction regarding inactive 
     ingredients.--With respect to a combination of active 
     ingredients referred to in subparagraph (A)(ii), such 
     subparagraph shall not be construed as addressing the use of 
     inactive ingredients with such combination.''.
       (2) Determination of applicable requirements.--Section 
     505B(e)(1) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 
     U.S.C. 355c(e)(1)) is amended by adding at the end the 
     following: ``The Secretary shall determine whether 
     subparagraph (A) or (B) of subsection (a)(1) applies with 
     respect to an application before the date on which the 
     applicant is required to submit the initial pediatric study 
     plan under paragraph (2)(A).''.
       (3) Clarifying applicability.--Section 505B(a)(1) of the 
     Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355c(a)(1)) 
     is amended by adding at the end the following:
       ``(C) Rule of construction.--No application that is subject 
     to the requirements of subparagraph (B) shall be subject to 
     the requirements of subparagraph (A), and no application (or 
     supplement to an application) that is subject to the 
     requirements of subparagraph (A) shall be subject to the 
     requirements of subparagraph (B).''.
       (4) Conforming amendments.--Section 505B(a) of the Federal 
     Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355c(a)) is amended--
       (A) in paragraph (3)(C), as redesignated by paragraph 
     (1)(A) of this subsection, by striking ``investigations 
     described in this paragraph'' and inserting ``investigations 
     referred to in subparagraph (A)''; and
       (B) in paragraph (3)(D), as redesignated by paragraph 
     (1)(A) of this subsection, by striking ``the assessments 
     under paragraph (2)(B)'' and inserting ``the assessments 
     required under paragraph (1)(A)''.
       (b) Guidance.--The Secretary of Health and Human Services, 
     acting through the Commissioner of Food and Drugs, shall--
       (1) not later than 12 months after the date of enactment of 
     this Act, issue draft guidance on the implementation of the 
     amendments made by subsection (a); and
       (2) not later than 12 months after closing the comment 
     period on such draft guidance, finalize such guidance.
       (c) Applicability.--The amendments made by this section 
     apply with respect to any application under section 505(b) of 
     the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355(b)) 
     and any application under section 351(a) of the Public Health 
     Service Act (42 U.S.C. 262(a)), that is submitted on or after 
     the date that is 3 years after the date of enactment of this 
     Act.
       (d) Reports to Congress.--
       (1) Secretary of health and human services.--Not later than 
     6 years after the date of enactment of this Act, the 
     Secretary of Health and Human Services shall submit to the 
     Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
     Representatives and the Committee on Health, Education, 
     Labor, and Pensions of the Senate a report on the Secretary's 
     efforts, in coordination with industry, to ensure 
     implementation of the amendments made by subsection (a).
       (2) GAO study and report.--
       (A) Study.--Not later than 8 years after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United 
     States shall conduct a study of the effectiveness of 
     requiring assessments and investigations described in section 
     505B of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 
     355c), as amended by subsection (a), in the development of 
     drugs and biological products for pediatric cancer 
     indications, including consideration of any benefits to, or 
     burdens on, pediatric cancer drug development.
       (B) Findings.--Not later than 10 years after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General shall submit 
     to the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
     Representatives and the Committee on Health, Education, 
     Labor, and Pensions of the Senate a report containing the 
     findings of the study conducted under subparagraph (A).

     SEC. 3. ENSURING COMPLETION OF PEDIATRIC STUDY REQUIREMENTS.

       (a) Equal Accountability for Pediatric Study 
     Requirements.--Section 505B(d) of the Federal Food, Drug, and 
     Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355c(d)) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (1), by striking ``Beginning 270'' and 
     inserting ``Noncompliance letter.--Beginning 270'';
       (2) in paragraph (2)--
       (A) by striking ``The drug or'' and inserting ``Effect of 
     noncompliance.--The drug or''; and
       (B) by striking ``(except that the drug or biological 
     product shall not be subject to action under section 303)'' 
     and inserting ``(except that the drug or biological product 
     shall be subject to action under section 303 only if such 
     person demonstrated a lack of due diligence in satisfying the 
     applicable requirement)''; and
       (3) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(3) Limitation.--The Secretary shall not issue 
     enforcement actions under section 303 for failures under this 
     subsection in the case of a drug or biological product that 
     is no longer marketed.''.
       (b) Due Diligence.--Section 505B(d) of the Federal Food, 
     Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355c(d)), as amended by 
     subsection (a), is further amended by adding at the end the 
     following:
       ``(4) Due diligence.--Before the Secretary may conclude 
     that a person failed to submit or otherwise meet a 
     requirement as described in the matter preceding paragraph 
     (1), the Secretary shall--
       ``(A) issue a noncompliance letter pursuant to paragraph 
     (1);
       ``(B) provide such person with a 45-day period beginning on 
     the date of receipt of such noncompliance letter to respond 
     in writing as set forth in such paragraph; and
       ``(C) after reviewing such written response, determine 
     whether the person demonstrated a lack of due diligence in 
     satisfying such requirement.''.
       (c) Conforming Amendments.--Section 303(f)(4)(A) of the 
     Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 333(f)(4)(A)) 
     is amended by striking ``or 505-1'' and inserting ``505-1, or 
     505B''.
       (d) Transition Rule.--The Secretary of Health and Human 
     Services may take enforcement action under section 303 of the 
     Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 333) only for 
     failures described in section 505B(d) of such Act (21 U.S.C. 
     355c(d)) that occur on or after the date that is 180 days 
     after the date of enactment of this Act.

     SEC. 4. FDA REPORT ON PREA ENFORCEMENT.

       Section 508(b) of the Food and Drug Administration Safety 
     and Innovation Act (21 U.S.C. 355c-1(b)) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (11), by striking the semicolon at the end 
     and inserting ``, including an evaluation of compliance with 
     deadlines provided for in deferrals and deferral 
     extensions;'';
       (2) in paragraph (15), by striking ``and'' at the end;
       (3) in paragraph (16), by striking the period at the end 
     and inserting ``; and''; and
       (4) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(17) a listing of penalties, settlements, or payments 
     under section 303 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act 
     (21 U.S.C. 353) for failure to comply with requirements under 
     such section 505B, including, for each penalty, settlement, 
     or payment, the name of the drug, the sponsor thereof, and 
     the amount of the penalty, settlement, or payment imposed.''.

     SEC. 5. EXTENSION OF AUTHORITY TO ISSUE PRIORITY REVIEW 
                   VOUCHERS TO ENCOURAGE TREATMENTS FOR RARE 
                   PEDIATRIC DISEASES.

       (a) Extension.--Paragraph (5) of section 529(b) of the 
     Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 360ff(b)) is 
     amended by striking ``December 20, 2024, unless'' and all 
     that follows through the period at the end and inserting 
     ``September 30, 2029.''.
       (b) User Fee Payment.--Section 529(c)(4) of the Federal 
     Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 360ff(c)(4)) is 
     amended by striking subparagraph (A) and inserting the 
     following:
       ``(A) In general.--The priority review user fee required by 
     this subsection shall be due upon the submission of a human 
     drug application under section 505(b)(1) or section 351(a) of 
     the Public Health Service Act for which the priority review 
     voucher is used. All other user fees associated with the 
     human drug application shall be due as required by the 
     Secretary or under applicable law.''.
       (c) GAO Report on Effectiveness of Rare Pediatric Disease 
     Priority Voucher Awards in Incentivizing Rare Pediatric 
     Disease Drug Development.--
       (1) GAO study.--
       (A) Study.--The Comptroller General of the United States 
     shall conduct a study of the effectiveness of awarding rare 
     pediatric disease priority vouchers under section 529 of the 
     Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 360ff), as 
     amended by subsection (a), in the development of human drug 
     products that treat or prevent rare pediatric diseases (as 
     defined in such section 529).
       (B) Contents of study.--In conducting the study under 
     subparagraph (A), the Comptroller General shall examine the 
     following:
       (i) The indications for each drug or biological product 
     that--

       (I) is the subject of a rare pediatric disease product 
     application (as defined in section 529 of the Federal Food, 
     Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 360ff)) for which a 
     priority review voucher was awarded; and
       (II) was approved under section 505 of the Federal Food, 
     Drug, and Cosmetic Act (42 U.S.C. 355) or licensed under 
     section 351 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 262).

       (ii) Whether, and to what extent, an unmet need related to 
     the treatment or prevention of a rare pediatric disease was 
     met through the approval or licensure of such a drug or 
     biological product.
       (iii) The size of the company to which a priority review 
     voucher was awarded under section 529 of the Federal Food, 
     Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 360ff) for such a drug or 
     biological product.
       (iv) The value of such priority review voucher if 
     transferred.

[[Page H4931]]

       (v) Identification of each drug for which a priority review 
     voucher awarded under such section 529 was used.
       (vi) The size of the company using each priority review 
     voucher awarded under such section 529.
       (vii) The length of the period of time between the date on 
     which a priority review voucher was awarded under such 
     section 529 and the date on which it was used.
       (viii) Whether, and to what extent, an unmet need related 
     to the treatment or prevention of a rare pediatric disease 
     was met through the approval under section 505 of the Federal 
     Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (42 U.S.C. 355) or licensure 
     under section 351 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 
     262) of a drug for which a priority review voucher was used.
       (ix) Whether, and to what extent, companies were motivated 
     by the availability of priority review vouchers under section 
     529 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 
     360ff) to attempt to develop a drug for a rare pediatric 
     disease.
       (x) Whether, and to what extent, pediatric review vouchers 
     awarded under such section were successful in stimulating 
     development and expedited patient access to drug products for 
     treatment or prevention of a rare pediatric disease that 
     wouldn't otherwise take place without the incentive provided 
     by such vouchers.
       (xi) The impact of such priority review vouchers on the 
     workload, review process, and public health prioritization 
     efforts of the Food and Drug Administration.
       (xii) Any other incentives in Federal law that exist for 
     companies developing drugs or biological products described 
     in clause (i).
       (2) Report on findings.--Not later than 5 years after the 
     date of the enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of 
     the United States shall submit to the Committee on Energy and 
     Commerce of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
     Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate a report 
     containing the findings of the study conducted under 
     paragraph (1).

     SEC. 6. LIMITATIONS ON EXCLUSIVE APPROVAL OR LICENSURE OF 
                   ORPHAN DRUGS.

       (a) In General.--Section 527 of the Federal Food, Drug, and 
     Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 360cc) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (a), in the matter following paragraph 
     (2), by striking ``same disease or condition'' and inserting 
     ``same approved use or indication within such rare disease or 
     condition'';
       (2) in subsection (b)--
       (A) in the matter preceding paragraph (1), by striking 
     ``same rare disease or condition'' and inserting ``same 
     approved use or indication for which such 7-year period 
     applies to such already approved or licensed drug''; and
       (B) in paragraph (1), by inserting ``, relating to the 
     approved use or indication,'' after ``the needs'';
       (3) in subsection (c)(1), by striking ``same rare disease 
     or condition as the already approved drug'' and inserting 
     ``same use or indication for which the already approved or 
     licensed drug was approved or licensed''; and
       (4) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(f) Approved Use or Indication Defined.--In this section, 
     the term `approved use or indication' means the use or 
     indication approved under section 505 of this Act or licensed 
     under section 351 of the Public Health Service Act for a drug 
     designated under section 526 for a rare disease or 
     condition.''.
       (b) Application of Amendments.--The amendments made by 
     subsection (a) shall apply with respect to any drug 
     designated under section 526 of the Federal Food, Drug, and 
     Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 360bb), regardless of the date on 
     which the drug was so designated, and regardless of the date 
     on which the drug was approved under section 505 of such Act 
     (21 U.S.C. 355) or licensed under section 351 of the Public 
     Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 262).

     SEC. 7. PROGRAM FOR PEDIATRIC STUDIES OF DRUGS.

       Section 409I(d)(1) of the Public Health Service Act (42 
     U.S.C. 284m(d)(1)) is amended by striking ``section,'' and 
     all that follows through the period at the end and inserting 
     ``section, $25,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2026 through 
     2028.''.

     SEC. 8. ORGAN PROCUREMENT AND TRANSPLANTATION NETWORK.

       Section 372 of the Public Health Service Act (42 U.S.C. 
     274) is amended--
       (1) in subsection (b)(2)--
       (A) by moving the margins of subparagraphs (M) through (O) 
     2 ems to the left;
       (B) in subparagraph (A)--
       (i) in clause (i), by striking ``, and'' and inserting ``; 
     and''; and
       (ii) in clause (ii), by striking the comma at the end and 
     inserting a semicolon;
       (C) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``twenty-four-hour 
     telephone service'' and inserting ``24-hour telephone or 
     information technology service'';
       (D) in each of subparagraphs (B) through (M), by striking 
     the comma at the end and inserting a semicolon;
       (E) in subparagraph (N), by striking ``transportation, 
     and'' and inserting ``transportation;'';
       (F) in subparagraph (O), by striking the period and 
     inserting a semicolon; and
       (G) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(P) encourage the integration of electronic health 
     records systems through application programming interfaces 
     (or successor technologies) among hospitals, organ 
     procurement organizations, and transplant centers, including 
     the use of automated electronic hospital referrals and the 
     grant of remote, electronic access to hospital electronic 
     health records of potential donors by organ procurement 
     organizations, in a manner that complies with the privacy 
     regulations promulgated under the Health Insurance 
     Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, at part 160 of 
     title 45, Code of Federal Regulations, and subparts A, C, and 
     E of part 164 of such title (or any successor regulations); 
     and
       ``(Q) consider establishing a dashboard to display the 
     number of transplants performed, the types of transplants 
     performed, the number and types of organs that entered the 
     Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network system and 
     failed to be transplanted, and other appropriate statistics, 
     which should be updated more frequently than annually.''; and
       (2) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(d) Registration Fees.--
       ``(1) In general.--The Secretary may collect registration 
     fees from any member of the Organ Procurement and 
     Transplantation Network for each transplant candidate such 
     member places on the list described in subsection 
     (b)(2)(A)(i). Such registration fees shall be collected and 
     distributed only to support the operation of the Organ 
     Procurement and Transplantation Network. Such registration 
     fees are authorized to remain available until expended.
       ``(2) Collection.--The Secretary may collect the 
     registration fees under paragraph (1) directly or through 
     awards made under subsection (b)(1)(A).
       ``(3) Distribution.--Any amounts collected under this 
     subsection shall--
       ``(A) be credited to the currently applicable 
     appropriation, account, or fund of the Department of Health 
     and Human Services as discretionary offsetting collections; 
     and
       ``(B) be available, only to the extent and in the amounts 
     provided in advance in appropriations Acts, to distribute 
     such fees among awardees described in subsection (b)(1)(A).
       ``(4) Transparency.--The Secretary shall--
       ``(A) promptly post on the website of the Organ Procurement 
     and Transplantation Network--
       ``(i) the amount of registration fees collected under this 
     subsection from each member of the Organ Procurement and 
     Transplantation Network; and
       ``(ii) a list of activities such fees are used to support; 
     and
       ``(B) update the information posted pursuant to 
     subparagraph (A), as applicable for each calendar quarter for 
     which fees are collected under paragraph (1).
       ``(5) GAO review.--Not later than 2 years after the date of 
     enactment of this subsection, the Comptroller General of the 
     United States shall, to the extent data are available--
       ``(A) conduct a review concerning the activities under this 
     subsection; and
       ``(B) submit to the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, 
     and Pensions and the Committee on Finance of the Senate and 
     the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of 
     Representatives, a report on such review, including related 
     recommendations, as applicable.
       ``(6) Sunset.--The authority to collect registration fees 
     under paragraph (1) shall expire on the date that is 3 years 
     after the date of enactment of the Mikaela Naylon Give Kids a 
     Chance Act.''.

     SEC. 9. ESTABLISHMENT OF ABRAHAM ACCORDS OFFICE WITHIN FOOD 
                   AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION.

       (a) In General.--Chapter X of the Federal Food, Drug, and 
     Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 391 et seq.) is amended by adding at 
     the end the following:

     ``SEC. 1015. ABRAHAM ACCORDS OFFICE.

       ``(a) In General.--The Secretary, acting through the 
     Commissioner of Food and Drugs, shall establish within the 
     Food and Drug Administration an office, to be known as the 
     Abraham Accords Office, to be headed by a director.
       ``(b) Office.--Not later than two years after the date of 
     enactment of this section, the Secretary shall--
       ``(1) in consultation with the governments of Abraham 
     Accords countries, as well as appropriate United States 
     Government diplomatic and security personnel--
       ``(A) select the location of the Abraham Accords Office in 
     an Abraham Accords country; and
       ``(B) establish such office; and
       ``(2) assign to such office such personnel of the Food and 
     Drug Administration as the Secretary determines necessary to 
     carry out the functions of such office.
       ``(c) Duties.--The Secretary, acting through the Director 
     of the Abraham Accords Office, shall--
       ``(1) after the Abraham Accords Office is established--
       ``(A) as part of the Food and Drug Administration's work to 
     strengthen the international oversight of regulated 
     commodities, provide technical assistance to regulatory 
     partners in Abraham Accords countries on strengthening 
     regulatory oversight and converging regulatory requirements 
     for the oversight of regulated products, including good 
     manufacturing practices and other issues relevant to 
     manufacturing medical products that are regulated by the Food 
     and Drug Administration; and
       ``(B) facilitate interactions between the Food and Drug 
     Administration and interested parties in Abraham Accords 
     countries, including by sharing relevant information

[[Page H4932]]

     regarding United States regulatory pathways with such 
     parties, and facilitate feedback on the research, 
     development, and manufacturing of products regulated in 
     accordance with this Act; and
       ``(2) carry out other functions and activities as the 
     Secretary determines to be necessary to carry out this 
     section.
       ``(d) Abraham Accords Country Defined.--In this section, 
     the term `Abraham Accords country' means a country identified 
     by the Department of State as having signed the Abraham 
     Accords Declaration.
       ``(e) National Security.--Nothing in this section shall be 
     construed to require any action inconsistent with a national 
     security recommendation provided by the Federal 
     Government.''.
       (b) Report to Congress.--
       (1) In general.--Not later than 3 years after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Health and Human 
     Services shall submit to the Congress a report on the Abraham 
     Accords Office, including--
       (A) an evaluation of how the Office has advanced progress 
     toward conformance with Food and Drug Administration 
     regulatory requirements by manufacturers in the Abraham 
     Accords countries;
       (B) a numerical count of parties that the Office has helped 
     facilitate interactions or feedback pursuant to section 
     1015(c)(1)(B) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (as 
     added by subsection (a));
       (C) a summary of technical assistance provided to 
     regulatory partners in Abraham Accords countries pursuant to 
     subparagraph (A) of such section 1015(c)(1); and
       (D) recommendations for increasing and improving 
     coordination between the Food and Drug Administration and 
     entities in Abraham Accords countries.
       (2) Abraham accords country defined.--In this subsection, 
     the term ``Abraham Accords country'' has the meaning given 
     such term in section 1015(d) of the Federal Food, Drug, and 
     Cosmetic Act (as added by subsection (a)).

     SEC. 10. INCREASING TRANSPARENCY IN GENERIC DRUG 
                   APPLICATIONS.

       (a) In General.--Section 505(j)(3) of the Federal Food, 
     Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 355(j)(3)) is amended by 
     adding at the end the following:
       ``(H)(i) Upon request (in controlled correspondence or an 
     analogous process) by a person that has submitted or intends 
     to submit an abbreviated application under this subsection 
     for a drug that is required by regulation to contain one or 
     more of the same inactive ingredients in the same 
     concentrations as the listed drug referred to, or for which 
     the Secretary determines there is a scientific justification 
     for an approach that is in vitro, in whole or in part, to be 
     used to demonstrate bioequivalence for a drug if such a drug 
     contains one or more of the same inactive ingredients in the 
     same concentrations as the listed drug referred to, the 
     Secretary shall inform the person whether such drug is 
     qualitatively and quantitatively the same as the listed drug. 
     The Secretary may also provide such information to such a 
     person on the Secretary's own initiative during the review of 
     an abbreviated application under this subsection for such 
     drug.
       ``(ii) Notwithstanding section 301(j), if the Secretary 
     determines that such drug is not qualitatively or 
     quantitatively the same as the listed drug, the Secretary 
     shall identify and disclose to the person--
       ``(I) the ingredient or ingredients that cause such drug 
     not to be qualitatively or quantitatively the same as the 
     listed drug; and
       ``(II) for any ingredient for which there is an identified 
     quantitative deviation, the amount of such deviation.
       ``(iii) If the Secretary determines that such drug is 
     qualitatively and quantitatively the same as the listed drug, 
     the Secretary shall not change or rescind such determination 
     after the submission of an abbreviated application for such 
     drug under this subsection unless--
       ``(I) the formulation of the listed drug has been changed 
     and the Secretary has determined that the prior listed drug 
     formulation was withdrawn for reasons of safety or 
     effectiveness; or
       ``(II) the Secretary makes a written determination that the 
     prior determination must be changed because an error has been 
     identified.
       ``(iv) If the Secretary makes a written determination 
     described in clause (iii)(II), the Secretary shall provide 
     notice and a copy of the written determination to the person 
     making the request under clause (i).
       ``(v) The disclosures authorized under clauses (i) and (ii) 
     are disclosures authorized by law, including for purposes of 
     section 1905 of title 18, United States Code. This 
     subparagraph shall not otherwise be construed to authorize 
     the disclosure of nonpublic qualitative or quantitative 
     information about the ingredients in a listed drug, or to 
     affect the status, if any, of such information as trade 
     secret or confidential commercial information for purposes of 
     section 301(j) of this Act, section 552 of title 5, United 
     States Code, or section 1905 of title 18, United States 
     Code.''.
       (b) Guidance.--
       (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Health and Human 
     Services shall issue draft guidance, or update guidance, 
     describing how the Secretary will determine whether a drug is 
     qualitatively and quantitatively the same as the listed drug 
     (as such terms are used in section 505(j)(3)(H) of the 
     Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, as added by subsection 
     (a)), including with respect to assessing pH adjusters.
       (2) Process.--In issuing guidance under this subsection, 
     the Secretary of Health and Human Services shall--
       (A) publish draft guidance;
       (B) provide a period of at least 60 days for comment on the 
     draft guidance; and
       (C) after considering any comments received and not later 
     than one year after the close of the comment period on the 
     draft guidance, publish final guidance.
       (c) Applicability.--Section 505(j)(3)(H) of the Federal 
     Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, as added by subsection (a), 
     applies beginning on the date of enactment of this Act, 
     irrespective of the date on which the guidance required by 
     subsection (b) is finalized.

     SEC. 11. MEDICARE IMPROVEMENT FUND.

       Section 1898(b)(1) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1395iii(b)(1)) is amended by striking ``$1,403,000,000'' and 
     inserting ``$2,622,000,000''.

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to the rule, the gentleman from 
Georgia (Mr. Carter) and the gentlewoman from Michigan (Mrs. Dingell) 
each will control 20 minutes.
  The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Georgia.


                             General Leave

  Mr. CARTER of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that all 
Members may have 5 legislative days in which to revise and extend their 
remarks and insert extraneous material in the Record on the bill.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the 
gentleman from Georgia?
  There was no objection.
  Mr. CARTER of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the 
gentleman from Florida (Mr. Bilirakis), a very valuable member of the 
Committee on Energy and Commerce.
  Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Speaker, I am rising in strong support of H.R. 
1262, the Mikaela Naylon Give Kids a Chance Act, led by my friend, the 
gentleman from Texas, Congressman McCaul.
  This piece of legislation is comprised of bipartisan solutions to 
increase access to innovative treatments for those living with rare 
diseases, particularly children and adolescents.
  Ten years ago, Mr. Speaker, the idea that we would be able to not 
just treat but cure sickle cell disease sounded like a dream that was 
too far out of reach. Today, we are curing sickle cell disease. We are 
curing spinal muscular atrophy. We are curing hemophilia and blood 
cancers. These cures are just a few of the success stories attributable 
to the FDA's Rare Pediatric Disease Priority Review Voucher Program.
  The PRV program is a powerful incentive that spurs the development of 
treatments for rare pediatric diseases, providing a lifeline for 
patients who require specialized treatments.
  I also want to highlight the other provisions in this bill that seek 
to bolster important components of our healthcare system.
  This legislation supports the improvement of the Organ Procurement 
and Transplantation Network by allowing the Secretary of HHS to collect 
member registration fees to support the operation of the OPTN.
  This bill also helps secure our medical product supply chain by 
requiring the FDA to establish an office in a country that has signed 
the Abraham Accords.
  I am grateful to Representatives Harshbarger and Vargas for their 
work to facilitate operations between the FDA and regulatory 
authorities and innovators in Abraham Accords countries.
  Last but not least, this bill also includes a provision championed by 
Representatives Dunn and Mullin that will ensure more affordable drug 
options are available to patients faster rather than being delayed by 
unnecessary red tape.
  Mr. Speaker, this bill has one of the largest totals of bipartisan 
cosponsors of any legislation we will see this Congress.
  One of the reasons for that is the tireless work of the patient 
advocates. They come to our office on a regular basis and tell us their 
personal stories. It makes such a difference, Mr. Speaker.
  This bill now bears the name of one of those heroic kids, Mikaela 
Naylon, who passed away earlier this year after battling cancer for 
nearly 6 years. May her memory be eternal. She was 16 years old, and I 
will never forget the videos.
  Throughout her battle, Mikaela was a fierce advocate of this bill to 
create

[[Page H4933]]

hope for a cure, not just for herself but for the thousands of kids 
around the country who are fighting the same fight.
  This is a very important bill, and I want to get it to the Senate as 
soon as possible so it can become law.
  Mr. Speaker, I encourage my colleagues to support this bill.
  Mrs. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to the 
gentleman from New Jersey (Mr. Pallone), the distinguished ranking 
member of the Energy and Commerce Committee.
  Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, I thank the sponsor of this legislation on 
the Democratic side, the gentlewoman from Michigan (Mrs. Dingell), for 
yielding.
  I rise today in support of this legislation, the Mikaela Naylon Give 
Kids a Chance Act, sponsored by Representatives Dingell and McCaul.
  This bill includes several strong, bipartisan pieces of legislation 
to help expand access to care for patients with rare diseases and 
complex medical needs. It increases research and development into rare 
pediatric diseases, improves regulatory certainty, strengthens the 
medical product supply chain, and enhances patient access to lower-cost 
medicines.
  This bill will help in our efforts to bring new treatments to 
pediatric patients with more advanced forms of cancer. It also includes 
important enforcement authority for the Food and Drug Administration to 
take action against companies that do not conduct required studies for 
pediatric patients.
  The bill also includes critical language to clarify the FDA's long-
held treatment of orphan drug exclusivity and bring new treatments to 
more patients suffering from rare diseases. It will also allow for 
disclosure of certain information related to drug formulations to 
generic drug manufacturers to bring lower-cost medications to patients 
more quickly.
  These provisions all advance our goal of accelerating the development 
of novel, safe, effective, and affordable treatments while improving 
outcomes for patients.
  I am also pleased that the legislation provides the Health Resources 
and Services Administration, or HRSA, with the authority to modernize 
the organ transplant system. This language will allow HRSA to collect 
registration fees and distribute them among the multiple contractors 
that will be supporting the OPTN. The system is lifesaving for 
Americans, and I am glad that we can continue to support these much-
needed reform efforts.
  Mr. Speaker, this bill also includes important provisions to ensure 
that our medical product supply chain can be strengthened by working 
with international partners that believe in both tolerance and respect 
for every person, as well as advancement of science and medicine.

  As a whole, this bill is going to make a difference, but I continue 
to believe that additional guardrails are needed for the PRV program to 
function the way Congress intended it to.
  Previous reports from the Government Accountability Office on the 
program and continued research from academics show that there is little 
evidence that it incentivizes the products that Congress intended to 
help come to market.
  This is especially concerning as the FDA has introduced a new 
priority review program with potentially massive financial benefits for 
pharmaceutical companies without any transparency or congressional 
authorization. That is why I am pleased that this bill includes a 
requirement for the GAO to conduct a new study and report on the 
effectiveness of the PRV program in achieving our original intent.
  Let us not overstate the impact of this bill, however. While we are 
working together to advance the bill forward on incremental but 
important bipartisan legislation to advance both drug discovery and 
drug affordability, the Trump administration continues its devastating 
attacks on public health, including in cancer research.

                              {time}  1610

  The Trump administration's substantial cuts to research funding for 
the biomedical community is chilling the innovation that we are trying 
to promote through this bill.
  The Trump administration is decimating research and endangering the 
pipeline of new cancer therapies that could come to FDA for approval. 
Their actions are putting patients at risk and leaving pediatric 
patients without the treatments that we are trying to ensure can be 
tested and brought to them.
  Meanwhile, the Trump administration is using the FDA as a tool to 
provide lucrative gifts to drugmakers and allies of President Trump, 
undermining the Agency's science-based review process, and endangering 
the health of the American public with potentially unsafe and rushed 
drug reviews.
  The Trump administration is also decimating our vaccine 
infrastructure, from the programs that cover our vaccines and ensure 
that patients can afford them to destroying the pipeline to future 
vaccines through their ideological, pseudoscience agenda.
  Mr. Speaker, one day, I hope that my Republican colleagues will join 
us in calling on the Trump administration to reverse these terrible 
policies that are only harming the public health.
  Mr. CARTER of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise today in strong support of the bipartisan Give 
Kids a Chance Act, which supports research and development of drugs for 
children with cancer and other rare diseases.
  Nearly 70 percent of rare diseases start in childhood, and most still 
have no approved treatments. The Rare Pediatric Disease Priority Review 
Voucher Program has been a catalyst for developing therapies for these 
vulnerable populations.
  Thanks to this program, treatments have reached children who are 
suffering from nearly 40 rare diseases, many of which previously had no 
FDA-approved options and often led to severe disability or death before 
adulthood. Since 2012, the Rare Pediatric Disease PRV Program has 
helped bring more than 60 new treatments to market and has driven 
investment in hundreds of additional therapies for rare pediatric 
diseases that would otherwise be financially unviable.
  The Give Kids a Chance Act restores this critical program, ensuring 
that we continue to spur innovation, improve outcomes for young 
patients, and close gaps in pediatric drug research.
  Mr. Speaker, I encourage my colleagues to support this bill.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mrs. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise today to share my strong support for H.R. 1262, 
the Mikaela Naylon Give Kids a Chance Act. I am proud to co-lead this 
important, bipartisan legislation alongside Representatives   Michael 
McCaul, Dr. Kim Schrier, and Gus Bilirakis.
  This bill will accelerate pediatric cancer treatments and expand 
access to lifesaving therapies for children battling rare diseases.
  It is impossible to fully express the pain and the devastation that a 
family experiences when their child is diagnosed with cancer.
  One of the bill's advocates was one that we are all going to talk 
about, Mikaela Naylon, a 16-year-old girl in Colorado who battled bone 
cancer. She was a fierce fighter for this bill. She talked to all of 
us, and we all sent videos to her. Unfortunately, she died on October 
30.
  Her mother told all of us, the sponsors and the cosponsors of this 
bill, that we gave her reason to live, and she hopes that other 
children will not die at her age and that this bill will help save 
lives.
  She supported and spoke on the importance of funding cancer research 
to be able to help other kids like herself. She was a fighter her 
entire life, and this lifesaving bill has been renamed in her honor.
  There are too many others facing the fight, as Mikaela has, each 
year. Nearly 16,000 children in just the United States are diagnosed 
with cancer each year.
  Mr. Speaker, 1 in every 285 children in the U.S. will be diagnosed 
with cancer before they reach 20 years of age. In fact, children 
comprise as many as half of those living with rare diseases. Yet, here 
is the reality for those children: Treatment options for children 
remain extremely limited compared to those for adults.
  We know that children respond to cancer treatments differently, but

[[Page H4934]]

there is limited research on how these therapies impact them. We owe 
our kids better than that, and their families deserve more.
  We need this bill to offer more children a fighting chance. The Give 
Kids a Chance Act would reauthorize the Food and Drug Administration 
Priority Review Voucher Program to allow pharmaceutical companies to 
expedite FDA review of more profitable drugs in return for developing 
treatments for rare pediatric diseases.
  Since 2011, 53 PRVs have been awarded for 35 different rare pediatric 
diseases. Additionally, thousands of successful drug combination 
therapies are now being studied and developed for adults but not for 
kids; not for our children.
  The Give Kids a Chance Act also authorizes the FDA to direct 
companies to study a combination of cancer drugs and therapies in 
pediatric trials, as well. Together, we can show these young children 
and their families that they are not alone in this fight.
  Mr. Speaker, I do thank the 313 cosponsors of this bill for their 
support, along with Chairman Guthrie and Ranking Member Pallone for 
their assistance and support for this important bill. It has taken too 
long to get here today, but we are here. Let's show the kids in this 
country that we care.
  Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to vote ``yes,'' and I reserve the 
balance of my time.
  Mr. CARTER of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may 
consume to the gentleman from Texas (Mr. McCaul), the esteemed Member 
who has announced that this will be his last session and who has had a 
stellar career in this august body and who has led in many, many ways, 
in many committees, and whose career we all want to emulate.

  Mr. McCAUL. Mr. Speaker, I thank my dear friend from Georgia (Mr. 
Carter) for those kind words. I thank Chairman Guthrie, Gus Bilirakis, 
Mr. Pallone, and, especially, Chairwoman Dingell for their steadfast 
advocacy for these kids. I can't think of anything more important in my 
22 years.
  As chairman of the Childhood Cancer Caucus, I host a yearly childhood 
cancer summit. Mrs. Dingell is a co-chair. It is a time for pediatric 
cancer patients, survivors, and advocates to rally together around 
these precious children, the most precious thing we have, and to spread 
hope to them.
  Each year, I meet a child who impacts me in a very strong way. This 
year, I was blessed to get to know this beautiful, beautiful young 
woman by the name of Mikaela Naylon. I could see in her eyes that she 
was at the height of her struggle with cancer. It took so much strength 
for her to come to the summit, but she believed that she was meant to 
be there. She wanted her presence and her voice to help shape our 
policies and change our world for the better.
  We got her into a joint clinical trial at MD Anderson and Texas 
Children's Hospital, but, unfortunately, it was too late. She had to be 
put on a ventilator 3 weeks after our summit, and she passed away.
  As Congresswoman Dingell mentioned, we sent videos to her to remind 
her of how important she is. In her final moments on this Earth, I 
reached out to her and told her that her story would not be forgotten 
and that her legacy would continue to help thousands of other children. 
I wanted her to know that her impact would outlive all of us.
  Mr. Speaker, today, in her honor, the United States Congress will 
vote on the Mikaela Naylon Give Kids a Chance Act.
  Mr. Speaker, 16 years ago, I founded the Childhood Cancer Caucus 
because I saw that children with cancer did not have a voice here in 
Washington. We cared about adult treatments, but no one was paying 
attention to the precious children who are battling this heartbreaking 
disease. In fact, they called it rare orphan diseases.

                              {time}  1620

  Since then, we have made a change for the better, and today is proof 
of that. Put simply, this bill gives kids the same chance to beat 
cancer that adults already have.
  Right now, thousands of successful drug combination therapies are 
being studied and developed for adults, but not for children. The Give 
Kids a Chance Act will change that. It authorizes the FDA to direct 
companies to study those same drugs and therapies in children, as well.
  It will also reauthorize my Creating Hope Reauthorization Act, which 
created a pediatric review voucher program within the FDA. It was the 
first-ever market incentive for pharmaceutical companies to develop 
childhood cancer treatments. Prior to that, there were none.
  Since its inception in 2012, 63 vouchers have been awarded for 
treatments of at least 39 different rare pediatric diseases, 36 of 
which previously had no FDA-approved treatments. These diseases 
typically lead to death before a child can reach adulthood, but not 
anymore.
  A dear friend of mine, Dr. Allison from MD Anderson in my home State 
of Texas, was able to use this voucher program to obtain FDA approval 
for a treatment called CAR-T immunotherapy. He received the Nobel Prize 
in medicine for it, and this voucher program had everything to do with 
the FDA approval of it. This breakthrough treatment could change 
everything, and it has changed everything, not just for kids with 
cancer, but also for many adults.
  This bill will keep this successful voucher program going for another 
5 years, fueling more innovation and more hope for children and 
families who desperately need it.
  Mr. Speaker, I thank all of my friends on the Committee on Energy and 
Commerce--I am not on the committee--who helped me get this bill done. 
I also want to recognize the childhood cancer survivors who are in the 
gallery today.
  With 313 cosponsors, this bill has the most bipartisan support in 
Congress, and that is because there is nothing political about a child 
with cancer. There is nothing more important than saving the lives of 
the next generation.
  My prayers remain with Mikaela's family, and we are honored to have 
them here with us today: her mother, Kassandra; her father, Doug; and 
her brother, Ayden. I thank them for sharing Mikaela's beautiful story 
with us.
  Mikaela represents all the children who have suffered with this 
heartbreaking disease. After meeting with many of them over all of 
these years, I can tell you these kids are tougher and more resilient 
than any adult I have ever seen, and they are truly my biggest 
inspiration. Many survive, but many don't, and that needs to change. 
Losing these kids has been the hardest part of my career over 22 years.
  Today, I am encouraged because Mikaela's legacy and all of their 
legacies, all those who have died and survived this horrible disease, 
will live on in this bill forever.
  Mr. Speaker, it is rare in this place that you can pass a bill that 
will end up saving children's lives. I can think of nothing more 
important.
  I urge my colleagues to do right by our children and pass the Mikaela 
Naylon Give Kids a Chance Act without delay.
  Mrs. DINGELL. Mr. Speaker, I am ready to close, but before doing so, 
I thank my colleague, with whom I have been proud to co-chair the 
caucus. We both know too many children who have died, but we know a lot 
who we were able to get help for. We make a commitment to all the 
families in the gallery, and those who we have not gotten to know, that 
no matter where the gentleman is going, he and I are in this fight for 
the rest of our lives. I thank him for all of his work. I am going to 
miss my colleague.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time and beg everybody to 
support this bill.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Chair reminds Members not to refer to 
persons in the gallery.
  Mr. CARTER of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, I apologize. I do have one other 
speaker.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he may consume to the gentleman 
from California (Mr. Obernolte).
  Mr. OBERNOLTE. Mr. Speaker, I thank my friend, the gentleman from 
Georgia, for recognizing me.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support as both a member of the Health 
Subcommittee and a proud cosponsor of this bill, H.R. 1262, the Give 
Kids a Chance Act.
  Mr. Speaker, we live in the most technologically advanced society in 
the history of human civilization, and modern medicine has recently 
come up

[[Page H4935]]

with amazing solutions and cures for many of the physical ailments that 
have afflicted humanity.
  Unfortunately, Mr. Speaker, we have many rare pediatric diseases for 
which there is no cure. While we are researching the cures for those 
diseases, thousands and thousands of children continue to suffer.
  Mr. Speaker, we need to give every priority and do everything we 
possibly can to speed up the delivery of these treatments for rare 
pediatric diseases, and that is what this bill is all about. The Give 
Kids a Chance Act will reauthorize the FDA's Priority Review Voucher 
system to speed the research and development of these technologies and 
innovative treatments and bring them to market. It also clarifies the 
FDA's authority over expediting these therapies and reauthorizes needed 
funding for the NIH to fund research and development into these cures.
  Mr. Speaker, this bill will help us finally bring solutions to these 
thousands of suffering children.
  Mr. Speaker, I thank my bipartisan cosponsors for their hard work on 
this bill. I urge this body to pass it this evening and urge its speedy 
consideration in the Senate.
  Mr. CARTER of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, in closing, I encourage a ``yes'' 
vote on this bill, and I yield back the balance of my time.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on the motion offered by the 
gentleman from Georgia (Mr. Carter) that the House suspend the rules 
and pass the bill, H.R. 1262, as amended.
  The question was taken; and (two-thirds being in the affirmative) the 
rules were suspended and the bill, as amended, was passed.
  A motion to reconsider was laid on the table.

                          ____________________