[Congressional Record Volume 171, Number 153 (Thursday, September 18, 2025)]
[Senate]
[Pages S6714-S6720]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




 AUTHORIZING THE EN BLOC CONSIDERATION IN EXECUTIVE SESSION OF CERTAIN 
                 NOMINATIONS ON THE EXECUTIVE CALENDAR

  (The remarks of Mr. LANKFORD pertaining to the introduction of S. 
2859 are printed in today's Record under ``Statements on Introduced 
Bills and Joint Resolutions.'')
  Mr. LANKFORD. I yield the floor.
  I suggest the absence of a quorum.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll.
  The senior assistant legislative clerk proceeded to call the roll.
  Mr. WARNER. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the order for 
the quorum call be rescinded.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.


                           National Security

  Mr. WARNER. Mr. President, I don't normally come to the floor to give 
somewhat lengthy remarks, but today I am doing so because of a deep 
and, frankly, rising concern for the future of our intelligence 
community and, in turn, the security of the United States.
  For months now, we have watched President Trump's administration, led 
in this arena by his handpicked Director of National Intelligence Ms. 
Gabbard, systemically undermine the men and women whose mission is to 
keep this country safe. These are professionals who serve under 
Republican and Democratic administrations alike. They are career 
officials who put duty before politics, who swear an oath not to any 
President but to the Constitution of the United States.
  Yet as this administration fires and denigrates these very men and 
women, as expertise that takes literally decades to build is being 
thrown away as it conflicts with political talking points, as 
assessments grounded in fact are being shelved in favor of conspiracy 
theories, our adversaries are conspiring, sharing intelligence and 
military capabilities and strategizing over how to weaken the United 
States while advancing a very different authoritarian vision for the 
world.
  At the same time, I fear the integrity of our intelligence is being 
sacrificed on the altar of partisan convenience.
  This is not some kind of inside-the-beltway turf battle, and it is 
not another partisan disagreement. I believe at stake is something much 
more fundamental: whether America will continue to have an intelligence 
community free to speak truth to power or whether political pressure 
will blind us to the very real threats our Nation faces.
  (Mr. BUDD assumed the Chair.)
  History shows us what happens when intelligence is ignored, 
manipulated, or kept from those who need it most. In 1941, the U.S. 
Navy intercepted communications showing that Japan was planning to 
attack Pearl Harbor. That knowledge ended up being of little use 
because it was not communicated to the people who could have taken 
action to protect the fleet. The result was the devastating surprise 
that cost thousands of American lives.
  In the aftermath, Congress resolved that we could never again afford 
to be blindsided. So in 1947, in a bipartisan way, Congress created the 
Central Intelligence Agency, the modern Department of Defense, and 
other institutions to ensure that unfiltered, unbiased intelligence is 
provided to the President, to Congress, and to our military. These 
institutions are meant to protect us from surprises and to give 
policymakers the truth, even when it is inconvenient or uncomfortable.
  Now, for the most part, this system has worked, and all of us who 
work up here know it has never been perfect. The abuses revealed by the 
Church Committee in the 1970s made clear why strong congressional 
oversight is essential. That is why the Senate Intelligence Committee 
was established in 1976 and our House counterpart the following year.
  Today, while not flawless, these committees--of which I know the 
Presiding Officer is a member--remain the best check we have to ensure 
that intelligence Agencies uphold American values and laws and avoid 
repeating past mistakes--and hopefully learning from them when they do 
occur. Even with our modern system of congressional oversight, we have 
seen tragic failures. Intelligence failed to predict the collapse of 
the Soviet Union. We failed to connect the dots before 9/11. And 
perhaps most foreboding, in the runup to the Iraq war, intelligence was 
distorted to fit policy preferences. Intelligence about weapons of mass 
destruction and Saddam Hussein's ties to al-Qaida were inflated and 
cherry-picked. Analysts who even at that time raised doubts were 
ignored.
  The result was a devastating war in Iraq, fought under false 
pretenses, that cost literally thousands of American servicemembers 
their lives and limbs. But we learned from those failures.
  After the September 11 attacks, Congress placed additional safeguards 
and created a new position: the Director of National Intelligence. The 
objective was to better coordinate our intelligence Agencies, to avoid 
the so-called

[[Page S6715]]

groupthink, to remove silos amongst our now 18, 19 intelligence 
Agencies, and to ensure that analysts could provide thorough, candid 
assessments--again, even when the truth was uncomfortable or unwelcome.
  That was the commitment I asked President Trump's nominee and the 
current Director of National Intelligence, Ms. Gabbard, to make during 
her confirmation hearing, and she assured our committee and the 
American people that she would protect the independence of the 
intelligence community to ensure that the IC is never politicized. She 
even pointed to the runup to the war in Iraq as the clearest example of 
what happens when intelligence is bent to fit policy and the President 
is told only what he wants to hear. She pledged that she would never 
allow those mistakes to be repeated on her watch.
  Mr. President, but in only 6 months, we have seen the opposite from 
this administration. We have seen career FBI agents, people who have 
risked their lives for this country, forced out of their positions 
simply for investigating crimes committed in the January 6 
insurrection. These were professionals following the law, performing 
their sworn duties, and yet their service was treated as disloyalty. 
Careers were ended and decades of expertise were discarded just for 
doing the job they were entrusted to do.
  We have seen the Chairman and Deputy Chairman of the National 
Intelligence Council dismissed because their well-documented, evidence-
based assessment of the Venezuelan Tren de Aragua criminal network did 
not align with the administration's preferred narrative. These analysts 
presented carefully sourced intelligence showing that the gang of bad 
guys acted, actually, independent of the Venezuelan Government, not at 
the behest of foreign officials. Yet their findings were rejected and 
their leadership positions removed simply because the truth didn't fit 
a politically convenient story.
  And again, to be clear, there is no question that Maduro's regime in 
Venezuela and the TDA are ruthless actors who pose real threats, but 
punishing officials--punishing intelligence officials in particular--
for telling the truth only weakens our ability to confront them.
  We have seen the three-star general leading the Defense Intelligence 
Agency pushed out after analysts produced a straightforward, evidence-
based assessment showing that Iran's nuclear program had not been 
obliterated, as President Trump so loudly claimed. Rather than face 
those facts, the administration decided to punish the messenger, and he 
was let go from DIA.
  We have seen, more recently, analysts, literally with decades of 
experience on Russia, stripped of their security clearances or 
reassigned at the very moment that their years of expertise is needed 
most.
  More recently, DNI Gabbard has personally revoked the clearances of 
at least 37 individuals in a transparently political act of vengeance 
in a single stroke of a pen and, at least in one case, exposing an 
official working undercover. That alone--putting someone who has 
worked undercover and identifying that identity--in past 
administrations would have been grounds for firing.

  We have seen statutory requirements to keep Congress fully and 
currently informed ignored, oversight stymied and obstructed, and 
inspectors general who are supposed to keep their eyes on these 
Agencies--inspectors general and their personnel silenced, forced out, 
or removed.
  And I remind my colleagues, in terms of oversight for the 
intelligence community, that is not a right that all 100 Senators have. 
There are literally 17 of us. As chair or vice chair over the last few 
years, I am part of the so-called Gang of 8. If we don't do our jobs, 
nobody is watching all of these intelligence Agencies.
  Even more damaging, we have seen highly sensitive intelligence 
declassified and released, clearly for political purposes, without 
proper coordination with the Agencies responsible for protecting 
sources and methods--that is how we do our work and who are the people 
involved. The disclosures actually risked revealing the identities of 
assets--and those are human beings--and the techniques we rely on--
those are the technology and skills we have--and the credibility of 
ongoing operations, all for the sake of advancing a political 
narrative. The very tools that protect lives and maintain America's 
strategic advantage are being treated as leverage in a partisan game.
  Let's remember, the so-called Russia hoax and that assessment, which 
this administration continues to disparage, was a coordinated, 
unanimous finding by the entire intelligence community. Our committee--
on a bipartisan, unanimous basis--reviewed it and validated it 
extensively. Not a single one of my Republican colleagues objected to 
its findings, including the current Secretary of State, then-committee 
chairman Senator Rubio.
  And what did that assessment actually conclude? I think every one of 
us understood that Russia conducted a sweeping, systematic campaign to 
interfere in our 2016 election; that Moscow's goal was to sow chaos, to 
undermine faith in American democracy, and specifically to boost Mr. 
Trump's candidacy. These findings were not partisan talking points; 
they were sober judgments of career professionals, backed by evidence, 
and affirmed by both parties in Congress.
  And during the first Trump administration, they responded to that 
report appropriately and put resources to make sure the 2020 election 
was the safest election on record. Kudos to the first Trump 
administration in doing that.
  But with all of this happening, as troubling as all of this is, what 
may be most astonishing is who seems to be calling the shots now: not 
seasoned national security leaders, not career intelligence 
professionals, but conspiracy theorist Laura Loomer, a figure who has 
called the 9/11 terrorist attacks an inside job, who described herself 
as a ``pro-White nationalist'' and a ``proud Islamophobe,'' and who has 
made openly racist and anti-Muslim statements. This is not someone with 
even a shred of credibility, let alone the experience or judgment we 
should demand from those influencing U.S. national security decisions.
  Yet, time and again, we have seen senior officials pushed out of 
their posts because Ms. Loomer decided they were not sufficiently loyal 
to the President. National Security Council staffers, people well-known 
and respected on both sides of the aisle, including staffers who worked 
for my Republican colleagues in the Senate, were shown the door at her 
demand; the two top officials at the National Security Agency, 
including a well-respected four-star general, Timothy Haugh, forced 
out, along with the Agency's general counsel, again at Loomer's behest.
  These are critical posts in one of our most important intelligence 
organizations, vacated not because of misconduct or failure but because 
of the whims of a political provocateur whose public record is filled 
with hate and conspiracies. And don't take my word on these actions. 
Ms. Loomer's own social media feed claims all of these firings and 
dismissals almost as trophies.
  And just a few weeks ago we saw something that I believe should 
trouble every Member of this body, regardless of which party you belong 
to. My staff and I had arranged a visit to the National Geospatial-
Intelligence Agency located in my State of Virginia so that I could go 
ahead and do my constitutional duty of oversight and, in that meeting, 
meet with intelligence professionals who also happened to be my 
constituents. Yet, at the last minute, that visit was blocked--again--
and apparently, as she claimed, by Laura Loomer.
  What does it say about the state of our national security when a 
self-proclaimed White nationalist and Islamophobe with a personal 
vendetta against U.S. Government officials--and, by the way, no 
security clearance, no sworn duty to defend the Constitution--can 
dictate who serves in critical intelligence positions and even prevent 
Members of this Chamber from conducting basic oversight?
  I have to ask again: Why is this administration going to war against 
the very professionals sworn to keep our country safe? Why are decades 
of service and sacrifice being tossed aside?
  Why? Because they think they are still obliged to provide the truth 
and speak truth to power. But, instead, it appears that sometimes those 
truths

[[Page S6716]]

are inconvenient because sometimes their assessments are not what the 
DNI and the President want to hear.
  These safeguards we put in place and the oversight this body 
provides--again, only 17 of us have seen these classified programs--
these safeguards only work if intelligence officers know that they can 
tell the truth without losing their jobs. If analysts who analyze the 
facts and try to come up with conclusions believe their careers will be 
destroyed for offering inconvenient assessments, then we will only get 
intelligence the White House wants.
  Imagine the consequences if our intelligence community is forced to 
spend its time chasing down conspiracy theories instead of monitoring 
terrorist networks, cyber threats, or foreign adversaries. Imagine if 
analysts stop flagging real dangers because they fear political 
retaliation. Imagine if experienced officers walk away from service 
altogether because they know their expertise will be diminished or 
punished. That kind of environment doesn't just weaken our intelligence 
community, it puts every American family at risk.
  Again, this is not some kind of partisan point. Democrats and 
Republicans alike have relied on the intelligence community to keep the 
country safe. Every President, whether they liked what they were 
hearing or not, has depended on accurate, independent analysis to make 
decisions that affect millions of lives.
  That is what makes this current moment so alarming. We are 
dismantling trust in institutions that literally took generations to 
build. We are eroding morale among some of the most dedicated 
professionals in public service. And I fear that we are sending a clear 
message to young officers, whether they are at the CIA or any of the 
other intelligence Agencies: Don't bother building a career in 
intelligence if you plan on telling the truth.
  Meanwhile, these aren't actions in a vacuum. Our adversaries aren't 
slowing down. Cyber attacks, disinformation campaigns, nuclear 
proliferation, terrorist attacks, transnational criminal 
organizations--these threats are real, and they are not going to wait 
for us to get our house in order.
  If we continue to allow politics to dictate what intelligence is 
acceptable, we are effectively flying blind. That is why, again, I urge 
my colleagues on both sides of the aisle: Please, for God's sake, take 
this seriously. We can disagree about policy, but we cannot allow the 
facts themselves to be corrupted.
  The intelligence community must remain independent, professional, and 
committed to the Constitution above all else.
  I have had the opportunity in my tenure on this committee to work 
with a lot of these men and women. I didn't know many of them before I 
was on the Intelligence Committee. They are dedicated professionals. I 
never asked a single one what their party affiliation was. They 
oftentimes put their lives in harm's way and, candidly, never get the 
attention that our military does. They work in secret.
  The truth is, these professionals and the work they do deserve to be 
respected, honored, and listened to because if you corrupt the 
intelligence and bend it to political wills, we have seen constant 
examples of what happens.
  The truth is, the American people deserve nothing less.
  I yield the floor.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Vermont.


                           Government Funding

  Mr. SANDERS. Mr. President, as many Americans know, the current 
budget is going to expire at the end of September, and if an agreement 
is not reached, the government will shut down, which is, frankly, not 
anything that anyone wants. The question that we now have to address is 
how we keep the government open and serve the needs of the American 
people.
  As Americans know, Republicans have a majority in the House and in 
the Senate, and they also control the White House. They run the 
government. Republicans have the responsibility, therefore, to keep the 
government open.
  My understanding is that there will be a vote tomorrow on a 
continuing resolution to fund the government until November 20. In the 
House, a simple majority wins, and I would imagine that, by a very slim 
vote, Republicans will have the votes they need in order to pass their 
resolution.
  In the Senate, however, the rules are different--historically 
different. In order to pass a continuing resolution, it will take a 60-
vote majority to pass. That means that at a time when there are 53 
Members of the Republican caucus and 47 Members of the Democratic 
caucus, it will require bipartisan support. That is what Senate rules 
are about.
  In other words, Republicans will need Democratic and/or Independent 
votes--I am an Independent--in order to keep the government open.
  Bottom line: Republicans will need to negotiate. That is how the 
Senate works, and that is how democracy works.
  Speaking for myself and I believe many millions of Americans, here is 
some of what it will take to get my vote:
  No. 1. Republican leadership, don't take away healthcare from 15 
million Americans by making the largest cut to Medicaid and the 
Affordable Care Act in history.
  No. 2. Republican leadership, don't increase health insurance 
premiums by 75 percent on average for over 20 million Americans who get 
their healthcare through the Affordable Care Act.
  No. 3. Republican leadership, do not undermine modern medicine and 
the health and well-being of our children by rejecting the scientific 
evidence regarding vaccines.
  No. 4. Republican leadership, do not allow our great country to be 
moved toward authoritarianism by putting Federal troops on city streets 
without a request from a Governor or a mayor. Do not have ICE agents 
snatch people off our streets without due process. Do not undermine the 
Constitution of the United States and the rule of law by allowing an 
administration to refuse to spend money appropriated by Congress.
  Let me be more specific. As I think almost every American 
understands, our current healthcare system is dysfunctional, it is 
broken, and it is cruel. At a time when we spend almost twice as much 
per capita on healthcare as any other major country--over $14,000 per 
person--85 million Americans are uninsured or underinsured--85 million 
Americans.
  The Republican continuing resolution in the House does nothing--
nothing--to prevent 15 million Americans from being thrown off the 
healthcare they currently have, as a result of Trump's so-called Big 
Beautiful Bill. In other words, instead of lowering the number of 
uninsured and underinsured, if we do not act, 15 million more Americans 
will be uninsured. We cannot allow that to happen.
  This is a life-and-death issue. Studies have shown that up to 
50,000--50,000--Americans every year will die unnecessarily if we do 
not reverse these cuts.
  So we are talking about here, if we do not act, going from 85 million 
uninsured and underinsured to 100 million uninsured and underinsured. 
Those cuts must be rescinded.
  But it is not just preventing 15 million Americans from losing their 
health insurance; everybody in this country--every businessperson, 
every union worker--knows that the cost of healthcare in this country 
today is astronomically high and unaffordable. I don't care what State 
you are in--people cannot afford healthcare today. Yet, if we do not 
act right now, in this continuing resolution, the Affordable Care Act 
tax credits will expire and premiums will skyrocket by 75 percent on 
average for more than 20 million Americans.
  Let me repeat: Healthcare premiums for 20 million working-class and 
middle-class Americans will go up by 75 percent on average if we do not 
extend those tax credits in this coming legislation.
  Let me say that I wish very good luck to my colleagues, whether they 
are Democrats or Republicans, who want to go home to their constituents 
and explain why healthcare premiums are going up by 75 percent in order 
to pay for $1 trillion in tax breaks for the 1 percent. I do wish you 
the best of luck in trying to explain that one. I do not intend to.
  Further, let me be clear: Vaccines work--not exactly a controversial 
statement. It is a statement supported

[[Page S6717]]

by every major medical organization in the United States and around the 
world. Vaccines are safe, they are effective, and they have saved 
millions of lives in our country and tens of millions of lives 
worldwide. In fact, vaccines are one of the greatest public health 
achievements in modern history.
  At a time when the Secretary of Health and Human Services has 
dismantled the vaccine review process, narrowed access to lifesaving 
COVID vaccines, fired leading public health experts, and filled 
scientific advisory boards with conspiracy theorists and ideologues, we 
must stand with the scientific and medical communities and rescind 
Secretary Kennedy's dangerous policies.
  This is not about politics. It doesn't matter whether you are 
Republican, Democrat, or Independent. We are talking about protecting 
our children from polio, measles, whooping cough, and other preventable 
diseases.
  The American people, slowly but surely, are catching on. No matter 
what their political view may be--Democrat, Republican, Independent--
they understand that our current economic system is rigged. They 
understand that the very richest people in this country are becoming 
much richer, while 60 percent of Americans are living paycheck to 
paycheck and millions of people are trying to survive on starvation 
wages.
  The American people understand that while billionaires are getting 
huge tax breaks, they are finding it harder and harder to afford 
healthcare, to pay the rent or their mortgages, to afford childcare, to 
be able to send their kids to college, to pay for the prescription 
drugs their doctors prescribe, or to buy decent quality food for their 
kids.
  The American people understand--painfully and depressingly--that 
unless we change the way the economy functions, their kids will likely 
have a lower standard of living than they do. In the richest country in 
the history of the world, it is likely that the younger generation will 
have a lower standard of living than their parents, while almost all 
new incoming wealth goes to the people on the top.
  Today, we have more income and wealth inequality than we have ever 
had in the history of the United States. Today, we have one man, Mr. 
Musk, who owns more wealth--if you can believe it--than the bottom 52 
percent of American households--one man, more wealth than the bottom 52 
percent of American households. And, by the way, he is on his way, it 
appears, to become a trillionaire--even richer and richer.
  Today, the top 1 percent owns more wealth than the bottom 93 
percent--top 1 percent, more wealth than the bottom 93 percent. And the 
CEOs of major corporations now earn over 350 times what their average 
employees make.
  While the billionaire class becomes richer and richer, real inflation 
accounted for weekly wages that are lower today than they were 52 years 
ago--huge expansion of worker productivity, and yet the average worker, 
in many cases, is worse off than he or she was 52 years ago.
  Enough is enough. At a time of massive income and wealth inequality, 
it is insane to be giving a trillion dollars in tax breaks to the top 1 
percent. If President Trump and the Republican leadership want my vote, 
they will have to rescind that tax break for their oligarchic friends.
  Our country today faces not only major economic crises, we are 
looking at extraordinarily threatening--a threatening moment to our 
democratic form of government. Frankly, we now have a President of the 
United States who does not believe in our Constitution and the 
separation of powers; who does not believe in freedom of speech and the 
right to dissent; who is moving us, every day, toward an authoritarian 
form of government with more and more power into his own hands.
  Too many Americans from my State of Vermont and every other State in 
this country have put their lives on the line and sometimes died in 
order to defend democracy and our way of life: the right of people to 
live without fear, the right of people to express their point of view--
no matter what it may be. You disagree with me, that is great. That is 
called American democracy--the right of people to vote without 
intimidation.
  Today, in an unprecedented way, we have Federal troops in cities in 
America who have not been requested by a governor or a mayor. Today in 
America, we have people who are being snatched off the streets--taken 
right off the streets or out of their workplaces--by masked Federal 
agents, thrown into vans, and dispatched to detention centers without 
due process. Does anybody think that that is what America is supposed 
to be about--somebody walking down the street, getting picked up by 
masked men, thrown into a van, and taken God knows where? Today, we 
have a President sending some of these people to South Sudan, Uganda, 
El Salvador--we don't know where. People have no relationship to the 
country they are being sent. Imagine being plucked off the street, sent 
to South Sudan, country in the middle of a civil war, virtually no 
government. That is not acceptable. That is not what our great country 
is supposed to be about.
  These undemocratic, unconstitutional policies must be rescinded. The 
movement toward authoritarianism in this country must be ended.
  In this very difficult moment in American history, let us stand with 
the American people and listen to their needs. Let us not throw 15 
million working-class people off of the healthcare that they have so 
that 50,000 people a year die unnecessarily. We cannot allow that to 
happen.
  Let us not raise healthcare premiums by 75 percent for 20 million 
Americans. People can't afford healthcare today. What happens when your 
premiums go up by 75 percent? Let us not endanger the children of this 
country by undermining modern medicine and making it more difficult for 
people to get the vaccines they require.
  And at a time of massive income and wealth inequality, let us not 
give a trillion dollars in tax breaks to the top 1 percent.
  And, lastly, as we observe growing authoritarianism every single day, 
as we see more and more disrespect for the great Constitution of our 
country--which has made us an example to the entire world--let us--
Republican, Democrat, Independent--let us stand together and save 
American democracy.
  If the Republican leadership does those things, you have got my vote.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Rhode Island.


                 Unanimous Consent Request--S. Res. 404

  Mr. WHITEHOUSE. Mr. President, in the Republican ``Beautiful For 
Billionaires'' bill that Senator Sanders was just referring to, there 
were a great many dirty tricks tucked in there to hurt people and make 
billionaires wealthier and happier and more free to pollute.
  Of all the dirty tricks in that bill, perhaps the trickiest was the 
one that was so hidden that it wasn't even mentioned in the bill, and 
that is, about a half-trillion dollars in cuts to Medicare.
  We have heard a lot about the trillion dollars in cuts to Medicaid. 
But without ever mentioning it, the Republican ``Beautiful For 
Billionaires'' bill will cut Medicare by half a trillion dollars, give 
or take.
  How does it do that? It does that by adding $4.1 trillion to the 
deficit--one bill, one act of Congress, $4.1 trillion piled on our 
national debt.
  There is another law that exists on the statute books of the United 
States of America, the Statutory Pay-As-You-Go Act. What does that do? 
It requires a look at bills that create enormous additions to our 
national debt. And to protect our fisc, it requires mandatory cuts to 
other accounts.
  That is supposed to discourage running up the debt by trillions in 
the first place, and it is supposed to remedy that defect with 
automatic cuts.
  Guess what is lined up for automatic cuts under the Statutory Pay-As-
You-Go Act? Yep, Medicare. The same Medicare that we saw that huge 
demonstration from Republicans about during President Biden's State of 
the Union speech when he said Republicans want to cut Medicare, and 
they rose in ire and anger to say: No, that is not possibly true. And 
he said: Oh, I think we have unanimity here. I think we have agreement: 
no cuts to Medicare.
  Well, that didn't last long. The cuts to Medicare just had to be well 
hidden, and that is what this bill does.
  We have asked the Congressional Budget Office what it means. How big 
will the cuts be? When will they take place?

[[Page S6718]]

  Well, here is the outcome: Given the magnitude of this massive 
increase, it will create a $45 billion cut to Medicare in 2026--next 
year. Next year, $45 billion cut to Medicare.
  Unfortunately, it is not a one-time thing. It is going to keep going. 
In the following year, it goes up and up. By 2034, the end of the 10-
year budget window that we work in, the annual cut to Medicare will be 
$76 billion.
  If you stack up all those cuts year after year to Medicare, starting 
in 2026 and going through 2034, the total cut to Medicare from the 
``Beautiful For Billionaires'' bill is $491 billion. That is where I 
get half a trillion from. I am rounding the $491 billion number CBO 
gave us for the total hit to Medicare done by Republicans in their 
``Beautiful For Billionaires'' bill.
  To head this off, we are going to have to pass legislation that 
exempts Medicare from those coming PAYGO cuts that are going to happen 
automatically by operation of law unless we take that step.
  Now, Republicans could have, at the time, put a simple provision in 
their ``Beautiful For Billionaires'' bill saying: For purposes of this 
bill, Medicare is exempted from the PAYGO Program.
  It could have protected, with very simple language, against a looming 
half-trillion-dollar cut to Medicare. They chose not to. They chose not 
to.
  The question is, Was that an oversight or is this a trick to try to 
tee up cuts to Medicare that they don't have to own? Well, here is a 
clue as to whether that was a trick or an oversight: On the other side 
of this building, over at the House of Representatives, the Republican-
controlled House is sending over a continuing resolution to fund the 
government. They could have put this correction in that bill. They 
could have added a simple line saying that when it comes to Medicare 
and the huge addition to the debt from our ``Beautiful for 
Billionaire's'' bill, pay-go sequestration will be lifted. Again, they 
chose not to do that.
  The American public might not be familiar with sequestration and 
automatic cuts and how all that works, but I will tell you what--people 
around here are. Lots of people around here know very well that when 
you dump $4 trillion-plus onto the national debt, it is going to 
cascade into cuts to these other accounts, and those other accounts 
include Medicare.
  So to plead innocence about this not being the intention all along is 
completely unsupportable. To say that it was just an innocent oversight 
in the ``Beautiful for Billionaire's'' bill is unsupportable. And now, 
with the continuing resolution coming over from the House, we have more 
proof that this is a deliberate cut targeted at Medicare done 
exclusively by House and Senate Republicans.
  I want to focus on protecting Medicare. I have a Medicare and Social 
Security Fair Share Act that would require people with incomes over 
$400,000 to pony up equivalent to what regular workers pay on the 
higher part of their salary. That would protect benefits and Medicare 
as far as the eye can see--as far as the actuarial eye can see--for 
Medicare and Social Security.
  I want to put everybody here on record that we need to undo the 
looming half-trillion-dollar cut to Social Security before it starts to 
hit families in Rhode Island and elsewhere around the country.
  To that end, as if in legislative session and notwithstanding rule 
XXII, I ask unanimous consent that the Senate proceed to the 
consideration of my resolution, S. Res. 404, submitted earlier today; 
that the resolution be agreed to; that its preamble be agreed to; and 
that the motions to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the 
table with no intervening action or debate.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there objection?
  The majority whip.
  Mr. BARRASSO. On behalf of the chairman of the Budget Committee, I 
object.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objection is heard.
  The Senator from Rhode Island.
  Mr. WHITEHOUSE. Mr. President, there we are.
  I yield the floor.
  I suggest the absence of a quorum.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll.
  The legislative clerk proceeded to call the roll.
  Mr. MARKEY. Madam President, I ask unanimous consent that the order 
for the quorum call be rescinded.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mrs. MOODY). Without objection, it is so 
ordered.


                 Unanimous Consent Request--S. Res. 407

  Mr. MARKEY. Madam President, the First Amendment is the beating heart 
of our democracy. It protects the right of Americans to speak freely, 
to criticize their leaders, and to entertain and inform without fear of 
government reprisal. The Framers did not write an exception for late-
night comedians or for political satire. They did not carve out an 
exemption for monologues that offend those in power. The principle is 
clear: In America, the government does not get to decide which jokes 
are permissible and which criticisms are punished.
  Yet, yesterday, we saw a shocking breach of this constitutional 
order. Brendan Carr, the Chairman of the Federal Communications 
Commission, went on a partisan podcast and threatened ABC, the American 
Broadcasting Company, and its parent company, Disney, over a joke told 
by comedian Jimmy Kimmel. Carr called Kimmel's comments the ``sickest 
conduct possible'' and suggested revoking the broadcast licenses of ABC 
affiliates.
  He then delivered a line toward ABC and Disney. It sounded like 
something out of ``The Godfather.'' He said:

       We can do this the easy way or [we can do it] the hard way.

  Let me say that line again:

       We can do this the easy way or [we can do it] the hard way.

  That is not oversight; that is intimidation. That is not regulation; 
that is retaliation. That is ``The Godfather'' giving Disney an offer 
they can't refuse from the Chairman of the Federal Communications 
Commission. That is the language that mobsters use to shake people 
down, and it came from the mouth of the FCC Chairman of the Federal 
Government, with vast legal authority to punish Disney and ABC and 
their affiliates.
  The chilling effect was immediate. Within hours, Disney and ABC 
indefinitely suspended Jimmy Kimmel from the air. A comedian was 
silenced because a government regulator, the Chairman of the Federal 
Communications Commission, flexed his authority.
  This is not an isolated slip of the tongue; it is part of a broader 
pattern by the Federal Communications Commission under Brendan Carr's 
leadership. Over and over again, he has used his office to attack and 
undermine journalists and broadcasters and news organizations that dare 
to speak in ways which he personally dislikes. He has threatened media 
companies with investigations for their editorial choices. He has 
amplified partisan attacks on reporters who cover him critically. He 
has turned the FCC into the ``Federal Censorship Commission,'' with his 
being the censor in chief.
  These are not the actions of an independent regulator; they are the 
actions of a partisan censor. And make no mistake, if left unchecked, 
this campaign will not stop with ABC or with Disney. Every newsroom, 
every broadcaster, every local affiliate will hear the message loud and 
clear: Criticize the people in power, and you risk your license, your 
livelihood, your very ability to operate.
  That conversation is taking place in newsrooms all across our country 
today. Look what happened to Disney. Look what happened to ABC. Be 
afraid. Don't think that the First Amendment protects you anymore. 
Don't think that you have a right to speak what your opinion is.
  The FCC was created to ensure that the public airwaves--our shared 
national resource--are used in the public interest. It was not created 
to dictate what late-night hosts may joke about. It was not created to 
punish networks for broadcasting opinions that government officials 
dislike. It was not created to be the speech police for the United 
States of America.
  The Chairman of the Federal Communications Commission, sitting in his 
office, watching TV, saying ``I don't like that. I am taking away their 
license,'' is not what the Federal Communications Commission was 
established to do in our country. Yet Chairman Brendan Carr has 
pretended otherwise. He has distorted the FCC's mandate to serve his 
own partisan ends. Instead of acting in the public interest,

[[Page S6719]]

he is trying to force broadcasters to act in Donald Trump's interest. 
If you say something that Donald Trump doesn't like, we will take away 
your license. We won't allow you to be a broadcaster anymore. We will 
fine you.
  He should know better. It was not too long ago, before he was 
Chairman, when Brendan Carr was singing a completely different tune. He 
actually condemned perceived attempts by ``government officials to 
silence political speech that they don't like.'' That is the old 
Brendan Carr. He defended talk show hosts, saying:

       From internet memes to late-night comedians, from cartoons 
     to the plays and poems as old as organized government itself, 
     Political Satire circumvents traditional gatekeepers and 
     helps hold those in power accountable. Not surprising that 
     it's long been targeted for censorship.

  Did I say that? No. Brendan Carr said that--Brendan Carr. But this is 
a different guy now. He just got a job in the Trump administration, so 
he is bending the knee to Donald Trump on all of these issues, because, 
then, he rightfully defended the First Amendment. He said:

       Free speech is not a threat to democracy--censorship is [a 
     threat to democracy].

  Chairman Carr has betrayed those principles, and he should resign. He 
is not fit to be the Chair of the Federal Communications Commission. He 
is using it now to intimidate people whom he considers to be political 
enemies of Donald Trump. That is not his job.
  But that is not enough. The Senate must speak with one voice in 
rejecting his unconstitutional actions.
  The resolution I bring before this Chamber today condemns Brendan 
Carr for weaponizing government power against Disney and ABC. It 
affirms that the Federal Communications Commission does not and must 
not have the authority to punish broadcasters for the content of their 
programming. It declares that no American--whether a comedian, a 
journalist, an ordinary citizen--should ever have to fear government 
retaliation for speaking their mind. And it doesn't make any difference 
whether you are a Democrat or Republican, whether a Democrat doesn't 
like what a Republican said, whether a Republican doesn't like what a 
Democrat said.
  We have to stand for the Constitution, not for censorship, to stand 
for freedom and not intimidation, to stand for a free press, not a 
government-controlled press.
  Chairman Carr has shown himself unwilling and unable to uphold the 
responsibilities of his office, but the Senate can still uphold our 
responsibilities to the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution--the 
First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, the one they put up first 
because they knew that free speech and freedom of the press was what 
ultimately would protect the democracy against dictators and Kings and 
those who would subvert our Constitution to their own individual whims.
  By passing this resolution, we can make clear that the First 
Amendment is not negotiable; it is not partisan; it is not subject to 
the whims of a single regulator.
  From my perspective, again, the First Amendment is the beating heart 
of our democracy. It protects the right of Americans to speak freely, 
to criticize their leaders of both parties, and to entertain and inform 
without fear of government reprisal.
  So, Madam President, as if in legislative session and notwithstanding 
rule XXII, I ask unanimous consent that the Senate proceed to the 
consideration of S. Res. 407, submitted earlier today; and, further, 
that the resolution be agreed to, the preamble be agreed to, and the 
motions to reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table with 
no intervening action or debate.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there objection?
  The Senator from Oklahoma.
  Mr. MULLIN. I object.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The objection is heard.
  The Senator from Massachusetts.
  Mr. MARKEY. Madam President, I suggest the absence of a quorum.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll.
  Mr. LANKFORD. Madam President, I ask unanimous consent that the order 
for the quorum call be rescinded.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.


                          Vote on S. Res. 377

  Mr. LANKFORD. Madam President, I know of no further debate.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there further debate?
  If not, the question is, Will the Senate advise and consent to the en 
bloc nominations provided under the provisions of S. Res. 377?
  Mr. HEINRICH. I ask for the yeas and nays.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there a sufficient second?
  There appears to be a sufficient second.
  The clerk will call the roll.
  The senior assistant legislative clerk called the roll.
  Mr. BARRASSO. The following Senators are necessarily absent: the 
Senator from Indiana (Mr. Banks) and the Senator from Utah (Mr. Lee).
  The result was announced--yeas 51, nays 47, as follows:

                      [Rollcall Vote No. 526 Ex.]

                                YEAS--51

     Barrasso
     Blackburn
     Boozman
     Britt
     Budd
     Capito
     Cassidy
     Collins
     Cornyn
     Cotton
     Cramer
     Crapo
     Cruz
     Curtis
     Daines
     Ernst
     Fischer
     Graham
     Grassley
     Hagerty
     Hawley
     Hoeven
     Husted
     Hyde-Smith
     Johnson
     Justice
     Kennedy
     Lankford
     Lummis
     Marshall
     McConnell
     McCormick
     Moody
     Moran
     Moreno
     Mullin
     Murkowski
     Paul
     Ricketts
     Risch
     Rounds
     Schmitt
     Scott (FL)
     Scott (SC)
     Sheehy
     Sullivan
     Thune
     Tillis
     Tuberville
     Wicker
     Young

                                NAYS--47

     Alsobrooks
     Baldwin
     Bennet
     Blumenthal
     Blunt Rochester
     Booker
     Cantwell
     Coons
     Cortez Masto
     Duckworth
     Durbin
     Fetterman
     Gallego
     Gillibrand
     Hassan
     Heinrich
     Hickenlooper
     Hirono
     Kaine
     Kelly
     Kim
     King
     Klobuchar
     Lujan
     Markey
     Merkley
     Murphy
     Murray
     Ossoff
     Padilla
     Peters
     Reed
     Rosen
     Sanders
     Schatz
     Schiff
     Schumer
     Shaheen
     Slotkin
     Smith
     Van Hollen
     Warner
     Warnock
     Warren
     Welch
     Whitehouse
     Wyden

                             NOT VOTING--2

     Banks
     Lee
       
  The en bloc nominations provided under the provisions of S. Res. 377 
were confirmed, as follows:

       Executive Calendar No. 89, Jessica Kramer, of Wisconsin, to 
     be an Assistant Administrator of the Environmental Protection 
     Agency
       Executive Calendar No. 105, Dario Gil, of New York, to be 
     Under Secretary for Science, Department of Energy
       Executive Calendar No. 107, Brandon Williams, of New York, 
     to be Under Secretary for Nuclear Security
       Executive Calendar No. 121, Tristan Abbey, of Florida, to 
     be Administrator of the Energy Information Administration
       Executive Calendar No. 122, Leslie Beyer, of Texas, to be 
     an Assistant Secretary of the Interior
       Executive Calendar No. 123, Theodore J. Garrish, of 
     Maryland, to be an Assistant Secretary of Energy (Nuclear 
     Energy)
       Executive Calendar No. 124, Andrea Travnicek, of North 
     Dakota, to be an Assistant Secretary of the Interior
       Executive Calendar No. 132, Justin Overbaugh, of Florida, 
     to be a Deputy Under Secretary of Defense
       Executive Calendar No. 133, Scott Pappano, of Pennsylvania, 
     to be Principal Deputy Administrator, National Nuclear 
     Security Administration
       Executive Calendar No. 135, Michael Cadenazzi, of Rhode 
     Island, to be an Assistant Secretary of Defense
       Executive Calendar No. 136, Sean O'Keefe, of Virginia, to 
     be a Deputy Under Secretary of Defense
       Executive Calendar No. 137, Michael Obadal, of Virginia, to 
     be Under Secretary of the Army
       Executive Calendar No. 139, Katherine Sutton, of Illinois, 
     to be an Assistant Secretary of Defense
       Executive Calendar No. 141, William L. Doffermyre, of 
     Texas, to be Solicitor of the Department of the Interior
       Executive Calendar No. 142, Kyle Haustveit, of Oklahoma, to 
     be an Assistant Secretary of Energy (Fossil Energy)
       Executive Calendar No. 152, Matthew Napoli, of Virginia, to 
     be Deputy Administrator for Defense Nuclear Nonproliferation, 
     National Nuclear Security Administration
       Executive Calendar No. 153, Richard Anderson, of Virginia, 
     to be an Assistant Secretary of the Air Force
       Executive Calendar No. 154, Conner Prochaska, of Texas, to 
     be Director of the Advanced Research Projects Agency--Energy, 
     Department of Energy
       Executive Calendar No. 156, Tina Pierce, of Idaho, to be 
     Chief Financial Officer, Department of Energy

[[Page S6720]]

       Executive Calendar No. 157, Jonathan Brightbill, of 
     Virginia, to be General Counsel of the Department of Energy
       Executive Calendar No. 161, Robert Gleason, of 
     Pennsylvania, to be Director of the Amtrak Board of Directors 
     for a term of 5 years
       Executive Calendar No. 177, Sean McMaster, of Virginia, to 
     be Administrator of the Federal Highway Administration
       Executive Calendar No. 180, Donald Bergin III, of Virginia, 
     to be an Assistant Secretary of Veterans Affairs 
     (Congressional and Legislative Affairs)
       Executive Calendar No. 185, John Squires, of Florida, to be 
     Under Secretary of Commerce for Intellectual Property and 
     Director of the United States Patent and Trademark Office
       Executive Calendar No. 251, Daniel Aronowitz, of Virginia, 
     to be an Assistant Secretary of Labor
       Executive Calendar No. 276, Michael Dodd, of Indiana, to be 
     an Assistant Secretary of Defense (New Position)
       Executive Calendar No. 277, William Gillis, of Virginia, to 
     be an Assistant Secretary of the Army
       Executive Calendar No. 278, Jules Hurst III, of Virginia, 
     to be an Assistant Secretary of the Army
       Executive Calendar No. 279, Brent Ingraham, of Virginia, to 
     be an Assistant Secretary of the Army
       Executive Calendar No. 283, George Wesley Street, of 
     Virginia, to be Director of the National Counterintelligence 
     and Security Center
       Executive Calendar No. 285, Peter Thomson, of Louisiana, to 
     be Inspector General, Central Intelligence Agency
       Executive Calendar No. 289, Jeffrey Bartos, of 
     Pennsylvania, to be Representative of the United States of 
     America to the United Nations for U.N. Management and Reform, 
     with the Rank of Ambassador, and to serve concurrently and 
     without additional compensation as an Alternate 
     Representative of the United States of America to the 
     Sessions of the General Assembly of the United Nations
       Executive Calendar No. 290, Jennifer Locetta, of Florida, 
     to be Alternate Representative of the United States of 
     America for Special Political Affairs in the United Nations, 
     with the rank of Ambassador, and to serve concurrently and 
     without additional compensation as an Alternate 
     Representative of the United States of America to the 
     Sessions of the General Assembly of the United Nations
       Executive Calendar No. 297, Dudley Hoskins, of the District 
     of Columbia, to be Under Secretary of Agriculture for 
     Marketing and Regulatory Programs
       Executive Calendar No. 298, Scott Hutchins, of Indiana, to 
     be Under Secretary of Agriculture for Research, Education, 
     and Economics
       Executive Calendar No. 303, Benjamin DeMarzo, of Virginia, 
     to be an Assistant Secretary of Housing and Urban Development
       Executive Calendar No. 305, Jovan Jovanovic, of 
     Pennsylvania, to be President of the Export-Import Bank of 
     the United States for a term expiring January 20, 2029
       Executive Calendar No. 324, Richard Fordyce, of Missouri, 
     to be Under Secretary of Agriculture for Farm Production and 
     Conservation
       Executive Calendar No. 344, Paul Roberti, of Rhode Island, 
     to be Administrator of the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials 
     Safety Administration, Department of Transportation
       Executive Calendar No. 346, Jonathan Morrison, of 
     California, to be Administrator of the National Highway 
     Traffic Safety Administration
       Executive Calendar No. 352, Jason Evans, of Texas, to be an 
     Under Secretary of State (Management)
       Executive Calendar No. 356, Edward Aloysius O'Connell, of 
     the District of Columbia, to be an Associate Judge of the 
     Superior Court of the District of Columbia for the term of 15 
     years
       Executive Calendar No. 362, Katherine Scarlett, of Ohio, to 
     be a Member of the Council on Environmental Quality
       Executive Calendar No. 365, Bryan Switzer, of Virginia, to 
     be a Deputy United States Trade Representative (Asia, 
     Textiles, Investment, Services, and Intellectual Property), 
     with the rank of Ambassador
       Executive Calendar No. 149, Callista Gingrich, of Florida, 
     to be Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the 
     United States of America to the Swiss Confederation, and to 
     serve concurrently and without additional compensation as 
     Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the United 
     States of America to the Principality of Liechtenstein
       Executive Calendar No. 286, Kimberly Guilfoyle, of Florida, 
     to be Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the 
     United States of America to Greece
       Executive Calendar No. 302, Christine Toretti, of 
     Pennsylvania, to be Ambassador Extraordinary and 
     Plenipotentiary of the United States of America to the 
     Kingdom of Sweden
       Executive Calendar No. 350, Peter Lamelas, of Florida, to 
     be Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the United 
     States of America to the Argentine Republic

  The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Husted). The Senator from Texas.

                          ____________________