[Congressional Record Volume 171, Number 151 (Tuesday, September 16, 2025)]
[House]
[Pages H4333-H4339]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




       DC CRIMINAL REFORMS TO IMMEDIATELY MAKE EVERYONE SAFE ACT

  Mr. COMER. Mr. Speaker, pursuant to House Resolution 707, I call up 
the bill (H.R. 4922) to limit youth offender status in the District of 
Columbia to individuals 18 years of age or younger, to direct the 
Attorney General of the District of Columbia to establish and operate a 
publicly accessible website containing updated statistics on juvenile 
crime in the District of Columbia, to amend the District of Columbia 
Home Rule Act to prohibit the Council of the District of Columbia from 
enacting changes to existing criminal liability sentences, and for 
other purposes, and ask for its immediate consideration.
  The Clerk read the title of the bill.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Tiffany). Pursuant to House Resolution 
707, the amendment in the nature of a substitute consisting of the text 
of Rules Committee Print 119-10 is adopted and the bill, as amended, is 
considered read.
  The text of the bill, as amended, is as follows:

                               H.R. 4922

     Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 
     the United States of America in Congress assembled,

     SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

       This Act may be cited as the ``D.C. Criminal Reforms to 
     Immediately Make Everyone Safe Act of 2025'' or the ``DC 
     CRIMES Act of 2025''.

     SEC. 2. YOUTH OFFENDERS.

       (a) Limiting Youth Offender Status in District of Columbia 
     to Individuals Under 18 Years of Age.--
       (1) Limitation.--Section 2(6) of the Youth Rehabilitation 
     Act of 1985 (sec. 24-901(6), D.C. Official Code) is amended 
     by striking ``24 years of age or younger'' and inserting 
     ``under 18 years of age''.
       (2) Conforming amendments.--
       (A) Repeal of consideration of individuals 18 through 24 
     years of age in strategic plan for facilities, treatment, and 
     services.--Section 3(a-1) of such Act (sec. 24-902(a-1), D.C. 
     Official Code) is amended by striking paragraph (3).
       (B) Community service for individuals under order of 
     probation.--Section 4(a)(2) of such Act (sec. 24-903(a)(2), 
     D.C. Official Code) is amended by striking ``15 to 24 years 
     of age'' and inserting ``15 to 18 years of age''.
       (b) Prohibiting Issuance of Sentence Less Than Mandatory-
     minimum Term.--Section 4(b) of such Act (sec. 24-903(b), D.C. 
     Official Code) is amended--
       (1) by striking ``(b)(1)'' and inserting ``(b)'';
       (2) by striking paragraph (2); and
       (3) by redesignating paragraph (3) as paragraph (2).

     SEC. 3. ESTABLISHMENT AND OPERATION OF WEBSITE ON DISTRICT OF 
                   COLUMBIA JUVENILE CRIME STATISTICS.

       (a) Establishment and Operation.--Subchapter I of chapter 
     23 of title 16, District of Columbia Official Code, is 
     amended by adding at the end the following new section:

     ``Sec. 16-2340a. Website of updated statistics on juvenile 
       crime

       ``(a) Establishment and Operation of Website.--The Attorney 
     General of the District of Columbia shall establish and 
     operate a publicly accessible website which contains data on 
     juvenile crime in the District of Columbia, including each of 
     the following statistical measures:
       ``(1) The total number of juveniles arrested each year.
       ``(2) The total number and percentage of juveniles arrested 
     each year, broken down by age, race, and sex.
       ``(3) Of the total number of juveniles arrested each year, 
     the total number and percentage arrested for petty crime, 
     including the following crimes:
       ``(A) Vandalism.
       ``(B) Theft.
       ``(C) Shoplifting.
       ``(4) Of the total number of juveniles arrested each year, 
     the total number and percentage arrested for crime of 
     violence (as defined in section 23-1331(4)).
       ``(5) Of the total number of juveniles arrested each year, 
     the total number and percentage who were arrested for their 
     first offense.
       ``(6) Of the total number of juveniles arrested each year, 
     the total number and percentage who had been arrested 
     previously.
       ``(7) Of the total number of juveniles arrested each year 
     who had been arrested previously, the total number and 
     percentage of the number of arrests.
       ``(8) Of the total number of juveniles arrested each year, 
     the declination rate for prosecutions by the Office of the 
     Attorney General for the District of Columbia.
       ``(9) Of the total number of juveniles sentenced each year, 
     the number and percentage who were tried as adults.
       ``(10) Of the total number of juveniles prosecuted each 
     year, the number and percentage who were not sentenced, who 
     were sentenced to a misdemeanor, and who were sentenced to a 
     felony.
       ``(11) Of the total number of juveniles sentenced each 
     year, the number and percentage of the length of time that 
     will be served in a correctional facility as provided by the 
     sentence.
       ``(b) Updates.--The Attorney General shall update the 
     information contained on the website on a monthly basis.
       ``(c) Maintaining Archive of Information.--The Attorney 
     General shall ensure that the information contained on the 
     website is archived appropriately to provide indefinite 
     public access to historical data of juvenile arrests and 
     prosecutions.
       ``(d) Format.--The Attorney General shall ensure that the 
     information contained in the website, including historical 
     data described in subsection (c), is available in a machine-
     readable format available for bulk download.
       ``(e) Prohibiting Disclosure of Personally Identifiable 
     Information.--In carrying out this section, the Attorney 
     General shall ensure that the website does not include any 
     juvenile's personally identifiable information.
       ``(f) Definitions.--In this section--
       ``(1) the term `crime' has the meaning given the term 
     `offense' in section 23-1331(2); and
       ``(2) the term `juvenile' has the meaning given the term 
     `youth offender' in section 2(6) of the Youth Rehabilitation 
     Act of 1985 (sec. 24-901(6), D.C. Official Code).''.
       (b) Conforming Amendments Relating to Authorized Release of 
     Information.--
       (1) Juvenile case records of family court.--Section 16-
     2331, District of Columbia Official Code, is amended--
       (A) by redesignating subsection (i) as subsection (j); and
       (B) by inserting after subsection (h-2) the following new 
     subsection:
       ``(i) Notwithstanding subsection (b) of this section, a 
     person shall provide information contained in juvenile case 
     records to the Attorney General for purposes of the website 
     established and operated under section 16-2340a.''.
       (2) Juvenile social records of family court.--Section 16-
     2332, District of Columbia Official Code, is amended--
       (A) by redesignating subsection (h) as subsection (i); and
       (B) by inserting after subsection (g) the following new 
     subsection:
       ``(h) Notwithstanding subsection (b) of this section, a 
     person shall provide information contained in juvenile social 
     records to the Attorney General for purposes of the website 
     established and operated under section 16-2340a.''.
       (3) Police and other law enforcement records.--Section 16-
     2333, District of Columbia Official Code, is amended--
       (A) by redesignating subsection (g) as subsection (h); and
       (B) by inserting after subsection (f) the following new 
     subsection:
       ``(g) Notwithstanding subsection (a) of this section, a 
     person shall provide information contained in law enforcement 
     records and files concerning a child to the Attorney General 
     for purposes of the website established and operated under 
     section 16-2340a.''.
       (c) Effective Date.--The Attorney General of the District 
     of Columbia shall establish the website under section 16-
     2341, District of Columbia Official Code, as added by 
     subsection (a), not later than 180 days after the date of the 
     enactment of this Act.

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The bill, as amended, shall be debatable for 
1 hour equally divided and controlled by the chair and ranking minority 
member of the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform or their 
respective designees.
  The gentleman from Kentucky (Mr. Comer) and the gentleman from 
California (Mr. Garcia) each will control 30 minutes.
  The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Kentucky.


                             General Leave

  Mr. COMER. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that all Members may 
have 5 legislative days to revise and extend their remarks and include 
extraneous material on the measure under consideration.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the 
gentleman from Kentucky?
  There was no objection.
  Mr. COMER. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may consume.
  Mr. Speaker, I support H.R. 4922, a bill providing commonsense 
reforms to the District of Columbia criminal code.
  It is clear to Members of the committee and the public that D.C.'s 
soft-on-crime policies have failed to keep D.C. residents and visitors 
safe.

[[Page H4334]]

  The DC CRIMES Act overturns targeted portions of the D.C. Council's 
Youth Rehabilitation Act by amending the definition of a ``youth 
offender'' from a person under the age of 25 to under the age of 18.
  Let me emphasize Washington, D.C.'s current law. Currently, D.C. code 
allows a criminal under the age of 25 to be given the same leniency 
that is afforded to minors. This bill requires that we treat adult 
criminals as adults, like the rest of the country. It also removes 
judicial discretion to sentence youth offenders under the minimum 
sentencing structures in place.
  Our Capital cannot continue to let criminals freely roam the streets 
and expect this crime crisis to end.
  As juvenile crime soars in the District, the bill also requires the 
D.C. Attorney General to create a publicly available website that 
better tracks juvenile crime data. This data will inform Congress, the 
District's elected officials, the Metropolitan Police Department, the 
public, and others of the severity of juvenile crimes in the city.
  Citizens of D.C. and visitors to our Nation's Capital deserve to feel 
safe.
  Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman from Florida (Mr. Donalds) for 
leading this effort again in this Congress, and I encourage my 
colleagues to join me in supporting this legislation.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. GARCIA of California. Mr. Speaker, we are considering today the 
first of four bills which represent a serious violation of the rights 
of Washington, D.C., and the democratic process.
  Mr. Speaker, we know that D.C. has more residents than two States; 
D.C. taxpayers pay more Federal taxes per capita than any State; and 
D.C., as a whole, contributes more Federal taxes than 12 States. There 
are over 700,000 active residents here who deserve a voice.
  D.C.'s government is accountable to the people who live here, and 
local leaders should and are empowered to solve local problems without 
Congress interfering.
  Mr. Speaker, I have said this many times: If Donald Trump wants to 
run D.C., he should resign as President and run for Mayor. If my 
colleagues here want to legislate for D.C., there are plenty of 
opportunities to run for the D.C. Council.
  Mr. Speaker, I was a mayor of my city for 8 years before I came to 
Congress, and I love local government. A lot can get done and 
accomplished. Yet, let's not sit here in Congress and pretend to be a 
super city council, imposing our pet policies on residents who reject 
this agenda.

                              {time}  1510

  Now, the bill before us right now is the so-called DC CRIMES Act. 
This bill will impose longer sentences on young people who commit 
crimes.
  How does it do this?
  It eliminates the ability for judges to make the best sentencing 
decisions for young adults. It will lead to worse outcomes, more 
reoffenders, and less safety.
  Now, let's be clear: This bill is not about making anyone safer or 
D.C. safer. It is about stripping decisionmaking away from the people 
and the judges of D.C., and instead handing the power of judges over to 
politicians in this room who don't live here, who don't vote here, and 
certainly don't answer to D.C. residents.
  This bill amends D.C.'s Youth Rehabilitation Act, or the YRA as it is 
known.
  Now, the YRA is not radical. It has been in place since 1985, and it 
actually mirrors laws in States like Florida and Michigan. Its purpose 
is simple: to give judges discretion in sentencing young adults.
  Now, judges can punish some young people, when appropriate, in ways 
that reduce their risk of reoffending, but this bill would rip away 
discretion.
  It eliminates a judge's ability to waive mandatory minimums, even 
when the facts show a one-size-fits-all sentence makes no sense.
  Judges, not politicians, should decide sentences. Now, individuals 
whose convictions are set aside under the YRA are less likely to 
reoffend. That means the law works, and it keeps communities safer.
  Now, we also know that in nearly 80 percent of cases, judges impose a 
mandatory minimum sentence anyway. These waivers are rarely granted and 
only when a judge determines it is appropriate. This bill is an 
undemocratic attack on D.C., its residents, and is also just bad 
policy.
  Now, Republicans in the majority claim D.C.'s policies are too soft, 
but we know that the sponsor of this bill is also from Florida, which 
has allowed judges to waive mandatory minimums for decades.
  Florida even caps youth offender sentences at 6 years, something 
D.C., by the way, has never done. Let's be clear: We can all agree that 
violent crime has no place in our communities. People are rightly 
concerned about crime in D.C. and back home in their communities. 
Democrats, of course, want safe streets, but we believe in investing in 
solutions that actually make people safer, not political stunts or 
short-term gimmicks or cheap tough talk.
  We know what works: supporting local police departments, investing in 
community-based partnerships, and creating economic opportunity to 
drive down shootings, homicides, and burglaries.
  Now, getting guns out of the hands of violent criminals keeps us all 
safer. Instead of doing that work, Republicans are wasting time 
attacking the District while ignoring the crises in their own 
backyards.
  Now, President Trump is doing nothing to address violent crime in 
States with some of the highest crime rates in the country. In fact, 
his administration has made things worse.
  Trump has opposed efforts to expand criminal background checks. He 
has blocked attempts to reduce ghost guns and machine gun conversion 
devices. His Department of Justice has gutted the number of inspectors 
who stop businesses from selling guns to criminals, cutting that 
workforce down by two-thirds.
  On top of that, Trump illegally froze or canceled $3.8 billion in DOJ 
grant programs, including COPS grants for our police departments that, 
of course, help communities hire and train police officers.
  Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to reject this misguided power 
grab, and I reserve the balance of my time.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Members are reminded to refrain from 
engaging in personalities toward the President.
  Mr. COMER. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the gentleman from 
Florida (Mr. Donalds), sponsor of the bill.
  Mr. DONALDS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in strong support of my bill, 
H.R. 4922, the DC CRIMES Act.
  Now, in reference to what the gentleman was just talking about, 
Article I, Section 8, Clause 17 of the United States Constitution is 
quite clear. It grants Congress the power to exercise exclusive, 
exclusive jurisdiction over the Federal District, which all Americans 
know now is Washington, D.C., and it is the Nation's Capital.
  That is in the Constitution that was ratified by several States. 
Congress does have the constitutional authority to regulate activities 
within the Federal District. When it is said that somehow Congress is 
now eroding local control, that is simply not true.
  Any local powers by the D.C. Council have been granted to the D.C. 
Council by Congress, and Congress is the seat of authority when it 
comes to the Federal enclave.
  He also talked about Florida's laws. Let's be very clear: Florida has 
established itself as a beacon of law and order, making sure that our 
citizens are safe throughout all of our jurisdictions. If there are 
some abilities for some measures of flexibility, Florida has proven, 
beyond a shadow of a doubt, that it knows how to keep its people safe, 
which is very different with respect to the D.C. Council and with 
respect to escalated crime here in the Nation's Capital.
  Our great Nation's Capital has been plagued by violence, destruction, 
disorder for far too long, and decades of weak, pro-crime leadership 
has turned this once great city into a dystopia.
  I will remind my colleagues on the other side of the aisle that some 
of their colleagues have been victimized by the crime here in 
Washington, D.C. Rather than prioritizing the safety of law-abiding 
citizens and protecting the lives of innocent residents and visitors, 
District officials have actively facilitated dysfunction and chaos 
through

[[Page H4335]]

their progressive, soft-on-crime policies.
  Instead of addressing the clear epidemic of youth crime in this city, 
the D.C. Council increased the age of youth offenders to individuals 24 
years old and younger. Meaning fully grown, legal adults in the 
District of Columbia can receive sentences meant for children.

  This is simply insane, and that is why I introduced the DC CRIMES 
Act, which lowers the definition of youth from under the age of 25 to 
under the age of 18, removes the ability of judges to sentence youth 
offenders below mandatory minimum guidelines, and requires the D.C. 
attorney general to establish a public website containing much-needed 
statistics on juvenile crime in D.C.
  The Trump administration's efforts have shown that lawlessness is a 
choice, and it is time for Congress to step up, adhere to our 
constitutional duty, and firmly address crime in the Nation's Capital.
  For the citizens of D.C., I would say, we wish your Council did this 
the right way, but they did not and we will act.
  Mr. GARCIA of California. Mr. Speaker, I yield 7 minutes to the 
gentlewoman from the District of Columbia (Ms. Norton.)
  Ms. NORTON. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for yielding.
  Mr. Speaker, I strongly oppose this undemocratic and paternalistic 
bill, which amends D.C. law. The over 700,000 D.C. residents, the 
majority of whom are Black and Brown, are capable and worthy of 
governing themselves.
  Mr. Speaker, I include in the Record letters opposing this bill from 
D.C. Mayor Muriel Bowser, the entire D.C. Council, and D.C. Attorney 
General Brian Schwalb.

                                               September 10, 2025.
     Hon. James Comer,
     Chairman, House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, 
         Washington, DC.
     Hon. Robert Garcia,
     Ranking Member, House Committee on Oversight and Government 
         Reform, Washington, DC.
       Dear Chairman Comer and Ranking Member Garcia: As Mayor and 
     Chief Executive Officer of the District of Columbia, I am 
     proud of the work we have accomplished to invest in our 
     people, strengthen our neighborhoods, and drive down crime. 
     Building on this progress, my Administration established the 
     Safe and Beautiful Emergency Operations Center to coordinate 
     public safety and beautification efforts as the presidential 
     emergency declaration ends. This structure ensures that DC 
     will remain proactive--bringing together local and federal 
     partners to sustain momentum on reducing crime and improving 
     quality of life for every resident.
       We have worked collaboratively with this Committee on 
     shared priorities, including public safety, the federal 
     Return to Work, implementing a DC budget Fiscal Year 2025 fix 
     (which is still pending in the House) and revitalizing the 
     RFK campus; but I write now to ask you to reject 13 of the DC 
     bills before you today that encroach on DC's Home Rule:
       Bills like H.R. 5183, the District of Columbia Home Rule 
     Improvement Act, make the District less efficient, 
     competitive, and responsive to the needs of a highly complex 
     unique local government that serves local, county and state 
     functions. Bogging down legislative and executive action only 
     adds costs and uncertainty, making it more difficult to 
     handle the economic headwinds and growth opportunities ahead.
       Bills like H.R. 5214, the District of Columbia Cash Bail 
     Reform Act, make DC less safe. Replacing our very effective 
     pre-trial detention regime, which focuses on charged violent 
     offenses and repeat violent offenders, not just on cash bail. 
     I credit recent changes to our laws related to pre-trial 
     detention for helping to drive down violent crime in the last 
     two years.
       And the bills to abolish the Judicial Nominations 
     Commission and to convert the elected DC Attorney General to 
     a Presidentially appointed legal officer for the District are 
     both less democratic and untenable for District operations. 
     The Judicial Nomination Commission, with seven members 
     appointed by the Mayor, DC Council, President, US District 
     Court for DC, and the DC Bar, works. As recently as last 
     month, President Trump nominated three federal judicial 
     nominees who were selected from the Commission's candidate 
     pool--a process that demonstrates the value of maintaining 
     local input. DC residents also voted to elect an Attorney 
     General who represents the public interest. Changes to these 
     charter agencies would significantly undercut the already 
     thin ties to autonomy that limited home rule provides.
       Finally, I urge you not to up end our three-part education 
     funding SOAR Act. I have long supported the program to expand 
     opportunity for DC students. However, my support has always 
     been contingent on parity among all three education sectors--
     public, private, and charter--and this approach is working. 
     We will not support changes that tip the scales away from 
     this core principle of fairness for DC families. As the 
     fastest improving urban school system, DC has become a model 
     for urban education. We outpace the national average on all 
     tested subject areas. We boast free, full-day Pre-K access 
     serving more than 13,200 young learners--an investment which 
     supports our children and our workforce. DC ranked top of the 
     nation in parental satisfaction regarding school choice. 
     Mayoral control, council oversight, and deep, targeted 
     investments in our students, teachers, and buildings made 
     these remarkable achievements possible.
       I look forward to continuing a productive partnership with 
     the Committee--one that respects the will of DC residents and 
     honors the principles of home rule. Together, we can build on 
     our successes while protecting the autonomy that, as history 
     reflects, has made our city stronger.
           Sincerely,
                                                    Muriel Bowser,
     Mayor.
                                  ____

         Government of the District of Columbia, Office of the 
           Attorney General
                                Washington, DC, September 9, 2025.
     Hon. James Comer,
     Chairman, House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform, 
         Washington, DC.
     Hon. Robert Garcia,
     Ranking Member, House Committee on Oversight and Government 
         Reform, Washington, DC.
       Dear Chairman Comer and Ranking Member Garcia: The House 
     Committee on Oversight and Government Reform is scheduled to 
     markup fourteen bills tomorrow related to the operations of 
     the District of Columbia. With the exception of H.R. 2693, 
     the District of Columbia Electronic Transmittal Act, I write 
     in strong opposition to these bills. They address inherently 
     local issues and laws that were passed after careful 
     consideration by the District's elected representatives, who 
     are directly accountable to District residents. Members of 
     this very Committee have long advocated for the principles of 
     federalism on which this nation was founded. They have 
     consistently condemned federal overreach and fought 
     forcefully and convincingly for the uniquely American values 
     of local control, freedom, and self-governance. These 
     principles should apply to the more than 700,000 people who 
     call Washington, DC home, just as they do for your 
     constituents across the country.
       I specifically want to call attention to the significant 
     incursion on local self-governance reflected in two bills, 
     the District of Columbia Attorney General Appointment Reform 
     Act and the District of Columbia Judicial Nominations Reform 
     Act. Both laws would displace the ability of District 
     residents to have a voice in the selection of local leaders 
     who wield significant power over local judicial matters: the 
     judges on our local courts and the Attorney General for the 
     District. The judges on the DC Court of Appeals and DC 
     Superior Court rule on inherently local matters such as 
     criminal prosecutions, landlord-tenant cases, probate 
     proceedings, civil cases, and divorce proceedings, all of 
     which have profoundly important impact on our community. For 
     more than 50 years, the Judicial Nomination Commission (JNC) 
     has successfully allowed DC residents to have a voice in 
     judicial appointments, while also granting the President and 
     Senate a role in confirming our judges. I urge the Committee 
     not to overturn that well-established process.
       The DC Attorney General, as the District's chief law 
     officer, is also responsible for local legal issues, namely, 
     protecting the District and its residents in a wide range of 
     matters, such as enforcing child support laws, handling abuse 
     and neglect proceedings in the child welfare system, 
     enforcing our housing code, and defending District agencies 
     and officers when they are sued. In no other place in the 
     United States are such local issues determined by a federally 
     appointed person with no local accountability. The proposed 
     legislation would be especially undemocratic in light of the 
     fact that, in 2010, an overwhelming majority of District 
     voters (76 percent) exercised their right to amend the 
     District Charter to make the DC Attorney General an 
     independent, elected office, rather than a position appointed 
     by and subordinate to the Mayor. With that vote, District 
     residents clearly expressed their desire that the Attorney 
     General should be independent and accountable to them. The 
     pending bill would displace that choice in favor of 
     installing an Attorney General accountable not to District 
     residents, but to the President. Given that the U.S. Attorney 
     for the District is already appointed by the President, if 
     passed, this bill would concentrate all criminal and civil 
     litigation authority in the President, divesting the District 
     and its residents of any local control over these essential 
     functions.
       No one knows or cares more about keeping DC safe than DC 
     residents who work, live and raise their families here. Our 
     democratically elected officials work closely with local law 
     enforcement, policy experts, and community leadership to pass 
     laws that are in the best interests of all Washingtonians. 
     Substituting the will of DC voters with the whim of federal 
     politicians is undemocratic and un-American.
       I urge you to reject these measures and uphold the values 
     Congress sought to advance more than 50 years ago when it 
     passed the District of Columbia Home Rule Act: that

[[Page H4336]]

     District residents should enjoy the ``powers of local self-
     government'' that all other Americans enjoy. See DC Code 
     Sec.  1-201.02.
           Respectfully submitted,
                                                 Brian L. Schwalb,
     Attorney General for the District of Columbia.
                                  ____



                          Council of the District of Columbia,

                                Washington, DC, September 8, 2025.
     Hon. James Comer,
     Chair, House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform,
     Washington, DC.
     Hon. Robert Garcia,
     Ranking Member, House Committee on Oversight and Government 
         Reform,
     Washington, DC.
       Dear Chairman Comer and Ranking Member Garcia: The Council 
     of the District of Columbia is aware that the House Committee 
     on Oversight and Government Reform is planning to mark up 
     more than a dozen proposed measures that would severely and 
     negatively impact the operations, public safety, and autonomy 
     of the District of Columbia. We ask that you oppose these 
     measures in full, save one, H.R. 2693, District of Columbia 
     Electronic Transmittal of Legislation Act. While we have not 
     seen the final text of this legislation, the public summary 
     of H.R. 2693 is consistent with the long held request by the 
     District of Columbia to allow the ability to electronically 
     transfer legislative acts to Congress, rather than only 
     allowing physical copies be transferred. The challenge and 
     barriers created by this current requirement were clearly 
     exposed during both the recent COVID pandemic restrictions as 
     well as the Capitol campus restrictions following the January 
     6, 2021 attacks on the Capitol.
       The other 13 measures that have been shared with us would 
     do direct and serious harm to the District of Columbia and we 
     urge you to reject these measures completely. These bills 
     represent an unprecedented attack on the autonomy and home 
     rule of our local government and the more than 700,000 
     Americans that call it home. The breadth of these bills is 
     remarkable, and if passed, would result in an erosion of 
     accountability and public safety for the District of 
     Columbia. They range from eliminating and replacing our 
     elected and accountable Attorney General for the District of 
     Columbia with a President's hand-picked and unaccountable 
     associate requiring no confirmation by the U.S. Senate and no 
     local ties, to a full repeal of multiple local DC laws that 
     have been in place for many years, if not decades, that are 
     tested, proven, and effective components of our public safety 
     infrastructure and ecosystem. The effect of these 
     Congressional repeals would put our legal and Court system 
     into chaos and directly undermine successful tools that focus 
     on serious accountability and effective rehabilitation when a 
     crime occurs. As always, when revisions or amendments to DC 
     laws are necessary, those changes should only take place 
     within our local legislature which has the best capacity to 
     provide effective oversight and accountable actions for the 
     residents of the District of Columbia.
       We respectfully request that all members of the Committee 
     on Oversight and Government Reform, and all members of 
     Congress, reject these harmful measures whether in committee 
     mark up or before the full House of Representatives. Given 
     the breadth of the multiple measures before you, we also 
     request an opportunity to provide a more in-depth discussion 
     of each bill before the Committee's mark-up, especially in 
     light that the Committee will not hold public hearings on 
     these measures.
           Sincerely,
       Chairman Phil Mendleson; Councilmember Anita Bonds, At-
     Large; Councilmember Robert White, Jr., At-Large; 
     Councilmember Brooke Pinto, Ward 2; Councilmember Janeese 
     Lewis George, Ward 4; Councilmember Charles Allen, Ward 6; 
     Councilmember Trayon White, Sr, Ward 8; Councilmember Kenyan 
     McDuffie, At-Large; Councilmember Christina Henderson, At-
     Large; Councilmember Brianne Nadeau, Ward 1; Councilmember 
     Matthew Frumin, Ward 3; Councilmember Zachary Parker, Ward 5; 
     Councilmember Wendell Felder, Ward 7.

  Ms. NORTON. Mr. Speaker, the local legislature, the Council, has 13 
members. If D.C. residents do not like how members vote, residents can 
vote them out of office or pass a ballot measure. That is called 
democracy.
  Congress has 535 voting Members. None are elected by D.C. residents. 
If D.C. residents do not like how Members vote on local D.C. matters, 
residents cannot vote them out of office or pass a ballot measure. That 
is the antithesis of democracy.
  The substance of this bill should be irrelevant since there is never 
justification for Congress to legislate on local D.C. matters. 
Nevertheless, I will discuss it.
  Republicans claim D.C.'s Youth Rehabilitation Act treats adults as 
juveniles. They are wrong. They either do not understand the act or are 
misleading the public about it intentionally. The act's sentencing and 
set aside provisions apply only in adult court, not juvenile court.
  Let me repeat: The provisions apply in adult court, not juvenile 
court. A judge may, but is not required to, sentence a person under the 
act, and certain crimes are ineligible under the act.

                              {time}  1520

  D.C. is not the only jurisdiction with a so-called young adult 
offender law. Alabama, Florida, Michigan, New York, South Carolina, and 
Vermont have such laws. The sponsor of this bill is from one of those 
States.
  D.C. residents have all the obligations of American citizenship, 
including paying Federal taxes, serving on juries, and registering with 
the Selective Service, yet Congress denies them full local self-
government and voting representation in Congress. The only solution to 
this undemocratic treatment is to grant D.C. statehood.
  Mr. Speaker, I include in the Record a letter explaining why D.C. 
statehood is constitutional from leading constitutional scholars, 
including Larry Tribe.

                                                     May 22, 2021.
     Re Washington, D.C. Admission Act, H.R. 51 and S. 51 (the 
         ``D.C. Admission Act'').

     Hon. Nancy P. Pelosi,
     Speaker of the House, House of Representatives,
     Washington, DC.
     Hon. Charles E. Schumer,
     Majority Leader, U.S. Senate,
     Washington, DC.
     Hon. Kevin O. McCarthy,
     Minority Leader, U.S. Senate,
     Washington, DC.
     Hon. Mitch McConnell,
     Minority Leader, U.S. Senate,
     Washington, DC.
       Dear Congressional Leaders: As scholars of the United 
     States Constitution, we write to correct claims that the D.C. 
     Admission Act is vulnerable to a constitutional challenge in 
     the courts. For the reasons set forth below, there is no 
     constitutional barrier to the State of Washington, Douglass 
     Commonwealth (the ``Commonwealth'') entering the Union 
     through a congressional joint resolution, pursuant to the 
     Constitution's Admissions Clause, just like the 37 other 
     states that have been admitted since the Constitution was 
     adopted. Furthermore, Congress's exercise of its express 
     constitutional authority to decide to admit a new state is a 
     classic political question, which courts are highly unlikely 
     to interfere with, let alone attempt to bar.
       The D.C. Admission Act. The House passed the Act, as H.R. 
     51, on April 22, 2021, and as of this writing, the 
     substantively identical companion bill (S. 51) is under 
     consideration by the Senate. The Act provides for the 
     issuance of a congressional joint resolution declaring the 
     admittance as a State of most of the territory currently 
     comprising the District of Columbia, while the seat of 
     government (defined as the ``Capital'') will fall outside of 
     the boundaries of the new State and remain under federal 
     jurisdiction. The Act also repeals the provision of federal 
     law that establishes the current mechanism for District 
     residents to participate in presidential elections, pursuant 
     to Congress's authority under the Twenty-Third Amendment; and 
     provides for expedited consideration of the repeal of that 
     Amendment.
       The Admissions Clause grants Congress constitutional 
     authority to admit the Commonwealth into the Union. The 
     starting point for a constitutional analysis of the Act is 
     the Constitution's Admissions Clause (Art. IV, Sect. 3), 
     which provides that ``New States may be admitted by the 
     Congress into this Union.'' The Clause ``vests in Congress 
     the essential and discretionary authority to admit new states 
     into the Union by whatever means it considers appropriate as 
     long as such means are framed within its vested powers.'' 
     Every State admitted into the Union since the Constitution 
     was adopted has been admitted by congressional action 
     pursuant to this Clause; no State has been admitted pursuant 
     to a constitutional amendment.
       The Supreme Court has broadly construed Congress's assigned 
     power to admit new states and has never interfered with 
     Congress's admission of a state, even when potentially 
     legitimate constitutional objections existed. For example, in 
     1863, Congress admitted into the Union West Virginia, which 
     had been part of the State of Virginia, in potential 
     violation of a provision of the Admissions Clause that bars 
     the formation of a new State out of a portion of the 
     territory of another State without the consent of the ceding 
     State. The Supreme Court, however, did not bar West 
     Virginia's admission; to the contrary, it later tacitly 
     approved of it.
       Some critics of the D.C. Admission Act have suggested that 
     Maryland's consent might be required under the foregoing 
     provision of the Admissions Clause. This objection mistakenly 
     presupposes that Maryland retains a reversionary interest in 
     the territory currently composing the District of Columbia, 
     which Maryland ceded to the federal government when the 
     District was established in 1791. In fact, Maryland expressly 
     relinquished all sovereign authority over the territory at 
     issue when the federal government accepted it. The express 
     terms of the cession state that the territory was ``for ever 
     ceded and relinquished to the congress and government of the 
     United States, in full and absolute right, and exclusive 
     jurisdiction.

[[Page H4337]]

     . . . As Viet D. Dinh, who served as an Assistant Attorney 
     General during the presidency of George W. Bush, has 
     explained, because Maryland's cession of the territory now 
     constituting the District was full and complete, it severed 
     D.C. residents' now far distant ``political link with'' 
     Maryland. The current District is not part of Maryland, and 
     Maryland has no claim on any portion of the District's 
     territory. There is accordingly no basis to require 
     Maryland's consent for the establishment of the new State.
       The Constitution's District Clause poses no barrier to 
     admitting the Commonwealth into the Union. The Constitution's 
     District Clause grants Congress power to ``exercise exclusive 
     Legislation in all Cases whatsoever, over such District (not 
     exceeding ten Miles square) as may, by Cession of particular 
     States, and the Acceptance of Congress, become the Seat of 
     the Government of the United States.'' Based on this Clause, 
     Congress established the current District of Columbia, which 
     (as explained) was taken from territory ceded by Maryland, as 
     well as Virginia.
       The D.C. Admission Act complies with the District Clause 
     because it provides that the Capital--which is defined in the 
     Act to include (among other things) the White House, the 
     Capitol Building, the United States Supreme Court Building, 
     and the Federal executive, legislative, and judicial office 
     buildings located adjacent to the Mall--will not become part 
     of the new State and will remain under the sovereignty of the 
     federal government.
       Some critics have argued that the District Clause somehow 
     mandates that the District of Columbia permanently retain all 
     of its current territory, and that its size may neither be 
     increased or reduced by Congress. The plain language of the 
     District Clause says no such thing; it does not mandate that 
     the District be any size or shape, except it limits the 
     maximum size of the federal enclave to ten square miles.
       Historical practice confirms that Congress can change the 
     size of the District. In 1791, Congress altered the 
     District's southern boundary to encompass portions of what 
     are now Alexandria, Virginia and Anacostia. Then, in 1846, 
     Congress retroceded Alexandria and its environs back to 
     Virginia. As a result, the territory composing the District 
     was reduced by a third.
       At the time of the 1846 retrocession, the House's Committee 
     on the District of Columbia considered, and rejected, the 
     very argument that critics of the D.C. Admission Act are 
     raising today, reasoning that the ``true construction of [the 
     District Clause] would seem to be solely that Congress retain 
     and exercise exclusive jurisdiction'' over territory 
     comprising the ``seat of government.'' The language of the 
     District Clause, the legislators observed, places no mandate 
     on the size, or even the location, of that seat of 
     government, other than preventing the government from 
     ``hold[ing] more than ten miles for this purpose.'' The 
     House's judgment was correct in 1846, and remains so today.
       The Twenty-Third Amendment does not prevent Congress from 
     granting the Commonwealth statehood. Opponents of statehood 
     have suggested that the Twenty-Third Amendment bars Congress 
     from exercising its constitutionally enumerated authority to 
     grant statehood to the Commonwealth. In fact, the Amendment 
     poses no barrier to the admission of the Commonwealth into 
     the Union through an act of Congress, in accordance with the 
     plain language of the Admissions Clause, just as Congress has 
     done in connection with the admission of several other 
     States, including most recently Alaska and Hawaii.
       Section 1 of the Twenty-Third Amendment, which was ratified 
     in 1961, provides:
       The District constituting the seat of Government of the 
     United States shall appoint in such manner as the Congress 
     may direct: A number of electors of President and Vice 
     President equal to the whole number of Senators and 
     Representatives in Congress to which the District would be 
     entitled if it were a State, but in no event more than the 
     least populous State; they shall be in addition to those 
     appointed by the States, but they shall be considered, for 
     the purposes of the election of President and Vice President, 
     to be electors appointed by a State.
       By its plain terms, the Amendment poses no barrier to 
     Congress's admission of the Commonwealth into the Union. 
     Indeed, it is entirely silent on the matter.
       The only question raised by the existence of the Twenty-
     Third Amendment is a practical, not a constitutional one: How 
     best to address the Twenty-Third Amendment's provision for 
     the assignment of presidential electors to what will become a 
     vestigial seat of government, with virtually no residents? 
     The Act satisfactorily addresses this question by providing 
     for the repeal of the provision of federal law that 
     establishes the current mechanism for District residents to 
     participate in presidential elections, pursuant to Congress's 
     authority under the Twenty-Third Amendment, as well as by 
     commencing the process for repealing the Amendment itself.
       Initially, the Act provides for an expedited process for 
     repeal of the Twenty-Third Amendment, a process that should 
     move forward to ratification swiftly and successfully once 
     the Commonwealth is admitted as a State. None of the other 50 
     States has reason to seek to retain three electors for a 
     largely unoccupied seat of government.
       But the Act also addresses the possibility that the Twenty-
     Third Amendment is not promptly repealed by mandating the 
     immediate repeal of the provision of federal law that 
     provides the current mechanism for District residents to 
     participate in federal elections.
       In 1961, following the adoption of the Twenty-Third 
     Amendment, Congress exercised its enforcement authority by 
     enacting legislation (codified at 3 U.S.C. Sec. 21), 
     providing that the District residents may select presidential 
     electors; the votes of the electors are currently awarded to 
     the ticket prevailing in the District's presidential 
     election.
       The existing statutes, fall within the broad authority 
     granted to Congress by the Twenty-Third Amendment to define 
     the terms of, and effectuate, the District's participation in 
     presidential elections. The Amendment allows for the 
     appointment of a number of Electors ``in such manner as the 
     Congress may direct.'' The Amendment also allows Congress to 
     select the number of Electors the District may receive, 
     subject only to a maximum: The District may participate in 
     the presidential Electoral College through the appointment of 
     no more electors than those of the smallest State, ie., 
     three. And section 2 of the Amendment grants Congress the 
     power to ``enforce'' the provision ``by appropriate 
     legislation,'' as it did in 1961.
       But once Congress acts again, pursuant to its express grant 
     of constitutional authority, and repeals the legislation that 
     creates the existing procedure for District residents to 
     select presidential electors, that will remove the 
     legislative provision providing for the District's 
     participation in presidential elections. Without such a 
     provision, there is no mechanism for identifying the Capital 
     area's electors or allocating their votes.
       Some scholars have questioned whether that approach is 
     satisfactory. They contend that the Twenty-Third Amendment is 
     self-enforcing, and effectively mandates the appointment of 
     electors on behalf of the District of Columbia, regardless of 
     whether such appointment is called for under a federal 
     statute. Some of us disagree; indeed, the very existence of 
     Section 2 of the Amendment makes clear that enabling 
     legislation is required to effectuate the District's 
     participation in the presidential election process. And 
     Congress's 1961 enforcement legislation supports this 
     interpretation.
       Even if this self-enforcement argument were to be accepted, 
     however, Congress could easily address it by replacing the 
     current law mandating that the Capital area's electors vote 
     in accordance with the outcome of the popular vote in the 
     District with a new legislative mandate that the Capital 
     area's electors vote in other ways. For example, Congress 
     could require District electors to vote in favor of the 
     presidential ticket that receives the most Electoral College 
     votes (of the remaining 538 electors). Or, alternatively, 
     Congress could require that District electors vote for the 
     winner of the national popular vote winner.
       A recent Supreme Court decision confirms that a legislative 
     directive to the Capital area's electors would be 
     enforceable. The Twenty-Third Amendment provides that the 
     District ``shall appoint'' electors ``in such manner as 
     Congress may direct''; this language is a direct parallel to 
     the Constitution's grant of broad authority to each of the 
     States to appoint and instruct their respective electors. In 
     its recent decision in Chiafalo v. Washington, the Supreme 
     Court held that electors do not have discretion to decide how 
     to cast their Electoral College votes, but rather are legally 
     bound to follow the instructions given by their respective 
     states.
       As Columbia Law School Professors Jessica Bulman-Pozen and 
     Olatunde Johnson have observed, it follows from the Court's 
     holding in Chiafalo that Congress could legally bind any 
     electors to vote in accordance with the overall vote of the 
     Electoral College or the national popular vote, just as the 
     existing enabling statute currently binds them to vote in the 
     Electoral College in accordance with the outcome of the 
     popular vote in the District.
       In sum, none of the critics' constitutional objections to 
     the D.C. Admission Act are meritorious; and the contention 
     that a constitutional amendment is required to admit the 
     Commonwealth into the Union is incorrect. The D.C. Admission 
     Act calls for a proper exercise of Congress' express 
     authority under the Constitution to admit new states, a power 
     that it has exercised 37 other times since the Constitution 
     was adopted.
       Courts are unlikely to second-guess Congress's exercise of 
     its constitutional authority to admit the Commonwealth into 
     the Union. Apart from the fact that the legal objections to 
     admission of the Commonwealth as a State are without merit, 
     it is also unlikely that the courts will ever consider those 
     objections. As Mr. Dinh has observed, the decision whether to 
     admit a state into the Union is a paradigmatic political 
     question that the Constitution expressly and exclusively 
     assigns to Congress. The Supreme Court has long, and 
     strenuously, avoided adjudicating disputes respecting matters 
     that the Constitution makes the sole responsibility of the 
     coordinate, elected branches.
       The remaining objections to Statehood do not concern 
     applicable constitutional law, but rather matters of policy.
       For example, some have argued that the District should not 
     be admitted to the Union because it is a single city and have 
     instead proposed that most of the District's territory be 
     retrocessioned to Maryland. There is, however, no 
     constitutional barrier to a large, diverse city, with a 
     population comparable

[[Page H4338]]

     to that of several existing States, joining the Union. 
     Furthermore, the Maryland retrocession proposal is subject to 
     many of the same supposed constitutional objections raised by 
     those who object to statehood for the District. For example, 
     retroceding the District to Maryland would decrease the size 
     of the remaining federal enclave, which objectors to District 
     Statehood have claimed is constitutionally impermissible. A 
     forced merger of the District and Maryland would also do 
     nothing to address the purported constitutional objection to 
     leaving the residual seat of government with three potential 
     electors, pursuant to the terms of the Twenty-Third 
     Amendment, prior to the Amendment's repeal.
       Opponents also argue that Congress should not grant the 
     District statehood because it will lead to a lawsuit. But any 
     court challenge will be without merit, and indeed likely will 
     be dismissed as presenting a political question. We 
     respectfully submit that Congress should not avoid exercising 
     its express constitutional authority to admit the 
     Commonwealth into the Union because of meritless threats of 
     litigation.
           Sincerely yours,
       Caroline Fredrickson, Georgetown University Law Center; 
     Erwin Chemerinsky, University of California, Berkeley School 
     of Law; Stephen I. Vladeck, University of Texas Law School; 
     Franita Tolson, University of Southern California, Gould 
     School of Law; Jessica Bulman-Pozen, Columbia Law School; 
     Leah Litman, University of Michigan Law School; Laurence H. 
     Tribe, Harvard Law School; Paul Smith, Georgetown University 
     Law Center; Geoffrey R. Stone, University of Chicago Law 
     School; Peter Edelman, Georgetown University Law Center,
       Kermit Roosevelt, University of Pennsylvania Carey Law 
     School; Eric Segall, Georgia State College Law; Trevor 
     Potter, Campaign Legal Center; Gregory P. Downs, University 
     of California Davis; Larry Sabato, University of Virginia; 
     Aziz Huq, University of Chicago Law School; Jennifer 
     Hochschild, Harvard University; Neil S. Siegel, Duke 
     University School of Law; Beau Breslin, Skidmore College; 
     David C. Vladeck, Georgetown University Law Center; Sanford 
     Levinson, University of Texas at Austin School of Law; Ira C. 
     Lupu, George Washington University Law School; Peter M. 
     Shane, Ohio State University Moritz College of Law; Ira P. 
     Robbins, American University Washington College of Law; 
     Michael Greenberger, University of Maryland Francis King 
     Carey School of Law.
       David Pozen, Columbia Law School; Mark Tushnet, Harvard Law 
     School; Michael C. Dorf, Cornell Law School; Miguel Schor, 
     Drake University School of Law; David S. Schwartz, University 
     of Wisconsin Law School; Caroline Mala Corbin, University of 
     Miami School of Law; Jonathan Askin, Brooklyn Law School; 
     Aziz Rana, Cornell Law School; John Mikhail, Georgetown 
     University Law Center; Richard Ford, Stanford Law School; 
     Richard Primus, University of Michigan Law School; Joseph 
     Fishkin, University of Texas Law School; Kate Masur, 
     Northwestern University; Chris Edelson, American University.

  Ms. NORTON. Mr. Speaker, the D.C. statehood bill, H.R. 51, the 
Washington, D.C. Admission Act, grants D.C. residents full local self-
government and voting representation in Congress. H.R. 51 reduces the 
size of the Federal district from 68 square miles to 2 square miles, 
consisting of the White House, Capitol, the Supreme Court, and The 
National Mall and remaining under the control of Congress. The new 
State consists of the residential and commercial areas of D.C. The new 
State has a larger population than two States, pays more Federal taxes 
per capita than any State, and pays more total Federal taxes than 21 
States.
  Mr. Speaker, I urge Members to vote ``no'' on the D.C. CRIMES Act, 
keep their hands off D.C. and free D.C.
  Mr. COMER. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from 
Georgia (Mr. Carter).
  Mr. CARTER of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for 
yielding.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise today in strong support of the D.C. CRIMES Act, 
legislation that builds on the extraordinary progress we have seen 
under President Trump's leadership to restore law and order in 
Washington, D.C.
  Thanks to President Trump and his administration, we are finally 
seeing real results in this city. Crime is down, homicides are down, 
carjackings are down, and most importantly, people feel safer in their 
Nation's Capital.
  President Trump has handed us the blueprint to restore safety in 
America's cities. Families are safely going out to restaurants, 
businesses are seeing life return to their neighborhoods, and tourists 
feel secure, knowing law enforcement officers are empowered to do their 
job and enforce the law.
  The D.C. CRIMES Act ensures that the gains we have made are not 
rolled back by more Democratic pro-crime policies. Republicans are the 
party of safe cities. We are the party that stands with our police and 
responds to our communities that demand law and order.
  This bill sends a simple message: Criminals will be held accountable, 
victims will be protected, and Washington, D.C., will remain on the 
path to becoming the safe, thriving Capital our Nation deserves.
  I urge my colleagues to support the D.C. CRIMES Act and keep our 
Capital safe, strong, and beautiful.
  Mr. GARCIA of California. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the 
gentlewoman from Texas (Ms. Crockett).
  Ms. CROCKETT. Mr. Speaker, as I sat and listened to the beginning of 
this debate, my heart simply broke, and many people know me for being 
able to do alliterations, and all I could think about was: Amnesia 
allows adolescents accountability avoidance agility from across the 
aisle.
  Work with me for a second. Imagine being a young man born to Jamaican 
and Panamanian parents who messed up not once but twice. Imagine 
standing in front of a judge with your whole future hanging in the 
balance. Instead of prison, you are given a promise of mercy. Your 
record gets wiped clean, and you get a second chance at life.
  Now imagine taking that promise and turning it into promotion. You go 
to college. You get a job and even become a Member of Congress. That is 
what redemption looks like. That is what America is supposed to be 
about, and that is exactly the story of the next wannabe Governor from 
Florida.
  As a young man, he went through pretrial diversion for misdemeanor 
marijuana possession. As an adult, yet younger than 24, he was charged 
with and ultimately placed on probation for felony bribery charges, 
which ultimately were, too, expunged.
  He was given a third chance, and now he is the face of a bill that 
would not afford young people in Washington, D.C., the same 
opportunities afforded to him.
  Let me be real. If he had grown up under Donald Trump's America or 
under the very D.C. crime bill he is pushing today, he wouldn't be 
standing here as a Member of Congress. He would still be living with 
the weight of those charges.
  Let's call this what it is: Opportunities for me, but not for thee. 
He climbed the ladder of redemption, and now he is yanking it right up 
from under D.C. youth. Most of us were taught to lift as you climb, but 
clearly some have forgotten to lift as they climb. Now they are 
committed to telling the next generations to pull themselves up by 
their bootstraps.
  I will not sit quiet while a man who was saved by grace turns around 
and tries to snatch grace away from others.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The time of the gentlewoman has expired.
  Mr. GARCIA of California. Mr. Speaker, I yield an additional 1 minute 
to the gentlewoman from Texas.
  Ms. CROCKETT. If we are going to be real about crime, about 
communities, about second chances and even third chances, then it needs 
to start with us looking in the mirror and remembering that even the 
author of this bill has a story, too, before he tries to lecture D.C. 
on safety.
  It would be complete hypocrisy to have, hypothetically, someone 
convicted of 34 felonies to lecture D.C. on what to do with youthful 
offenders who have been scientifically shown not to have fully 
developed brains under the age of 25, especially if said multi-count 
convicted felon was in his seventies when he was convicted. What would 
be his excuse since his brain would be fully developed?
  Mr. COMER. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the distinguished 
gentleman from Tennessee (Mr. Burchett).
  Mr. BURCHETT. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in disbelief over the fact 
that in our own Nation's Capital, prosecutors are allowed to prosecute 
criminals as old as 25 years old as minors.

  While President Trump has restored law and order to the District, I 
am not surprised that D.C.'s local government continues to protect the 
criminals and ignore victims. The D.C. CRIMES Act puts an end to this 
madness and ensures safety and security across D.C.
  At 18 years old, you are given adult responsibilities, like being 
able to vote or sign up for the military. At 18 years, you become 
responsible for your

[[Page H4339]]

choices and your decisions and should be treated as such. At 21 years 
old, you are able to legally consume alcohol. At 25 years old, you can 
become a Member of Congress.
  This is why the D.C. CRIMES Act is essential to ensuring the long-
term safety and security of our Nation's Capital so that violent 
offenders are not just handed any more get-out-of-jail-free cards. The 
bill also orders judges to stop sentencing youth offenders below the 
minimum sentencing guidelines.
  It is time to bring back justice in America. It is time for fair 
punishment for the people who interfere with people's daily lives, 
specifically those with prior convictions. The revolving door of 
justice ends today. I cannot thank Representative Donalds enough for 
his vital work on this legislation.
  It is time to push back against soft-on-crime judges and DAs. We are 
a nation of laws, Mr. Speaker, and Washington, D.C., should be a model 
for justice across our great Nation.
  In no way, shape, form, or fashion should we be charging adults as 
minors and allowing them to return to commit similar or more violent 
crimes. The citizens, tourists, businesspeople, and every other member 
of this city deserve safety and security. I urge my colleagues to 
support this bill, which will ensure just that.
  We will restore D.C. to become the shining city on the hill that our 
Founders envisioned it to be. I again thank my dear friend Congressman 
Donalds. I urge my colleagues to vote ``yes'' on this bill.
  Mr. GARCIA of California. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my 
time.
  Mr. COMER. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 minutes to the distinguished 
gentlewoman from Colorado (Ms. Boebert).
  Ms. BOEBERT. Mr. Speaker, I thank Chairman Comer and the free State 
of Florida's next Governor, Byron Donalds, for introducing this bill.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of H.R. 4922, the D.C. CRIMES Act, 
which is sponsored by Congressman Donalds. This critical legislation is 
a direct response to the failed pro-crime policies that have turned our 
Nation's Capital into a war zone.
  Under failing leftist policies, Washington, D.C., has seen an 
epidemic of violence: carjackings surging 300 percent, homicides 
ravaging communities, and young thugs, some as old as 24, treated as 
juveniles, slapped with lenient sentences below mandatory minimums.

                              {time}  1530

  It endangers young families and small businesses struggling in this 
crime-ridden city. Innocent residents live in fear, while criminals 
roam free, mocking the rule of law.
  H.R. 4922 cuts through this madness. It ensures adults face adult 
consequences. It repeals judges' abilities to dodge mandatory minimums 
for youth crimes. Crucially, it blocks the D.C. Council from gutting 
sentencing laws, reclaiming Congress' constitutional oversight over 
this Federal District, as it should be.
  As President Trump declared in his March 2025 executive order, if 
D.C. won't act, we must, restoring order, beauty, and safety to our 
Capital.
  This bill isn't about politics. It is about protecting lives. 
Republicans are delivering real reform, tougher accountability, 
transparent juvenile crime data via a public website, and a safer D.C. 
for all.
  Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to join us and pass H.R. 4922 now 
to make America and this District safe again.
  Mr. GARCIA of California. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my 
time.
  Mr. COMER. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentlewoman from 
Wyoming (Ms. Hageman).
  Ms. HAGEMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of H.R. 4922 so that we 
may redefine what is considered to be a youth offender from 24 years to 
18 years and repeal the D.C. criminal court provision that allows 
youthful offenders to receive sentences less than the mandatory minimum 
required by law.
  There is no question that there has been a crime epidemic across the 
District of Columbia, and the citizens of this great city deserve 
better. President Trump recognized this fact and has exercised his 
authority to restore safety. It is now time for Congress to build on 
his good work.
  H.R. 4922 is designed to begin to address many of the problems that 
stem from the D.C. courts and their refusal to hold criminals 
accountable. We need to start with recognizing that 19- to 24-year-olds 
shouldn't be treated as youthful offenders.
  Local news has recently reported that the number of juveniles 
arrested in Washington, D.C., has increased every year since 2020 and 
that 60 percent of carjackings in the District in 2025 so far are for 
those over 20 years old.
  Knowing that the District of Columbia currently classifies anyone 24 
years or younger as a youth offender, it is fair to ask how many of 
these so-called youthful offenders running rampant, terrorizing the 
hardworking people of Washington, D.C., are actually adults and should 
be tried as such. The situation is untenable and should not be 
tolerated in a civilized society.
  I am, therefore, pleased to support the solutions presented by H.R. 
4922, including the establishment of a website on District of 
Columbia's juvenile crime statistics.
  Passage of this bill will go a long way to correcting the broken, 
soft-on-crime policies here in Washington, D.C., that coddle criminals 
and place at risk the good, honest, and hardworking people who call the 
District home.
  Mr. Speaker, I thank Representative Donalds for sponsoring this 
important legislation and applaud Chairman Comer for his steadfast 
leadership on this critically important issue.
  Mr. Speaker, I urge all of my colleagues to join me in supporting 
H.R. 4922.
  Mr. GARCIA of California. Mr. Speaker, I oppose passage of this bill, 
and I yield back the balance of my time.
  Mr. COMER. Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to support this 
commonsense legislation to ensure that citizens of Washington, D.C., 
and the many visitors to our Nation's Capital feel safe.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. LaHood). All time for debate has 
expired.
  Pursuant to House Resolution 707, the previous question is ordered on 
the bill, as amended.
  The question is on the engrossment and third reading of the bill.
  The bill was ordered to be engrossed and read a third time, and was 
read the third time.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The question is on passage of the bill.
  The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced that 
the ayes appeared to have it.
  Mr. GARCIA of California. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and 
nays.
  The yeas and nays were ordered.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to clause 8 of rule XX, further 
proceedings on this question will be postponed.

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