[Congressional Record Volume 171, Number 146 (Monday, September 8, 2025)]
[Senate]
[Pages S6430-S6431]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]

  SA 3822. Ms. ERNST (for herself and Mrs. Shaheen) submitted an 
amendment intended to be proposed to amendment SA 3748 proposed by Mr. 
Wicker (for himself and Mr. Reed) to the bill S. 2296, to authorize 
appropriations for fiscal year 2026 for military activities of the 
Department of Defense, for military construction, and for defense 
activities of the Department of Energy, to prescribe military personnel 
strengths for such fiscal year, and for other purposes; which was 
ordered to lie on the table; as follows:

        At the end of subtitle E of title XII, add the following:

     SEC. 1265. MIDDLE EAST DEFENSE TECHNOLOGY INNOVATION 
                   COOPERATION INITIATIVE.

       (a) Establishment.--The Secretary of Defense, with the 
     concurrence of the Secretary of State and in coordination 
     with the Defense Innovation Community of Entities, shall 
     establish an initiative to cooperate with defense innovation 
     partners in the Middle East for the purpose of developing a 
     strong international community of defense innovation entities 
     among such partners--
       (1) to create opportunities to procure the leading 
     commercial technology from international companies, including 
     United States companies and such companies located in 
     countries that are defense innovation partners in the Middle 
     East, so as to meet the needs of warfighters that are such 
     partners;
       (2) to develop interoperable solutions compatible with 
     capabilities of the United States and such partners;
       (3) to build defense technology and defense innovation 
     capacity in the United States and in countries that are such 
     partners;
       (4) to mature and expand the reach and impact of the 
     innovation ecosystems within and among such partners;
       (5) to strengthen the collective defense innovation bases 
     and security posture of the United States and such partners 
     through co-development, co-production, and co-sustainment 
     opportunities; and
       (6) to implement other partnerships, as the Secretary of 
     Defense considers necessary.
       (b) Purpose.--The purpose of the initiative established 
     under subsection (a) is to address--
       (1) shared challenges facing the United States and defense 
     innovation partners in the Middle East from--
       (A) the Islamic Republic of Iran;
       (B) Iran-backed terrorist threats, including Hamas, the 
     Houthis, and Hezbollah; and
       (C) any other violent extremist organization within the 
     area of responsibility of the United States Central Command; 
     and
       (2) any other such shared challenge, as determined by the 
     Secretary of Defense, in coordination with the commander of 
     the United States Central Command and the Defense Innovation 
     Community of Entities.
       (c) Focus.--The initiative established under subsection (a) 
     shall focus on the following capabilities:
       (1) Unmanned systems, including unmanned aerial vehicles, 
     unmanned underwater vehicles, and unmanned surface vehicles.
       (2) Capabilities to counter unmanned systems, including 
     kinetic, high-power microwave, and directed energy 
     capabilities.
       (3) Advanced intelligence and its defense applications.
       (4) Any other capability necessary to resolve the shared 
     challenges described in subsection (b), as determined by the 
     Secretary of Defense, in coordination with the commander of 
     the United States Central Command and the Defense Innovation 
     Community of Entities.
       (d) Exploratory Defense Innovation Partnerships.--To 
     implement the initiative established under subsection (a), 
     the Secretary of Defense, with the concurrence of the 
     Secretary of State and in coordination with the Defense 
     Innovation Community of Entities, shall seek to enter into 
     exploratory defense innovation partnerships with defense 
     innovation partners in the Middle East.

[[Page S6431]]

       (e) Determination on Entering in Mature Defense Innovation 
     Partnerships.--
       (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, with the 
     concurrence of the Secretary of State and in coordination 
     with the Defense Innovation Community of Entities, shall 
     issue a determination as to whether it is feasible for the 
     United States to enter into a mature defense innovation 
     partnership described in paragraph (2).
       (2) Mature defense innovation partnerships described.--A 
     mature defense innovation partnership described in this 
     paragraph may include--
       (A) the signing of a memorandum of understanding or defense 
     innovation cooperation agreement between or among the United 
     States and one or more defense innovation partners in the 
     Middle East to facilitate joint defense innovation;
       (B) the implementation of liaison officer exchange programs 
     to deepen the integration of defense innovation efforts of 
     the United States and one or more defense innovation partners 
     in the Middle East;
       (C) the implementation of commercial opportunities 
     programming, including--
       (i) prize challenges;
       (ii) dual-use accelerators; and
       (iii) educational series; and
       (D) the solicitation, through commercial solutions 
     openings, of innovative defense solutions from companies 
     located within the country of one or more defense innovation 
     partners in the Middle East.
       (3) Consideration.--The Secretary of Defense, with the 
     concurrence of the Secretary of State and in coordination 
     with the Defense Innovation Community of Entities, shall make 
     the determination required by paragraph (1) based on the 
     following considerations:
       (A) An evaluation as to the whether the implementation of 
     exploratory defense innovation partnerships has served the 
     interests of United States national security.
       (B) An assessment of potential benefits and risks to United 
     States national security interests from pursuing mature 
     defense innovation partnerships described in paragraph (2), 
     including the risks posed by defense and technology 
     relationships between defense innovation partners in the 
     Middle East and the People's Republic of China.
       (C) An evaluation as to whether the pursuit of such a 
     mature defense innovation partnership will unacceptably 
     reduce the ability of the Defense Innovation Community of 
     Entities to pursue defense innovation partnerships with 
     allies and partners in the areas of responsibility of the 
     United States Europe Command and the United States Indo-
     Pacific Command.
       (D) Any other matter the Secretary of Defense considers 
     relevant.
       (4) Revision.--In the case of a determination under 
     paragraph (1) that it is not feasible to enter into a mature 
     defense innovation partnership described in paragraph (2), 
     the Secretary of Defense may--
       (A) at any time if circumstances have changed to make such 
     a partnership feasible, revise such determination; and
       (B) not earlier than 30 days after the date on which the 
     Secretary submits to the appropriate committees of Congress a 
     justification for the revision of such determination, enter 
     into such a partnership.
       (f) Annual Certification.--
       (1) In general.--Not later than one year after the date of 
     the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the 
     Secretary of State, in consultation with the Director of the 
     Central Intelligence Agency, with respect to each country 
     described in paragraph (2), shall submit to the appropriate 
     committees of Congress a certification as to whether the 
     country--
       (A) has in place and is fulfilling comprehensive and 
     effective measures to protect and prevent the transfer of 
     United States military technology to third parties; and
       (B) is intentionally misusing defense articles procured or 
     developed through the initiative under this section, 
     including against civilians or civilian infrastructure.
       (2) Countries described.--The countries described in this 
     paragraph are the following:
       (A) Israel.
       (B) The United Arab Emirates.
       (C) The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
       (D) The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan.
       (E) Qatar.
       (F) The Kingdom of Bahrain.
       (G) Each country within the area of responsibility of the 
     United States Central Command selected by the Secretary of 
     Defense, in coordination with the Commander of the United 
     States Central Command and the Defense Innovation Community 
     of Entities, as an ideal partner for collaboration in the 
     area of defense innovation.
       (g) Report.--Not later than one year after the date of the 
     enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense, with the 
     concurrence of the Secretary of State and in coordination 
     with the Defense Innovation Community of Entities, shall 
     submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report 
     that includes--
       (1) a description of the implementation of exploratory 
     defense innovation partnerships; and
       (2) the determination required by subsection (e) and a 
     justification for such determination.
       (h) Protection of Intellectual Property.--The Secretary of 
     Defense, in coordination with the Secretary of Commerce, 
     shall take all necessary steps to ensure the protection from 
     foreign actors of the intellectual property of United States 
     companies that participate in the initiative established 
     under subsection (a).
       (i) Definitions.--In this section:
       (1) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term 
     ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
       (A) the Committee on Armed Services and the Committee on 
     Foreign Relations of the Senate; and
       (B) the Committee on Armed Services and the Committee on 
     Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives.
       (2) Defense innovation partner in the middle east.--The 
     term ``defense innovation partner in the Middle East'' means 
     a country with respect to which the Secretary of State, in 
     consultation with the Director of the Central Intelligence 
     Agency, has submitted a certification under subsection (f)(1) 
     that the country--
       (A) has in place and is fulfilling comprehensive and 
     effective measures to protect and prevent the transfer of 
     United States military technology to third parties; and
       (B) is not intentionally misusing defense articles procured 
     or developed through initiative under this section, including 
     against civilians or civilian infrastructure.
       (3) Exploratory defense innovation partnership.--The term 
     ``exploratory defense innovation partnership'' means a 
     partnership that involves the following collaborative 
     activities between the United States and defense innovation 
     partners in the Middle East:
       (A) Convening events focused on defense innovation, with 
     participation of representatives of government, industry, and 
     investors of the United States and defense innovation 
     partners in the Middle East.
       (B) Information exchanges between the United States and 
     defense innovation partners in the Middle East to share best 
     practices with respect to the acquisition of commercial 
     technology that meets the needs of warfighters.
       (C) Meetings to share lessons learned on rapidly 
     prototyping, experimenting, and scaling innovative defense 
     solutions during an ongoing military conflict.
       (D) Any other collaborative activity to improve and 
     integrate the defense innovation base of the United States 
     and defense innovation partners in the Middle East.
                                 ______