[Congressional Record Volume 171, Number 131 (Wednesday, July 30, 2025)]
[Senate]
[Page S4946]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]

  SA 3176. Mr. PADILLA submitted an amendment intended to be proposed 
by him to the bill S. 2296, to authorize appropriations for fiscal year 
2026 for military activities of the Department of Defense, for military 
construction, and for defense activities of the Department of Energy, 
to prescribe military personnel strengths for such fiscal year, and for 
other purposes; which was ordered to lie on the table; as follows:

       At the end of subtitle F of title X, add the following:

     SEC. 1067. AGRICULTURE AND NATIONAL SECURITY.

       (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the 
     ``Agriculture and National Security Act of 2025''.
       (b) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
       (1) food and agriculture are critical to the national 
     security of the United States; and
       (2) additional efforts are needed to identify national 
     security vulnerabilities related to food and agriculture, 
     particularly with regard to emerging technologies.
       (c) Agriculture and National Security.--
       (1) Assistant secretary of agriculture for national 
     security.--
       (A) Establishment.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
     of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Agriculture 
     (referred to in this subsection as ``Secretary'') shall--
       (i) establish within the Office of the Secretary the 
     position of Assistant Secretary for National Security; and
       (ii) appoint an individual to the position of Assistant 
     Secretary for National Security.
       (B) Authorization.--Section 218(a) of the Department of 
     Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6918(a)) is 
     amended--
       (i) in paragraph (2), by striking ``and'';
       (ii) in paragraph (3), by striking the period and inserting 
     ``; and''; and
       (iii) by adding at the end the following:
       ``(4) Assistant Secretary of Agriculture for National 
     Security.''.
       (C) Duties.--Section 218 of the Department of Agriculture 
     Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6918) is amended by 
     adding at the end the following:
       ``(d) Duties of Assistant Secretary of Agriculture for 
     National Security.--The Secretary may delegate to the 
     Assistant Secretary of Agriculture for National Security 
     responsibility for--
       ``(1) serving as the principal advisor to the Secretary on 
     national security;
       ``(2) acting as the primary liaison on behalf of the 
     Department with the National Security Council and other 
     Federal departments and agencies in activities relating to 
     national security;
       ``(3) coordinating national security activities across the 
     Department, including--
       ``(A) the activities of the Office of Homeland Security 
     established under section 221;
       ``(B) the activities of the Intelligence Community 
     Counterintelligence Office established under section 7318 of 
     the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2024 
     (50 U.S.C. 3384);
       ``(C) the implementation of the Agricultural Foreign 
     Investment Disclosure Act of 1978 (7 U.S.C. 3501 et seq.); 
     and
       ``(D) the implementation of section 721 of the Defense 
     Production Act of 1950 (50 U.S.C. 4565); and
       ``(4) coordinating with stakeholders to identify national 
     security vulnerabilities and risk mitigation strategies 
     relevant to food and agriculture, particularly with regard to 
     emerging technologies and issues, including biotechnology, 
     artificial intelligence, drones, cybersecurity, and supply 
     chain vulnerabilities.''.
       (2) Interagency coordination.--Section 221(e) of the 
     Department of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 
     U.S.C. 6922(e)) is amended by adding at the end the 
     following:
       ``(3) Detailees authorized.--The Secretary may provide 
     detailees to, and accept and employ personnel detailed from, 
     defense, national and homeland security, law enforcement, and 
     intelligence agencies, with or without reimbursement, to 
     improve information sharing, vulnerability identification, 
     and risk mitigation related to food and agriculture.''.
       (3) Biennial reports.--Section 221 of the Department of 
     Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 6922) is 
     amended by adding at the end the following:
       ``(f) Biennial Reports.--Not later than 180 days after the 
     date of enactment of this subsection, and not less frequently 
     than once every 2 years thereafter, the Secretary shall 
     submit to Congress and the National Security Council a report 
     that includes--
       ``(1) from the perspective of the Department, an assessment 
     of any gaps or limitations in national security efforts 
     related to food and agriculture in the United States, 
     including--
       ``(A) influence of foreign state-owned enterprise;
       ``(B) control of and access to agricultural data;
       ``(C) foreign acquisition of intellectual property, 
     agricultural assets, and land;
       ``(D) agricultural input shortages and dependence on 
     foreign-sourced inputs;
       ``(E) supply chain and trade disruptions;
       ``(F) science and technology cooperation;
       ``(G) cybersecurity and artificial intelligence;
       ``(H) unequal investments in research, development, and 
     scale-up;
       ``(I) incongruent regulatory policies; and
       ``(J) other vulnerabilities throughout the food and 
     agriculture sector, particularly with regard to emerging 
     technologies;
       ``(2) the actions taken by the Secretary to address any 
     gaps or limitations identified under paragraph (1), including 
     through interagency coordination, threat information sharing, 
     and stakeholder outreach;
       ``(3) policy recommendations, including recommendations for 
     executive actions and legislative proposals--
       ``(A) to reduce any gaps or limitations identified under 
     paragraph (1); and
       ``(B) to address any identified vulnerabilities with 
     respect to the gaps or limitations identified under paragraph 
     (1); and
       ``(4) resources the Department requires to address current 
     and future national security vulnerabilities related to food 
     and agriculture, including gaps in personnel or access to 
     cleared systems.''.
       (4) Conforming amendment.--Section 296(b) of the Department 
     of Agriculture Reorganization Act of 1994 (7 U.S.C. 7014(b)) 
     is amended by adding at the end the following:
       ``(11) The authority of the Secretary to carry out the 
     amendments made to this title by the Agriculture and National 
     Security Act of 2025.''.
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