[Congressional Record Volume 171, Number 113 (Monday, June 30, 2025)]
[Senate]
[Pages S4111-S4115]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]

  SA 2724. Mr. LEE submitted an amendment intended to be proposed to 
amendment SA 2360 proposed by Mr. Thune (for Mr. Graham) to the bill 
H.R. 1, to provide for reconciliation pursuant to title II of H. Con. 
Res. 14; which was ordered to lie on the table; as follows:

        At the appropriate place, insert the following:

     SEC. __. REGULATIONS FROM THE EXECUTIVE IN NEED OF SCRUTINY 
                   ACT OF 2025.

       (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the 
     ``Regulations from the Executive in Need of Scrutiny Act of 
     2025''.
       (b) Purpose.--The purpose of this section is to increase 
     accountability for and transparency in the Federal regulatory 
     process. Section 1 of article I of the Constitution of the 
     United States grants all legislative powers to Congress. Over 
     time, Congress has excessively delegated its constitutional 
     charge while failing to conduct appropriate oversight and 
     retain accountability for the content of the laws it passes. 
     By requiring a vote in Congress, this Act will result in more 
     carefully drafted and detailed legislation, an improved 
     regulatory process, and a legislative branch that is truly 
     accountable to the American people for the laws imposed upon 
     them.
       (c) Congressional Review of Agency Rulemaking.--Chapter 8 
     of title 5, United States Code, is amended to read as 
     follows:

         ``CHAPTER 8--CONGRESSIONAL REVIEW OF AGENCY RULEMAKING

``Sec.
``801. Congressional review.
``802. Congressional approval procedure for major rules.
``803. Congressional disapproval procedure for nonmajor rules.
``804. Definitions.
``805. Judicial review.
``806. Affirmative defense.
``807. Private right of action.
``808. Exemption for monetary policy.
``809. Exemption for deregulatory actions.
``810. Effective date of certain rules.
``811. Regulatory planning and budget.
``812. Publication of guidance documents on the internet.
``813. Expiration of rules.
``814. Review of rules in effect.

     ``Sec. 801. Congressional review

       ``(a)(1)(A) Before a rule may take effect, the Federal 
     agency promulgating such rule shall publish in the Federal 
     Register a list of information on which the rule is based, 
     including data, scientific and economic studies, and cost-
     benefit analyses, and identify how the public can access such 
     information online, and shall submit to each House of the 
     Congress and to the Comptroller General a report containing--
       ``(i) a copy of the rule;
       ``(ii) a concise general statement relating to the rule;
       ``(iii) a classification of the rule as a major or nonmajor 
     rule, including an explanation of the classification 
     specifically addressing each criteria for a major rule 
     contained within subparagraphs (A) through (C) of section 
     804(3);
       ``(iv) a list of any other related regulatory actions 
     intended to implement the same statutory provision or 
     regulatory objective as well as the individual and aggregate 
     economic effects of those actions; and
       ``(v) the proposed effective date of the rule.
       ``(B) On the date of the submission of the report under 
     subparagraph (A), the Federal agency promulgating the rule 
     shall submit to the Comptroller General and make available to 
     each House of Congress--
       ``(i) a complete copy of the cost-benefit analysis of the 
     rule, if any, including an analysis of any jobs added or 
     lost, differentiating between public and private sector jobs;
       ``(ii) the agency's actions pursuant to sections 603, 604, 
     605, 607, and 609 of this title;
       ``(iii) the agency's actions pursuant to sections 202, 203, 
     204, and 205 of the Unfunded Mandates Reform Act of 1995 (2 
     U.S.C. 1532, 1533, 1534, 1535); and
       ``(iv) any other relevant information or requirements under 
     any other Act and any relevant Executive orders.
       ``(C) Upon receipt of a report submitted under subparagraph 
     (A), each House shall provide copies of the report to the 
     chairman and ranking member of each standing committee with 
     jurisdiction under the rules of the House of Representatives 
     or the Senate to report a bill to amend the provision of law 
     under which the rule is issued.
       ``(2)(A) The Comptroller General shall provide a report on 
     each major rule to the committees of jurisdiction by the end 
     of 15 calendar days after the submission or publication date. 
     The report of the Comptroller General shall include an 
     assessment of the agency's compliance with procedural steps 
     required by paragraph (1)(B) and an assessment of whether the 
     major rule imposes any new limits or mandates on private-
     sector activity.
       ``(B) Federal agencies shall cooperate with the Comptroller 
     General by providing information relevant to the Comptroller 
     General's report under subparagraph (A).
       ``(3) A major rule relating to a report submitted under 
     paragraph (1) shall take effect upon enactment of a joint 
     resolution of approval described in section 802 or as 
     provided for in the rule following enactment of a joint 
     resolution of approval described in section 802, whichever is 
     later.
       ``(4) A nonmajor rule shall take effect as provided by 
     section 803 after submission to Congress under paragraph (1).
       ``(5) If a joint resolution of approval relating to a major 
     rule is not enacted within the period provided in subsection 
     (b)(2), then a joint resolution of approval relating to the 
     same rule may not be considered under this chapter in the 
     same Congress by either the House of Representatives or the 
     Senate.
       ``(b)(1) A major rule shall not take effect unless the 
     Congress enacts a joint resolution of approval described 
     under section 802.
       ``(2) If a joint resolution described in subsection (a) is 
     not enacted into law by the end of 70 session days or 
     legislative days, as applicable, beginning on the date on 
     which the report referred to in subsection (a)(1)(A) is 
     received by Congress (excluding days either House of Congress 
     is adjourned for more than 3 days during a session of 
     Congress), then the rule described in that resolution shall 
     be deemed not to be approved and such rule shall not take 
     effect.
       ``(c)(1) Notwithstanding any other provision of this 
     section (except subject to paragraph (3)), a major rule may 
     take effect for one 90-calendar-day period if the President 
     makes a determination under paragraph (2) and submits written 
     notice of such determination to the Congress.
       ``(2) Paragraph (1) applies to a determination made by the 
     President by Executive order that the major rule should take 
     effect because such rule is--
       ``(A) necessary because of an imminent threat to health or 
     safety or other emergency;
       ``(B) necessary for the enforcement of criminal laws;
       ``(C) necessary for national security; or
       ``(D) issued pursuant to any statute implementing an 
     international trade agreement.
       ``(3) An exercise by the President of the authority under 
     this subsection shall have no effect on the procedures under 
     section 802.
       ``(d)(1) In addition to the opportunity for review 
     otherwise provided under this chapter, in the case of any 
     rule for which a report was submitted in accordance with 
     subsection (a)(1)(A) during the period beginning on the date 
     occurring--
       ``(A) in the case of the Senate, 60 session days; or
       ``(B) in the case of the House of Representatives, 60 
     legislative days,
     before the date the Congress is scheduled to adjourn a 
     session of Congress through the date on which the same or 
     succeeding Congress first convenes its next session, sections 
     802 and 803 shall apply to such rule in the succeeding 
     session of Congress.
       ``(2)(A) In applying sections 802 and 803 for purposes of 
     such additional review, a rule described under paragraph (1) 
     shall be treated as though--

[[Page S4112]]

       ``(i) such rule were published in the Federal Register on--
       ``(I) in the case of the Senate, the 15th session day; or
       ``(II) in the case of the House of Representatives, the 
     15th legislative day,
     after the succeeding session of Congress first convenes; and
       ``(ii) a report on such rule were submitted to Congress 
     under subsection (a)(1) on such date.
       ``(B) Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to 
     affect the requirement under subsection (a)(1) that a report 
     shall be submitted to Congress before a rule can take effect.
       ``(3) A rule described under paragraph (1) shall take 
     effect as otherwise provided by law (including other 
     subsections of this section).

     ``Sec. 802. Congressional approval procedure for major rules

       ``(a)(1) For purposes of this section, the term `joint 
     resolution' means only a joint resolution addressing a report 
     classifying a rule as major pursuant to section 
     801(a)(1)(A)(iii) that--
       ``(A) bears no preamble;
       ``(B) bears the following title (with blanks filled as 
     appropriate): `Approving the rule submitted by ___ relating 
     to ___.';
       ``(C) includes after its resolving clause only the 
     following (with blanks filled as appropriate): `That Congress 
     approves the rule submitted by ___ relating to ___.'; and
       ``(D) is introduced pursuant to paragraph (2).
       ``(2) After a House of Congress receives a report 
     classifying a rule as major pursuant to section 
     801(a)(1)(A)(iii), the majority leader of that House (or his 
     or her respective designee) shall introduce (by request, if 
     appropriate) a joint resolution described in paragraph (1)--
       ``(A) in the case of the House of Representatives, within 3 
     legislative days; and
       ``(B) in the case of the Senate, within 3 session days.
       ``(3) A joint resolution described in paragraph (1) shall 
     not be subject to amendment at any stage of proceeding.
       ``(b) A joint resolution described in subsection (a) shall 
     be referred in each House of Congress to the committees 
     having jurisdiction over the provision of law under which the 
     rule is issued.
       ``(c) In the Senate, if the committee or committees to 
     which a joint resolution described in subsection (a) has been 
     referred have not reported it at the end of 15 session days 
     after its introduction, such committee or committees shall be 
     automatically discharged from further consideration of the 
     resolution and it shall be placed on the calendar. A vote on 
     final passage of the resolution shall be taken on or before 
     the close of the 15th session day after the resolution is 
     reported by the committee or committees to which it was 
     referred, or after such committee or committees have been 
     discharged from further consideration of the resolution.
       ``(d)(1) In the Senate, when the committee or committees to 
     which a joint resolution is referred have reported, or when a 
     committee or committees are discharged (under subsection (c)) 
     from further consideration of a joint resolution described in 
     subsection (a), it is at any time thereafter in order (even 
     though a previous motion to the same effect has been 
     disagreed to) for a motion to proceed to the consideration of 
     the joint resolution, and all points of order against the 
     joint resolution (and against consideration of the joint 
     resolution) are waived. The motion is not subject to 
     amendment, or to a motion to postpone, or to a motion to 
     proceed to the consideration of other business. A motion to 
     reconsider the vote by which the motion is agreed to or 
     disagreed to shall not be in order. If a motion to proceed to 
     the consideration of the joint resolution is agreed to, the 
     joint resolution shall remain the unfinished business of the 
     Senate until disposed of.
       ``(2) In the Senate, debate on the joint resolution, and on 
     all debatable motions and appeals in connection therewith, 
     shall be limited to not more than 2 hours, which shall be 
     divided equally between those favoring and those opposing the 
     joint resolution. A motion to further limit debate is in 
     order and not debatable. An amendment to, or a motion to 
     postpone, or a motion to proceed to the consideration of 
     other business, or a motion to recommit the joint resolution 
     is not in order.
       ``(3) In the Senate, immediately following the conclusion 
     of the debate on a joint resolution described in subsection 
     (a), and a single quorum call at the conclusion of the debate 
     if requested in accordance with the rules of the Senate, the 
     vote on final passage of the joint resolution shall occur.
       ``(4) Appeals from the decisions of the Chair relating to 
     the application of the rules of the Senate to the procedure 
     relating to a joint resolution described in subsection (a) 
     shall be decided without debate.
       ``(e) In the House of Representatives, if any committee to 
     which a joint resolution described in subsection (a) has been 
     referred has not reported it to the House at the end of 15 
     legislative days after its introduction, such committee shall 
     be discharged from further consideration of the joint 
     resolution, and it shall be placed on the appropriate 
     calendar. On the second and fourth Thursdays of each month it 
     shall be in order at any time for the Speaker to recognize a 
     Member who favors passage of a joint resolution that has 
     appeared on the calendar for at least 5 legislative days to 
     call up that joint resolution for immediate consideration in 
     the House without intervention of any point of order. When so 
     called up a joint resolution shall be considered as read and 
     shall be debatable for 1 hour equally divided and controlled 
     by the proponent and an opponent, and the previous question 
     shall be considered as ordered to its passage without 
     intervening motion. It shall not be in order to reconsider 
     the vote on passage. If a vote on final passage of the joint 
     resolution has not been taken by the third Thursday on which 
     the Speaker may recognize a Member under this subsection, 
     such vote shall be taken on that day.
       ``(f)(1) If, before passing a joint resolution described in 
     subsection (a), one House receives from the other a joint 
     resolution having the same text, then--
       ``(A) the joint resolution of the other House shall not be 
     referred to a committee; and
       ``(B) the procedure in the receiving House shall be the 
     same as if no joint resolution had been received from the 
     other House until the vote on passage, when the joint 
     resolution received from the other House shall supplant the 
     joint resolution of the receiving House.
       ``(2) This subsection shall not apply to the House of 
     Representatives if the joint resolution received from the 
     Senate is a revenue measure.
       ``(g) If either House has not taken a vote on final passage 
     of the joint resolution by the last day of the period 
     described in section 801(b)(2), then such vote shall be taken 
     on that day.
       ``(h) This section and section 803 are enacted by 
     Congress--
       ``(1) as an exercise of the rulemaking power of the Senate 
     and House of Representatives, respectively, and as such are 
     deemed to be part of the rules of each House, respectively, 
     but applicable only with respect to the procedure to be 
     followed in that House in the case of a joint resolution 
     described in subsection (a) and superseding other rules only 
     where explicitly so; and
       ``(2) with full recognition of the constitutional right of 
     either House to change the rules (so far as they relate to 
     the procedure of that House) at any time, in the same manner 
     and to the same extent as in the case of any other rule of 
     that House.

     ``Sec. 803. Congressional disapproval procedure for nonmajor 
       rules

       ``(a) For purposes of this section, the term `joint 
     resolution' means only a joint resolution introduced in the 
     period beginning on the date on which the report referred to 
     in section 801(a)(1)(A) is received by Congress and ending 60 
     days thereafter (excluding days either House of Congress is 
     adjourned for more than 3 days during a session of Congress), 
     the matter after the resolving clause of which is as follows: 
     `That Congress disapproves the nonmajor rule submitted by the 
     ___ relating to ___, and such rule shall have no force or 
     effect.' (The blank spaces being appropriately filled in).
       ``(b) A joint resolution described in subsection (a) shall 
     be referred to the committees in each House of Congress with 
     jurisdiction.
       ``(c) In the Senate, if the committee to which is referred 
     a joint resolution described in subsection (a) has not 
     reported such joint resolution (or an identical joint 
     resolution) at the end of 15 session days after the date of 
     introduction of the joint resolution, such committee may be 
     discharged from further consideration of such joint 
     resolution upon a petition supported in writing by 30 Members 
     of the Senate, and such joint resolution shall be placed on 
     the calendar.
       ``(d)(1) In the Senate, when the committee to which a joint 
     resolution is referred has reported, or when a committee is 
     discharged (under subsection (c)) from further consideration 
     of a joint resolution described in subsection (a), it is at 
     any time thereafter in order (even though a previous motion 
     to the same effect has been disagreed to) for a motion to 
     proceed to the consideration of the joint resolution, and all 
     points of order against the joint resolution (and against 
     consideration of the joint resolution) are waived. The motion 
     is not subject to amendment, or to a motion to postpone, or 
     to a motion to proceed to the consideration of other 
     business. A motion to reconsider the vote by which the motion 
     is agreed to or disagreed to shall not be in order. If a 
     motion to proceed to the consideration of the joint 
     resolution is agreed to, the joint resolution shall remain 
     the unfinished business of the Senate until disposed of.
       ``(2) In the Senate, debate on the joint resolution, and on 
     all debatable motions and appeals in connection therewith, 
     shall be limited to not more than 10 hours, which shall be 
     divided equally between those favoring and those opposing the 
     joint resolution. A motion to further limit debate is in 
     order and not debatable. An amendment to, or a motion to 
     postpone, or a motion to proceed to the consideration of 
     other business, or a motion to recommit the joint resolution 
     is not in order.
       ``(3) In the Senate, immediately following the conclusion 
     of the debate on a joint resolution described in subsection 
     (a), and a single quorum call at the conclusion of the debate 
     if requested in accordance with the rules of the Senate, the 
     vote on final passage of the joint resolution shall occur.
       ``(4) Appeals from the decisions of the Chair relating to 
     the application of the rules of the Senate to the procedure 
     relating to a joint resolution described in subsection (a) 
     shall be decided without debate.

[[Page S4113]]

       ``(e) In the Senate, the procedure specified in subsection 
     (c) or (d) shall not apply to the consideration of a joint 
     resolution respecting a nonmajor rule--
       ``(1) after the expiration of the 60 session days beginning 
     with the applicable submission or publication date; or
       ``(2) if the report under section 801(a)(1)(A) was 
     submitted during the period referred to in section 801(d)(1), 
     after the expiration of the 60 session days beginning on the 
     15th session day after the succeeding session of Congress 
     first convenes.
       ``(f) If, before the passage by one House of a joint 
     resolution of that House described in subsection (a), that 
     House receives from the other House a joint resolution 
     described in subsection (a), then the following procedures 
     shall apply:
       ``(1) The joint resolution of the other House shall not be 
     referred to a committee.
       ``(2) With respect to a joint resolution described in 
     subsection (a) of the House receiving the joint resolution--
       ``(A) the procedure in that House shall be the same as if 
     no joint resolution had been received from the other House; 
     but
       ``(B) the vote on final passage shall be on the joint 
     resolution of the other House.

     ``Sec. 804. Definitions

       ``For purposes of this chapter:
       ``(1) The term `Federal agency' means any agency as that 
     term is defined in section 551(1).
       ``(2) The term `guidance document' means a statement of 
     general applicability and future effect, other than a 
     regulatory action, issued by a Federal agency that sets 
     forth--
       ``(A) a policy on a statutory, regulatory, or technical 
     issue; or
       ``(B) an interpretation of a statutory or regulatory issue.
       ``(3) The term `major rule'--
       ``(A) means any rule, including an interim final rule, that 
     the Administrator of the Office of Information and Regulatory 
     Affairs of the Office of Management and Budget finds has 
     resulted in or is likely to result in--
       ``(i) an annual effect on the economy of $100 million or 
     more;
       ``(ii) a major increase in costs or prices for consumers, 
     individual industries, Federal, State, or local government 
     agencies, or geographic regions; or
       ``(iii) significant adverse effects on competition, 
     employment, investment, productivity, innovation, or the 
     ability of United States-based enterprises to compete with 
     foreign-based enterprises in domestic and export markets;
       ``(B) includes any significant guidance document; and
       ``(C) does not include any rule promulgated under the 
     Telecommunications Act of 1996 (Public Law 104-104; 110 Stat. 
     56) or the amendments made by that Act.
       ``(4) The term `nonmajor rule' means any rule that is not a 
     major rule.
       ``(5) The term `rule'--
       ``(A) has the meaning given such term in section 551, 
     except that such term does not include--
       ``(i) any rule of particular applicability, including a 
     rule that approves or prescribes for the future rates, wages, 
     prices, services, or allowances therefore, corporate or 
     financial structures, reorganizations, mergers, or 
     acquisitions thereof, or accounting practices or disclosures 
     bearing on any of the foregoing;
       ``(ii) any rule relating to agency management or personnel; 
     or
       ``(iii) any rule of agency organization, procedure, or 
     practice that does not substantially affect the rights or 
     obligations of non-agency parties; and
       ``(B) includes any guidance document.
       ``(6) The term `significant guidance document'--
       ``(A) means a guidance document disseminated to regulated 
     entities or the general public that may reasonably be 
     anticipated to--
       ``(i) lead to an annual effect of $100,000,000 or more, or 
     adversely affect in a material way the economy, a sector of 
     the economy, productivity, competition, employment, the 
     environment, public health or safety, or State, local, or 
     Tribal governments or communities;
       ``(ii) create a serious inconsistency, or otherwise 
     interfere, with an action taken or planned by another agency;
       ``(iii) materially alter the budgetary impact of any 
     entitlement, grant, user fees, or loan programs, or the 
     rights or obligations of recipients thereof; or
       ``(iv) raise novel legal or policy issues arising out of 
     legal mandates; and
       ``(B) does not include any guidance document--
       ``(i) on regulations issued in accordance with section 556 
     or 557 of this title;
       ``(ii) that pertains to a military or foreign affairs 
     function of the United States, other than procurement 
     regulations and regulations involving the import or export of 
     non-defense articles and services;
       ``(iii) on regulations that are limited to the 
     organization, management, or personnel matters of a Federal 
     agency; or
       ``(iv) belonging to a category of guidance documents 
     exempted by the Administrator of the Office of Information 
     and Regulatory Affairs.
       ``(7) The term `submission or publication date', except as 
     otherwise provided in this chapter, means--
       ``(A) in the case of a major rule, the date on which the 
     Congress receives the report submitted under section 
     801(a)(1); and
       ``(B) in the case of a nonmajor rule, the later of--
       ``(i) the date on which the Congress receives the report 
     submitted under section 801(a)(1); and
       ``(ii) the date on which the nonmajor rule is published in 
     the Federal Register, if so published.

     ``Sec. 805. Judicial review

       ``(a) No determination, finding, action, or omission under 
     this chapter shall be subject to judicial review.
       ``(b) Notwithstanding subsection (a), a court may determine 
     whether a Federal agency has completed the necessary 
     requirements under this chapter for a rule to take effect.
       ``(c) The enactment of a joint resolution of approval under 
     section 802 shall not be interpreted to serve as a grant or 
     modification of statutory authority by Congress for the 
     promulgation of a rule, shall not extinguish or affect any 
     claim, whether substantive or procedural, against any alleged 
     defect in a rule, and shall not form part of the record 
     before the court in any judicial proceeding concerning a rule 
     except for purposes of determining whether or not the rule is 
     in effect.

     ``Sec. 806. Affirmative defense

       ``It shall be an affirmative defense against an alleged 
     violation of a rule for a defendant in any administrative 
     proceeding of a Federal agency, or before a court of the 
     United States, if an individual of ordinary intelligence 
     could not anticipate from the statutory language of a 
     provision of law purported to form the basis for the rule in 
     question that the conduct of the individual would be 
     unlawful.

     ``Sec. 807. Private right of action

       ``(a) A person aggrieved by the failure of a Federal agency 
     to comply with the requirements under this chapter may bring 
     a civil action in an appropriate district court of the United 
     States for injunctive relief before the date on which the 
     final rule in question takes effect.
       ``(b)(1) A person that can demonstrate potential injury 
     from a final rule before or after the final rule takes effect 
     may bring a civil action in an appropriate district court of 
     the United States to challenge the determination of the 
     Federal agency that the rule is not a major rule under 
     section 801(a)(1)(A)(iii).
       ``(2) In a civil action brought under paragraph (1), the 
     court may--
       ``(A) invalidate the final rule in question; or
       ``(B) determine that the final rule in question is a major 
     rule and require the Federal agency to comply with the 
     requirements under this chapter applicable to major rules, 
     including congressional approval under section 802.

     ``Sec. 808. Exemption for monetary policy

       ``Nothing in this chapter shall apply to rules that concern 
     monetary policy proposed or implemented by the Board of 
     Governors of the Federal Reserve System or the Federal Open 
     Market Committee.

     ``Sec. 809. Exemption for deregulatory actions

       ``Sections 802 and 803 shall not apply to a rule identified 
     as a deregulatory action in the Unified Agenda and Annual 
     Regulatory Plan under section 811.

     ``Sec. 810. Effective date of certain rules

       ``Notwithstanding section 801--
       ``(1) any rule that establishes, modifies, opens, closes, 
     or conducts a regulatory program for a commercial, 
     recreational, or subsistence activity related to hunting, 
     fishing, or camping; or
       ``(2) any rule other than a major rule which a Federal 
     agency for good cause finds (and incorporates the finding and 
     a brief statement of reasons therefore in the rule issued) 
     that notice and public procedure thereon are impracticable, 
     unnecessary, or contrary to the public interest,
     shall take effect at such time as the Federal agency 
     promulgating the rule determines.

     ``Sec. 811. Regulatory planning and budget

       ``(a) In this section:
       ``(1) The term `costs' means opportunity cost to society.
       ``(2) The term `cost savings' means the cost imposed by a 
     regulatory action that is eliminated by the repeal, 
     replacement, or modification of such regulatory action.
       ``(3) The term `deregulatory action' means the repeal, 
     replacement, or modification of an existing regulatory 
     action.
       ``(4) The term `Director' means the Director of the Office 
     of Management and Budget.
       ``(5) The term `incremental regulatory cost' means the 
     difference between the estimated cost of issuing a 
     significant regulatory action and the estimated cost saved by 
     issuing any deregulatory action.
       ``(6) The term `regulation' or `rule' has the meaning given 
     the term `rule' in section 804.
       ``(7) The term `regulatory action' means--
       ``(A) any regulation; and
       ``(B) any other regulatory guidance, statement of policy, 
     information collection request, form, or reporting, 
     recordkeeping, or disclosure requirements that imposes a 
     burden on the public or governs Federal agency operations.
       ``(8) The term `significant regulatory action' means any 
     regulatory action, other than monetary policy proposed or 
     implemented by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve 
     System or the Federal Open Market Committee, that is likely 
     to--
       ``(A) have an annual effect on the economy of $100,000,000 
     or more or adversely affect in a material way the economy, a 
     sector of the economy, productivity, competition, jobs,

[[Page S4114]]

     the environment, public health or safety, or State, local, or 
     Tribal governments or communities;
       ``(B) create a serious inconsistency or otherwise interfere 
     with an action taken or planned by another Federal agency;
       ``(C) materially alter the budgetary impact of 
     entitlements, grants, user fees, or loan programs or the 
     rights and obligations of recipients thereof; or
       ``(D) raise a novel legal or policy issue.
       ``(9) The term `State' means each of the several States, 
     the District of Columbia, and each territory or possession of 
     the United States.
       ``(b)(1) During the months of April and October of each 
     year, the Director shall publish a unified regulatory agenda, 
     which shall include--
       ``(A) regulatory and deregulatory actions under development 
     or review at agencies;
       ``(B) a Federal regulatory plan of all significant 
     regulatory actions and associated deregulatory actions that 
     agencies reasonably expect to issue in proposed or final form 
     in the current and following fiscal year; and
       ``(C) all information required to be included in the 
     regulatory flexibility agenda under section 602 of this 
     title.
       ``(2) In accordance with guidance issued by the Director 
     and not less than 60 days before each date of publication for 
     the unified regulatory agenda under paragraph (1), the head 
     of each Federal agency shall submit to the Director an agenda 
     of all regulatory actions and deregulatory actions under 
     development at the Federal agency, including the following:
       ``(A) For each regulatory action and deregulatory action:
       ``(i) A regulation identifier number.
       ``(ii) A brief summary of the action.
       ``(iii) The legal authority for the action.
       ``(iv) Any legal deadline for the action.
       ``(v) The name and contact information for a knowledgeable 
     Federal agency official.
       ``(vi) Any other information as required by the Director.
       ``(B) An annual regulatory plan, which shall include a list 
     of each significant regulatory action the Federal agency 
     reasonably expects to issue in proposed or final form in the 
     current and following fiscal year, including for each 
     significant regulatory action:
       ``(i) A summary, including the following:
       ``(I) A statement of the regulatory objectives.
       ``(II) The legal authority for the action.
       ``(III) A statement of the need for the action.
       ``(IV) The Federal agency's schedule for the action.
       ``(ii) The estimated cost.
       ``(iii) The estimated benefits.
       ``(iv) Any deregulatory action identified.
       ``(v) A best approximation of the total cost or savings and 
     any cost or savings associated with a deregulatory action.
       ``(vi) An estimate of the economic effects, including any 
     estimate of the net effect that such action will have on the 
     number of jobs in the United States, that was considered in 
     drafting the action, or, if such estimate is not available, a 
     statement affirming that no information on the economic 
     effects, including the effect on the number of jobs, of the 
     action has been considered.
       ``(C) Information required under section 602 of this title.
       ``(D) Information required under any other law to be 
     reported by agencies about significant regulatory actions, as 
     determined by the Director.
       ``(c)(1) In the April unified regulatory agenda described 
     in subsection (b), the Director--
       ``(A) shall establish the annual Federal Regulatory Budget, 
     which specifies the net amount of incremental regulatory 
     costs allowed by the Federal Government and at each Federal 
     agency for the next fiscal year; and
       ``(B) may set the incremental regulatory cost allowance to 
     allow an increase, prohibit an increase, or require a 
     decrease of incremental regulatory costs.
       ``(2) If the Director does not set a net amount of 
     incremental regulatory costs allowed for a Federal agency, 
     the net incremental regulatory cost allowed shall be zero.
       ``(d) Except as otherwise required by law, a significant 
     regulatory action shall have no effect unless--
       ``(1) the--
       ``(A) head of the Federal agency identifies at least 1 
     deregulatory action to offset the costs of the significant 
     regulatory action and issues the deregulatory action before 
     or on the same schedule as the significant regulatory action;
       ``(B) incremental costs of the significant regulatory 
     action as offset by any deregulatory action issued before or 
     on the same schedule as the significant regulatory action do 
     not cause the Federal agency to exceed or contribute to the 
     Federal agency exceeding the incremental regulatory cost 
     allowance of the Federal agency for that fiscal year; and
       ``(C) significant regulatory action was included on the 
     most recent version or update of the published unified 
     regulatory agenda; or
       ``(2) the issuance of the significant regulatory action was 
     approved in advance in writing by the Director and the 
     written approval is publicly available online prior to the 
     issuance of the significant regulatory action.
       ``(e)(1) Not later than 90 days after the date of the 
     enactment of this section, the Director shall establish and 
     issue guidance on how agencies should comply with the 
     requirements of this section. Such guidance shall include the 
     following:
       ``(A) A process for standardizing the measurement and 
     estimation of regulatory costs, including cost savings 
     associated with deregulatory actions.
       ``(B) Standards for determining what qualifies as a 
     deregulatory action.
       ``(C) Standards for determining the costs of existing 
     regulatory actions that are considered for repeal, 
     replacement, or modification.
       ``(D) Standards by which the Director will determine 
     whether a regulatory action or a collection of regulatory 
     actions qualifies as a significant regulatory action.
       ``(2) The Director shall update the guidance issued 
     pursuant to this subsection as necessary.

     ``Sec. 812. Publication of guidance documents on the internet

       ``(a) In this section, the term `Director' means the 
     Director of the Office of Management and Budget.
       ``(b) Subject to subsection (e), on the date on which a 
     Federal agency issues a guidance document, the Federal agency 
     shall publish the guidance document in accordance with the 
     requirements under subsection (d).
       ``(c) Subject to subsection (e), not later than 180 days 
     after the date of enactment of this section, each Federal 
     agency shall publish, in accordance with the requirements 
     under subsection (c), any guidance document issued by that 
     Federal agency that is in effect on that date.
       ``(d)(1) All guidance documents published under subsections 
     (b) and (c) by a Federal agency shall be published in a 
     single location on an internet website designated by the 
     Director under paragraph (4).
       ``(2) Each Federal agency shall, for guidance documents 
     published by the Federal agency under subsections (b) and 
     (c), publish a hyperlink on the internet website of the 
     Federal agency that provides access to the guidance documents 
     at the location described in paragraph (1).
       ``(3)(A) The guidance documents described in paragraph (1) 
     shall be--
       ``(i) categorized as guidance documents; and
       ``(ii) further divided into subcategories as appropriate.
       ``(B) The hyperlinks described in paragraph (2) shall be 
     prominently displayed on the internet website of the Federal 
     agency.
       ``(4) Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of 
     this section, the Director shall designate an internet 
     website on which guidance documents shall be published under 
     subsections (b) and (c).
       ``(e) If a guidance document issued by a Federal agency is 
     a document that is exempt from disclosure under section 
     552(b) of this title (commonly known as the `Freedom of 
     Information Act'), or contains information that is exempt 
     from disclosure under that section, that document or 
     information, as the case may be, shall not be subject to the 
     requirements under this section.
       ``(f) On the date on which a guidance document issued by a 
     Federal agency is rescinded, or, in the case of a guidance 
     document that is rescinded pursuant to a court order, not 
     later than the date on which the order is entered, the 
     Federal agency shall, at the location described in subsection 
     (d)(1)--
       ``(1) maintain the rescinded guidance document; and
       ``(2) indicate--
       ``(A) that the guidance document is rescinded;
       ``(B) if the guidance document was rescinded pursuant to a 
     court order, the case number of the case in which the order 
     was entered; and
       ``(C) the date on which the guidance document was 
     rescinded.

     ``Sec. 813. Expiration of rules

       ``(a)(1) Except as provided in this section, each major 
     rule made by a Federal agency shall cease to have effect--
       ``(A) beginning on the date that is 10 years after the date 
     of enactment of a joint resolution described in subsection 
     (d) with regard to the rule; or
       ``(B) if a joint resolution of extension described in 
     subsection (d) has been enacted with regard to the rule, 
     beginning on the date that is 10 years after the date of 
     enactment of the most recently enacted such joint resolution.
       ``(2) The rule may not be reissued in substantially the 
     same form, and a new rule that is substantially the same as 
     such a rule may not be issued, unless the reissued or new 
     rule is specifically authorized by a law enacted after the 
     date described in this subsection (a).
       ``(b) Not later than 180 days before the date described in 
     subsection (a), the Federal agency shall submit a report 
     similar to the report described in 801(a)(1)(A) to each House 
     of Congress and to the Comptroller General, except that 
     instead of the proposed effective date, such report shall 
     contain the date described in subsection (a).
       ``(c) The President may by Executive order exempt not more 
     than 1 rule during each Congress from the application of 
     subsection (a) for a period of not more than 30 days if the 
     President determines, and submits to Congress written notice 
     of such determination, that such rule is--
       ``(1) necessary because of an imminent threat to health or 
     safety or other emergency;
       ``(2) necessary for the enforcement of criminal laws;

[[Page S4115]]

       ``(3) necessary for national security; or
       ``(4) issued pursuant to any statute implementing an 
     international trade agreement.
       ``(d)(1) For purposes of this section, the term `joint 
     resolution' means only a joint resolution introduced on or 
     after the date on which the report referred to subsection (b) 
     is received by Congress (excluding days either House of 
     Congress is adjourned for more than 3 days during a session 
     of Congress), the matter after the resolving clause of which 
     is as follows: ``That Congress extends the rule submitted by 
     the __ relating to __.'' (The blank spaces being 
     appropriately filled in). The following shall apply to such a 
     joint resolution:
       ``(A) In the House, the majority leader of the House of 
     Representatives (or his designee) and the minority leader of 
     the House of Representatives (or his designee) shall 
     introduce such joint resolution (by request), within 3 
     legislative days after Congress receives the report submitted 
     under subsection (b).
       ``(B) In the Senate, the majority leader of the Senate (or 
     his designee) and the minority leader of the Senate (or his 
     designee) shall introduce such joint resolution described in 
     subsection (a) (by request), within 3 session days after 
     Congress receives the report submitted under subsection (b).
       ``(2) Subsections (b) through (g) of section 802 shall 
     apply to a joint resolution described in paragraph (1) of 
     this subsection in the same manner as a joint resolution 
     described in subsection (a) of section 802, except that for 
     purposes of that subsection, the term `submission date' means 
     the date on which the Congress receives the report submitted 
     under subsection (b).

     ``Sec. 814. Review of rules in effect

       ``(a) Beginning on the date that is 6 months after the date 
     of enactment of this section and annually thereafter for the 
     9 years following, each Federal agency shall designate not 
     less than 10 percent of eligible rules made by that Federal 
     agency for review, and shall submit a report including each 
     such eligible rule in the same manner as a report under 
     section 801(a)(1). Section 801 and section 802 shall apply to 
     each such rule, subject to subsection (c) of this section. No 
     eligible rule previously designated may be designated again.
       ``(b) Beginning after the date that is 10 years after the 
     date of enactment of this section, if Congress has not 
     enacted a joint resolution of approval for that eligible 
     rule, that eligible rule shall not continue in effect.
       ``(c) In applying sections 801 and 802 to eligible rules 
     under this section, the following shall apply:
       ``(1) The words `take effect' shall be read as `continue in 
     effect'.
       ``(2) Except as provided in paragraph (3), a single joint 
     resolution of approval shall apply to all eligible rules in a 
     report designated for a year, and the matter after the 
     resolving clause of that joint resolution is as follows: 
     ``That Congress approves the rules submitted by the __ for 
     the year __.'' (The blank spaces being appropriately filled 
     in).
       ``(3) It shall be in order to consider any amendment that 
     provides for specific conditions on which the approval of a 
     particular eligible rule included in the joint resolution is 
     contingent.
       ``(4) A Member of either House may move that a separate 
     joint resolution be required for a specified rule.
       ``(d) In this section, the term `eligible rule' means a 
     major rule that is in effect as of the date of enactment of 
     this section.''.
       (d) Budgetary Effects of Rules Subject to Section 802 of 
     Title 5, United States Code.--Section 257(b)(2) of the 
     Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 (2 
     U.S.C. 907(b)(2)) is amended by adding at the end the 
     following new subparagraph:
       ``(E) Budgetary effects of rules subject to section 802 of 
     title 5, united states code.--Any rule subject to the 
     congressional approval procedure set forth in section 802 of 
     title 5, United States Code, affecting budget authority, 
     outlays, or receipts shall be assumed to be effective unless 
     it is not approved in accordance with such section.''.
       (e) Government Accountability Office Study of Rules.--
       (1) In general.--The Comptroller General of the United 
     States shall conduct a study to determine, as of the date of 
     enactment of this Act--
       (A) how many rules (as such term is defined in section 804 
     of title 5, United States Code) were in effect;
       (B) how many major rules (as such term is defined in 
     section 804 of title 5, United States Code) were in effect; 
     and
       (C) the total estimated economic cost imposed by all such 
     rules.
       (2) Report.--Not later than 1 year after the date of the 
     enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United 
     States shall submit a report to Congress that contains the 
     findings of the study conducted under paragraph (1).
       (f) Definition of ``rule'' to Include Significant 
     Guidance.--Section 551(4) of title 5, United States Code, is 
     amended by inserting before the semicolon at the end the 
     following: ``, as well as significant guidance (as such term 
     is defined in section 804).''.
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