[Congressional Record Volume 171, Number 113 (Monday, June 30, 2025)]
[Senate]
[Pages S4089-S4091]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]

  SA 2658. Mr. SCOTT of South Carolina submitted an amendment intended 
to be proposed to amendment SA 2360 proposed by Mr. Thune (for Mr. 
Graham) to the bill H.R. 1, to provide for reconciliation pursuant to 
title II of H. Con. Res. 14; which was ordered to lie on the table; as 
follows:

       At the appropriate place in title VII, insert the 
     following:

     SEC. _____. TREATMENT OF CERTAIN EXCESS PLAN ASSETS.

       (a) Transfer of Excess Health Assets for Funding Active 
     Employee Benefits.--
       (1) In general.--Section 420 is amended by adding at the 
     end the following new subsection:
       ``(h) Transfer of Excess Health Assets for Funding Active 
     Employee Benefits.--
       ``(1) In general.--In the case of a pension plan with 
     excess health assets for a fiscal year--
       ``(A) an amount equal to such excess health assets may be 
     transferred in accordance with paragraph (3) from a health 
     benefits account established under section 401(h),
       ``(B) a trust which is part of such plan shall not be 
     treated as failing to meet the requirements of subsection (a) 
     or (h) of section 401 solely by reason of such transfer (or 
     any other action authorized under this subsection),
       ``(C) no amount shall be includible in the gross income of 
     the employer maintaining the plan solely by reason of such 
     transfer,
       ``(D) such transfer shall not be treated--
       ``(i) as an employer reversion for purposes of section 
     4980, or
       ``(ii) as a prohibited transaction for purposes of section 
     4975, and
       ``(E) the limitations of paragraph (4) shall apply to the 
     employer.
       ``(2) Excess health assets.--For purposes of this 
     subsection--
       ``(A) In general.--The term `excess health assets' means 
     the amount by which the applicable assets with respect to a 
     retiree health plan exceed an amount equal to 125 percent of 
     the total liability of the employer for benefits for all 
     participants under the retiree health plan, determined in 
     accordance with applicable accounting standards.
       ``(B) Limitation.--In determining excess health assets, 
     there shall not be taken into account--
       ``(i) amounts attributable to contributions (other than 
     transfers under any other subsection of this section, or 
     contributions made pursuant to a legally binding commitment 
     entered into before January 1, 2024) made after December 31, 
     2023, to any health benefits account established under 
     section 401(h) with respect to the retiree health plan, or
       ``(ii) any reduction in the liability of the employer 
     described in subparagraph (A) due to a reduction in benefits 
     pursuant to an amendment to the retiree health plan adopted 
     after December 31, 2023.
       ``(C) Terminating plans.--In the case of a terminating 
     pension plan which includes a health benefits account under 
     section 401(h), all assets in such health benefits account 
     shall be treated as excess health assets.
       ``(D) Applicable assets.--For purposes of subparagraph (A), 
     the term `applicable assets' means all assets with respect to 
     a retiree health benefits plan of an employer--
       ``(i) in a health benefits account established under 
     section 401(h), or
       ``(ii) held by a voluntary employees' beneficiary 
     association (as defined in section 501(c)(9)).
       ``(3) Transfers permitted.--
       ``(A) In general.--A transfer under this paragraph is a 
     transfer--
       ``(i) of excess health assets, in the fiscal year 
     immediately succeeding the fiscal year with respect to which 
     such excess health assets are determined--

       ``(I) to the pension plan under which a health benefits 
     account pursuant to section 401(h) was established, or
       ``(II) as provided in subparagraph (B)(ii), to a voluntary 
     employees' beneficiary association (as defined in section 
     501(c)(9)),

       ``(ii) which does not contravene any other provision of 
     law,
       ``(iii) with respect to which the use requirements of 
     subparagraphs (B) and (C) and the minimum cost and benefit 
     requirements of paragraph (4)(B) are met, and

[[Page S4090]]

       ``(iv) with respect to which the vesting requirements of 
     subsection (c)(2) are met (determined by treating such 
     transfer as a qualified transfer).
       ``(B) Use for active benefits.--
       ``(i) In general.--Except as provided in clause (ii), a 
     transfer of excess health assets for purposes of this 
     subsection shall be used only to fund the pension plan.
       ``(ii) Transfer to voluntary employees' beneficiary 
     association.--A transfer described in subparagraph (A)(i)(II) 
     may be made only--

       ``(I) in the case of a defined benefit plan, to the extent 
     a transfer to such plan as provided in subparagraph (A)(i)(I) 
     would cause the plan to have a funding excess or increase the 
     funding excess of the plan or, if the transfer is made in 
     connection with the termination of the defined benefit plan, 
     to the extent a transfer to such plan would exceed the amount 
     necessary to satisfy the pension liabilities of the 
     terminating plan, or
       ``(II) in the case of a pension plan which is not a defined 
     benefit plan.

     Any transfer under the preceding sentence to a voluntary 
     employees' benefit association (as defined in section 
     501(c)(9)) shall be used only to pay any benefits permitted 
     to be paid by such association to any members of such 
     association (other than key employees not taken into account 
     under subsection (e)(1)(E)).
       ``(iii) Funding excess.--For purposes of clause (ii), the 
     term `funding excess' with respect to a plan year means the 
     excess, if any, of--

       ``(I) the fair market value of the assets of the defined 
     benefit plan (other than applicable assets, as defined in 
     paragraph (2)(D)), over
       ``(II) 110 percent of the present value of all pension 
     benefits earned or accrued under the plan, as determined for 
     purposes of determining the adjusted funding target 
     attainment percentage pursuant to section 436(j).

       ``(C) Only 1 transfer per year.--No more than 1 transfer 
     with respect to any plan may be made under subparagraph (A) 
     during a taxable year. For purposes of the preceding 
     sentence, any transfer portions of which are described in 
     both subclauses (I) and (II) of subparagraph (A)(i) shall be 
     treated as 1 transfer.
       ``(4) Limitations on employer.--
       ``(A) Deduction limitations.--For purposes of this title, 
     no deduction shall be allowed--
       ``(i) for the transfer of any amount under paragraph 
     (3)(A),
       ``(ii) for benefits paid out of the assets (and income) so 
     transferred, or
       ``(iii) for any amounts to which clause (ii) does not apply 
     and which are paid for benefits described in paragraph 
     (3)(B)(ii) for the taxable year to the extent such amounts 
     are not greater than the excess (if any) of--

       ``(I) the amount determined under clause (i) (and income 
     allocable thereto), over
       ``(II) the amount determined under clause (ii).

       ``(B) Minimum cost and benefit requirements.--Each plan or 
     arrangement under which benefits funded as described in 
     paragraph (3)(B)(ii) are provided shall provide that--
       ``(i) the applicable employer cost for each of the 5 
     taxable years beginning with the year of the transfer under 
     paragraph (3)(A) shall not be materially less than the higher 
     of the applicable employer costs for the year of the 2 
     taxable years immediately preceding the taxable year of such 
     transfer, or
       ``(ii) benefits provided under the plan or arrangement 
     shall not be materially reduced during the 5 year period 
     described in clause (i).

     For purposes of clause (i), the term `applicable employer 
     cost' shall be determined under rules similar to the rules of 
     subparagraphs (B) and (C) of subsection (c)(3), as applicable 
     to the benefit being provided under such plan or arrangement.
       ``(5) Coordination with sections 430 and 433.--In the case 
     of any assets transferred to a pension plan pursuant to 
     paragraph (3), such assets shall, for purposes of this 
     section and sections 430 and 433, be treated as assets in the 
     plan.''.
       (2) Conforming amendments.--
       (A) Subsection (h) of section 401 is amended by adding at 
     the end the following: ``Nothing in this subsection or this 
     section shall prevent a plan from transferring amounts from 
     an account established under this subsection pursuant to the 
     provisions of section 420(h).''.
       (B) Subparagraph (B) of section 420(c)(1) is amended by 
     adding at the end the following new clause:
       ``(iii) Coordination with transfers of excess health 
     assets.--Clauses (i) and (ii) shall not apply to the amount 
     of any excess health assets transferred from a health 
     benefits account to the plan pursuant to subsection 
     (h)(3)(A).''.
       (C) Subsection (e) of section 420 is amended by adding at 
     the end the following new paragraph:
       ``(8) Coordination with transfers of excess health 
     assets.--
       ``(A) In general.--A qualified transfer or portion thereof 
     shall not be subject to the limitations of subsections 
     (b)(3), (c)(1), (f)(2)(C), or (f)(2)(E) to the extent an 
     amount equal to such transfer (or portion) is transferred 
     during the same taxable year under subsection (h).
       ``(B) Minimum cost and benefit requirements.--The 
     requirements of subsection (h)(4)(B) shall apply in lieu of 
     subsections (c)(3) and (f)(2)(D) in the case of a transfer or 
     portion thereof to which subparagraph (A) applies.''.
       (D) Subsection (l) of section 430 is amended by adding at 
     the end the following: ``Notwithstanding the preceding 
     sentence, any assets transferred to the plan pursuant to 
     section 420(h) shall be treated as assets in the plan.''.
       (E) Section 4 of the Employee Retirement Income Security 
     Act of 1974 (29 U.S.C. 1003) is amended by adding at the end 
     the following new subsection:
       ``(d) Transfers of Excess Health Assets.--A pension plan 
     shall not be treated as failing to meet the requirements of 
     this subchapter solely by reason of any transfer made as 
     permitted by section 420(h) of the Internal Revenue Code of 
     1986.''.
       (F) Section 303(l) of the Employee Retirement Income 
     Security Act of 1974 (29 U.S.C. 1083(l)) is amended by adding 
     at the end the following: ``Notwithstanding the preceding 
     sentence, any assets transferred to the plan pursuant to 
     section 420(h) of such Code shall be treated as assets in the 
     plan.''.
       (G) Section 408(b)(13) of such Act (29 U.S.C. 1108(b)(13)) 
     is amended by striking the period at the end and inserting 
     ``, or any transfer of excess health assets permitted under 
     section 420(h) of such Code (as in effect on the date of the 
     enactment of the Strengthening Benefit Plans Act of 2025).''.
       (3) Notice requirements.--Section 101(e) of the Employee 
     Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (29 U.S.C. 1021(e)) is 
     amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
       ``(4) Transfers of excess health assets.--
       ``(A) Notice to participants.--Not later than 60 days 
     before the date of a transfer by an employee pension benefit 
     plan of excess health assets pursuant to section 420(h)(1) of 
     the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, the administrator of the 
     plan shall provide notice (in such manner as the Secretary 
     may prescribe) of such transfer to each participant and 
     beneficiary eligible to receive benefits paid from the health 
     benefits account under section 401(h) of such Code from which 
     the transfer is to be made. Such notice shall include 
     information with respect to the amount of excess health 
     assets to be transferred, the plan or voluntary employees' 
     beneficiary association to which the transfer is to be made, 
     and the amount of pension benefits of the participant which 
     will be nonforfeitable immediately after the transfer.
       ``(B) Notice to secretaries, etc.--Rules similar to the 
     rules of paragraph (2) shall apply for purposes of this 
     paragraph.''.
       (4) Effective date.--The amendments made by this subsection 
     shall apply to taxable years beginning after December 31, 
     2024.
       (b) Transfer of Surplus Defined Benefit Plan Assets to 
     Defined Contribution Plan.--
       (1) In general.--Section 401 is amended by redesignating 
     subsection (p) as subsection (q) and by inserting after 
     subsection (o) the following new subsection:
       ``(p) Transfer of Surplus Defined Benefit Plan Assets to 
     Defined Contribution Plan.--
       ``(1) In general.--
       ``(A) Transfer permitted.--If an employer maintaining a 
     defined benefit plan establishes or maintains a defined 
     contribution plan which would be a qualified replacement plan 
     (as defined in section 4980(d)(2)) with respect to the 
     defined benefit plan but for the fact that the defined 
     benefit plan is not terminated, subject to the requirements 
     of paragraphs (3) and (4), any surplus assets of the defined 
     benefit plan may be transferred to the defined contribution 
     plan.
       ``(B) Treatment of amount transferred.--In the case of the 
     transfer of any amount under subparagraph (A)--
       ``(i) such amount shall not be includible in the gross 
     income of the employer,
       ``(ii) no deduction shall be allowable with respect to such 
     transfer, and
       ``(iii) such transfer shall not be treated as an employer 
     reversion for purposes of section 4980.
       ``(2) Surplus assets.--For purposes of this subsection, the 
     term `surplus assets' means the excess of assets of the 
     defined benefit plan over an amount equal to 110 percent of 
     the value of plan liabilities used to determine premiums 
     imposed under title IV of the Employee Retirement Income 
     Security Act of 1974 for the plan year of the transfer.
       ``(3) Vesting of benefits.--The requirements of this 
     paragraph are met if all benefits under the defined benefit 
     plan become nonforfeitable in the same manner which would be 
     required if the plan had terminated immediately before the 
     transfer (or in the case of a participant who separated 
     during the 1-year period ending on the date of the transfer, 
     immediately before such separation).
       ``(4) No reduction in benefits.--The requirements of this 
     paragraph are met if, during the period beginning with the 
     year of the transfer and ending 4 plan years after the last 
     plan year during which the replacement plan is funded by the 
     transfer, no benefits under the replacement plan are 
     reduced.''.
       (2) Conforming amendments.--
       (A) Section 4 of the Employee Retirement Income Security 
     Act of 1974 (29 U.S.C. 1003), as amended by subsection (a), 
     is further amended by adding at the end the following new 
     subsection:
       ``(e) Transfers of Surplus Defined Benefit Plan Assets.--A 
     pension plan shall not be treated as failing to meet the 
     requirements of this subchapter solely by reason of

[[Page S4091]]

     any transfer made as permitted by section 401(p) of the 
     Internal Revenue Code of 1986.''.
       (B) Section 408(b)(13) of such Act (29 U.S.C. 1108(b)(13)), 
     as amended by subsection (a), is further amended by inserting 
     ``or of surplus defined benefit plan assets permitted under 
     section 401(p) of such Code (as so in effect)'' before the 
     period at the end.
       (3) Notice requirements.--Section 101(e) of the Employee 
     Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (29 U.S.C. 1021(e)), 
     as amended by subsection (a), is further amended by adding at 
     the end the following new paragraph:
       ``(5) Transfers of surplus defined benefit plan assets.--
     Rules similar to the rules of paragraph (4) shall apply in 
     the case of any transfer by an employee pension benefit plan 
     of surplus defined benefit plan assets pursuant to section 
     401(p) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.''.
       (4) Effective date.--The amendments made by this subsection 
     shall apply to plan years beginning after December 31, 2025.
                                 ______