[Congressional Record Volume 171, Number 112 (Saturday, June 28, 2025)]
[Senate]
[Pages S3979-S3984]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]

  SA 2435. Mr. SANDERS submitted an amendment intended to be proposed 
to amendment SA 2360 proposed by Mr. Thune (for Mr. Graham) to the bill 
H.R. 1, to provide for reconciliation pursuant to title II of H. Con. 
Res. 14; which was ordered to lie on the table; as follows:

        At the end of chapter 2 of title VII, insert the 
     following:

[[Page S3980]]

     SEC. 71205. PROVIDING COVERAGE FOR DENTAL AND ORAL HEALTH 
                   CARE, HEARING CARE, AND VISION CARE UNDER 
                   MEDICARE.

       (a) Short Title.--This section may be cited as the 
     ``Medicare Dental, Hearing, and Vision Expansion Act of 
     2025''.
       (b) Coverage of Dental and Oral Health Care.--
       (1) Coverage.--Section 1861(s)(2) of the Social Security 
     Act (42 U.S.C. 1395x(s)(2)) is amended--
       (A) in subparagraph (JJ), by adding ``and'' at the end; and
       (B) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
       ``(KK) dental and oral health services (as defined in 
     subsection (nnn));''.
       (2) Dental and oral health services defined.--Section 1861 
     of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395x) is amended by 
     adding at the end the following new subsection:
       ``(nnn) Dental and Oral Health Services.--
       ``(1) In general.--Except as provided in paragraph (2), the 
     term `dental and oral health services' means the following 
     items and services that are furnished by a doctor of dental 
     surgery or of dental medicine (as described in subsection 
     (r)(2)) or an oral health professional (as defined in 
     paragraph (3)) on or after January 1, 2028:
       ``(A) Preventive and screening services.--Preventive and 
     screening services, including oral exams, dental cleanings, 
     dental x-rays, and fluoride treatments.
       ``(B) Procedures and treatment services.--Services to 
     address oral disease, including services such as restorative 
     services, prosthodontic and endodontic services, including 
     fillings bridges, crowns, and root canals, periodontal 
     maintenance, periodontal scaling and root planing, tooth 
     extractions, therapeutic pulpotomy, and other related items 
     and services.
       ``(C) Dentures and dental prosthetics.--Complete dentures, 
     partial dentures, and implants, including related items and 
     services.
       ``(2) Exclusions.--Such term does not include items and 
     services for which, as of the date of the enactment of this 
     subsection, coverage was permissible under section 
     1862(a)(12) and cosmetic services not otherwise covered under 
     section 1862(a)(10).
       ``(3) Oral health professional.--The term `oral health 
     professional' means, with respect to dental and oral health 
     services, a health professional (other than a doctor of 
     dental surgery or of dental medicine (as described in 
     subsection (r)(2))) who is licensed to furnish such services, 
     acting within the scope of such license, by the State in 
     which such services are furnished.''.
       (3) Payment; coinsurance; and limitations.--
       (A) In general.--Section 1833(a)(1) of the Social Security 
     Act (42 U.S.C. 1395l(a)(1)) is amended--
       (i) in subparagraph (N), by inserting ``and dental and oral 
     health services (as defined in section 1861(nnn))'' after 
     ``section 1861(hhh)(1))'';
       (ii) by striking ``and'' before ``(HH)''; and
       (iii) by inserting before the semicolon at the end the 
     following: ``and (II) with respect to dental and oral health 
     services (as defined in section 1861(nnn)), the amount paid 
     shall be the payment amount specified under section 
     1834(aa)''.
       (B) Payment and limits specified.--Section 1834 of the 
     Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395m) is amended by adding at 
     the end the following new subsection:
       ``(aa) Payment and Limits for Dental and Oral Health 
     Services.--
       ``(1) Payment.--The payment amount under this part for 
     dental and oral health services (as defined in section 
     1861(nnn)) shall be, subject to paragraphs (3) and (4), 80 
     percent (or 100 percent, in the case of preventive and 
     screening services described in section 1861(nnn)(1)(A)) of 
     the lesser of--
       ``(A) the actual charge for the service; or
       ``(B)(i) in the case of such services furnished by a doctor 
     of dental surgery or of dental medicine (as described in 
     section 1861(r)(2)), the amount determined under the fee 
     schedule established under paragraph (2); or
       ``(ii) in the case of such services furnished by an oral 
     health professional (as defined in section 1861(nnn)(3)), 85 
     percent of the amount determined under the fee schedule 
     established under paragraph (2).
       ``(2) Establishment of fee schedule for dental and oral 
     health services.--
       ``(A) Establishment.--
       ``(i) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a fee 
     schedule for dental and oral health services furnished in 
     2027 and subsequent years. The fee schedule amount for a 
     dental or oral health service shall be equal to 70 percent of 
     the national median fee (as determined under subparagraph 
     (B)) for the service or a similar service for the year (or, 
     in the case of dentures, at the bundled payment amount under 
     clause (iv) of such subparagraph), adjusted by the geographic 
     adjustment factor established under section 1848(e)(2) for 
     the area for the year.
       ``(ii) Consultation.--In carrying out this paragraph, the 
     Secretary shall consult annually with organizations 
     representing dentists and other providers who furnish dental 
     and oral health services and shall share with such providers 
     the data and data analysis used to determine fee schedule 
     amounts under this paragraph.
       ``(B) Determination of national median fee.--
       ``(i) In general.--For purposes of subparagraph (A), the 
     Secretary shall apply the national median fee for a dental or 
     oral health service for 2028 and subsequent years in 
     accordance with this subparagraph.
       ``(ii) Use of 2020 dental fee survey.--

       ``(I) In general.--Except as provided in clause (iii) and 
     clause (iv), the national median fee for a dental or oral 
     health service shall be equal to--

       ``(aa) for 2028, the median fee for the service in the 
     table titled `General Practitioners-National' of the `2020 
     Survey of Dental Fees' published by the American Dental 
     Association, increased by the applicable percent increase for 
     the year determined under subclause (II), as reduced by the 
     productivity adjustment under subclause (III); and
       ``(bb) for 2029 and subsequent years, the amount determined 
     under this subclause for the preceding year, updated pursuant 
     to subparagraph (C)(i).

       ``(II) Applicable percent increase.--The applicable percent 
     increase determined under this subclause for a year is an 
     amount equal to the percentage increase between--

       ``(aa) the consumer price index for all urban consumers 
     (United States city average) ending with June of the previous 
     year; and
       ``(bb) the consumer price index for all urban consumers 
     (United States city average) ending with June of 2027.

       ``(III) Productivity adjustment.--After determining the 
     applicable percentage increase under subclause (II) for a 
     year, the Secretary shall reduce such percentage increase by 
     the productivity adjustment described in section 
     1886(b)(3)(B)(xi)(II).

       ``(iii) Determination if insufficient survey data.--If the 
     Secretary determines there is insufficient data under the 
     Survey described in clause (ii) with respect to a dental or 
     oral health service, the national median fee for the service 
     for a year shall be equal to an amount established for the 
     service using 1 or more of the following methods, as 
     determined appropriate by the Secretary:

       ``(I) The payment basis determined under section 1848.
       ``(II) Fee schedules for dental and oral health services 
     which shall include, as practicable, fee schedules--

       ``(aa) under Medicare Advantage plans under part C;
       ``(bb) under State plans (or waivers of such plans) under 
     title XIX; and
       ``(cc) established by other health care payers.
       ``(iv) Special rule for dentures.--

       ``(I) In general.--The Secretary shall make payment for 
     dentures and associated professional services as a bundled 
     payment as determined by the Secretary.
       ``(II) Payment considerations.--In establishing such 
     bundled payment, the Secretary shall consider the national 
     median fee for the service for the year determined under 
     clause (ii) or (iii) and the rate determined for such 
     dentures under the Federal Supply Schedule of the General 
     Services Administration, as published by such Administration 
     in 2021, updated to the year involved using the applicable 
     percent increase for the year determined under clause 
     (ii)(II), as reduced by the productivity adjustment under 
     clause (ii)(III), and shall ensure that the payment component 
     for dentures under such bundled payment does not exceed the 
     maximum rate determined for such dentures under the Federal 
     Supply Schedule, as so published and updated to the year 
     involved.

       ``(C) Annual update and adjustments.--
       ``(i) Annual update.--The Secretary shall update payment 
     amounts determined under the fee schedule from year to year 
     beginning in 2029 by increasing such amounts from the prior 
     year by the percentage increase in the consumer price index 
     for all urban consumers (United States city average) for the 
     12-month period ending with June of the preceding year, 
     reduced by the productivity adjustment described in section 
     1886(b)(3)(B)(xi)(II).
       ``(ii) Adjustments.--

       ``(I) In general.--The Secretary shall, to the extent the 
     Secretary determines to be necessary and subject to subclause 
     (II), adjust the amounts determined under the fee schedule 
     established under this paragraph for 2029 and subsequent 
     years to take into account changes in dental practice, coding 
     changes, new data on work, practice, or malpractice expenses, 
     or the addition of new procedures.
       ``(II) Limitation on annual adjustments.--The adjustments 
     under subclause (I) for a year shall not cause the amount of 
     expenditures under this part for the year to differ by more 
     than $20,000,000 from the amount of expenditures under this 
     part that would have been made if such adjustments had not 
     been made.

       ``(3) Limitations.--With respect to dental and oral health 
     services that are preventive and screening services described 
     in paragraph (1)(A) of section 1861(nnn)--
       ``(A) payment shall be made under this part for--
       ``(i) not more than 2 oral exams in a year;
       ``(ii) not more than 2 dental cleanings in a year;
       ``(iii) not more than 1 fluoride treatment in a year; and
       ``(iv) not more than 1 full-mouth series of x-rays as part 
     of a preventive and screening oral exam every 3 years; and
       ``(B) in the case of preventive and screening services not 
     described in subparagraph (A), payment shall be made under 
     this part only at such frequencies determined appropriate by 
     the Secretary.
       ``(4) Incentives for rural providers.--In the case of 
     dental and oral health services

[[Page S3981]]

     furnished by a doctor of dental surgery or of dental medicine 
     (as described in section 1861(r)(2)) or an oral health 
     professional (as defined in section 1861(nnn)(3)) who 
     predominantly furnishes such services under this part in an 
     area that is designated by the Secretary (under section 
     332(a)(1)(A) of the Public Health Service Act) as a health 
     professional shortage area, in addition to the amount of 
     payment that would otherwise be made for such services under 
     this subsection, there also shall be paid an amount equal to 
     10 percent of the payment amount for the service under this 
     subsection for such doctor or professional.
       ``(5) Limitation on beneficiary liability.--The provisions 
     of section 1848(g) shall apply to a nonparticipating doctor 
     of dental surgery or of dental medicine (as described in 
     section 1861(r)(2)) who does not accept payment on an 
     assignment-related basis for dental and oral health services 
     furnished with respect to an individual enrolled under this 
     part in the same manner as such provisions apply with respect 
     to a physician's service.
       ``(6) Establishment of dental administrator.--The Secretary 
     shall designate 1 or more (not to exceed 4) medicare 
     administrative contractors under section 1874A to establish 
     coverage policies and establish such policies and process 
     claims for payment for dental and oral health services, as 
     determined appropriate by the Secretary.''.
       (4) Inclusion of oral health professionals as certain 
     practitioners.--Section 1842(b)(18)(C) of the Social Security 
     Act (42 U.S.C. 1395u(b)(18)(C)) is amended by adding at the 
     end the following new clause:
       ``(ix) With respect to 2028 and each subsequent year, an 
     oral health professional (as defined in section 
     1861(nnn)(3)).''.
       (5) Exclusion modifications.--Section 1862(a) of the Social 
     Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395y(a)) is amended--
       (A) in paragraph (1)--
       (i) in subparagraph (O), by striking ``and'' at the end;
       (ii) in subparagraph (P), by striking the semicolon at the 
     end and inserting ``, and''; and
       (iii) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
       ``(Q) in the case of dental and oral health services (as 
     defined in section 1861(nnn)) for which a limitation is 
     applicable under section 1834(aa)(3), which are furnished 
     more frequently than is provided under such section;''; and
       (B) in paragraph (12), by inserting before the semicolon at 
     the end the following: ``and except that payment shall be 
     made under part B for dental and oral health services that 
     are covered under section 1861(s)(2)(KK)''.
       (6) Inclusion as excepted medical treatment.--Section 
     1821(b)(5)(A) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395i-
     5(b)(5)(A)) is amended--
       (A) in clause (ii), by striking ``or'' at the end;
       (B) in clause (iii), by striking the period and inserting 
     ``, or''; and
       (C) by adding at the end the following new clause:
       ``(iv) consisting of dental and oral health services (as 
     defined in subsection (mmm) of section 1861) that are payable 
     under part B as a result of the amendments made by the 
     Medicare Dental, Hearing, and Vision Expansion Act of 
     2025.''.
       (7) Rural health clinics and federally qualified health 
     centers.--
       (A) Coverage of dental and oral health services.--Section 
     1861(aa) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395x(aa)), is 
     amended--
       (i) in paragraph (1)--

       (I) in subparagraph (C), by striking ``and'' at the end;
       (II) in subparagraph (D), by inserting ``and'' after the 
     comma at the end; and
       (III) by inserting after subparagraph (D) the following new 
     subparagraph:

       ``(E) dental and oral health services (as defined in 
     subsection (nnn)) furnished by a doctor of dental surgery or 
     of dental medicine (as described in subsection (r)(2)) or an 
     oral health professional (as defined in subsection (nnn)(3)) 
     who is employed by or working under contract with a rural 
     health clinic if such rural health clinic furnishes such 
     services,''; and
       (ii) in paragraph (3)(A), by striking ``(D)'' and inserting 
     ``(E)''.
       (B) Temporary payment rates for certain services under the 
     rhc air and fqhc pps.--
       (i) AIR.--Section 1833 of the Social Security Act (42 
     U.S.C. 1395l) is amended--

       (I) in subsection (a)(3)(A), by inserting ``(which shall, 
     in the case of dental and oral health services (as defined in 
     section 1861(nnn)), in lieu of any limits on reasonable costs 
     otherwise applicable, be based on the rates payable for such 
     services under the payment basis determined under section 
     1848 until such time as the Secretary determines sufficient 
     data has been collected to otherwise apply such limits (or 
     January 1, 2031, if no such determination has been made as of 
     such date))'' after ``may prescribe in regulations''; and
       (II) by adding at the end the following new subsection:

       ``(ee) Disregard of Costs Attributable to Certain Services 
     From Calculation of RHC AIR.--Payments for rural health 
     clinic services other than dental and oral health services 
     (as defined in section 1861(nnn)) under the methodology for 
     all-inclusive rates (established by the Secretary) under 
     subsection (a)(3) shall not take into account the costs of 
     such services while rates for such services are based on 
     rates payable for such services under the payment basis 
     established under section 1848.''.
       (ii) PPS.--Section 1834(o) of the Social Security Act (42 
     U.S.C. 1395m(o)) is amended by adding at the end the 
     following new paragraph:
       ``(6) Temporary payment rates based on pfs for certain 
     services.--The Secretary shall, in establishing payment rates 
     for dental and oral health services (as defined in section 
     1861(nnn)) that are Federally qualified health center 
     services under the prospective payment system established 
     under this subsection, in lieu of the rates otherwise 
     applicable under such system, base such rates on rates 
     payable for such services under the payment basis established 
     under section 1848 until such time as the Secretary 
     determines sufficient data has been collected to otherwise 
     establish rates for such services under such system (or 
     January 1, 2031, if no such determination has been made as of 
     such date). Payments for Federally qualified health center 
     services other than such dental and oral health services 
     under such system shall not take into account the costs of 
     such services while rates for such services are based on 
     rates payable for such services under the payment basis 
     established under section 1848.''.
       (8) Implementation.--In addition to amounts otherwise 
     available, there is appropriated to the Secretary of Health 
     and Human Services for fiscal year 2025, out of any money in 
     the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, $900,000,000, to 
     remain available until expended, for purposes of implementing 
     the amendments made by this section during the period 
     beginning on January 1, 2025, and ending on September 30, 
     2034.
       (c) Providing Coverage for Hearing Care Under the Medicare 
     Program.--
       (1) Provision of audiology services by qualified 
     audiologists and hearing aid examination services by 
     qualified hearing aid professionals.--
       (A) In general.--Section 1861(ll) of the Social Security 
     Act (42 U.S.C. 1395x(ll)) is amended--
       (i) in paragraph (3)--

       (I) by inserting ``(A)'' after ``(3)'';
       (II) in subparagraph (A), as added by subclause (I) of this 
     clause--

       (aa) by striking ``means such hearing and balance 
     assessment services'' and inserting ``means--
       ``(i) such hearing and balance assessment services and, 
     beginning January 1, 2027, such hearing aid examination 
     services and treatment services (including aural 
     rehabilitation, vestibular rehabilitation, and cerumen 
     management)'';
       (bb) in clause (i), as added by item (aa) of this 
     subclause, by striking the period at the end and inserting 
     ``; and''; and
       (cc) by adding at the end the following new clause:
       ``(ii) beginning January 1, 2027, such hearing aid 
     examination services furnished by a qualified hearing aid 
     professional (as defined in paragraph (4)(C)) as the 
     professional is legally authorized to perform under State law 
     (or the State regulatory mechanism provided by State law), as 
     would otherwise be covered if furnished by a physician.''; 
     and

       (III) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:

       ``(B) Beginning January 1, 2027, audiology services 
     described in subparagraph (A)(i) shall be furnished without a 
     requirement for an order from a physician or practitioner.''; 
     and
       (ii) in paragraph (4), by adding at the end the following 
     new subparagraph:
       ``(C) The term `qualified hearing aid professional' means 
     an individual who--
       ``(i) is licensed or registered as a hearing aid dispenser, 
     hearing aid specialist, hearing instrument dispenser, or 
     related professional by the State in which the individual 
     furnishes such services; and
       ``(ii) is accredited by the National Board for 
     Certification in Hearing Instrument Sciences or meets such 
     other requirements as the Secretary determines appropriate 
     (including requirements relating to educational 
     certifications or accreditations) taking into account any 
     additional relevant requirements for hearing aid specialists, 
     hearing aid dispensers, and hearing instrument dispensers 
     established by Medicare Advantage organizations under part C, 
     State plans (or waivers of such plans) under title XIX, and 
     group health plans and health insurance issuers (as such 
     terms are defined in section 2791 of the Public Health 
     Service Act).''.
       (B) Payment for qualified hearing aid professionals.--
     Section 1833(a)(1) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1395l(a)(1)), as amended by subsection (b)(3)(A), is 
     amended--
       (i) by striking ``and'' before ``(II)''; and
       (ii) by inserting before the semicolon at the end the 
     following: ``and (JJ) with respect to hearing aid examination 
     services (as described in paragraph (3)(A)(ii) of section 
     1861(ll)) furnished by a qualified hearing aid professional 
     (as defined in paragraph (4)(C) of such section), the amounts 
     paid shall be equal to 80 percent of the lesser of the actual 
     charge for such services or 85 percent of the amount for such 
     services determined under the payment basis determined under 
     section 1848''.
       (C) Inclusion of qualified audiologists and qualified 
     hearing aid professionals as certain practitioners to receive 
     payment on an assignment-related basis.--

[[Page S3982]]

       (i) Qualified audiologists.--Section 1842(b)(18)(C) of the 
     Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395u(b)(18)(C)), as amended 
     by subsection (b)(4), is amended by adding at the end the 
     following new clause:
       ``(x) Beginning on January 1, 2027, a qualified audiologist 
     (as defined in section 1861(ll)(4)(B)).''.
       (ii) Qualified hearing aid professionals.--Section 
     1842(b)(18) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1395u(b)(18)) is amended--

       (I) in each of subparagraphs (A) and (B), by striking 
     ``subparagraph (C)'' and inserting ``subparagraph (C) or, 
     beginning on January 1, 2027, subparagraph (E)''; and
       (II) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:

       ``(E) A practitioner described in this subparagraph is a 
     qualified hearing aid professional (as defined in section 
     1861(ll)(4)(C)).''.
       (2) Coverage of hearing aids.--
       (A) Inclusion of hearing aids as prosthetic devices.--
     Section 1861(s)(8) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1395x(s)(8)) is amended by inserting ``, and including 
     hearing aids (as described in section 1834(h)(7)) furnished 
     on or after January 1, 2027, to individuals with moderately 
     severe, severe, or profound hearing loss'' before the 
     semicolon at the end.
       (B) Payment limitations for hearing aids.--Section 1834(h) 
     of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395m(h)) is amended by 
     adding at the end the following new paragraphs:
       ``(6) Payment only on an assignment-related basis.--Payment 
     for hearing aids for which payment may be made under this 
     part may be made only on an assignment-related basis. The 
     provisions of subparagraphs (A) and (B) of section 
     1842(b)(18) shall apply to hearing aids in the same manner as 
     they apply to services furnished by a practitioner described 
     in subparagraph (C) of such section.
       ``(7) Limitations for hearing aids.--
       ``(A) In general.--Payment may be made under this part with 
     respect to an individual, with respect to hearing aids 
     furnished by a qualified hearing aid supplier (as defined in 
     subparagraph (C)) on or after January 1, 2027--
       ``(i) not more than once per ear during a 5-year period;
       ``(ii) only for types of such hearing aids that are 
     determined appropriate by the Secretary; and
       ``(iii) only if furnished pursuant to a written order of a 
     physician, qualified audiologist (as defined in section 
     1861(ll)(4)), qualified hearing aid professional (as defined 
     in subparagraph (C) of such section), physician assistant, 
     nurse practitioner, or clinical nurse specialist.
       ``(B) Special rule.--The payment basis determined under 
     this subsection (including after application of paragraph 
     (1)(H), relating to application of competitive acquisition) 
     for hearing aids furnished by a qualified hearing aid 
     supplier on or after January 1, 2027, shall not exceed the 
     rate determined for such hearing aids under the Federal 
     Supply Schedule of the General Services Administration, as 
     published by such Administration in 2021, updated to the year 
     involved using the applicable percent increase for the year.
       ``(C) Definitions.--In this subsection:
       ``(i) Hearing aid.--The term `hearing aid' means the item 
     and related services including selection, fitting, 
     adjustment, and patient education and training.
       ``(ii) Qualified hearing aid supplier.--The term `qualified 
     hearing aid supplier' means--

       ``(I) a qualified audiologist;
       ``(II) a physician (as defined in section 1861(r)(1));
       ``(III) a physician assistant, nurse practitioner, or 
     clinical nurse specialist;
       ``(IV) a qualified hearing aid professional (as defined in 
     section 1861(ll)(4)(C)); and
       ``(V) other suppliers as determined by the Secretary.''.

       (C) Application of competitive acquisition.--
       (i) In general.--Section 1834(h)(1)(H) of the Social 
     Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395m(h)(1)(H)) is amended--

       (I) in the header, by inserting ``and hearing aids'' after 
     ``orthotics'';
       (II) in the matter preceding clause (i), by inserting ``or 
     of hearing aids described in paragraph (2)(D) of such 
     section,'' after ``2011,''; and
       (III) in clause (i), by inserting ``or such hearing aids'' 
     after ``such orthotics''.

       (ii) Conforming amendments.--

       (I) In general.--Section 1847(a)(2) of the Social Security 
     Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w-3(a)(2)) is amended by adding at the end 
     the following new subparagraph:

       ``(E) Hearing aids.--Hearing aids described in section 
     1861(s)(8) for which payment would otherwise be made under 
     section 1834(h).''.

       (II) Exemption of certain items from competitive 
     acquisition.--Section 1847(a)(7) of the Social Security Act 
     (42 U.S.C. 1395w-3(a)(7)) is amended by adding at the end the 
     following new subparagraph:

       ``(C) Certain hearing aids.--Those items and services 
     described in paragraph (2)(E) if furnished by a physician or 
     other practitioner (as defined by the Secretary) to the 
     physician's or practitioner's own patients as part of the 
     physician's or practitioner's professional service.''.

       (III) Implementation.--Section 1847(a) of the Social 
     Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w-3(a)) is amended by adding at 
     the end the following new paragraph:

       ``(8) Competition with respect to hearing aids.--Not later 
     than January 1, 2031, the Secretary shall begin the 
     competition with respect to the items and services described 
     in paragraph (2)(E).''.
       (D) Physician self-referral law.--Section 1877(b) of the 
     Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395nn(b)) is amended by 
     adding at the end the following new paragraph:
       ``(6) Hearing aids and services.--In the case of hearing 
     aid examination services and hearing aids--
       ``(A) furnished on or after January 1, 2027, and before 
     January 1, 2029; and
       ``(B) furnished on or after January 1, 2029, if the 
     financial relationship specified in subsection (a)(2) meets 
     such requirements the Secretary imposes by regulation to 
     protect against program or patient abuse.''.
       (3) Exclusion modification.--Section 1862(a)(7) of the 
     Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395y(a)(7)) is amended by 
     inserting ``(except such hearing aids or examinations 
     therefor as described in and otherwise allowed under section 
     1861(s)(8))'' after ``hearing aids or examinations 
     therefor''.
       (4) Inclusion as excepted medical treatment.--Section 
     1821(b)(5)(A)(iv) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1395i-5(b)(5)(A)(iv)), as added by subsection (b)(6), is 
     amended by inserting ``, audiology services described in 
     subsection (ll)(3) of such section, or hearing aids described 
     in subsection (s)(8) of such section'' after ``section 
     1861)''.
       (5) Rural health clinics and federally qualified health 
     centers.--
       (A) Clarifying coverage of audiology services as 
     physicians' services.--Section 1861(aa)(1)(A) of the Social 
     Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395x(aa)(1)(A)) is amended by 
     inserting ``(including audiology services (as defined in 
     subsection (ll)(3)))'' after ``physicians' services''.
       (B) Inclusion of qualified audiologists and qualified 
     hearing aid professionals as rhc and fqhc practitioners.--
     Section 1861(aa)(1)(B) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1395x(aa)(1)(B)) is amended by inserting ``or by a qualified 
     audiologist or a qualified hearing aid professional (as such 
     terms are defined in subsection (ll)),'' after ``(as defined 
     in subsection (hh)(1)),''.
       (C) Temporary payment rates for certain services under the 
     rhc air and fqhc pps.--
       (i) AIR.--Section 1833 of the Social Security Act (42 
     U.S.C. 1395l), as amended by subsection (b)(7)(B)(i), is 
     amended--

       (I) in subsection (a)(3)(A), by inserting ``or audiology 
     services (as defined in section 1861(ll)(3))'' after ``(as 
     defined in section 1861(nnn)''; and
       (II) in subsection (ee), by inserting ``or audiology 
     services (as defined in section 1861(ll)(3))'' after ``(as 
     defined in section 1861(nnn)''.

       (ii) PPS.--Section 1834(o)(6) of the Social Security Act 
     (42 U.S.C. 1395m(o)(6)), as added by subsection 
     (b)(7)(B)(ii), is amended--

       (I) in the first sentence, by inserting ``or audiology 
     services (as defined in section 1861(ll)(3))'' after ``(as 
     defined in section 1861(nnn))''; and
       (II) in the second sentence, by inserting ``or such 
     audiology services'' after ``such dental and oral health 
     services''.

       (6) Expediting implementation.--The Secretary of Health and 
     Human Services shall implement this section for 2027 and 2028 
     through program instruction or other forms of program 
     guidance.
       (7) Funding.--In addition to amounts otherwise available, 
     there is appropriated to the Secretary of Health and Human 
     Services for fiscal year 2025, out of any money in the 
     Treasury not otherwise appropriated, $370,000,000, to remain 
     available until expended, for purposes of implementing the 
     amendments made by this section during the period beginning 
     on January 1, 2026, and ending on September 30, 2035.
       (d) Providing Coverage for Vision Care Under the Medicare 
     Program.--
       (1) Coverage.--Section 1861(s)(2) of the Social Security 
     Act (42 U.S.C. 1395x(s)(2)), as amended by subsection (b)(1), 
     is amended--
       (A) in subparagraph (JJ), by striking ``and'' after the 
     semicolon at the end;
       (B) in subparagraph (KK), by striking the period at the end 
     and adding ``; and''; and
       (C) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
       ``(LL) vision services (as defined in subsection (ooo));''.
       (2) Vision services defined.--Section 1861 of the Social 
     Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395x), as amended by subsection 
     (b)(2), is amended by adding at the end the following new 
     subsection:
       ``(ooo) Vision Services.--The term `vision services' means 
     routine eye examinations to determine the refractive state of 
     the eyes, including procedures performed during the course of 
     such examination, furnished on or after January 1, 2027, by 
     or under the direct supervision of an ophthalmologist or 
     optometrist who is legally authorized to furnish such 
     examinations or procedures (as applicable) under State law 
     (or the State regulatory mechanism provided by State law) of 
     the State in which the examinations or procedures are 
     furnished.''.
       (3) Payment limitations.--Section 1834 of the Social 
     Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395m), as amended by subsection 
     (b)(3)(B), is amended by adding at the end the following new 
     subsection:
       ``(bb) Limitation for Vision Services.--With respect to 
     vision services (as defined in section 1861(ooo)) and an 
     individual, payment shall be made under this part for only 1 
     routine eye examination described in such subsection during a 
     2-year period.''.

[[Page S3983]]

       (4) Payment under physician fee schedule.--Section 
     1848(j)(3) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w-
     4(j)(3)) is amended by inserting ``(2)(LL),'' before ``(3)''.
       (5) Coverage of conventional eyeglasses.--Section 
     1861(s)(8) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1395x(s)(8)), as amended by subsection (c)(2)(A), is amended 
     by striking ``, and including one pair of conventional 
     eyeglasses or contact lenses furnished subsequent to each 
     cataract surgery with insertion of an intraocular lens'' and 
     inserting ``, including 1 pair of conventional eyeglasses or 
     contact lenses furnished subsequent to each cataract surgery 
     with insertion of an intraocular lens, if furnished before 
     January 1, 2027, and including conventional eyeglasses (as 
     described in section 1834(h)(8)), whether or not furnished 
     subsequent to such a surgery, if furnished on or after 
     January 1, 2027''.
       (6) Special payment rules for eyeglasses.--
       (A) Limitations.--Section 1834(h) of the Social Security 
     Act (42 U.S.C. 1395m(h)), as amended by subsection (c)(2)(B), 
     is amended by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
       ``(8) Payment limitations for eyeglasses.--
       ``(A) In general.--With respect to conventional eyeglasses 
     furnished to an individual on or after January 1, 2027, 
     subject to subparagraph (B), payment shall be made under this 
     part only during a 2-year period, for 1 pair of eyeglasses 
     (including lenses and the frame).
       ``(B) Exception.--With respect to a 2-year period described 
     in subparagraph (A), in the case of an individual who 
     receives cataract surgery with insertion of an intraocular 
     lens, payment shall be made under this part for 1 pair of 
     conventional eyeglasses furnished subsequent to such cataract 
     surgery during such period.
       ``(C) Special rule.--The payment basis determined under 
     this subsection (including after application of paragraph 
     (1)(H), relating to application of competitive acquisition) 
     for conventional eyeglasses furnished to an individual on or 
     after January 1, 2027, shall not exceed the rate determined 
     for such eyeglasses under the Federal Supply Schedule of the 
     General Services Administration, as published by such 
     Administration in 2021, updated to the year involved using 
     the applicable percent increase for the year.
       ``(D) No coverage of certain items.--Payment shall not be 
     made under this part for deluxe eyeglasses or conventional 
     reading glasses.''.
       (B) Application of competitive acquisition.--
       (i) In general.--Section 1834(h)(1)(H) of the Social 
     Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395m(h)(1)(H)), as amended by 
     subsection (c)(2)(C)(i), is amended--

       (I) in the heading, by striking ``and hearing aids'' and 
     inserting ``hearing aids, and eyeglasses'';
       (II) in the matter preceding clause (i)--

       (aa) by striking ``or of hearing aids'' and inserting ``of 
     hearing aids''; and
       (bb) by inserting ``or of eyeglasses described in paragraph 
     (2)(E) of such section,'' after ``paragraph (2)(D) of such 
     section,''; and

       (III) in clause (i), by striking ``or such hearing aids'' 
     and inserting ``, such hearing aids, or such eyeglasses''.

       (ii) Conforming amendment.--Section 1847(a)(2) of the 
     Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w-3(a)(2)), as amended by 
     subsection (c)(2)(C)(ii)(I), is amended by adding at the end 
     the following new subparagraph:
       ``(F) Eyeglasses.--Eyeglasses described in section 
     1861(s)(8) for which payment would otherwise be made under 
     section 1834(h).''.
       (iii) Implementation.--Section 1847(a) of the Social 
     Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395w-3(a)), as amended by subsection 
     (c)(2)(C)(ii)(III), is amended by adding at the end the 
     following new paragraph:
       ``(9) Competition with respect to eyeglasses.--Not later 
     than January 1, 2030, the Secretary shall begin the 
     competition with respect to the items and services described 
     in paragraph (2)(F).''.
       (7) Exclusion modifications.--Section 1862(a) of the Social 
     Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1395y(a)), as amended by subsection 
     (b)(5), is amended--
       (A) in paragraph (1)--
       (i) in subparagraph (P), by striking ``and'' at the end;
       (ii) in subparagraph (Q), by striking the semicolon at the 
     end and inserting ``, and''; and
       (iii) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
       ``(R) in the case of vision services (as defined in section 
     1861(ooo)) that are routine eye examinations as described in 
     such section, which are furnished more frequently than once 
     during a 2-year period;''; and
       (B) in paragraph (7)--
       (i) by inserting ``(other than such an examination that is 
     a vision service that is covered under section 
     1861(s)(2)(LL))'' after ``eye examinations''; and
       (ii) by inserting ``(other than such a procedure that is a 
     vision service that is covered under section 
     1861(s)(2)(LL))'' after ``refractive state of the eyes''.
       (8) Inclusion as excepted medical treatment.--Section 
     1821(b)(5)(A)(iv) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1395i-5(b)(5)(A)(iv)), as added by subsection (b)(6) and 
     amended by subsection (c)(4), is amended--
       (A) by striking ``or hearing aids'' and inserting ``hearing 
     aids''; and
       (B) by inserting ``, or vision services (as defined in 
     subsection (ooo) of such section)'' after ``subsection (s)(8) 
     of such section''.
       (9) Rural health clinics and federally qualified health 
     centers.--
       (A) Clarifying coverage of vision services as physicians' 
     services.--Section 1861(aa)(1)(A) of the Social Security Act 
     (42 U.S.C. 1395x(aa)(1)(A)), as amended by subsection 
     (c)(5)(A), is amended by inserting ``and vision services (as 
     defined in subsection (ooo))'' after ``(as defined in 
     subsection (ll)(3))''.
       (B) Temporary payment rates for certain services under the 
     rhc air and fqhc pps.--
       (i) AIR.--Section 1833 of the Social Security Act (42 
     U.S.C. 1395l), as amended by subsections (b)(7)(B)(i) and 
     (c)(5)(C)(i), is amended--

       (I) in subsection (a)(3)(A)--

       (aa) by striking ``or audiology'' and inserting ``, 
     audiology''; and
       (bb) by inserting ``, or vision services (as defined in 
     section 1861(ooo))'' after ``(as defined in section 
     1861(ll)(3))''; and

       (II) in subsection (ee)--

       (aa) by striking ``or audiology'' and inserting ``, 
     audiology''; and
       (bb) by inserting ``, or vision services (as defined in 
     section 1861(ooo))'' after ``(as defined in section 
     1861(ll)(3))''.
       (ii) PPS.--Section 1834(o)(6) of the Social Security Act 
     (42 U.S.C. 1395m(o)(6)), as added by subsection (b)(7)(B)(ii) 
     and amended by subsection (c)(5)(C)(ii), is amended--

       (I) in the first sentence--

       (aa) by striking ``or audiology'' and inserting ``, 
     audiology''; and
       (bb) by inserting ``, or vision services (as defined in 
     section 1861(ooo))'' after ``(as defined in section 
     1861(ll)(3))''; and

       (II) in the second sentence, by striking ``or such 
     audiology services'' and inserting ``, such audiology 
     services, or such vision services''.

       (10) Expediting implementation.--The Secretary of Health 
     and Human Services shall implement this section for 2027 and 
     2028 through program instruction or other forms of program 
     guidance.
       (11) Funding.--In addition to amounts otherwise available, 
     there is appropriated to the Secretary of Health and Human 
     Services for fiscal year 2025, out of any money in the 
     Treasury not otherwise appropriated, $500,000,000, to remain 
     available until expended, for purposes of implementing the 
     amendments made by this section during the period beginning 
     on January 1, 2026, and ending on September 30, 2034.

     SEC. 71206. IMPROVEMENTS TO THE MEDICARE DRUG PRICE 
                   NEGOTIATION PROGRAM.

       (a) Acceleration of the Selection of Negotiation-Eligible 
     Drugs.--Section 1192(a) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1320f-1(a)) is amended--
       (1) in paragraph (2), by adding ``and'' at the end;
       (2) in paragraph (3)--
       (A) by striking ``2028, 15 negotiation-eligible drugs'' and 
     inserting ``2028 or a subsequent initial price applicability 
     year, at least 50 negotiation-eligible drugs'';
       (B) by striking ``less than 15'' and inserting ``less than 
     50''; and
       (C) by striking ``; and'' at the end and inserting a 
     period; and
       (3) by striking paragraph (4).
       (b) Improvements to the Definition of Negotiation-Eligible 
     Drugs.--Subparagraphs (A) and (B) of section 1192(d)(1) of 
     the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1320f-1(d)(1)) are each 
     amended by striking ``among the 50'' and inserting ``among 
     the 50 (or, in the case of initial price applicability year 
     2028 or a subsequent initial price applicability year, 
     125)''.
       (c) Improvements to the Definition of Qualifying Single 
     Source Drugs.--Subparagraphs (A)(ii) and (B)(ii) of section 
     1192(e)(1) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 1320f-
     1(e)(1)) are each amended by striking ``for which'' and 
     inserting ``with respect to initial price applicability year 
     2026 and 2027, for which''.
       (d) Improvement to the Ceiling for Maximum Fair Price.--
     Section 1194(c)(1) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 
     1320f-3(c)(1)) is amended--
       (1) in subparagraph (A), by striking ``or the amount under 
     subparagraph (C)'' and inserting ``, the amount under 
     subparagraph (C), or, if available, the amount under 
     subparagraph (D)''; and
       (2) by adding at the end the following new subparagraph:
       ``(D) Subparagraph (D) amount.--
       ``(i) In general.--An amount equal to the international 
     maximum fair price for the drug or biological product.
       ``(ii) International maximum fair price.--For purposes of 
     clause (i), the term `international maximum fair price' 
     means, with respect to a drug or biological product, an 
     amount equal to the highest price (which shall be the net 
     price, if practicable, and volume-weighted, if practicable) 
     for a unit (as defined in section 1191(c)(6)) of such drug or 
     biological product for sales of such drug or biological 
     product (calculated across different dosage forms and 
     strengths of the drug or biological product and not based on 
     the specific formulation or package size or package type), as 
     computed (as of the date of publication of such drug or 
     biological product as a selected drug) among any applicable 
     countries for which pricing information is available with 
     respect to such drug or biological product.
       ``(iii) Applicable countries.--

[[Page S3984]]

       ``(I) In general.--For purposes of clause (ii), the term 
     `applicable countries' includes any country described in 
     subclause (II) for which, with respect to a drug or 
     biological product, there is available a price for any unit 
     of such drug or biological product for sales of such drug or 
     biological product in such country.
       ``(II) Countries described.--For purposes of subclause (I), 
     the following countries are described in this subclause:

       ``(aa) Australia.
       ``(bb) Canada.
       ``(cc) France.
       ``(dd) Germany.
       ``(ee) Japan.
       ``(ff) The United Kingdom.''.
       (e) Effective Date.--The amendments made by this section 
     shall apply with respect to initial price applicability years 
     (as defined in section 1191(b) of the Social Security Act (42 
     U.S.C. 1320f(b)) beginning with initial price applicability 
     year 2028.
                                 ______