[Congressional Record Volume 171, Number 57 (Monday, March 31, 2025)]
[Senate]
[Pages S2087-S2089]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
ARMS SALES NOTIFICATION
Mr. RISCH. Madam President, section 36(b) of the Arms Export Control
Act requires that Congress receive prior notification of certain
proposed arms sales as defined by that statute. Upon such notification,
the Congress has 30 calendar days during which the sale may be
reviewed. The provision stipulates that, in the Senate, the
notification of proposed sales shall be sent to the chairman of the
Senate Foreign Relations Committee.
In keeping with the committee's intention to see that relevant
information is still available to the full Senate, I ask unanimous
consent to have printed in the Record the notifications that have been
received. If the cover letter references a classified annex, then such
an annex is available to all Senators in the office of the Foreign
Relations Committee, room SD-423.
There being no objection, the material was ordered to be printed in
the Record, as follows:
Defense Security
Cooperation Agency,
Washington, DC.
Hon. James E. Risch,
Chairman, Committee on Foreign Relations,
U.S. Senate, Washington, DC.
Dear Mr. Chairman: Pursuant to the reporting requirements
of Section 36(b)(1) of the Arms Export Control Act, as
amended, we are forwarding herewith Transmittal No. 25-11,
concerning the Air Force's proposed Letter(s) of Offer and
Acceptance to the Government of Philippines for defense
articles and services estimated to cost $5.58 billion. We
will issue a news release to notify the public of this
proposed sale upon delivery of this letter to your office.
Sincerely,
Michael F. Miller,
Director.
Enclosures.
transmittal no. 25-11
Notice of Proposed Issuance of Letter of Offer Pursuant to
Section 36(b)(1) of the Arms Export Control Act, as
amended
(i) Prospective Purchaser: Government of the Philippines.
(ii) Total Estimated Value:
Major Defense Equipment * $2.73 billion.
Other $2.85 billion.
Total $5.58 billion.
Funding Source: National Funds.
(iii) Description and Quantity or Quantities of Articles or
Services under Consideration for Purchase:
Major Defense Equipment (MDE):
Sixteen (16) F-16 C Block 70/72 aircraft.
Four (4) F-16 D Block 70/72 aircraft.
Twenty-four (24) Fl10-GE-129D or F100-PW-229 engines (20
installed, 4 spares).
Twenty-two (22) Improved Programmable Display Generators
(iPDGs) (20 installed, 2 spares).
Twenty-two (22) AN/APG-83 Active Electronically Scanned
Array (AESA) Scalable Agile Beam Radars (SABR) (20 installed,
2 spares).
Twenty-two (22) Modular Mission Computers 7000AH (or
available mission computer) (20 installed, 2 spares).
Twenty-two (22) Embedded Global Positioning System (GPS)
Inertial Navigation Systems (INS) (EGI) with Selective
Availability Anti-Spoofing Module (SAASM) or M-Code
capability and Precise Positioning Service (PPS) (20
installed, 2 spares).
Eighty-eight (88) LAU-129 guided missile launchers.
Twenty-two (22) M61A1 anti-aircraft guns (20 installed, 2
spares).
Twelve (12) AN/AAQ-33 Sniper Advanced Targeting Pods (ATP).
Twenty-four (24) Multifunctional Information Distribution
System-Joint Tactical Radio Systems (MIDS-JTRS).
One hundred twelve (112) Advanced Medium Range Air-to-Air
Missiles (AMRAAMs) Air Intercept Missile (AIM)120C-8 or
equivalent missiles.
Four (4) AMRAAM guidance sections.
Thirty-six (36) Guided Bomb Unit (GBU)-39/B Small Diameter
Bombs Increment 1 (SDB-1).
Two (2) GBU-39 (T-1)/B SDB-1 Guided Test Vehicles (GTV).
Forty (40) AIM-9X Block II Sidewinder missiles.
Thirty-two (32) AIM-9X Block II Sidewinder Captive Air
Training Missiles (CATMs).
Four (4) AIM-9X Block 11 Sidewinder guidance units.
Three (3) AIM-9X Block II Captive Air Training Missile
(CATM) guidance units.
Sixty (60) MK-82 500-lb general purpose bombs.
Sixty (60) MK-84 2,000-lb general purpose bombs.
Thirty (30) Joint Direct Attack Munition (JDAM) KMU-572
tail kits for GBU-38 or Laser JDAM GBU-54.
Sixty (60) FMU-152 fuze systems.
Thirty (30) MAU-210 Enhanced computer control groups (ECCG)
for GBU-50 Enhanced Paveway II (EP II).
Thirty-two (32) MXU-651 air foil groups (AFG) for GBU-50 EP
II.
Non-Major Defense Equipment: The following non-MDE items
will also be included: AN/ALQ-254 Viper Shield (VS)
electronic warfare (EW) or equivalent systems; AMRAAM CATMs;
AIM-9X Sidewinder training missiles and active optical target
detectors (AOTD); Infrared Search and Track (IRST) systems;
Air Combat Maneuvering Instrument (ACMI) range systems; FMU-
139 Joint Programmable Fuzes (JPFs); missile containers; AN/
ARC-238 radios; AN/APX-127 or equivalent Advanced
Identification Friend or Foe (AIFF) Combined Intenogator
Transponders (CIT) with Mode 5; KY-58 and KIV-78
cryptographic devices; AN/PYQ-10 Simple Key Loaders (SKLs);
KGV-250X cryptographic devices; Scorpion Hybrid Optical-based
Inertial Trackers (HObIT) or Joint Helmet Mounted Cueing
Systems II (JHMCS II) helmet mounted displays; night vision
devices (NVDs); spare image intensifier tubes; AN/ALE-47
Airborne Countermeasures Dispenser Systems (CMDS); AN/ALE-47
countermeasure processors; AN/ALE-47 sequencer switching
units; AN/ALE-47 Control Display Units (CDUs); precision
navigation; Joint Mission Planning Systems (JMPS); GPS
Antenna System (GAS-1) antenna electronics; Sniper pod
pylons; ADU-890 and ADU-891 adapter units, LAU-117 and LAU-88
Maverick launchers, impulse cartridges, chaff, flares,
ammunition, and other bomb components; BRU-57 bomb racks;
BRU-61 munitions carriage assemblies; MAU-12 bomb racks and
TER-9A triple ejection racks; Common Munitions Built-in-Test
(BIT) Reprogramming Equipment (CMBRE); Rackmount Improved
Avionics Intermediate Shop (RIAIS); Cartridge Actuated
Devices/Propellant Actuated Devices (CAD/PAD); targeting
systems; aircraft refurbishment after maintenance training;
spare and repair parts, consumables and accessories; repair
and return support; aircraft, engine, ground, and pilot life
support equipment; classified and unclassified computer
program identification number (CPIN) systems; pylons,
launcher adapters, weapon interfaces, and bomb and ejection
racks; fuel tanks; Precision Measurement Equipment Laboratory
(PMEL) and calibration support; National Geospatial-
Intelligence Agency (NGA) maps and mapping data; ferry and
fuel support; classified and unclassified software and
software support; classified and unclassified publications,
manuals, and technical documentation; facilities and
construction support; simulators and training devices;
personnel training and training equipment; studies and
surveys; U.S. Government and contractor engineering,
technical, and logistics support services; and other related
elements of logistics and program support.
(iv) Military Department: Air Force (PH-D-SAC); Navy (PH-P-
AAB, PH-P-AAC).
(v) Prior Related Cases, if any: None.
(vi) Sales Commission, Fee, etc., Paid, Offered, or Agreed
to be Paid: None known at this time.
(vii) Sensitivity of Technology Contained in the Defense
Article or Defense Services Proposed to be Sold: See Attached
Annex.
(viii) Date Report Delivered to Congress: April 1, 2025.
* As defined in Section 47(6) of the Arms Export Control.
policy justification
Government of the Philippines--F-16 Aircraft
The Government of the Philippines has requested to buy
sixteen (16) F-16 C Block 70/72 aircraft; four (4) F-16 D
Block 70/72 aircraft; twenty-four (24) Fl10-GE-129D or F100-
PW-229 Engines (20 installed, 4 spares); twenty-two (22)
Improved Programmable Display Generators (iPDG) (20
installed, 2 spares); twenty-two (22) AN/APG-83 Active
Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) Scalable Agile Beam
Radars (SABR) (20 installed, 2 spares); twenty-two (22)
Modular Mission Computers 7000AH (or available mission
computer) (20 installed, 2 spares); twenty-two (22) Embedded
Global Positioning System (GPS) Inertial Navigation Systems
(INS) (EGI) with Selective Availability Anti-Spoofing Module
(SAASM) or M-Code capability and Precise Positioning Service
(PPS) (20 installed, 2 spares); eighty-eight (88) LAU-129
guided
[[Page S2088]]
missile launchers; twenty-two (22) M61A1 anti-aircraft guns
(20 installed, 2 spares); twelve (12) AN/AAQ-33 Sniper
Advanced Targeting Pods (ATP); twenty-four (24)
Multifunctional Information Distribution System-Joint
Tactical Radio Systems (MIDS-JTRS); one hundred twelve (112)
Advanced Medium Range Air-to-Air Missiles (AMRAAMs) Air
Intercept Missile (AIM)-120C-8 or equivalent missiles; four
(4) AMRAAM guidance sections; thirty-six (36) Guided Bomb
Unit (GBU)-39/B Small Diameter Bombs Increment 1 (SDB-1); two
(2) GBU-39(T-1)/B SDB-1 Guided Test Vehicles; forty (40) AIM-
9X Block II Sidewinder missiles; thirty-two (32) AIM-9X Block
II Sidewinder Captive Air Training Missiles (CATMs); four (4)
AIM 9X Block II Sidewinder guidance units; three (3) AIM-9X
Block II Captive Air Training Missile (CATM) guidance units;
sixty (60) MK-82 500-lb general purpose bombs; sixty (60) MK-
84 2,000-lb general purpose bombs; thirty (30) Joint Direct
Attack Munition (JDAM) KMU-572 tail kits for GBU-38 or Laser
JDAM GBU-54; sixty (60) FMU-152 fuze systems; thirty (30)
MAU-210 enhanced computer control groups (ECCG) for GBU-50
Enhanced Paveway II (EP II); and thirty-two (32) MXU-651 air
foil groups (AFG) for GBU-50 EP II. The following non-MDE
items will also be included: AN/ALQ-254 Viper Shield (VS)
electronic warfare (EW) or equivalent systems; AMRAAM CATMs;
AIM-9X Sidewinder training missiles and active optical target
detectors (AOTD); Infrared Search and Track (IRST) systems;
Air Combat Maneuvering Instrument (ACMI) range systems; FMU-
139 Joint Programmable Fuzes (JPFs); missile containers; AN/
ARC-238 radios; AN/APX-127 or equivalent Advanced
Identification Friend or Foe (AIFF) Combined Intenogator
Transponders (CIT) with Mode 5; KY-58 and KIV-78
cryptographic devices; AN/PYQ-10 Simple Key Loaders (SKLs);
KGV-250X cryptographic devices; Scorpion Hybrid Optical-based
Inertial Trackers (HObIT) or Joint Helmet Mounted Cueing
Systems II (JHMCS II) helmet mounted displays; night vision
devices (NVDs); spare image intensifier tubes; AN/ALE-47
Airborne Countermeasures Dispenser Systems (CMDS); AN/ALE-47
countermeasure processors; AN/ALE-47 sequencer switching
units; AN/ALE-47 Control Display Units (CDUs); precision
navigation; Joint Mission Planning Systems (JMPS); GPS
Antenna System (GAS-1) antenna electronics; Sniper pod
pylons; ADU-890 and ADU-891 adapter units, LAU-117 and LAU-88
Maverick launchers, impulse cartridges, chaff, flares,
ammunition, and other bomb components; BRU-57 bomb racks;
BRU-61 munitions carriage assemblies; MAU-12 bomb racks and
TER-9A triple ejection racks; Common Munitions Built-in-Test
(BIT) Reprogramming Equipment (CMBRE); Rackmount Improved
Avionics Intermediate Shop (RIAIS); Cartridge Actuated
Devices/Propellant Actuated Devices (CAD/PAD); targeting
systems; aircraft refurbishment after maintenance training;
spare and repair parts, consumables and accessories; repair
and return support; aircraft, engine, ground, and pilot life
support equipment; classified and unclassified computer
program identification number (CPIN) systems; pylons,
launcher adapters, weapon interfaces, and bomb and ejection
racks; fuel tanks; Precision Measurement Equipment Laboratory
(PMEL) and calibration support; National Geospatial-
Intelligence Agency (NGA) maps and mapping data; ferry and
fuel support; classified and unclassified software and
software support; classified and unclassified publications,
manuals, and technical documentation; facilities and
construction support; simulators and training devices;
personnel training and training equipment; studies and
surveys; U.S. Government and contractor engineering,
technical, and logistics support services; and other related
elements of logistics and program support. The estimated
total cost is $5.58 billion.
This proposed sale will support the foreign policy and
national security of the United States by helping to improve
the security of a strategic partner that continues to be an
important force for political stability, peace, and economic
progress in Southeast Asia.
The proposed sale will enhance the Philippine Air Force's
ability to conduct maritime domain awareness and close air
support missions and enhance its suppression of enemy air
defenses (SEAD) and aerial interdiction capabilities. This
sale will also increase the ability of the Armed Forces of
the Philippines to protect vital interests and territory, as
well as expand interoperability with the U.S. forces. The
Philippines will have no difficulty absorbing this equipment
into its armed forces.
The proposed sale of this equipment and support will not
alter the basic military balance in the region.
The principal contractor will be Lockheed Martin, located
in Greenville, SC. At this time, the U.S. Government is not
aware of any offset agreement proposed in connection with
this potential sale. Any offset agreement will be defined in
negotiations between the purchaser and the contractor.
Implementation of this proposed sale will not require the
assignment of any additional u.s Government or contractor
representatives to the Philippines.
There will be no adverse impact on U.S. defense readiness
as a result of this proposed sale.
Transmittal No. 25-11
Notice of Proposed Issuance of Letter of Offer Pursuant to
Section 36(b)(1) of the Arms Export Control Act
Annex Item No. vii
(vii) Sensitivity of Technology:
1. The F-16 Block 70 weapon system is a fourth generation
single-engine supersonic all-weather multirole fighter
aircraft and features advanced avionics and systems. It
contains the General Electric Fl10-129D engine, AN/APG-83
radar, digital flight control system, embedded internal
global navigation system, Joint Helmet Mounted Cueing Systems
(JHMCS) II or Scorpion Hybrid Optical-based Inertial Tracker
(HObIT) with night vision device compatibility, internal and
external electronic warfare (EW) equipment, Advanced
Identification Friend or Foe (AIFF), Link-16 datalink,
operational flight trainer, and software computer systems.
a. General Electric F110-GE-129D and Pratt and Whitney
F100-PW-229 engines are afterburning turbofan jet engines
that power the F-16. Engine spare modules are kits made up of
spare engine components including the following modules:
inlet fan, core engine, fan drive turbine, augmenter duct and
nozzle, and gear box.
b. The Modular Mission Computer (MMC) 7000AHC is the
central aircraft computer of the F-16. It serves as the hub
for all aircraft subsystems and avionics data transfer.
c. The Improved Programmable Display Generator (iPDG) and
color multifunction displays utilize ruggedized commercial
liquid crystal display technology designed to withstand the
harsh environment found in modern fighter cockpits. The
display generator is the fifth generation graphics processor
for the F-16. Through the use of state-of-the-art
microprocessors and graphics engines, it provides orders of
magnitude increases in throughput, memory, and graphics
capabilities.
d. The APG-83 Scalable Agile Beam Radar (SABR) is an Active
Electronically Scanned Array (AESA) radar upgrade for the F-
16. It includes higher processor power, higher transmission
power, more sensitive receiver electronics, and Synthetic
Aperture Radar (SAR), which creates high-resolution ground
maps from a greater distance than prior mechanically scanned
array radars (e.g., APG-68). The upgrade features an increase
in detection range of air targets, increases in processing
speed and memory, as well as significant improvements in all
modes.
e. The Embedded Global Positioning System (GPS)/Inertial
Navigation System (INS) (EGI) with Selective Availability
Anti-Spoofing Module (SAASM)--or M-Code receiver when
available--and Precise Positioning Service (PPS) is a self-
contained navigation system that provides the following:
acceleration, velocity, position, attitude, platform azimuth,
magnetic and true heading, altitude, body angular rates, time
tags, and coordinated universal time (UTC) synchronized time.
SAASM or M-Code enables the GPS receiver access to the
encrypted P(Y or M) signal, providing protection against
active spoofing attacks.
f. The integrated EW suite provides passive radar warning,
wide spectrum radio frequency jamming, and control and
management of the entire EW system. This system is
anticipated to be internal to the aircraft, although mounted
pod variants are used in certain circumstances.
g. AIFF Combined Interrogator Transponder (CIT) is a system
capable of transmitting and interrogating Mode 5. Mode 4 and
Mode 5 anti-jam performance specifications and data, software
source code, algorithms, and tempest plans or reports will
not be offered, released discussed, or demonstrated.
h. Multifunction Information Distribution System (MIDS)
Joint Tactical Radio System (JTRS) is a four-channel software
programmable radio for Link-16 digital voice communications
and datalink, Tactical Air Navigation (TACAN), and advanced
waveforms. Link-16 is a command, control, communications, and
intelligence (C31) system incorporating high-capacity, jam-
resistant digital communication links for exchange of near
real-time tactical information, including both data and
voice, among air, ground, and sea elements.
i. The Infrared Search and Track System (IRST) is a high
resolution, passive, infrared sensor system that searches
for, detects, and tracks threats with infrared signatures at
long ranges within its field of regard. It functions without
emitting any radiation of its own and enables aircrews to
detect adversaries before those adversaries see or sense
them.
2. The LAU-129 guided missile launcher is capable of
launching the Air Intercept Missile (AIM)-9 family of
missiles or AIM-120 Advanced Medium Range Air-to-Air Missile
(AMRAAM). The LAU-129 launcher provides the mechanical and
electrical interface between the missile and aircraft.
3. The M61 Vulcan Cannon is a six-barreled automatic cannon
chambered in 20x120mm with a cyclic rate of fire from 2,500-
6,000 shots per minute. This weapon is a hydraulically-
powered air-cooled Gatling gun used to damage and destroy
aerial targets, suppress and incapacitate personnel targets,
and damage and destroy moving and stationary light material
targets.
4. The AN/AAQ-33 Sniper Advanced Targeting Pod is a single,
lightweight targeting pod for military aircraft that provides
positive target identification, autonomous tracking, GPS
coordinate generation, and precise weapons guidance from
extended standoff ranges. It incorporates a high definition
mid-wave forward-looking infrared (FLIR) dual-mode laser,
visible-light high definition television (HDTV), laser spot
tracker, video data link (VDL), and digital data recorder.
[[Page S2089]]
5. AN/ARC-238 radio with HAVE QUICK II is a voice
communications radio system which employs cryptographic
technology. Other waveforms may be included as needed.
6. The AN/APX-126/127 AIFF CIT is a system capable of
transmitting and interrogating Mode 5. The AN/APX-127 is a
form, fit, and function refresh of the AN/APX-126 and is the
next generation to be produced.
7. The AN/ALE-47 Countermeasures Dispenser System (CMDS)
provides an integrated, threat-adaptive, computer-controlled
capability for dispensing chaff, flares, and active radio
frequency expendables. The system is internally mounted and
may be operated as a stand-alone system or may be integrated
with other on-board EW and avionics systems. The AN/ALE-47
uses threat data received over the aircraft interfaces to
assess the threat situation and determine a response.
Expendable routines tailored to the immediate aircraft and
threat environment may be dispensed using one of four
operational modes.
8. The KY-58 is a secure voice module primarily used to
encrypt radio communication to and from military aircraft and
other tactical vehicles.
9. The KIV-78 is a cryptographic applique for
Identification Friend or Foe. It can be loaded with Mode 5
classified elements.
10. The AN/PYQ-10 Simple Key Loader (SKL) is a handheld
device used for securely receiving, storing, and transferring
data between compatible cryptographic and communications
equIpment.
11. The Joint Mission Planning System (JMPS) is a multi-
platform, computer-based mission planning system. Its modular
suite of systems is tailored to user needs, allowing
operators of various aircraft to install modules required for
flight planning, weapons delivery planning, post-flight
debrief, and operational integration.
12. JHMCS II and Scorpion HObIT are devices used in
aircraft to project information to the pilot's eyes and to
aid in tasks such as cueing weapons and aircraft sensors to
air and ground targets. These systems project visual
targeting and aircraft performance information on the back of
the helmet visor, enabling the pilot to monitor information
without interrupting field of view through the cockpit
canopy. This provides improved capability in close combat
targeting and engagement.
13. The AIM-9X Block II Sidewinder missile is a short-range
air-to-air missile with a high off-boresight seeker, enhanced
countermeasure rejection capability, low drag/high angle of
attack airframe, and the ability to integrate a Helmet
Mounted Cueing System (HMCS). This potential sale will
include AIM-9X guidance sections, Active Optical Target
Detectors (AOTD), training missiles, Captive Air Training
Missiles (CATM), and CATM guidance units.
14. The AIM-120C-8 AMRAAM is a supersonic, air-launched,
aerial intercept guided missile featuring digital technology
and micro-miniature solid-state electronics. AMRAAM
capabilities include look-down/shoot-down, multiple launches
against multiple targets, resistance to electronic
countermeasures, and interception of high and low-flying and
maneuvering targets. This potential sale will include CATM,
as well as AMRAAM guidance and control sections.
15. The GBU-39 Small Diameter Bomb Increment 1 (SDB-1) is a
250-lb GPS-aided, small autonomous, day or night, adverse
weather, conventional, air-to-ground precision glide weapon
with an inertial navigation system and able to strike fixed
and stationary re-locatable nonhardened targets from standoff
ranges. It is intended to provide aircraft with an ability to
carry a high number of bombs. Aircraft are able to carry four
SDBs in place of one 2,000-lb bomb.
16. Joint Direct-Attack Munitions (JDAM) consist of a bomb
body paired with a warhead-specific tail kit containing a
GPS/INS guidance capability that converts unguided free-fall
bombs into accurate, adverse weather smart munitions. The
JDAM weapon can be delivered from modest standoff ranges at
high or low altitudes against a variety of land and surface
targets during the day or night. The JDAM is capable of
receiving target coordinates via preplanned mission data from
the delivery aircraft, by onboard aircraft sensors (i.e.,
FLIR, radar, etc.) during captive carry, or from a third-
party source via manual or automated aircrew cockpit entry
a. The GBU-38 is a 500-lb JDAM consisting of a KMU-572 tail
kit and MK-82 or BLU-111 500-lb bomb body.
b. The GBU-54 Laser Joint Direct Attack Munition (LJDAM) is
a 500-lb JDAM which incorporates all the capabilities of the
JDAM guidance tail kit and adds a precision laser guidance
set. The LJDAM gives the weapon system an optional semi-
active laser guidance in addition to the INS/GPS guidance.
This provides the optional capability to strike moving
targets. The GBU-54 consists of a DSU-38 laser guidance set,
KMU-572 tail kit, and MK-82 or BLU-111 bomb body.
17. The MK-82 General Purpose (GP) bomb is a 500-lb, free-
fall, unguided, low-drag weapon. The MK-82 is designed for
soft, fragment-sensitive targets and is not intended for hard
targets or penetrations.
18. The Enhanced Paveway II (EP II) Laser Guided Bomb (LGB)
is a maneuverable, all-weather, free-fall weapon that guides
to a spot of laser energy reflected off the target. The
``enhanced'' component is the addition of GPS-aided Inertial
Navigation Systems (GAINS) guidance to the laser seeker.
Laser designation for the LGB can be provided by a variety of
laser target markers or designators. The EP II consists of an
MAU-210 enhanced computer control group (ECCG) that is not
warhead-specific and a warhead-specific air foil group (AFG)
that attaches to the nose and tail of a GP bomb body.
a. (U) The GBU-50 is 2,000-lb GP bomb body fitted with the
MAU 210 CCG and MXU-651 AFG to guide its laser designated
target.
19. The MK-84 GP bomb is a 2,000-lb, free-fall, unguided,
low-drag weapon. The MK-84 is designed for soft, fragment
sensitive targets and is not intended for hard targets or
penetrations.
20. The FMU-152 or FMU-139 Joint Programmable Fuze (JPF) is
a multi-delay, multi-arm, and proximity sensor compatible
with general purpose blast, frag, and hardened-target
penetrator weapons. JPF settings are cockpit selectable in
flight when used with numerous precision-guided weapons.
21. The highest level of classification of defense
articles, components, and services included in this potential
sale is SECRET.
22. If a technologically advanced adversary were to obtain
knowledge of the specific hardware and software elements, the
information could be used to develop countermeasures that
might reduce system effectiveness or be used in the
development of a system with similar or advanced
capabilities.
23. A determination has been made that the Philippines can
provide substantially the same degree of protection for the
sensitive technology being released as the U.S. Government.
This sale is necessary in furtherance of the U.S. foreign
policy and national security objectives outlined in the
Policy Justification.
24. All defense articles and services listed in this
transmittal have been authorized for release and export to
the Government of Philippines.
____________________