[Congressional Record Volume 171, Number 42 (Wednesday, March 5, 2025)]
[Senate]
[Pages S1503-S1506]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




                          LEGISLATIVE SESSION

                                 ______
                                 

  DISAPPROVING THE RULE SUBMITTED BY THE BUREAU OF CONSUMER FINANCIAL 
 PROTECTION RELATING TO ``DEFINING LARGER PARTICIPANTS OF A MARKET FOR 
      GENERAL-USE DIGITAL CONSUMER PAYMENT APPLICATIONS''--Resumed

  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under the previous order, the Senate will 
resume consideration of the following joint resolution, which the clerk 
will report.
  The senior assistant legislative clerk read as follows:

       A joint resolution (S.J. Res. 28) disapproving the rule 
     submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection 
     relating to ``Defining Larger Participants of a Market for 
     General-Use Digital Consumer Payment Applications''.

  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Iowa.


                                 China

  Mr. GRASSLEY. Mr. President, in January, investor concerns about 
China's advances in AI innovation wiped out nearly $1 trillion in U.S. 
tech stock value, and that happened in a single day.
  Chinese companies like DeepSeek are often able to keep pace with 
Silicon Valley because they steal our tech secrets, and they do it from 
right under our own noses. This not only puts the United States at a 
competitive disadvantage but also threatens our national security.
  The Citizenship and Immigration Services Ombudsman has warned that 
Chinese nationals in our university systems are engaged in widespread 
technological espionage both on campus and in the workplace. Foreign 
STEM students often take tech jobs that give them access to sensitive 
technologies. This shouldn't be possible. Why? Because the law clearly 
states that student visas are solely for study, not for work.
  Outrageously, the Department of Homeland Security has granted work 
authorizations to hundreds of thousands of foreign students every year, 
in violation of the law. The Department of Homeland Security has even 
allowed foreign students to stay in this country under their student 
visas for years after they graduate in order to work. If we want to 
protect our national security and our competitive economic competition 
with China, this must end.
  So I am hopeful that with new leadership at the Department of 
Homeland Security, these unlawful work authorizations will no longer be 
approved. That leads me to calling on Secretary Noem to protect 
American jobs, innovation, and national security by terminating the CPT 
and the OPT student work programs--in other words, stop the steal that 
benefits the Communist Party of China.
  I yield the floor.
  I suggest the absence of a quorum.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll.
  The senior assistant legislative clerk proceeded to call the roll.
  Mr. THUNE. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the order for 
the quorum call be rescinded.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.


                   Recognition of the Majority Leader

  The majority leader is recognized.


                   Nomination of Lori Chavez-DeRemer

  Mr. THUNE. Mr. President, the Senate will soon vote on its 21st 
Cabinet nominee, Lori Chavez-DeRemer, nominated for Secretary of Labor.
  Ms. Chavez-DeRemer is a former Congresswoman from Oregon. She has 
been a mayor, a city councilor, and she and her husband spent 30 years 
building a small business. From her first job packing peaches at a 
California farm, Ms. Chavez-DeRemer has known the value of a hard day's 
work, and in her public service, she has put in the work to seek 
differing perspectives and to find common ground.

[[Page S1504]]

  Ms. Chavez-DeRemer's mother would always tell her ``When you know 
better, you do better,'' and we need the Labor Department to do better 
than what we saw from the Biden administration.
  Over the last 4 years, the Labor Department pushed out many mandates 
that were the very opposite of pro-worker. Americans lost their jobs 
because of the Biden COVID vaccine mandate. Many workers found the 
independent contractor status they valued threatened by a Biden 
administration rule. Then there was the Labor Department's attempt to 
allow 150 million Americans' retirement savings to be invested based on 
climate factors rather than just an investment's rate of return.
  President Trump has shown his commitment to the working people of 
this country. Making life better for working Americans was a priority 
in his first administration, and it will be a priority in his second. 
It is a welcome change in direction from the last 4 years.


                       Joint Session of Congress

  Mr. President, speaking of a welcome change in direction, last night, 
the President came to Capitol Hill to address Congress and lay out his 
vision for the next 4 years--his vision and his record of 
accomplishment, because in just 6 weeks, President Trump has already 
accomplished an incredible amount.
  Chief among his achievements is the job he and his administration 
have done in securing our southern border and restoring respect for the 
rule of law. There were approximately 8,450 encounters at our southern 
border during the month of February--8,450. That is at least--at 
least--a 25-year low. To put that number in perspective, during the 
Biden border crisis, Customs and Border Protection was sometimes 
dealing with 8,000 or more attempted illegal crossings per day. In just 
6 weeks in office, President Trump is overseeing an incredible 
turnaround. It just shows what happens when you have a President and an 
administration committed to securing the border and enforcing the law.
  Senate Republicans are committed to answering the President's call 
for additional funding to protect our borders, enforce our immigration 
laws, and get dangerous criminal aliens off of our streets.
  Another crisis the President has lost no time in addressing is the 
national energy emergency that we are facing. As the Washington Post 
reported last March, ``Amid explosive demand, America is running out of 
power.''
  The Biden administration, of course, pursued policies guaranteed to 
make things worse, from restricting conventional energy development to 
forcing Americans into electric vehicles. Fortunately, we are in a new 
era. President Trump has already taken steps to roll back burdensome 
Biden energy regulations like the electric vehicle mandate and unleash 
American energy development, and the Republican Congress will support 
his efforts. For the sake of our security, our economy, and Americans' 
pocketbooks, we need to have a reliable, affordable, and abundant 
energy supply, and I am thankful to have a President who recognizes 
this.
  One of the signature accomplishments of the first Trump 
administration was the passage of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, 
legislation that put more money in hard-working Americans' pockets, and 
one of the top priorities of the second Trump administration is making 
that tax relief permanent. It is a priority for the President, and it 
is a priority for Republicans here in the Senate. We are hard at work 
laying the groundwork for permanently extending the Tax Cuts and Jobs 
Act this year.
  There were so many things to hear last night that were a welcome 
change from the last 4 years: President Trump's commitment to reversing 
burdensome Biden administration regulations and eliminating 10 
regulations for every new one his administration proposes; the 
President's commitment to eliminating wasteful and unnecessary 
spending; his commitment to protecting children from radical gender 
ideology and ensuring that women and girls' athletic opportunities are 
protected and more.
  As always, Mr. President, I am grateful for President Trump's faith 
in America. It reminds us just how blessed we are to live in this great 
country and that in the United States of America, everything is 
possible.
  I yield the floor.
  I suggest the absence of a quorum.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll.
  The senior assistant legislative clerk proceeded to call the roll.
  Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the order 
for the quorum call be rescinded.


                   Recognition of the Minority Leader

  The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Mullin). The Democratic leader is 
recognized.


                       Joint Session of Congress

  Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, last night, Donald Trump subjected the 
American people to a deluge of falsehoods, misrepresentations, and 
outright lies. What Americans heard last night was easily the nastiest, 
most divisive, most partisan, and most dishonest Presidential address 
in American history.
  In a speech that lasted almost 2 hours, Donald Trump spent over 10 
minutes falsely ridiculing and delegitimizing Social Security, 
following DOGE's lead alleging this program, which serves tens of 
millions of Americans, is a scam. They seemed to be preparing to go 
full steam ahead to take benefits away from you, the American people.
  It is amazing. Tens of millions of Americans depend on that check, 
that Social Security check, to buy food, which is becoming more 
expensive under Donald Trump; to pay for prescription drugs, and they 
want to repeal the laws we did that made them cheaper for the average 
American; and so much else. Calling it a scam, ridiculing it with false 
information, and cutting 7,000 out of Social Security offices shows you 
where they are headed: to hurt Social Security, one of the most sacred 
programs in America.
  Why are they doing this? Why would they do this? So unpopular. Only 
for one reason: The motivation of Donald Trump, Elon Musk, and the 
Republican Party is tax cuts for the billionaires. That is their No. 1 
goal, and they will twist America in knots, hurting people--many 
people, millions of people--to get it done.
  Trump also lied about his plans to eviscerate Medicaid and lied about 
his plans to cut taxes for billionaires while making working Americans 
pay the costs.
  Mr. President, there was more truth in 10 minutes of Senator Elissa 
Slotkin's rebuttal than in 2 hours of Donald Trump's long-winded, self-
serving diatribe. Senator Slotkin did an outstanding job last night 
dismantling Donald Trump's nonsense with clarity, with facts, and with 
some desperately needed common sense. I am so glad I asked her to 
deliver the Democratic response because she knocked it out of the park.
  Now, when Donald Trump wasn't lying, he was distracting. He talked 
again about renaming the Gulf of Mexico. He talked about renaming 
mountains. He said that he was a better President than George 
Washington. What a bubble this guy is in. What planet is he on? For a 
moment, I wondered if Donald Trump was utterly clueless of the disaster 
his administration has been under his watch.
  The one thing Donald Trump did not mention last night was a real, 
serious plan to bring down costs--the No. 1 thing Americans wanted to 
hear most. Instead, Donald Trump doubled down on his plans to send 
costs skyrocketing by starting a trade war with Canada and Mexico.
  Let's be very clear about this. Donald Trump's tariffs are a tax on 
working- and middle-class families. The average American household 
could see an extra $2,000 a year in expenses. Tariffs mean the cost of 
pretty much everything would go up, not just cars, although he could 
destroy the car industry--remember, about 40 percent of the parts that 
are in American cars come from Canada--but also housing and groceries 
and food--beef, dairy, eggs--and the cost of furniture and smartphones 
and laptops and fertilizer for farmers. Even going out to dinner with 
friends will be more expensive because of Donald Trump's tariffs.
  Tariffs will slow growth. They will erode profits. They worsen 
unemployment and inequality and wreak havoc on supply chains that tens 
of millions of people and businesses depend on.

[[Page S1505]]

  Let's be clear. The administration has obviously not thought through 
these tariffs. They seem to be changing their plans by the hour. Even 
this uncertainty is extremely harmful to the economy. It makes it 
impossible for businesses to plan ahead. It depresses spending, slows 
growth, and eats away at consumer confidence.
  Yes, there are certain tariffs--particularly against China, which is 
competing with us economically in unfair ways--that might make some 
sense, but these have been unthought through. They are creating chaos 
for the economy. That is the one thing that the tariffs are 
accomplishing--chaos for the economy, stock market plummets.
  Why are they doing this? Well, it is not different here than Social 
Security or Medicaid. Why is Donald Trump hell-bent on starting a trade 
war when virtually every expert knows the casualties of a trade war 
will be families and consumers? The reason is very simple--one reason 
he and DOGE say that Social Security is a scam: They want to take away 
people's benefits to pay for billionaire tax cuts. That is the whole 
ball game.
  I can't think of a time where any President ridiculed Social Security 
the way Donald Trump did, and I can't think of a time where someone was 
more chaotic and deleterious on tariffs than Donald Trump was.
  What they are seeking in return is the greatest transfer of wealth 
from working families to billionaires in the history of America. They 
want to take Social Security benefits away from you, the American 
people. They want to take healthcare away from you, the American 
people. They want to take away education and medical research and 
infrastructure and basic public services. Why? Well, it is pretty 
expensive to give tax cuts to the wealthy and elite, but that is what 
they are doing. That is what a transfer of wealth looks like to the 
average American--taking so much away from you, the things you need and 
depend on.
  But Donald Trump and Republicans forget one thing: The American 
people aren't just going to roll over and let Republicans ruin this 
country. Democrats and, frankly, all Americans of good will, regardless 
of party, are organizing and mobilizing to defend healthcare and Social 
Security and the livelihood of American families. Americans are 
organizing in public, and Republicans have seen these frustrations at 
townhalls. That should be the first clue that they should drop their 
terrible agenda. When a lead Republican in the House tells Republicans 
``You better cancel your townhalls,'' they are running away from their 
policies and priorities.
  We are organizing online. I set up a call with some of the leading 
activists, people who have been out there on the frontlines protesting 
in New York last week. I thought about 500 people would get on the 
Zoom; it was 3,000. I met with 3,000 on Zoom--a turnout exceeding all 
expectations--to talk about how to defend healthcare, defend public 
services, stop tax cuts for the very wealthy, and make people's voices 
heard in the halls of power.
  We are organizing in the courts. New lawsuits are happening every 
single day. Since just March 1--that is 4 or 5 days ago--at least 35 
court rulings have come down halting or pausing some of the 
administration's worst abuses. The courts are one of the best tools 
available for protecting the rule of law and preventing the worst 
abuses of the administration.
  Organizing is not easy. It takes persistence. But it works. It makes 
change happen. It is the cornerstone on which democracy is founded.
  Donald Trump's exhausting speech is now in the rearview mirror, so 
Democrats will keep fighting every day to protect this precious 
democracy and hold the line against Donald Trump's attempts to rob 
American families of their livelihoods, taking so much away from the 
average American family and giving it to the very, very wealthy.
  I yield the floor.
  Mr. SCHUMER. I suggest the absence of a quorum.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will call the roll.
  The senior assistant legislative clerk called the roll.
  Mr. BARRASSO. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the order 
for the quorum call be rescinded.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
  The Republican whip.
  Mr. BARRASSO. Mr. President, I come to the floor today having just 
heard the minority leader come to the floor and have his reflections on 
last night's address to the Nation by President Donald Trump. Well, a 
man is entitled to his opinion.
  This morning, however, CBS News reported on what the viewers at home 
thought about what they saw. The headline is ``Poll of Trump's 2025 
joint address to Congress finds large majority of viewers approve.''
  A large majority--76 percent of the viewers--approved of what they 
heard last night.
  They asked those viewers: Did the President spend time on talking 
about the issues that you care about?
  Two out of three said: Yes, indeed.
  His speech--how did it make people feel? What did they say?
  Almost 70 percent said: Hopeful. Hopeful for the future.
  Over half said: Proud. Proud of America.
  Speech viewers described the President as ``presidential,'' 
``inspiring,'' and ``unifying.''
  The question they asked is: Does President Trump have a clear plan 
for inflation?
  More than two out of three said: Yes.
  That is what the American people saw.
  So apparently the minority leader did not see the same speech or did 
not reflect the same way as the great majority of the American viewers 
at home, because last night, I believe people saw President Trump's 
bold agenda and rapid action in motion. That was focused on securing 
the border.
  Joint addresses to Congress are typically about making promises, but 
last night, it was different. President Trump spoke about the promises 
he is keeping, the action that he has already taken to make our country 
safer.
  The numbers tell the story. Under President Trump, in February, there 
were less than 9,000 illegal crossings at our southern border. That is 
the lowest in recorded history.
  Under Joe Biden, the border was a very different story. The border 
was wide open for members of criminal cartels, the drug dealers, people 
on the Terrorist Watch List.
  Last month was February. We are now into March. So we look at 
February 2022, 2023, 2024, and now with President Trump back in office. 
In February 2022, under Joe Biden, 160,000 illegal crossings; 2023, 
157,000 illegal crossings; 2024, 190,000 illegal crossings; President 
Trump, less than 9,000. Joe Biden was having these numbers in a single 
day when he was in the White House.
  President Trump is securing the border. He is doing it boldly. He is 
doing it strongly. He is doing it with intention.
  One illegal immigrant said: It is too hard; you can't cross right 
now. That is the message we wanted. The American people wanted illegal 
immigrants to be hearing that it is too hard, don't even try it.
  Under President Trump, we actually have reverse migration. It is the 
reality. Cartel criminals once profited from the border invasion--not 
anymore. One smuggler told NBC News that his profits had fallen 80 
percent. That is a good message for them all to hear.
  Illegal immigrants are turning around, and at the same time, illegal 
criminals in this country are being taken down. In my home State of 
Wyoming, ICE recently arrested two Mexican nationals, drug dealers. One 
man was found with a pound of methamphetamine. President Trump is 
taking coldblooded criminals like this off of our streets and getting 
them out of the country.
  President Trump is also fighting to stop the drug cartels, and these 
are the people who are flooding our Nation with deadly drugs. Fentanyl 
poisoning kills more than 70,000 American citizens each and every year. 
This is a crisis.
  On day one, President Trump listed these killer cartel members as 
terrorist organizations. No other President has taken such a bold step 
ever. And it is working. The cartels are now shutting down drug labs. 
The leaders are going into hiding. For the first time in years, the 
cartels are running scared.
  That is the way it should be. President Trump said he is going to do

[[Page S1506]]

whatever it takes to keep Americans safe.
  President Trump began his first day in office by signing dozens of 
Executive orders. He cracked down on illegal immigrant criminals in 
each and every one of our communities.
  He empowered the Border Patrol agents. They are securing the border 
once again. He launched the largest deportation operation in history. 
Immigration and Customs Enforcement officers have started to deport the 
worst illegal immigrant criminals.
  President Trump also made sure American taxpayers stopped paying 
billions of their dollars on free hotels, on free phones, on free 
healthcare for illegal immigrants, which, of course, acted as a magnet 
to bring more illegal immigrants into the country. Not the message they 
are hearing today.
  Social Security, Medicare, and Medicaid are for American citizens, 
not for illegal immigrants. President Trump's actions are going to 
protect and preserve these vital programs for the very people that the 
programs were intended from the beginning.
  The American public overwhelmingly supports what President Trump is 
doing. CBS News, the same people that did the poll this morning on how 
successful and how much the people of this country welcomed the 
President's address last night--well, last week, CBS News reported that 
59 percent of Americans approved of President Trump's deportation 
program. And 64 percent say the President's actions are reducing 
illegal migration and crossings at the southern border.
  It is what the American people want. It is what they voted for in 
November--a secure border. People around this country oppose what the 
Democrats are doing in sanctuary cities like Chicago, Los Angeles, 
Denver, and Boston. They oppose funneling their hard-earned taxpayer 
dollars to pay for benefits for illegal immigrants. People want safety, 
they want security, and they want some sanity coming out of Washington 
that they didn't have in the last 4 years. That is what President Trump 
and that is what Republicans are delivering.
  This is only the beginning. Last night, President Trump laid out a 
clear path forward. He said the Department of Homeland Security needs 
backup, needs manpower, we need to finish the wall.
  Manpower, technology, the wall, they are essential for full border 
security. That is why 2 weeks ago, the Presiding Officer and I and 
other Members of our colleagues here on the Republican side of the 
aisle passed a budget that increases for border security. Senate 
Republicans voted for more border agents, more detention beds, more 
deportation flights. Every Democrat, when having an opportunity to vote 
for those things, voted no.
  Securing the border is why I introduced a bill called the Build the 
Wall Act. My legislation finishes building the wall along the southern 
border, and it was paid for with unspent COVID money. The money is 
still there. Stopping the killer cartels is why the Senate needs to now 
pass the HALT Fentanyl Act. Lives are on the line. Fentanyl is the No. 
1 killer of Americans between the ages of 18 and 45.
  Permanently listing deadly illicit fentanyl as a schedule I drug, I 
believe, will save lives. The HALT Fentanyl Act is bipartisan. It 
passed the Senate Judiciary Committee, 16 to 5. It passed the House of 
Representatives with the support of 98 Democrats, and I am grateful 
that Leader Thune is preparing to bring it to the floor.
  The Senate is going to deliver a secure border and safer communities. 
That is what the American people demand, and it is what the American 
people deserve.


                          Waiving Quorum Call

  I ask unanimous consent to waive the mandatory quorum call with 
respect to the Blanche nomination.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
  I yield the floor.

                          ____________________