[Congressional Record Volume 171, Number 38 (Wednesday, February 26, 2025)]
[House]
[Pages H865-H870]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




                              {time}  1730
                          DEMOCRATIC PROPOSALS

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under the Speaker's announced policy of 
January 3, 2025, the gentleman from California (Mr. Garamendi) is 
recognized for 60 minutes as the designee of the minority leader.


                             General Leave

  Mr. GARAMENDI. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that all Members 
may have 5 legislative days in which to revise and extend their remarks 
and include extraneous material in the Record.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the 
gentleman from California?
  There was no objection.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. Mr. Speaker, it is hard to say where to start, but 
perhaps I will simply augment what we just heard from my Democratic 
colleagues, who gave example after example of the crazy, uncoordinated 
attack on Americans that we are now seeing from the current 
administration.
  As we hear those stories of the reality of the programs that are not 
moving forward, the reversal of critical programs to protect 
individuals and their healthcare, to protect individuals in their daily 
lives as they travel, to protect Americans now and in the future as we 
address the issues of climate change and the enormous challenges, much 
more will be said about that in the days ahead. It definitely should 
be.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise today to deal with a positive message. It is a 
positive message that compares how Democrats would address the 
challenges of our time versus what our President and his DOGE minions 
are doing and what our Republican colleagues here in the House are 
attempting to do with their budget reconciliation proposal and soon 
their individual tax and other policies.
  I rise today as House Republicans are moving forward with their 
budget scheme that literally betrays the working men and women of 
America, all because my colleagues on the other side of the aisle want 
to put forward and carry forward the 2017 tax program that the majority 
rammed through this House without a single hearing. It was a program 
that created trillions and trillions of dollars of deficit and did 
little to enhance the American economy.
  We see the Trump trifecta in action. Trump and Musk, with the backing 
of timid Republicans, have traumatized Federal employees. Republicans 
have purged the military of competent, experienced leaders and have 
usurped congressional, constitutional power of the purse and power of 
the law by dissolving programs, such as USAID, which is authorized by 
law; the Consumer Finance Protection Bureau; and many, many other 
government agencies.
  Mr. Speaker, instead of reclaiming the constitutional power of 
Congress, our Republican colleagues are now pushing forward their 
budget that will make working families sicker, less healthy, and 
hungry, all the while giving $3.5 trillion in lower taxes and tax 
breaks to their billionaire donor friends and corporations. In the 
process, it will skyrocket the national deficit and apparently betray 
their own long-held view that deficit financing was bad.
  Mr. Speaker, the Democrats have a different version. It is based on 
what Franklin Roosevelt said many years ago: ``The test of our progress 
is not whether we add more to the abundance of those who have much; it 
is whether we provide enough for those who have too little.''
  It is our intention to create a level playing field upon which every 
American can advance and prosper. Republicans are doing neither of 
these. Worse yet, the majority will provide nothing for those who have 
little and give everything to those who already have so very, very 
much.
  The Roosevelt test is once again before us, and Republicans are 
failing at that test. My colleagues on the other side of the aisle 
intend to cut Medicare while making healthcare for the Americans more 
expensive.
  My Republican colleagues intend to cut student loan relief programs. 
They intend to cut Pell grants that are crucial for keeping not only 
students in schools but schools open all across communities of America, 
particularly low-income communities.
  Republicans will make our children go hungry by slashing school lunch 
programs and even school breakfast programs. The majority will cut SNAP 
programs, a lifesaving program that feeds millions of Americans and 
provides support to farmers.
  My colleagues will make our roads less safe by cutting critical 
infrastructure. Republicans will cut services that maintain our 
national forests and our national parks, as we heard. Firefighters are 
being laid off or not even being hired for the summer fire season.
  In our national parks, who will be there? Apparently my colleagues on 
the other side of the aisle don't care much for those people who are 
necessary for providing the summer programs in our national parks.
  My Republican colleagues will give $3.5 trillion in tax breaks to the 
superwealthy and to very large corporations, who often pay no taxes at 
all. In all of this, the majority will add trillions to our national 
debt.
  Democrats have a different vision. It is a vision rooted in fairness 
and rooted in the words of Franklin Roosevelt. We believe that every 
American deserves a good quality of life, a shot at success, a vision 
of a level playing field on which they can prosper and have the support 
to rise as far as they could and as far as they would want.
  We are here today to highlight our vision and to show the American 
people that there is a disconnect between what the Republicans want and 
are actually doing and what American families really need.
  Here are some of those policies that the congressional Democrats 
would bring to the floor if we had four more Members in our Caucus:
  Democrats will support working families. The first thing we will do 
to support working families is to expand the child tax credit.
  Ranking Member Rosa DeLauro's American Family Act will cut child 
poverty in half and provide critical relief for middle-class and low-
income families by providing a $6,000 refundable tax credit to help 
families with the high cost of a child's first year of life.

  Democrats will lower the cost of goods and services for Americans. If 
we

[[Page H866]]

had those four additional Democrats, we would include provisions in our 
budget to protect American families from price gouging. It is 
unacceptable that American corporations continue to exploit the crisis 
and leave working families with the bill. Democrats will establish a 
Federal ban on price gouging, and we will hold those corporations 
accountable.
  Democrats will build and expand on the $35 insulin cap, which 
incidentally is a price cap that Trump removed. The skyrocketing price 
of this lifesaving drug for every American must be reinstituted, and it 
must be expanded.
  Democrats will expand the $2,000 out-of-pocket prescription drug cap 
for all Americans, and Democrats will lower housing costs by expanding 
the affordable housing programs, the low-income housing tax credit, and 
strengthening access to housing using a bill that I have introduced 
called the HOME Act, which will increase housing availability. 
Democrats will raise workers' salaries and wages.
  The third provision that we would include in our budget is the PRO 
Act. The PRO Act protects the right for working men and women to 
organize, ensuring that workers have the power to negotiate for fair 
wages and benefits.
  As a Member of the Labor Caucus, I know the importance of collective 
bargaining and protecting unions. Collective bargaining is the fairest 
possible way for workers to earn the money that they deserve for the 
work that they have performed.
  We will also push forward the Raise the Wage Act to gradually bring 
the Federal minimum wage in line with the economic reality of American 
workers.
  Mr. Speaker, Democrats will also defend Social Security, Medicare, 
and Medicaid. We will do this with legislation such as Representative   
John Larson's Social Security 2100 Act, which will increase benefits 
while ensuring that the superwealthy pay their fair share and secure 
this critical program for future generations.
  The House Republican budget scheme, endorsed by our President and 
designed to help the superwealthy and their billionaire buddies like 
Elon Musk, will cut Social Security benefits and Medicare and Medicaid 
benefits.
  In my district alone, the Republican proposal will gut Medicaid for 
250,000 of my constituents. My colleagues on the other side of the 
aisle will also go after Social Security benefits for those in need. In 
my district, 89,163 children will lose their healthcare based upon the 
budget proposal that the Republicans are pursuing.
  Republicans will also cut $1 trillion out of Medicaid, and that will 
gut healthcare services for millions of seniors, for pregnant women, 
and for children with disabilities.
  Mr. Speaker, the Democrats will defend our borders, and we will do 
this with wise legislation and comprehensive reform.
  Unfortunately, last year, a congressional bipartisan proposal in the 
Senate to pass historic immigration reform was killed by the current 
President, who was not then in office. He called upon the Republicans 
to stop, not to proceed, and my Republican colleagues didn't. That left 
us with the current crisis.
  We have a proposal. Congresswoman Linda Sanchez' U.S. Citizenship Act 
will modernize our immigration laws, strengthen our economy, and 
provide for a responsible approach to border management, family 
reunification, and for the necessary workers that we need.
  We will do better, and we will deliver actual results that solve 
problems, not create additional problems.
  Democrats will pay for all of this by making sure that we have a 
fair, equitable tax system in which the superwealthy and the 
billionaires will pay their fair share. We will not go down the path 
that our Republican friends intend to go, and that is to extend the 
2017 tax cut law that actually provided more than 85 percent of the 
trillions of dollars of benefits of lower taxes that go to the 
superwealthy and the billionaire class.

                              {time}  1745

  We are not going to go that direction. The superwealthy and the 
billionaires should not have a continuation of that tax cut.
  We will also take a look at the cut to corporate taxes that was in 
that legislation. A tax rate of 28 percent was on the docket for many 
years until 2017. Even today, if we were to go back to that, it is much 
lower than it was prior to that time.
  We will not raise taxes on any family earning less than $400,000. We 
will restore the long-term capital gains rate to 28 percent, which is 
actually lower than the previous rates.
  We have much work ahead of us, and we intend to see that it gets 
done.
  Let me be clear, as you heard from my colleagues here earlier, the 
work that the DOGE boys and women are doing is a break-it policy that 
Elon Musk has brought to the government. He has no business being in 
government. He has no authority, or does he?
  In the morning, we hear from the White House that he has no 
authority. In the afternoon, we hear that he does. Either way, what he 
is doing is dead wrong.
  We know from the past that there is waste, fraud, and abuse out 
there, and we know how to do it. It has been done in a wise, thoughtful 
way. We tried understanding what that organization's purpose was and 
then looked for ways to make it more efficient and effective.
  I did this myself when I was Deputy Secretary in the Clinton 
administration at the Department of the Interior. We were told by the 
President and the Vice President that it was time for reform, and we 
set about to do it.
  In the Department of the Interior alone, we had just over 100,000 
employees at the National Park Service, Bureau of Land Management, U.S. 
Geological Survey, Bureau of Indian Affairs, and others. We looked at 
those programs and said that it can be done better.
  The end result was that we reduced employment by 10,000, a 10 percent 
reduction. We made the Department more efficient and more effective. 
That is the way it can be done. That is the way it should be done. 
Wholesale reductions and firings, as you heard from my colleagues early 
on, make no sense at all.
  The contrast between what we Democrats have done and will do is 
clear. We know the Republicans are set off on a course to further 
enrich those who have much and to go exactly the opposite direction of 
what Franklin Delano Roosevelt said, that it is not our goal to enrich 
those who have much, but rather to provide for those who have little.
  We will create a level playing field upon which every American will 
have an opportunity to rise and thrive to whatever level they want with 
a solid education program, a solid economy, and an opportunity to join 
with others to raise their future.
  It is our moment to push back and to stand up for working families. 
We will put people over politics, and this is our moment to build an 
economy that works for everyone, not just for a few.
  Mr. Speaker, joining me today in this discussion are several members 
of our Democratic Caucus.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman from California (Mr. Tran), a 
new member of our Caucus from Orange County who understands these 
issues and will now share with us his thoughts.
  Mr. TRAN. Mr. Speaker, I am honored to announce that the first bill I 
will introduce as a Member of Congress is the Protect Veteran Jobs Act. 
The men and women who serve our country deserve our unwavering support, 
not broken promises.
  The indiscriminate firing of veterans by the Trump administration and 
Elon Musk's DOGE dishonors the unwavering commitment that these public 
servants have dedicated to our country. These heroes stepped up for us, 
and now, we must stand up for them.
  This issue is deeply personal to me. I am the son of Vietnamese 
refugees who fled war and persecution in search of safety and a better 
life in America. This country welcomed them and gave me the chance to 
succeed.
  I joined the Army out of sense of duty to my country because I wanted 
to give back to the country that gave me so much. I wanted to protect 
the very principles of freedom, justice, and decency that we hold dear.
  I don't see those values in the actions by the Trump administration. 
I see only division, fear, and cruelty.
  I have a duty as a Congressman, as a veteran, and as a proud American 
to stand up for those who made the highest commitment to us. It is my 
honor

[[Page H867]]

to introduce the Protect Veteran Jobs Act to reinstate veterans who 
were recklessly terminated under the Trump administration's 
dishonorable purge of the Federal workplace and hold the executive 
branch accountable for any future terminations that may occur.
  This isn't about politics. This is about basic decency.
  Veterans make up 30 percent of the Federal workplace, and when they 
are unjustly removed, it impacts all of us. From delays in healthcare 
and disability claims to staffing shortages at the VA, the consequences 
are dire.
  Mr. Speaker, veterans have our backs, and we must have theirs. I hope 
my colleagues will join me in supporting this important bill. Veterans 
gave everything for us. It is time we give back to them.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. Mr. Speaker, I thank Mr. Tran very much for bringing 
the message to the House about what the current administration is doing 
to harm veterans. I also thank him for his service, both in the 
military and in his work in Orange County. I also appreciate him for 
bringing to this floor and to this House his experience and this 
legislation. Hopefully, the majority will see the wisdom of it and make 
it law.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentlewoman from Texas (Ms. Johnson), and 
I am looking forward to her thoughts.
  Ms. JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I thank my colleague from 
California (Mr. Garamendi) for hosting this Special Order hour on this 
very important topic.
  Last night, 217 Republicans voted to gut Texas Medicaid, raise costs, 
and take away healthcare from over 100,000 of my constituents, 
including over 80,000 children and over 12,000 seniors just in my 
district.

  I love my State. There are so many great things about Texas, but 
unfortunately, we are number one in some of the worst ways.
  Texas leads the Nation in the number of people without health 
insurance--for children and adults. We lead the Nation in maternal 
mortality, having the highest number of mothers die during childbirth. 
We lead the Nation in infant mortality.
  Over 4.8 million Texans currently rely on Medicaid, over 16 percent 
of our State. These are not just statistics to gloss over, but they are 
children, moms, seniors, and our loved ones in nursing homes.
  The Republican-endorsed cuts will exacerbate Texas' healthcare 
crisis, creating irresponsible, political-based policy instead of 
collaborating for real solutions.
  In addition to the loss of healthcare access, many of those still 
with coverage will see their costs skyrocket.
  Under the Republican budget they voted for just last night, the 
average premium for 103,000 people who receive coverage under the 
Affordable Care Act in my district will increase by 69 percent. Let me 
say that again. Their premiums will increase by 69 percent because of 
what the Republicans have done in this budget.
  Many families would face even steeper consequences. In Texas-32, a 
60-year-old couple with a household income of $85,000 would see their 
health insurance premiums increase by $13,000 a year. That is a 181 
percent increase in just 1 year. Families cannot afford that.
  Mr. Speaker, I am all for cutting waste and finding fraud and abuse, 
but taking away healthcare and making it unaffordable for the people of 
Texas is not the way to do it.
  Texas Medicaid, Medicare, and Social Security programs must be 
protected. They represent our commitment to the American people that 
their government will be there to help them when they are at their most 
vulnerable.
  The fact is that these cuts will mean life-altering changes for 
families across America and will lead to nursing homes being closed, 
doctors refusing to care for patients, healthcare claims being denied, 
and more debt and increased costs on the backs of families who are 
already struggling to make ends meet.
  I will ask this question to my Republican colleagues: Are you ready 
to take in your aging parents to care for them when your local nursing 
homes close? Are you ready to move your dining room table out and bring 
in a hospital bed because there is not a long-term care facility to 
take care of them?
  We have already lost 27 rural hospitals in Texas because of a lack of 
adequate Medicaid funding. It takes some people in our State 3 to 4 
hours just to get to a cardiologist after they have a heart attack--and 
do you know what? They are dead.
  This has real consequences for people when we don't have adequate 
healthcare. This should not be a partisan issue. It doesn't matter if 
you are a Republican or Democrat. When your mom is sick, you want them 
to have healthcare. When your baby breaks their arm, you want them to 
have healthcare. This is a universal human issue, and it is 
irresponsible what the Republicans have done in this budget.
  I am proud to stand with my Democratic colleagues as we fight against 
these devastating cuts, and I encourage my Republican colleagues to 
join us because their constituents want healthcare, too. Everyone does.
  Mr. Speaker, I am committed to finding ways to improve healthcare and 
make it more reliable and affordable. That is what Texas families want. 
That is what the American people want.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. Mr. Speaker, I would like to have a colloquy with the 
gentlewoman from Texas if I might.
  Ms. JOHNSON of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentleman from 
California for the purposes of a colloquy.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. Talk a little bit about where your district is.
  Ms. JOHNSON of Texas. Sure. I am Julie Johnson. I represent Texas-32. 
I am from Dallas, Texas.
  It is an urban district with a lot of suburban areas. We have access 
to great hospital care there. However, we still have healthcare 
deserts. We have people who can't afford health insurance at the 
current skyrocketing prices that they are. We have very high housing 
costs. We have people with very high student loan debt.
  If you are a 32-year-old trying to live the American Dream and trying 
to buy your first house or afford your student loan, you can't do it 
all.
  Do you know what the minimum wage is in Texas? $7.75 an hour. You are 
trying to do the best you can. You are working at the grocery store, 
doing things that make our economy run, working in retail, but you are 
making $7.75 an hour.
  You can't afford health insurance that costs you $24,000 a year when 
you don't even make that, and that is the problem with where we are.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. Mr. Speaker, I am certainly pleased that I gave Ms. 
Johnson an opportunity to expand. I thank her so very much.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield to the gentlewoman from Oregon (Ms. Dexter), a 
new Representative.
  Ms. DEXTER. Mr. Speaker, I am grateful to be here. I appreciate the 
opportunity from my colleague from California (Mr. Garamendi).
  I rise today to join my Democratic colleagues in voicing our 
unwavering commitment to protecting the vital programs that Americans 
rely on, prioritizing the working families that I represent over 
millionaires and billionaires.
  Last night, I stood with every single Democrat in this House to vote 
against a devastating budget advanced by House Republicans to enrich 
the ultrawealthy at the expense of our working families.

                              {time}  1800

  I grew up in a working-class family. I am the first and only person 
still to have gone to college and graduated in my family. A union job 
offered me the opportunity at 16 to pay my way with rent and food costs 
in the city of Seattle, and then to go to college. There is absolutely 
no way that anyone in my district can do that with a part-time job at 
an entry-level grocery store position.
  House Republicans' plan is to pay for $4.5 trillion, with a t, in tax 
giveaways for the Elon Musks of the world to gut the programs that 
allow Oregonians to afford healthcare, put food on the table, and keep 
a roof over their heads.
  As a physician, I know that access to healthcare is literally a 
matter of life and death. I am terrified about what it means for my 
district, where 200,000 people are at risk of losing their healthcare. 
Many of them are children, disabled members of our community, and our 
seniors. They will have to go without Medicaid services.
  Now, don't get me wrong, it does not say anywhere in that budget 
resolution

[[Page H868]]

that healthcare and Medicaid are going to get cut, but make no mistake, 
$880 billion in tax cuts cannot be done any other way.
  In the days leading up to this vote, I received heart-wrenching call 
after heart-wrenching call from constituents desperate for an answer as 
to why the Trump-Musk administration is pursuing this agenda of cruel 
chaos and how they will survive it.
  To each of those Oregonians who called, please know that no matter 
the odds, I will use every tool at my disposal, with my colleagues, to 
expose this great betrayal for what it is. I will stop at nothing to 
safeguard the programs that my constituents rely on, and I will call on 
my Republican colleagues to have courage in this moment of great need 
for their communities as well.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. If I might, I would like to yield to the gentlewoman 
for a little colloquy.
  Your experience before you came here, you were a physician?
  Ms. DEXTER. Yes.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. What was your practice?
  Ms. DEXTER. I am a pulmonologist, meaning I take care of people with 
lung disease, and a critical care physician, caring for people who are 
on life support in our intensive care units.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. You did this in the district which you now represent, 
which is what, part of Oregon?
  Ms. DEXTER. It is Oregon's Third Congressional District, which is 
Portland to the beautiful mountain, Mount Hood, which is emblematic of 
our State.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. Your experience is going to be invaluable as we work 
through this very difficult period of time. I thank you for bringing 
the message to the floor and to the American people. It is very, very 
important that they understand the depth and the trauma that the 
proposed budget will create and the alternative that you put forward. 
Thank you very much for joining us.
  I now welcome to the floor the gentlewoman from California, Laura 
Friedman. I happen to know where she is from, so I won't ask her, 
although she should certainly tell all of us about her district and her 
vision. I yield to the gentlewoman.
  Ms. FRIEDMAN. Mr. Speaker, I thank Congressman Garamendi for 
organizing this Special Order this evening.
  I am Laura Friedman, and I represent the 30th Congressional District 
in Los Angeles, a district that has really undergone a terrible tragedy 
with fires, for which we are very much hoping for the kind of support 
from the Federal Government that so many other regions have received 
unconditionally after natural disasters.
  Last night, I stood on this House floor, united with every single 
House Democrat, to stand in opposition to the Republicans' slash-and-
burn budget scheme that will take critical programs away from 
hardworking Americans that so many of us rely on, particularly in these 
difficult times.
  Now, was this done by the Republicans out of a sense of fiscal 
responsibility?
  Well, I have got to say no. It is not fiscally responsible to take 
money away from Americans just to provide a $4.5 trillion tax break to 
the richest 1 percent of this country and to large corporations who 
weren't even asking for a tax break.
  Let's be clear: This slash-and-burn budget is an attack on families, 
seniors, veterans, and children. It is a direct attack on Medicaid, 
meaning that fewer families will have access to affordable healthcare 
at a time when healthcare access is so out of reach for Americans.
  It is an attack on SNAP food benefits, leaving millions struggling to 
put food on the table.
  It is an attack on Head Start, robbing children of the most critical 
early education opportunities, opportunities that will lift young 
people out of poverty.
  It is even an attack on the tax credit and on many other programs 
that help our young people afford a higher education. That will make it 
harder for the next generation to afford college. It will also have the 
effect of stifling innovation, weakening Americans' ability to lead by 
staying on the cutting edge of technology.
  Now, in California we very much value our public education system. We 
have Silicon Valley, the entertainment industry, and huge biotech 
industries. Those are all fueled by the education that our UC system 
and our private colleges provide. However, because of this budget, so 
many young people who today are able to achieve that education and 
power our economy in California, which powers the United States' 
economy, just leaves us with a brain drain that will keep us from being 
competitive with other nations.
  Why is this happening?
  It is just to pad the pockets of the wealthiest Americans, the same 
people who don't need another handout. Trump's tax proposals will give 
the richest 1 percent an average tax break of more than $300,000. Think 
about that, $300,000.
  What do Californians and Americans across the Nation get in return? 
What do ordinary people get?
  They get higher costs. They get worse services as we lay off public 
employees. Those are the same people who answer the phone if you need 
to help a veteran get services or help yourself get Social Security or 
need to access Medicaid. The people who answer those phones are being 
laid off. That will make lives harder for our families.
  In fact, on average, families making less than $157,000 a year are 
going to see their taxes increase by more than $1,500. That is higher 
taxes on more than 265 million Americans. Instead of making life more 
affordable, this is going to make it harder for people to get by.
  For all the talking that Republicans do about cutting the deficit, 
with more than $4.5 trillion in tax breaks for the ultrawealthy, this 
is an upside-down approach that will still manage to increase and blow 
up the debt by almost $3 trillion. That is not responsible governing. 
That is not fiscal responsibility. It is slashing critical programs, 
raising taxes on the majority of Americans, and handing out checks to 
the top 1 percent. It is a betrayal of the American people.
  I am now, and I will always be, a big fat ``hell no'' on this slash-
and-burn Republican budget. Democrats stand united against raising 
costs on American families, and I will continue to fight for an economy 
that puts hardworking families first and that will invest in the kind 
of educational opportunities that will truly make our Nation great.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. Mr. Speaker, I thank Ms. Friedman. I would like to 
yield to the gentlewoman for a short colloquy.
  You raised the issue of education. If our goal is, as I said earlier 
with the Roosevelt quote, that our task is to do for those who have 
little, it really begins with education. If we have a good, solid 
education program, then people will have the ability to get on a level 
playing field and to move to wherever they may want to go in terms of 
their quality of life, as well as whatever income they might achieve.
  You were talking earlier about the education cuts. If you would like 
to expand on that, perhaps the two of us or you alone can bring to this 
floor the devastating cuts that are being discussed with the 
termination of the Department of Education.
  Ms. FRIEDMAN. Absolutely. I am a mom, and I have an 11-year-old. One 
of the most important things to me is to make sure that my daughter has 
access to the highest quality education possible so that she can 
achieve as much as she is capable of.
  That starts right at kindergarten and goes all the way up to wherever 
she wants to go, whether that is through high school, into a trade 
school or to higher education. All of us want to know that if our child 
can get into a college that we can afford to send them there.
  So many Americans worry, can I pay for my child's education? So many 
people in my district and other districts worry whether or not their 
child is getting a quality education at their public schools.
  I was at a school this week that has Head Start, where a majority of 
their children are taking advantage of Head Start because they are low 
income. In fact, at the particular school in my district that I toured, 
they also educate children with disabilities, children who are blind or 
have autism. Head Start is what supports a lot of that.

[[Page H869]]

  The Department of Education is tasked with making sure that we have 
an equitable distribution of resources around the country, and if a 
child is facing any kind of discrimination in their school, if they are 
not able to access Head Start, if they are not able to access programs 
because of their disability, the Department of Education is there to 
make sure that they get what they deserve, what their taxpaying parents 
are paying for. Without that, there is no guarantee that this money 
gets to these young children.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. There are also very important programs at the higher 
education level.
  Ms. FRIEDMAN. That is right. I have spoken to a lot of our 
universities that have seen either the programs that they use to 
deliver scholarships to children who couldn't otherwise go to college 
be frozen and certainly threatened by this budget.
  In addition, one of the great benefits of our universities is the 
research that they do. This is research that powers our economy, that 
gives us the next generation of inventors, and gives us the inventions 
which have led to the internet, which have led to a lot of what we do 
with the space program, which leads to advancements in clean energy. 
All of those are being piloted through our universities. They have seen 
their funding frozen, absolutely frozen.
  Even though a Federal judge told the Trump administration that that 
was illegal and those payments have started again, they are unsure 
whether that money is going to continue. Clearly, the administration's 
goal is to end the funding for that kind of R&D that is done at every 
university, which is part of our kids' education and part of the 
production of the United States of America. These are the things that 
we are proud of coming out of our national labs and coming out of our 
universities.
  The benefits are for education, but they are also to power our 
economy through the inventions that the American mind has been able to 
create.
  Why would we stop that? Why would we stop the very engine of our 
advancement in the world, the thing that makes us the number one Nation 
on Earth? Why would we want to cut the funding off for that? It doesn't 
make any sense.
  People who are undergoing programs right now that have seen some 
funding coming back can't even reach the NIH, who administers these 
grants, because of a gag order from this administration. There are so 
many threats through this budget and through this administration, to 
college, to your kids' ability to access higher education, and to the 
very institutions that make up our collegiate system in the United 
States.
  Mr. GARAMENDI. Thank you so much for bringing that to all of our 
attention.
  Earlier today, I met with the chancellor of the University of 
California, Berkeley, and we discussed much of what you just brought to 
our attention.
  The research that has been undertaken at UC Berkeley has in the 
previous year, 2024, created 1,618 new small businesses directly as a 
result of the research and the effort that the university is making to 
nurture these startup businesses. These are the businesses of the 
future that are using the research, which you very correctly brought to 
our attention, that is being cut.
  That research has led to innovation, new technologies, and new 
solutions. Perhaps you would like to expand on that.
  Ms. FRIEDMAN. Yes. Besides being a mom, I am a breast cancer 
survivor. After I was diagnosed, I found out that one of the treatments 
that has been a revolution in terms of saving the lives of women 
suffering from breast cancer was developed, I believe, at UCLA.
  So many of our medical advancements come through the R&D that is done 
at our universities. That is funding that right now is frozen and 
funding that is under direct threat.
  For those of us who care about the health and well-being of our 
families, it is not just about Medicaid, even though that is important. 
It is also about the treatments of the future that have already shown 
so much progress not only for the United States to be able to sell 
treatments around the world, but to cure diseases like cancer, to treat 
heart disease, to help with longevity.
  Those come through our universities as well, through partnerships 
that they have with private industry. We are talking a huge section of 
our economy that not only drives us in terms of jobs and making life 
more affordable, but literally keeps us alive. That is all right now on 
the chopping block in the Republican budget.

                              {time}  1815

  Mr. Speaker, it is very--when you get down into the details here, the 
research programs, some are stopped. Some will not be refunded and will 
not go forward. It appears as though the proposal that the 
administration or the policy that they are pursuing is to limit the 
money that the university uses to build the facilities and to provide 
the equipment.
  I believe 15 percent--it is about a 50 percent cut from the current 
funding. The result of that would seem to be, well, certainly that 
isn't direct; but it is. It is the foundation upon which that research 
is being used by multiple researchers. It is the hospitals and it is 
the laboratories.
  I would draw the attention of the House to beware of this proposal 
that is actually being implemented now to reduce the total research 
money that is available for the foundation upon which the individual 
researchers carry out their research.
  The bottom line of this is that America's progress really comes in 
five different ways. This has been something I have been working on for 
many years.
  First, it is the best education system in the world, as the 
gentlewoman put forward in her comments, it is absolutely fundamental. 
If you get a good education, you have a chance. If our society has 
well-educated children, then there will be advancements.
  Secondly, research is tomorrow's economy. We have seen this through 
the years. It has certainly been one of the critical elements of 
California's success in building the fourth or fifth biggest economy in 
the world.
  Thirdly, infrastructure--infrastructure comes in many ways. It is the 
facilities that the researchers use at the universities. It is the 
roads, the streets, the sewer systems, and the like.
  I suspect that in the Republican budget proposal there will be 
reductions in critical research, particularly in the research but also 
in the infrastructure. It is particularly in that portion of the 
infrastructure that allows us to deal with the critical issue of 
climate change which brings me to that issue and the infrastructure 
needed to address that. That is electrical systems, grid systems, and 
the like.
  We also need to make sure that in this process we not only pay 
attention to those elements but we also pay attention to the 
international situation that is out there. We compete internationally.
  The solution that the President is proposing is that we are going to 
protect ourselves with tariffs. If we are interested in keeping the 
cost to individuals down, then don't go to tariffs. There is a need for 
balance here, and tariffs have a role. No doubt about it. The use of 
tariffs being proposed by the President will raise costs and will not 
enhance because the other elements that we need--a well-educated 
society, infrastructure, and access to research--will not be available.
  We have a complex situation out in front of us. I thank the 
gentlewoman so very much for joining us today and for bringing to all 
of us the issues that she is concerned with in her district and with 
her family. I thank my colleague so much for joining us.
  We are now near the end of this Special Order hour. I notice that my 
Republican colleagues have hopefully been listening carefully and have 
learned and would not continue to pursue policies that are detrimental 
to the progress of our Nation. I would also hope that they would keep 
in mind Franklin Delano Roosevelt's words: ``The test of our progress 
is not whether we add more to the abundance of those who have much; it 
is whether we provide enough for those who have too little.''
  I would add to that, that we create a level playing field and that we 
pursue policies that create that level playing field, that provide 
access to education, and that provide the necessary support for 
families who are in need. We can do better.

[[Page H870]]

  Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time.

                          ____________________