[Congressional Record Volume 170, Number 186 (Monday, December 16, 2024)]
[Senate]
[Pages S7054-S7056]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




 BRIDGING AGENCY DATA GAPS AND ENSURING SAFETY FOR NATIVE COMMUNITIES 
                                  ACT

  Mr. SCHUMER. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the Senate 
proceed to the immediate consideration of Calendar No. 559, S. 465.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk will report the bill by title.
  The senior assistant legislative clerk read as follows:

       A bill (S. 465) to require Federal law enforcement agencies 
     to report on cases of missing or murdered Indians, and for 
     other purposes.

  There being no objection, the Senate proceeded to consider the bill, 
which had been reported from the Committee on Indian Affairs with an 
amendment to strike all after the enacting clause and insert in lieu 
thereof the following:

     SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS.

       (a) Short Title.--This Act may be cited as the ``Bridging 
     Agency Data Gaps and Ensuring Safety for Native Communities 
     Act'' or the ``BADGES for Native Communities Act''.
       (b) Table of Contents.--The table of contents for this Act 
     is as follows:

Sec. 1. Short title; table of contents.
Sec. 2. Definitions.

                   TITLE I--BRIDGING AGENCY DATA GAPS

Sec. 101. National Missing and Unidentified Persons System Tribal 
              facilitator.
Sec. 102. Report on Indian country law enforcement personnel resources 
              and need.

            TITLE II--ENSURING SAFETY FOR NATIVE COMMUNITIES

Sec. 201. Demonstration program on Bureau of Indian Affairs law 
              enforcement employment background checks.
Sec. 202. Missing or murdered response coordination grant program.
Sec. 203. GAO study on Federal law enforcement agency evidence 
              collection, handling, and processing.
Sec. 204. Bureau of Indian Affairs and Tribal law enforcement officer 
              counseling resources interdepartmental coordination.

     SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

       In this Act:
       (1) Death investigation.--The term ``death investigation'' 
     has the meaning determined by the Attorney General.
       (2) Death investigation of interest to indian tribes.--The 
     term ``death investigation of interest to Indian Tribes'' 
     means a case involving--
       (A) a death investigation into the death of an Indian; or
       (B) a death investigation of a person found on, in, or 
     adjacent to Indian land or a Village.
       (3) Director.--The term ``Director'' means the Deputy 
     Bureau Director of the Office of Justice Services of the 
     Bureau of Indian Affairs.
       (4) Federal law enforcement agency.--The term ``Federal law 
     enforcement agency'' means the Office of Justice Services of 
     the Bureau of Indian Affairs, the Federal Bureau of 
     Investigation, and any other Federal law enforcement agency 
     that--
       (A) has jurisdiction over crimes in Indian country; or
       (B) investigates missing persons cases of interest to 
     Indian Tribes, death investigations of interest to Indian 
     Tribes, unclaimed human remains cases of interest to Indian 
     Tribes, or unidentified remains cases of interest to Indian 
     Tribes.
       (5) Indian.--The term ``Indian'' has the meaning given the 
     term in section 4 of the Indian Self-Determination and 
     Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304).
       (6) Indian country.--The term ``Indian country'' has the 
     meaning given the term in section 1151 of title 18, United 
     States Code.
       (7) Indian land.--The term ``Indian land'' has the meaning 
     given the term ``Indian lands'' in section 3 of the Native 
     American Business Development, Trade Promotion, and Tourism 
     Act of 2000 (25 U.S.C. 4302).
       (8) Indian tribe.--The term ``Indian Tribe'' has the 
     meaning given the term in section 4 of the Indian Self-
     Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 5304).

[[Page S7055]]

       (9) Missing persons case of interest to indian tribes.--The 
     term ``missing persons case of interest to Indian Tribes'' 
     means a case involving--
       (A) a missing Indian; or
       (B) a missing person whose last known location is believed 
     to be on, in, or adjacent to Indian land or a Village.
       (10) National crime information databases.--The term 
     ``national crime information databases'' has the meaning 
     given the term in section 534(f)(3) of title 28, United 
     States Code.
       (11) Relevant tribal organization.--The term ``relevant 
     Tribal organization'' means, as applicable--
       (A) a Tribal organization or an urban Indian organization; 
     and
       (B) a national or regional organization that--
       (i) represents a substantial Indian constituency; and
       (ii) has expertise in the fields of--

       (I) human trafficking of Indians;
       (II) human trafficking on Indian land or in a Village;
       (III) violence against Indians;
       (IV) missing or murdered Indigenous persons; or
       (V) Tribal justice systems.

       (12) Secretary.--The term ``Secretary'' means the Secretary 
     of the Interior.
       (13) Sexual violence case of interest to indian tribes.--
     The term ``sexual violence case of interest to Indian 
     Tribes'' means a case involving an allegation of sexual 
     violence (as defined in section 204(a) of Public Law 90-284 
     (25 U.S.C. 1304(a))).
       (14) Tribal justice official.--The term ``Tribal justice 
     official'' has the meaning given the term ``tribal justice 
     official'' in section 2 of the Indian Law Enforcement Reform 
     Act (25 U.S.C. 2801).
       (15) Tribal organization.--The term ``Tribal organization'' 
     has the meaning given the term in section 4 of the Indian 
     Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act (25 U.S.C. 
     5304).
       (16) Unclaimed human remains case of interest to indian 
     tribes.--The term ``unclaimed human remains case of interest 
     to Indian Tribes'' means a case involving--
       (A) unclaimed Indian remains identified by Federal, Tribal, 
     State, or local law enforcement; or
       (B) unclaimed human remains found on, in, or adjacent to 
     Indian land or a Village.
       (17) Unidentified remains case of interest to indian 
     tribes.--The term ``unidentified remains case of interest to 
     Indian Tribes'' means a case involving--
       (A) unidentified Indian remains; or
       (B) unidentified remains found on, in, or adjacent to 
     Indian land or a Village.
       (18) Urban indian organization.--The term ``urban Indian 
     organization'' has the meaning given the term in section 4 of 
     the Indian Health Care Improvement Act (25 U.S.C. 1603).
       (19) Village.--The term ``Village'' means the Alaska Native 
     Village Statistical Area covering all or any portion of a 
     Native village (as defined in section 3 of the Alaska Native 
     Claims Settlement Act (43 U.S.C. 1602)), as depicted on the 
     applicable Tribal Statistical Area Program Verification Map 
     of the Bureau of the Census.

                   TITLE I--BRIDGING AGENCY DATA GAPS

     SEC. 101. NATIONAL MISSING AND UNIDENTIFIED PERSONS SYSTEM 
                   TRIBAL FACILITATOR.

       (a) Appointment.--The Attorney General shall appoint 1 or 
     more Tribal facilitators for the National Missing and 
     Unidentified Persons System.
       (b) Duties.--The duties of a Tribal facilitator appointed 
     under subsection (a) shall include--
       (1) coordinating the reporting of information relating to 
     missing persons cases of interest to Indian Tribes, unclaimed 
     human remains cases of interest to Indian Tribes, and 
     unidentified remains cases of interest to Indian Tribes;
       (2) consulting and coordinating with Indian Tribes and 
     relevant Tribal organizations to address the reporting, 
     documentation, and tracking of missing persons cases of 
     interest to Indian Tribes, unclaimed human remains cases of 
     Interest to Indian Tribes, and unidentified remains cases of 
     interest to Indian Tribes;
       (3) developing working relationships, and maintaining 
     communication, with Indian Tribes and relevant Tribal 
     organizations;
       (4) providing technical assistance and training to Indian 
     Tribes and relevant Tribal organizations, victim service 
     advocates, medical examiners, coroners, and Tribal justice 
     officials regarding--
       (A) the gathering and reporting of information to the 
     National Missing and Unidentified Persons System; and
       (B) working with non-Tribal law enforcement agencies to 
     encourage missing persons cases of interest to Indian Tribes, 
     unclaimed human remains cases of interest to Indian Tribes, 
     and unidentified remains cases of interest to Indian Tribes 
     are reported to the National Missing and Unidentified Persons 
     System;
       (5) coordinating with the Office of Tribal Justice, the 
     Office of Justice Services of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, 
     the Executive Office for United States Attorneys, the Federal 
     Bureau of Investigation, State law enforcement agencies, and 
     the National Indian Country Training Initiative, as 
     necessary; and
       (6) conducting other training, information gathering, and 
     outreach activities to improve resolution of missing persons 
     cases of interest to Indian Tribes, unclaimed human remains 
     cases of interest to Indian Tribes, and unidentified remains 
     cases of interest to Indian Tribes.
       (c) Reporting and Transparency.--
       (1) Annual reports to congress.--During the 3-year-period 
     beginning on the date of enactment of this Act, the Attorney 
     General, acting through the Director of the National 
     Institute of Justice, shall submit to the Committees on 
     Indian Affairs, the Judiciary, and Appropriations of the 
     Senate and the Committees on Natural Resources, the 
     Judiciary, and Appropriations of the House of Representatives 
     an annual report describing the activities and 
     accomplishments of the Tribal facilitators appointed under 
     subsection (a) during the 1-year period preceding the date of 
     the report.
       (2) Public transparency.--Annually, the Attorney General, 
     acting through the Director of the National Institute of 
     Justice, shall publish on a website publicly accessible 
     information describing the activities and accomplishments of 
     the Tribal facilitators appointed under subsection (a) during 
     the 1-year period preceding the date of the publication.

     SEC. 102. REPORT ON INDIAN COUNTRY LAW ENFORCEMENT PERSONNEL 
                   RESOURCES AND NEED.

       (a) Office of Justice Services of the Bureau of Indian 
     Affairs.--Section 3(c)(16) of the Indian Law Enforcement 
     Reform Act (25 U.S.C. 2802(c)(16)) is amended by striking 
     subparagraph (C) and inserting the following:
       ``(C) a list of the unmet--
       ``(i) staffing needs of law enforcement, corrections, and 
     court personnel, including criminal investigators, medical 
     examiners, coroners, forensic technicians, indigent defense 
     staff, crime victim services staff, and prosecution staff, at 
     Tribal and Bureau justice agencies, including the Missing and 
     Murdered Unit of the Office of Justice Services of the 
     Bureau;
       ``(ii) replacement and repair needs of Tribal and Bureau 
     corrections facilities;
       ``(iii) infrastructure and capital needs for Tribal police 
     and court facilities, including evidence storage and 
     processing; and
       ``(iv) public safety and emergency communications and 
     technology needs, including equipment and internet capacity 
     needs; and''.
       (b) Department of Justice.--
       (1) Definition of department of justice law enforcement 
     agency.--In this subsection, the term ``Department of Justice 
     law enforcement agency'' means each of--
       (A) the Federal Bureau of Investigation;
       (B) the Drug Enforcement Administration;
       (C) the United States Marshals Service;
       (D) the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and 
     Explosives; and
       (E) the Offices of the United States Attorneys.
       (2) Annual report.--Each fiscal year, the Attorney General 
     shall submit to the Committees on Indian Affairs, the 
     Judiciary, and Appropriations of the Senate and the 
     Committees on Natural Resources, the Judiciary, and 
     Appropriations of the House of Representatives a report for 
     that fiscal year that includes--
       (A) the number of full-time employees of each Department of 
     Justice law enforcement agency that are assigned to work on 
     criminal investigations and prosecutions in Indian country;
       (B) the percentage of time the full-time employees, as 
     identified under subparagraph (A), spend specifically working 
     in Indian country;
       (C) the turnover rate during the 5-year period preceding 
     the report of full-time employees assigned to work on 
     criminal investigations and prosecutions in Indian country;
       (D) the average years of experience at the Department of 
     Justice of full-time employees assigned to work on criminal 
     investigations and prosecutions in Indian country;
       (E) the number of vacant positions with responsibilities 
     for criminal investigations and prosecutions in Indian 
     country;
       (F) an identification of expertise and skills necessary to 
     achieve the strategic goals of the Department of Justice 
     relating to public safety in Indian country;
       (G) an estimate of the number of employees needed with 
     specific skills and competencies to fulfill responsibilities 
     assigned for criminal investigations and prosecutions in 
     Indian country; and
       (H) a list of measures identified to indicate whether and 
     how the Department of Justice plans to execute its hiring, 
     retention, and training strategies.
       (3) GAO study and report.--
       (A) Study.--
       (i) In general.--Not later than 18 months after the date on 
     which the first annual report is submitted under paragraph 
     (2), the Comptroller General of the United States shall 
     conduct a review of unmet staffing identified by the 
     Department of Justice law enforcement agencies tasked with 
     work on criminal investigations and prosecutions in Indian 
     country.
       (ii) Requirement.--In conducting the study required under 
     clause (i), the Comptroller General of the United States 
     shall take into account the results of the most recent 
     report, as of the date of enactment of this Act, relating to 
     Indian country investigations and prosecutions prepared by 
     the Attorney General pursuant to section 10(b) of the Indian 
     Law Enforcement Reform Act (25 U.S.C. 2809(b)).
       (B) Report.--On completion of the review under subparagraph 
     (A), the Comptroller General of the United States shall 
     submit to the Committees on Indian Affairs, the Judiciary, 
     and Appropriations of the Senate and the Committees on 
     Natural Resources, the Judiciary, and Appropriations of the 
     House of Representatives a report that describes the results 
     of the study, including, as appropriate, proposals for 
     methods by which the Department of Justice can better measure 
     its unmet staffing and other needs for Department of Justice 
     law enforcement agencies tasked with work on criminal 
     investigations and prosecutions in Indian country.

            TITLE II--ENSURING SAFETY FOR NATIVE COMMUNITIES

     SEC. 201. DEMONSTRATION PROGRAM ON BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS 
                   LAW ENFORCEMENT EMPLOYMENT BACKGROUND CHECKS.

       (a) Establishment of Demonstration Program.--

[[Page S7056]]

       (1) In general.--The Secretary shall establish a 
     demonstration program for the purpose of conducting or 
     adjudicating, in coordination with the Director, personnel 
     background investigations for applicants for law enforcement 
     positions in the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
       (2) Background investigations and security clearance 
     determinations.--
       (A) BIA investigations.--As part of the demonstration 
     program established under paragraph (1), the Secretary may 
     carry out a background investigation, security clearance 
     determination, or both a background investigation and a 
     security clearance determination for an applicant for a law 
     enforcement position in the Bureau of Indian Affairs.
       (B) Agreements.--The Secretary may enter into a memorandum 
     of agreement with a State or local government, Indian Tribe, 
     or Tribal organization to develop steps to expedite the 
     process of receiving and obtaining access to information 
     pertinent to background investigation and security clearance 
     determinations for use in the demonstration program.
       (3) Sunset.--The demonstration program established under 
     paragraph (1) shall terminate 5 years after the date of the 
     commencement of the demonstration program.
       (b) Sufficiency.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
     law, a background investigation conducted or adjudicated by 
     the Secretary pursuant to the demonstration program 
     established under subsection (a)(1) that results in the 
     granting of a security clearance to an applicant for a law 
     enforcement position in the Bureau of Indian Affairs shall be 
     sufficient to meet the applicable requirements of the Office 
     of Personnel Management or other Federal agency for such 
     investigations.
       (c) Report.--Not later than 3 years after the date on which 
     the demonstration program is established under subsection 
     (a)(1), the Secretary shall submit to the Committees on 
     Indian Affairs, the Judiciary, and Appropriations of the 
     Senate and the Committees on Natural Resources, the 
     Judiciary, and Appropriations of the House of Representatives 
     a report on the demonstration program, which shall include a 
     description of--
       (1) the demonstration program and any recommended changes 
     or updates to the demonstration program, including whether 
     the demonstration program should be reauthorized;
       (2) the number of background investigations carried out 
     under the demonstration program;
       (3) the costs, including any cost savings, associated with 
     the investigation and adjudication process under the 
     demonstration program;
       (4) the processing times for the investigation and 
     adjudication processes under the demonstration program; and
       (5) any other information that the Secretary determines to 
     be relevant.

     SEC. 202. MISSING OR MURDERED RESPONSE COORDINATION GRANT 
                   PROGRAM.

       (a) Establishment of Grant Program.--The Attorney General 
     shall establish within the Office of Justice Programs a grant 
     program under which the Attorney General shall make grants to 
     eligible entities described in subsection (b) to carry out 
     eligible activities described in subsection (c).
       (b) Eligible Entities.--
       (1) In general.--To be eligible to receive a grant under 
     the grant program established under subsection (a) an entity 
     shall be--
       (A) an Indian Tribe;
       (B) a relevant Tribal organization;
       (C) subject to paragraph (2), a State, in consortium with--
       (i) 1 or more Indian Tribes; and
       (ii) relevant Tribal organizations, if any;
       (D) a consortium of 2 or more Indian Tribes or relevant 
     Tribal organizations; or
       (E) subject to paragraph (2), a consortium of 2 or more 
     States in consortium with--
       (i) 1 or more Indian Tribes; and
       (ii) relevant Tribal organizations, if any.
       (2) State eligibility.--To be eligible under subparagraph 
     (C) or (E) of paragraph (1), a State shall demonstrate to the 
     satisfaction of the Attorney General that the State--
       (A)(i) reports missing persons cases in the State to the 
     national crime information databases; or
       (ii) if not, has a plan to do so using a grant received 
     under the grant program established under subsection (a); and
       (B) if data sharing between the State and the Indian Tribes 
     and relevant Tribal organizations with which the State is in 
     consortium is part of the intended use of the grant received 
     under the grant program established under subsection (a), has 
     entered into a memorandum of understanding with each 
     applicable Indian Tribe and relevant Tribal organization.
       (c) Eligible Activities.--An eligible entity receiving a 
     grant under the grant program established under subsection 
     (a) may use the grant--
       (1) to establish a statewide or regional center--
       (A) to document and track--
       (i) missing persons cases of interest to Indian Tribes;
       (ii) sexual violence cases of interest to Indian Tribes; 
     and
       (iii) death investigations of interest to Indian Tribes; 
     and
       (B) to input information regarding missing persons cases of 
     interest to Indian Tribes, unclaimed human remains cases of 
     interest to Indian Tribes, and unidentified remains cases of 
     interest to Indian Tribes into the National Missing and 
     Unidentified Persons System and the Missing Persons File in 
     the National Crime Information Center;
       (2) to establish a State or regional commission to respond 
     to, and to improve coordination between Federal law 
     enforcement agencies, and Tribal, State, and local law 
     enforcement agencies of the investigation of, missing persons 
     cases of interest to Indian Tribes, sexual violence cases of 
     interest to Indian Tribes, and death investigations of 
     interest to Indian Tribes; and
       (3) to document, develop, and disseminate resources for the 
     coordination and improvement of the investigation of missing 
     persons cases of interest to Indian Tribes, sexual violence 
     cases of interest to Indian Tribes, and death investigations 
     of interest to Indian Tribes, including to develop local or 
     statewide rapid notification or communication systems for 
     alerts and other information relating to those cases.
       (d) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized 
     to be appropriated to carry out the grant program established 
     under subsection (a)(1) $1,000,000 for each of fiscal years 
     2025 through 2029.

     SEC. 203. GAO STUDY ON FEDERAL LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY 
                   EVIDENCE COLLECTION, HANDLING, AND PROCESSING.

       (a) In General.--The Comptroller General of the United 
     States shall conduct a study--
       (1) on the evidence collection, handling, response times, 
     and processing procedures and practices of the Office of 
     Justice Services of the Bureau of Indian Affairs and the 
     Federal Bureau of Investigation in exercising jurisdiction 
     over crimes involving Indians or committed in Indian country;
       (2) on barriers to evidence collection, handling, response 
     times, and processing identified by the agencies referred to 
     in paragraph (1);
       (3) on the views of law enforcement officials at the 
     agencies referred to in paragraph (1) and their counterparts 
     within the Offices of the United States Attorneys concerning 
     any relationship between--
       (A) the barriers identified under paragraph (2); and
       (B) United States Attorneys declination rates due to 
     insufficient evidence; and
       (4) that includes a description of barriers to evidence 
     collection, handling, response times, and processing 
     identified and faced by--
       (A) Tribal law enforcement agencies; and
       (B) State and local law enforcement agencies that exercise 
     jurisdiction over Indian country.
       (b) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the date of 
     enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United 
     States shall submit to the Committees on Indian Affairs, the 
     Judiciary, and Appropriations of the Senate and the 
     Committees on Natural Resources, the Judiciary, and 
     Appropriations of the House of Representatives a report 
     describing the results of the study conducted under 
     subsection (a).

     SEC. 204. BUREAU OF INDIAN AFFAIRS AND TRIBAL LAW ENFORCEMENT 
                   OFFICER COUNSELING RESOURCES INTERDEPARTMENTAL 
                   COORDINATION.

       The Secretary of Health and Human Services and the Attorney 
     General shall coordinate with the Director--
       (1) to ensure that Federal training materials and 
     culturally appropriate mental health and wellness programs 
     are locally or regionally available to law enforcement 
     officers working for the Office of Justice Services of the 
     Bureau of Indian Affairs or an Indian Tribe; and
       (2) to determine whether law enforcement agencies operated 
     by the Office of Justice Services of the Bureau of Indian 
     Affairs and Indian Tribes are eligible to receive services 
     under--
       (A) the Law Enforcement Assistance Program of Federal 
     Occupational Health of the Department of Health and Human 
     Services; or
       (B) any other law enforcement assistance program targeted 
     to meet the needs of law enforcement officers working for law 
     enforcement agencies operated by the Federal Government or an 
     Indian Tribe.

  Mr. SCHUMER. I ask unanimous consent that the committee-reported 
substitute amendment be agreed to; that the bill, as amended, be 
considered read a third time and passed; and that the motion to 
reconsider be considered made and laid upon the table.
  PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, it is so ordered.
  The committee-reported amendment in the nature of a substitute was 
agreed to.
  The bill (S. 465), as amended, was ordered to be engrossed for a 
third reading, was read the third time, and passed.

                          ____________________