[Congressional Record Volume 170, Number 168 (Thursday, November 14, 2024)]
[House]
[Pages H5986-H5994]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]




                CRITICAL MINERAL CONSISTENCY ACT OF 2024

  Mr. WESTERMAN. Mr. Speaker, pursuant to House Resolution 1568, I call 
up the bill (H.R. 8446) to amend the Energy Act of 2020 to include 
critical materials in the definition of critical mineral, and for other 
purposes, and ask for its immediate consideration in the House.
  The Clerk read the title of the bill.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to House Resolution 1568, the 
amendment in the nature of a substitute recommended by the Committee on 
Natural Resources, printed in the bill, is adopted, and the bill, as 
amended, is considered read.
  The text of the bill, as amended, is as follows:

                               H.R. 8446

       Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of 
     the United States of America in Congress assembled,

     SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

       This Act may be cited as the ``Critical Mineral Consistency 
     Act of 2024''.

     SEC. 2. CRITICAL MATERIALS INCLUDED AS CRITICAL MINERALS.

       Section 7002 of the Energy Act of 2020 (30 U.S.C. 1606) is 
     amended--
       (1) in subsection (a)(3)(A), to read as follows:
       ``(A) In general.--The term `critical mineral' means--
       ``(i) any mineral, element, substance, or material 
     designated as critical by the Secretary under subsection (c); 
     and
       ``(ii) a critical material as determined by the Secretary 
     of Energy under paragraph (2)(A).''; and
       (2) in subsection (c)(5), by adding at the end the 
     following:

[[Page H5987]]

       ``(C) Inclusion of critical materials.--Not later than 45 
     days after the date on which the Secretary of Energy 
     determines a non-fuel mineral, element, substance, or 
     material to be a critical material under subsection 
     (a)(2)(A), the Secretary shall update the list of critical 
     minerals published under paragraph (3) to include such 
     critical material.''.

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The bill, as amended, shall be debatable for 
1 hour equally divided and controlled by the chair and ranking minority 
member of the Committee on Natural Resources or their respective 
designees.
  The gentleman from Arkansas (Mr. Westerman) and the gentlewoman from 
New Mexico (Ms. Stansbury) each will control 30 minutes.
  The Chair recognizes the gentleman from Arkansas (Mr. Westerman).


                             General Leave

  Mr. WESTERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that all Members 
may have 5 legislative days in which to revise and extend their remarks 
and insert extraneous material on H.R. 8446.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the 
gentleman from Arkansas?
  There was no objection.
  Mr. WESTERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise today in support of H.R. 8446, the Critical 
Mineral Consistency Act of 2024.
  H.R. 8446 introduced by Representative Ciscomani would amend the 
Energy Act of 2020 to add critical materials from the Department of 
Energy Critical Materials List to the United States Geological Survey's 
critical minerals list.
  Currently, each agency uses different metrics when constructing their 
respective lists.
  DOE's methodology for critical material determination is forward-
looking. It accounts for international demand scenarios and growth 
trajectories specifically for energy technologies.
  On the other hand, currently USGS' process only uses historic data to 
determine supply risk to the U.S. economy and national security.
  By law, all the minerals on USGS' list are automatically included in 
DOE's Critical Materials List. H.R. 8446 would enable the process to 
work in the other direction by placing critical materials on the 
critical minerals list.
  The Critical Mineral Consistency Act is a straightforward solution 
that enables each agency to retain responsibility for reviewing 
minerals under their respective purviews while clarifying persistent 
confusion over critical minerals versus critical materials. As you can 
see, even speaking about it on the floor, it is easy to get the two 
confused.
  The bill cuts across jurisdictional red tape while preserving each 
agency's discretion and expertise in adding items to its list.
  Both critical minerals and critical materials are just that, 
critical. Without reliable access to essential materials such as cobalt 
and lithium for batteries and copper and aluminum for transmission 
lines, the U.S. risks failing to meet future economic and energy 
demands. Such a situation would lead to increased dependence on the 
market decisions of adversarial nations for critical minerals and 
materials.
  H.R. 8446 passed out of the Natural Resources Committee on a 
bipartisan vote because both sides of the aisle understand the 
importance of critical minerals and materials.
  I encourage my colleagues to once again come together to support this 
bill.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Ms. STANSBURY. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume.
  Mr. Speaker, I rise today in strong opposition to H.R. 8446. This 
bill has a fairly innocuous seeming purpose on its face. It would amend 
the Energy Act of 2020 to add critical minerals as designated by the 
Department of Energy to the USGS, which is the agency that handles 
minerals issues for the United States, to a list of critical minerals.

                              {time}  1215

  My colleagues across the aisle will argue that this bill is simply 
for consistency and to streamline, that we have too many lists to 
manage critical minerals and materials, which, of course, are so 
important to our country, so it is important to harmonize these lists 
and make sure that we are operating the Federal Government in a 
streamlined manner.
  It is critical that the American people understand that this is not 
the full story. In fact, this bill is the direct result of years of 
heavy lobbying and influence on the critical minerals list because, as 
you see, the critical minerals list is defined as all nonfuel minerals 
that are used as essential materials for national security or that may 
pose a supply chain vulnerability to disruption. The critical minerals 
list is designed to focus attention and vital resources on the most 
essential and at-risk mineral supply chains.
  USGS' critical minerals list and DOE's Critical Materials List may 
sound similar, but they have different purposes because of the 
differences in how these lists are used and the Federal mandates for 
these agencies. They have different purposes that are not 
interchangeable.
  The Energy Act of 2020 directed USGS to update the list of critical 
minerals to guide its use for infrastructure investments under the 
legislation that we passed here in 2021. As directed by a separate 
provision in the Energy Act of 2020, the Department of Energy undertook 
its own assessment of critical materials that were specific to energy 
needs because that is what the Department of Energy focuses on.
  USGS is the agency that has existed since the 19th century here in 
the United States to take stock of, identify, and support the Federal 
Government in understanding our geology and minerals and what we do 
with them.
  It affects the entire economy. It may sound very simple to streamline 
and combine these lists, but not only do they have different purposes, 
they have far-ranging consequences. The importance of the USGS critical 
minerals list cannot be overstated. This list drives billions of 
dollars in Federal investment and permitting decisions.
  Mr. Speaker, let me tell you a little bit about what happens if you 
get placed on the USGS list, which does not apply to the DOE list. It 
means that companies are eligible for millions of dollars in tax 
credits and grants under various bills that Congress has passed, 
including the Inflation Reduction Act, the CHIPS and Science Act, and 
many others. It also allows for permit streamlining under previous 
legislation that Congress has passed.
  What that essentially translates into is expedited reviews. Folks at 
home may be saying, well, isn't that a good thing? If you look at the 
environmental, social, and cultural impacts of mines and how they 
affect communities, you need a Federal process that makes it possible 
for our communities to weigh in.
  There is a public comment process so that you can go and say that we 
don't want this mine in this place. For our Tribes, it puts into place 
a Federal consulting process so that our Tribes can protect their 
sacred and ancestral lands. For communities, they can comment on the 
environmental and water impacts of potential mine operations. For our 
public lands, it means we can protect the sites that are used for 
recreation for fishing and the values that we hold dear for both 
environmental and recreational purposes.
  Importantly, it also affects the impact of whether or not, after 
mines go in, there is liability and legal remedy for the pollution that 
mines cause.
  If our public is not able to comment on mines during the permitting 
process, they will not have judicial standing if these mines are 
abandoned or there is not appropriate care taken in the aftermath of 
the mine operations and efforts to close the mine down and remediate 
the lands. That means that the public taxpayers and the people are left 
holding the bag, not the multinational mining corporations that are 
seeking to open these lands for mining.
  When you look at it in its totality, the very seemingly simple act of 
just saying let's harmonize these two lists and put it all under the 
rubric of the Department of Energy's list may seem like a simple no-
brainer. What it amounts to, in its totality, is a massive 
multimillion-dollar giveaway to multinational corporations that are 
seeking to mine public lands in the United States.
  It should be no surprise that it is industry lobbyists that have been 
working to get this change in the law for

[[Page H5988]]

years. We have seen many different incarnations of this bill, some of 
which have been very explicit about copper, in particular, being added 
to the list, and some of which are a little more opaque like the bill 
we see in front of us today.
  It is very clear that the copper industry is driving this bill in 
front of us today. We have to be realistic. Copper is an incredibly 
important resource. It is used in everything from our transmission 
lines to our electronics, consumer products, and cars and trucks. Even 
though it is designated as a critical material for energy purposes 
under the DOE list, it is not currently on the USGS list because it is 
not at risk of supply chain disruption.
  In fact, the United States is a net exporter of copper. Let me repeat 
that. Copper is not at risk of supply chain disruption. We are 
exporting our copper.
  So why is industry pushing so hard to open new mines on our public 
lands? Well, guess what? There is a lot of money to be made, and it 
turns out that the major holder of the two companies that are pushing 
for this bill is the Chinese Government. How ironic is that?
  In fact, we know that over 10 percent of one of the largest copper 
mining multinational companies in the world that is seeking to open a 
copper mine in Arizona is pushing for this bill to expedite the 
permitting, reduce the timelines, and make sure that the public and 
Tribes cannot comment on whether or not they want the mine there.
  We know that there are mine sites that have been identified that 
would be on sacred lands, and we know that it would have devastating 
impacts for the water supply of the State of Arizona and the entire 
Southwest.
  In addition to that, copper mining is an incredibly disruptive 
activity. It is pollution heavy. It impacts the landscape. Smelters are 
notorious for emitting air pollutants. In Arizona, arsenic levels have 
been recorded at 150 times higher than State health guidelines, posing 
higher cancer risks to communities. We know the well-known impacts to 
water and to acid mine drainage in our communities.
  On top of all of this--and I think this is the part that should raise 
all of our concerns--is that the copper industry is trying to use its 
influence through lobbying and through campaign donations to our 
colleagues.
  It should be of no surprise that the primary sponsor of this bill and 
the other bills like it come from the very State where these mine 
companies are seeking to mine are on sites that have already been 
identified as unsuitable for copper mining. They are Tribal sacred 
sites, in a number of cases.
  There have literally been decades of effort from the copper industry 
because there are high-quality copper deposits in many of these places, 
including in Oak Flat, which is a place that has been held sacred by 
the Apache people since time immemorial.
  Why are our friends across the aisle trying to advance a lobbying 
bill on behalf of a multinational set of corporations, which are held, 
in part, by Chinese Government inholdings on American lands that would 
violate the basic human, cultural, and religious rights of our 
indigenous communities? I will let the American people decide why they 
think that is happening, but it is certain that we just came out of an 
election, isn't it?
  I think it is crucial that people understand this isn't a simple 
streamlining bill. This isn't about just harmonizing this list with 
that list. This is about foreign influence on the mining industry, on 
the copper industry, here in the United States.
  I ask my colleagues across the aisle who have voted time and time 
again on this very floor to prevent foreign companies held by our 
adversaries, including China, from buying American lands, from trying 
to take American water rights, why on Earth would you be advancing a 
bill that would literally give away mining concessions to companies 
that are held by foreign adversaries? Why would you do it when we know 
that our communities have already resoundingly said that they do not 
want these mines in our communities, that they will harm our cultures, 
communities, waters, and public lands?
  I look forward to hopefully getting some answers to these questions, 
but the American people should understand what this bill actually is, 
and I urge my colleagues to oppose H.R. 8446.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. WESTERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume. There were a lot of claims made from my friends across the 
aisle about what this bill does or what its intent and purpose are. I 
think I need to clarify some of this.
  First off, I heard the claim that this bill would cost billions and 
billions of dollars to the taxpayer. I am not going to ask to submit 
that for the record because it is already part of the record. It is the 
CBO score for this bill that says, at most, it is a $2 million cost to 
administer the program, which actually seems high to me, but it is far 
from billions of dollars of handouts to anyone. That is what the 
Congressional Budget Office said. That is what I am repeating here.
  Also, a claim was made that we are exporting copper. I include in the 
Record the link from the U.S. Geological Survey's ``Mineral Commodity 
Summaries 2024,'' which shows that we import 46 percent of the copper 
that comes into the country. That is on page 64 of that report. https:/
/pubs.usgs.gov/periodicals/mcs2024/mcs2024.pdf
  Mr. Speaker, it was mentioned about the demand for copper, and I do 
agree with that. We have an insatiable demand for copper. A lot of that 
is created by some of the massive spending programs that our friends 
across the aisle passed a few years ago.
  There are estimates that say we need to mine more copper than we have 
mined in the history of the world in the next 20 to 30 years. There is 
a big demand for copper, and we are blessed in the United States 
because we have that copper here that we can use to create jobs, grow 
our economy, and help national security.
  This bill is not about copper, but if we want to talk about copper, I 
think we have a very strong position on our side of the aisle on how we 
see copper and how copper can play an important role in the economy 
going forward.
  Also, there was talk about DOE's list and USGS' list. I want to 
clarify that the critical minerals on USGS' list automatically go into 
DOE's Critical Materials List. This bill would take DOE's Critical 
Materials List and make it synonymous with USGS' critical minerals 
list.
  By the way, USGS supports this legislation. You would think if this 
administration's USGS had a problem with doing that, they wouldn't have 
supported the bill.
  I know there were a lot of claims made, but I think it is important 
that we get the facts out here in the debate.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield 5 minutes to the gentleman from Arizona (Mr. 
Ciscomani), the author of this bill.

                              {time}  1230

  Mr. CISCOMANI. Mr. Speaker, I thank Chairman Westerman for yielding 
me time and for clarifying a series of those points that were expressed 
by our friends on the other side of the aisle that he clarified so 
well.
  I rise today in support of my bill, H.R. 8446, the Critical Mineral 
Consistency Act. This bill, which passed with bipartisan support 
through the House Committee on Natural Resources and was recently 
introduced in the Senate, also with bipartisan co-leads, would require 
the U.S. Geological Survey to incorporate critical materials identified 
by the Department of Energy into the USGS critical minerals list.
  Under the Energy Act of 2020, items appearing on the USGS critical 
minerals list are automatically included on the DOE's Critical 
Materials List. However, items on the DOE list are not reciprocated to 
the USGS list. This discrepancy is confusing to mineral producers and 
makes it unclear which minerals are critical to the United States' 
mission.
  In addition to creating unnecessary confusion, the disconnect between 
the two lists puts our domestic supply chain at risk. Other countries 
like China and Peru have specifically articulated and invested in the 
minerals they deem critical. Meanwhile, here in the United States, 
several minerals are indisputably essential to our national security 
and clean energy economy, such as copper, electrical steel,

[[Page H5989]]

flourine, silicon, and silicon carbide. They are all listed as critical 
materials and not critical minerals, making them ineligible for 
expedited permitting processes and other benefits.
  This legislation would create some consistency within our agencies 
and signal to the world that we are taking seriously the importance of 
domestic production for our critical minerals like copper.
  In Arizona, copper is one of the State's five Cs, alongside climate, 
cattle, cotton, and citrus. Copper mining is embedded in our State's 
history, and today Arizona remains a leader in copper production, 
providing the Nation and the world with the copper it needs to operate.
  Despite Arizona being a leader in copper production, dozens of 
potential copper mines in America remain untapped due to the burdensome 
regulations by the Federal Government. Handicapping our own domestic 
mineral production and relying on imports from foreign countries not 
only harms our national security and economy but it also hurts the 
environment because we know when we mine in America, we do it safer and 
we do it cleaner than just about anywhere else in the world.
  According to various reports, the world is expected to need around 50 
million metric tons of copper annually by 2035 due to the growing 
energy demands. Another recent study found that without increased 
domestic production, the U.S. will be 60 percent reliant on imports of 
copper by 2035. That is alarming.
  In a world where foreign wars have created massive instability in the 
global economy, we should not be reliant on other countries for 
critical minerals that are used in everything from military vehicles to 
our electrical grid infrastructure.
  It is high time we take tangible steps to onshore mineral production, 
and this legislation does just that.
  Mr. Speaker, I urge my colleagues to support this commonsense bill.
  Ms. STANSBURY. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume.
  I think this is a really important debate for the American people to 
hear. I want to first address the comments that were made about these 
companies, which are seeking to get access to public lands for copper 
and other minerals, as being confused.
  Let's talk about the specific corporations that have been lobbying 
for this bill and variations of this bill for years. Freeport, which is 
one of the largest copper mining companies in the United States, is 
worth $61 billion. Rio Tinto, an international conglomerate, the very 
one that is held by Chinese Government holdings, is worth $159 billion.
  I ask my friends across the aisle: Do you really believe that a 
multinational corporation that is worth $159 billion in multiple 
countries and continents is confused about permitting? I don't think 
so. Mr. Speaker, $159 billion is 18 times the annual budget of the 
State of Arizona.
  Come on, guys. We are not fools. These companies have spent decades 
lobbying to open public lands and specifically the sites that they are 
looking to mine on in Arizona. In fact, it is why places like Oak Flat 
were set aside, because they are cultural, sacred lands of Tribes. The 
copper industry, 100 years ago, had tried to mine on those lands, but 
we recognized as a Nation that we don't want to mine on every single 
inch of American lands because there are places where it is not 
suitable. It is not suitable for cultural reasons. It is not suitable 
for environmental reasons. It is not suitable because we don't want to 
look at a giant hole miles across in our backyards.
  Now, we need mining and we need minerals, but let's be clear: These 
companies are not confused. They spend millions of dollars every year 
lobbying the United States Congress and giving campaign donations to 
our friends who are running for Congress. This is not confusion. This 
is influence. Let's be very clear about what we are talking about.
  Now, I want to also address the claim that this is not about copper. 
Well, last night I went onto Congress.gov. The American people can go 
do this. There are like six different variations of this same bill. 
Some of them actually specifically name copper and some do not. Guess 
what? It is the same sponsors, literally the same sponsors of this 
bill.
  I can appreciate and I always try to take my friends at face value. 
Okay. You are saying this has nothing to do with copper, but I 
encourage the American people to actually go do their own search 
because this same bill has many iterations.
  Now, let's talk a little bit about the statutory and the cost 
considerations of this bill. Again, we heard the claim this is just 
about streamlining definitions, no big deal. Let me repeat: The USGS 
list not only confers the benefit of billions of dollars in potential 
tax subsidies and grants under many different Federal programs, which 
the Department of Energy list does not, but it will permit actual 
streamlining and reduction of timelines, public review, and judicial 
review of mining operations, which effectively means for all of you out 
there who are listening, you don't get a say if this multinational 
corporation, which the Chinese Government partially holds, gets to put 
a mine in your backyard.

  My friends across the aisle are always asking us to have common 
sense. Does this make common sense to you out there? Of course not.
  The public has a right to comment. The public has a right to be 
participants in decisions that the Federal Government makes on our 
public lands.
  Tribes have a fundamental right, under the Constitution, treaty, and 
trust responsibilities, to help inform and decide whether or not we 
mine our Tribal lands, or lands that are important to our Tribes.
  The public has a right to say we don't want this because it is going 
to impact our future livelihoods.
  Our friends claim that, oh, this is just a simple definitional change 
and streamlining.
  It is really about taking away fundamental rights.
  Now, I think it is instructive that we had a lot of conversation 
before the election about Project 2025, and our friends across the 
aisle kept trying to distance themselves from it and say, oh, we are 
not actually planning to do that.
  However, we printed out some of Project 2025 today, and I want to 
point you to some of the choice sections on page 376. They want to 
pursue critical minerals. Oh, yeah, that is right. On page 537, there 
is a whole section in Project 2025 about opening Tribal lands to 
critical minerals mining.
  Does that sound familiar?
  Ironically, also, on page 725 of Project 2025, there is an extensive 
discussion about how the Chinese Government is plundering mines and 
critical minerals here in the United States.
  It sure does make you wonder why my friends are pushing this in the 
final hours of this Congress as we are headed toward the closure of 
this Congress.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. WESTERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume.
  Again, we are talking about copper. So let's talk about copper a 
little bit. This chart shows that in 1995, we produced 2.3 million tons 
of copper, and China produced 0.7 million tons. That is about three 
times more copper that we produced in the United States in 1995.
  In 2020, China was up to 9.8 million tons a year, and we were at 0.9 
million tons. You can see our overall production actually went down; 
China's skyrocketed. In 2020, they were producing 11 times more copper 
than we produced here in the United States. It is not because we don't 
have copper deposits in the United States, it is because people don't 
want copper mining and production in their backyard. However, if you 
are building a copper mine, you don't get to choose where the copper is 
located. It has long ago been determined that the copper in these 
places, sometimes it is on Federal lands, sometimes it is on private 
land.
  The reason our production has gone down is because we can't permit 
new copper mines. We also can't permit copper refineries. The other 
side of this story is we have 2 copper refineries in the United States 
today and China has over 50.
  With estimates that we need to produce more copper going forward in 
the next couple of decades than has been produced in the history of the 
world, you can see where that production is going to come from unless 
we

[[Page H5990]]

decide to mine the copper in our country, unless we decide to build 
responsible mines where there aren't human rights violations, where 
there aren't environmental violations, where we do things better, 
safer, and more efficient than anyplace else in the world.
  Someone who knows how critical these minerals are to our defense and 
to our way of life here in America is the gentleman from Virginia.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the gentleman from Virginia (Mr. 
Wittman).
  Mr. WITTMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in strong support of the 
Critical Mineral Consistency Act. This measure is an essential step 
forward to secure our supply chains, and in so doing to protect our 
national security and economic competitiveness.
  Today, critical minerals like lithium, cobalt, and graphite are the 
building blocks of everything from advanced weapons systems to consumer 
electronics. Every advanced economy depends on these resources, but the 
challenge we face is that these minerals are in limited supply and 
overwhelmingly sourced from China.
  Our dependence on the Chinese Communist Party for these materials 
puts our energy independence, technological leadership, and national 
security at risk. China has deliberately developed its control over 
these supply chains to build leverage against Western economies. It has 
been developing these capacities for decades, and it is already using 
it.

  China placed export controls on gallium, germanium, and graphite just 
last year, and it announced new controls on antimony in August. They 
will continue to put us at risk unless we act.
  Currently, the United States Geological Survey and Department of 
Energy each maintain separate lists of critical minerals leading to 
inconsistency in policy and program funding. These lists used different 
standards to determine what made a mineral or material critical, and 
this misalignment led to crucial elements like copper being listed by 
one agency while being ignored by the other.
  This bill is a simple but significant step forward to streamline 
interagency coordination, improve efficiency, and ensure that Federal 
efforts to stockpile, recycle, and develop alternative supplies of 
these minerals are focused on the same priorities.
  We must ensure that our Nation has the resources it needs to remain a 
global leader in defense, energy, and innovation. We cannot be at the 
mercy of China that uses forced labor and destroys environments around 
the world. My colleagues would like for China to continue to use forced 
labor. They would like for us to continue to see them increase the 
production of copper. They would like to see us continue to advocate 
for human rights violations and using forced labor and also to make 
sure, too, that they are destroying environments.
  Thank you to the folks on the other side of the aisle for your stand 
on human rights, not so much.

                              {time}  1245

  Ms. STANSBURY. Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as I may consume. To my 
colleagues across the aisle: Absolutely. You are so right. We do want 
to prevent our foreign adversaries like China from working to out-
compete us and to make sure that they do not have access to control our 
supply chain. This makes it particularly confusing that the bill you 
are trying to advance today is about copper. I want the public to know 
that they said that it is not about copper, but they just happen to 
have all the talking points about copper right there printed out ready 
to talk about copper.
  It is about copper. This is about the copper industry, who has been 
lobbying for this bill for decades; and, in particular, several large 
multinational conglomerates, including Rio Tinto, which is one of the 
largest in the world, which is held, in part, by the Chinese Communist 
Party who would like to mine on specific sites in the State of Arizona 
that have already been identified as unsuitable, unsuitable for 
cultural reasons, unsuitable for Tribal reasons, unsuitable for water 
reasons, and unsuitable for public lands reasons.
  They can say that this is just about harmonizing lists, but the 
Department of Energy does not have purview over permitting on our 
public lands. The Department of Energy's legislative mandate as created 
by this body is to oversee our Nation's energy systems.
  The Department of the Interior, where USGS sits, who manages our 
public minerals and our understanding of them, is the Federal agency 
that makes the permitting decisions, the legal decisions, the executive 
decisions, and the Tribal consultations that affect when, where, and 
how minerals are accessed on our public lands.
  This is about a lobbying effort by multinational corporations to move 
the list in such a manner that it will open up public lands to mining 
on sites they have already identified in which the public has, in 
various ways, already said no, no thank you, or they want a process for 
the public to actually weigh in on.
  I hope that my friends across the aisle, because it does sound like 
we have a lot in agreement, will agree that the Chinese Communist Party 
is buying up minerals and mining projects around the world. In fact, 
the Chinese Government has been stockpiling critical minerals for years 
which has created a crisis for the United States.
  Yes, while they are mining copper in their land, we have to ask 
ourselves: Why is a multinational company that the Chinese Government 
is massively bought into and trying to open copper mines in the United 
States getting a free pass by U.S. Congressmen on the House floor?
  Mr. Speaker, I really would like to know why this is happening.
  I hope that we can agree that we should not be allowing that kind of 
foreign influence in our permitting decisions.
  Mr. Speaker, for this reason, and at the appropriate time, I would 
like to offer a motion to recommit this bill back to committee.
  It was noted a moment ago that USGS supported this bill. I want to 
tell you all that we contacted USGS last night based on the testimony 
that they submitted. While they said that they agreed with concepts in 
the bill, that it needed technical changes in order for them to 
actually support it.
  If the House rules permitted, I would have offered a motion with an 
important amendment to this bill.
  My amendment, my motion to recommit, is common sense. It would 
prohibit any Federal benefits associated with being on the critical 
minerals list, what this bill is trying to accomplish, from going to 
our foreign adversaries, including companies they own and the 
subsidiaries of these companies.
  Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous consent to insert the text of my 
amendment into the Record immediately prior to the vote on the motion 
to recommit.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there objection to the request of the 
gentlewoman from New Mexico?
  There was no objection.
  Ms. STANSBURY. Mr. Speaker, I sincerely hope that my colleagues will 
join me in voting for the motion to recommit so that we can protect our 
Nation's natural resources and our supply chain from our economic 
adversaries abroad.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. WESTERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself such time as I may 
consume.
  Mr. Speaker, I am going to read directly from USGS's testimony on 
this bill in committee: ``As a possible way to manage the two lists, 
the USGS supports this bill.''
  That is verbatim from their testimony in committee.
  Also, we can talk about copper for a long time because it is the 
poster child of misguided principles and misguided regulations in our 
country. However, there is more on the list than just copper.
  Let's talk about electrical steel. Electrical steel goes into 
transformers.
  Mr. Speaker, if you want to build new transmission lines and 
transmission systems, then you have to have transformers. You can't 
build transformers without electrical steel. It is not on the critical 
minerals list, but it is on the Critical Materials List.
  What about fluorine?
  Nuclear reactors and electronics depend on fluorine. It is on the 
Critical Materials List. It is not on the critical minerals list.

[[Page H5991]]

  Here is a good one: silicon carbide. Congress passed this massive 
bill to subsidize semiconductor companies to build chips factories here 
in the United States. Actually it was called the CHIPS bill. We are 
going to build chips facilities in the United States, but we can't 
produce the silicon carbide needed to put into those chips facilities.
  It is about a lot more than copper, but copper is the big material 
that is out there that should be obvious to everyone that if we are 
going to have a more electrified economy, if we are going to build more 
electronics, and if we are going to have more renewable energy systems 
and transmission lines, then copper is absolutely critical to it, and 
that is why there is such a large projected demand for copper.

  Fortunately, we actually have copper in the United States.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield 5 minutes to the gentleman from Minnesota (Mr. 
Stauber) who has I believe the largest copper deposit and largest 
cobalt and nickel deposits in the world located in his district, but 
decades of permitting and we are still not producing copper, cobalt, or 
nickel from those mines. Also I believe they have platinum and 
palladium.
  Mr. STAUBER. Mr. Speaker, hailing from the great State of Minnesota, 
Minnesota has the most mineral wealth of any State in our Nation with 
the exception of Alaska.
  I have heard my colleagues on the other side of the aisle talk about 
how they support mining. I disagree that they support mining.
  Do you know why, Mr. Speaker?
  It is because this administration, Mr. Speaker, hasn't opened up one 
mine and, again, not one mine in the United States of America under the 
Biden administration. They say they support mining so long as it never 
happens.
  Furthermore, Mr. Speaker, any mining done in the United States of 
America must follow our environmental standards and our labor 
standards.
  It was mentioned moments ago about the Chinese Communist Party. I 
want to bring one more mineral. It is antimony. One month ago, the 
Communist country of China stopped exporting antimony to the United 
States, antimony that is made for semiconductors, antimony that is used 
in our explosive devices for our military, antimony that is used for 
our medical instrument devices manufactured here in the United States.
  We have antimony mines in the United States potentially if we are 
allowed to mine them.
  Furthermore, in the Inflation Reduction Act, the $7.4 billion, Mr. 
Speaker, that was put toward electric charging stations, we have got 11 
of them. The government has actually installed 11 charging stations for 
EV vehicles across this Nation. They were $7.4 billion.
  Furthermore, the Democrats and this administration have removed the 
Buy American requirements for those charging stations.
  Do you know why, Mr. Speaker?
  It is because they won't let us mine here, and the percentage of 
minerals needed to meet the IRA demands can't be met unless we mine 
here in the United States of America.
  Mining is our past, our present, and our future. Mr. Speaker, not 
only has this administration stopped mining in Minnesota, but they have 
stopped it in North Dakota, South Dakota, Montana, Wyoming, Nevada, 
Washington, Oregon, New Mexico, California, and Pennsylvania. The list 
goes on and on.
  This is the most antimining administration in the history of this 
country, and we are going to suffer for it. Right now, we need antimony 
to replenish our ammunition. We are struggling right now. That is why 
the Biden administration's USGS supports this H.R. 8446, the Critical 
Mineral Consistency Act introduced by my good friend, Mr. Ciscomani 
from Arizona. He understands.
  We have to have the political will in this country, Mr. Speaker, to 
be able to mine here safely under our regulations. We need permitting 
reform, which is going to allow us to mine here, process here, and 
manufacture here, right here in America using our jobs, our economy, 
and our workers, which is going to benefit our economy, our 
communities, and our strategic national security.
  Why would anybody not want to mine in this country using the best 
environmental standards and the best labor standards in the world?
  They are caving to the radical left, the antimining stance of their 
party. On January 20, the Americans are going to see a different 
attitude toward extracting these minerals that we are blessed with in 
this great country. We are blessed with these minerals.
  No other country is like us, no other country. If we have the 
political will to meet these needs, then we can do it.
  Mr. Speaker, I stand strongly in support of H.R. 8446. I stand 
strongly in support of domestic mining.
  Again, Mr. Speaker, I want to remind you and others this is the most 
antimining administration in the history of this country, and it is 
going to end. We have to hold our strategic national security in the 
palm of our own hands. I will be doggone if I am going to allow China 
to control our destiny or other foreign nations.
  Mr. WESTERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I have no further requests for time, I am 
prepared to close, and I reserve the balance of my time.
  Ms. STANSBURY. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself the balance of my time.
  Mr. Speaker, I stand here, once again, today to oppose H.R. 8446, a 
bill that ignores science, ignores the facts, and would add copper to 
the critical minerals list to help wealthy multinational corporations, 
some of which are held by our foreign adversaries, to gain critical 
benefits, Federal tax breaks, and access to our Federal lands and 
Tribal sacred sites.

  There have been some claims today about the Department of the 
Interior and the USGS's stance on this bill. I want to be clear that 
while the USGS did respond to the bill and share information about how 
to harmonize the list, they identified specific issues with the bill 
about its scientific integrity.
  Let's be clear. USGS scientists used peer-reviewed methodology to 
determine whether or not copper or any other mineral here in the United 
States should be considered a critical mineral and be given the 
benefits that come along with being included on that list.
  Now, while copper and many of the minerals discussed here are 
important to our economy, they are important to our national security, 
and they are important to the future of this Nation, they do not 
currently have the same supply chain vulnerabilities that other 
minerals on that list have and, therefore, do not qualify for the 
permitting and subsidy benefits that come with being included on that 
list.
  I think that the American people would agree with all of the things 
that my colleagues said, that we should not be giving giveaways to our 
foreign adversaries who are trying to stockpile these minerals right 
now.
  Why on Earth would we advance a bill that would give companies that 
the Chinese Government holds financial interest in access to copper and 
other critical minerals here in the United States?
  It is crazy.
  Designating copper as a critical mineral will divert precious 
resources and attention away from other critical supply chains that 
need it critically right now. It will open permitting, environmental 
review processes, and Tribal consultation. We know from history because 
it has told us in every chapter and every generation that it is our 
most vulnerable communities without power, influence, and money who 
will suffer the consequences, and, in this case, particularly our 
Tribal communities who have sacred lands that they have protected for 
countless generations.
  While my colleagues may claim that this bill is necessary to support 
and build up our domestic supply chain, we have already seen how 
foreign influence is trying to grab a hold of U.S. copper. There are no 
safeguards in this bill, and I cannot emphasize it enough: This bill 
will allow foreign actors through their financial holdings, including 
our adversaries, to benefit from the U.S. public lands and resources 
and materials that they are trying to take and stockpile, and it will 
leave our communities with pollution and devastation.

                              {time}  1300

  We just heard an argument that everything is going to change on 
January 20. If my colleagues don't know, January 20 is Inauguration 
Day.
  Project 2025, it turned out, was real: critical minerals, opening 
public lands,

[[Page H5992]]

opening Tribal lands, not protecting sites that we already knew were 
precious for sacred and other reasons.
  We just heard it right here on the floor: It is all going to change 
on January 20.
  Mr. Speaker, I ask my colleagues: Who is going to benefit? At what 
cost to our communities? At what cost to the American people?
  Mr. Speaker, there were claims made on this floor today about 
Democrats not caring about our supply chain and about our people. We 
have one of the largest copper mines in the United States in New 
Mexico. We support our miners. We support our laborers.
  I would not be standing here on the House floor if my mother had not 
been one of the first women operating engineers to work at a coal-fired 
power plant in New Mexico.
  Mr. Speaker, I do not appreciate the assertions that we have heard 
here today that we are trying to attack workers, that we are trying to 
attack American sovereignty and national security, and that we don't 
care about our economy and supply chain because we are here fighting 
for the people. We are fighting for our communities. We are fighting 
for our Tribal nations.
  Mr. Speaker, we will see changes on January 20. That is why we have 
to stop this bill, so that it doesn't give carte blanche to Chinese 
financial holdings to mine with impunity on our public lands.
  That is why I oppose this bill.
  Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of my time.
  Mr. WESTERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 minute to the gentleman from 
California (Mr. LaMalfa).
  Mr. LaMALFA. Mr. Speaker, what do we know about copper? It is 
extremely important to move forward with any of the technology that 
Americans are going to require, or certainly what government is likely 
to require, on electric vehicles and electrification of everything.
  At a time when the demand for copper is going to skyrocket to be 
exponentially more, the U.S. is actually producing less copper than it 
has been.
  If my colleagues want to talk about a process of trying to get more 
copper on line in this country, if it takes over two decades to get a 
mine from an idea to operating and to get through the permit process, 
certainly it is not like China or someone else is going to come in and 
just run roughshod over people to get the permit process done because 
it is hard to get a copper mine open in this country.
  If that can't get done, then how in the heck are we going to meet any 
of these standards for electrification or CO2 reduction by 
2045 or 2050 if it takes over two decades? We have already missed the 
target on just producing the copper if it takes that long to open a 
copper mine.
  Simply harmonizing two lists--we are not even talking about the same 
bill--between DOI and DOE, it is crazy.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Lopez). The time of the gentleman has 
expired.
  Mr. WESTERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I yield an additional 30 seconds to the 
gentleman from California (Mr. LaMalfa).
  Mr. LaMALFA. Mr. Speaker, to harmonize these two lists on whether 
copper is important or not between DOI and DOE, it is silly. We are not 
even talking about the same thing here. This is a simple bill to at 
least get the copper into the conversation so we can meet these extreme 
environmental goals people seem to want in California and on the other 
side of the aisle. It is crazy to not at least harmonize that and have 
a better conversation about how to produce copper in this country.
  Ms. STANSBURY. Mr. Speaker, I believe that we have thoroughly debated 
the merits and significant impacts of this bill on the American economy 
and national security, as well as our communities. I point out that my 
colleague started this debate by saying this is not about copper and 
ended this debate showing us it is, indeed, about copper and the 
companies that own them.
  Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman for the spirited debate. I hope we 
will protect our national security. I hope we will pass my motion to 
recommit. I hope we will stop this bill and the devastating impacts 
that it will bring.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time.
  Mr. WESTERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I yield myself the balance of my time. In 
closing, I go back to this idea of what mining in America could mean to 
America. We know that it has national security implications. We know 
that it has critical implications on being able to grow our energy 
sector, to grow our economy.
  I want to look at just strictly the mining and manufacturing 
component from mining. I have already submitted this report for the 
record, page 4, which USGS, along with Commerce, puts out every year. 
It shows how much material we mine in the U.S., how much we export, and 
how much we import. The net value last year was $129.7 billion. Of all 
the ore that we mined and the exports and imports, it was worth $129.7 
billion.
  That is a lot of wealth, but it pales in comparison to the amount of 
wealth that is generated when that raw material is converted into a 
metal. That material was worth $890 billion when it was refined into 
metal.
  When we talk about generating wealth, we are generating income for 
local communities and American workers not just by mining that ore but 
by processing it into metal, where we can increase it by eight or nine 
times the value, which means income for rural Americans.
  This same report shows us that $890 billion worth of value created 
from this material, along with another $102 billion worth of material 
that we had to import, created an impact on our economy of $3.9 
trillion. Think about that.
  When we use the resources that we have, it creates jobs in extracting 
those resources and in processing and refining those resources, and it 
creates jobs throughout our economy on manufacturing the goods and 
products that come from those resources.

  I don't want it to be lost on anyone that, historically, and this 
year is no exception, the U.S. Treasury receives about 16.5 percent of 
the GDP in tax revenue. When we look at budget issues in America, for 
every trillion dollars we grow our economy, we are creating another 
$165 billion going to the side of the ledger that we want it to go to, 
the income side, to help out with our budget.
  At the same time, when we are promoting things that create high-
paying jobs, we are taking money off of the other side of the ledger 
through social welfare programs. President Reagan said it best: The 
greatest social welfare program ever invented was a job.
  It is time that we have these jobs in America, using American 
resources, refining those resources, and manufacturing products from 
them.
  That takes me back to H.R. 8446. Both lists aim to identify vital 
minerals susceptible to supply shocks. With this bill, each agency will 
continue to review minerals and materials for redesignation regularly, 
just as Congress intended.
  It was mentioned that there is no science behind this. We are 
trusting these agencies, USGS and DOE, to go through the same processes 
they have always gone through, but to put these lists together to have 
a comprehensive list.
  These lists were not meant to be static snapshots of siloed 
industries. They are meant to be flexible tools that foster 
collaboration between sectors and agencies to promote the well-being of 
our ever-changing supply chain.
  H.R. 8446 allows each agency the latitude to perform its own 
independent analysis. For example, DOE's most recent iteration of the 
Critical Materials List contains copper, electrical steel flooring, 
silicon, and silicon carbide. USGS' critical mineral list does not 
contain those. These materials are used in power generation, electrical 
wiring, semiconductors, solar panels, transformers, defense 
applications, really all over and all throughout our society.
  We must continue to find ways to release China's stranglehold on our 
critical mineral supply chain. They have exploited their position on 
multiple occasions by instigating commodity dumping to make U.S. and 
our allied nations' critical mineral production uneconomical.
  H.R. 8446 will provide the Federal Government with a clearer and more 
holistic snapshot of the materials we need to safeguard our economy, 
energy, and national security.
  Mr. Speaker, I again thank Mr. Ciscomani for all of his work on this

[[Page H5993]]

legislation, and I urge my colleagues to support it.
  Mr. Speaker, I include in the Record letters of support from the 
following organizations: the National Association of Manufacturers, 
U.S. Chamber of Commerce, Mint Innovation, and the Copper Development 
Association.
                                              National Association


                                             of Manufacturers,

                                Washington, DC, November 13, 2024.
     House of Representatives,
     Washington, DC.
       Dear Representative: On behalf of the National Association 
     of Manufacturers, the largest manufacturing trade association 
     in the United States, representing manufacturers in every 
     industrial sector and in all 50 states, I respectfully urge 
     you to vote ``yes'' on H.R. #8446, the Critical Minerals 
     Consistency Act.
       Manufacturers need robust, secure and reliable access to 
     critical minerals and materials (including lithium, cobalt, 
     copper, nickel and silicon) to make innovative products that 
     power modern life, such as computer electronics and cell 
     phones, batteries for storage, solar panels and household 
     appliances. The U.S. has enormous mineral wealth, including 
     some of the world's largest deposits of lithium and copper, 
     and this legislation will help America remain a natural 
     resources superpower.
       Under the Energy Act of 2020, Congress directed the 
     Department of the Interior (DOI) to identify and maintain a 
     list of critical minerals to be routinely updated by the U.S. 
     Geological Service (USGC) Unfortunately, the items that 
     appeared on this list did not align with a separate critical 
     materials list that was established under the same law to be 
     maintained by the Department of Energy (DOE). This is causing 
     confusion among producers because eligibility for certain 
     grant programs, tax credits, loan guarantees or improved 
     permitting processes are only granted to items on the DOI 
     list.
       This legislation is a priority for manufacturers to shore 
     up supply chains of key minerals and materials by adding 
     copper, electrical steel, silicone and silicone carbide to 
     the national critical minerals list These are materials that 
     are irreplaceable in crucial energy, technology and national 
     security applications from electrical equipment and batteries 
     to grid transformers and semiconductors American 
     manufacturing is too often reliant on foreign sources of raw 
     and refined inputs of these materials, when we can and must 
     be doing more to produce them domestically.
       H R. 8446 provides necessary clarity by creating parity 
     between the DOE critical materials list and the DOI critical 
     minerals list and ensures that key minerals to America's 
     national and energy security, like copper, electrical steel 
     and silicone, are not left out.
       Thank you for your consideration.
           Sincerely,
                                                     Chris Netram,
     Managing Vice President, Policy.
                                  ____

                                          U.S. Chamber of Commerce


                                           Government Affairs,

                                Washington, DC, November 14, 2024.
       To the Members of the U.S. House of Representatives: The 
     U.S. Chamber of Commerce strongly supports H.R. #8446, the 
     Critical Mineral Consistency Act of 2024, a to streamline 
     interagency operations and eliminate the disparity in 
     benefits available to critical materials and critical 
     minerals by the Federal government The Chamber will consider 
     including votes related to this legislation in our annual How 
     They Voted scorecard.
       Currently, the United States Geological Survey (USGS) and 
     the Department of Energy (DOE) develop separate lists of what 
     qualifies as critical minerals and materials. Critical 
     materials that are only on the DOE list are not eligible for 
     the more extensive benefits granted to the critical minerals 
     listed by the USGS. Reconciling the two lists would lead to 
     expanded access to critical materials like copper, and would 
     simplify and streamline interagency coordination efforts to 
     determine which elements and minerals are critical to U.S. 
     national and economic security.
       Rapidly increasing demand for critical minerals coupled 
     with mounting geopolitical instability makes developing a 
     strong, reliable, domestic critical minerals supply chain 
     vital to America's future. Our current attempts to secure the 
     mineral supply chain rely too heavily on foreign sources 
     while slowing or halting completely the ability to expand 
     domestic mining To bolster domestic supply chains and ensure 
     stable long term economic growth, we must invest in, rather 
     than constrain by bureaucracy, the responsible development of 
     our abundant natural resources.
       We applaud the work of the House Committee on Natural 
     Resources to develop this legislation and we urge you to vote 
     in favor when this bill comes to the House floor.
           Sincerely,

                                                 Rodney Davis,

                        Senior Vice President, Government Affairs,
     U.S. Chamber of Commerce.
                                  ____



                                              Mint Innovation,

                                                November 13, 2024.
     Hon. Bruce Westerman,
     Chairman, Committee on Natural Resources,
     House of Representatives, Washington DC.
       Dear Chairman Westerman: On behalf of Mint Innovation, an 
     electronic waste recycling and biotechnology company for 
     metals recovery founded in New Zealand in 2016 with a 
     commercial facility located in Sydney, Australia that will 
     this week announce plans to build its first domestic 
     operation in Longview, Texas, we write to you to endorse H.R. 
     8446, the Critical Mineral Consistency Act of 2024.
       Mint Innovation is a clean biotechnology pioneer 
     transforming waste into value to empower a resilient future. 
     Mint's proprietary low-carbon, local and circular solution 
     recovers critical metals and materials from electronic waste, 
     such as printed circuit boards. Mint's technology uses a 
     combination of naturally occurring biomass and smart 
     chemistry to recover high value and critical metals, namely 
     gold and copper.
       As we establish a network of domestic facilities here in 
     America, we will also be able to recover Tin and Silver as 
     well as Praseodymium, Neodymium, Terbium, Dysprosium and 
     Tantalum from our byproducts. As we further develop the 
     technology to recycle black mass in lithium-ion batteries, we 
     will add Lithium, Cobalt, Nickel and Graphite to our list of 
     recovered metals. We do this in a low-impact, cost-effective 
     way, strengthening and securing local supply chains.
       As national critical mineral security concerns grow and 
     natural reserves dwindle, solutions that recover critical 
     metals close to the source make more sense than ever, and key 
     policies and legislation, such as H.R. 8446, the Critical 
     Minerals Consistency Act of 2024, will allow emerging 
     technologies to break new ground in critical mineral 
     production and electronic waste processing.
       We applaud the work of Reps. Ciscomani, Newhouse, Crane, 
     Biggs, Lesko and Curtis for their work to ensure parity 
     between Critical Materials, as defined by the Department of 
     Energy (DOE), and Critical Minerals, as defined by the U.S. 
     Geological Survey (USGS).
           Thank you,
                                                      Jason Price,
     Chief Operating Officer, Mint Innovation.
                                  ____

                                                Copper Development


                                             Association Inc.,

                                                    June 11, 2024.
     Hon. Bruce Westerman,
     Chairman, Committee on Natural Resources,
     House of Representatives, Washington DC.
       Dear Chairman Westerman: I write to you on behalf of the 
     Copper Development Association (CDA) to share our strong 
     endorsement and support of HR 8446, the Critical Mineral 
     Consistency Act of 2024. CDA is the U.S.-based not-for-profit 
     association of the global copper industry, bringing the value 
     of copper and its alloys to society to solve the challenges 
     of today and tomorrow. We influence the use of copper and 
     copper alloys through research, development, and education, 
     as well as technical and end-user support. We are the voice 
     of the copper industry.
       Today, the U.S. copper industry supports more than 395,000 
     direct, indirect, and induced jobs and more than $160 billion 
     in economic output. The U.S. copper industry is a key 
     national driver contributing mightily to the economic success 
     and national security of the United States. Copper is also 
     referred to as the ``metal of electrification'' because of 
     its high electrical conductivity and use across all energy 
     transition applications including EV batteries and storage, 
     wind energy, solar photovoltaics, transmission and 
     distribution, and other low-carbon energies such as hydrogen.
       These characteristics and the projected doubling in demand 
     for copper by 2035 are some of the reasons why the U.S. 
     Department of Energy (DOE) added copper to their Critical 
     Materials list last year. While this recognition is certainly 
     welcome, exclusion from the USGS Critical Minerals list has 
     kept copper from being eligible for benefits, include DOE 
     Title 17 financing, FAST-41 permitting support, and others. 
     HR 8446 eliminates this disadvantage by adding copper and 
     other important clean energy materials to the USGS list.
       HR 8446 not only has our support, but several bipartisan 
     energy and electrification groups in Washington also favor 
     the legislation. These include:
       Zero-Emission Transportation Association (ZETA), National 
     Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA), Business Council 
     on Sustainable Energy (BCSE), and Transformer Manufacturers 
     Association of America (TMAA).
       We are also heartened by the fact that USGS themselves in 
     their written testimony to the House Committee on Natural 
     Resources supports HR 8446 as they wrote ``As a possible way 
     to manage the two lists, the USGS supports this bill.''
       Given the support for the legislation by us and others, 
     including USGS themselves, we are hopeful the Committee will 
     vote favorable to support HR 8446.
           Regards,
                                                     Adam Estelle,
                                                  President & CEO.

  Mr. WESTERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I also note for the record the support of 
the following organizations: the Business Council for Sustainable 
Energy, the National Electrical Manufacturing Association, the Zero 
Emission Transportation Association, the Transformer Manufacturing 
Association of America, and the National Mining Association.
  Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance of my time.

[[Page H5994]]

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. All time for debate has expired.
  Pursuant to House Resolution 1568, the previous question is ordered 
on the bill, as amended.
  The question is on the engrossment and third reading of the bill.
  The bill was ordered to be engrossed and read a third time, and was 
read the third time.


                           Motion to Recommit

  Ms. STANSBURY. Mr. Speaker, I have a motion to recommit at the desk.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Clerk will report the motion to 
recommit.
  The Clerk read as follows:

       Ms. Stansbury of New Mexico moves to recommit the bill H.R. 
     8446 to the Committee on Natural Resources.

  The material previously referred to by Ms. Stansbury is as follows:

        Ms. Stansbury moves to recommit the bill H.R. 8446 to the 
     Committee on Natural Resources with instructions to report 
     the same back to the House forthwith, with the following 
     amendment:
       Add at the end the following:

     SEC. 3. NO FEDERAL BENEFITS TO FOREIGN ADVERSARIES FOR 
                   CRITICAL MINERAL PROJECTS.

       (a) Prohibition.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
     law, the Federal Government may not provide any critical 
     mineral related Federal benefit to an entity that--
       (1) is a foreign entity of concern; or
       (2) is a subsidiary of a foreign entity of concern.
       (b) Definitions.--In this section:
       (1) Covered nation.--The term ``covered nation'' has the 
     meaning given such term in section 2533c(d) of title 10, 
     United States Code.
       (2) Critical mineral related federal benefit.--The term 
     ``critical mineral related Federal benefit'' means any tax 
     credit, grant, loan, loan guarantee, or expedited permitting 
     that is available on the basis of the designation of a 
     mineral, element, substance, or material as critical pursuant 
     to section 7002 of the Energy Act of 2020 (30 U.S.C. 1606).
       (3) Foreign entity of concern.--The term ``foreign entity 
     of concern'' has the meaning given such term in section 
     40207(a)(5) of the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act (42 
     U.S.C. 18741(a)(5)).

  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to clause 2(b) of rule XIX, the 
previous question is ordered on the motion to recommit.
  The question is on the motion to recommit.
  The question was taken; and the Speaker pro tempore announced that 
the noes appeared to have it.
  Ms. STANSBURY. Mr. Speaker, on that I demand the yeas and nays.
  The yeas and nays were ordered.
  The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursuant to clause 8 of rule XX, further 
proceedings on this question will be postponed.

                          ____________________