[Congressional Record Volume 170, Number 126 (Thursday, August 1, 2024)]
[Senate]
[Pages S5753-S5754]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]



                           U.S. Supreme Court

  Mr. WHITEHOUSE. Madam President, I am here for the 34th scheme speech 
on the right-wing billionaires' covert scheme to capture and control 
our Supreme Court.
  And I am here to report real progress in our work to restore the 
integrity of the Court, and wrest it from special-interest control.
  This Court, captured and corrupted by right-wing special interests, 
has imposed deeply unpopular and harmful policies on the American 
people. It needs reform. And--good news--commonsense reforms to take 
back the Supreme Court received a significant boost from the President 
and the Vice President this week.
  The right-wing ``Fed Soc'' Justices have done unprecedented damage to 
America's democratic institutions and to our government's ability to 
protect ordinary Americans' health, safety, and well-being.
  The right-wing Fed SOC Justices also took away women's right to an 
abortion, leaving millions of women unable to make basic decisions 
about their own reproductive health and endangering women experiencing 
troubled pregnancies.
  They overturned longstanding and overwhelmingly popular gun safety 
laws leaving our communities exposed to the epidemic of gun violence.
  They eviscerated the government's ability to fight climate change and 
to protect consumers from corporate profiteering, and they invented, 
out of thin air, the idea that former Presidents are absolutely immune 
from being held accountable for using their office to break the law, to 
commit crimes, even to commit treason.
  On top of all of this, the Court has done its best to prevent the 
American people from fighting back through the democratic process. It 
has made it harder for ordinary people to vote, while making it easier 
for billionaires and deep-pocketed special interests to impose their 
will on the American people with unlimited amounts of dark money.
  How did we get here? A decades-long scheme led by creepy billionaires 
and backed by a deluge of dark money captured the Court like some 
crooked 19th-century railroad commission. This Court-capture operation 
was not cheap. The latest estimate put it at more than $580 million, 
and that is a minimum. That money flowed in from creepy billionaires, 
laundered through rightwing front groups like the Federalist Society 
and Judicial Crisis Network, where the donors--the real donors--could 
hide their identities behind the front groups doing their dirty work.
  This dark money funded full-scale campaigns to stack the Supreme 
Court with Justices who would deliver for the billionaires. The 
scheme's major victory came when Senate Republicans blocked Merrick 
Garland's confirmation to the Supreme Court. That set the stage for 
Donald Trump to fill that seat through a process outsourced almost 
entirely to the billionaires' operative Leonard Leo and his array of 
rightwing, dark money front groups.
  Once these handpicked nominees landed on the Court, the dark money 
network tells them how to rule, supplying them with extremist legal 
arguments through so-called friend-of-the-court briefs designed to 
reach their desired results. The parallel between what the friend-of-
the-court brief flotillas recommend and what the FedSoc Justices do is 
nearly perfect.
  Leo and his cronies also orchestrated a secret gifts program for 
their amenable Justices, keeping them happy with lavish gifts of luxury 
vacations and other high-value freebies. Despite a clear Federal ethics 
law requiring Supreme Court Justices to disclose even small gifts, 
these Justices kept hidden years of free private jet travel, free yacht 
trips, free tickets to sporting events, and even, for one Justice, 
$260,000 of loan forgiveness for a luxury motor coach.
  Justices have flouted the Federal law requiring recusal from cases 
where they have a conflict of interest. Justice Thomas sat on cases 
involving efforts to overturn the 2020 election despite his wife's 
involvement in efforts to overturn the 2020 election.
  Worst of all, the Court has refused to take any real steps to clean 
up this mess. After substantial public pressure, it first wrote a 
useless letter about ethics, and then it adopted a toothless ethics 
code with no mechanism for either investigation or determination or 
enforcement.
  The Supreme Court now stands alone in all of government free from any 
factfinding about ethical misconduct. As a result, the Court's 
legitimacy in the eyes of the American people is now at an alltime low 
and falling.
  Well, against all that mess, earlier this week, something big 
happened. On Monday, President Biden and Vice President Harris endorsed 
two commonsense proposals to help restore the Court's legitimacy. 
Happily, I have bills that perfectly align with both.
  First, the Supreme Court needs a binding, enforceable code of 
conduct. The Supreme Court should not violate one of the most basic 
principles of the law: ``Nemo iudex in causa sua''--``No one should be 
a judge in their own cause.'' Yes, that is a principle so old and so 
venerated that it is in Latin, and they violate it nonstop.
  The Justices of the Supreme Court should have ethics rules at least 
as strict as the other branches of government, with a real process for 
finding out what happened and holding miscreants accountable. 
Overwhelmingly, Americans agree.
  Last week, Justice Kagan suggested that a panel of experienced lower 
court judges could review ethics complaints, compile a report, and then 
make recommendations to the Supreme Court. That is exactly what my 
Supreme Court Ethics, Recusal, and Transparency Act would do.
  By the way, that is also what most all State supreme courts do. They 
all face the same problem of being the top supreme court in their 
sovereign entity, and they all face ethics review by other judges or 
panels. This is a solvable problem.

[[Page S5754]]

  My bill would also impose stricter disclosure of gifts Justices 
receive, enhance existing recusal laws, and require the flotillas of 
phony front groups who lobby the Court through friend-of-the-court 
briefs to disclose their actual funders and connections.
  My bill passed the Senate Judiciary Committee last summer, with the 
warm and welcome support of the Presiding Officer, and is now awaiting 
a vote on the Senate floor. Democrats stand ready and willing to 
deliver on President Biden's and Vice President Harris's goal of 
bringing real transparency and accountability to the Supreme Court.
  President Biden and Vice President Harris also announced their 
support for 18-year term limits for Supreme Court Justices, with new 
appointments to the Court occurring every 2 years. That would counter 
the Republican Supreme Court Justices' penchant for strategically timed 
retirements that tip the Court into Republican hands.
  Term limits are a commonsense proposal with long bipartisan support. 
Supreme Court Justices, including Chief Justice Roberts, have expressed 
support for term limits. Even some of our Republican colleagues have 
endorsed the idea. A Fox NEWS poll earlier this month showed that this 
idea had support from more than 75 percent of Americans.
  Fortunately, Democrats stand ready to deliver on this idea too. My 
Supreme Court Biennial Appointments and Term Limits Act, which the 
distinguished Presiding Officer is a cosponsor of, would make the Court 
more representative of the American people and lower the political 
stakes of Supreme Court nominations.
  Under our bill, the President would appoint a new Justice every 2 
years. Justices would serve full time on the Court for 18 years, after 
which they would acquire a form of senior status--something familiar to 
anybody who knows Federal courts, where, in district courts and circuit 
courts of appeal, judges go on senior status regularly.
  These Justices on senior status would remain on the Court to hear the 
original jurisdiction cases that are required by the Constitution for 
the Supreme Court to entertain. The nine most recently appointed 
Justices would hear what the Constitution calls appellate jurisdiction 
cases, which the Constitution expressly gives Congress the power to 
regulate.
  So Congress can pass this long-overdue reform while preserving 
judicial independence and without a constitutional amendment.
  President Biden noted that he has overseen more Supreme Court 
nominations as Senator, Vice President, and President than anyone 
living today. Vice President Harris, a former member of the Senate 
Judiciary Committee herself, has echoed the President's calls for 
reform. Both the President and the Vice President have immense respect 
for our Supreme Court and for a strong and independent judiciary. They 
have demonstrated it through their lifetimes. That is exactly why we 
should listen to them when they tell us that the time has come for 
reform at the Supreme Court.
  This has been a long and often lonely fight in the Senate. The big-
money, rightwing apparatus has tried over and over to shut me up. I 
think I may have a record for hostile Wall Street Journal editorials, 
and may I tell the Wall Street Journal editorial board: Thank you. That 
is a badge of honor.
  Realization of what is needed to save the Court from itself has 
spread--first through the Halls of Congress, then into the national 
consciousness, and now to 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue. That is good reason 
for hope.
  So bravo, Mr. President and Madam Vice President.
  Now it is up to us in Congress to deliver and repair and redeem this 
captured Court.
  To be continued.
  I yield the floor.
  The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. Booker). The Senator from Mississippi.