[Congressional Record Volume 170, Number 115 (Thursday, July 11, 2024)]
[Senate]
[Pages S4964-S4965]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]

  SA 2650. Ms. HASSAN (for herself and Mr. Thune) submitted an 
amendment intended to be proposed by her to the bill S. 4638, to 
authorize appropriations for fiscal year 2025 for military activities 
of the Department of Defense, for military construction, and for 
defense activities of the Department of Energy, to prescribe military 
personnel strengths for such fiscal year, and for other purposes; which 
was ordered to lie on the table; as follows:

       At the appropriate place, insert the following:

     SEC. __. IMPROVEMENTS TO NATIONAL QUANTUM INITIATIVE PROGRAM.

       (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that--
       (1) the execution of the National Defense Strategy is 
     critical to the functions of the Federal participants of the 
     National Quantum Initiative Program; and
       (2) the success of the National Quantum Initiative Program 
     is necessary for the Department of Defense to carry out the 
     National Defense Strategy.
       (b) Department of Defense Participation in National Quantum 
     Initiative Program.--
       (1) In general.--The National Quantum Initiative Act 
     (Public Law 115-368; 15 U.S.C. 8801 et seq.) is amended by 
     adding at the end the following new title:

          ``TITLE V--DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE QUANTUM ACTIVITIES

     ``SEC. 501. DEFENSE QUANTUM INFORMATION SCIENCE AND 
                   TECHNOLOGY RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM.

       ``The quantum information science and technology research 
     and development program carried out under section 234 of the 
     John S. McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal 
     Year 2019 (Public Law 115-232; 10 U.S.C. 2358 note) shall be 
     treated as part of the National Quantum Initiative Program 
     implemented under section 101(a) of this Act.

     ``SEC. 502. COORDINATION.

       ``The Secretary of Energy, the Director of the National 
     Institute of Standards and Technology, and the Director of 
     the National Science Foundation shall each coordinate with 
     the Secretary of Defense in the efforts of the Secretary of 
     Defense to conduct basic research to accelerate scientific 
     breakthroughs in quantum information science and 
     technology.''.
       (2) Clerical amendment.--The table of contents is section 
     1(b) of such Act is amended by adding at the end the 
     following:

          ``TITLE V--DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE QUANTUM ACTIVITIES

``Sec. 501. Defense quantum information science and technology research 
              and development program.
``Sec. 502. Coordination.''.
       (c) Assessment by Comptroller General of the United States 
     of National Quantum Initiative Program.--
       (1) In general.--The Comptroller General of the United 
     States shall--
       (A) assess the National Quantum Initiative Program; and
       (B) submit to Congress a report on the findings of the 
     Comptroller General with respect to such assessment.
       (2) Elements.--The assessment required by paragraph (1)(A) 
     shall cover the following:
       (A) The effectiveness of the National Quantum Initiative 
     Program.
       (B) Whether all of the programs, committees, and centers 
     required by the National Quantum Initiative Act (15 U.S.C. 
     8801 et seq.) have been established.
       (C) Whether the agencies, programs, committees, and centers 
     described in subparagraph (B) are effectively collaborating 
     together and conducting joint activities where appropriate.
       (D) Identification of inefficiencies or duplications across 
     the various programs of the National Quantum Initiative 
     Program.
       (d) Additional Improvements in Coordination.--
       (1) In general.--The Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of 
     Commerce acting through the Director of the National 
     Institute of Standards and Technology, the Director of the 
     National Science Foundation, and the heads of other Federal 
     agencies participating in the National Quantum Initiative 
     Program shall coordinate with each other and the heads of 
     other relevant Federal agencies, including the Secretary of 
     Defense, to carry out the goals of the National Quantum 
     Initiative Program.
       (2) Subcommittee on the economic and security implications 
     of quantum science.--
       (A) Establishment.--The President shall establish, through 
     the National Science and Technology Council, the Subcommittee 
     on the Economic and Security Implications of Quantum Science 
     (in this paragraph referred to as the ``Subcommittee'').
       (B) Membership.--
       (i) Composition.--The Subcommittee shall be composed of 
     members as follows:

       (I) One member appointed by the Director of the National 
     Institute of Standards and Technology.
       (II) One member appointed by the Director of the National 
     Science Foundation.
       (III) One member appointed by the Secretary of Energy.
       (IV) One member appointed by the Administrator of the 
     National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
       (V) Three members appointed by the Secretary of Defense, of 
     whom--

       (aa) one shall be a representative of the Army;
       (bb) one shall be a representative of the Navy; and
       (cc) one shall be a representative of the Air Force.

       (VI) One member appointed by the Director of the National 
     Security Agency.
       (VII) One member appointed by the Director of National 
     Intelligence.
       (VIII) One member appointed by the Director of the Office 
     of Science and Technology Policy.
       (IX) Such other members as the President considers 
     appropriate.

[[Page S4965]]

       (ii) Requirement.--Each member of the Subcommittee shall be 
     an employee of the Federal Government.
       (C) Chairpersons.--The Director of the Office of Science 
     and Technology Policy, the Secretary of Defense, the 
     Secretary of Energy, and the Director of the National 
     Security Agency shall jointly be chairpersons of the 
     Subcommittee.
       (D) Duties.--The Subcommittee shall--
       (i) coordinate with the National Science and Technology 
     Council and its subcommittees to ensure that the economic and 
     national security implications of basic research and 
     development in quantum information science, along with other 
     related technologies, are reviewed and planned for;
       (ii) analyze economic and national security risks arising 
     from research and development in such areas and make 
     recommendations on how to mitigate those risks; and
       (iii) review new programs for national security 
     implications, when feasible, prior to public announcement.
       (E) Report to congress.--Not later than 180 days after the 
     date of the enactment of this Act, the chairpersons of the 
     Subcommittee shall submit to Congress a report on the 
     findings and assessments of the Subcommittee regarding 
     economic and national security risks resulting from quantum 
     information science and technology research.
       (F) Termination.--The Subcommittee shall terminate on the 
     later of the following:
       (i) The date that is five years after the date of the 
     enactment of this Act.
       (ii) Such date as the Subcommittee determines appropriate.
       (3) Involvement of defense in national quantum initiative 
     advisory committee.--
       (A) Qualifications.--Subsection (b) of section 104 of the 
     National Quantum Initiative Act (Public Law 115-368; 15 
     U.S.C. 8814) is amended by striking ``and Federal 
     laboratories'' and inserting ``Federal laboratories, and 
     defense researchers''.
       (B) Integration.--Such section is amended--
       (i) by redesignating subsections (e) through (g) as 
     subsection (f) through (h), respectively; and
       (ii) by inserting after subsection (d) the following new 
     subsection (e):
       ``(e) Integration of Department of Defense.--The Committee 
     shall take such actions as may be necessary, including by 
     modifying policies and procedures of the Committee, to ensure 
     the full integration of the Department of Defense in 
     activities and programs of the Committee.''.
       (4) Clarification of purpose of multidisciplinary centers 
     for quantum research and education.--Section 302(c) of the 
     National Quantum Initiative Act (Public Law 115-368; 15 
     U.S.C. 8842(c)) is amended--
       (A) in paragraph (2), by striking ``; and'' and inserting a 
     semicolon;
       (B) in paragraph (3), by striking the period at the end and 
     inserting ``; and''; and
       (C) by adding at the end the following new paragraph:
       ``(4) encouraging workforce collaboration, both with 
     private industry and among Federal entities, including 
     national defense agencies.''.
       (5) Clarifications regarding national quantum information 
     science research centers.--
       (A) Requirements.--Subsection (c) of section 402 of the 
     National Quantum Initiative Act (Public Law 115-368; 15 
     U.S.C. 8852) is amended by inserting ``the national defense 
     agencies,'' after ``industry,''.
       (B) Coordination.--Subsection (d) of such section is 
     amended--
       (i) by redesignating paragraphs (2) and (3) as paragraphs 
     (3) and (4), respectively; and
       (ii) by inserting after paragraph (1) the following new 
     paragraph (2):
       ``(2) other research entities of the Federal Government, 
     including research entities in the Department of Defense;''.
       (6) National quantum coordination office.--
       (A) Collaboration when reporting to congress.--Section 102 
     of the National Quantum Initiative Act (Public Law 115-368; 
     15 U.S.C. 8812) is amended--
       (i) by redesignating subsection (c) as subsection (d); and
       (ii) by inserting after subsection (b) the following new 
     subsection (c):
       ``(c) Collaboration When Reporting to Congress.--The 
     Coordination Office shall ensure that when participants in 
     the National Quantum Initiative Program prepare and submit 
     reports to Congress that they do so in collaboration with 
     each other and all appropriate Federal civilian, defense, and 
     intelligence research entities.''.
       (B) Adjustments.--The National Quantum Coordination Office 
     may make such additional adjustments as it deems necessary to 
     ensure full integration of the Department of Defense into the 
     National Quantum Initiative Program.
       (7) Reporting to additional committees of congress.--
     Paragraph (2) of section 2 of such Act (15 U.S.C. 8801) is 
     amended to read as follows:
       ``(2) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term 
     `appropriate committees of Congress' means--
       ``(A) the Committee on Commerce, Science, and 
     Transportation, the Committee on Armed Services, and the 
     Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate; and
       ``(B) the Committee on Energy and Commerce, the Committee 
     on Science, Space, and Technology, the Committee on Armed 
     Services, and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence 
     of the House of Representatives.''.
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