[Congressional Record Volume 169, Number 79 (Wednesday, May 10, 2023)]
[Senate]
[Pages S1585-S1587]
From the Congressional Record Online through the Government Publishing Office [www.gpo.gov]
Unanimous Consent Request--S. 1192
Mr. HAGERTY. Mr. President, title 42 will terminate tomorrow with the
expiration of the COVID-19 public health emergency. Title 42 is one of
the last tools available to Border Patrol agents, and the President is
surrendering it during a record-shattering border crisis. It is
unconscionable for Congress to stand aside and do nothing to preserve
this critical authority.
Title 42 authority was initially based on the pandemic. While I agree
that the pandemic is over, the border crisis is worse than ever.
Whether to keep effective border security policies in place should not
depend on the pandemic.
There is a new epidemic that is plaguing our Nation, one that demands
immediate action. Deadly fentanyl--produced with the help of the
Chinese Communist Party and smuggled across our southern border by drug
cartels--has flooded into our communities. More than 100,000 Americans
died of drug overdoses in the last 12 months alone--most from synthetic
opioids like fentanyl. It is the No. 1 cause of death for Americans
between the ages of 18 and 45.
The rise of fentanyl overdose deaths affects every State and every
congressional district. It kills the young, the old, the rich, the
poor. It affects cities and small towns alike. It is not a partisan
issue, and finding a solution shouldn't be partisan either.
With the end of title 42, even the Biden administration is openly
preparing for an already-recordbreaking crisis to get far worse by
sending 1,500 Active-Duty troops to the southern border. It is an
admission of the impending invasion.
To allow title 42 to end without creating a permanent new authority
to replace it only empowers drug cartels. It enables them to illegally
send migrants across the border at strategic points, bogging down
Border Patrol agents with paperwork and processing that takes five
times longer than under title 42. This dramatic increase in processing
times will significantly decrease scarce resources available to
actually patrol our southern border. Cartels will use the longer and
more frequent enforcement gaps to move fentanyl across our border. We
cannot allow this to happen.
Title 42 is an effective and important tool for controlling the flow
of illegal migration at the southern border, but it is also an
effective and important tool for dissuading migrants from making the
dangerous journey to the southern border, to ultimately be exploited by
drug cartels. But the current administration has no interest in
dissuading migrants from coming to the United States. Instead, through
Biden's border policies, they entice thousands more migrants per day to
illegally cross into the United States, risking their lives as they
magnify the humanitarian crisis at our border.
That is why I introduced legislation to add drug smuggling as an
additional basis for invoking title 42 authority. It is called the Stop
Fentanyl Border Crossings Act. Overdoses have become an epidemic in
America, and no one can deny that. My legislation would allow the
Secretary of Health and Human Services to use title 42 to combat
substantial, dangerous drug trafficking across our southern border.
This bill would give Border Patrol a necessary tool to focus on
stopping drug traffickers.
It seems like an obvious step to take. Everyone agrees fentanyl
trafficking is a dire problem. Yet, in the last Congress, Democrats
blocked this legislation three times. Now that title 42 is
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actually coming to an end, it is time to get past the political
posturing, and I hope my colleagues will join me. We cannot sit idly
by. Without this authority, the recordbreaking border crisis and deadly
drug overdose crisis that will follow will become unimaginably worse.
Mr. President, as if in legislative session, I ask unanimous consent
that the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions be
discharged from further consideration of S. 1192 and the Senate proceed
to its immediate consideration; further, that the bill be considered
read a third time and passed and that the motion to reconsider be
considered made and laid upon the table.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Is there objection?
Mr. SANDERS. Reserving the right to object.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Vermont.
Mr. SANDERS. Senator Hagerty's bill aims to expand the use of title
42 to restrict the entry of people and goods from countries where
``substantial'' drug smuggling exists.
I am very concerned about the increased use of fentanyl in this
country. Everybody is. As you just heard, we have seen over 100,000
Americans die from drug overdoses in the last year alone.
Unfortunately, this isn't the way to address this problem. Title 42 is
a public health authority, and the use of it should be dictated by
public health experts.
Instead of proposing real solutions to address drug trafficking based
on what will keep people safe, some of my Republican colleagues want to
use title 42 as a political stunt to keep out people seeking asylum. I
welcome the opportunity to work with my Republican colleagues on
serious solutions to address drug trafficking. Unfortunately, this is
not one of them.
I object.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. Objection is heard.
The Senator from Tennessee.
Mr. HAGERTY. Mr. President, my Democratic colleague is objecting to
legislation that simply gives the Secretary of Health and Human
Services the authority to limit border crossings when necessary to
combat substantial, dangerous, illicit drug smuggling. It doesn't
provide authority to stop all asylum claims. It only applies where
substantial illicit drug smuggling is endangering health. More than
100,000 Americans are dying annually of drug overdoses, many of which
result from drug smuggling at the southern border.
This legislation isn't a mandate; it is a tool to help save American
lives whenever that is possible. Everyone acknowledges that an already
recordbreaking crisis will get worse without title 42. American lives
and American communities hang in the balance. Yet my colleagues across
the aisle are categorically opposed to any commonsense policy that will
help us address this problem.
I yield the floor.
The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Kansas.
Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership
Mr. MORAN. Mr. President, I am pleased to have the opportunity to
give some thoughts today on what is going on in the United States and
around the globe.
Here in these early months of this new Congress, there clearly is
broad bipartisan agreement on the importance of the Indo-Pacific region
for our country's future. We are strengthening our military posture in
that region, and last Congress, we passed legislation to strengthen our
strategic industries.
What is being ignored, however, is a third component essential to our
success in the region: expanding trade. At a State and Foreign Ops
hearing in March, I noted the importance of our economic relationships
around the world and asked Secretary of State Blinken about our
approach to trade agreements, particularly America's absence from the
Comprehensive and Progressive Trans-Pacific Partnership--the CPTPP.
He told me the original pact in 2015 had real benefits, economically
and strategically, but since then the world has moved on. I agree with
him, our allies and our partners have moved on. They have moved on
without us.
A year ago this month, President Biden made his first trip to Asia
and unveiled the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework, the administration's
initiative to reengage the region on standards involving digital trade,
supply chains, climate change, and corruption.
This is a small start, but it falls far short of what is needed today
to advance American prosperity and security--also, the well-being of
our Asian partners. In particular, the President's proposal fails to
include greater U.S. market access.
The United States is belatedly offering a tepid leadership to a
region that remains committed to open trade.
We can and must correct this or fall further behind in the most
economically dynamic region in the world. I call on President Biden to
enter into--and Congress to ratify--the CPTPP. It would be difficult to
overstate how important the Indo-Pacific is to American prosperity. The
region comprises 40 percent of the global economic output, and that is
expected to grow to 50 percent by the end of the decade.
The largest economy in the region belongs to China, which is the
largest trading partner for the region's countries. This provides
Beijing with leverage to bully our allies and partners into making
concessions in exchange for access to the Chinese market. It allows
Beijing, not the United States, the same opportunity to have that
relationship, so necessary.
China, for example, used coercion to retaliate against Australia
after our allies in Canberra called for an investigation into the
origins of COVID-19. Beijing regularly forces American businesses to
refrain from criticism of China or conform to communist policies.
China's leaders can coerce and intimidate because they have economic
strength. It is clear China will exert that tremendous leverage over
other nations to achieve its global ambitions. Its attempts to bully
countries into its sphere of influence are on full display through the
Belt and Road Initiative, which has left trails of debt traps and human
rights abuses. Unfortunately, the United States is ceding our economic
leadership that we established and maintained for the last 80 years.
Having quit the Trans-Pacific Partnership under bipartisan,
Republican and Democrat, criticism for that departure, the countries we
worked with--treaty allies and partners--moved ahead. They moved ahead
without us and in 2018 brought into force a successor agreement, the
CPTPP. These countries represent more than 13 percent of global GDP,
and in the last few weeks, Great Britain has gained membership.
So important is the CPTPP to the Pacific economies that China has
applied for membership. They did so last September. It would be a grave
mistake for us to assume that in America's absence China would be
denied membership indefinitely.
China wants in, despite already being the largest member of the
Regional Comprehensive Economic Agreement, which also includes our
treaty allies, Japan and South Korea, Australia and New Zealand. This
trade bloc accounts for nearly one-third of global GDP.
These two agreements, comprised of nations with diverse ideologies,
underscore the importance of the economics of the Indo-Pacific region.
In Asia especially, economics and security are one and the same, and
for Washington to ignore that is a miscalculation.
Our allies and partners in this region are noticing. They notice our
absence. Australia's Foreign Minister said at the end of last year:
America's decision not to proceed with the CPTPP is still
being felt in the region. . . . We have reached a stage in
the evolution of our alliances where they will increasingly
require a fully developed economic dimension, as well.
In other words, we can't have the same relationship with countries
that we don't deal with in trade in economic relationships.
At the end of 2022, Singapore's Defense Minister had this to say:
The U.S. increasing their military presence in Asia as a
stabilizing force is virtuous, it is good and we will support
that.
But then he made this key point:
We think that the U.S. should do more to engage as it did
previously, to build an economic framework, which as a tide
can lift all boats.
Despite our own National Security Strategy which declares that ``we
need to win the competition for the 21st century'' and that we will
``shape the rules
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of the road for . . . trade and economics,'' the document makes clear
President Biden believes ``we have to move beyond traditional Free
Trade Agreements.''
But given the words of our Pacific friends, it is equally clear they
have not moved beyond such agreements. In fact, they are doubling down
on them without us. The President and his administration are either
oblivious to this fact or indifferent.
Given the stakes, whichever one it is, it is a serious mistake.
Dating back to the 1980s, the National Security Strategy is a
congressionally mandated report issued by the President to convey the
administration's national security goals and how to achieve them. In
recent decades, one document is published each Presidential term rather
than yearly.
The 2022 document, President Biden stresses upholding the ``rules-
based international order'' but then refuses to engage in shaping one
of the significant pillars of that order: trade.
The National Security Strategy invokes four principles, two of which
are openness and inclusiveness. And as one scholar observed, the
President's approach to trade is neither open nor inclusive.
This hurts our goals in this region, and it hurts Americans at home,
our very national security. Our engagement really is about our own
well-being. Our own well-being is often dependent upon the well-being
of our friends and allies or those we want to be our friends or allies.
Economic partnerships can promote U.S. national security interests by
protecting critical access to technology, minerals, and food supplies.
We know what happens when we are so dependent upon one particular
country for meeting our country's needs in strategic items. It is a
mistake for us to have all eggs in a basket. Robust trade agreements
safeguard the intellectual property and manufacturing capabilities that
underpin our American military dominance.
Southeast Asia presents a situation in which our agricultural
producers can score significant market access wins, while U.S. soft
power can bolster our influence with these critical partners with these
countries that are or can be our friends.
America's economy is the foundation of our power. Without the
creation of wealth, we cannot afford to sustain the world's greatest
military, which in turn defends the peace that enables the flow of
goods. As a column in the Wall Street Journal just within the last week
argued, ``The U.S. must embrace the politics of growth. Our world must
be, and must be seen to be, the surest, fastest path to raising living
standards all over the world. That's what we did after World War II. We
must find a way to do it again today.''
What that is saying is we can't allow China to be seen as the path to
economic well-being for people and nations around the world and
specifically in the South Pacific.
Southeast Asia presents a situation in which our agriculture
producers can score significant market access wins while we are making
a difference in our own capabilities to influence the world.
America's economy is the foundation of our power, and we must utilize
it. In competing with China in the coming decades, it is essential that
the United States provide a positive vision for the region that
attracts countries to what America offers beyond security support.
Leadership is more than making clear what we are against. We must offer
a compelling case of what we are for and how it will benefit those we
wish to lead, those we wish to be partners with.
Little in geopolitics is a win-win, but trade is a rare area that
advances our interests and those of our partners. According to the
Chicago Council on Global Affairs, the American people understand this.
Three in four Americans think that trade is good for the U.S. economy,
but Congress and the President are making a mistake ignoring the old
idea of open trade.
To best compete with China in Asia and to help Americans at home,
joining the CPTPP and providing greater market access is an obvious
place to begin. Jobs, economic opportunity for us, and most
importantly, the well-being of our Nation, our national security,
depend upon trade and that relationship it creates.
(Ms. CORTEZ MASTO assumed the Chair.)